@blamejs/core 0.7.4 → 0.7.18

package/lib/guard-html.js

@@ -0,0 +1,976 @@
+"use strict";
+/**
+ * guard-html — HTML content-safety primitive (b.guardHtml).
+ *
+ * Threat catalog grounded in 2026 sanitizer research (DOMPurify CVE-
+ * series, OWASP XSS / DOM-Clobbering / HTML5 Security cheat sheets,
+ * PortSwigger / Sonar / trace37 mXSS write-ups, html5sec.org).
+ *
+ *   var rv = b.guardHtml.validate(input, { profile: "strict" });
+ *   var safe = b.guardHtml.sanitize(input, { profile: "balanced" });
+ *   var html = b.guardHtml.escapeText("<oops>");           // &lt;oops&gt;
+ *   var attr = b.guardHtml.escapeAttr('say "hi"');         // say &quot;hi&quot;
+ *   var g = b.guardHtml.gate({ profile: "strict" });
+ *
+ * Threat catalog covered:
+ *
+ *   1. Dangerous tags — <script>, <style>, <link>, <meta>, <base>,
+ *      <iframe>, <object>, <embed>, <applet>, <form>, <input>,
+ *      <button>, <textarea>, <select>, <isindex>, <marquee>, <blink>,
+ *      <layer>, <ilayer>, <plaintext>, <listing>, <xmp>, <audio>,
+ *      <video>, <source>, <track>, <math>, <svg>, <template>,
+ *      <noscript>, <noembed>, <noframes>, <portal>, <dialog>,
+ *      <keygen>, <menuitem>, <command>, <frame>, <frameset>.
+ *      Every match per profile triggers refuse OR sanitize-strip.
+ *
+ *   2. on* event-handler attributes — every attribute matching
+ *      /^on[a-z]/ is denied unconditionally. Catches the entire HTML5
+ *      event-handler family (onclick, onerror, onload, onmouseover,
+ *      onbeforeunload, onpaste, onwheel, onpointerdown, ontoggle, ...)
+ *      without requiring a manual allowlist that rots the moment the
+ *      WHATWG specs a new event.
+ *
+ *   3. Form-override attributes — formaction / formmethod /
+ *      formenctype / formtarget / formnovalidate on <button> / <input>
+ *      override the parent form's submission target (CWE-1021); always
+ *      denied.
+ *
+ *   4. Iframe inline-HTML — srcdoc on <iframe> ships executable HTML
+ *      directly into the document; always denied.
+ *
+ *   5. Custom-element registration — `is="..."` attribute mutates the
+ *      element class via document.createElement(..., { is }); always
+ *      denied.
+ *
+ *   6. CSP-bypass-shaped attributes — nonce, integrity, crossorigin
+ *      stripped from sanitized output (operator-controlled only).
+ *
+ *   7. URL scheme validation on URL-bearing attributes — href, src,
+ *      action, cite, longdesc, manifest, archive, codebase, data,
+ *      classid, code, profile, ping, dynsrc, lowsrc, background,
+ *      poster, icon, xlink:href. Per-attribute scheme allowlist:
+ *      strict → http / https / mailto / tel only;
+ *      balanced → +data:image/* + ftp;
+ *      permissive → +ftp / sftp / ws / wss.
+ *      Denied schemes (always): javascript / vbscript / livescript /
+ *      mocha / data (outside image context) / file / mhtml / jar /
+ *      intent / view-source.
+ *
+ *   8. CSS-injection inside style="..." attribute values — denies
+ *      expression( (IE), behavior: (IE), -moz-binding (Firefox legacy),
+ *      javascript: / vbscript: / livescript: inside url(), @import,
+ *      @charset / @namespace (CSS-source-map confusion).
+ *
+ *   9. DOM clobbering — id and name attributes whose values match a
+ *      well-known JS global (document, window, location, cookie,
+ *      __proto__, constructor, ...) on form / input / button / anchor /
+ *      img / iframe elements. Catches the form-element + input-name
+ *      payload + named-property-access exfil chain.
+ *
+ *  10. mXSS hint detection — common parser-mode-shift vectors:
+ *      <svg><p>...</svg>, <math><p>...</math>, <noscript>...</noscript>
+ *      with quote+entity confusion, CDATA inside HTML mode, <template>
+ *      content fragment with entity-encoded payloads. Surfaced as
+ *      "mxss-hint" issues; refused in strict, audited in balanced.
+ *
+ *  11. Unicode bidi (CVE-2021-42574 Trojan Source) inside text and
+ *      attribute values — same codepoint catalog as guard-csv.
+ *
+ *  12. C0 control characters, null bytes, zero-width chars in input —
+ *      strip-or-reject per profile.
+ *
+ *  13. IE conditional comments — <!--[if ...]>...<![endif]--> can carry
+ *      executable script in the legacy IE rendering path; refused in
+ *      strict, stripped in balanced.
+ *
+ *  14. <base href> / <base target> — silently redirects every relative
+ *      URL on the page; always denied.
+ *
+ *  15. <meta http-equiv> with refresh / Set-Cookie / X-XSS-Protection
+ *      values — silent navigation + cookie injection; always denied.
+ *
+ *  16. ARIA spoofing — `role="button"` on a non-button element with
+ *      attached event handlers (caught upstream by the on* handler
+ *      strip); flagged for audit when role mismatches semantic tag.
+ *
+ *  17. Image-context data: URLs — sanitize allows data:image/png ;
+ *      data:image/jpeg ; data:image/gif ; data:image/webp ;
+ *      data:image/svg+xml requires explicit opt-in (svg embed is its
+ *      own threat surface).
+ *
+ *  18. Total-document size cap (anti-DoS), per-attribute-value size
+ *      cap, max-tag-depth (prevents recursion-shape parsers from
+ *      stack-blowing), max-attribute-count-per-tag.
+ *
+ * Threat-detection regex literals are composed PROGRAMMATICALLY from
+ * numeric codepoint range tables (BIDI_RANGES / C0_CTRL_RANGES /
+ * ZERO_WIDTH_RANGES). Source file never embeds the attack characters
+ * themselves.
+ *
+ * Sanitize discipline: this module ships a token-level rewriter that
+ * preserves the allowlisted tag set and strips the rest. For HOSTILE
+ * sources, the documented correct response is validate + reject — not
+ * sanitize. mXSS bypasses against any non-DOM sanitizer are a known
+ * arms-race; the gate's "refuse" path is the one with strong invariants.
+ * Operators with display-of-untrusted-html requirements should
+ * additionally serve content under a strict CSP (default-src 'none' or
+ * sandboxed iframe).
+ */
+
+var codepointClass = require("./codepoint-class");
+var lazyRequire = require("./lazy-require");
+var gateContract = require("./gate-contract");
+var C = require("./constants");
+var numericBounds = require("./numeric-bounds");
+var safeUrl = require("./safe-url");
+var { GuardHtmlError } = require("./framework-error");
+
+var observability = lazyRequire(function () { return require("./observability"); });
+void observability;
+
+var _err = GuardHtmlError.factory;
+var HEX_RADIX = 16;                                                 // allow:raw-byte-literal — base-16 radix, not byte size
+
+// ---- Codepoint catalog (shared via lib/codepoint-class) ----
+
+var C0_CTRL_RE_G  = codepointClass.C0_CTRL_RE_G;
+var ZW_RE_G       = codepointClass.ZW_RE_G;
+
+// ---- Tag denylists / allowlists ----
+
+// Always-dangerous tags. Active scripts, plugin embeds, form elements,
+// frames, foreign-content (svg/math), template (mxss vector), legacy
+// parser-mode-shift tags, HTML5 newer-attack-surface elements.
+var DANGEROUS_TAGS = Object.freeze([
+  "script", "style", "link", "meta", "base", "frame", "frameset",
+  "iframe", "object", "embed", "applet", "form", "input", "button",
+  "textarea", "select", "option", "optgroup", "fieldset", "legend",
+  "datalist", "isindex", "marquee", "blink", "layer", "ilayer",
+  "plaintext", "listing", "xmp", "audio", "video", "source", "track",
+  "math", "svg", "template", "noscript", "noembed", "noframes",
+  "portal", "dialog", "keygen", "menuitem", "command",
+]);
+
+// Strict text-formatting allowlist.
+var STRICT_ALLOWED_TAGS = Object.freeze([
+  "p", "br", "hr", "b", "i", "u", "s", "em", "strong", "code", "pre",
+  "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6", "ul", "ol", "li", "blockquote",
+  "span", "div",
+]);
+
+// Balanced — adds links, images, tables, semantic markup.
+var BALANCED_ALLOWED_TAGS = Object.freeze(STRICT_ALLOWED_TAGS.concat([
+  "a", "img", "table", "thead", "tbody", "tfoot", "tr", "td", "th",
+  "caption", "colgroup", "col", "dl", "dt", "dd", "del", "ins",
+  "sub", "sup", "small", "abbr", "cite", "q", "kbd", "mark",
+  "figure", "figcaption", "address", "time",
+]));
+
+// Permissive — every tag NOT in DANGEROUS_TAGS.
+function _permissiveAllowed() {
+  var deny = Object.create(null);
+  DANGEROUS_TAGS.forEach(function (t) { deny[t] = true; });
+  // Common allowed set as the universe for the permissive list.
+  var universe = [
+    "html", "body", "head", "title", "main", "header", "footer",
+    "nav", "section", "article", "aside", "details", "summary",
+    "menu", "dir", "center", "font", "big", "tt", "strike",
+    "var", "samp", "i", "b", "u", "s", "em", "strong", "code", "pre",
+    "p", "br", "hr", "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6",
+    "ul", "ol", "li", "blockquote", "span", "div", "a", "img",
+    "table", "thead", "tbody", "tfoot", "tr", "td", "th", "caption",
+    "colgroup", "col", "dl", "dt", "dd", "del", "ins", "sub", "sup",
+    "small", "abbr", "cite", "q", "kbd", "mark", "figure", "figcaption",
+    "address", "time", "picture", "ruby", "rt", "rp", "wbr", "data",
+    "output", "progress", "meter", "bdo", "bdi",
+  ];
+  return Object.freeze(universe.filter(function (t) { return !deny[t]; }));
+}
+var PERMISSIVE_ALLOWED_TAGS = _permissiveAllowed();
+
+// Form-override + dangerous attributes (excluding on*).
+var DANGEROUS_ATTRS = Object.freeze([
+  "formaction", "formmethod", "formenctype", "formtarget", "formnovalidate",
+  "srcdoc", "is", "integrity", "nonce", "crossorigin",
+  "http-equiv", "manifest",
+]);
+
+// URL-bearing attributes — values get scheme-validated.
+var URL_ATTRS = Object.freeze([
+  "href", "src", "action", "cite", "longdesc", "manifest", "archive",
+  "codebase", "data", "classid", "code", "profile", "ping", "dynsrc",
+  "lowsrc", "background", "poster", "icon", "xlink:href",
+]);
+
+// Always-allowed schemes (every profile).
+var SAFE_SCHEMES = Object.freeze(["http", "https", "mailto", "tel"]);
+
+// Schemes denied by default. `data` is dangerous globally except in
+// image context (data:image/*) which is the only data: payload that
+// can't directly script the page; the per-attribute check below honours
+// that exception when allowImageData=true and the host tag is <img>.
+var DANGEROUS_SCHEMES = Object.freeze([
+  "javascript", "vbscript", "livescript", "mocha", "ecmascript",
+  "file", "mhtml", "jar", "intent", "view-source", "feed", "data",
+]);
+
+// CSS dangerous tokens — case-insensitive match against attribute
+// value content.
+var CSS_DANGEROUS_PATTERNS = Object.freeze([
+  /expression\s*\(/i,
+  /behavior\s*:/i,
+  /-moz-binding/i,
+  /javascript\s*:/i,
+  /vbscript\s*:/i,
+  /livescript\s*:/i,
+  /@import/i,
+  /@namespace/i,
+]);
+
+// DOM-clobbering global-name targets. Element id/name matching one of
+// these on a clobber-prone tag (form / input / button / a / img /
+// iframe / object) overshadows the global access path.
+var CLOBBER_GLOBALS = Object.freeze([
+  "document", "window", "location", "cookie", "top", "parent", "self",
+  "frames", "navigator", "history", "screen", "localStorage",
+  "sessionStorage", "indexedDB", "fetch", "XMLHttpRequest",
+  "atob", "btoa", "eval", "Function",
+  "constructor", "prototype", "__proto__", "innerHTML", "outerHTML",
+  "src", "href", "action", "form", "body", "head", "html",
+  "addEventListener", "removeEventListener", "postMessage",
+  "globalThis", "this", "import",
+]);
+
+var CLOBBER_PRONE_TAGS = Object.freeze([
+  "form", "input", "button", "a", "img", "iframe", "object",
+  "embed", "select", "textarea",
+]);
+
+var EVENT_HANDLER_RE = /^on[a-z]/i;
+
+// ---- Profile presets ----
+
+var PROFILES = Object.freeze({
+  "strict": {
+    allowedTags:        STRICT_ALLOWED_TAGS,
+    allowedAttrs:       Object.freeze(["class", "title", "lang", "dir"]),
+    urlSchemes:         SAFE_SCHEMES,
+    allowImageData:     false,
+    allowComments:      false,
+    bidiPolicy:         "reject",
+    controlPolicy:      "reject",
+    nullBytePolicy:     "reject",
+    zeroWidthPolicy:    "strip",
+    cssPolicy:          "reject",
+    domClobberPolicy:   "reject",
+    mxssHintPolicy:     "reject",
+    maxBytes:           C.BYTES.mib(2),
+    maxAttrValueBytes:  C.BYTES.kib(8),
+    maxTagDepth:        128,                                          // allow:raw-byte-literal — tag-nesting depth count, not bytes
+    maxAttrsPerTag:     64,                                           // allow:raw-byte-literal — attribute count per tag, not bytes
+  },
+  "balanced": {
+    allowedTags:        BALANCED_ALLOWED_TAGS,
+    allowedAttrs:       Object.freeze([
+      "class", "title", "lang", "dir", "alt", "href", "src", "width",
+      "height", "rel", "target", "colspan", "rowspan", "scope",
+      "datetime", "cite", "id",
+    ]),
+    urlSchemes:         Object.freeze(SAFE_SCHEMES.concat(["ftp"])),
+    allowImageData:     true,
+    allowComments:      false,
+    bidiPolicy:         "strip",
+    controlPolicy:      "strip",
+    nullBytePolicy:     "strip",
+    zeroWidthPolicy:    "strip",
+    cssPolicy:          "strip",
+    domClobberPolicy:   "strip",
+    mxssHintPolicy:     "audit",
+    maxBytes:           C.BYTES.mib(8),
+    maxAttrValueBytes:  C.BYTES.kib(32),
+    maxTagDepth:        256,                                          // allow:raw-byte-literal — tag-nesting depth count, not bytes
+    maxAttrsPerTag:     128,                                          // allow:raw-byte-literal — attribute count per tag, not bytes
+  },
+  "permissive": {
+    allowedTags:        PERMISSIVE_ALLOWED_TAGS,
+    allowedAttrs:       Object.freeze([
+      "class", "title", "lang", "dir", "alt", "href", "src", "width",
+      "height", "rel", "target", "colspan", "rowspan", "scope",
+      "datetime", "cite", "id", "tabindex", "accesskey",
+    ]),
+    urlSchemes:         Object.freeze(SAFE_SCHEMES.concat(["ftp", "sftp", "ws", "wss"])),
+    allowImageData:     true,
+    allowComments:      true,
+    bidiPolicy:         "audit",
+    controlPolicy:      "strip",
+    nullBytePolicy:     "strip",
+    zeroWidthPolicy:    "strip",
+    cssPolicy:          "audit",
+    domClobberPolicy:   "audit",
+    mxssHintPolicy:     "audit",
+    maxBytes:           C.BYTES.mib(32),
+    maxAttrValueBytes:  C.BYTES.kib(64),
+    maxTagDepth:        512,                                          // allow:raw-byte-literal — tag-nesting depth count, not bytes
+    maxAttrsPerTag:     256,                                          // allow:raw-byte-literal — attribute count per tag, not bytes
+  },
+});
+
+var DEFAULTS = Object.freeze(Object.assign({}, PROFILES["strict"], {
+  mode:          "enforce",
+  maxRuntimeMs:  C.TIME.seconds(30),
+}));
+
+var COMPLIANCE_POSTURES = Object.freeze({
+  "hipaa": {
+    allowedTags:      STRICT_ALLOWED_TAGS,
+    bidiPolicy:       "reject",
+    controlPolicy:    "reject",
+    nullBytePolicy:   "reject",
+    cssPolicy:        "reject",
+    domClobberPolicy: "reject",
+    mxssHintPolicy:   "reject",
+    forensicSnippetBytes: C.BYTES.bytes(256),
+  },
+  "pci-dss": {
+    allowedTags:      STRICT_ALLOWED_TAGS,
+    bidiPolicy:       "reject",
+    controlPolicy:    "reject",
+    nullBytePolicy:   "reject",
+    cssPolicy:        "reject",
+    domClobberPolicy: "reject",
+    mxssHintPolicy:   "reject",
+    urlSchemes:       SAFE_SCHEMES,
+    forensicSnippetBytes: C.BYTES.bytes(256),
+  },
+  "gdpr": {
+    allowedTags:      BALANCED_ALLOWED_TAGS,
+    bidiPolicy:       "strip",
+    controlPolicy:    "strip",
+    cssPolicy:        "strip",
+    domClobberPolicy: "strip",
+    mxssHintPolicy:   "audit",
+    forensicSnippetBytes: C.BYTES.bytes(128),
+  },
+  "soc2-cc7": {
+    allowedTags:      STRICT_ALLOWED_TAGS,
+    bidiPolicy:       "reject",
+    controlPolicy:    "reject",
+    nullBytePolicy:   "reject",
+    cssPolicy:        "reject",
+    domClobberPolicy: "reject",
+    mxssHintPolicy:   "reject",
+    forensicSnippetBytes: C.BYTES.bytes(512),
+  },
+});
+
+// ---- Internal helpers ----
+
+function _resolveOpts(opts) {
+  return gateContract.resolveProfileAndPosture(opts, {
+    profiles:           PROFILES,
+    compliancePostures: COMPLIANCE_POSTURES,
+    defaults:           DEFAULTS,
+    errorClass:         GuardHtmlError,
+    errCodePrefix:      "html",
+  });
+}
+
+// HTML entity escape — text-content context. Encodes & < > " ' so the
+// output is safe for embedding inside an element's text body.
+function escapeText(value) {
+  var s = value == null ? "" : String(value);
+  return s
+    .replace(/&/g, "&amp;")
+    .replace(/</g, "&lt;")
+    .replace(/>/g, "&gt;")
+    .replace(/"/g, "&quot;")
+    .replace(/'/g, "&#39;");
+}
+
+// HTML entity escape — attribute-value context. Same encoding plus
+// backtick (legacy IE attribute terminator) and = (unquoted-attr edge).
+function escapeAttr(value) {
+  var s = value == null ? "" : String(value);
+  return s
+    .replace(/&/g, "&amp;")
+    .replace(/</g, "&lt;")
+    .replace(/>/g, "&gt;")
+    .replace(/"/g, "&quot;")
+    .replace(/'/g, "&#39;")
+    .replace(/`/g, "&#96;")
+    .replace(/=/g, "&#61;");
+}
+
+// _normalizeUrl — peel off entity-encoded leading whitespace and
+// HTML/URL-encoded scheme prefix tricks, then return the lowercased
+// scheme. Returns "" if no scheme.
+function _extractScheme(rawUrl) {
+  var s = String(rawUrl || "").trim();
+  // Decode HTML numeric entities just enough to expose hidden schemes
+  // like &#x6A;avascript:... or &#106;avascript:...
+  s = s.replace(/&#x([0-9a-f]+);/gi, function (_m, h) {
+    return String.fromCharCode(parseInt(h, HEX_RADIX));
+  });
+  s = s.replace(/&#(\d+);/g, function (_m, d) {
+    return String.fromCharCode(parseInt(d, 10));
+  });
+  // Strip embedded whitespace + control chars + zero-widths the
+  // URL parser would tolerate.
+  s = s.replace(C0_CTRL_RE_G, "").replace(ZW_RE_G, "");
+  var m = s.match(/^([A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9+.-]*):/);
+  return m ? m[1].toLowerCase() : "";
+}
+
+function _isImageDataUrl(rawUrl) {
+  var s = String(rawUrl || "").trim();
+  return /^data:image\/(png|jpeg|jpg|gif|webp);/i.test(s);
+}
+
+function _isUrlAttr(name) {
+  var n = name.toLowerCase();
+  for (var i = 0; i < URL_ATTRS.length; i += 1) {
+    if (URL_ATTRS[i] === n) return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+function _isClobberProne(tag) {
+  var t = tag.toLowerCase();
+  for (var i = 0; i < CLOBBER_PRONE_TAGS.length; i += 1) {
+    if (CLOBBER_PRONE_TAGS[i] === t) return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+function _isClobberGlobal(name) {
+  for (var i = 0; i < CLOBBER_GLOBALS.length; i += 1) {
+    if (CLOBBER_GLOBALS[i] === name) return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+function _isCssDangerous(value) {
+  for (var i = 0; i < CSS_DANGEROUS_PATTERNS.length; i += 1) {
+    if (CSS_DANGEROUS_PATTERNS[i].test(value)) return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+// ---- Tokenizer ----
+//
+// Pure-JS HTML scanner. NOT a full DOM parser — designed for threat
+// detection and conservative tag/attr filtering. The output is a list
+// of tokens: { type: "tag" | "endTag" | "comment" | "text" | "doctype",
+// name, attrs, raw, start, end }. Sanitization re-walks this list and
+// emits a filtered HTML string.
+
+function _tokenize(input, maxBytes) {
+  var s = String(input || "");
+  if (s.length > maxBytes) {
+    throw _err("html.too-large",
+      "input " + s.length + " bytes exceeds maxBytes " + maxBytes);
+  }
+  var tokens = [];
+  var len = s.length;
+  var pos = 0;
+
+  while (pos < len) {
+    var lt = s.indexOf("<", pos);
+    if (lt === -1) {
+      tokens.push({ type: "text", raw: s.slice(pos), start: pos, end: len });
+      break;
+    }
+    if (lt > pos) {
+      tokens.push({ type: "text", raw: s.slice(pos, lt), start: pos, end: lt });
+    }
+
+    // Comment / CDATA / doctype
+    if (s.startsWith("<!--", lt)) {
+      var endC = s.indexOf("-->", lt + 4);
+      if (endC === -1) endC = len;
+      else endC += 3;
+      tokens.push({ type: "comment", raw: s.slice(lt, endC), start: lt, end: endC });
+      pos = endC; continue;
+    }
+    if (s.startsWith("<![CDATA[", lt)) {
+      var endX = s.indexOf("]]>", lt + 9);
+      if (endX === -1) endX = len;
+      else endX += 3;
+      tokens.push({ type: "cdata", raw: s.slice(lt, endX), start: lt, end: endX });
+      pos = endX; continue;
+    }
+    if (s.charAt(lt + 1) === "!") {
+      var endD = s.indexOf(">", lt);
+      if (endD === -1) endD = len;
+      else endD += 1;
+      tokens.push({ type: "doctype", raw: s.slice(lt, endD), start: lt, end: endD });
+      pos = endD; continue;
+    }
+
+    // End tag
+    if (s.charAt(lt + 1) === "/") {
+      var endE = s.indexOf(">", lt);
+      if (endE === -1) endE = len;
+      else endE += 1;
+      var endName = s.slice(lt + 2, endE - 1).trim().toLowerCase().split(/\s/)[0];
+      tokens.push({
+        type: "endTag", name: endName,
+        raw: s.slice(lt, endE), start: lt, end: endE,
+      });
+      pos = endE; continue;
+    }
+
+    // Start tag — find the matching `>`, but skip over `>` inside
+    // quoted attribute values.
+    var p = lt + 1;
+    var inQuote = "";
+    while (p < len) {
+      var ch = s.charAt(p);
+      if (inQuote) {
+        if (ch === inQuote) inQuote = "";
+      } else {
+        if (ch === '"' || ch === "'") inQuote = ch;
+        else if (ch === ">") break;
+      }
+      p += 1;
+    }
+    var endT = p < len ? p + 1 : len;
+    var raw = s.slice(lt, endT);
+    var inner = raw.slice(1, raw.charAt(raw.length - 1) === ">" ? raw.length - 1 : raw.length);
+    if (inner.endsWith("/")) inner = inner.slice(0, inner.length - 1);
+
+    var nameMatch = inner.match(/^([A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9:-]*)/);
+    var tagName = nameMatch ? nameMatch[1].toLowerCase() : "";
+    var attrSrc = nameMatch ? inner.slice(nameMatch[0].length) : "";
+
+    var attrs = _parseAttrs(attrSrc);
+    tokens.push({
+      type: "tag", name: tagName, attrs: attrs,
+      raw: raw, start: lt, end: endT,
+      selfClosing: raw.charAt(raw.length - 2) === "/",
+    });
+    pos = endT;
+  }
+  return tokens;
+}
+
+function _parseAttrs(src) {
+  // Returns array of { name, value, raw } in source order. Preserves
+  // original casing of attribute names; consumers lowercase as needed.
+  var attrs = [];
+  var s = src.trim();
+  var len = s.length;
+  var p = 0;
+  while (p < len) {
+    while (p < len && /\s/.test(s.charAt(p))) p += 1;
+    if (p >= len) break;
+    var nameStart = p;
+    while (p < len && !/[\s=>/]/.test(s.charAt(p))) p += 1;
+    var attrName = s.slice(nameStart, p);
+    if (!attrName) break;
+    while (p < len && /\s/.test(s.charAt(p))) p += 1;
+    var attrValue = "";
+    var raw = attrName;
+    if (p < len && s.charAt(p) === "=") {
+      p += 1;
+      while (p < len && /\s/.test(s.charAt(p))) p += 1;
+      var q = s.charAt(p);
+      if (q === '"' || q === "'") {
+        var endQ = s.indexOf(q, p + 1);
+        if (endQ === -1) endQ = len;
+        attrValue = s.slice(p + 1, endQ);
+        raw = attrName + "=" + s.slice(p, endQ + 1);
+        p = endQ + 1;
+      } else {
+        var valStart = p;
+        while (p < len && !/[\s>]/.test(s.charAt(p))) p += 1;
+        attrValue = s.slice(valStart, p);
+        raw = attrName + "=" + attrValue;
+      }
+    }
+    attrs.push({ name: attrName, value: attrValue, raw: raw });
+  }
+  return attrs;
+}
+
+// ---- Detection pass ----
+
+function _detectIssues(input, opts) {
+  var s = String(input || "");
+  // 1. Whole-input bidi / null-byte / control char threats.
+  var issues = codepointClass.detectCharThreats(s, opts, "html");
+
+  var tokens;
+  try { tokens = _tokenize(s, opts.maxBytes); }
+  catch (e) {
+    issues.push({
+      kind: "tokenize-failed", severity: "high", ruleId: "html.tokenize",
+      snippet: e && e.message,
+    });
+    return issues;
+  }
+
+  var allowedTags = Object.create(null);
+  (opts.allowedTags || []).forEach(function (t) { allowedTags[t.toLowerCase()] = true; });
+  var dangerousTags = Object.create(null);
+  DANGEROUS_TAGS.forEach(function (t) { dangerousTags[t] = true; });
+
+  var depth = 0;
+  for (var i = 0; i < tokens.length; i += 1) {
+    var tok = tokens[i];
+
+    if (tok.type === "comment") {
+      // IE conditional comments — `<!--[if ...]>` family.
+      if (/<!--\s*\[\s*if/i.test(tok.raw) && opts.allowComments !== true) {
+        issues.push({
+          kind: "ie-conditional-comment", severity: "high",
+          ruleId: "html.ie-conditional",
+          location: tok.start,
+          snippet: "IE conditional comment",
+        });
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    if (tok.type === "tag") {
+      depth += 1;
+      if (depth > opts.maxTagDepth) {
+        issues.push({
+          kind: "depth-cap", severity: "high", ruleId: "html.depth",
+          location: tok.start,
+          snippet: "tag nesting depth " + depth + " exceeds maxTagDepth " + opts.maxTagDepth,
+        });
+      }
+      if (Array.isArray(tok.attrs) && tok.attrs.length > opts.maxAttrsPerTag) {
+        issues.push({
+          kind: "attr-count-cap", severity: "high", ruleId: "html.attr-count",
+          location: tok.start,
+          snippet: "attribute count " + tok.attrs.length + " exceeds maxAttrsPerTag",
+        });
+      }
+      if (dangerousTags[tok.name]) {
+        issues.push({
+          kind: "dangerous-tag", severity: "critical", ruleId: "html.tag",
+          location: tok.start,
+          snippet: "dangerous tag <" + tok.name + ">",
+        });
+      } else if (Object.keys(allowedTags).length > 0 && !allowedTags[tok.name]) {
+        issues.push({
+          kind: "non-allowlisted-tag", severity: "high", ruleId: "html.tag",
+          location: tok.start,
+          snippet: "tag <" + tok.name + "> not in allowedTags",
+        });
+      }
+
+      // Per-attribute checks.
+      var attrs = tok.attrs || [];
+      for (var ai = 0; ai < attrs.length; ai += 1) {
+        var a = attrs[ai];
+        var an = a.name.toLowerCase();
+        if (a.value && a.value.length > opts.maxAttrValueBytes) {
+          issues.push({
+            kind: "attr-value-too-large", severity: "high",
+            ruleId: "html.attr-size",
+            location: tok.start,
+            snippet: "attribute " + JSON.stringify(an) + " value exceeds maxAttrValueBytes",
+          });
+        }
+        if (EVENT_HANDLER_RE.test(an)) {                              // allow:regex-no-length-cap — `an` is an attribute name from the tokenizer, length-bounded by HTML naming rules
+          issues.push({
+            kind: "event-handler", severity: "critical",
+            ruleId: "html.event-handler",
+            location: tok.start,
+            snippet: "event-handler attribute " + JSON.stringify(an),
+          });
+          continue;
+        }
+        if (DANGEROUS_ATTRS.indexOf(an) !== -1) {
+          issues.push({
+            kind: "dangerous-attr", severity: "critical",
+            ruleId: "html.attr",
+            location: tok.start,
+            snippet: "dangerous attribute " + JSON.stringify(an),
+          });
+        }
+        if (_isUrlAttr(an)) {
+          var scheme = _extractScheme(a.value);
+          if (scheme === "" && a.value && a.value.charAt(0) !== "#" &&
+              a.value.charAt(0) !== "/" && a.value.charAt(0) !== "?") {
+            // Relative URL — allowed.
+          } else if (scheme && DANGEROUS_SCHEMES.indexOf(scheme) !== -1) {
+            // Image-context data: special-case.
+            if (scheme === "data" && opts.allowImageData &&
+                tok.name === "img" && _isImageDataUrl(a.value)) {
+              // Allowed image data URL.
+            } else {
+              issues.push({
+                kind: "dangerous-url-scheme", severity: "critical",
+                ruleId: "html.url-scheme",
+                location: tok.start,
+                snippet: "dangerous URL scheme " + JSON.stringify(scheme) +
+                         " in attribute " + JSON.stringify(an),
+              });
+            }
+          } else if (scheme && opts.urlSchemes &&
+                     opts.urlSchemes.indexOf(scheme) === -1) {
+            if (!(scheme === "data" && opts.allowImageData &&
+                  tok.name === "img" && _isImageDataUrl(a.value))) {
+              issues.push({
+                kind: "non-allowlisted-url-scheme", severity: "high",
+                ruleId: "html.url-scheme",
+                location: tok.start,
+                snippet: "URL scheme " + JSON.stringify(scheme) +
+                         " not in profile allowlist",
+              });
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        if (an === "style" && opts.cssPolicy !== "allow") {
+          if (_isCssDangerous(a.value)) {
+            issues.push({
+              kind: "css-injection", severity: "critical",
+              ruleId: "html.css",
+              location: tok.start,
+              snippet: "dangerous CSS token in style attribute",
+            });
+          }
+        }
+        if ((an === "id" || an === "name") && _isClobberProne(tok.name) &&
+            opts.domClobberPolicy !== "allow" &&
+            _isClobberGlobal(a.value)) {
+          issues.push({
+            kind: "dom-clobber", severity: "critical",
+            ruleId: "html.dom-clobber",
+            location: tok.start,
+            snippet: "DOM-clobbering " + an + "=" + JSON.stringify(a.value) +
+                     " on <" + tok.name + ">",
+          });
+        }
+      }
+
+      // mXSS hint — namespace-context-shift tags carrying nested HTML.
+      if ((tok.name === "svg" || tok.name === "math") &&
+          opts.mxssHintPolicy !== "allow") {
+        issues.push({
+          kind: "mxss-hint", severity: "high", ruleId: "html.mxss",
+          location: tok.start,
+          snippet: "<" + tok.name + "> namespace-context-shift parent (mXSS vector)",
+        });
+      }
+    } else if (tok.type === "endTag") {
+      depth = Math.max(0, depth - 1);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return issues;
+}
+
+// ---- Sanitize pass ----
+
+function _sanitize(input, opts) {
+  var s = String(input || "");
+  if (s.length > opts.maxBytes) {
+    throw _err("html.too-large",
+      "input " + s.length + " bytes exceeds maxBytes " + opts.maxBytes);
+  }
+  codepointClass.assertNoCharThreats(s, opts, _err, "html");
+  s = codepointClass.applyCharStripPolicies(s, opts);
+
+  var tokens;
+  try { tokens = _tokenize(s, opts.maxBytes); }
+  catch (e) {
+    throw _err("html.tokenize-failed", "tokenizer failed: " + (e && e.message));
+  }
+
+  var allowedTags = Object.create(null);
+  (opts.allowedTags || []).forEach(function (t) { allowedTags[t.toLowerCase()] = true; });
+  var allowedAttrs = Object.create(null);
+  (opts.allowedAttrs || []).forEach(function (a) { allowedAttrs[a.toLowerCase()] = true; });
+  var dangerousTags = Object.create(null);
+  DANGEROUS_TAGS.forEach(function (t) { dangerousTags[t] = true; });
+
+  // Tags whose text content is itself executable in the host parser
+  // (script body = JS, style body = CSS). When we strip the open tag,
+  // also skip every token until the matching close tag so the body
+  // doesn't leak into output as visible text.
+  var BODY_DROP_TAGS = { "script": true, "style": true, "noscript": true,
+                         "noembed": true, "noframes": true, "iframe": true,
+                         "object": true, "embed": true, "applet": true,
+                         "template": true, "math": true, "svg": true };
+
+  var out = [];
+  for (var i = 0; i < tokens.length; i += 1) {
+    var tok = tokens[i];
+    if (tok.type === "text") { out.push(tok.raw); continue; }
+    if (tok.type === "doctype") { continue; }     // strip doctypes
+    if (tok.type === "cdata") { continue; }       // strip cdata blocks
+    if (tok.type === "comment") {
+      if (opts.allowComments) out.push(tok.raw);
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (tok.type === "endTag") {
+      if (allowedTags[tok.name]) out.push("</" + tok.name + ">");
+      continue;
+    }
+    // Start tag.
+    if (dangerousTags[tok.name] || !allowedTags[tok.name]) {
+      // For tags whose body is parsed as code (script/style/etc.), skip
+      // forward to the matching close so the body doesn't surface as
+      // visible text content in sanitized output.
+      if (BODY_DROP_TAGS[tok.name] && !tok.selfClosing) {
+        var depth2 = 1;
+        var j = i + 1;
+        while (j < tokens.length && depth2 > 0) {
+          var t2 = tokens[j];
+          if (t2.type === "tag" && t2.name === tok.name && !t2.selfClosing) depth2 += 1;
+          else if (t2.type === "endTag" && t2.name === tok.name) depth2 -= 1;
+          j += 1;
+        }
+        i = j - 1;
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    var attrParts = [];
+    var attrs = tok.attrs || [];
+    for (var ai = 0; ai < attrs.length; ai += 1) {
+      var a = attrs[ai];
+      var an = a.name.toLowerCase();
+      if (EVENT_HANDLER_RE.test(an)) continue;
+      if (DANGEROUS_ATTRS.indexOf(an) !== -1) continue;
+      if (Object.keys(allowedAttrs).length > 0 && !allowedAttrs[an]) continue;
+      if (a.value && a.value.length > opts.maxAttrValueBytes) continue;
+      if (_isUrlAttr(an)) {
+        var scheme = _extractScheme(a.value);
+        if (scheme && DANGEROUS_SCHEMES.indexOf(scheme) !== -1) {
+          if (!(scheme === "data" && opts.allowImageData &&
+                tok.name === "img" && _isImageDataUrl(a.value))) {
+            continue;
+          }
+        } else if (scheme && opts.urlSchemes &&
+                   opts.urlSchemes.indexOf(scheme) === -1) {
+          if (!(scheme === "data" && opts.allowImageData &&
+                tok.name === "img" && _isImageDataUrl(a.value))) {
+            continue;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      if (an === "style" && _isCssDangerous(a.value)) continue;
+      if ((an === "id" || an === "name") && _isClobberProne(tok.name) &&
+          _isClobberGlobal(a.value)) continue;
+      attrParts.push(an + "=\"" + escapeAttr(a.value) + "\"");
+    }
+    var open = "<" + tok.name + (attrParts.length ? " " + attrParts.join(" ") : "") +
+               (tok.selfClosing ? " />" : ">");
+    out.push(open);
+  }
+  return out.join("");
+}
+
+// ---- Public surface ----
+
+function validate(input, opts) {
+  opts = _resolveOpts(opts);
+  numericBounds.requireAllPositiveFiniteIntIfPresent(opts,
+    ["maxBytes", "maxAttrValueBytes", "maxTagDepth", "maxAttrsPerTag"],
+    "guardHtml.validate", GuardHtmlError, "html.bad-opt");
+
+  return gateContract.runIssueValidator(input, opts, _detectIssues);
+}
+
+function sanitize(input, opts) {
+  opts = _resolveOpts(opts);
+  var text = typeof input === "string"
+    ? input
+    : (Buffer.isBuffer(input) ? input.toString("utf8") : null);
+  if (text == null) {
+    throw _err("html.bad-input", "sanitize requires string or Buffer input");
+  }
+  return _sanitize(text, opts);
+}
+
+function gate(opts) {
+  opts = _resolveOpts(opts);
+  return gateContract.buildGuardGate(
+    opts.name || "guardHtml:" + (opts.profile || "default"),
+    opts,
+    async function (ctx) {
+      var text = gateContract.extractBytesAsText(ctx);
+      if (!text) return { ok: true, action: "serve" };
+      var rv = validate(text, opts);
+      if (rv.issues.length === 0) return { ok: true, action: "serve" };
+      var hasCritical = rv.issues.some(function (i) {
+        return i.severity === "critical" || i.severity === "high";
+      });
+      if (!hasCritical) return { ok: true, action: "audit-only", issues: rv.issues };
+
+      // Sanitize attempt — only when no policy says reject.
+      if (opts.bidiPolicy !== "reject" &&
+          opts.controlPolicy !== "reject" &&
+          opts.nullBytePolicy !== "reject" &&
+          opts.cssPolicy !== "reject" &&
+          opts.domClobberPolicy !== "reject" &&
+          opts.mxssHintPolicy !== "reject") {
+        try {
+          var clean = sanitize(text, opts);
+          return {
+            ok: true, action: "sanitize",
+            sanitized: Buffer.from(clean, "utf8"),
+            issues: rv.issues,
+          };
+        } catch (_e) { /* fall through */ }
+      }
+      return { ok: false, action: "refuse", issues: rv.issues };
+    });
+}
+
+var buildProfile = gateContract.makeProfileBuilder(PROFILES);
+
+function compliancePosture(name) {
+  return gateContract.lookupCompliancePosture(name, COMPLIANCE_POSTURES, _err, "html");
+}
+
+var _htmlRulePacks = gateContract.makeRulePackLoader(GuardHtmlError, "html");
+var loadRulePack = _htmlRulePacks.load;
+
+void safeUrl;     // reserved for future scheme-allowlist composition
+
+module.exports = {
+  // ---- guard-* family registry exports ----
+  NAME:                "html",
+  KIND:                "content",
+  MIME_TYPES:          Object.freeze(["text/html", "application/xhtml+xml"]),
+  EXTENSIONS:          Object.freeze([".html", ".htm", ".xhtml"]),
+  INTEGRATION_FIXTURES: Object.freeze({
+    kind:         "content",
+    contentType:  "text/html",
+    extension:    ".html",
+    benignBytes:  Buffer.from("<p>hello world</p>", "utf8"),
+    // Hostile: <script> tag is in the dangerous-tag denylist; refused
+    // unconditionally regardless of profile.
+    hostileBytes: Buffer.from('<p>hi</p><script>alert(1)</script>', "utf8"),
+  }),
+  // ---- primitive surface ----
+  validate:            validate,
+  sanitize:            sanitize,
+  escapeText:          escapeText,
+  escapeAttr:          escapeAttr,
+  gate:                gate,
+  buildProfile:        buildProfile,
+  compliancePosture:   compliancePosture,
+  loadRulePack:        loadRulePack,
+  PROFILES:            PROFILES,
+  DEFAULTS:            DEFAULTS,
+  COMPLIANCE_POSTURES: COMPLIANCE_POSTURES,
+  DANGEROUS_TAGS:      DANGEROUS_TAGS,
+  STRICT_ALLOWED_TAGS: STRICT_ALLOWED_TAGS,
+  BALANCED_ALLOWED_TAGS: BALANCED_ALLOWED_TAGS,
+  PERMISSIVE_ALLOWED_TAGS: PERMISSIVE_ALLOWED_TAGS,
+  DANGEROUS_ATTRS:     DANGEROUS_ATTRS,
+  URL_ATTRS:           URL_ATTRS,
+  SAFE_SCHEMES:        SAFE_SCHEMES,
+  DANGEROUS_SCHEMES:   DANGEROUS_SCHEMES,
+  CLOBBER_GLOBALS:     CLOBBER_GLOBALS,
+  CLOBBER_PRONE_TAGS:  CLOBBER_PRONE_TAGS,
+  GuardHtmlError:      GuardHtmlError,
+};