@hestia-earth/guide 0.0.16 → 0.0.18

package/dist/content/models/cycleInputs/agribalyse2016-fuelElectricity/content.json

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-{"tags":{"author":["Guillaume Royer"],"contributor":["Valentina Caldart"],"group":["Cycle Inputs"],"tab":["Agribalyse (2016)"],"modelId":["fuelElectricity"],"modelRequires":["electricityFuel"]},"content":"# Fuel and Electricity\n\nThis model calculates fuel and electricity data from the number of hours each machine is used for.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"collapsibles\">\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Returns</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input\">Inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#methodModel\">methodModel</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/agribalyse2016\">agribalyse2016</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=fuel\">fuel</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#value\">value</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#operation\">operation</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Requirements</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle\">Cycle</a> with:<ul>\n<li>Data completeness assessment for electricityFuel: <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Completeness#electricityFuel\">completeness.electricityFuel</a> must be <code>False</code></li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#practices\">practices</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=operation\">operation</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> <code>&gt; 0</code></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Lookups used</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/operation.csv\">operation.csv</a> -&gt; <code>fuelUse</code></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  \n</div>"}
+{"tags":{"author":["Valentina Caldart"],"contributor":["Guillaume Royer","Joseph Poore"],"group":["Cycle: Inputs"],"tab":["Agribalyse (2016)"],"citation":["[Colomb, V., Ait Amar, S., Basset Mens, C., Gac, A., Gaillard, G., Koch, P., Mousset, J. Salou, T. Tailleur, A., van der Werf, H. M. G. (2015) AGRIBALYSE®, the French LCI Database for agricultural products: high quality data for producers and environmental labelling. Oilseeds Fats Crops Lipids 22, D104](https://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ocl/20140047)"]},"content":"# Fuel and Electricity\n\nThis model calculates fuel and electricity data from the number of hours each machine is used for, using data from [AGRIBALYSE](https://agribalyse.ademe.fr/).\n\n\n\n\n\n\n"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleInputs/concentrateFeed/content.json

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"tags":{"author":["Guillaume Royer"],"group":["Cycle Inputs"],"tab":["Cycle"],"modelId":["concentrateFeedBlend","concentrateFeedUnspecified","feedMix"],"modelRequires":["concentrateFeedUnspecified","concentrateFeedBlend","feedMix"]},"content":"# Concentrate feed blend\n\nA blended animal feed which is high in energy value, and includes fat, cereal grains and their by-products (barley, corn, oats, rye, wheat), high-protein oil meals or cakes (soybean, canola, cottonseed, groundnut), and by-products from processing of sugar beets, sugarcane, animals, and fish.\n\nConcentrate feed Properties\n\nThis model calculates all of the nutrient content values and dry matter values for a feed blend\nif we know the crops that went into the blend by taking a weighted average.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"collapsibles\">\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Returns</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Product\">Products</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Product#properties\">properties</a><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/concentrateFeedBlend\">concentrateFeedBlend</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/concentrateFeedUnspecified\">concentrateFeedUnspecified</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/feedMix\">feedMix</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Requirements</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle\">Cycle</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#inputs\">inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=crop\">crop</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=forage\">forage</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=processedFood\">processedFood</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=animalProduct\">animalProduct</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#products\">products</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Product#primary\">primary</a> = <code>True</code> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Product#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/concentrateFeedUnspecified\">concentrateFeedUnspecified</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/concentrateFeedBlend\">concentrateFeedBlend</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/feedMix\">feedMix</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Lookups used</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/crop-property.csv\">crop-property.csv</a> -&gt; <code>crudeProteinContent</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/forage-property.csv\">forage-property.csv</a> -&gt; <code>crudeProteinContent</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/processedFood-property.csv\">processedFood-property.csv</a> -&gt; <code>crudeProteinContent</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/property.csv\">property.csv</a> -&gt; <code>commonToSupplementInAnimalFeed</code></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  \n</div>"}
+{"tags":{"author":["Guillaume Royer"],"group":["Cycle: Inputs"],"tab":["HESTIA"]},"content":"# Concentrate feed blend\n\nA blended animal feed which is high in energy value, and includes fat, cereal grains and their by-products (barley, corn, oats, rye, wheat), high-protein oil meals or cakes (soybean, canola, cottonseed, groundnut), and by-products from processing of sugar beets, sugarcane, animals, and fish.\n\nConcentrate feed Properties\n\nThis model calculates all of the nutrient content values and dry matter values for a feed blend\nif we know the crops that went into the blend by taking a weighted average.\n\n\n\n"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleInputs/concentrateFeed/hestia.json

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+{"tags":{"author":["Guillaume Royer"],"group":["Cycle: Inputs"],"tab":["HESTIA"],"modelId":["concentrateFeedBlend","concentrateFeedUnspecified","feedMix"],"modelRequires":["concentrateFeedUnspecified","concentrateFeedBlend","feedMix"]},"content":"# Concentrate feed blend\n\nA blended animal feed which is high in energy value, and includes fat, cereal grains and their by-products (barley, corn, oats, rye, wheat), high-protein oil meals or cakes (soybean, canola, cottonseed, groundnut), and by-products from processing of sugar beets, sugarcane, animals, and fish.\n\nConcentrate feed Properties\n\nThis model calculates all of the nutrient content values and dry matter values for a feed blend\nif we know the crops that went into the blend by taking a weighted average.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"collapsibles\">\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Returns</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Product\">Products</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Product#properties\">properties</a><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/concentrateFeedBlend\">concentrateFeedBlend</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/concentrateFeedUnspecified\">concentrateFeedUnspecified</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/feedMix\">feedMix</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#methodModel\">methodModel</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/hestia\">hestia</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Requirements</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle\">Cycle</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#inputs\">inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=crop\">crop</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=forage\">forage</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=processedFood\">processedFood</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=animalProduct\">animalProduct</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#products\">products</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Product#primary\">primary</a> = <code>True</code> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Product#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/concentrateFeedUnspecified\">concentrateFeedUnspecified</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/concentrateFeedBlend\">concentrateFeedBlend</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/feedMix\">feedMix</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Lookups used</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/crop-property.csv\">crop-property.csv</a> -&gt; <code>crudeProteinContent</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/forage-property.csv\">forage-property.csv</a> -&gt; <code>crudeProteinContent</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/processedFood-property.csv\">processedFood-property.csv</a> -&gt; <code>crudeProteinContent</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/property.csv\">property.csv</a> -&gt; <code>commonToSupplementInAnimalFeed</code></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  \n</div>"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleInputs/content.json

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"tags":{},"content":"# Cycle Inputs"}
+{"tags":{},"content":"# Cycle: Inputs"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleInputs/cycle-input-hestiaAggregatedData/content.json

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"tags":{"author":["Guillaume Royer"],"group":["Cycle Inputs"],"tab":["Cycle"],"modelId":["impactAssessment"],"modelRequires":["seed"]},"content":"# HESTIA Aggregated Data\n\nThis model adds `impactAssessment` to inputs based on data which has been aggregated into country level averages.\nNote: to get more accurate impacts, we recommend setting the\n[input.impactAssessment](https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#impactAssessment)\ninstead of the region-level averages using this model.\n\nFor `seed` inputs, we will match ImpactAssessment in the following order of priority:\n- match using the value from the lookup `linkedImpactAssessmentTermId`;\n- match using the primary crop product;\n- match using the \"generic\" crop product term.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"collapsibles\">\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Returns</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input\">Inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#impactAssessment\">impactAssessment</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#impactAssessmentIsProxy\">impactAssessmentIsProxy</a> with <code>True</code></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Requirements</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle\">Cycle</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#inputs\">inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#value\">value</a> and none of:<ul>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#impactAssessment\">impactAssessment</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#fromCycle\">fromCycle</a> with <code>True</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#producedInCycle\">producedInCycle</a> with <code>True</code> and optional:</li>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#country\">country</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=region\">region</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#region\">region</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=region\">region</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>optional:<ul>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#site\">site</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#siteType\">siteType</a> with <code>cropland</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>pasture</code> and a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#country\">country</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=region\">region</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#inputs\">inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/seed\">seed</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#value\">value</a> and none of:<ul>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#impactAssessment\">impactAssessment</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#products\">products</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Product#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Product#primary\">primary</a> = <code>True</code></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Lookups used</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/seed.csv\">seed.csv</a> -&gt; <code>linkedImpactAssessmentTermId</code></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  \n</div>"}
+{"tags":{"author":["Guillaume Royer"],"group":["Cycle: Inputs"],"tab":["Cycle"]},"content":"# HESTIA Aggregated Data\n\nThis model adds `impactAssessment` to inputs based on data which has been aggregated into country level averages.\n\nNote: to get more accurate impacts, we recommend setting the [input.impactAssessment](/schema/Input#impactAssessment) instead of the region-level averages using this model.\n\nFor `seed` inputs, we will match ImpactAssessment in the following order of priority:\n- match using the value from the lookup `linkedImpactAssessmentTermId`;\n- match using the primary crop product;\n- match using the \"generic\" crop product term.\n\n\n\n"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleInputs/cycle-input-hestiaAggregatedData/cycle.json

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+{"tags":{"author":["Guillaume Royer"],"group":["Cycle: Inputs"],"tab":["Cycle"],"modelId":["impactAssessment"],"modelRequires":["seed"]},"content":"# HESTIA Aggregated Data\n\nThis model adds `impactAssessment` to inputs based on data which has been aggregated into country level averages.\n\nNote: to get more accurate impacts, we recommend setting the [input.impactAssessment](/schema/Input#impactAssessment) instead of the region-level averages using this model.\n\nFor `seed` inputs, we will match ImpactAssessment in the following order of priority:\n- match using the value from the lookup `linkedImpactAssessmentTermId`;\n- match using the primary crop product;\n- match using the \"generic\" crop product term.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"collapsibles\">\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Returns</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input\">Inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#impactAssessment\">impactAssessment</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#impactAssessmentIsProxy\">impactAssessmentIsProxy</a> with <code>True</code></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Requirements</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle\">Cycle</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#inputs\">inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#value\">value</a> and none of:<ul>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#impactAssessment\">impactAssessment</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#fromCycle\">fromCycle</a> with <code>True</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#producedInCycle\">producedInCycle</a> with <code>True</code> and optional:</li>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#country\">country</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=region\">region</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#region\">region</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=region\">region</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>optional:<ul>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#site\">site</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#siteType\">siteType</a> with <code>cropland</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>pasture</code> and a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#country\">country</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=region\">region</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#inputs\">inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/seed\">seed</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#value\">value</a> and none of:<ul>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#impactAssessment\">impactAssessment</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#products\">products</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Product#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Product#primary\">primary</a> = <code>True</code></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Lookups used</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/seed.csv\">seed.csv</a> -&gt; <code>linkedImpactAssessmentTermId</code></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  \n</div>"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleInputs/cycle-input-properties/content.json

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"tags":{"author":["Guillaume Royer"],"group":["Cycle Inputs"],"tab":["Cycle"],"modelId":["properties"]},"content":"# Properties\n\nThis model handles multiple cases:\n- when the [impactAssessment](https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#impactAssessment) field is set, the model\nadds properties to the `Input` when they are connected to another `Cycle` that has an indentical `Product`;\n- when the `dryMatter` property is set, the model recalculates the other properties based on the data from feedipedia;\n- when the `min` and `max` are set, the model averages the `value`.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"collapsibles\">\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Returns</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input\">Inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#properties\">properties</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Requirements</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle\">Cycle</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#inputs\">inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li>either:<ul>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#impactAssessment\">impactAssessment</a></li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#properties\">properties</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#id\">@id</a> must be set (is linked to an existing Property)</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Lookups used</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/crop-property.csv\">crop-property.csv</a> -&gt; <code>dryMatter</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/forage-property.csv\">forage-property.csv</a> -&gt; <code>dryMatter</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/processedFoor-property.csv\">processedFoor-property.csv</a> -&gt; <code>dryMatter</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/property.csv\">property.csv</a> -&gt; <code>feedipediaConversionEnum</code></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  \n</div>"}
+{"tags":{"author":["Guillaume Royer"],"group":["Cycle: Inputs"],"tab":["Cycle"]},"content":"# Properties\n\nThis model handles multiple cases:\n- when the [impactAssessment](/schema/Input#impactAssessment) field is set, the model\nadds properties to the `Input` when they are connected to another `Cycle` that has an indentical `Product`;\n- when the `dryMatter` property is set, the model recalculates the other properties based on the data from feedipedia;\n- when the `min` and `max` are set, the model averages the `value`.\n\n\n\n"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleInputs/cycle-input-properties/cycle.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"tags":{"author":["Guillaume Royer"],"group":["Cycle: Inputs"],"tab":["Cycle"],"modelId":["properties"]},"content":"# Properties\n\nThis model handles multiple cases:\n- when the [impactAssessment](/schema/Input#impactAssessment) field is set, the model\nadds properties to the `Input` when they are connected to another `Cycle` that has an indentical `Product`;\n- when the `dryMatter` property is set, the model recalculates the other properties based on the data from feedipedia;\n- when the `min` and `max` are set, the model averages the `value`.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"collapsibles\">\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Returns</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input\">Inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#properties\">properties</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Requirements</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle\">Cycle</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#inputs\">inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li>either:<ul>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#impactAssessment\">impactAssessment</a></li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#properties\">properties</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#id\">@id</a> must be set (is linked to an existing Property)</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Lookups used</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/crop-property.csv\">crop-property.csv</a> -&gt; <code>dryMatter</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/forage-property.csv\">forage-property.csv</a> -&gt; <code>dryMatter</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/processedFoor-property.csv\">processedFoor-property.csv</a> -&gt; <code>dryMatter</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/property.csv\">property.csv</a> -&gt; <code>feedipediaConversionEnum</code></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  \n</div>"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleInputs/cycle-input-value/content.json

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"tags":{"author":["Guillaume Royer"],"group":["Cycle Inputs"],"tab":["Cycle"],"modelId":["value"]},"content":"# Value\n\nThis model calculates the `value` of the [Input](https://hestia.earth/schema/Input)\nby taking an average from the `min` and `max` values.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"collapsibles\">\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Returns</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input\">Inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#value\">value</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Requirements</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle\">Cycle</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#inputs\">inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#min\">min</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#max\">max</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  \n  \n</div>"}
+{"tags":{"author":["Guillaume Royer"],"group":["Cycle: Inputs"],"tab":["Cycle"]},"content":"# Value\n\nThis model calculates the `value` of the [Input](/schema/Input) by taking an average from the `min` and `max` values.\n\n\n\n"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleInputs/cycle-input-value/cycle.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"tags":{"author":["Guillaume Royer"],"group":["Cycle: Inputs"],"tab":["Cycle"],"modelId":["value"]},"content":"# Value\n\nThis model calculates the `value` of the [Input](/schema/Input) by taking an average from the `min` and `max` values.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"collapsibles\">\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Returns</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input\">Inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#value\">value</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Requirements</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle\">Cycle</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#inputs\">inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#min\">min</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#max\">max</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  \n  \n</div>"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleInputs/energyContentLowerHeatingValue/content.json

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"tags":{"author":["Guillaume Royer"],"group":["Cycle Inputs"],"tab":["Cycle"],"modelId":["energyContentLowerHeatingValue"],"modelRequires":["woodFuel","woodPellets","dryMatter"]},"content":"# Energy content (lower heating value)\n\nThe amount of heat released by combusting a specified quantity in a calorimiter. The combustion process generates water vapor, but the heat in the water vapour is not recovered and accounted for.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"collapsibles\">\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Returns</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input\">Inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#properties\">properties</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/energyContentLowerHeatingValue\">energyContentLowerHeatingValue</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#value\">value</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Requirements</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle\">Cycle</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#inputs\">inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/woodFuel\">woodFuel</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/woodPellets\">woodPellets</a> and a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#properties\">properties</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/dryMatter\">dryMatter</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  \n  \n</div>"}
+{"tags":{"author":["Guillaume Royer"],"group":["Cycle: Inputs"],"tab":["HESTIA"]},"content":"# Energy content (lower heating value)\n\n\n\n"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleInputs/energyContentLowerHeatingValue/hestia.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"tags":{"author":["Guillaume Royer"],"group":["Cycle: Inputs"],"tab":["HESTIA"],"modelId":["energyContentLowerHeatingValue"],"modelRequires":["woodFuel","woodPellets","dryMatter"]},"content":"# Energy content (lower heating value)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"collapsibles\">\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Returns</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input\">Inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#properties\">properties</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/energyContentLowerHeatingValue\">energyContentLowerHeatingValue</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#methodModel\">methodModel</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/hestia\">hestia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#value\">value</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Requirements</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle\">Cycle</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#inputs\">inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/woodFuel\">woodFuel</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/woodPellets\">woodPellets</a> and a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#properties\">properties</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/dryMatter\">dryMatter</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  \n  \n</div>"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleInputs/hestia-inorganicFertiliser/content.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"tags":{"author":["Guillaume Royer"],"group":["Cycle: Inputs"],"tab":["HESTIA"]},"content":"# Inorganic Fertiliser\n\nThis model calculates the amount of other nutrient(s) supplied by multi-nutrients inorganic fertilisers when only the amount of one of the nutrients is recorded by the user.\n\n\n\n"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleInputs/hestia-inorganicFertiliser/hestia.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"tags":{"author":["Guillaume Royer"],"group":["Cycle: Inputs"],"tab":["HESTIA"],"modelId":["inorganicFertiliser"]},"content":"# Inorganic Fertiliser\n\nThis model calculates the amount of other nutrient(s) supplied by multi-nutrients inorganic fertilisers when only the amount of one of the nutrients is recorded by the user.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"collapsibles\">\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Returns</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input\">Inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#model\">model</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/hestia\">hestia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=inorganicFertiliser\">inorganicFertiliser</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#value\">value</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#min\">min</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#max\">max</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#statsDefinition\">statsDefinition</a> with <code>modelled</code></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Requirements</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle\">Cycle</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#inputs\">inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=inorganicFertiliser\">inorganicFertiliser</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#value\">value</a> <code>&gt; 0</code></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Lookups used</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/inorganicFertiliser.csv\">inorganicFertiliser.csv</a> -&gt; <code>complementaryTermIds</code>; <code>nitrogenContent</code>; <code>nitrogenContent-min</code>; <code>nitrogenContent-max</code>; <code>phosphateContentAsP2O5</code>; <code>phosphateContentAsP2O5-min</code>; <code>phosphateContentAsP2O5-max</code>; <code>potassiumContentAsK2O</code>; <code>potassiumContentAsK2O-min</code>; <code>potassiumContentAsK2O-max</code></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  \n</div>"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleInputs/hestia-materialAndSubstrate/content.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"tags":{"author":["Guillaume Royer"],"contributor":["James Bradbury"],"group":["Cycle: Inputs"],"tab":["HESTIA"]},"content":"# Material and Substrate\n\nThis model gap-fills depreciated amount per Cycle from Site Infrastructure node.\n\n\n\n\n"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleInputs/hestia-materialAndSubstrate/hestia.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"tags":{"author":["Guillaume Royer"],"contributor":["James Bradbury"],"group":["Cycle: Inputs"],"tab":["HESTIA"],"modelId":["materialAndSubstrate"],"modelRequires":["material"]},"content":"# Material and Substrate\n\nThis model gap-fills depreciated amount per Cycle from Site Infrastructure node.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"collapsibles\">\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Returns</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input\">Inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#model\">model</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/hestia\">hestia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#value\">value</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#min\">min</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#max\">max</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#sd\">sd</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#statsDefinition\">statsDefinition</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Requirements</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle\">Cycle</a> with:<ul>\n<li>Data completeness assessment for material: <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Completeness#material\">completeness.material</a> must be <code>False</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#cycleDuration\">cycleDuration</a></li>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#site\">site</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#infrastructure\">infrastructures</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Infrastructure#defaultLifespan\">defaultLifespan</a> and a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Infrastructure#inputs\">inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=material\">material</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=substrate\">substrate</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#lifespan\">lifespan</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Lookups used</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/material.csv\">material.csv</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  \n</div>"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleInputs/ipcc2019-pastureGrass/content.json

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"tags":{"author":["Guillaume Royer"],"contributor":["James Bradbury"],"group":["Cycle Inputs"],"tab":["IPCC (2019)"],"modelId":["pastureGrass"],"modelRequires":["animalFeed","animalPopulation","freshForage","pastureGrass","neutralDetergentFibreContent","energyContentHigherHeatingValue","liveweightPerHead","weightAtMaturity","hoursWorkedPerDay","pregnancyRateTotal","animalsPerBirth","fatContent","animalProduct"]},"content":"# Pasture Grass\n\nThis model estimates the energetic requirements of ruminants and can be used to estimate the amount of grass they graze.\nSource:\n[IPCC 2019, Vol.4, Chapter 10](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch10_Livestock.pdf).\n\nThis version of the model will run at the Cycle level, if at least one Cycle Input is given as feed\n(see https://www.hestia.earth/schema/Input#isAnimalFeed).\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"collapsibles\">\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Returns</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input\">Inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#methodModel\">methodModel</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/ipcc2019\">ipcc2019</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=crop\">crop</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=forage\">forage</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#value\">value</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#isAnimalFeed\">isAnimalFeed</a> with <code>True</code></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Requirements</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle\">Cycle</a> with:<ul>\n<li>Data completeness assessment for animalFeed: <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Completeness#animalFeed\">completeness.animalFeed</a> must be <code>True</code></li>\n<li>Data completeness assessment for animalPopulation: <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Completeness#animalPopulation\">completeness.animalPopulation</a> must be <code>True</code></li>\n<li>Data completeness assessment for freshForage: <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Completeness#freshForage\">completeness.freshForage</a> must be <code>False</code></li>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#site\">site</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#siteType\">siteType</a> with <code>permanent pasture</code></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#practices\">practices</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=system\">system</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/pastureGrass\">pastureGrass</a> and a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#key\">key</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=landCover\">landCover</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#inputs\">inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#units\">units</a> = <code>kg</code> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#value\">value</a> <code>&gt; 0</code> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#isAnimalFeed\">isAnimalFeed</a> with <code>True</code> and optional:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#properties\">properties</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/neutralDetergentFibreContent\">neutralDetergentFibreContent</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/energyContentHigherHeatingValue\">energyContentHigherHeatingValue</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#animals\">animals</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Animal#value\">value</a> <code>&gt; 0</code> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Animal#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=liveAnimal\">liveAnimal</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Animal#referencePeriod\">referencePeriod</a> with <code>average</code> and a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Animal#properties\">properties</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/liveweightPerHead\">liveweightPerHead</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/weightAtMaturity\">weightAtMaturity</a> and optional:</li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Animal#properties\">properties</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/hoursWorkedPerDay\">hoursWorkedPerDay</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/pregnancyRateTotal\">pregnancyRateTotal</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/animalsPerBirth\">animalsPerBirth</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Animal#inputs\">inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#units\">units</a> = <code>kg</code> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#value\">value</a> <code>&gt; 0</code> and optional:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#properties\">properties</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/neutralDetergentFibreContent\">neutralDetergentFibreContent</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/energyContentHigherHeatingValue\">energyContentHigherHeatingValue</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Animal#practices\">practices</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=animalManagement\">animalManagement</a> and a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#properties\">properties</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/fatContent\">fatContent</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>optional:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#products\">products</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Product#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Product#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/animalProduct\">animalProduct</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Lookups used</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/animalManagement.csv\">animalManagement.csv</a> -&gt; <code>mjKgEvMilkIpcc2019</code>; <code>defaultFatContentEvMilkIpcc2019</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/animalProduct.csv\">animalProduct.csv</a> -&gt; <code>mjKgEvWoolNetEnergyWoolIpcc2019</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/liveAnimal.csv\">liveAnimal.csv</a> -&gt; <code>ipcc2019AnimalTypeGrouping</code>; <code>mjDayKgCfiNetEnergyMaintenanceIpcc2019</code>; <code>ratioCPregnancyNetEnergyPregnancyIpcc2019</code>; <code>ratioCNetEnergyGrowthCattleBuffaloIpcc2019</code>; <code>mjKgABNetEnergyGrowthSheepGoatsIpcc2019</code>; <code>isWoolProducingAnimal</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/system-liveAnimal-activityCoefficient-ipcc2019.csv\">system-liveAnimal-activityCoefficient-ipcc2019.csv</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/landCover.csv\">landCover.csv</a> -&gt; <code>grazedPastureGrassInputId</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/crop-property.csv\">crop-property.csv</a> -&gt; <code>energyDigestibilityRuminants</code>; <code>energyContentHigherHeatingValue</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/crop.csv\">crop.csv</a> -&gt; <code>grazedPastureGrassInputId</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/forage-property.csv\">forage-property.csv</a> -&gt; <code>energyDigestibilityRuminants</code>; <code>energyContentHigherHeatingValue</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/feedFoodAdditive.csv\">feedFoodAdditive.csv</a> -&gt; <code>hasEnergyContent</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/feedFoodAdditive-property.csv\">feedFoodAdditive-property.csv</a> -&gt; <code>energyDigestibilityRuminants</code>; <code>energyContentHigherHeatingValue</code></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  \n</div>"}
+{"tags":{"author":["Valentina Caldart"],"contributor":["Guillaume Royer"],"group":["Cycle: Inputs"],"tab":["IPCC (2019)"],"citation":["[IPCC (2019) 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Volume 4: Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use. Chapter 10: Emissions from Livestock and Manure Management.](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch10_Livestock.pdf)"]},"content":"# Pasture Grass\n\n## Overview\n\n### Goal and importance of the model\n\nThis model estimates the quantity of grass grazed by ruminant animals while on pasture, which is an essential step in estimating the amount of enteric methane released into the atmosphere (see [CH4, to air, enteric fermentation](/guide/ch4ToAirEntericFermentation#IPCC%20(2019))).\n\n### Cycle level model vs Animal level model\n\nIn HESTIA, two variations of the pasture grass model are available:\n- a model that runs at the Cycle level, adding the total amount of grass grazed by the entire herd to the Inputs section of the Cycle node;\n- a model that runs at the Animal level, adding the quantity of grass grazed by each Animal to the Inputs section of the Animal blank node. \n\nThe Cycle model runs when 1) animals receive additional feed; and 2) one or more of the feeds are recorded in the Inputs section of the Cycle. The Animal level model runs when no Inputs with [isAnimalFeed](/schema/Input#isAnimalFeed) = `True` are recorded at the Cycle level.\n\nThe present page focuses on the Cycle level model. The Animal level model is discussed in the [Cycle:Animals - Pasture grass](/guide/animal-pastureGrass#IPCC%20(2019)) page. \n\n### Main steps\n\nThe model works in three steps:\n\n1. the energy requirements of the animals are estimated;\n2. the energy derived from additional feeds is quantified;\n3. the amount of grass that provides the residual energy is calculated.\n\nThe underlying assumption is that, when let free to graze as much as they want, animals will eat according to their energy needs, without undereating or overeating.\n\n## 1. Estimating animals’ energy requirements\n\n### Understanding energy \n\nTo fully understand the model, it is useful to familiarise with different energy concepts. \n\nHere’s a summary table, followed by a more detailed explanation. \n\n| Abbreviation | Full name            | Definition                                                                                      | Formula                           | \n|--------------|----------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|\n| GE           | Gross Energy         | The total energy contained in the feed.                                                         | Calculated using a bomb calorimeter.|\n| DE           | Digestible Energy    | The energy that is digested.                                                                    | GE - energy lost in feces.        |\n| ME           | Metabolisable Energy | The energy that is absorbed into the bloodstream and reaches tissues after pre-systemic metabolism in the liver. | DE - energy lost with gaseous emissions - energy lost in urine. |\n| NE           | Net Energy           | The energy remaining after conversion to ATP, available for maintenance or growth purposes. | ME - energy lost as heat.|\n\nThe term gross energy (GE) refers to the energy released as heat when a compound is completely combusted by oxygen in a bomb calorimeter. In other words, it is the total amount of energy contained in a food or feed item.\n\nLiving beings, though, are not bomb calorimeters. Gross energy is partially indigestible: food or feed components can't be entirely broken down by the digestive system and a fraction is expelled through feces. The percentage of digestible energy (DE) is determined by:\n- the nutritional composition of the item (e.g., DE decreases when fiber content increases);\n- physiology (e.g., ruminants digest fiber much more effectively than pigs, chickens, and humans, thanks to the cellulose-breaking microorganisms living in their stomach).\n\nNot all digestible energy is absorbed by the organism and made available to cells. For example, in ruminants, 4 to 8% of feed energy is lost as methane after cellulose fermentation in the rumen. Before reaching system circulation, molecules absorbed in the gastro-intestinal tract are metabolised in the liver, which, among other things, converts excess amino acids into urea, which is then excreted via the urinary tract. The percentage of metabolisable energy (ME) decreases when fiber and protein content increase. \n\nOnce in the cells, nutrients are broken-down. The energy released is stored in a molecule called adenosine-triphosphate (ATP), which is then used as a source of energy for other cellular processes. This energy conversion is not particularly efficient and a lot of energy (58% in humans) is lost as heat. The usable energy that remains after accounting for all losses is called net energy (NE) and can be used by tissues for either maintenance or growth.\n\n### Estimating net energy requirements\n\nThe model starts by estimating the amount of net energy animals use for the following purposes:\n\n| Abbreviation | Full name                      | Definition                                                                                                                   |\n|--------------|--------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| NE<sub>m </sub>         | Net Energy for maintenance     | The net energy required for basal metabolism, i.e. to stay alive at rest. This includes energy used for breathing, pumping blood throughout the body, and standing. |\n| NE<sub>a</sub>         | Net Energy for activity        | The net energy required to perform physical movements, e.g., to graze.                                                            |\n| NE<sub>l</sub>          | Net Energy for lactation       | The net energy required to produce milk.                                                                                     |\n| NE<sub>work</sub>       | Net Energy for work            | The net energy required to execute work tasks, e.g., to pull a plough.                                                       |\n| NE<sub>p</sub>          | Net Energy for pregnancy       | The net energy required to sustain the growth and metabolism of the fetus, placenta, and maternal tissues.                   |\n| NE<sub>g</sub>          | Net Energy for growth          | The net energy required to grow and reach adult weight. This includes the energy needed for skeleton, muscles, and organs development.   |\n| NE<sub>wool</sub>       | Net Energy for wool production | The net energy required to produce wool.                                                                                     |\n\nNet energy requirements are calculated separately for each animal category in the Animal node and then summed up. For example, NEm is estimated separately for `Beef cattle, cow` and `Beef cattle, bull`; the herd's NEm requirements are then calculated by summing up individual needs. The only exception is NEwool, for which total herd's requirements are calculated directly.  \n\n#### Net Energy for maintenance (NE<sub>m</sub>)\n\nNE<sub>m</sub> is estimated using the following equation, adapted from Equation 10.3 in the IPCC (2019) report:\n\n$$NE_m = \\text{Cf}_{\\text{i}} \\times \\text{weight}^{0.75} \\times \\text{animal.value} \\times \\text{cycleDuration}$$\n\nWhere: \n\n- $NE_m$ = the net energy used for maintenance, in MJ per animal category per Cycle;\n- $\\text{Cf}_{\\text{i}}$ = coefficient which varies for each animal category, in MJ per kg per day (see Table 10.4 in the IPCC (2019) report);\n- $\\text{weight}$ = the average live body weight of the animal, in kg;\n- $\\text{animal.value}$ = the average number of animals in each category;\n- $\\text{cycleDuration}$ = the duration of the Cycle, in days.\n\nNE<sub>m</sub> is directly proportional to the weight of the animal. If an animal is bigger, it needs more energy to function (e.g., its muscles need more energy to sustain the weight while standing). The Cf<sub>i</sub> coefficient changes based on the animal species, gender, and “status”. For example, it is higher in intact males and lactating females, due to hormones increasing the basal metabolic rate. \n\nThe following Table maps each element in the equation to a HESTIA lookup or Term; it also highlights data requirements and available gap-fills:\n\n| Element       | Type        | Required terms                                                                                                                                                                         | Gap-fill available                                                                                                                      |\n|---------------|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| Cf<sub>i</sub>          | Coefficient | None, the value is stored in the `mjDayKgCfiNetEnergyMaintenanceIpcc2019` lookup (`liveAnimal` glossary).                                                                               | -                                                                                                                                       |\n| weight        | Variable    | [Liveweight per head](/term/liveweightPerHead) property to be added to each Animal in the Animal node.                                                                                 | Yes, based on IPCC (2019) default values. See [Liveweight per head - IPCC (2019) model](/guide/animal-liveweightPerHead#IPCC%20(2019)). |\n| animal.value  | Variable    | Average number of animals (calculated as a time-weighted average during the Cycle) to be specified for each Animal in the Animal node, using the [value](/schema/Animal#value) field.  | -                                                                                                                                       |\n| `cycleDuration` | Variable    | [cycleDuration](/schema/Cycle#cycleDuration) field to be added to the Cycle node.                                                                                                                        | 365 days used as default.                                                                                                               |\n\n#### Net Energy for activity (NE<sub>a</sub>)\n\nNet energy for activity is estimated using two different equations: one for cattle and buffalo, one for sheep and goats.\n\nThe equation for cattle and buffalo (Equation 10.4 in the IPCC (2019) report) is:\n\n$$NE_a = C_a \\times NE_m$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $NE_a$ = the net energy used for activity, in MJ per animal category per Cycle;\n- $C_a$ = coefficient corresponding to the animal's feeding situation, dimensionless (see Table 10.5 in the IPCC (2019) report);\n- $NE_m$ = the net energy used for maintenance, in MJ per animal category per Cycle. \n\nThe equation for sheep and goats (adapted from Equation 10.5 in the IPCC (2019) report) is:\n\n$$NE_a = C_{\\text{a}} \\times \\text{weight} \\times \\text{animal.value} \\times \\text{cycleDuration}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $NE_a$ = the net energy used for activity, in MJ per animal category per Cycle;\n- $C_{\\text{a}}$ = coefficient corresponding to the animal's feeding situation, in MJ per kg per day (see Table 10.5 in the IPCC (2019) report);\n- $\\text{weight}$ = the average live weight of the animal, in kg;\n- $\\text{animal.value}$ = the average number of animals in each category;\n- $\\text{cycleDuration}$ = the duration of the Cycle, in days.\n\nFor cattle and buffalo, NE<sub>a</sub> is directly proportional to NE<sub>m</sub>. In fact, the higher are the net energy requirements for maintenance, the higher will be the energy requirements for activity. For example, if muscles need more energy to sustain the body at rest, they will also need more energy to carry it around. For sheep and goats, NE<sub>a</sub> is directly proportional to weight, for the same reasons. \n\nThe C<sub>a</sub> coefficient varies with the feeding situation. It is higher when animals graze in vaste areas, hills, or mountains, lower when they graze in a relatively small and flat pasture. If animals are confined indoors and/or strongly limited in their movements, C<sub>a</sub> is set to zero.\n\nThe following Table maps each element in the equation to HESTIA lookup or Term; it also highlights data requirements and available gap-fills:\n\n| Element       | Type        | Required terms                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | Gap-fill available                                                                                                                      |\n|---------------|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| C<sub>a</sub>           | Coefficient | Values for different system-animal combinations are stored in the `system-liveAnimal-activityCoefficient-ipcc2019-lookup.csv` file. One or more of the following Terms from the `system` glossary should be added to the Cycle Practices section: [Indoor animal system](/term/indoorAnimalSystem), [Barn system](/term/barnSystem), [Feedlot system](/term/feedlotSystem), [Confined pasture system](/term/confinedPastureSystem), [Hilly pasture system](/term/hillyPastureSystem), [Open range system](/term/openRangeSystem).  | Yes, see [Pasture system model](/guide/hestia-pastureSystem#HESTIA). |\n| Ne<sub>m</sub>          | Variable    | See Ne<sub>m</sub> equation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         | -                                                                                                                                       |\n| weight        | Variable    | [Liveweight per head](term/liveweightPerHead) property to be added to each Animal in the Animal node.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | Yes, based on IPCC (2019) default values. See [Liveweight per head - IPCC (2019) model](/guide/animal-liveweightPerHead#IPCC%20(2019)). |\n| animal.value  | Variable    | Average number of animals (calculated as a time-weighted average during the Cycle) to be specified for each Animal in the Animal node, using the [value](/schema/Animal#value) field.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | -                                                                                                                                       |\n| cycleDuration | Variable    | [cycleDuration](/schema/Cycle#cycleDuration) field to be added.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            | 365 days used as default.                                                                                                               |\n\n#### Net Energy for lactation (NE<sub>l</sub>)\n\nDifferent formulas are used to calculate net energy requirements for lactation in different animals. \n\nThe formula for cattle and buffalo, adapted from Equation 10.8 in the IPCC (2019) report, is:\n\n$$NE_l = \\text{Milk} \\times \\left( 1.47 + 0.40 \\times \\text{Fat} \\right) \\times \\text{animal.value} \\times \\text{cycleDuration}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $NE_l$ = the net energy used for lactation, in MJ per animal category per Cycle;\n- $\\text{Milk}$ = the average daily quantity of milk produced, in kg per animal per day;\n- $\\text{Fat}$ = the fat content of the milk, in percentage (i.e. if 5% use 5);\n- $\\text{animal.value}$ = the average number of animals in each category;\n- $\\text{cycleDuration}$ = the duration of the Cycle, in days.\n\nThe formula for sheep and goats, adapted from Equation 10.9 in the IPCC (2019) report, is:\n\n$$NE_l = \\text{Milk} \\times EV_{\\text{milk}} \\times \\frac{\\text{Fat}}{\\text{standardFat}} \\times \\text{animal.value} \\times \\text{cycleDuration}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $NE_l$ = the net energy used for lactation, in MJ per animal category per Cycle;\n- $\\text{Milk}$ = the average daily quantity of milk produced, in kg per animal per day;\n- $EV_{\\text{milk}}$ = the amount of energy required to produce 1 kg of milk, set to 4.6 MJ/kg for sheep and 3 MJ/kg for goats;\n- $\\text{Fat}$ = the fat content of the milk, in percentage (i.e. if 5% use 5);\n- $\\text{standardFat}$ = the standardised fat content of the milk, set to 7% for sheep and 3.8% for goats, in percentage (i.e. if 7% use 7);\n- $\\text{animal.value}$ = the average number of animals in each category;\n- $\\text{cycleDuration}$ = the duration of the Cycle, in days.\n\nIn both cases, NE<sub>l</sub> is directly proportional to the quantity of milk produced (producing more milk requires more energy) and to its fat content (as synthesising fat requires more energy than synthesising other macronutrients). \n\nThe following Table maps each element in the equation to a HESTIA lookup or Term; it also highlights data requirements and available gap-fills:\n\n| Element       | Type        | Required terms                                                                                                                                                                                      | Gap-fill available                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |\n|---------------|-------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| Milk          | Variable    | \"Milk yield per animal\" practice to be added to each Animal in the Animal node (e.g., [Milk yield per cow](/term/milkYieldPerCowRaw) or [Milk yield per sheep (FPCM)](/term/milkYieldPerCowFpcm)).  | Gap-filled by HESTIA if \"Milk\" is added as a Product (see [Milk yield - HESTIA model](/guide/hestia-milkYield#HESTIA)). Otherwise gap-filled based on IPCC (2019) default values. See [Milk yield per animal - IPCC (2019) model](/guide/animal-milkYieldPerAnimal#IPCC%20(2019)). |\n| Fat           | Variable    | [Fat content](/term/fatContent) to be added as a Property to the \"Milk yield per animal\" practice. Not needed if \"Milk yield per animal\" is in kg FPCM (fat protein corrected milk).                | Yes, based on IPCC (2019) default values. See [Fat content - IPCC (2019) model](/guide/fatContent#IPCC%20(2019)).                                                                                                                                                                          |\n| EV<sub>milk</sub>       | Coefficient | None. Stored in the `mjKgEvMilkIpcc2019` lookup (`animalManagement` glossary).                                                                                                                | -                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |\n| animal.value  | Variable    | Average number of animals (calculated as a time-weighted average during the Cycle) to be specified for each Animal in the Animal node, using the [value](/schema/Animal#value) field.               | -                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |\n| cycleDuration | Variable    | [cycleDuration](/schema/Cycle#cycleDuration) field to be added.                                                                                                                                     | 365 days used as default.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |\n\n#### Net Energy for work (NE<sub>work</sub>)\n\nNet energy requirements for work are calculated using the following formula for all animals, adapted from Equation 10.11 of the IPCC (2019) report:\n\n$$NE_{\\text{work}} = 0.10 \\times NE_m \\times \\text{Hours}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $NE_{\\text{work}}$ = the net energy used for work, in MJ per animal category per Cycle;\n- $NE_m$ = the net energy used for maintenance, in MJ per animal category per Cycle;\n- $\\text{Hours}$ = the average number of hours worked per day, in hours per day.\n\nThe formula assumes that if the animal works an average of one hour each day, it will consume 10% of the net energy for maintenance in total during the Cycle. \n\nThe following Table maps each element in the equation to a HESTIA lookup or Term; it also highlights data requirements and available gap-fills:\n\n| Element       | Type     | Required terms                                                                                    | Gap-fill available                                                                                                  |\n|---------------|----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| Ne<sub>m</sub>          | Variable | See Ne_m equation.                                                                                  | -                                                                                                                   |\n| Hours         | Variable | [Hours worked per day](/term/hoursWorkedPerDay) property to be added to each Animal in the Animal node. | Yes, based on IPCC (2019) default values. See [Hours worked per day - IPCC (2019) model](/guide/hoursWorkedPerDay#IPCC%20(2019)). |\n\n#### Net energy for pregnancy (NE<sub>p</sub>)\n\nNet energy for pregnancy is calculated using the following equation for all animals:\n\n$$NE_p = C_{\\text{pregnancy}} \\times NE_m \\times \\text{pregnancyRateTotal}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $NE_p$ = the net energy used for pregnancy, in MJ per animal category per Cycle;\n- $C_{\\text{pregnancy}}$ = pregnancy coefficient, dimensionless (see Table 10.7 in the IPCC (2019) report);\n- $NE_m$ = the net energy used for maintenance, in MJ per animal category per Cycle;\n- $\\text{pregnancyRateTotal}$ = the animals in each category who are in pregnant state, as fraction of 1 (i.e. if 80% use 0.8).\n\nThe amount of energy required to sustain a pregnancy is directly proportional to the net energy for maintenance. C<sub>pregnancy</sub> is a constant that changes based on the animal type. For cattle and buffalo, it is set to 0.1 (meaning that NE<sub>p</sub> is 10% of NE<sub>m</sub>), while for sheep and goats it varies based on the number of lambs or kids delivered. \n\nThe following Table maps each element in the equation to a HESTIA lookup or Term; it also highlights data requirements and available gap-fills:\n\n| Element               | Type        | Required terms                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | Gap-fill available                                                                                                                    |\n|-----------------------|-------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| NE<sub>m</sub>                 | Variable    | See Nem equation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | -                                                                                                                                     |\n| C<sub>pregnancy</sub>           | Coefficient | Stored in the `ratioCPregnancyNetEnergyPregnancyIpcc2019` lookup, in the `liveAnimal` glossary. For sheep and goats, [Animals delivered per Cycle](/term/animalsDeliveredPerCycle) property to be added to each Animal in the Animal node (for females in their reproductive age). | -                                                                                                                                     |\n| `pregnanacyRateTotal` | Variable    | [Pregnancy rate (total)](/term/pregnancyRateTotal) property to be added to each Animal in the Animal node (for females in their reproductive age).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | Yes, based on IPCC (2019) default values. See [Pregnanacy rate (total) - IPCC (2019) model](/guide/pregnancyRateTotal#IPCC20%(2019)). |\n\n#### Net energy for growth (NE<sub>g</sub>)\n\nNet energy for growth is estimated using two different equations, depending on the animal type. \n\nThe equation for cattle and buffalo, adapted from Equation 10.6 in the IPCC (2019) report, is as follows:\n\n$$NE_g = 22.02 \\times \\left( \\frac{BW}{C \\times MW} \\right)^{0.75} \\times WG^{1.097} \\times \\text{animal.value} \\times \\text{cycleDuration}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $NE_g$ = the net energy used for growth, in MJ per animal category Cycle;\n- $BW$ = the average live weight of the animal, in kg;\n- $C$ = a coefficient with a value of 0.8 for females, 1 for castrates, and 1.2 for bulls;\n- $MW$ = the mature weight of the animal, i.e. the body weight at which skeletal development is complete, in kg;\n- $WG$ = the average daily weight gain of the animal, in kg per animal per day;\n- $\\text{animal.value}$ = the average number of animals in each category;\n- $\\text{cycleDuration}$ = the duration of the Cycle, in days.\n\nThe energy for growth is directly proportional to the live weight gain: the more weight an animal gains, the higher is the energy spent. \n\nThe following Table maps each element in the equation to a HESTIA lookup or Term; it also highlights data requirements and available gap-fills:\n\n| Element       | Type        | Required terms                                                                                                                                                                         | Gap-fill available                                                                                                                      |\n|---------------|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| BW            | Variable    | [Liveweight per head](/term/liveweightPerHead) property to be added to each Animal in the Animal node.                                                         | Yes, based on IPCC (2019) default values. See [Liveweight per head - IPCC (2019) model](/guide/animal-liveweightPerHead#IPCC%20(2019)). |\n| C             | Coefficient | None, stored in the `ratioCNetEnergyGrowthCattleBuffaloIpcc2019` lookup (`liveAnimal` glossary).                                                                                 | -                                                                                                                                       |\n| MW            | Variable    | [Weight at maturity](/term/weightAtMaturity) property to be added to each Animal in the Animal node.                                                                                   | Yes, based on IPCC (2019) default values. See [Weight at maturity - IPCC (2019) model](/guide/weightAtMaturity#IPCC%20(2019)).          |\n| WG            | Variable    | [Liveweight gain](/term/liveweightGain) property to be added to each Animal in the Animal node.                                                                                        | Yes, based on IPCC (2019) default values. See [Liveweigth gain - IPCC (2019) model](/guide/liveweightGain#IPCC%20(2019)).               |\n| animal.value  | Variable    | Average number of animals (calculated as a time-weighted average during the Cycle) to be specified for each Animal in the Animal node, using the [value](/schema/Animal#value) field.  | -                                                                                                                                       |\n| cycleDuration | Variable    | [cycleDuration](/schema/Cycle#cycleDuration) field to be added.                                                                                                                        | 365 days used as default.                                                                                                               |            |\n\nThe equation for sheep and goats, adapted from Equation 10.7 in the IPCC (2019) report, is:\n\n$$NE_g = \\frac{WG_{\\text{lamb/kid}} \\times \\left(a + 0.5 \\times b \\times (BW_i + BW_f)\\right)}{365} \\times \\text{animal.value} \\times \\text{cycleDuration}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $NE_g$ = the net energy used for growth, in MJ per animal category per Cycle;\n- $WG_{\\text{lamb/kid}}$ = the weight gained (BW_f - BW_i), in kg per Cycle;\n- $a$ & $b$ = empirical constants that vary with the animal species/category (see Table 10.6 in the IPCC (2019) report);\n- $BW_i$ = the live weight at weaning, in kg;\n- $BW_f$ = the body weight at one year (or at slaughter if slaughtered before), in kg;\n- $\\text{animal.value}$ = the average number of animals in each category;\n- $\\text{cycleDuration}$ = the duration of the Cycle, in days.\n\nAs with cattle and buffalo, energy for growth is directly proportional to the live weight gain. \n\nThe following Table maps each element in the equation to a HESTIA lookup or Term; it also highlights data requirements and available gap-fills:\n\n| Element       | Type        | Required terms                                                                                                                                                                         | Gap-fill available        |\n|---------------|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------|\n| a & b         | Coefficient | None, stored in the `mjKgABNetEnergyGrowthSheepGoatsIpcc2019` lookup (`liveAnimal` glossary).                                                                                    | -                         |\n| BW_i          | Variable | [Weight at weaning](/term/weightAtWeaning) property to be added to each lamb/kid in the Animal node.                                                                                   | -                         |\n| BW<sub>f</sub>          | Variable    | [Weight at one year](/term/weightAtOneYear) and/or [Weight at slaughter](/term/weightAtOneYear) property to be added to each lamb/kid in the Animal node. Also add [Slaughter age](/term/slaughterAge) to ensure the right Term is chosen.                            | -                         |\n| animal.value  | Variable    | Average number of animals (calculated as a time-weighted average during the Cycle) to be specified for each Animal in the Animal node, using the [value](/schema/Animal#value) field.  | -                         |\n| cycleDuration | Variable    | [cycleDuration](/schema/Cycle#cycleDuration) field to be added.                                                                                                                        | 365 days used as default. |\n\n#### Net energy for wool production (NE<sub>wool</sub>)\n\nSheep and certain breeds of goat produce wool, a process that consumes energy. \n\nThe amount of energy consumed can be estimated using the following formula (Equation 10.12 in the IPCC (2019) report):\n\n$$NE_{\\text{wool}} = NE_{\\text{wool}} \\times Pr_{\\text{wool}}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $NE_{\\text{wool}}$ = the net energy used for wool production, in MJ per herd per Cycle;\n- $NE_{\\text{wool}}$ = the amount of energy required to produce 1 kg of wool, weighted after drying but before scouring, set to 24 MJ/kg;\n- $Pr_{\\text{wool}}$ = quantity of wool produced, in kg per Cycle.\n\nNE<sub>wool</sub> increases proportionally with the quantity of wool produced. \n\nThe following Table maps each element in the equation to a HESTIA lookup or Term; it also highlights data requirements and available gap-fills:\n\n| Element | Type        | Required terms                                                                                                                                     | Gap-fill available |\n|---------|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|\n| EV<sub>wool</sub> | Coefficient | None, stored in the `mjKgEvWoolNetEnergyWoolIpcc2019` lookup (`animalProduct` glossary).                                                     | -                  |\n| Pr<sub>wool</sub> | Variable    | [Wool, sheep (greasy)](/term/woolSheepGreasy) and/or [Wool, goat (greasy)](/term/woolGoatGreasy) to be added to the Products section of the Cycle. | -                  |\n\n## 2. Quantifying the energy provided by additional feeds\n\nUnless animals are 100% pasture fed, part of the net energy they need will come from additional feeds (e.g., hay, straw, or concentrates). \n\nThe net energy provided by each feed is quantified in two steps:\n\n1. The feed gross energy is multiplied by its energy digestibily to estimate digestible energy. \n2. The feed digestible energy is converted to net energy for maintenance and net energy for growth.\n\nFinally, the values obtained for each feed are summed up. \n\n### Feed digestible energy\n\nThe formula to calculate digestible energy from gross energy is:\n\n$$DE_{\\text{feed}} = \\text{energyContentHigherHeatingValue} \\times \\text{energyDigestibilityRuminants} \\times \\text{animalFeed.value}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $DE_{\\text{feed}}$ = the total digestible energy provided by the feed, in MJ;\n- $\\text{energyContentHigherHeatingValue}$ = the gross energy of the feed, in MJ per kg;\n- $\\text{energyDigestibilityRuminants}$ = the share of gross energy that is digested, as fraction of 1 (i.e., if 80% use 0.8);\n- $\\text{animalFeed.value}$ = the amount of feed fed to animals during the Cycle, in kg.\n\n### Feed net energy for maintenance\n\nThe formula for estimating the net energy available for maintenance purposes is: \n\n$$\n\\text{NEm}_{\\text{feed}} = DE_{\\text{feed}} \\times REM\n$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $\\text{NEm}_{\\text{feed}}$ = the feed energy that can be used for maintenance purposes (maintenance, activity, lactation, work, and pregnancy), in MJ;\n- $DE_{\\text{feed}}$ = the total digestible energy provided by the feed, in MJ;\n- $REM$ = the ratio of net energy for maintenance to digestible energy.\n\nREM is calculated using the following equation (Equation 10.14 of the IPCC (2019) report):\n\n$$REM = 1.123 + 4.092 \\times 10^{-3} \\times DE + 1.126 \\times 10^{-5} \\times DE^2 - \\frac{25.4}{DE}$$\n\nWhere: \n\n- $REM$ = ratio of net energy available for maintenance to digestible energy;\n- $DE$ = `Energy digestibility, ruminants`, as percentage (i.e., if 80% use 80).\n\n### Feed net energy for growth \n\nThe formula for estimating the net energy available for growth purposes is: \n\n$$\n\\text{NEg}_{\\text{feed}} = DE_{\\text{feed}} \\times REG\n$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $\\text{NEg}_{\\text{feed}}$ = the feed energy that can be used for growth purposes (growth and wool production), in MJ;\n- $DE_{\\text{feed}}$ = the total digestible energy provided by the feed, in MJ;\n- $REG$ = the ratio of net energy for growth to digestible energy.\n\nREG is calculated using the following equation (Equation 10.15 of the IPCC (2019) report):\n\n$$REG = 1.164 + 5.16 \\times 10^{-3} \\times DE + 1.308 \\times 10^{-5} \\times DE^2 - \\frac{37.4}{DE}$$\n\nWhere: \n\n- $REG$ = ratio of net energy available for growth to digestible energy;\n- $DE$ = `Energy digestibility, ruminants`, as percentage (i.e., if 80% use 80).\n\nThe following Table maps each element in these equations to a HESTIA lookup or Term; it also highlights data requirements and available gap-fills:\n\n| Element                         | Type     | Required terms                                                                                                                                                            | Gap-fill available                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |\n|---------------------------------|----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| animalFeed.value                | Variable | Quantity to be specified for each Input with [isAnimalFeed](/schema/Input#isAnimalFeed) = True, using the [value](/schema/Input#value) field.                             | -                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |\n| energyContentHigherHeatingValue | Variable | [Energy content (higher heating value)](/term/energyContentHigherHeatingValue) Property to be added to each Input with [isAnimalFeed](/schema/Input#isAnimalFeed) = True. | Values from [Feedipedia](https://www.feedipedia.org/node/8336) are used. These values are stored in the `crop-property-lookup.csv` and `processedFood-property-lookup.csv` files. For feeds not in Feedipedia, values are taken from other sources and stored in the `crop-propertyDefault-lookup.csv`, `feedFoodAdditive-propertyDefault-lookup.csv`and `feedFoodAdditive-propertyDefault-lookup.csv` files. |\n| energyDigestibilityRuminants    | Variable | [Energy digestibility, ruminants](/term/energyDigestibilityRuminants) Property to be added to each Input with [isAnimalFeed](/schema/Input#isAnimalFeed) = True.       | Values from [Feedipedia](https://www.feedipedia.org/node/8336) are used. These values are stored in the `crop-property-lookup.csv` and `processedFood-property-lookup.csv` files. For feeds not in Feedipedia, values are taken from other sources and stored in the `crop-propertyDefault-lookup.csv`, `feedFoodAdditive-propertyDefault-lookup.csv`and `feedFoodAdditive-propertyDefault-lookup.csv` files.|\n\n## 3. Calculating the amount of grass that satisfies residual energy requirements\n\nResidual gross energy requirements are back-calculated after subtracting the net energy from feed from the total net energy requirements of the herd. Before doing that, to avoid double-counting, NEm<sub>feed</sub> and NEg<sub>feed</sub> values have to be corrected. Finally, the amount of grass that needs to be grazed in order to meet gross energy requirements is quantified. \n\n### Gross energy formula (no feed)\n\nEquation 10.16 in the IPCC (2019) report back-calculates gross energy from net energy as follows:\n\n$$GE = \\frac{\\frac{NE_m + NE_a + NE_l + NE_{\\text{work}} + NE_p}{REM} + \\frac{NE_g + NE_{\\text{wool}}}{REG}}{DE}$$\n\nWhere:\n- $GE$ = the total gross energy requirements of the herd, in MJ per Cycle\n- $NE_m$ = the total net energy used for maintenance, in MJ per Cycle\n- $NE_a$ = the total net energy used for activity, in MJ per Cycle\n- $NE_l$ = the total net energy used for lactation, in MJ per Cycle\n- $NE_{\\text{work}}$ = the total net energy used for work, in MJ per Cycle\n- $NE_p$ = the total net energy used for pregnancy, in MJ per Cycle\n- $REM$ = ratio of net energy available for maintenance to digestible energy (of the pasture grass mix)\n- $NE_g$ = the total net energy used for growth, in MJ per Cycle\n- $NE_{\\text{wool}}$ = the total net energy used for wool production, in MJ per Cycle\n- $REG$ = ratio of net energy available for growth to digestible energy (of the pasture grass mix)\n- $DE$ = the `energyDigestibilityRuminants` of the pasture grass mix, as fraction of 1 (i.e., if 80% use 0.8)\n\nThis is illustrated in Figure 1:\n\n![Gross energy formula, no additional feed](/assets/pastureGrass-figure1.png)\n\n### NEm<sub>feed</sub> and NEg<sub>feed</sub> correction\n\nThe net energy provided by feeds has to be subtracted from the net energy requirements for maintenance and growth, as illustrated in Figure 2:\n\n![Gross energy formula, with additional feed](/assets/pastureGrass-figure2.png)\n\nBy doing this, though, feed energy is double-counted. This happens because, when estimating feed net energy, we used the total digestible energy of the feed as a starting point to calculate both NEm<sub>feed</sub> and NEg<sub>feed</sub>, assuming the same DE could result in both (see Figure 3).\n\n![NNEm<sub>feed</sub> and NEg<sub>feed</sub> calculations](/assets/pastureGrass-figure3.png)\n\n In the IPCC (2019) Equation, on the contrary, two amounts of digestible energy are calculated, one from NE for maintenance purposes (using REM) and one from NE for growth purposes (using REG). The two amounts are then summed up before conversion to GE (see Figure 1 and 2).\n\nTo correct NEm<sub>feed</sub> and NEg<sub>feed</sub> and avoid double-counting, HESTIA uses the ratio between the total NEm requirements of the herd (NE<sub>m</sub> + NE<sub>a</sub> + NE<sub>l</sub> + NE<sub>work</sub> + NE<sub>p</sub>) and the total NEg requirements of the herd (NE<sub>g</sub> + NE<sub>wool)</sub>. For example, if animals' total net energy requirements are 80% for maintenance and 20% for growth, HESTIA assumes that 80% of feed energy will be used for maintenance and 20% will be used for growth. \n\nThe formula to correct NEm<sub>feed</sub> is:\n\n$$\\text{NEm}_{feed(corrected)} = \\text{NEm}_{feed} \\times \\frac{\\text{NE requirements for maintenance purposes}}{\\text{total NE requirements}}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $\\text{NEm}_{feed(corrected)}$ = the feed energy that can be used for maintenance purposes, in MJ (after correction);\n- $\\text{NEm}_{feed}$ = the feed energy that can be used for maintenance purposes, in MJ (before correction);\n- $\\text{NE requirements for maintenance purposes}$ = NE<sub>m</sub> + NE<sub>a</sub> + NE<sub>l</sub> + NE<sub>work</sub> + NE<sub>p</sub> in MJ per Cycle;\n- $\\text{total NE requirements}$ = NE<sub>m</sub> + NE<sub>a</sub> + NE<sub>l</sub> + NE<sub>work</sub> + NE<sub>p</sub> + NE<sub>g</sub> + NE<sub>wool</sub> in MJ per Cycle.\n\nThe formula to correct NEg_<sub>feed</sub> is:\n\n$$\\text{NEg}_{feed(corrected)} = \\text{NEg}_{feed} \\times \\frac{\\text{NE requirements for growth purposes}}{\\text{total NE requirements}}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $\\text{NEg}_{feed(corrected)}$ = the feed energy that can be used for growth purposes, in MJ (after correction);\n- $\\text{NEg}_{feed}$ = the feed energy that can be used for growth purposes, in MJ (before correction);\n- $\\text{NE requirements for growth purposes}$ = NE<sub>g</sub> + NE<sub>wool</sub> in MJ per Cycle;\n- $\\text{total NE requirements}$ = NE<sub>m</sub> + NE<sub>a</sub> + NE<sub>l</sub> + NE<sub>work</sub> + NE<sub>p</sub> + NE<sub>g</sub> + NE<sub>wool</sub> in MJ per Cycle.\n\n### Residual gross energy calculation\n\nNow that net energy values from feed have been corrected, Equation 10.16 from the IPCC (2019) report can be adapted as follows:\n\n$$GE = \\frac{\\frac{NE_m + NE_a + NE_l + NE_{\\text{work}} + NE_p - \\text{NEm}_{\\text{feed(corrected)}}}{REM} + \\frac{NE_g + NE_{\\text{wool}} - \\text{NEg}_{\\text{feed(corrected)}}}{REG}}{DE}$$\n\nWhere:\n- $GE$ = the gross energy requirements to be met through grazing, in MJ per Cycle;\n- $NE_m$ = the total net energy used for maintenance, in MJ per Cycle;\n- $NE_a$ = the total net energy used for activity, in MJ per Cycle;\n- $NE_l$ = the total net energy used for lactation, in MJ per Cycle;\n- $NE_{\\text{work}}$ = the total net energy used for work, in MJ per Cycle;\n- $NE_p$ = the total net energy used for pregnancy, in MJ per Cycle;\n- $\\text{NEm}_{\\text{feed(corrected)}}$ = the feed energy that can be used for maintenance purposes, in MJ (after correction);\n- $REM$ = ratio of net energy available for maintenance to digestible energy (of the pasture grass mix);\n- $NE_g$ = the total net energy used for growth, in MJ per Cycle;\n- $NE_{\\text{wool}}$ = the total net energy used for wool production, in MJ per Cycle;\n- $\\text{NEg}_{\\text{feed(corrected)}}$ = the feed energy that can be used for growth purposes, in MJ (after correction);\n- $REG$ = ratio of net energy available for growth to digestible energy (of the pasture grass mix);\n- $DE$ = the average `energyDigestibilityRuminants` of the pasture grass mix, weighted based on % area covered, as fraction of 1 (i.e. if 80% use 0.8).\n\n### Quantity of grass grazed\n\nOnce the amount of gross energy to be met through grazing is known, the amount of grass to be grazed can be calculated using the average gross energy content of the pasture grass mix. If multiple grasses are grazed, the result can be split using the percentage area covered by each species.  \n\nThe formula is: \n\n$$\\text{Grass}_n = \\frac{GE}{\\text{Energy content (higher heating value)}} \\times \\text{pastureGrass.value}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $\\text{Grass}_n$ =  the amount of grass species n that is grazed, in kg per Cycle;\n- $GE$ = the gross energy requirements to be met through grazing, in MJ per Cycle;\n- $\\text{Energy content (higher heating value)}$ = the average gross energy of the pasture grass mix, weighted based on % area covered, in MJ per kg;\n- $\\text{pastureGrass.value}$ = the area covered by grass species n, in percentage.\n\nThe following Table maps each element in the equation to a HESTIA lookup or Term; it also highlights data requirements and available gap-fills:\n\n| Element                         | Type     | Required terms                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Gap-fill available                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |\n|---------------------------------|----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| pastureGrass.value              | Variable | [Pasture grass](/term/pastureGrass) Term to be added to the Practice section of the Cycle, with a Term from the `landCover` glossary specified as [key](/schema/Practice#key) and a `value` equal to the percentage area covered. | [Generic grass plant](/term/genericGrassPlant) is used. See [Pasture grass - HESTIA model](/guide/hestia-pastureGrass#HESTIA). |\n| energyContentHigherHeatingValue | Variable | [Energy content (higher heating value)](/term/energyContentHigherHeatingValue) Property to be added to each [Pasture grass](/term/pastureGrass) Term.                                                                    | Values from [Feedipedia](https://www.feedipedia.org/node/8336) are used. These values are stored in the `forage-property-lookup.csv` file.                                                                                          |\n| energyDigestibilityRuminants    | Variable | [Energy digestibility, ruminants](/term/energyDigestibilityRuminants) Property to be added to each [Pasture grass](/term/pastureGrass) Term.                                                                             | Values from [Feedipedia](https://www.feedipedia.org/node/8717) are used. These values are stored in the `forage-property-lookup.csv` file.                                                                                          |\n\n## Summary of all requirements:\n\n### Animals\nThe model runs only if [completeness.animalPopulation](/schema/Completeness#animalPopulation) is `True`. This means that the number of animals in each category must be specificied using the [value](/schema/Animal#value) field. \n\nTo ensure net energy for activity is accurate, we recommend adding one or more Terms from the `system` glossary in the Cycle Practices section, with a `value`. The relevant systems are:\n- [Indoor animal system](/term/indoorAnimalSystem)\n- [Barn system](/term/barnSystem)\n- [Feedlot system](/term/feedlotSystem) \n- [Confined pasture system](/term/confinedPastureSystem)\n- [Hilly pasture system](/term/hillyPastureSystem)\n- [Open range system](/term/openRangeSystem).\n\nThe following Table lists all the required Terms for cattle and buffaloes:\n\n| Required terms                                                                         | Gap-fill available | Type                   | Notes                                     |\n|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|------------------------|-------------------------------------------|\n| [Liveweight per head](/term/liveweightPerHead)                                         | ✅                  | Property               | -                                         |\n| [Liveweight gain](/term/liveweightGain)                                                | ✅                  | Property               | -                                         |\n| [Weight at maturity](/term/weightAtMaturity)                                           | ✅                  | Property               | -                                         |\n| [Pregnancy rate (total)](/term/pregnancyRateTotal)                                     | ✅                  | Property               | For female animals in reproductive age    |\n| [Hours worked per day](/term/hoursWorkedPerDay)                                        | ✅                  | Property               | -                                         |\n| \"Milk yield per animal\"  Term, e.g., [Milk yield per cow (raw)](/term/milkYieldPerCow) | ✅                  | Practice               | For lactating animals                     |\n| [Fat content](/term/fatContent)                                                        | ✅                  | Property (of Practice) | To attach to \"Milk yield per animal\" Term |\n\nThe following Table lists all required Terms for sheep and goats:\n\n| Required Term                                                                                  | Gap-fill available | Type     | Notes                                  |\n|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|----------|----------------------------------------|\n| [Liveweight per head](/term/liveweightPerHead)                                                   | ✅                  | Property | -                                      |\n| [Pregnancy rate (total)](/term/pregnancyRateTotal)                                               | ✅                  | Property | For female animals in reproductive age |\n|  [Animals delivered per Cycle](/term/animalsDeliveredPerCycle)                                   | ❌                  | Property | For female animals in reproductive age |\n| [Hours worked per day](/term/hoursWorkedPerDay)                                                  | ✅                  | Property | -                                      |\n| \"Milk yield per animal\"  Term, e.g., [Milk yield per cow (raw)](/term/milkYieldPerCow)           | ✅                  | Practice | For lactating animals                  |\n| [Weight at weaning](/term/weightAtWeaning)                                                       | ❌                  | Property | For lambs/kids                         |\n| [Weight at one year](/term/weightAtWeaning)                                                      | ❌                  | Property | For lambs/kids                         |\n| [Weight at slaughter](/term/weightAtSlaughter)                                                   | ❌                  | Property | For lambs/kids                         |\n| [Slaughter age](/term/slaughterAge)                                                              | ❌                  | Property | For lambs/kids                         |\n| [Wool, sheep (greasy)](/term/woolSheepGreasy) and/or [Wool, goat (greasy)](/term/woolGoatGreasy) | ❌                  | Product  | Add as a product of the Cycle          |\n\n### Animal feed\nThe model runs only if [animalFeed.completeness](/schema/Completeness#animalFeed) is `True`. All Inputs fed to animals have to be tagged with the field [isAnimalFeed](/schema/Input#isAnimalFeed) = `True` and their quantity specified using the `value` field. They can be added either to the Cycle node or the Animal blank node. \n\nThe following properties can be added to each feed.\n\n| Required Term                                                                 | Gap-fill available | Type     | Notes                                  |\n|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|----------|----------------------------------------|\n| [Energy content (higher heating value)](/term/energyContentHigherHeatingValue) | ✅                  | Property | Taken from Feedipedia if not specified |\n| [Energy digestibility, ruminants](/term/energyDigestibilityRuminants)          | ✅                  | Property | Taken from Feedipedia if not specified |\n\n### Pasture grass\nTo ensure the model is accurate, we recommend specifying the grass species available on pasture in the Cycle Practice section. Use the [Pasture grass](/term/pastureGrass) Term, with a Term from the `landCover` glossary specified as [key](/schema/Practice#key) and a `value` equal to the area covered in percentage. If multiple species are grown, [Pasture grass](/term/pastureGrass) can be added multiple times, each with a different [key](/schema/Practice#key). \n\nThe following properties can be added to each [Pasture grass](/term/pastureGrass):\n| Required Term                                                                 | Gap-fill available | Type     | Notes                                  |\n|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|----------|----------------------------------------|\n| [Energy content (higher heating value)](/term/energyContentHigherHeatingValue) | ✅                  | Property | Taken from Feedipedia if not specified |\n| [Energy digestibility, ruminants](/term/energyDigestibilityRuminants)          | ✅                  | Property  | Taken from Feedipedia if not specified |\n\n\n\n\n\n"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleInputs/ipcc2019-pastureGrass/ipcc2019.json

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+{"tags":{"author":["Valentina Caldart"],"contributor":["Guillaume Royer"],"group":["Cycle: Inputs"],"tab":["IPCC (2019)"],"citation":["[IPCC (2019) 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Volume 4: Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use. Chapter 10: Emissions from Livestock and Manure Management.](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch10_Livestock.pdf)~/modelId ~pastureGrass"],"modelRequires":["animalFeed","animalPopulation","freshForage","pastureGrass","neutralDetergentFibreContent","energyContentHigherHeatingValue","energyDigestibilityRuminants","liveweightPerHead","weightAtMaturity","hoursWorkedPerDay","pregnancyRateTotal","animalsPerBirth","fatContent","animalProduct"]},"content":"# Pasture Grass\n\n## Overview\n\n### Goal and importance of the model\n\nThis model estimates the quantity of grass grazed by ruminant animals while on pasture, which is an essential step in estimating the amount of enteric methane released into the atmosphere (see [CH4, to air, enteric fermentation](/guide/ch4ToAirEntericFermentation#IPCC%20(2019))).\n\n### Cycle level model vs Animal level model\n\nIn HESTIA, two variations of the pasture grass model are available:\n- a model that runs at the Cycle level, adding the total amount of grass grazed by the entire herd to the Inputs section of the Cycle node;\n- a model that runs at the Animal level, adding the quantity of grass grazed by each Animal to the Inputs section of the Animal blank node. \n\nThe Cycle model runs when 1) animals receive additional feed; and 2) one or more of the feeds are recorded in the Inputs section of the Cycle. The Animal level model runs when no Inputs with [isAnimalFeed](/schema/Input#isAnimalFeed) = `True` are recorded at the Cycle level.\n\nThe present page focuses on the Cycle level model. The Animal level model is discussed in the [Cycle:Animals - Pasture grass](/guide/animal-pastureGrass#IPCC%20(2019)) page. \n\n### Main steps\n\nThe model works in three steps:\n\n1. the energy requirements of the animals are estimated;\n2. the energy derived from additional feeds is quantified;\n3. the amount of grass that provides the residual energy is calculated.\n\nThe underlying assumption is that, when let free to graze as much as they want, animals will eat according to their energy needs, without undereating or overeating.\n\n## 1. Estimating animals’ energy requirements\n\n### Understanding energy \n\nTo fully understand the model, it is useful to familiarise with different energy concepts. \n\nHere’s a summary table, followed by a more detailed explanation. \n\n| Abbreviation | Full name            | Definition                                                                                      | Formula                           | \n|--------------|----------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|\n| GE           | Gross Energy         | The total energy contained in the feed.                                                         | Calculated using a bomb calorimeter.|\n| DE           | Digestible Energy    | The energy that is digested.                                                                    | GE - energy lost in feces.        |\n| ME           | Metabolisable Energy | The energy that is absorbed into the bloodstream and reaches tissues after pre-systemic metabolism in the liver. | DE - energy lost with gaseous emissions - energy lost in urine. |\n| NE           | Net Energy           | The energy remaining after conversion to ATP, available for maintenance or growth purposes. | ME - energy lost as heat.|\n\nThe term gross energy (GE) refers to the energy released as heat when a compound is completely combusted by oxygen in a bomb calorimeter. In other words, it is the total amount of energy contained in a food or feed item.\n\nLiving beings, though, are not bomb calorimeters. Gross energy is partially indigestible: food or feed components can't be entirely broken down by the digestive system and a fraction is expelled through feces. The percentage of digestible energy (DE) is determined by:\n- the nutritional composition of the item (e.g., DE decreases when fiber content increases);\n- physiology (e.g., ruminants digest fiber much more effectively than pigs, chickens, and humans, thanks to the cellulose-breaking microorganisms living in their stomach).\n\nNot all digestible energy is absorbed by the organism and made available to cells. For example, in ruminants, 4 to 8% of feed energy is lost as methane after cellulose fermentation in the rumen. Before reaching system circulation, molecules absorbed in the gastro-intestinal tract are metabolised in the liver, which, among other things, converts excess amino acids into urea, which is then excreted via the urinary tract. The percentage of metabolisable energy (ME) decreases when fiber and protein content increase. \n\nOnce in the cells, nutrients are broken-down. The energy released is stored in a molecule called adenosine-triphosphate (ATP), which is then used as a source of energy for other cellular processes. This energy conversion is not particularly efficient and a lot of energy (58% in humans) is lost as heat. The usable energy that remains after accounting for all losses is called net energy (NE) and can be used by tissues for either maintenance or growth.\n\n### Estimating net energy requirements\n\nThe model starts by estimating the amount of net energy animals use for the following purposes:\n\n| Abbreviation | Full name                      | Definition                                                                                                                   |\n|--------------|--------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| NE<sub>m </sub>         | Net Energy for maintenance     | The net energy required for basal metabolism, i.e. to stay alive at rest. This includes energy used for breathing, pumping blood throughout the body, and standing. |\n| NE<sub>a</sub>         | Net Energy for activity        | The net energy required to perform physical movements, e.g., to graze.                                                            |\n| NE<sub>l</sub>          | Net Energy for lactation       | The net energy required to produce milk.                                                                                     |\n| NE<sub>work</sub>       | Net Energy for work            | The net energy required to execute work tasks, e.g., to pull a plough.                                                       |\n| NE<sub>p</sub>          | Net Energy for pregnancy       | The net energy required to sustain the growth and metabolism of the fetus, placenta, and maternal tissues.                   |\n| NE<sub>g</sub>          | Net Energy for growth          | The net energy required to grow and reach adult weight. This includes the energy needed for skeleton, muscles, and organs development.   |\n| NE<sub>wool</sub>       | Net Energy for wool production | The net energy required to produce wool.                                                                                     |\n\nNet energy requirements are calculated separately for each animal category in the Animal node and then summed up. For example, NEm is estimated separately for `Beef cattle, cow` and `Beef cattle, bull`; the herd's NEm requirements are then calculated by summing up individual needs. The only exception is NEwool, for which total herd's requirements are calculated directly.  \n\n#### Net Energy for maintenance (NE<sub>m</sub>)\n\nNE<sub>m</sub> is estimated using the following equation, adapted from Equation 10.3 in the IPCC (2019) report:\n\n$$NE_m = \\text{Cf}_{\\text{i}} \\times \\text{weight}^{0.75} \\times \\text{animal.value} \\times \\text{cycleDuration}$$\n\nWhere: \n\n- $NE_m$ = the net energy used for maintenance, in MJ per animal category per Cycle;\n- $\\text{Cf}_{\\text{i}}$ = coefficient which varies for each animal category, in MJ per kg per day (see Table 10.4 in the IPCC (2019) report);\n- $\\text{weight}$ = the average live body weight of the animal, in kg;\n- $\\text{animal.value}$ = the average number of animals in each category;\n- $\\text{cycleDuration}$ = the duration of the Cycle, in days.\n\nNE<sub>m</sub> is directly proportional to the weight of the animal. If an animal is bigger, it needs more energy to function (e.g., its muscles need more energy to sustain the weight while standing). The Cf<sub>i</sub> coefficient changes based on the animal species, gender, and “status”. For example, it is higher in intact males and lactating females, due to hormones increasing the basal metabolic rate. \n\nThe following Table maps each element in the equation to a HESTIA lookup or Term; it also highlights data requirements and available gap-fills:\n\n| Element       | Type        | Required terms                                                                                                                                                                         | Gap-fill available                                                                                                                      |\n|---------------|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| Cf<sub>i</sub>          | Coefficient | None, the value is stored in the `mjDayKgCfiNetEnergyMaintenanceIpcc2019` lookup (`liveAnimal` glossary).                                                                               | -                                                                                                                                       |\n| weight        | Variable    | [Liveweight per head](/term/liveweightPerHead) property to be added to each Animal in the Animal node.                                                                                 | Yes, based on IPCC (2019) default values. See [Liveweight per head - IPCC (2019) model](/guide/animal-liveweightPerHead#IPCC%20(2019)). |\n| animal.value  | Variable    | Average number of animals (calculated as a time-weighted average during the Cycle) to be specified for each Animal in the Animal node, using the [value](/schema/Animal#value) field.  | -                                                                                                                                       |\n| `cycleDuration` | Variable    | [cycleDuration](/schema/Cycle#cycleDuration) field to be added to the Cycle node.                                                                                                                        | 365 days used as default.                                                                                                               |\n\n#### Net Energy for activity (NE<sub>a</sub>)\n\nNet energy for activity is estimated using two different equations: one for cattle and buffalo, one for sheep and goats.\n\nThe equation for cattle and buffalo (Equation 10.4 in the IPCC (2019) report) is:\n\n$$NE_a = C_a \\times NE_m$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $NE_a$ = the net energy used for activity, in MJ per animal category per Cycle;\n- $C_a$ = coefficient corresponding to the animal's feeding situation, dimensionless (see Table 10.5 in the IPCC (2019) report);\n- $NE_m$ = the net energy used for maintenance, in MJ per animal category per Cycle. \n\nThe equation for sheep and goats (adapted from Equation 10.5 in the IPCC (2019) report) is:\n\n$$NE_a = C_{\\text{a}} \\times \\text{weight} \\times \\text{animal.value} \\times \\text{cycleDuration}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $NE_a$ = the net energy used for activity, in MJ per animal category per Cycle;\n- $C_{\\text{a}}$ = coefficient corresponding to the animal's feeding situation, in MJ per kg per day (see Table 10.5 in the IPCC (2019) report);\n- $\\text{weight}$ = the average live weight of the animal, in kg;\n- $\\text{animal.value}$ = the average number of animals in each category;\n- $\\text{cycleDuration}$ = the duration of the Cycle, in days.\n\nFor cattle and buffalo, NE<sub>a</sub> is directly proportional to NE<sub>m</sub>. In fact, the higher are the net energy requirements for maintenance, the higher will be the energy requirements for activity. For example, if muscles need more energy to sustain the body at rest, they will also need more energy to carry it around. For sheep and goats, NE<sub>a</sub> is directly proportional to weight, for the same reasons. \n\nThe C<sub>a</sub> coefficient varies with the feeding situation. It is higher when animals graze in vaste areas, hills, or mountains, lower when they graze in a relatively small and flat pasture. If animals are confined indoors and/or strongly limited in their movements, C<sub>a</sub> is set to zero.\n\nThe following Table maps each element in the equation to HESTIA lookup or Term; it also highlights data requirements and available gap-fills:\n\n| Element       | Type        | Required terms                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | Gap-fill available                                                                                                                      |\n|---------------|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| C<sub>a</sub>           | Coefficient | Values for different system-animal combinations are stored in the `system-liveAnimal-activityCoefficient-ipcc2019-lookup.csv` file. One or more of the following Terms from the `system` glossary should be added to the Cycle Practices section: [Indoor animal system](/term/indoorAnimalSystem), [Barn system](/term/barnSystem), [Feedlot system](/term/feedlotSystem), [Confined pasture system](/term/confinedPastureSystem), [Hilly pasture system](/term/hillyPastureSystem), [Open range system](/term/openRangeSystem).  | Yes, see [Pasture system model](/guide/hestia-pastureSystem#HESTIA). |\n| Ne<sub>m</sub>          | Variable    | See Ne<sub>m</sub> equation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         | -                                                                                                                                       |\n| weight        | Variable    | [Liveweight per head](term/liveweightPerHead) property to be added to each Animal in the Animal node.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | Yes, based on IPCC (2019) default values. See [Liveweight per head - IPCC (2019) model](/guide/animal-liveweightPerHead#IPCC%20(2019)). |\n| animal.value  | Variable    | Average number of animals (calculated as a time-weighted average during the Cycle) to be specified for each Animal in the Animal node, using the [value](/schema/Animal#value) field.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | -                                                                                                                                       |\n| cycleDuration | Variable    | [cycleDuration](/schema/Cycle#cycleDuration) field to be added.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            | 365 days used as default.                                                                                                               |\n\n#### Net Energy for lactation (NE<sub>l</sub>)\n\nDifferent formulas are used to calculate net energy requirements for lactation in different animals. \n\nThe formula for cattle and buffalo, adapted from Equation 10.8 in the IPCC (2019) report, is:\n\n$$NE_l = \\text{Milk} \\times \\left( 1.47 + 0.40 \\times \\text{Fat} \\right) \\times \\text{animal.value} \\times \\text{cycleDuration}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $NE_l$ = the net energy used for lactation, in MJ per animal category per Cycle;\n- $\\text{Milk}$ = the average daily quantity of milk produced, in kg per animal per day;\n- $\\text{Fat}$ = the fat content of the milk, in percentage (i.e. if 5% use 5);\n- $\\text{animal.value}$ = the average number of animals in each category;\n- $\\text{cycleDuration}$ = the duration of the Cycle, in days.\n\nThe formula for sheep and goats, adapted from Equation 10.9 in the IPCC (2019) report, is:\n\n$$NE_l = \\text{Milk} \\times EV_{\\text{milk}} \\times \\frac{\\text{Fat}}{\\text{standardFat}} \\times \\text{animal.value} \\times \\text{cycleDuration}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $NE_l$ = the net energy used for lactation, in MJ per animal category per Cycle;\n- $\\text{Milk}$ = the average daily quantity of milk produced, in kg per animal per day;\n- $EV_{\\text{milk}}$ = the amount of energy required to produce 1 kg of milk, set to 4.6 MJ/kg for sheep and 3 MJ/kg for goats;\n- $\\text{Fat}$ = the fat content of the milk, in percentage (i.e. if 5% use 5);\n- $\\text{standardFat}$ = the standardised fat content of the milk, set to 7% for sheep and 3.8% for goats, in percentage (i.e. if 7% use 7);\n- $\\text{animal.value}$ = the average number of animals in each category;\n- $\\text{cycleDuration}$ = the duration of the Cycle, in days.\n\nIn both cases, NE<sub>l</sub> is directly proportional to the quantity of milk produced (producing more milk requires more energy) and to its fat content (as synthesising fat requires more energy than synthesising other macronutrients). \n\nThe following Table maps each element in the equation to a HESTIA lookup or Term; it also highlights data requirements and available gap-fills:\n\n| Element       | Type        | Required terms                                                                                                                                                                                      | Gap-fill available                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |\n|---------------|-------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| Milk          | Variable    | \"Milk yield per animal\" practice to be added to each Animal in the Animal node (e.g., [Milk yield per cow](/term/milkYieldPerCowRaw) or [Milk yield per sheep (FPCM)](/term/milkYieldPerCowFpcm)).  | Gap-filled by HESTIA if \"Milk\" is added as a Product (see [Milk yield - HESTIA model](/guide/hestia-milkYield#HESTIA)). Otherwise gap-filled based on IPCC (2019) default values. See [Milk yield per animal - IPCC (2019) model](/guide/animal-milkYieldPerAnimal#IPCC%20(2019)). |\n| Fat           | Variable    | [Fat content](/term/fatContent) to be added as a Property to the \"Milk yield per animal\" practice. Not needed if \"Milk yield per animal\" is in kg FPCM (fat protein corrected milk).                | Yes, based on IPCC (2019) default values. See [Fat content - IPCC (2019) model](/guide/fatContent#IPCC%20(2019)).                                                                                                                                                                          |\n| EV<sub>milk</sub>       | Coefficient | None. Stored in the `mjKgEvMilkIpcc2019` lookup (`animalManagement` glossary).                                                                                                                | -                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |\n| animal.value  | Variable    | Average number of animals (calculated as a time-weighted average during the Cycle) to be specified for each Animal in the Animal node, using the [value](/schema/Animal#value) field.               | -                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |\n| cycleDuration | Variable    | [cycleDuration](/schema/Cycle#cycleDuration) field to be added.                                                                                                                                     | 365 days used as default.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |\n\n#### Net Energy for work (NE<sub>work</sub>)\n\nNet energy requirements for work are calculated using the following formula for all animals, adapted from Equation 10.11 of the IPCC (2019) report:\n\n$$NE_{\\text{work}} = 0.10 \\times NE_m \\times \\text{Hours}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $NE_{\\text{work}}$ = the net energy used for work, in MJ per animal category per Cycle;\n- $NE_m$ = the net energy used for maintenance, in MJ per animal category per Cycle;\n- $\\text{Hours}$ = the average number of hours worked per day, in hours per day.\n\nThe formula assumes that if the animal works an average of one hour each day, it will consume 10% of the net energy for maintenance in total during the Cycle. \n\nThe following Table maps each element in the equation to a HESTIA lookup or Term; it also highlights data requirements and available gap-fills:\n\n| Element       | Type     | Required terms                                                                                    | Gap-fill available                                                                                                  |\n|---------------|----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| Ne<sub>m</sub>          | Variable | See Ne_m equation.                                                                                  | -                                                                                                                   |\n| Hours         | Variable | [Hours worked per day](/term/hoursWorkedPerDay) property to be added to each Animal in the Animal node. | Yes, based on IPCC (2019) default values. See [Hours worked per day - IPCC (2019) model](/guide/hoursWorkedPerDay#IPCC%20(2019)). |\n\n#### Net energy for pregnancy (NE<sub>p</sub>)\n\nNet energy for pregnancy is calculated using the following equation for all animals:\n\n$$NE_p = C_{\\text{pregnancy}} \\times NE_m \\times \\text{pregnancyRateTotal}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $NE_p$ = the net energy used for pregnancy, in MJ per animal category per Cycle;\n- $C_{\\text{pregnancy}}$ = pregnancy coefficient, dimensionless (see Table 10.7 in the IPCC (2019) report);\n- $NE_m$ = the net energy used for maintenance, in MJ per animal category per Cycle;\n- $\\text{pregnancyRateTotal}$ = the animals in each category who are in pregnant state, as fraction of 1 (i.e. if 80% use 0.8).\n\nThe amount of energy required to sustain a pregnancy is directly proportional to the net energy for maintenance. C<sub>pregnancy</sub> is a constant that changes based on the animal type. For cattle and buffalo, it is set to 0.1 (meaning that NE<sub>p</sub> is 10% of NE<sub>m</sub>), while for sheep and goats it varies based on the number of lambs or kids delivered. \n\nThe following Table maps each element in the equation to a HESTIA lookup or Term; it also highlights data requirements and available gap-fills:\n\n| Element               | Type        | Required terms                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | Gap-fill available                                                                                                                    |\n|-----------------------|-------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| NE<sub>m</sub>                 | Variable    | See Nem equation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | -                                                                                                                                     |\n| C<sub>pregnancy</sub>           | Coefficient | Stored in the `ratioCPregnancyNetEnergyPregnancyIpcc2019` lookup, in the `liveAnimal` glossary. For sheep and goats, [Animals delivered per Cycle](/term/animalsDeliveredPerCycle) property to be added to each Animal in the Animal node (for females in their reproductive age). | -                                                                                                                                     |\n| `pregnanacyRateTotal` | Variable    | [Pregnancy rate (total)](/term/pregnancyRateTotal) property to be added to each Animal in the Animal node (for females in their reproductive age).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | Yes, based on IPCC (2019) default values. See [Pregnanacy rate (total) - IPCC (2019) model](/guide/pregnancyRateTotal#IPCC20%(2019)). |\n\n#### Net energy for growth (NE<sub>g</sub>)\n\nNet energy for growth is estimated using two different equations, depending on the animal type. \n\nThe equation for cattle and buffalo, adapted from Equation 10.6 in the IPCC (2019) report, is as follows:\n\n$$NE_g = 22.02 \\times \\left( \\frac{BW}{C \\times MW} \\right)^{0.75} \\times WG^{1.097} \\times \\text{animal.value} \\times \\text{cycleDuration}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $NE_g$ = the net energy used for growth, in MJ per animal category Cycle;\n- $BW$ = the average live weight of the animal, in kg;\n- $C$ = a coefficient with a value of 0.8 for females, 1 for castrates, and 1.2 for bulls;\n- $MW$ = the mature weight of the animal, i.e. the body weight at which skeletal development is complete, in kg;\n- $WG$ = the average daily weight gain of the animal, in kg per animal per day;\n- $\\text{animal.value}$ = the average number of animals in each category;\n- $\\text{cycleDuration}$ = the duration of the Cycle, in days.\n\nThe energy for growth is directly proportional to the live weight gain: the more weight an animal gains, the higher is the energy spent. \n\nThe following Table maps each element in the equation to a HESTIA lookup or Term; it also highlights data requirements and available gap-fills:\n\n| Element       | Type        | Required terms                                                                                                                                                                         | Gap-fill available                                                                                                                      |\n|---------------|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| BW            | Variable    | [Liveweight per head](/term/liveweightPerHead) property to be added to each Animal in the Animal node.                                                         | Yes, based on IPCC (2019) default values. See [Liveweight per head - IPCC (2019) model](/guide/animal-liveweightPerHead#IPCC%20(2019)). |\n| C             | Coefficient | None, stored in the `ratioCNetEnergyGrowthCattleBuffaloIpcc2019` lookup (`liveAnimal` glossary).                                                                                 | -                                                                                                                                       |\n| MW            | Variable    | [Weight at maturity](/term/weightAtMaturity) property to be added to each Animal in the Animal node.                                                                                   | Yes, based on IPCC (2019) default values. See [Weight at maturity - IPCC (2019) model](/guide/weightAtMaturity#IPCC%20(2019)).          |\n| WG            | Variable    | [Liveweight gain](/term/liveweightGain) property to be added to each Animal in the Animal node.                                                                                        | Yes, based on IPCC (2019) default values. See [Liveweigth gain - IPCC (2019) model](/guide/liveweightGain#IPCC%20(2019)).               |\n| animal.value  | Variable    | Average number of animals (calculated as a time-weighted average during the Cycle) to be specified for each Animal in the Animal node, using the [value](/schema/Animal#value) field.  | -                                                                                                                                       |\n| cycleDuration | Variable    | [cycleDuration](/schema/Cycle#cycleDuration) field to be added.                                                                                                                        | 365 days used as default.                                                                                                               |            |\n\nThe equation for sheep and goats, adapted from Equation 10.7 in the IPCC (2019) report, is:\n\n$$NE_g = \\frac{WG_{\\text{lamb/kid}} \\times \\left(a + 0.5 \\times b \\times (BW_i + BW_f)\\right)}{365} \\times \\text{animal.value} \\times \\text{cycleDuration}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $NE_g$ = the net energy used for growth, in MJ per animal category per Cycle;\n- $WG_{\\text{lamb/kid}}$ = the weight gained (BW_f - BW_i), in kg per Cycle;\n- $a$ & $b$ = empirical constants that vary with the animal species/category (see Table 10.6 in the IPCC (2019) report);\n- $BW_i$ = the live weight at weaning, in kg;\n- $BW_f$ = the body weight at one year (or at slaughter if slaughtered before), in kg;\n- $\\text{animal.value}$ = the average number of animals in each category;\n- $\\text{cycleDuration}$ = the duration of the Cycle, in days.\n\nAs with cattle and buffalo, energy for growth is directly proportional to the live weight gain. \n\nThe following Table maps each element in the equation to a HESTIA lookup or Term; it also highlights data requirements and available gap-fills:\n\n| Element       | Type        | Required terms                                                                                                                                                                         | Gap-fill available        |\n|---------------|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------|\n| a & b         | Coefficient | None, stored in the `mjKgABNetEnergyGrowthSheepGoatsIpcc2019` lookup (`liveAnimal` glossary).                                                                                    | -                         |\n| BW_i          | Variable | [Weight at weaning](/term/weightAtWeaning) property to be added to each lamb/kid in the Animal node.                                                                                   | -                         |\n| BW<sub>f</sub>          | Variable    | [Weight at one year](/term/weightAtOneYear) and/or [Weight at slaughter](/term/weightAtOneYear) property to be added to each lamb/kid in the Animal node. Also add [Slaughter age](/term/slaughterAge) to ensure the right Term is chosen.                            | -                         |\n| animal.value  | Variable    | Average number of animals (calculated as a time-weighted average during the Cycle) to be specified for each Animal in the Animal node, using the [value](/schema/Animal#value) field.  | -                         |\n| cycleDuration | Variable    | [cycleDuration](/schema/Cycle#cycleDuration) field to be added.                                                                                                                        | 365 days used as default. |\n\n#### Net energy for wool production (NE<sub>wool</sub>)\n\nSheep and certain breeds of goat produce wool, a process that consumes energy. \n\nThe amount of energy consumed can be estimated using the following formula (Equation 10.12 in the IPCC (2019) report):\n\n$$NE_{\\text{wool}} = NE_{\\text{wool}} \\times Pr_{\\text{wool}}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $NE_{\\text{wool}}$ = the net energy used for wool production, in MJ per herd per Cycle;\n- $NE_{\\text{wool}}$ = the amount of energy required to produce 1 kg of wool, weighted after drying but before scouring, set to 24 MJ/kg;\n- $Pr_{\\text{wool}}$ = quantity of wool produced, in kg per Cycle.\n\nNE<sub>wool</sub> increases proportionally with the quantity of wool produced. \n\nThe following Table maps each element in the equation to a HESTIA lookup or Term; it also highlights data requirements and available gap-fills:\n\n| Element | Type        | Required terms                                                                                                                                     | Gap-fill available |\n|---------|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|\n| EV<sub>wool</sub> | Coefficient | None, stored in the `mjKgEvWoolNetEnergyWoolIpcc2019` lookup (`animalProduct` glossary).                                                     | -                  |\n| Pr<sub>wool</sub> | Variable    | [Wool, sheep (greasy)](/term/woolSheepGreasy) and/or [Wool, goat (greasy)](/term/woolGoatGreasy) to be added to the Products section of the Cycle. | -                  |\n\n## 2. Quantifying the energy provided by additional feeds\n\nUnless animals are 100% pasture fed, part of the net energy they need will come from additional feeds (e.g., hay, straw, or concentrates). \n\nThe net energy provided by each feed is quantified in two steps:\n\n1. The feed gross energy is multiplied by its energy digestibily to estimate digestible energy. \n2. The feed digestible energy is converted to net energy for maintenance and net energy for growth.\n\nFinally, the values obtained for each feed are summed up. \n\n### Feed digestible energy\n\nThe formula to calculate digestible energy from gross energy is:\n\n$$DE_{\\text{feed}} = \\text{energyContentHigherHeatingValue} \\times \\text{energyDigestibilityRuminants} \\times \\text{animalFeed.value}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $DE_{\\text{feed}}$ = the total digestible energy provided by the feed, in MJ;\n- $\\text{energyContentHigherHeatingValue}$ = the gross energy of the feed, in MJ per kg;\n- $\\text{energyDigestibilityRuminants}$ = the share of gross energy that is digested, as fraction of 1 (i.e., if 80% use 0.8);\n- $\\text{animalFeed.value}$ = the amount of feed fed to animals during the Cycle, in kg.\n\n### Feed net energy for maintenance\n\nThe formula for estimating the net energy available for maintenance purposes is: \n\n$$\n\\text{NEm}_{\\text{feed}} = DE_{\\text{feed}} \\times REM\n$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $\\text{NEm}_{\\text{feed}}$ = the feed energy that can be used for maintenance purposes (maintenance, activity, lactation, work, and pregnancy), in MJ;\n- $DE_{\\text{feed}}$ = the total digestible energy provided by the feed, in MJ;\n- $REM$ = the ratio of net energy for maintenance to digestible energy.\n\nREM is calculated using the following equation (Equation 10.14 of the IPCC (2019) report):\n\n$$REM = 1.123 + 4.092 \\times 10^{-3} \\times DE + 1.126 \\times 10^{-5} \\times DE^2 - \\frac{25.4}{DE}$$\n\nWhere: \n\n- $REM$ = ratio of net energy available for maintenance to digestible energy;\n- $DE$ = `Energy digestibility, ruminants`, as percentage (i.e., if 80% use 80).\n\n### Feed net energy for growth \n\nThe formula for estimating the net energy available for growth purposes is: \n\n$$\n\\text{NEg}_{\\text{feed}} = DE_{\\text{feed}} \\times REG\n$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $\\text{NEg}_{\\text{feed}}$ = the feed energy that can be used for growth purposes (growth and wool production), in MJ;\n- $DE_{\\text{feed}}$ = the total digestible energy provided by the feed, in MJ;\n- $REG$ = the ratio of net energy for growth to digestible energy.\n\nREG is calculated using the following equation (Equation 10.15 of the IPCC (2019) report):\n\n$$REG = 1.164 + 5.16 \\times 10^{-3} \\times DE + 1.308 \\times 10^{-5} \\times DE^2 - \\frac{37.4}{DE}$$\n\nWhere: \n\n- $REG$ = ratio of net energy available for growth to digestible energy;\n- $DE$ = `Energy digestibility, ruminants`, as percentage (i.e., if 80% use 80).\n\nThe following Table maps each element in these equations to a HESTIA lookup or Term; it also highlights data requirements and available gap-fills:\n\n| Element                         | Type     | Required terms                                                                                                                                                            | Gap-fill available                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |\n|---------------------------------|----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| animalFeed.value                | Variable | Quantity to be specified for each Input with [isAnimalFeed](/schema/Input#isAnimalFeed) = True, using the [value](/schema/Input#value) field.                             | -                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |\n| energyContentHigherHeatingValue | Variable | [Energy content (higher heating value)](/term/energyContentHigherHeatingValue) Property to be added to each Input with [isAnimalFeed](/schema/Input#isAnimalFeed) = True. | Values from [Feedipedia](https://www.feedipedia.org/node/8336) are used. These values are stored in the `crop-property-lookup.csv` and `processedFood-property-lookup.csv` files. For feeds not in Feedipedia, values are taken from other sources and stored in the `crop-propertyDefault-lookup.csv`, `feedFoodAdditive-propertyDefault-lookup.csv`and `feedFoodAdditive-propertyDefault-lookup.csv` files. |\n| energyDigestibilityRuminants    | Variable | [Energy digestibility, ruminants](/term/energyDigestibilityRuminants) Property to be added to each Input with [isAnimalFeed](/schema/Input#isAnimalFeed) = True.       | Values from [Feedipedia](https://www.feedipedia.org/node/8336) are used. These values are stored in the `crop-property-lookup.csv` and `processedFood-property-lookup.csv` files. For feeds not in Feedipedia, values are taken from other sources and stored in the `crop-propertyDefault-lookup.csv`, `feedFoodAdditive-propertyDefault-lookup.csv`and `feedFoodAdditive-propertyDefault-lookup.csv` files.|\n\n## 3. Calculating the amount of grass that satisfies residual energy requirements\n\nResidual gross energy requirements are back-calculated after subtracting the net energy from feed from the total net energy requirements of the herd. Before doing that, to avoid double-counting, NEm<sub>feed</sub> and NEg<sub>feed</sub> values have to be corrected. Finally, the amount of grass that needs to be grazed in order to meet gross energy requirements is quantified. \n\n### Gross energy formula (no feed)\n\nEquation 10.16 in the IPCC (2019) report back-calculates gross energy from net energy as follows:\n\n$$GE = \\frac{\\frac{NE_m + NE_a + NE_l + NE_{\\text{work}} + NE_p}{REM} + \\frac{NE_g + NE_{\\text{wool}}}{REG}}{DE}$$\n\nWhere:\n- $GE$ = the total gross energy requirements of the herd, in MJ per Cycle\n- $NE_m$ = the total net energy used for maintenance, in MJ per Cycle\n- $NE_a$ = the total net energy used for activity, in MJ per Cycle\n- $NE_l$ = the total net energy used for lactation, in MJ per Cycle\n- $NE_{\\text{work}}$ = the total net energy used for work, in MJ per Cycle\n- $NE_p$ = the total net energy used for pregnancy, in MJ per Cycle\n- $REM$ = ratio of net energy available for maintenance to digestible energy (of the pasture grass mix)\n- $NE_g$ = the total net energy used for growth, in MJ per Cycle\n- $NE_{\\text{wool}}$ = the total net energy used for wool production, in MJ per Cycle\n- $REG$ = ratio of net energy available for growth to digestible energy (of the pasture grass mix)\n- $DE$ = the `energyDigestibilityRuminants` of the pasture grass mix, as fraction of 1 (i.e., if 80% use 0.8)\n\nThis is illustrated in Figure 1:\n\n![Gross energy formula, no additional feed](/assets/pastureGrass-figure1.png)\n\n### NEm<sub>feed</sub> and NEg<sub>feed</sub> correction\n\nThe net energy provided by feeds has to be subtracted from the net energy requirements for maintenance and growth, as illustrated in Figure 2:\n\n![Gross energy formula, with additional feed](/assets/pastureGrass-figure2.png)\n\nBy doing this, though, feed energy is double-counted. This happens because, when estimating feed net energy, we used the total digestible energy of the feed as a starting point to calculate both NEm<sub>feed</sub> and NEg<sub>feed</sub>, assuming the same DE could result in both (see Figure 3).\n\n![NNEm<sub>feed</sub> and NEg<sub>feed</sub> calculations](/assets/pastureGrass-figure3.png)\n\n In the IPCC (2019) Equation, on the contrary, two amounts of digestible energy are calculated, one from NE for maintenance purposes (using REM) and one from NE for growth purposes (using REG). The two amounts are then summed up before conversion to GE (see Figure 1 and 2).\n\nTo correct NEm<sub>feed</sub> and NEg<sub>feed</sub> and avoid double-counting, HESTIA uses the ratio between the total NEm requirements of the herd (NE<sub>m</sub> + NE<sub>a</sub> + NE<sub>l</sub> + NE<sub>work</sub> + NE<sub>p</sub>) and the total NEg requirements of the herd (NE<sub>g</sub> + NE<sub>wool)</sub>. For example, if animals' total net energy requirements are 80% for maintenance and 20% for growth, HESTIA assumes that 80% of feed energy will be used for maintenance and 20% will be used for growth. \n\nThe formula to correct NEm<sub>feed</sub> is:\n\n$$\\text{NEm}_{feed(corrected)} = \\text{NEm}_{feed} \\times \\frac{\\text{NE requirements for maintenance purposes}}{\\text{total NE requirements}}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $\\text{NEm}_{feed(corrected)}$ = the feed energy that can be used for maintenance purposes, in MJ (after correction);\n- $\\text{NEm}_{feed}$ = the feed energy that can be used for maintenance purposes, in MJ (before correction);\n- $\\text{NE requirements for maintenance purposes}$ = NE<sub>m</sub> + NE<sub>a</sub> + NE<sub>l</sub> + NE<sub>work</sub> + NE<sub>p</sub> in MJ per Cycle;\n- $\\text{total NE requirements}$ = NE<sub>m</sub> + NE<sub>a</sub> + NE<sub>l</sub> + NE<sub>work</sub> + NE<sub>p</sub> + NE<sub>g</sub> + NE<sub>wool</sub> in MJ per Cycle.\n\nThe formula to correct NEg_<sub>feed</sub> is:\n\n$$\\text{NEg}_{feed(corrected)} = \\text{NEg}_{feed} \\times \\frac{\\text{NE requirements for growth purposes}}{\\text{total NE requirements}}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $\\text{NEg}_{feed(corrected)}$ = the feed energy that can be used for growth purposes, in MJ (after correction);\n- $\\text{NEg}_{feed}$ = the feed energy that can be used for growth purposes, in MJ (before correction);\n- $\\text{NE requirements for growth purposes}$ = NE<sub>g</sub> + NE<sub>wool</sub> in MJ per Cycle;\n- $\\text{total NE requirements}$ = NE<sub>m</sub> + NE<sub>a</sub> + NE<sub>l</sub> + NE<sub>work</sub> + NE<sub>p</sub> + NE<sub>g</sub> + NE<sub>wool</sub> in MJ per Cycle.\n\n### Residual gross energy calculation\n\nNow that net energy values from feed have been corrected, Equation 10.16 from the IPCC (2019) report can be adapted as follows:\n\n$$GE = \\frac{\\frac{NE_m + NE_a + NE_l + NE_{\\text{work}} + NE_p - \\text{NEm}_{\\text{feed(corrected)}}}{REM} + \\frac{NE_g + NE_{\\text{wool}} - \\text{NEg}_{\\text{feed(corrected)}}}{REG}}{DE}$$\n\nWhere:\n- $GE$ = the gross energy requirements to be met through grazing, in MJ per Cycle;\n- $NE_m$ = the total net energy used for maintenance, in MJ per Cycle;\n- $NE_a$ = the total net energy used for activity, in MJ per Cycle;\n- $NE_l$ = the total net energy used for lactation, in MJ per Cycle;\n- $NE_{\\text{work}}$ = the total net energy used for work, in MJ per Cycle;\n- $NE_p$ = the total net energy used for pregnancy, in MJ per Cycle;\n- $\\text{NEm}_{\\text{feed(corrected)}}$ = the feed energy that can be used for maintenance purposes, in MJ (after correction);\n- $REM$ = ratio of net energy available for maintenance to digestible energy (of the pasture grass mix);\n- $NE_g$ = the total net energy used for growth, in MJ per Cycle;\n- $NE_{\\text{wool}}$ = the total net energy used for wool production, in MJ per Cycle;\n- $\\text{NEg}_{\\text{feed(corrected)}}$ = the feed energy that can be used for growth purposes, in MJ (after correction);\n- $REG$ = ratio of net energy available for growth to digestible energy (of the pasture grass mix);\n- $DE$ = the average `energyDigestibilityRuminants` of the pasture grass mix, weighted based on % area covered, as fraction of 1 (i.e. if 80% use 0.8).\n\n### Quantity of grass grazed\n\nOnce the amount of gross energy to be met through grazing is known, the amount of grass to be grazed can be calculated using the average gross energy content of the pasture grass mix. If multiple grasses are grazed, the result can be split using the percentage area covered by each species.  \n\nThe formula is: \n\n$$\\text{Grass}_n = \\frac{GE}{\\text{Energy content (higher heating value)}} \\times \\text{pastureGrass.value}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $\\text{Grass}_n$ =  the amount of grass species n that is grazed, in kg per Cycle;\n- $GE$ = the gross energy requirements to be met through grazing, in MJ per Cycle;\n- $\\text{Energy content (higher heating value)}$ = the average gross energy of the pasture grass mix, weighted based on % area covered, in MJ per kg;\n- $\\text{pastureGrass.value}$ = the area covered by grass species n, in percentage.\n\nThe following Table maps each element in the equation to a HESTIA lookup or Term; it also highlights data requirements and available gap-fills:\n\n| Element                         | Type     | Required terms                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Gap-fill available                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |\n|---------------------------------|----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| pastureGrass.value              | Variable | [Pasture grass](/term/pastureGrass) Term to be added to the Practice section of the Cycle, with a Term from the `landCover` glossary specified as [key](/schema/Practice#key) and a `value` equal to the percentage area covered. | [Generic grass plant](/term/genericGrassPlant) is used. See [Pasture grass - HESTIA model](/guide/hestia-pastureGrass#HESTIA). |\n| energyContentHigherHeatingValue | Variable | [Energy content (higher heating value)](/term/energyContentHigherHeatingValue) Property to be added to each [Pasture grass](/term/pastureGrass) Term.                                                                    | Values from [Feedipedia](https://www.feedipedia.org/node/8336) are used. These values are stored in the `forage-property-lookup.csv` file.                                                                                          |\n| energyDigestibilityRuminants    | Variable | [Energy digestibility, ruminants](/term/energyDigestibilityRuminants) Property to be added to each [Pasture grass](/term/pastureGrass) Term.                                                                             | Values from [Feedipedia](https://www.feedipedia.org/node/8717) are used. These values are stored in the `forage-property-lookup.csv` file.                                                                                          |\n\n## Summary of all requirements:\n\n### Animals\nThe model runs only if [completeness.animalPopulation](/schema/Completeness#animalPopulation) is `True`. This means that the number of animals in each category must be specificied using the [value](/schema/Animal#value) field. \n\nTo ensure net energy for activity is accurate, we recommend adding one or more Terms from the `system` glossary in the Cycle Practices section, with a `value`. The relevant systems are:\n- [Indoor animal system](/term/indoorAnimalSystem)\n- [Barn system](/term/barnSystem)\n- [Feedlot system](/term/feedlotSystem) \n- [Confined pasture system](/term/confinedPastureSystem)\n- [Hilly pasture system](/term/hillyPastureSystem)\n- [Open range system](/term/openRangeSystem).\n\nThe following Table lists all the required Terms for cattle and buffaloes:\n\n| Required terms                                                                         | Gap-fill available | Type                   | Notes                                     |\n|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|------------------------|-------------------------------------------|\n| [Liveweight per head](/term/liveweightPerHead)                                         | ✅                  | Property               | -                                         |\n| [Liveweight gain](/term/liveweightGain)                                                | ✅                  | Property               | -                                         |\n| [Weight at maturity](/term/weightAtMaturity)                                           | ✅                  | Property               | -                                         |\n| [Pregnancy rate (total)](/term/pregnancyRateTotal)                                     | ✅                  | Property               | For female animals in reproductive age    |\n| [Hours worked per day](/term/hoursWorkedPerDay)                                        | ✅                  | Property               | -                                         |\n| \"Milk yield per animal\"  Term, e.g., [Milk yield per cow (raw)](/term/milkYieldPerCow) | ✅                  | Practice               | For lactating animals                     |\n| [Fat content](/term/fatContent)                                                        | ✅                  | Property (of Practice) | To attach to \"Milk yield per animal\" Term |\n\nThe following Table lists all required Terms for sheep and goats:\n\n| Required Term                                                                                  | Gap-fill available | Type     | Notes                                  |\n|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|----------|----------------------------------------|\n| [Liveweight per head](/term/liveweightPerHead)                                                   | ✅                  | Property | -                                      |\n| [Pregnancy rate (total)](/term/pregnancyRateTotal)                                               | ✅                  | Property | For female animals in reproductive age |\n|  [Animals delivered per Cycle](/term/animalsDeliveredPerCycle)                                   | ❌                  | Property | For female animals in reproductive age |\n| [Hours worked per day](/term/hoursWorkedPerDay)                                                  | ✅                  | Property | -                                      |\n| \"Milk yield per animal\"  Term, e.g., [Milk yield per cow (raw)](/term/milkYieldPerCow)           | ✅                  | Practice | For lactating animals                  |\n| [Weight at weaning](/term/weightAtWeaning)                                                       | ❌                  | Property | For lambs/kids                         |\n| [Weight at one year](/term/weightAtWeaning)                                                      | ❌                  | Property | For lambs/kids                         |\n| [Weight at slaughter](/term/weightAtSlaughter)                                                   | ❌                  | Property | For lambs/kids                         |\n| [Slaughter age](/term/slaughterAge)                                                              | ❌                  | Property | For lambs/kids                         |\n| [Wool, sheep (greasy)](/term/woolSheepGreasy) and/or [Wool, goat (greasy)](/term/woolGoatGreasy) | ❌                  | Product  | Add as a product of the Cycle          |\n\n### Animal feed\nThe model runs only if [animalFeed.completeness](/schema/Completeness#animalFeed) is `True`. All Inputs fed to animals have to be tagged with the field [isAnimalFeed](/schema/Input#isAnimalFeed) = `True` and their quantity specified using the `value` field. They can be added either to the Cycle node or the Animal blank node. \n\nThe following properties can be added to each feed.\n\n| Required Term                                                                 | Gap-fill available | Type     | Notes                                  |\n|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|----------|----------------------------------------|\n| [Energy content (higher heating value)](/term/energyContentHigherHeatingValue) | ✅                  | Property | Taken from Feedipedia if not specified |\n| [Energy digestibility, ruminants](/term/energyDigestibilityRuminants)          | ✅                  | Property | Taken from Feedipedia if not specified |\n\n### Pasture grass\nTo ensure the model is accurate, we recommend specifying the grass species available on pasture in the Cycle Practice section. Use the [Pasture grass](/term/pastureGrass) Term, with a Term from the `landCover` glossary specified as [key](/schema/Practice#key) and a `value` equal to the area covered in percentage. If multiple species are grown, [Pasture grass](/term/pastureGrass) can be added multiple times, each with a different [key](/schema/Practice#key). \n\nThe following properties can be added to each [Pasture grass](/term/pastureGrass):\n| Required Term                                                                 | Gap-fill available | Type     | Notes                                  |\n|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|----------|----------------------------------------|\n| [Energy content (higher heating value)](/term/energyContentHigherHeatingValue) | ✅                  | Property | Taken from Feedipedia if not specified |\n| [Energy digestibility, ruminants](/term/energyDigestibilityRuminants)          | ✅                  | Property  | Taken from Feedipedia if not specified |\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"collapsibles\">\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Returns</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input\">Inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#model\">model</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/ipcc2019\">ipcc2019</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=crop\">crop</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=forage\">forage</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#value\">value</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#isAnimalFeed\">isAnimalFeed</a> with <code>True</code></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Requirements</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle\">Cycle</a> with:<ul>\n<li>Data completeness assessment for animalFeed: <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Completeness#animalFeed\">completeness.animalFeed</a> must be <code>True</code></li>\n<li>Data completeness assessment for animalPopulation: <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Completeness#animalPopulation\">completeness.animalPopulation</a> must be <code>True</code></li>\n<li>Data completeness assessment for freshForage: <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Completeness#freshForage\">completeness.freshForage</a> must be <code>False</code></li>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#site\">site</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#siteType\">siteType</a> with <code>permanent pasture</code></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#practices\">practices</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=system\">system</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/pastureGrass\">pastureGrass</a> and a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#key\">key</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=landCover\">landCover</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#inputs\">inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#units\">units</a> = <code>kg</code> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#value\">value</a> <code>&gt; 0</code> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#isAnimalFeed\">isAnimalFeed</a> with <code>True</code> and optional:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#properties\">properties</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/neutralDetergentFibreContent\">neutralDetergentFibreContent</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/energyContentHigherHeatingValue\">energyContentHigherHeatingValue</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/energyDigestibilityRuminants\">energyDigestibilityRuminants</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#animals\">animals</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Animal#value\">value</a> <code>&gt; 0</code> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Animal#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=liveAnimal\">liveAnimal</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Animal#referencePeriod\">referencePeriod</a> with <code>average</code> and a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Animal#properties\">properties</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/liveweightPerHead\">liveweightPerHead</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/weightAtMaturity\">weightAtMaturity</a> and optional:</li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Animal#properties\">properties</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/hoursWorkedPerDay\">hoursWorkedPerDay</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/pregnancyRateTotal\">pregnancyRateTotal</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/animalsPerBirth\">animalsPerBirth</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Animal#inputs\">inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#units\">units</a> = <code>kg</code> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#value\">value</a> <code>&gt; 0</code> and optional:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#properties\">properties</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/neutralDetergentFibreContent\">neutralDetergentFibreContent</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/energyContentHigherHeatingValue\">energyContentHigherHeatingValue</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Animal#practices\">practices</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=animalManagement\">animalManagement</a> and a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#properties\">properties</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Property#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/fatContent\">fatContent</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>optional:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#products\">products</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Product#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Product#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/animalProduct\">animalProduct</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Lookups used</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/animalManagement.csv\">animalManagement.csv</a> -&gt; <code>mjKgEvMilkIpcc2019</code>; <code>defaultFatContentEvMilkIpcc2019</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/animalProduct.csv\">animalProduct.csv</a> -&gt; <code>mjKgEvWoolNetEnergyWoolIpcc2019</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/liveAnimal.csv\">liveAnimal.csv</a> -&gt; <code>ipcc2019AnimalTypeGrouping</code>; <code>mjDayKgCfiNetEnergyMaintenanceIpcc2019</code>; <code>ratioCPregnancyNetEnergyPregnancyIpcc2019</code>; <code>ratioCNetEnergyGrowthCattleBuffaloIpcc2019</code>; <code>mjKgABNetEnergyGrowthSheepGoatsIpcc2019</code>; <code>isWoolProducingAnimal</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/system-liveAnimal-activityCoefficient-ipcc2019.csv\">system-liveAnimal-activityCoefficient-ipcc2019.csv</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/landCover.csv\">landCover.csv</a> -&gt; <code>grazedPastureGrassInputId</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/crop-property.csv\">crop-property.csv</a> -&gt; <code>energyDigestibilityRuminants</code>; <code>energyContentHigherHeatingValue</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/crop.csv\">crop.csv</a> -&gt; <code>grazedPastureGrassInputId</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/forage-property.csv\">forage-property.csv</a> -&gt; <code>energyDigestibilityRuminants</code>; <code>energyContentHigherHeatingValue</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/feedFoodAdditive.csv\">feedFoodAdditive.csv</a> -&gt; <code>hasEnergyContent</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/feedFoodAdditive-property.csv\">feedFoodAdditive-property.csv</a> -&gt; <code>energyDigestibilityRuminants</code>; <code>energyContentHigherHeatingValue</code></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  \n</div>"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleInputs/machineryInfrastructureDepreciatedAmountPerCycle/agribalyse2016.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"tags":{"author":["Joseph Poore"],"contributor":["Guillaume Royer","Juan Sabuco"],"group":["Cycle: Inputs"],"tab":["Agribalyse (2016)"],"citation":["[Colomb, V., Ait Amar, S., Basset Mens, C., Gac, A., Gaillard, G., Koch, P., Mousset, J. Salou, T. Tailleur, A., van der Werf, H. M. G. (2015) AGRIBALYSE®, the French LCI Database for agricultural products: high quality data for producers and environmental labelling. Oilseeds Fats Crops Lipids 22, D104](https://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ocl/20140047)","[Poore, J., & Nemecek, T. (2018). Reducing food’s environmental impacts through producers and consumers. Science, 360(6392), 987-992](https://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaq0216)"],"modelId":["machineryInfrastructureDepreciatedAmountPerCycle"],"modelRequires":["material"]},"content":"# Machinery infrastructure, depreciated amount per Cycle\n\nMachinery gradually depreciates over multiple production Cycles until it reaches the [end of its life](/schema/Infrastructure#endDate). As a rough rule, machinery depreciates in proportion to the hours its used for. Machinery use in hours can be proxied for by the amount of fuel used.\n\nFrom 139 processes in [AGRIBALYSE](https://agribalyse.ademe.fr/), the ratio of machinery depreciated per unit of fuel consumed (kg machinery kg diesel–1) was established (Poore & Nemecek, 2018). Recognizing that farms in less developed countries have poorer access to capital and maintain farm machinery for longer, the machinery-to-diesel ratio was doubled in countries with a [Human Development Index](http://hdr.undp.org/en/data) of less than 0.8.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"collapsibles\">\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Returns</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input\">Inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/machineryInfrastructureDepreciatedAmountPerCycle\">machineryInfrastructureDepreciatedAmountPerCycle</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#model\">model</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/agribalyse2016\">agribalyse2016</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#value\">value</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Requirements</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle\">Cycle</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#site\">site</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#siteType\">siteType</a> with <code>cropland</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>glass or high accessible cover</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>permanent pasture</code> and a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#country\">country</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=region\">region</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#inputs\">inputs</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=fuel\">fuel</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Input#value\">value</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>Data completeness assessment for material: <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Completeness#material\">completeness.material</a> must be <code>False</code></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Lookups used</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/region.csv\">region.csv</a> -&gt; <code>HDI</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/material.csv\">material.csv</a> -&gt; <code>siteTypesAllowed</code></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  \n</div>"}