@blamejs/core 0.7.4 → 0.7.18

package/lib/middleware/api-encrypt.js

@@ -1,936 +1,936 @@
-"use strict";
-/**
- * api-encrypt — end-to-end PQC payload encryption for operator-
- * controlled clients.
- *
- * TLS protects browser ↔ load-balancer; api-encrypt protects request
- * and response bodies *end-to-end* through every intermediate hop
- * (LB → app cleartext segment, sidecar proxy, queue, log aggregator,
- * APM tooling). A tampered byte anywhere downstream of the encrypted
- * boundary fails the AEAD tag at this middleware before the route
- * handler runs.
- *
- * Threat model targets:
- *   - Stripped-or-MITM TLS at any internal hop
- *   - Body capture at log aggregators / APM tooling
- *   - Replay (timestamp + nonce window catches it)
- *   - Forged client requests (no key holder = no valid ciphertext)
- *
- * What it does NOT defend against:
- *   - Semantic attacks from authorized clients (a key-holder can
- *     encrypt a malicious payload validly — safe-schema is the next
- *     layer)
- *   - Server-side key compromise
- *   - Application logic bugs in handlers
- *
- * The encryption layer is for operator-controlled clients (your
- * mobile app, your service-to-service traffic). Public APIs that
- * accept third-party callers should use TLS + webhook signatures
- * instead — the encryption requires a key bootstrap step.
- *
- * Wire format (request body, JSON):
- *
- *   {
- *     _ek:    "<base64 envelope>",   // session key wrapped to server pubkey
- *     _ct:    "<base64 packed>",     // payload encrypted with session key
- *     _ts:    1738000000000,         // unix ms
- *     _nonce: "<32 hex>"             // 16 random bytes, replay-checked
- *   }
- *
- * Wire format (response body, JSON):
- *
- *   { _ct: "<base64 packed>" }       // same session key, fresh nonce
- *
- * Crypto:
- *   - _ek is the framework's standard envelope encrypt:
- *       ML-KEM-1024 + P-384 ECDH hybrid → SHAKE256 KDF → XChaCha20-Poly1305
- *     The plaintext inside the envelope is the base64-encoded session key.
- *   - _ct is the framework's encryptPacked symmetric format:
- *       1-byte version + 24-byte XChaCha20-Poly1305 nonce + ciphertext + tag
- *     Keyed by the session key recovered from _ek.
- *
- * Operator API:
- *
- *   var apiEncrypt = b.middleware.apiEncrypt({
- *     keypair:        { publicKey, privateKey, ecPublicKey, ecPrivateKey },
- *     replayWindowMs: C.TIME.minutes(5),
- *     nonceStore:     b.nonceStore.create({ backend: 'cluster' }),
- *     exemptPaths:    ["/healthz", "/.well-known/blamejs-pubkey"],
- *     contentTypes:   ["application/json"],   // default; pass null to disable
- *   });
- *   router.use(apiEncrypt);
- *   router.get("/.well-known/blamejs-pubkey", apiEncrypt.publishPublicKey());
- *
- *   // Outbound (server-to-server, browser/mobile, etc.):
- *   var client = b.middleware.apiEncrypt.client({ pubkey });
- *   var { body, decryptResponse } = client.encryptRequest({ msg: "hi" });
- *
- *   // Server-to-server with framework HTTP client:
- *   var enc = b.httpClient.encrypted({ pubkey, baseUrl: "https://service" });
- *   var resp = await enc.request({ method: "POST", path: "/api/widget", body: { ... } });
- *
- * Key rotation:
- *   To rotate the server keypair, generate a new keypair and pass BOTH
- *   the new and the previous keypair to the middleware as `keypairs`:
- *
- *     b.middleware.apiEncrypt({
- *       keypairs: [newKeypair, prevKeypair],
- *       ...
- *     });
- *
- *   keypairs[0] is the "active" keypair — published by publishPublicKey()
- *   so new client-side bootstraps pin to it. Both keypairs are tried
- *   when decrypting `_ek`, so in-flight requests still encrypted to the
- *   previous keypair continue to decrypt for as long as the previous
- *   keypair stays in the array. Operators drop the previous keypair
- *   from the array once the rotation overlap window has elapsed.
- *
- * Failure surfacing:
- *   AEAD tag failure / stale timestamp / replay / malformed envelope
- *   all return 400 with the same body { error: "encrypted-payload-rejected" }.
- *   The category that actually matched lands in the audit event +
- *   b.events.API_ENCRYPT_FAILURE so operators get metrics / alerting
- *   without leaking which check the attacker tripped. Missing _ek /
- *   _ct / _ts / _nonce on a non-exempt path is distinguishable in the
- *   response ("encrypted-payload-required") so operators with hybrid
- *   public/private routes can debug their wiring.
- */
-
-var crypto = require("../crypto");
-var C = require("../constants");
-var lazyRequire = require("../lazy-require");
-var nonceStoreLib = require("../nonce-store");
-var requestHelpers = require("../request-helpers");
-var safeJson = require("../safe-json");
-var validateOpts = require("../validate-opts");
-var { defineClass } = require("../framework-error");
-
-var audit      = lazyRequire(function () { return require("../audit"); });
-var events     = lazyRequire(function () { return require("../events"); });
-var httpClient = lazyRequire(function () { return require("../http-client"); });
-var logger     = lazyRequire(function () { return require("../log").boot("api-encrypt"); });
-
-var ApiEncryptError = defineClass("ApiEncryptError", { withStatusCode: true });
-
-var DEFAULT_REPLAY_WINDOW_MS = C.TIME.minutes(5);
-var DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPES = ["application/json"];
-var SESSION_KEY_BYTES = C.BYTES.bytes(32);
-var REQUEST_NONCE_BYTES = C.BYTES.bytes(16);
-var DEFAULT_SESSION_TTL_MS = C.TIME.minutes(15);
-// 1024 ≈ "a session with a thousand response rotations" — round-number
-// kibi-aligned default; operators raise this for chat / streaming sessions
-// or lower it for strict per-key forward-secrecy postures.
-var DEFAULT_SESSION_MAX_RESPONSES = 0x400;
-// SID format: UUID-shaped string. Operators with their own session-id
-// vocabulary subscribe to the same shape (cluster-storage / cache backends
-// already index on string keys).
-var SID_RE = /^[0-9A-Fa-f]{8}-[0-9A-Fa-f]{4}-[0-9A-Fa-f]{4}-[0-9A-Fa-f]{4}-[0-9A-Fa-f]{12}$/;
-var SID_MAX_LENGTH = C.BYTES.bytes(64);
-
-function _err(code, message, statusCode) {
-  return new ApiEncryptError(code, message, true, statusCode || 400);
-}
-
-function _validateKeypair(kp, label) {
-  if (!kp || typeof kp !== "object") {
-    throw _err("INVALID_KEYPAIR", "apiEncrypt: " + label + " is required", 500);
-  }
-  if (typeof kp.publicKey !== "string" || typeof kp.privateKey !== "string") {
-    throw _err("INVALID_KEYPAIR",
-      "apiEncrypt: " + label + ".publicKey + .privateKey are required (ML-KEM-1024 PEM)", 500);
-  }
-  if (typeof kp.ecPublicKey !== "string" || typeof kp.ecPrivateKey !== "string") {
-    throw _err("INVALID_KEYPAIR",
-      "apiEncrypt: " + label + ".ecPublicKey + .ecPrivateKey are required (P-384 PEM hybrid)", 500);
-  }
-}
-
-// Resolve the operator's keypair input into an ordered array. The
-// first keypair is "active" — used by publishPublicKey() and as the
-// hint for response encryption (responses use the per-request session
-// key, so the active keypair only matters for what the bootstrap
-// endpoint advertises). Every keypair in the array is tried in order
-// when decrypting `_ek` so that during a rotation overlap window,
-// in-flight requests encrypted to a previous keypair still decrypt
-// successfully.
-function _resolveKeypairs(opts) {
-  if (Array.isArray(opts.keypairs)) {
-    if (opts.keypairs.length === 0) {
-      throw _err("INVALID_KEYPAIR", "apiEncrypt: keypairs must be a non-empty array", 500);
-    }
-    opts.keypairs.forEach(function (kp, i) { _validateKeypair(kp, "keypairs[" + i + "]"); });
-    return opts.keypairs.slice();
-  }
-  if (opts.keypair) {
-    _validateKeypair(opts.keypair, "keypair");
-    return [opts.keypair];
-  }
-  throw _err("INVALID_KEYPAIR",
-    "apiEncrypt: { keypair } or { keypairs: [...] } is required", 500);
-}
-
-var HTTP_STATUS = requestHelpers.HTTP_STATUS;
-
-// _defaultSessionStore — in-memory session table for single-process
-// deployments. Operators with multi-replica deploys pass an
-// operator-supplied store (b.cache.create({ backend: "cluster" }) or any
-// `{ get, set, delete }`-shaped handle). Per-replica isolation in default
-// mode means sticky sessions; the limit is documented in the wiki.
-//
-//   .get(sid)  → row | null
-//   .set(sid, row, { ttlMs }) → void
-//   .delete(sid) → void
-//
-// Each row stores:
-//   { sessionKey: Buffer, lastReqCtr: int, responsesEmitted: int,
-//     createdAt: ms, expiresAt: ms, lastUsedAt: ms }
-function _defaultSessionStore() {
-  var rows = new Map();
-  return {
-    get: function (sid) {
-      var row = rows.get(sid);
-      if (!row) return null;
-      if (Date.now() > row.expiresAt) {
-        rows.delete(sid);
-        return null;
-      }
-      return row;
-    },
-    set: function (sid, row /* opts */) {
-      rows.set(sid, row);
-    },
-    delete: function (sid) {
-      rows.delete(sid);
-    },
-    purgeExpired: function () {
-      var now = Date.now();
-      var purged = 0;
-      rows.forEach(function (row, sid) {
-        if (now > row.expiresAt) { rows.delete(sid); purged += 1; }
-      });
-      return purged;
-    },
-    size: function () { return rows.size; },
-    close: function () { rows.clear(); },
-  };
-}
-
-function _validSid(sid) {
-  return typeof sid === "string" &&
-         sid.length > 0 &&
-         sid.length <= SID_MAX_LENGTH &&
-         SID_RE.test(sid);
-}
-
-function _writeRejection(res, code, body) {
-  if (res.headersSent || res.writableEnded) return;
-  if (typeof res.writeHead === "function") {
-    res.writeHead(code, { "Content-Type": "application/json" });
-    res.end(JSON.stringify(body));
-  }
-}
-
-// ---- Server-side middleware ----
-
-function create(opts) {
-  opts = opts || {};
-  validateOpts(opts, [
-    "keypair", "keypairs", "replayWindowMs", "pruneIntervalMs",
-    "nonceStore", "exemptPaths", "contentTypes", "audit",
-    "maxDecryptedBytes", "trustProxy",
-    // Per-session keying mode (opt-in; per-request stays default).
-    "keying", "sessionStore", "sessionTtlMs", "sessionMaxResponses",
-    "observability",
-  ], "middleware.apiEncrypt");
-  var keypairs       = _resolveKeypairs(opts);
-  var activeKeypair  = keypairs[0];
-  var replayWindowMs = opts.replayWindowMs || DEFAULT_REPLAY_WINDOW_MS;
-  // Cap on decrypted-payload size handed to safeJson.parse. Defaults
-  // to 4 MiB (bodyParser's default 1 MiB plus headroom for crypto +
-  // base64 round-trip). Operators with chunkier inbound payloads
-  // raise this; the framework refuses to parse anything larger as a
-  // parse-bomb defense.
-  var maxDecryptedBytes = opts.maxDecryptedBytes != null
-    ? opts.maxDecryptedBytes
-    : C.BYTES.mib(4);
-  // The spec calls for a sweep cadence of replayWindowMs/2 — short
-  // enough that expired nonces don't pile up but not so frequent the
-  // sweep query becomes a hot path. Operators can override.
-  var pruneIntervalMs = opts.pruneIntervalMs != null
-    ? opts.pruneIntervalMs : Math.max(C.TIME.seconds(30), Math.floor(replayWindowMs / 2));
-  var nonceStore     = opts.nonceStore || nonceStoreLib.create({ backend: "memory" });
-  var exemptPaths    = Array.isArray(opts.exemptPaths) ? opts.exemptPaths.slice() : [];
-  // contentTypes scoping — middleware only operates on requests whose
-  // Content-Type is in this list. Default JSON; operators with more
-  // exotic clients (form-encoded, gRPC-web, etc.) widen the list.
-  // Set to null/false/empty array to disable content-type filtering
-  // (treat every non-exempt request as encrypted).
-  var contentTypes   = opts.contentTypes === null || opts.contentTypes === false
-    ? null
-    : (Array.isArray(opts.contentTypes) && opts.contentTypes.length > 0
-        ? opts.contentTypes.slice()
-        : DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPES.slice());
-  var auditOn        = opts.audit !== false;
-  var trustProxy     = opts.trustProxy === true;
-  var lastPruneAt    = 0;
-
-  // ---- per-session keying opts ----
-  var keying = opts.keying != null ? opts.keying : "per-request";
-  if (keying !== "per-request" && keying !== "per-session") {
-    throw _err("BAD_OPT",
-      "apiEncrypt: keying must be 'per-request' (default) or 'per-session', got " +
-      JSON.stringify(opts.keying), 500);
-  }
-  var sessionTtlMs = opts.sessionTtlMs != null ? opts.sessionTtlMs : DEFAULT_SESSION_TTL_MS;
-  var sessionMaxResponses = opts.sessionMaxResponses != null
-    ? opts.sessionMaxResponses : DEFAULT_SESSION_MAX_RESPONSES;
-  if (typeof sessionTtlMs !== "number" || !isFinite(sessionTtlMs) || sessionTtlMs <= 0) {
-    throw _err("BAD_OPT",
-      "apiEncrypt: sessionTtlMs must be a positive finite number (ms), got " +
-      JSON.stringify(opts.sessionTtlMs), 500);
-  }
-  if (typeof sessionMaxResponses !== "number" || !isFinite(sessionMaxResponses) ||
-      sessionMaxResponses <= 0 || Math.floor(sessionMaxResponses) !== sessionMaxResponses) {
-    throw _err("BAD_OPT",
-      "apiEncrypt: sessionMaxResponses must be a positive finite integer, got " +
-      JSON.stringify(opts.sessionMaxResponses), 500);
-  }
-  // sessionStore — duck-typed handle exposing { get, set, delete }. The
-  // helper optionalObjectWithMethod only checks one method; here we need
-  // three. Inline shape kept; not a generic enough pattern to warrant a
-  // separate helper.
-  if (opts.sessionStore !== undefined && opts.sessionStore !== null) {
-    var ss = opts.sessionStore;
-    var ssOk = typeof ss === "object" &&
-               typeof ss.get === "function" &&
-               typeof ss.set === "function" &&
-               typeof ss.delete === "function";
-    if (!ssOk) {
-      throw _err("BAD_OPT",
-        "apiEncrypt: sessionStore must expose { get(sid), set(sid, row, opts?), delete(sid) } " +
-        "(b.cache.create() is shape-compatible)", 500);
-    }
-  }
-  var sessionStore = (keying === "per-session" && opts.sessionStore)
-    ? opts.sessionStore
-    : (keying === "per-session" ? _defaultSessionStore() : null);
-  // Observability tap — per-session emits counters for sessions
-  // established / replay-rejected / expired / rotated. Per-request mode
-  // ignores this opt; the existing events.API_ENCRYPT_FAILURE channel
-  // already carries failure shape there.
-  validateOpts.observabilityShape(opts.observability,
-    "apiEncrypt", ApiEncryptError, "BAD_OPT");
-  var observabilityHandle = opts.observability || null;
-  function _emitObs(name, value, labels) {
-    if (observabilityHandle) {
-      observabilityHandle.safeEvent(name, value, labels || {});
-    }
-  }
-  function _emitSessionAudit(action, info) {
-    if (!auditOn) return;
-    try {
-      audit().safeEmit({
-        action: action, outcome: info.outcome || "success",
-        metadata: info.metadata || {},
-        actor: info.actor || null,
-        requestId: info.requestId || null,
-      });
-    } catch (_e) { /* audit best-effort */ }
-  }
-
-  function _isExempt(req) {
-    var p = req.pathname || (req.url || "/").split("?")[0];
-    for (var i = 0; i < exemptPaths.length; i++) {
-      var rule = exemptPaths[i];
-      if (typeof rule === "string" ? p === rule || p.indexOf(rule + "/") === 0 : rule.test(p)) {
-        return true;
-      }
-    }
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  function _matchesContentType(req) {
-    if (!contentTypes) return true;  // filtering disabled
-    var ct = req.headers && (req.headers["content-type"] || req.headers["Content-Type"]);
-    if (typeof ct !== "string") return false;
-    // Strip parameters like "; charset=utf-8"
-    var bare = ct.split(";")[0].trim().toLowerCase();
-    for (var i = 0; i < contentTypes.length; i++) {
-      if (contentTypes[i].toLowerCase() === bare) return true;
-    }
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  function _emitFailure(req, reason) {
-    var info = {
-      reason:    reason,
-      ip:        requestHelpers.clientIp(req, { trustProxy: trustProxy }),
-      path:      req.pathname || (req.url || "/").split("?")[0],
-      method:    req.method,
-      ts:        new Date().toISOString(),
-      requestId: req.requestId || null,
-    };
-    if (auditOn) {
-      audit().safeEmit({
-        actor:    requestHelpers.extractActorContext(req),
-        action:   "system.api_encrypt.failure",
-        outcome:  "denied",
-        reason:   reason,
-        metadata: { reason: reason, path: info.path, method: info.method },
-        requestId: info.requestId,
-      });
-    }
-    try { events().emit(events().EVENTS.API_ENCRYPT_FAILURE, info); }
-    catch (_e) { /* events best-effort */ }
-  }
-
-  function _maybePrune() {
-    var now = Date.now();
-    if (now - lastPruneAt < pruneIntervalMs) return;
-    lastPruneAt = now;
-    nonceStore.purgeExpired().catch(function (e) {
-      try {
-        logger().warn("nonce-store prune failed: " + ((e && e.message) || String(e)));
-      } catch (_e) { /* logger best-effort */ }
-    });
-  }
-
-  // _wrapResJson — install res.json that encrypts the response with the
-  // session key. In per-request mode the response is `{ _ct }`; in
-  // per-session mode it carries `{ _ct, _sid, _ctr }` so the client can
-  // detect tampered / replayed responses with a monotonic counter check.
-  function _wrapResJson(res, sessionKey, sessionCtx) {
-    var origJson = res.json;
-    res.json = function (data) {
-      try {
-        var ptBuf = Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(data), "utf8");
-        var ctBuf = crypto.encryptPacked(ptBuf, sessionKey);
-        var encrypted = { _ct: ctBuf.toString("base64") };
-        if (sessionCtx) {
-          encrypted._sid = sessionCtx.sid;
-          encrypted._ctr = sessionCtx.responseCtr;
-        }
-        if (typeof origJson === "function") {
-          return origJson.call(res, encrypted);
-        }
-        // Fallback if router didn't install res.json yet.
-        if (!res.headersSent) {
-          res.writeHead(res.statusCode || HTTP_STATUS.OK, { "Content-Type": "application/json" });
-        }
-        res.end(JSON.stringify(encrypted));
-      } catch (e) {
-        try {
-          logger().error("response encryption failed: " + ((e && e.message) || String(e)));
-        } catch (_e) { /* logger best-effort */ }
-        if (!res.headersSent) {
-          res.writeHead(HTTP_STATUS.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, { "Content-Type": "application/json" });
-        }
-        res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "response-encryption-failed" }));
-      }
-    };
-  }
-
-  // _decryptEkToSessionKey — try every keypair in order; returns the
-  // 32-byte sessionKey buffer or null on AEAD failure across all keypairs.
-  function _decryptEkToSessionKey(ek) {
-    for (var ki = 0; ki < keypairs.length; ki++) {
-      try {
-        var sessionKeyB64 = crypto.decrypt(ek, keypairs[ki]);
-        var candidate = Buffer.from(sessionKeyB64, "base64");
-        if (candidate.length === SESSION_KEY_BYTES) return candidate;
-      } catch (_e) { /* try next keypair */ }
-    }
-    return null;
-  }
-
-  async function middleware(req, res, next) {
-    if (_isExempt(req)) return next();
-    if (!_matchesContentType(req)) return next();
-
-    var body = req.body;
-    if (!body || typeof body !== "object") {
-      _emitFailure(req, "shape");
-      return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-required" });
-    }
-
-    var now = Date.now();
-    var ct = body._ct, ts = body._ts;
-    if (typeof ct !== "string" || typeof ts !== "number") {
-      _emitFailure(req, "shape");
-      return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-required" });
-    }
-    if (Math.abs(now - ts) > replayWindowMs) {
-      _emitFailure(req, "stale");
-      return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-rejected" });
-    }
-
-    // Per-request OR per-session bootstrap path: shape includes _ek + _nonce.
-    // Per-session subsequent path: shape includes _sid + _ctr (no _ek).
-    var ek = body._ek, nonce = body._nonce, sid = body._sid, ctr = body._ctr;
-    var sessionKey = null;
-    var sessionCtx = null;             // null = per-request mode response shape
-    var session = null;
-
-    if (typeof ek === "string" && typeof nonce === "string") {
-      // ---- Bootstrap path (per-request mode OR first request of session) ----
-      var nonceHash = crypto.sha3Hash(nonce, "hex");
-      var expireAt = now + replayWindowMs;
-      var freshNonce;
-      try { freshNonce = await nonceStore.checkAndInsert(nonceHash, expireAt); }
-      catch (_e) {
-        _emitFailure(req, "nonce-store-error");
-        return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, { error: "nonce-store-unavailable" });
-      }
-      if (!freshNonce) {
-        _emitFailure(req, "replay");
-        return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-rejected" });
-      }
-      sessionKey = _decryptEkToSessionKey(ek);
-      if (!sessionKey) {
-        _emitFailure(req, "tag");
-        return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-rejected" });
-      }
-      if (keying === "per-session") {
-        if (!_validSid(sid)) {
-          _emitFailure(req, "shape");
-          return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-required" });
-        }
-        if (typeof ctr !== "number" || !isFinite(ctr) || ctr < 0 || Math.floor(ctr) !== ctr) {
-          _emitFailure(req, "shape");
-          return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-required" });
-        }
-        // Bootstrap a new session row keyed by sid.
-        session = {
-          sessionKey:       sessionKey,
-          lastReqCtr:       ctr,
-          responsesEmitted: 0,
-          createdAt:        now,
-          lastUsedAt:       now,
-          expiresAt:        now + sessionTtlMs,
-        };
-        try { await sessionStore.set(sid, session, { ttlMs: sessionTtlMs }); }
-        catch (_e) {
-          _emitFailure(req, "session-store-error");
-          return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, { error: "session-store-unavailable" });
-        }
-        _emitObs("apiEncrypt.session.created", 1, { mode: "per-session" });
-        _emitSessionAudit("apiEncrypt.session.created", {
-          actor: requestHelpers.extractActorContext(req),
-          metadata: { sid: sid, expiresAt: session.expiresAt },
-          requestId: req.requestId || null,
-        });
-        sessionCtx = { sid: sid, responseCtr: 1 };
-        session.responsesEmitted = 1;
-      }
-    } else if (keying === "per-session" &&
-               typeof sid === "string" && typeof ctr === "number") {
-      // ---- Per-session subsequent-request path ----
-      if (!_validSid(sid)) {
-        _emitFailure(req, "shape");
-        return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-required" });
-      }
-      if (!isFinite(ctr) || ctr < 0 || Math.floor(ctr) !== ctr) {
-        _emitFailure(req, "shape");
-        return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-required" });
-      }
-      try { session = await sessionStore.get(sid); }
-      catch (_e) {
-        _emitFailure(req, "session-store-error");
-        return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, { error: "session-store-unavailable" });
-      }
-      if (!session) {
-        _emitObs("apiEncrypt.session.unknown", 1, {});
-        _emitFailure(req, "session-unknown");
-        return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.UNAUTHORIZED, { error: "session-unknown" });
-      }
-      if (now > session.expiresAt) {
-        try { await sessionStore.delete(sid); } catch (_e) { /* best-effort */ }
-        _emitObs("apiEncrypt.session.expired", 1, {});
-        _emitSessionAudit("apiEncrypt.session.expired", {
-          outcome: "denied",
-          actor: requestHelpers.extractActorContext(req),
-          metadata: { sid: sid, reason: "ttl_exceeded" },
-          requestId: req.requestId || null,
-        });
-        _emitFailure(req, "session-expired");
-        return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.UNAUTHORIZED, { error: "session-expired" });
-      }
-      if (session.responsesEmitted >= sessionMaxResponses) {
-        try { await sessionStore.delete(sid); } catch (_e) { /* best-effort */ }
-        _emitObs("apiEncrypt.session.rotated", 1, { reason: "max_responses" });
-        _emitSessionAudit("apiEncrypt.session.rotated", {
-          actor: requestHelpers.extractActorContext(req),
-          metadata: { sid: sid, reason: "max_responses_exceeded",
-                      responsesEmitted: session.responsesEmitted },
-          requestId: req.requestId || null,
-        });
-        _emitFailure(req, "session-rotation-required");
-        return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.UNAUTHORIZED, { error: "session-rotation-required" });
-      }
-      // Replay defense: counter MUST strictly increase.
-      if (ctr <= session.lastReqCtr) {
-        _emitObs("apiEncrypt.session.replay_rejected", 1, {});
-        _emitSessionAudit("apiEncrypt.session.replay_rejected", {
-          outcome: "denied",
-          actor: requestHelpers.extractActorContext(req),
-          metadata: { sid: sid, receivedCtr: ctr, lastSeen: session.lastReqCtr },
-          requestId: req.requestId || null,
-        });
-        _emitFailure(req, "counter-replay");
-        return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-rejected" });
-      }
-      sessionKey = session.sessionKey;
-      if (Buffer.isBuffer(sessionKey) === false) {
-        // Operator-supplied store may have JSON-serialised the buffer.
-        // Accept hex / base64 / Uint8Array and coerce.
-        if (typeof sessionKey === "string") {
-          sessionKey = Buffer.from(sessionKey, "base64");
-        } else if (sessionKey && sessionKey.type === "Buffer" && Array.isArray(sessionKey.data)) {
-          sessionKey = Buffer.from(sessionKey.data);
-        } else if (sessionKey instanceof Uint8Array) {
-          sessionKey = Buffer.from(sessionKey);
-        }
-      }
-      if (!Buffer.isBuffer(sessionKey) || sessionKey.length !== SESSION_KEY_BYTES) {
-        _emitFailure(req, "session-store-error");
-        return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, { error: "session-store-unavailable" });
-      }
-      session.lastReqCtr = ctr;
-      session.lastUsedAt = now;
-      session.responsesEmitted += 1;
-      try { await sessionStore.set(sid, session, { ttlMs: session.expiresAt - now }); }
-      catch (_e) { /* best-effort — request still proceeds */ }
-      sessionCtx = { sid: sid, responseCtr: session.responsesEmitted };
-    } else {
-      _emitFailure(req, "shape");
-      return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-required" });
-    }
-
-    // Decrypt _ct → cleartext payload bytes → JSON object.
-    var clearObj;
-    try {
-      var ctBuf = Buffer.from(ct, "base64");
-      var ptBuf = crypto.decryptPacked(ctBuf, sessionKey);
-      clearObj = safeJson.parse(ptBuf.toString("utf8"), { maxBytes: maxDecryptedBytes });
-    } catch (_e) {
-      _emitFailure(req, "tag");
-      return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-rejected" });
-    }
-
-    // Replace req.body with cleartext, stash session key for any
-    // operator code that wants to attach extra encrypted side-channel
-    // data (e.g. send a follow-up encrypted SSE event).
-    req.body = clearObj;
-    req.apiEncryptSessionKey = sessionKey;
-    if (sessionCtx) req.apiEncryptSession = { sid: sessionCtx.sid };
-
-    _wrapResJson(res, sessionKey, sessionCtx);
-    _maybePrune();
-
-    return next();
-  }
-
-  // Route handler that publishes the server's public keys for client
-  // bootstrap. Returns the PEM strings + KEM ID + a stable cache hint
-  // so clients can pin / rotate based on the published keys.
-  function publishPublicKey() {
-    return function publishHandler(_req, res) {
-      var body = {
-        publicKey:    activeKeypair.publicKey,
-        ecPublicKey:  activeKeypair.ecPublicKey,
-        kemId:        C.ACTIVE.KEM,
-        cipherId:     C.ACTIVE.CIPHER,
-        kdfId:        C.ACTIVE.KDF,
-      };
-      if (typeof res.json === "function") return res.json(body);
-      if (!res.headersSent) {
-        res.writeHead(HTTP_STATUS.OK, { "Content-Type": "application/json" });
-      }
-      res.end(JSON.stringify(body));
-    };
-  }
-
-  middleware.publishPublicKey = publishPublicKey;
-  middleware.close = function () {
-    if (typeof nonceStore.close === "function") nonceStore.close();
-    if (sessionStore && typeof sessionStore.close === "function") sessionStore.close();
-  };
-  // Expose for tests / operator dashboards. Counts are 0 in per-request mode.
-  middleware.sessionStore = sessionStore;
-  middleware.keying = keying;
-
-  return middleware;
-}
-
-// ---- Client-side helper ----
-//
-// Operators import this in their browser/mobile/native code or in
-// service-to-service callers. The pubkey shape MUST match what
-// publishPublicKey() returns: { publicKey, ecPublicKey, kemId,
-// cipherId, kdfId }.
-
-function client(opts) {
-  opts = opts || {};
-  validateOpts(opts, ["pubkey", "maxDecryptedBytes", "keying"], "middleware.apiEncrypt.client");
-  if (!opts.pubkey || typeof opts.pubkey !== "object") {
-    throw _err("CLIENT_INVALID_PUBKEY",
-      "apiEncrypt.client: opts.pubkey is required ({ publicKey, ecPublicKey })", 500);
-  }
-  if (typeof opts.pubkey.publicKey !== "string" ||
-      typeof opts.pubkey.ecPublicKey !== "string") {
-    throw _err("CLIENT_INVALID_PUBKEY",
-      "apiEncrypt.client: pubkey.publicKey + ecPublicKey must be PEM strings", 500);
-  }
-  var pubkey = opts.pubkey;
-  var maxDecryptedBytes = opts.maxDecryptedBytes != null
-    ? opts.maxDecryptedBytes
-    : C.BYTES.mib(4);
-  var keying = opts.keying != null ? opts.keying : "per-request";
-  if (keying !== "per-request" && keying !== "per-session") {
-    throw _err("CLIENT_BAD_OPT",
-      "apiEncrypt.client: keying must be 'per-request' (default) or 'per-session', got " +
-      JSON.stringify(opts.keying), 500);
-  }
-
-  if (keying === "per-request") {
-    return { encryptRequest: _encryptPerRequest, keying: keying };
-  }
-
-  // Per-session: stateful client. encryptRequest mutates internal counter.
-  // First call sends the bootstrap envelope; subsequent calls omit _ek/_nonce
-  // and increment the counter. Operator can call resetSession() to force a
-  // new bootstrap (e.g. after server returns "session-expired").
-  var perSessionKey = null;
-  var perSessionSid = null;
-  var perSessionReqCtr = 0;
-  var perSessionLastResCtr = 0;
-
-  function _resetSession() {
-    perSessionKey = crypto.generateBytes(SESSION_KEY_BYTES);
-    perSessionSid = _generateUuidV4();
-    perSessionReqCtr = 0;
-    perSessionLastResCtr = 0;
-  }
-
-  function _decryptPerSessionResponse(responseBody) {
-    if (!responseBody || typeof responseBody !== "object" ||
-        typeof responseBody._ct !== "string") {
-      throw _err("CLIENT_RESPONSE_SHAPE",
-        "apiEncrypt.client: response missing _ct field");
-    }
-    if (typeof responseBody._sid !== "string" || responseBody._sid !== perSessionSid) {
-      throw _err("CLIENT_RESPONSE_SID",
-        "apiEncrypt.client: response sid does not match opened session");
-    }
-    if (typeof responseBody._ctr !== "number" || responseBody._ctr <= perSessionLastResCtr) {
-      throw _err("CLIENT_RESPONSE_REPLAY",
-        "apiEncrypt.client: response counter is not strictly increasing " +
-        "(got " + responseBody._ctr + ", lastSeen " + perSessionLastResCtr + ")");
-    }
-    perSessionLastResCtr = responseBody._ctr;
-    var resCtBuf = Buffer.from(responseBody._ct, "base64");
-    var resPtBuf = crypto.decryptPacked(resCtBuf, perSessionKey);
-    return safeJson.parse(resPtBuf.toString("utf8"), { maxBytes: maxDecryptedBytes });
-  }
-
-  function _encryptPerSession(payload) {
-    if (payload === undefined) payload = null;
-    if (!perSessionKey) _resetSession();
-    var ts = Date.now();
-    var ptBuf = Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(payload), "utf8");
-    var ctBuf = crypto.encryptPacked(ptBuf, perSessionKey);
-    perSessionReqCtr += 1;
-    var body;
-    if (perSessionReqCtr === 1) {
-      // Bootstrap envelope — full _ek + _nonce; server stores sid → sessionKey.
-      var ek = crypto.encrypt(perSessionKey.toString("base64"), pubkey);
-      var nonce = crypto.generateBytes(REQUEST_NONCE_BYTES).toString("hex");
-      body = {
-        _ek:    ek,
-        _ct:    ctBuf.toString("base64"),
-        _ts:    ts,
-        _nonce: nonce,
-        _sid:   perSessionSid,
-        _ctr:   perSessionReqCtr,
-      };
-    } else {
-      // Subsequent — sid + ctr only. KEM material amortized across the session.
-      body = {
-        _ct:    ctBuf.toString("base64"),
-        _ts:    ts,
-        _sid:   perSessionSid,
-        _ctr:   perSessionReqCtr,
-      };
-    }
-    return { body: body, decryptResponse: _decryptPerSessionResponse };
-  }
-
-  function _encryptPerRequest(payload) {
-    if (payload === undefined) payload = null;
-    var sessionKey = crypto.generateBytes(SESSION_KEY_BYTES);
-    var ek = crypto.encrypt(sessionKey.toString("base64"), pubkey);
-    var ptBuf = Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(payload), "utf8");
-    var ctBuf = crypto.encryptPacked(ptBuf, sessionKey);
-    var requestNonce = crypto.generateBytes(REQUEST_NONCE_BYTES).toString("hex");
-    var ts = Date.now();
-    return {
-      body: {
-        _ek:    ek,
-        _ct:    ctBuf.toString("base64"),
-        _ts:    ts,
-        _nonce: requestNonce,
-      },
-      decryptResponse: function (responseBody) {
-        if (!responseBody || typeof responseBody !== "object" ||
-            typeof responseBody._ct !== "string") {
-          throw _err("CLIENT_RESPONSE_SHAPE",
-            "apiEncrypt.client: response missing _ct field");
-        }
-        var resCtBuf = Buffer.from(responseBody._ct, "base64");
-        var resPtBuf = crypto.decryptPacked(resCtBuf, sessionKey);
-        return safeJson.parse(resPtBuf.toString("utf8"), { maxBytes: maxDecryptedBytes });
-      },
-    };
-  }
-
-  return {
-    encryptRequest: _encryptPerSession,
-    resetSession:   _resetSession,
-    sessionInfo:    function () {
-      return {
-        sid: perSessionSid,
-        reqCtr: perSessionReqCtr,
-        lastResCtr: perSessionLastResCtr,
-      };
-    },
-    keying: keying,
-  };
-}
-
-// _generateUuidV4 — UUID v4 from 16 random bytes, formatted dash-separated.
-// Used for client-side session-id generation in per-session keying.
-// Slice offsets are RFC 4122 UUID hex-byte boundaries (`xxxxxxxx-xxxx-Mxxx-Nxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx`)
-// — protocol-fixed values, not byte sizes. allow:raw-byte-literal
-function _generateUuidV4() {
-  var b = crypto.generateBytes(16);                     // allow:raw-byte-literal — UUID is exactly 16 bytes
-  // Set version (4) and variant (10x) bits per RFC 4122.
-  b[6] = (b[6] & 0x0f) | 0x40;
-  b[8] = (b[8] & 0x3f) | 0x80;
-  var hex = b.toString("hex");
-  return hex.slice(0, 8) + "-" +                        // allow:raw-byte-literal — RFC 4122 hex offsets
-         hex.slice(8, 12) + "-" +                       // allow:raw-byte-literal
-         hex.slice(12, 16) + "-" +                      // allow:raw-byte-literal
-         hex.slice(16, 20) + "-" +                      // allow:raw-byte-literal
-         hex.slice(20, 32);                             // allow:raw-byte-literal
-}
-
-// ---- Server-to-server convenience ----
-//
-// Wraps the framework's HTTP client so service-to-service callers
-// don't have to juggle encryptRequest + httpClient.request +
-// JSON parsing + decryptResponse on every call. The pubkey is the
-// callee's public bootstrap document (the JSON `publishPublicKey()`
-// returns) so this helper works between any two blamejs instances.
-//
-//   var enc = b.httpClient.encrypted({
-//     pubkey:  callee.pubkey,           // { publicKey, ecPublicKey }
-//     baseUrl: "https://callee.example",
-//     headers: { Authorization: "Bearer ..." },
-//   });
-//   var resp = await enc.request({
-//     method: "POST",
-//     path:   "/api/widget",
-//     body:   { user: "alice" },
-//   });
-//   resp.body  // → decrypted plaintext object
-//
-// The helper handles only JSON-shaped request/response payloads,
-// matching the middleware's contentTypes default.
-function httpClientEncrypted(opts) {
-  opts = opts || {};
-  validateOpts(opts, [
-    "pubkey", "baseUrl", "headers", "method", "maxDecryptedBytes", "keying",
-  ], "middleware.apiEncrypt.httpClient");
-  if (!opts.pubkey) {
-    throw _err("CLIENT_INVALID_PUBKEY",
-      "httpClient.encrypted: opts.pubkey is required (the callee's bootstrap doc)", 500);
-  }
-  var maxDecryptedBytes = opts.maxDecryptedBytes != null
-    ? opts.maxDecryptedBytes
-    : C.BYTES.mib(4);
-  var keying = opts.keying != null ? opts.keying : "per-request";
-  var clientCtx = client({
-    pubkey: opts.pubkey,
-    maxDecryptedBytes: maxDecryptedBytes,
-    keying: keying,
-  });
-  var baseUrl       = opts.baseUrl ? String(opts.baseUrl).replace(/\/$/, "") : "";
-  var defaultHdrs   = opts.headers || {};
-  var defaultMethod = opts.method  || "POST";
-
-  function _resolveUrl(reqOpts) {
-    if (typeof reqOpts.url === "string" && reqOpts.url.length > 0) return reqOpts.url;
-    if (typeof reqOpts.path === "string" && reqOpts.path.length > 0) {
-      if (!baseUrl) {
-        throw _err("CLIENT_INVALID_URL",
-          "httpClient.encrypted.request: { path } requires opts.baseUrl at create time", 500);
-      }
-      return baseUrl + (reqOpts.path[0] === "/" ? reqOpts.path : "/" + reqOpts.path);
-    }
-    throw _err("CLIENT_INVALID_URL",
-      "httpClient.encrypted.request: requires { url } or { path } (with opts.baseUrl)", 500);
-  }
-
-  async function request(reqOpts) {
-    reqOpts = reqOpts || {};
-    var url = _resolveUrl(reqOpts);
-    var encrypted = clientCtx.encryptRequest(
-      reqOpts.body !== undefined ? reqOpts.body : null
-    );
-
-    // Merge headers — operator's per-request headers win over default
-    // headers, but Content-Type is forced because the encrypted body
-    // is always JSON.
-    var headers = Object.assign({}, defaultHdrs, reqOpts.headers || {});
-    headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json";
-
-    var passThrough = {};
-    var passable = ["allowedProtocols", "allowInternal", "idleTimeoutMs", "maxResponseBytes",
-                    "agent", "errorClass"];
-    for (var i = 0; i < passable.length; i++) {
-      if (reqOpts[passable[i]] !== undefined) passThrough[passable[i]] = reqOpts[passable[i]];
-    }
-
-    var rawBody = Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(encrypted.body), "utf8");
-    var resp = await httpClient().request(Object.assign({
-      url:     url,
-      method:  reqOpts.method || defaultMethod,
-      headers: headers,
-      body:    rawBody,
-    }, passThrough));
-
-    // Empty body → no decryption (e.g. 204 No Content).
-    if (!resp.body || resp.body.length === 0) {
-      return { statusCode: resp.statusCode, headers: resp.headers, body: null };
-    }
-    var parsed;
-    try { parsed = safeJson.parse(resp.body.toString("utf8"), { maxBytes: maxDecryptedBytes }); }
-    catch (e) {
-      throw _err("CLIENT_RESPONSE_NOT_JSON",
-        "httpClient.encrypted: response body is not valid JSON: " + e.message);
-    }
-    return {
-      statusCode: resp.statusCode,
-      headers:    resp.headers,
-      body:       encrypted.decryptResponse(parsed),
-    };
-  }
-
-  return { request: request };
-}
-
-module.exports = Object.assign(create, {
-  client:           client,
-  httpClient:       httpClientEncrypted,
-  ApiEncryptError:  ApiEncryptError,
-});
+"use strict";
+/**
+ * api-encrypt — end-to-end PQC payload encryption for operator-
+ * controlled clients.
+ *
+ * TLS protects browser ↔ load-balancer; api-encrypt protects request
+ * and response bodies *end-to-end* through every intermediate hop
+ * (LB → app cleartext segment, sidecar proxy, queue, log aggregator,
+ * APM tooling). A tampered byte anywhere downstream of the encrypted
+ * boundary fails the AEAD tag at this middleware before the route
+ * handler runs.
+ *
+ * Threat model targets:
+ *   - Stripped-or-MITM TLS at any internal hop
+ *   - Body capture at log aggregators / APM tooling
+ *   - Replay (timestamp + nonce window catches it)
+ *   - Forged client requests (no key holder = no valid ciphertext)
+ *
+ * What it does NOT defend against:
+ *   - Semantic attacks from authorized clients (a key-holder can
+ *     encrypt a malicious payload validly — safe-schema is the next
+ *     layer)
+ *   - Server-side key compromise
+ *   - Application logic bugs in handlers
+ *
+ * The encryption layer is for operator-controlled clients (your
+ * mobile app, your service-to-service traffic). Public APIs that
+ * accept third-party callers should use TLS + webhook signatures
+ * instead — the encryption requires a key bootstrap step.
+ *
+ * Wire format (request body, JSON):
+ *
+ *   {
+ *     _ek:    "<base64 envelope>",   // session key wrapped to server pubkey
+ *     _ct:    "<base64 packed>",     // payload encrypted with session key
+ *     _ts:    1738000000000,         // unix ms
+ *     _nonce: "<32 hex>"             // 16 random bytes, replay-checked
+ *   }
+ *
+ * Wire format (response body, JSON):
+ *
+ *   { _ct: "<base64 packed>" }       // same session key, fresh nonce
+ *
+ * Crypto:
+ *   - _ek is the framework's standard envelope encrypt:
+ *       ML-KEM-1024 + P-384 ECDH hybrid → SHAKE256 KDF → XChaCha20-Poly1305
+ *     The plaintext inside the envelope is the base64-encoded session key.
+ *   - _ct is the framework's encryptPacked symmetric format:
+ *       1-byte version + 24-byte XChaCha20-Poly1305 nonce + ciphertext + tag
+ *     Keyed by the session key recovered from _ek.
+ *
+ * Operator API:
+ *
+ *   var apiEncrypt = b.middleware.apiEncrypt({
+ *     keypair:        { publicKey, privateKey, ecPublicKey, ecPrivateKey },
+ *     replayWindowMs: C.TIME.minutes(5),
+ *     nonceStore:     b.nonceStore.create({ backend: 'cluster' }),
+ *     exemptPaths:    ["/healthz", "/.well-known/blamejs-pubkey"],
+ *     contentTypes:   ["application/json"],   // default; pass null to disable
+ *   });
+ *   router.use(apiEncrypt);
+ *   router.get("/.well-known/blamejs-pubkey", apiEncrypt.publishPublicKey());
+ *
+ *   // Outbound (server-to-server, browser/mobile, etc.):
+ *   var client = b.middleware.apiEncrypt.client({ pubkey });
+ *   var { body, decryptResponse } = client.encryptRequest({ msg: "hi" });
+ *
+ *   // Server-to-server with framework HTTP client:
+ *   var enc = b.httpClient.encrypted({ pubkey, baseUrl: "https://service" });
+ *   var resp = await enc.request({ method: "POST", path: "/api/widget", body: { ... } });
+ *
+ * Key rotation:
+ *   To rotate the server keypair, generate a new keypair and pass BOTH
+ *   the new and the previous keypair to the middleware as `keypairs`:
+ *
+ *     b.middleware.apiEncrypt({
+ *       keypairs: [newKeypair, prevKeypair],
+ *       ...
+ *     });
+ *
+ *   keypairs[0] is the "active" keypair — published by publishPublicKey()
+ *   so new client-side bootstraps pin to it. Both keypairs are tried
+ *   when decrypting `_ek`, so in-flight requests still encrypted to the
+ *   previous keypair continue to decrypt for as long as the previous
+ *   keypair stays in the array. Operators drop the previous keypair
+ *   from the array once the rotation overlap window has elapsed.
+ *
+ * Failure surfacing:
+ *   AEAD tag failure / stale timestamp / replay / malformed envelope
+ *   all return 400 with the same body { error: "encrypted-payload-rejected" }.
+ *   The category that actually matched lands in the audit event +
+ *   b.events.API_ENCRYPT_FAILURE so operators get metrics / alerting
+ *   without leaking which check the attacker tripped. Missing _ek /
+ *   _ct / _ts / _nonce on a non-exempt path is distinguishable in the
+ *   response ("encrypted-payload-required") so operators with hybrid
+ *   public/private routes can debug their wiring.
+ */
+
+var crypto = require("../crypto");
+var C = require("../constants");
+var lazyRequire = require("../lazy-require");
+var nonceStoreLib = require("../nonce-store");
+var requestHelpers = require("../request-helpers");
+var safeJson = require("../safe-json");
+var validateOpts = require("../validate-opts");
+var { defineClass } = require("../framework-error");
+
+var audit      = lazyRequire(function () { return require("../audit"); });
+var events     = lazyRequire(function () { return require("../events"); });
+var httpClient = lazyRequire(function () { return require("../http-client"); });
+var logger     = lazyRequire(function () { return require("../log").boot("api-encrypt"); });
+
+var ApiEncryptError = defineClass("ApiEncryptError", { withStatusCode: true });
+
+var DEFAULT_REPLAY_WINDOW_MS = C.TIME.minutes(5);
+var DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPES = ["application/json"];
+var SESSION_KEY_BYTES = C.BYTES.bytes(32);
+var REQUEST_NONCE_BYTES = C.BYTES.bytes(16);
+var DEFAULT_SESSION_TTL_MS = C.TIME.minutes(15);
+// 1024 ≈ "a session with a thousand response rotations" — round-number
+// kibi-aligned default; operators raise this for chat / streaming sessions
+// or lower it for strict per-key forward-secrecy postures.
+var DEFAULT_SESSION_MAX_RESPONSES = 0x400;
+// SID format: UUID-shaped string. Operators with their own session-id
+// vocabulary subscribe to the same shape (cluster-storage / cache backends
+// already index on string keys).
+var SID_RE = /^[0-9A-Fa-f]{8}-[0-9A-Fa-f]{4}-[0-9A-Fa-f]{4}-[0-9A-Fa-f]{4}-[0-9A-Fa-f]{12}$/;
+var SID_MAX_LENGTH = C.BYTES.bytes(64);
+
+function _err(code, message, statusCode) {
+  return new ApiEncryptError(code, message, true, statusCode || 400);
+}
+
+function _validateKeypair(kp, label) {
+  if (!kp || typeof kp !== "object") {
+    throw _err("INVALID_KEYPAIR", "apiEncrypt: " + label + " is required", 500);
+  }
+  if (typeof kp.publicKey !== "string" || typeof kp.privateKey !== "string") {
+    throw _err("INVALID_KEYPAIR",
+      "apiEncrypt: " + label + ".publicKey + .privateKey are required (ML-KEM-1024 PEM)", 500);
+  }
+  if (typeof kp.ecPublicKey !== "string" || typeof kp.ecPrivateKey !== "string") {
+    throw _err("INVALID_KEYPAIR",
+      "apiEncrypt: " + label + ".ecPublicKey + .ecPrivateKey are required (P-384 PEM hybrid)", 500);
+  }
+}
+
+// Resolve the operator's keypair input into an ordered array. The
+// first keypair is "active" — used by publishPublicKey() and as the
+// hint for response encryption (responses use the per-request session
+// key, so the active keypair only matters for what the bootstrap
+// endpoint advertises). Every keypair in the array is tried in order
+// when decrypting `_ek` so that during a rotation overlap window,
+// in-flight requests encrypted to a previous keypair still decrypt
+// successfully.
+function _resolveKeypairs(opts) {
+  if (Array.isArray(opts.keypairs)) {
+    if (opts.keypairs.length === 0) {
+      throw _err("INVALID_KEYPAIR", "apiEncrypt: keypairs must be a non-empty array", 500);
+    }
+    opts.keypairs.forEach(function (kp, i) { _validateKeypair(kp, "keypairs[" + i + "]"); });
+    return opts.keypairs.slice();
+  }
+  if (opts.keypair) {
+    _validateKeypair(opts.keypair, "keypair");
+    return [opts.keypair];
+  }
+  throw _err("INVALID_KEYPAIR",
+    "apiEncrypt: { keypair } or { keypairs: [...] } is required", 500);
+}
+
+var HTTP_STATUS = requestHelpers.HTTP_STATUS;
+
+// _defaultSessionStore — in-memory session table for single-process
+// deployments. Operators with multi-replica deploys pass an
+// operator-supplied store (b.cache.create({ backend: "cluster" }) or any
+// `{ get, set, delete }`-shaped handle). Per-replica isolation in default
+// mode means sticky sessions; the limit is documented in the wiki.
+//
+//   .get(sid)  → row | null
+//   .set(sid, row, { ttlMs }) → void
+//   .delete(sid) → void
+//
+// Each row stores:
+//   { sessionKey: Buffer, lastReqCtr: int, responsesEmitted: int,
+//     createdAt: ms, expiresAt: ms, lastUsedAt: ms }
+function _defaultSessionStore() {
+  var rows = new Map();
+  return {
+    get: function (sid) {
+      var row = rows.get(sid);
+      if (!row) return null;
+      if (Date.now() > row.expiresAt) {
+        rows.delete(sid);
+        return null;
+      }
+      return row;
+    },
+    set: function (sid, row /* opts */) {
+      rows.set(sid, row);
+    },
+    delete: function (sid) {
+      rows.delete(sid);
+    },
+    purgeExpired: function () {
+      var now = Date.now();
+      var purged = 0;
+      rows.forEach(function (row, sid) {
+        if (now > row.expiresAt) { rows.delete(sid); purged += 1; }
+      });
+      return purged;
+    },
+    size: function () { return rows.size; },
+    close: function () { rows.clear(); },
+  };
+}
+
+function _validSid(sid) {
+  return typeof sid === "string" &&
+         sid.length > 0 &&
+         sid.length <= SID_MAX_LENGTH &&
+         SID_RE.test(sid);
+}
+
+function _writeRejection(res, code, body) {
+  if (res.headersSent || res.writableEnded) return;
+  if (typeof res.writeHead === "function") {
+    res.writeHead(code, { "Content-Type": "application/json" });
+    res.end(JSON.stringify(body));
+  }
+}
+
+// ---- Server-side middleware ----
+
+function create(opts) {
+  opts = opts || {};
+  validateOpts(opts, [
+    "keypair", "keypairs", "replayWindowMs", "pruneIntervalMs",
+    "nonceStore", "exemptPaths", "contentTypes", "audit",
+    "maxDecryptedBytes", "trustProxy",
+    // Per-session keying mode (opt-in; per-request stays default).
+    "keying", "sessionStore", "sessionTtlMs", "sessionMaxResponses",
+    "observability",
+  ], "middleware.apiEncrypt");
+  var keypairs       = _resolveKeypairs(opts);
+  var activeKeypair  = keypairs[0];
+  var replayWindowMs = opts.replayWindowMs || DEFAULT_REPLAY_WINDOW_MS;
+  // Cap on decrypted-payload size handed to safeJson.parse. Defaults
+  // to 4 MiB (bodyParser's default 1 MiB plus headroom for crypto +
+  // base64 round-trip). Operators with chunkier inbound payloads
+  // raise this; the framework refuses to parse anything larger as a
+  // parse-bomb defense.
+  var maxDecryptedBytes = opts.maxDecryptedBytes != null
+    ? opts.maxDecryptedBytes
+    : C.BYTES.mib(4);
+  // The spec calls for a sweep cadence of replayWindowMs/2 — short
+  // enough that expired nonces don't pile up but not so frequent the
+  // sweep query becomes a hot path. Operators can override.
+  var pruneIntervalMs = opts.pruneIntervalMs != null
+    ? opts.pruneIntervalMs : Math.max(C.TIME.seconds(30), Math.floor(replayWindowMs / 2));
+  var nonceStore     = opts.nonceStore || nonceStoreLib.create({ backend: "memory" });
+  var exemptPaths    = Array.isArray(opts.exemptPaths) ? opts.exemptPaths.slice() : [];
+  // contentTypes scoping — middleware only operates on requests whose
+  // Content-Type is in this list. Default JSON; operators with more
+  // exotic clients (form-encoded, gRPC-web, etc.) widen the list.
+  // Set to null/false/empty array to disable content-type filtering
+  // (treat every non-exempt request as encrypted).
+  var contentTypes   = opts.contentTypes === null || opts.contentTypes === false
+    ? null
+    : (Array.isArray(opts.contentTypes) && opts.contentTypes.length > 0
+        ? opts.contentTypes.slice()
+        : DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPES.slice());
+  var auditOn        = opts.audit !== false;
+  var trustProxy     = opts.trustProxy === true;
+  var lastPruneAt    = 0;
+
+  // ---- per-session keying opts ----
+  var keying = opts.keying != null ? opts.keying : "per-request";
+  if (keying !== "per-request" && keying !== "per-session") {
+    throw _err("BAD_OPT",
+      "apiEncrypt: keying must be 'per-request' (default) or 'per-session', got " +
+      JSON.stringify(opts.keying), 500);
+  }
+  var sessionTtlMs = opts.sessionTtlMs != null ? opts.sessionTtlMs : DEFAULT_SESSION_TTL_MS;
+  var sessionMaxResponses = opts.sessionMaxResponses != null
+    ? opts.sessionMaxResponses : DEFAULT_SESSION_MAX_RESPONSES;
+  if (typeof sessionTtlMs !== "number" || !isFinite(sessionTtlMs) || sessionTtlMs <= 0) {
+    throw _err("BAD_OPT",
+      "apiEncrypt: sessionTtlMs must be a positive finite number (ms), got " +
+      JSON.stringify(opts.sessionTtlMs), 500);
+  }
+  if (typeof sessionMaxResponses !== "number" || !isFinite(sessionMaxResponses) ||
+      sessionMaxResponses <= 0 || Math.floor(sessionMaxResponses) !== sessionMaxResponses) {
+    throw _err("BAD_OPT",
+      "apiEncrypt: sessionMaxResponses must be a positive finite integer, got " +
+      JSON.stringify(opts.sessionMaxResponses), 500);
+  }
+  // sessionStore — duck-typed handle exposing { get, set, delete }. The
+  // helper optionalObjectWithMethod only checks one method; here we need
+  // three. Inline shape kept; not a generic enough pattern to warrant a
+  // separate helper.
+  if (opts.sessionStore !== undefined && opts.sessionStore !== null) {
+    var ss = opts.sessionStore;
+    var ssOk = typeof ss === "object" &&
+               typeof ss.get === "function" &&
+               typeof ss.set === "function" &&
+               typeof ss.delete === "function";
+    if (!ssOk) {
+      throw _err("BAD_OPT",
+        "apiEncrypt: sessionStore must expose { get(sid), set(sid, row, opts?), delete(sid) } " +
+        "(b.cache.create() is shape-compatible)", 500);
+    }
+  }
+  var sessionStore = (keying === "per-session" && opts.sessionStore)
+    ? opts.sessionStore
+    : (keying === "per-session" ? _defaultSessionStore() : null);
+  // Observability tap — per-session emits counters for sessions
+  // established / replay-rejected / expired / rotated. Per-request mode
+  // ignores this opt; the existing events.API_ENCRYPT_FAILURE channel
+  // already carries failure shape there.
+  validateOpts.observabilityShape(opts.observability,
+    "apiEncrypt", ApiEncryptError, "BAD_OPT");
+  var observabilityHandle = opts.observability || null;
+  function _emitObs(name, value, labels) {
+    if (observabilityHandle) {
+      observabilityHandle.safeEvent(name, value, labels || {});
+    }
+  }
+  function _emitSessionAudit(action, info) {
+    if (!auditOn) return;
+    try {
+      audit().safeEmit({
+        action: action, outcome: info.outcome || "success",
+        metadata: info.metadata || {},
+        actor: info.actor || null,
+        requestId: info.requestId || null,
+      });
+    } catch (_e) { /* audit best-effort */ }
+  }
+
+  function _isExempt(req) {
+    var p = req.pathname || (req.url || "/").split("?")[0];
+    for (var i = 0; i < exemptPaths.length; i++) {
+      var rule = exemptPaths[i];
+      if (typeof rule === "string" ? p === rule || p.indexOf(rule + "/") === 0 : rule.test(p)) {
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  function _matchesContentType(req) {
+    if (!contentTypes) return true;  // filtering disabled
+    var ct = req.headers && (req.headers["content-type"] || req.headers["Content-Type"]);
+    if (typeof ct !== "string") return false;
+    // Strip parameters like "; charset=utf-8"
+    var bare = ct.split(";")[0].trim().toLowerCase();
+    for (var i = 0; i < contentTypes.length; i++) {
+      if (contentTypes[i].toLowerCase() === bare) return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  function _emitFailure(req, reason) {
+    var info = {
+      reason:    reason,
+      ip:        requestHelpers.clientIp(req, { trustProxy: trustProxy }),
+      path:      req.pathname || (req.url || "/").split("?")[0],
+      method:    req.method,
+      ts:        new Date().toISOString(),
+      requestId: req.requestId || null,
+    };
+    if (auditOn) {
+      audit().safeEmit({
+        actor:    requestHelpers.extractActorContext(req),
+        action:   "system.api_encrypt.failure",
+        outcome:  "denied",
+        reason:   reason,
+        metadata: { reason: reason, path: info.path, method: info.method },
+        requestId: info.requestId,
+      });
+    }
+    try { events().emit(events().EVENTS.API_ENCRYPT_FAILURE, info); }
+    catch (_e) { /* events best-effort */ }
+  }
+
+  function _maybePrune() {
+    var now = Date.now();
+    if (now - lastPruneAt < pruneIntervalMs) return;
+    lastPruneAt = now;
+    nonceStore.purgeExpired().catch(function (e) {
+      try {
+        logger().warn("nonce-store prune failed: " + ((e && e.message) || String(e)));
+      } catch (_e) { /* logger best-effort */ }
+    });
+  }
+
+  // _wrapResJson — install res.json that encrypts the response with the
+  // session key. In per-request mode the response is `{ _ct }`; in
+  // per-session mode it carries `{ _ct, _sid, _ctr }` so the client can
+  // detect tampered / replayed responses with a monotonic counter check.
+  function _wrapResJson(res, sessionKey, sessionCtx) {
+    var origJson = res.json;
+    res.json = function (data) {
+      try {
+        var ptBuf = Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(data), "utf8");
+        var ctBuf = crypto.encryptPacked(ptBuf, sessionKey);
+        var encrypted = { _ct: ctBuf.toString("base64") };
+        if (sessionCtx) {
+          encrypted._sid = sessionCtx.sid;
+          encrypted._ctr = sessionCtx.responseCtr;
+        }
+        if (typeof origJson === "function") {
+          return origJson.call(res, encrypted);
+        }
+        // Fallback if router didn't install res.json yet.
+        if (!res.headersSent) {
+          res.writeHead(res.statusCode || HTTP_STATUS.OK, { "Content-Type": "application/json" });
+        }
+        res.end(JSON.stringify(encrypted));
+      } catch (e) {
+        try {
+          logger().error("response encryption failed: " + ((e && e.message) || String(e)));
+        } catch (_e) { /* logger best-effort */ }
+        if (!res.headersSent) {
+          res.writeHead(HTTP_STATUS.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, { "Content-Type": "application/json" });
+        }
+        res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "response-encryption-failed" }));
+      }
+    };
+  }
+
+  // _decryptEkToSessionKey — try every keypair in order; returns the
+  // 32-byte sessionKey buffer or null on AEAD failure across all keypairs.
+  function _decryptEkToSessionKey(ek) {
+    for (var ki = 0; ki < keypairs.length; ki++) {
+      try {
+        var sessionKeyB64 = crypto.decrypt(ek, keypairs[ki]);
+        var candidate = Buffer.from(sessionKeyB64, "base64");
+        if (candidate.length === SESSION_KEY_BYTES) return candidate;
+      } catch (_e) { /* try next keypair */ }
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  async function middleware(req, res, next) {
+    if (_isExempt(req)) return next();
+    if (!_matchesContentType(req)) return next();
+
+    var body = req.body;
+    if (!body || typeof body !== "object") {
+      _emitFailure(req, "shape");
+      return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-required" });
+    }
+
+    var now = Date.now();
+    var ct = body._ct, ts = body._ts;
+    if (typeof ct !== "string" || typeof ts !== "number") {
+      _emitFailure(req, "shape");
+      return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-required" });
+    }
+    if (Math.abs(now - ts) > replayWindowMs) {
+      _emitFailure(req, "stale");
+      return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-rejected" });
+    }
+
+    // Per-request OR per-session bootstrap path: shape includes _ek + _nonce.
+    // Per-session subsequent path: shape includes _sid + _ctr (no _ek).
+    var ek = body._ek, nonce = body._nonce, sid = body._sid, ctr = body._ctr;
+    var sessionKey = null;
+    var sessionCtx = null;             // null = per-request mode response shape
+    var session = null;
+
+    if (typeof ek === "string" && typeof nonce === "string") {
+      // ---- Bootstrap path (per-request mode OR first request of session) ----
+      var nonceHash = crypto.sha3Hash(nonce, "hex");
+      var expireAt = now + replayWindowMs;
+      var freshNonce;
+      try { freshNonce = await nonceStore.checkAndInsert(nonceHash, expireAt); }
+      catch (_e) {
+        _emitFailure(req, "nonce-store-error");
+        return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, { error: "nonce-store-unavailable" });
+      }
+      if (!freshNonce) {
+        _emitFailure(req, "replay");
+        return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-rejected" });
+      }
+      sessionKey = _decryptEkToSessionKey(ek);
+      if (!sessionKey) {
+        _emitFailure(req, "tag");
+        return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-rejected" });
+      }
+      if (keying === "per-session") {
+        if (!_validSid(sid)) {
+          _emitFailure(req, "shape");
+          return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-required" });
+        }
+        if (typeof ctr !== "number" || !isFinite(ctr) || ctr < 0 || Math.floor(ctr) !== ctr) {
+          _emitFailure(req, "shape");
+          return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-required" });
+        }
+        // Bootstrap a new session row keyed by sid.
+        session = {
+          sessionKey:       sessionKey,
+          lastReqCtr:       ctr,
+          responsesEmitted: 0,
+          createdAt:        now,
+          lastUsedAt:       now,
+          expiresAt:        now + sessionTtlMs,
+        };
+        try { await sessionStore.set(sid, session, { ttlMs: sessionTtlMs }); }
+        catch (_e) {
+          _emitFailure(req, "session-store-error");
+          return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, { error: "session-store-unavailable" });
+        }
+        _emitObs("apiEncrypt.session.created", 1, { mode: "per-session" });
+        _emitSessionAudit("apiEncrypt.session.created", {
+          actor: requestHelpers.extractActorContext(req),
+          metadata: { sid: sid, expiresAt: session.expiresAt },
+          requestId: req.requestId || null,
+        });
+        sessionCtx = { sid: sid, responseCtr: 1 };
+        session.responsesEmitted = 1;
+      }
+    } else if (keying === "per-session" &&
+               typeof sid === "string" && typeof ctr === "number") {
+      // ---- Per-session subsequent-request path ----
+      if (!_validSid(sid)) {
+        _emitFailure(req, "shape");
+        return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-required" });
+      }
+      if (!isFinite(ctr) || ctr < 0 || Math.floor(ctr) !== ctr) {
+        _emitFailure(req, "shape");
+        return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-required" });
+      }
+      try { session = await sessionStore.get(sid); }
+      catch (_e) {
+        _emitFailure(req, "session-store-error");
+        return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, { error: "session-store-unavailable" });
+      }
+      if (!session) {
+        _emitObs("apiEncrypt.session.unknown", 1, {});
+        _emitFailure(req, "session-unknown");
+        return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.UNAUTHORIZED, { error: "session-unknown" });
+      }
+      if (now > session.expiresAt) {
+        try { await sessionStore.delete(sid); } catch (_e) { /* best-effort */ }
+        _emitObs("apiEncrypt.session.expired", 1, {});
+        _emitSessionAudit("apiEncrypt.session.expired", {
+          outcome: "denied",
+          actor: requestHelpers.extractActorContext(req),
+          metadata: { sid: sid, reason: "ttl_exceeded" },
+          requestId: req.requestId || null,
+        });
+        _emitFailure(req, "session-expired");
+        return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.UNAUTHORIZED, { error: "session-expired" });
+      }
+      if (session.responsesEmitted >= sessionMaxResponses) {
+        try { await sessionStore.delete(sid); } catch (_e) { /* best-effort */ }
+        _emitObs("apiEncrypt.session.rotated", 1, { reason: "max_responses" });
+        _emitSessionAudit("apiEncrypt.session.rotated", {
+          actor: requestHelpers.extractActorContext(req),
+          metadata: { sid: sid, reason: "max_responses_exceeded",
+                      responsesEmitted: session.responsesEmitted },
+          requestId: req.requestId || null,
+        });
+        _emitFailure(req, "session-rotation-required");
+        return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.UNAUTHORIZED, { error: "session-rotation-required" });
+      }
+      // Replay defense: counter MUST strictly increase.
+      if (ctr <= session.lastReqCtr) {
+        _emitObs("apiEncrypt.session.replay_rejected", 1, {});
+        _emitSessionAudit("apiEncrypt.session.replay_rejected", {
+          outcome: "denied",
+          actor: requestHelpers.extractActorContext(req),
+          metadata: { sid: sid, receivedCtr: ctr, lastSeen: session.lastReqCtr },
+          requestId: req.requestId || null,
+        });
+        _emitFailure(req, "counter-replay");
+        return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-rejected" });
+      }
+      sessionKey = session.sessionKey;
+      if (Buffer.isBuffer(sessionKey) === false) {
+        // Operator-supplied store may have JSON-serialised the buffer.
+        // Accept hex / base64 / Uint8Array and coerce.
+        if (typeof sessionKey === "string") {
+          sessionKey = Buffer.from(sessionKey, "base64");
+        } else if (sessionKey && sessionKey.type === "Buffer" && Array.isArray(sessionKey.data)) {
+          sessionKey = Buffer.from(sessionKey.data);
+        } else if (sessionKey instanceof Uint8Array) {
+          sessionKey = Buffer.from(sessionKey);
+        }
+      }
+      if (!Buffer.isBuffer(sessionKey) || sessionKey.length !== SESSION_KEY_BYTES) {
+        _emitFailure(req, "session-store-error");
+        return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, { error: "session-store-unavailable" });
+      }
+      session.lastReqCtr = ctr;
+      session.lastUsedAt = now;
+      session.responsesEmitted += 1;
+      try { await sessionStore.set(sid, session, { ttlMs: session.expiresAt - now }); }
+      catch (_e) { /* best-effort — request still proceeds */ }
+      sessionCtx = { sid: sid, responseCtr: session.responsesEmitted };
+    } else {
+      _emitFailure(req, "shape");
+      return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-required" });
+    }
+
+    // Decrypt _ct → cleartext payload bytes → JSON object.
+    var clearObj;
+    try {
+      var ctBuf = Buffer.from(ct, "base64");
+      var ptBuf = crypto.decryptPacked(ctBuf, sessionKey);
+      clearObj = safeJson.parse(ptBuf.toString("utf8"), { maxBytes: maxDecryptedBytes });
+    } catch (_e) {
+      _emitFailure(req, "tag");
+      return _writeRejection(res, HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, { error: "encrypted-payload-rejected" });
+    }
+
+    // Replace req.body with cleartext, stash session key for any
+    // operator code that wants to attach extra encrypted side-channel
+    // data (e.g. send a follow-up encrypted SSE event).
+    req.body = clearObj;
+    req.apiEncryptSessionKey = sessionKey;
+    if (sessionCtx) req.apiEncryptSession = { sid: sessionCtx.sid };
+
+    _wrapResJson(res, sessionKey, sessionCtx);
+    _maybePrune();
+
+    return next();
+  }
+
+  // Route handler that publishes the server's public keys for client
+  // bootstrap. Returns the PEM strings + KEM ID + a stable cache hint
+  // so clients can pin / rotate based on the published keys.
+  function publishPublicKey() {
+    return function publishHandler(_req, res) {
+      var body = {
+        publicKey:    activeKeypair.publicKey,
+        ecPublicKey:  activeKeypair.ecPublicKey,
+        kemId:        C.ACTIVE.KEM,
+        cipherId:     C.ACTIVE.CIPHER,
+        kdfId:        C.ACTIVE.KDF,
+      };
+      if (typeof res.json === "function") return res.json(body);
+      if (!res.headersSent) {
+        res.writeHead(HTTP_STATUS.OK, { "Content-Type": "application/json" });
+      }
+      res.end(JSON.stringify(body));
+    };
+  }
+
+  middleware.publishPublicKey = publishPublicKey;
+  middleware.close = function () {
+    if (typeof nonceStore.close === "function") nonceStore.close();
+    if (sessionStore && typeof sessionStore.close === "function") sessionStore.close();
+  };
+  // Expose for tests / operator dashboards. Counts are 0 in per-request mode.
+  middleware.sessionStore = sessionStore;
+  middleware.keying = keying;
+
+  return middleware;
+}
+
+// ---- Client-side helper ----
+//
+// Operators import this in their browser/mobile/native code or in
+// service-to-service callers. The pubkey shape MUST match what
+// publishPublicKey() returns: { publicKey, ecPublicKey, kemId,
+// cipherId, kdfId }.
+
+function client(opts) {
+  opts = opts || {};
+  validateOpts(opts, ["pubkey", "maxDecryptedBytes", "keying"], "middleware.apiEncrypt.client");
+  if (!opts.pubkey || typeof opts.pubkey !== "object") {
+    throw _err("CLIENT_INVALID_PUBKEY",
+      "apiEncrypt.client: opts.pubkey is required ({ publicKey, ecPublicKey })", 500);
+  }
+  if (typeof opts.pubkey.publicKey !== "string" ||
+      typeof opts.pubkey.ecPublicKey !== "string") {
+    throw _err("CLIENT_INVALID_PUBKEY",
+      "apiEncrypt.client: pubkey.publicKey + ecPublicKey must be PEM strings", 500);
+  }
+  var pubkey = opts.pubkey;
+  var maxDecryptedBytes = opts.maxDecryptedBytes != null
+    ? opts.maxDecryptedBytes
+    : C.BYTES.mib(4);
+  var keying = opts.keying != null ? opts.keying : "per-request";
+  if (keying !== "per-request" && keying !== "per-session") {
+    throw _err("CLIENT_BAD_OPT",
+      "apiEncrypt.client: keying must be 'per-request' (default) or 'per-session', got " +
+      JSON.stringify(opts.keying), 500);
+  }
+
+  if (keying === "per-request") {
+    return { encryptRequest: _encryptPerRequest, keying: keying };
+  }
+
+  // Per-session: stateful client. encryptRequest mutates internal counter.
+  // First call sends the bootstrap envelope; subsequent calls omit _ek/_nonce
+  // and increment the counter. Operator can call resetSession() to force a
+  // new bootstrap (e.g. after server returns "session-expired").
+  var perSessionKey = null;
+  var perSessionSid = null;
+  var perSessionReqCtr = 0;
+  var perSessionLastResCtr = 0;
+
+  function _resetSession() {
+    perSessionKey = crypto.generateBytes(SESSION_KEY_BYTES);
+    perSessionSid = _generateUuidV4();
+    perSessionReqCtr = 0;
+    perSessionLastResCtr = 0;
+  }
+
+  function _decryptPerSessionResponse(responseBody) {
+    if (!responseBody || typeof responseBody !== "object" ||
+        typeof responseBody._ct !== "string") {
+      throw _err("CLIENT_RESPONSE_SHAPE",
+        "apiEncrypt.client: response missing _ct field");
+    }
+    if (typeof responseBody._sid !== "string" || responseBody._sid !== perSessionSid) {
+      throw _err("CLIENT_RESPONSE_SID",
+        "apiEncrypt.client: response sid does not match opened session");
+    }
+    if (typeof responseBody._ctr !== "number" || responseBody._ctr <= perSessionLastResCtr) {
+      throw _err("CLIENT_RESPONSE_REPLAY",
+        "apiEncrypt.client: response counter is not strictly increasing " +
+        "(got " + responseBody._ctr + ", lastSeen " + perSessionLastResCtr + ")");
+    }
+    perSessionLastResCtr = responseBody._ctr;
+    var resCtBuf = Buffer.from(responseBody._ct, "base64");
+    var resPtBuf = crypto.decryptPacked(resCtBuf, perSessionKey);
+    return safeJson.parse(resPtBuf.toString("utf8"), { maxBytes: maxDecryptedBytes });
+  }
+
+  function _encryptPerSession(payload) {
+    if (payload === undefined) payload = null;
+    if (!perSessionKey) _resetSession();
+    var ts = Date.now();
+    var ptBuf = Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(payload), "utf8");
+    var ctBuf = crypto.encryptPacked(ptBuf, perSessionKey);
+    perSessionReqCtr += 1;
+    var body;
+    if (perSessionReqCtr === 1) {
+      // Bootstrap envelope — full _ek + _nonce; server stores sid → sessionKey.
+      var ek = crypto.encrypt(perSessionKey.toString("base64"), pubkey);
+      var nonce = crypto.generateBytes(REQUEST_NONCE_BYTES).toString("hex");
+      body = {
+        _ek:    ek,
+        _ct:    ctBuf.toString("base64"),
+        _ts:    ts,
+        _nonce: nonce,
+        _sid:   perSessionSid,
+        _ctr:   perSessionReqCtr,
+      };
+    } else {
+      // Subsequent — sid + ctr only. KEM material amortized across the session.
+      body = {
+        _ct:    ctBuf.toString("base64"),
+        _ts:    ts,
+        _sid:   perSessionSid,
+        _ctr:   perSessionReqCtr,
+      };
+    }
+    return { body: body, decryptResponse: _decryptPerSessionResponse };
+  }
+
+  function _encryptPerRequest(payload) {
+    if (payload === undefined) payload = null;
+    var sessionKey = crypto.generateBytes(SESSION_KEY_BYTES);
+    var ek = crypto.encrypt(sessionKey.toString("base64"), pubkey);
+    var ptBuf = Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(payload), "utf8");
+    var ctBuf = crypto.encryptPacked(ptBuf, sessionKey);
+    var requestNonce = crypto.generateBytes(REQUEST_NONCE_BYTES).toString("hex");
+    var ts = Date.now();
+    return {
+      body: {
+        _ek:    ek,
+        _ct:    ctBuf.toString("base64"),
+        _ts:    ts,
+        _nonce: requestNonce,
+      },
+      decryptResponse: function (responseBody) {
+        if (!responseBody || typeof responseBody !== "object" ||
+            typeof responseBody._ct !== "string") {
+          throw _err("CLIENT_RESPONSE_SHAPE",
+            "apiEncrypt.client: response missing _ct field");
+        }
+        var resCtBuf = Buffer.from(responseBody._ct, "base64");
+        var resPtBuf = crypto.decryptPacked(resCtBuf, sessionKey);
+        return safeJson.parse(resPtBuf.toString("utf8"), { maxBytes: maxDecryptedBytes });
+      },
+    };
+  }
+
+  return {
+    encryptRequest: _encryptPerSession,
+    resetSession:   _resetSession,
+    sessionInfo:    function () {
+      return {
+        sid: perSessionSid,
+        reqCtr: perSessionReqCtr,
+        lastResCtr: perSessionLastResCtr,
+      };
+    },
+    keying: keying,
+  };
+}
+
+// _generateUuidV4 — UUID v4 from 16 random bytes, formatted dash-separated.
+// Used for client-side session-id generation in per-session keying.
+// Slice offsets are RFC 4122 UUID hex-byte boundaries (`xxxxxxxx-xxxx-Mxxx-Nxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx`)
+// — protocol-fixed values, not byte sizes. allow:raw-byte-literal
+function _generateUuidV4() {
+  var b = crypto.generateBytes(16);                     // allow:raw-byte-literal — UUID is exactly 16 bytes
+  // Set version (4) and variant (10x) bits per RFC 4122.
+  b[6] = (b[6] & 0x0f) | 0x40;
+  b[8] = (b[8] & 0x3f) | 0x80;
+  var hex = b.toString("hex");
+  return hex.slice(0, 8) + "-" +                        // allow:raw-byte-literal — RFC 4122 hex offsets
+         hex.slice(8, 12) + "-" +                       // allow:raw-byte-literal
+         hex.slice(12, 16) + "-" +                      // allow:raw-byte-literal
+         hex.slice(16, 20) + "-" +                      // allow:raw-byte-literal
+         hex.slice(20, 32);                             // allow:raw-byte-literal
+}
+
+// ---- Server-to-server convenience ----
+//
+// Wraps the framework's HTTP client so service-to-service callers
+// don't have to juggle encryptRequest + httpClient.request +
+// JSON parsing + decryptResponse on every call. The pubkey is the
+// callee's public bootstrap document (the JSON `publishPublicKey()`
+// returns) so this helper works between any two blamejs instances.
+//
+//   var enc = b.httpClient.encrypted({
+//     pubkey:  callee.pubkey,           // { publicKey, ecPublicKey }
+//     baseUrl: "https://callee.example",
+//     headers: { Authorization: "Bearer ..." },
+//   });
+//   var resp = await enc.request({
+//     method: "POST",
+//     path:   "/api/widget",
+//     body:   { user: "alice" },
+//   });
+//   resp.body  // → decrypted plaintext object
+//
+// The helper handles only JSON-shaped request/response payloads,
+// matching the middleware's contentTypes default.
+function httpClientEncrypted(opts) {
+  opts = opts || {};
+  validateOpts(opts, [
+    "pubkey", "baseUrl", "headers", "method", "maxDecryptedBytes", "keying",
+  ], "middleware.apiEncrypt.httpClient");
+  if (!opts.pubkey) {
+    throw _err("CLIENT_INVALID_PUBKEY",
+      "httpClient.encrypted: opts.pubkey is required (the callee's bootstrap doc)", 500);
+  }
+  var maxDecryptedBytes = opts.maxDecryptedBytes != null
+    ? opts.maxDecryptedBytes
+    : C.BYTES.mib(4);
+  var keying = opts.keying != null ? opts.keying : "per-request";
+  var clientCtx = client({
+    pubkey: opts.pubkey,
+    maxDecryptedBytes: maxDecryptedBytes,
+    keying: keying,
+  });
+  var baseUrl       = opts.baseUrl ? String(opts.baseUrl).replace(/\/$/, "") : "";
+  var defaultHdrs   = opts.headers || {};
+  var defaultMethod = opts.method  || "POST";
+
+  function _resolveUrl(reqOpts) {
+    if (typeof reqOpts.url === "string" && reqOpts.url.length > 0) return reqOpts.url;
+    if (typeof reqOpts.path === "string" && reqOpts.path.length > 0) {
+      if (!baseUrl) {
+        throw _err("CLIENT_INVALID_URL",
+          "httpClient.encrypted.request: { path } requires opts.baseUrl at create time", 500);
+      }
+      return baseUrl + (reqOpts.path[0] === "/" ? reqOpts.path : "/" + reqOpts.path);
+    }
+    throw _err("CLIENT_INVALID_URL",
+      "httpClient.encrypted.request: requires { url } or { path } (with opts.baseUrl)", 500);
+  }
+
+  async function request(reqOpts) {
+    reqOpts = reqOpts || {};
+    var url = _resolveUrl(reqOpts);
+    var encrypted = clientCtx.encryptRequest(
+      reqOpts.body !== undefined ? reqOpts.body : null
+    );
+
+    // Merge headers — operator's per-request headers win over default
+    // headers, but Content-Type is forced because the encrypted body
+    // is always JSON.
+    var headers = Object.assign({}, defaultHdrs, reqOpts.headers || {});
+    headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json";
+
+    var passThrough = {};
+    var passable = ["allowedProtocols", "allowInternal", "idleTimeoutMs", "maxResponseBytes",
+                    "agent", "errorClass"];
+    for (var i = 0; i < passable.length; i++) {
+      if (reqOpts[passable[i]] !== undefined) passThrough[passable[i]] = reqOpts[passable[i]];
+    }
+
+    var rawBody = Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(encrypted.body), "utf8");
+    var resp = await httpClient().request(Object.assign({
+      url:     url,
+      method:  reqOpts.method || defaultMethod,
+      headers: headers,
+      body:    rawBody,
+    }, passThrough));
+
+    // Empty body → no decryption (e.g. 204 No Content).
+    if (!resp.body || resp.body.length === 0) {
+      return { statusCode: resp.statusCode, headers: resp.headers, body: null };
+    }
+    var parsed;
+    try { parsed = safeJson.parse(resp.body.toString("utf8"), { maxBytes: maxDecryptedBytes }); }
+    catch (e) {
+      throw _err("CLIENT_RESPONSE_NOT_JSON",
+        "httpClient.encrypted: response body is not valid JSON: " + e.message);
+    }
+    return {
+      statusCode: resp.statusCode,
+      headers:    resp.headers,
+      body:       encrypted.decryptResponse(parsed),
+    };
+  }
+
+  return { request: request };
+}
+
+module.exports = Object.assign(create, {
+  client:           client,
+  httpClient:       httpClientEncrypted,
+  ApiEncryptError:  ApiEncryptError,
+});