scylla 0.4.3 → 0.5.0

data/test/fixtures/test_languages/english

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+  Saul Hudson (born July 23, 1965), known by his stage name Slash, is a British-American musician and songwriter. He is best known as the former lead guitarist of the American hard rock band Guns N' Roses, with whom he achieved worldwide success in the late 1980s and early 1990s. During his later years with Guns N' Roses, Slash formed the side project Slash's Snakepit. He then co-founded the supergroup Velvet Revolver, which re-established him as a mainstream performer in the mid to late 2000s. In 2010, Slash released his eponymous debut solo album, featuring an all-star roster of guest musicians.
+  Slash has received critical acclaim as a guitarist. Time named him runner-up on their list of "The 10 Best Electric Guitar Players" in 2009, while Guitar World ranked his solo in "November Rain" No. 6 on their list of "The 100 Greatest Guitar Solos" in 2008, and Total Guitar placed his riff in "Sweet Child o' Mine" at No. 1 on their list of "The 100 Greatest Riffs" in 2004.
+  
+  Slash was born Saul Hudson in Hampstead, an affluent area of London. His mother, Ola Hudson (née Oliver; 1946–2009), was an African American costume designer whose clients included David Bowie, and his father, Anthony Hudson, is an English artist who created album covers for musicians such as Neil Young and Joni Mitchell. Contrary to popular belief, Slash's mother was not Nigerian, nor is his father Jewish. Of his mixed background, Slash later remarked, "As a musician, I've always been amused that I'm both British and black; particularly because so many American musicians seem to aspire to be British while so many British musicians...went to such great pains to be black."
+  During his early years, Slash was raised by his father and paternal grandparents in Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire. When he was five years old, he and his father joined his mother in Los Angeles, California, where his brother, Albion "Ash" Hudson, was born in 1972. Following his parents' separation in 1974, Slash became a self-described "problem child," and he was often sent to live with his beloved maternal grandmother. He was given the nickname "Slash" by family friend Seymour Cassel, because he was "always in a hurry, zipping around from one thing to another." At the age of 16, he was permanently expelled from Fairfax High. While in school, Slash developed a passion for rock music:
+  My big awakening happened when I was 14. I'd been trying to get into this older girl's pants for a while, and she finally let me come over to her house. We hung out, smoked some pot and listened to Aerosmith's Rocks. It hit me like a fucking ton of bricks. I sat there listening to it over and over, and totally blew off this girl. I remember riding my bike back to my grandma's house knowing that my life had changed. Now I identified with something.
+  In 1979, Slash chose to form a band with his friend Steven Adler. Since Adler had designated himself the role of guitarist, Slash decided to learn how to play bass. Equipped with a one-string flamenco guitar given to him by his grandmother, he began taking classes with Robert Wolin, a teacher at Fairfax Music School. During his first lesson, Slash decided to switch from bass to guitar after hearing Wolin play "Brown Sugar" by the Rolling Stones. His decision to play guitar was further influenced by one of his school teachers, who would play songs by Cream and Led Zeppelin for his students. As a result, Slash stated, "When I heard him do that, I said, 'That's what I want to do.'" A champion BMX rider, Slash soon put the bike aside to devote himself to playing guitar, practicing up to twelve hours a day to hone his skills.
+  
+  1981–1985: Early years
+  Slash joined his first band, Tidus Sloan, in 1981. In 1983, he formed the band Road Crew—named for the Motörhead song "(We Are) The Road Crew"—with his childhood friend Steven Adler, who by then had learned to play drums. He placed an advertisement in a newspaper looking for a bassist, and received a response from Duff McKagan. They auditioned a number of singers, including one-time Black Flag vocalist Ron Reyes, and worked on material that included the main riff of what would become the Guns N' Roses song "Rocket Queen." Slash disbanded the group the following year due to them not being able to find a singer, as well as Adler's lack of work ethic compared to himself and McKagan. He then joined a local band known as Hollywood Rose, which featured singer Axl Rose and guitarist Izzy Stradlin. Following his time with Hollywood Rose, Slash played in a band called Black Sheep and unsuccessfully auditioned for Poison, a glam metal band that he would later openly deride.
+  [edit]1985–1996: Guns N' Roses
+  Main article: Guns N' Roses
+  In June 1985, Slash was asked by Axl Rose and Izzy Stradlin to join the newly founded Guns N' Roses. Duff McKagan and Steven Adler completed the line-up. They played nightclubs—such as the Whisky a Go Go, The Roxy, and The Troubadour—and opened for larger acts throughout 1985 and 1986. It was during this period that the band wrote most of its classic material, including "Welcome to the Jungle," "Sweet Child o' Mine," and "Paradise City," As a result of their rowdy and rebellious behavior, Guns N' Roses quickly received the moniker "Most Dangerous Band in the World," causing Slash to remark, "For some strange reason, Guns N' Roses is like the catalyst for controversy, even before we had any kind of record deal." After being scouted by several major record labels, the band signed with Geffen Records in March 1986. Later that year, they began recording their debut album, but initially nothing was accomplished as Slash had developed a drug problem.
+  In July 1987, Guns N' Roses released its debut album, Appetite for Destruction, which to date has sold over 28 million copies worldwide, 18 million of which were sold in the United States, making it the best-selling debut album of all time in the U.S. In the summer of 1988, the band achieved its only U.S. No. 1 hit with "Sweet Child o' Mine," a song spearheaded by Slash's guitar riff and solo. In November of that year, Guns N' Roses released G N' R Lies, which sold over five million copies in the U.S. alone, despite containing only eight tracks, four of which were included on the previously released EP Live ?!*@ Like a Suicide. As their success grew, so did interpersonal tensions within the band. In 1989, during a show as opening act for the Rolling Stones, Axl Rose threatened to leave the band if certain members of the band didn't stop "dancing with Mr. Brownstone," a reference to their song of the same name about heroin use. Slash was among those who promised to clean up. However, the following year, Steven Adler was fired from the band because of his heroin addiction; he was replaced by Matt Sorum of The Cult.
+  In May 1991, the band embarked on the two-and-a-half-year-long Use Your Illusion Tour. The following September, Guns N' Roses released the long-awaited albums Use Your Illusion I and Use Your Illusion II, which debuted at No. 2 and No. 1, respectively, on the U.S. chart, a feat not achieved by any other group. Izzy Stradlin abruptly left the band in November; he was replaced by Gilby Clarke of Candy and Kill for Thrills. Slash played his final show with Guns N' Roses on July 17, 1993. In November of that year, the band released "The Spaghetti Incident?", a cover album of mostly punk songs, which proved less successful than its predecessors. Slash then wrote several songs for what would have become the follow-up album to the Use Your Illusion twins. Axl Rose, however, rejected the material.
+  After three years of inactivity, Slash announced in October 1996 that he was no longer a part of Guns N' Roses. In his 2007 autobiography, Slash stated that his decision to leave the band was not based, as widely believed, on artistic differences with Axl Rose, but on the following three reasons: the disrespect shown by Rose to their audiences and crew by causing the band to almost always take the stage late during the Use Your Illusion Tour; the legal manipulation that Rose forced on his band mates by demanding ownership of the band name and downgrading them contractually to hired hands; and the departures of Steven Adler and Izzy Stradlin.
+  [edit]1994–2002: Slash's Snakepit
+  Main article: Slash's Snakepit
+  In 1994, Slash formed Slash's Snakepit, a side project that featured his Guns N' Roses band mates Matt Sorum and Gilby Clarke on drums and rhythm guitar respectively, as well as Alice in Chains' Mike Inez on bass and Jellyfish's Eric Dover on vocals. The band recorded Slash's material originally intended for Guns N' Roses, resulting in the release of It's Five O'Clock Somewhere in February 1995. The album was critically praised for ignoring the then-popular conventions of alternative music, and fared well on the charts, eventually selling over one million copies in the US alone despite little promotion from Geffen Records. Slash's Snakepit toured in support of the album with bassist James LoMenzo and drummer Brian Tichy of Pride and Glory, before disbanding in 1996. Slash then toured for two years with the blues rock cover band Slash's Blues Ball.
+  In 1999, Slash chose to regroup Slash's Snakepit with Rod Jackson on vocals, Ryan Roxie on rhythm guitar, Johnny Griparic on bass, and Matt Laug on drums. Their second album, Ain't Life Grand, was released in October 2000 through Koch Records. It did not sell as well as the band's previous release, and its critical reception was mixed. To promote the album, the band—with Keri Kelli on rhythm guitar—embarked on an extensive world tour in support of AC/DC in the summer of 2000, followed by their own headlining theatre tour. Slash disbanded Snakepit in 2002.
+  [edit]2002–2008: Velvet Revolver
+  Main article: Velvet Revolver
+
+
+  Slash during a Velvet Revolver concert in Nijmegen in 2005
+  In 2002, Slash reunited with Duff McKagan and Matt Sorum for a Randy Castillo tribute concert. Realizing that they still had the chemistry of their days in Guns N' Roses, they decided to form a new band together. Former Guns N' Roses guitarist Izzy Stradlin was initially involved, but left after the others decided to find a lead singer. Dave Kushner, who had previously played with McKagan in Loaded, then joined the band on rhythm guitar. For many months, the four searched for a lead singer by listening to offered demo tapes, a monotonous process documented by VH1. Eventually, former Stone Temple Pilots vocalist Scott Weiland joined the band.
+  In 2003, Velvet Revolver played several concerts during the summer and released their first single, "Set Me Free". In June 2004, they released their debut album, Contraband, which debuted at No. 1 on the U.S. chart and sold two million copies, re-establishing Slash as a mainstream performer. A year-and-a-half-long tour followed in support of the album. In July 2007, Velvet Revolver released their sophomore album, Libertad, and embarked on a second tour. During a show in March 2008, Weiland announced to the audience that it would be the band's final tour; he left the band the following month to rejoin Stone Temple Pilots. Despite Weiland's departure, Velvet Revolver did not officially disband.
+  In early 2010, Velvet Revolver began writing new songs and auditioning new singers. By January 2011, the band had recorded nine demos, and was reportedly due to make a decision on their singer. However, the following April, Slash stated that they had been unable to find a suitable singer and that Velvet Revolver would remain on hiatus for the next few years while its members focus on other projects.
+  [edit]2008–present: Solo career
+  Band members[show]
+  In September 2008, Slash began recording music for his debut solo album. He described the process of recording by himself as "cathartic." Slash's wife Perla revealed that many different artists would appear on the album, saying, "It's going to be Slash and friends, with everyone from Ozzy to Fergie." The album, simply titled Slash, debuted at No. 3 on the U.S. chart upon its release in April 2010. It featured an all-star roster of guest musicians, including Ozzy Osbourne, Fergie of The Black Eyed Peas, Chris Cornell of Soundgarden, Adam Levine of Maroon 5, Lemmy Kilmister of Motörhead, Dave Grohl of the Foo Fighters, and Iggy Pop. To promote the album, Slash embarked on his first solo world tour with Myles Kennedy of Alter Bridge on vocals, Bobby Schneck on rhythm guitar, Todd Kerns on bass, and Brent Fitz on drums.
+  In June 2011, Slash began pre-production on his second solo album with his touring band mates Todd Kerns and Brent Fitz. He plans to begin recording in September. The album, which will be a collaboration with Myles Kennedy, is slated for release in March or April 2012.
+  [edit]Session work
+  In 1991, Slash played lead guitar on the single "Give In to Me" off Michael Jackson's album Dangerous, as well as in the opening skit for the song "Black or White" off the same album. In 1995, he played guitar on "D.S.," a controversial song from Jackson's HIStory album, and in 1997 appeared on the song "Morphine" off the remix album Blood on the Dance Floor. In 2001, Slash played on "Privacy" off Jackson's final studio album, Invincible.
+  In 1993, Slash appeared on the album Stone Free: A Tribute to Jimi Hendrix, performing "I Don't Live Today" with Paul Rodgers and Band of Gypsys. In 1996, he collaborated with Marta Sánchez to record the flamenco-inspired song "Obsession-Confession" for the Curdled soundtrack. Later that year, he played with Alice Cooper at Sammy Hagar's club Cabo Wabo in Cabo San Lucas, Mexico; the show was released the following year as A Fistful of Alice. In 1997, Slash appeared alongside rapper Ol' Dirty Bastard on BLACKstreet's rock remix of their hit single "Fix"; he also appeared in the accompanying music video. That same year, he contributed music to the soundtrack of Quentin Tarantino's Jackie Brown; several compositions by Slash's Snakepit can be heard throughout the film.
+  In 2002, Slash played on the title track to Elán's album Street Child. In 2003, he participated in the Yardbirds' comeback record Birdland; he played lead guitar on the track "Over, Under, Sideways, Down." In 2006, Slash played on a cover of "In the Summertime" on keyboardist Derek Sherinian's solo album Blood of the Snake; he was also featured in the accompanying music video. In 2007, he appeared on Paulina Rubio's single "Nada Puede Cambiarme". In 2008, Slash played guitar on the film score of The Wrestler, composed by Clint Mansell. In 2009, he was featured on Rihanna's single "Rockstar 101" off her album Rated R. In 2011, he contributed the song "Kick It Up a Notch" to the Disney Channel animation Phineas and Ferb The Movie: Across the 2nd Dimension; he appeared in both live-action and animated form in the promotional music video.
+  [edit]Other ventures
+
+
+  Slash on the cover of the video game Guitar Hero III: Legends of Rock
+  A self-described "film buff," Slash has had small parts in several films and television series. In 1988, he appeared with his Guns N' Roses band mates in the Dirty Harry film The Dead Pool, in which his character attends a musician's funeral and shoots a harpoon. He played radio DJ Hank in a 1994 episode of the horror anthology television series Tales from the Crypt. In 1999, he appeared as the host of the Miss America Bag Lady pageant in the widely-panned film The Underground Comedy Movie. He has also appeared as himself in several projects, including Howard Stern's Private Parts in 1997, The Drew Carey Show in 1998, MADtv in 2005, and Sacha Baron Cohen's Brüno in 2009. Slash voiced a recurring caricature of himself in Robert Evans' animated television series Kid Notorious, which aired in 2003 on Comedy Central. As in real life, Slash is Evans' close friend and next-door neighbor. On May 5, 2009, he appeared as the guest mentor for the rock 'n' roll week of American Idol. In 2010, Slash formed Slasher Films, a horror film production company. Its first film, Nothing to Fear, is currently in pre-production.
+  Slash's autobiography, simply titled Slash, was published on October 30, 2007. It was co-written with Anthony Bozza. In addition, Slash made several contributions to The Heroin Diaries: A Year in the Life of a Shattered Rock Star, the autobiography of Mötley Crüe bassist Nikki Sixx, which was also published in 2007.
+  Slash is a playable character in the video game Guitar Hero III: Legends of Rock, released in 2007. His performance was motion captured to record his movements for the game. Slash's character becomes playable after a player beats him in a one-on-one competition, which then leads to the player and Slash playing the master track of "Welcome to the Jungle."
+  [edit]Personal life
+
+  They divorced in late 1997 after five years of marriage. Slash remarried to former madam Perla Ferrar on October 15, 2001 in Hawaii. They have two sons, London Emilio (born August 28, 2002) and Cash Anthony (born June 23, 2004). In August 2010, Slash filed for divorce from Ferrar, but the couple reconciled two months later. The family lives in Los Angeles.
+  Slash is a "proud" dual citizen of the United Kingdom and the United States; he was born a British citizen through his birth on British soil, and in 1996 he became an American citizen through naturalization.
+  In 2001, at the age of 35, Slash was diagnosed with cardiomyopathy, congestive heart failure caused by his many years of alcohol and drug abuse. Originally given between six days and six weeks to live, he survived through physical therapy and the implantation of a defibrillator. Slash has been clean and sober since 2006, which he credits to his wife Perla.
+  Slash has received recognition for his longtime contributions to establishing environmental welfare programs. He is a board trustee of the Greater Los Angeles Zoo Association and has long supported the Los Angeles Zoo and zoos around the world. Slash's love of reptiles was for many years a notable aspect of his public persona—with several of his many snakes appearing with him in music videos and photoshoots—until the birth of his first son in 2002 forced him to rehome his collection.
+  Slash's former friendship with Guns N' Roses frontman Axl Rose has soured since his departure from the band. In 2006, Rose claimed that Slash had shown up at his house uninvited the previous year to offer a truce. He alleged that Slash had insulted his Velvet Revolver band mates, telling Rose that he considered Scott Weiland "a fraud" and Duff McKagan "spineless," and that he "hated" Matt Sorum. Slash initially denied the accusations, but in his 2007 autobiography he admitted to visiting Rose's home with the intention to settle a longstanding legal dispute and make peace with his former band mate. He claims, however, that he did not speak with Rose and instead merely left a note. Slash maintains that he has not spoken with Rose in person since 1996. In 2009, in response to a statement by Rose in which he referred to Slash as "a cancer," Slash commented, "It doesn't really affect me at all....It's been a long time. The fact that he has anything to say at all, it's like, 'Whatever, dude.' It doesn't really matter."
+  [edit]Awards and accolades
+
+  Slash has received critical acclaim as a guitarist. In 2005, he was named "Best Guitarist" by Esquire, which congratulated him on "beating the comeback odds with a surprisingly legitimate and vital outfit, Velvet Revolver." Slash was awarded the title of "Riff Lord" during Metal Hammer's fourth annual Golden Gods awards in 2007. In 2008, he was ranked No. 21 on Gigwise's list of "The 50 Greatest Guitarists Ever," and in 2009, he was named runner-up on "The 10 Best Electric Guitar Players" list in Time, which praised him as "a remarkably precise player."
+  In 2007, Slash was honored with a star on the Rock Walk of Fame; his name was placed alongside Jimmy Page, Eddie Van Halen and Jimi Hendrix. He was the honoree at the 2010 Sunset Strip Music Festival, where he was presented by West Hollywood mayor John Heilman with a plaque declaring August 26 as "Slash Day."
+  In 2004, Slash's introductory riff in "Sweet Child o' Mine" was voted No. 1 on a list of "The 100 Greatest Riffs" by the readers of Total Guitar; his riffs in "Out ta Get Me" (No. 51), "Welcome to the Jungle" (No. 21), and "Paradise City" (No. 19) also made the list. In 2006, his solo in "Paradise City" was voted No. 3 by Total Guitar's readers on a list of "The 100 Hottest Guitar Solos"; his solos in "Sweet Child o' Mine" and "November Rain" were ranked No. 30 and No. 82 respectively. In 2008, Guitar World placed Slash's solo in "November Rain" at No. 6 on their list of "The 100 Greatest Guitar Solos," while his solo in "Sweet Child o' Mine" was ranked No. 37 on the list. In 2010, the readers of Total Guitar voted his riff in "Slither" runner-up on the list of "The 50 Greatest Riffs of the Decade," while his riff in "By the Sword" was ranked No. 22.
+  [edit]Equipment
+
+  Slash owns more than 100 guitars. He prefers the Gibson Les Paul, which he has called "the best all-around guitar for me." Gibson has credited him with bringing the Les Paul back into the mainstream. His main studio guitar is a 1959 Gibson Les Paul Standard replica, which he came to own during the recording sessions for Guns N' Roses' debut album, Appetite for Destruction. He used that guitar on every subsequent album he recorded with Guns N' Roses and Velvet Revolver. For many years, his main live guitar was a 1988 Gibson Les Paul Standard.
+  On stage, Slash prefers Marshall amplifiers, particularly the Marshall "Silver Jubilee" JCM 2555 amp. He used a rented early-1970s Marshall 1959 for the recording of Appetite for Destruction. Slash liked the amp so much that he tried to keep it, telling the store that it had been stolen, but it was returned accidentally by a roadie. For the recording of Velvet Revolver's debut album, Contraband, he used a Vox AC30 amp and small Fender tube amps, and on their second album, Libertad, he used the Marshall "Vintage Modern" 2466 amp. On his eponymous debut solo album and the subsequent world tour, Slash used his signature Marshall AFD100 amp.
+  Signature guitars[show]
+  Since 1997, Slash has collaborated with Gibson on eleven signature Les Paul models—three through Gibson USA; four through the Gibson Custom Shop; and four through the Gibson subsidiary Epiphone. He has also collaborated on signature equipment with other companies. In 1996, Marshall introduced the Marshall Slash Signature JCM 2555, an authentic reissue of the Marshall "Silver Jubilee" JCM 2555 released in 1987. It was the first signature amp ever produced by Marshall, with production limited to 3000. In 2007, Jim Dunlop introduced the Crybaby SW-95 Slash Signature Wah, designed after Slash's own custom-built Crybaby wah pedal. In 2010, Seymour Duncan introduced the Alnico II Pro Slash APH-2 pickups, which were designed to recreate the tone of Slash's main studio guitar. Also in 2010, Marshall introduced the Marshall AFD100, a recreation of the Marshall 1959 that Slash used for the recording of Appetite for Destruction.

data/test/fixtures/test_languages/german

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+Rammstein ist eine deutsche Rockband, die  in Berlin gegründet wurde und musikalisch zur Neuen Deutschen Härte gezählt wird. Ihre Kennzeichen sind ein beispielsweise als „brachial“ beschriebener Musikstil, den die Bandmitglieder selbst „Tanzmetall“ nennen, häufig kontrovers diskutierte Texte, aufgrund derer der Band unter anderem die Verharmlosung des Nationalsozialismus und Gewaltverherrlichung  durch Einsatz von pyrotechnischen Elementen bei Konzerten vorgeworfen wurde. Der musikalische Stil der Band wurde unter anderem von der slowenischen Band Laibach beeinflusst. Bis heute verkaufte Rammstein über  Millionen Tonträger und ist trotz deutschsprachiger Texte auch in Ländern wie zum Beispiel den Vereinigten Staaten kommerziell erfolgreich. Das jüngste Studioalbum der Band Liebe ist für alle da erschien am . Oktober .
+
+Vorgeschichte und Anfangszeit [Bearbeiten]
+Die Vorgeschichte Rammsteins reicht bis in die Zeit vor der Deutschen Wiedervereinigung. Richard Kruspe floh aus seiner Heimatstadt Schwerin über Ungarn und Österreich in die alte Bundesrepublik und gründete als Gitarrist seine erste Band Orgasm Death Gimmick. Nach dem Mauerfall  zog er zurück nach Schwerin. In dieser Zeit lernte er Till Lindemann kennen, der in der Punkband First Arsch Schlagzeug spielte. Zusammen mit Richard Kruspes Mitbewohnern Oliver Riedel, Bassist der Band The Inchtabokatables, und Christoph Schneider, Schlagzeuger bei Die Firma, starteten sie das Projekt Rammstein. Mit Till Lindemann als Sänger und Textschreiber begannen sie, gemeinsam zu musizieren. Um besser proben zu können, zog Lindemann von Chemnitz nach Berlin. Eine erste Demoaufnahme mit vier Liedern (Das alte Leid, Seemann, Weißes Fleisch und Rammstein) nahmen sie am . Februar  für den Berliner Senatswettbewerb für junge Bands auf. Diese Lieder unterschieden sich aber von den gleichnamigen Liedern, die auf Herzeleid, dem Debütalbum der Band, zu hören sind. Bei diesem Wettbewerb gewannen sie eine einwöchige Aufnahmesitzung in einem Tonstudio.
+Kurz darauf stieg als zweiter Gitarrist Paul Landers von der Band Feeling B mit ein, der bei den einwöchigen Aufnahmen bereits mitgespielt hatte. Wunschkandidat als Keyboarder war Flake Lorenz, der in derselben Gruppe wie Paul Landers spielte. Dieser zeigte zuerst Abneigung gegen die neue Band, erklärte sich später aber zur Zusammenarbeit bereit.
+Zunächst spielte Rammstein auf Konzerten mit wenig Publikum und in Clubs. Der erste Auftritt fand am .  April  in der für ihr alternatives Kulturprogramm bekannten Leipziger naTo vor  Besuchern statt.
+ begann die Zusammenarbeit mit Manager Emanuel Fialik und dessen Unternehmen Pilgrim Management, welches die Band Ende des Jahres bei Motor Music vorstellte, die mit Rammstein Anfang  einen Plattenvertrag abschloss.
+Kommerzieller Erfolg [Bearbeiten]
+ debütierte Rammstein mit dem Album Herzeleid, das auf Platz  der deutschen Albencharts einstieg. Anschließend tourten Rammstein als Vorgruppe der Cottbuser Band Sandow und später mit Project Pitchfork durch Deutschland und traten als Vorgruppe der schwedischen Crossover-Band Clawfinger in Warschau und Prag auf. Danach folgte die erste,  Konzerte umfassende Deutschlandtour als Headliner. Zudem traten sie als Vorband der Ramones auf.
+Das zweite Album Sehnsucht stieg dagegen in die Top Ten der deutschen, österreichischen und schweizerischen Albumcharts ein. Infolgedessen erreichte auch Herzeleid höhere Chartplatzierungen als im Erscheinungsjahr. Alle seitdem veröffentlichten Studioalben der Band erreichten in Österreich und Deutschland die Spitze der Charts. 
+Die entsprechende Tour im Jahr  führte durch den deutschsprachigen Raum und ganz Europa. Des Weiteren traten Rammstein zum ersten Mal in den USA auf, wo sie zwei Klubkonzerte im Rahmen des „CMJ-Festivals“ in New York City gaben und als Support der Band KMFDM auftraten.
+Im selben Jahr erfuhr Rammstein durch die Verwendung zweier Lieder (Rammstein und Heirate mich) in dem Soundtrack des Filmes Lost Highway von David Lynch internationale Aufmerksamkeit.
+Die erste Headlinertour durch die USA fand im folgenden Jahr statt. Auftritte hatten sie auch bei Open-Air Konzerten unter anderen bei Rock am Ring. Konzerte mit Korn und Limp Bizkit führten sie im Rahmen der „Family Values Tour“ abermals in die Vereinigten Staaten. Beim Konzert auf der Parkbühne in der Berliner Wuhlheide am . August  wurde das Album Live aus Berlin aufgenommen, das  erschien. Außerdem präsentierte die Band das Lied „Du hast“ bei den MTV Europe Music Awards  in Mailand.
+ tourten sie als Support von KISS durch Süd- und Mittelamerika. Eine Tour durch Nordamerika mit Soulfly als Vorgruppe folgte.
+Im Jahre  – vier Jahre nach ihrem letzten Studioalbum – wurde Mutter veröffentlicht. Bei der „Pledge of Allegiance Tour“ im selben Jahr traten Rammstein unter anderem mit Slipknot und System of a Down auf. Gitarrist Paul Landers fiel für zwei Konzerte aus, da er wegen eines Krankheitsfalls in der Familie zwischenzeitlich nach Deutschland zurückkehrte. Einen Abend spielten Rammstein zu fünft, am Abend darauf ersetzte Daron Malakian von System of a Down Landers. Rammstein brachen die Tour danach komplett ab.
+Rammstein hatte im Film „xXx – Triple X“ (erschien ) am Anfang einen Auftritt mit ihrem Song „Feuer frei!“, der zugleich der Titelsong des Films ist.
+Rammstein traten im Jahre  weder bei Festivals oder sonstigen Veranstaltungen auf, gingen aber  und  mit dem neuen Album Reise, Reise auf Welttournee. Außerdem führten Rammstein das Lied „Keine Lust“ bei der Echoverleihung  auf, bei der sie den Preis in der Kategorie „Bester Live-Act“ gewannen. Erstmals besuchten sie bei ihrer Tournee Slowenien und die Slowakei. Bei den Konzerten dieser Tour wurde die DVD Völkerball aufgenommen, die aber erst Ende  erschien.
+Im Jahre  erhielten die Dresdner Sinfoniker unter Leitung von Torsten Rasch den Klassik-Echo für ihren Liederzyklus Mein Herz brennt, in dem sie Texte von Rammstein verwendeten. Produziert wurde das Projekt von Sven Helbig, der seitdem auch an den folgenden Alben als Produzent mitwirkte.
+Am . Oktober des anschließenden Jahres veröffentlichte die Band das Album Rosenrot, zu dem aber keine Konzerte gegeben wurden.[Quelle? ] Manche der auf dem Album enthaltenen Lieder waren bereits während der Arbeiten zum Vorgängeralbum Reise, Reise geschrieben worden.
+Für das Jahr  hatten Rammstein eine Schaffens- und Auftrittspause eingelegt. Seit Mai  arbeiteten sie an einem neuen Studioalbum.
+Am . November  wurde bekannt gegeben, dass die Band die Vorproduktion zum sechsten Album in Berlin fertiggestellt hat. Die Schlagzeugtracks wurden von Christoph Schneider gemeinsam mit dem Produzententeam um Jacob Hellner im Henson Studio in Los Angeles Anfang November aufgenommen. Am . November begann dann die gesamte Band gemeinsam in einem angemieteten Studio in der Nähe von San Francisco, das neue Album aufzunehmen. Die erste Singleauskopplung Pussy erschien am . September , das Album Liebe ist für alle da am . Oktober. Der bereits am . Juli  illegal im Internet aufgetauchte gleichnamige Albumtitel führte dazu, dass zwei große Fanseiten temporär vom Netz genommen wurden.
+Anfang Dezember  musste eine Show in Luxemburg ausfallen, da Till Lindemann erkrankte. Für die Konzerte im selben Monat in Hamburg, Kopenhagen und Rostock half Alf Ator (Knorkator) wegen einer Erkrankung Christian Lorenz’ als Keyboarder aus.
+Im November  tauchte, ähnlich wie schon Liebe ist für alle da, illegal ein bisher unveröffentlichter Rammstein-Song mit dem Titel Eisenmann im Internet auf. Es ist höchstwahrscheinlich die Demo-Version eines nie veröffentlichten Liedes aus der Rosenrot-Zeit.
+Im Juni  gaben Rammstein auf ihrer offiziellen Homepage bekannt, dass  ein Best-of-Album erscheinen wird. Es wird den Titel Made In Germany  –  tragen und anschließend ist eine Tour durch Europa geplant.  Das Album wird einen neuen Song sowie alle Videos auf DVD enthalten. 
+Musik [Bearbeiten]
+
+Rammstein gelten laut Verfassungsschutz des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen als wichtiger Vertreter der Neuen Deutschen Härte. Dabei spannt ihre Musik einen Bogen über verwandte Stilrichtungen wie Hard Rock und Alternative Metal, aber auch Deutschrock und Technoelemente (beispielsweise auf dem Album Sehnsucht). Eine genaue Klassifizierung wird dadurch erschwert, dass sich die Musik der Band im Laufe der Zeit gewandelt hat, und auf den jüngeren Alben auch Einflüsse weiterer Musikstile und exotische Instrumente zu hören sind. So weist beispielsweise das Lied Te Quiero Puta! vom Album Rosenrot Einflüsse lateinamerikanischer Musik auf.
+Andere Bands wie beispielsweise die slowenische Gruppe Laibach, deren Musikstil ebenfalls verschiedene Genres vereint, oder die Rockband Oomph!  hatten Einfluss auf Rammstein.
+Anders als viele Gruppen aus dem Berlin der frühen er Jahre wollten Rammstein nach eigener Aussage keine amerikanischen und englischen Bands imitieren. Flake Lorenz sagte dazu in einem Interview: „Den Stil haben wir gefunden, indem wir alle genau wussten, was wir nicht wollen. Und wir wollten genau nicht amerikanische Funkymusik machen oder Punk eben oder irgend so was, was wir gar nicht können. Wir haben gemerkt, dass wir nur diese Musik können, die wir auch spielen. Und die ist halt mal sehr einfach, stumpf, monoton.“

data/test/fixtures/test_languages/hindi

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+भारत, पौराणिक जम्बूद्वीप, आधुनिक दक्षिण एशिया में स्थित भारतीय उपमहाद्वीप का सबसे बड़ा देश है। भारत का भौगोलिक फैलाव ८० ४' से ३७० ६' उत्तरी अक्षांश तक तथा ६८० ७' से ९७० २५'पूर्वी देशान्तर तक है। भारत का विस्तार उत्तर से दक्षिण तक कि. मी. और पूर्व से पश्चिम तक २,९३३ कि. मी. है। भारत की समुद्र तट रेखा ७५१६.६ किलोमीटर लम्बी है। भारत, भौगोलिक दृष्टि से विश्व में सातवाँ सबसे बड़ा और जनसँख्या के दृष्टिकोण से दूसरा सब से बड़ा देश है। भारत के पश्चिम में पाकिस्तान, उत्तर-पूर्व में चीन, नेपाल, और भूटान और पूर्व में बांग्लादेश और म्यान्मार देश स्थित हैं। हिन्द महासागर में इसके दक्षिण पश्चिम में मालदीव, दक्षिण में श्रीलंका और दक्षिण-पूर्व में इंडोनेशिया हैं। उत्तर-पश्चिम में अफ़गानिस्तान के साथ भारत की सीमा है। इसके उत्तर में हिमालय पर्वत है और दक्षिण में हिन्द महासागर है। पूर्व में बंगाल की खाड़ी है तथा पश्चिम में अरब सागरसमुद्र हैं । भारत में कई बड़ी नदियाँ हैं । गंगा नदी भारतीय संस्कृति में अत्यंत पवित्र मानी जाती है। अन्य बड़ी नदियाँ सिन्धु, नर्मदा, ब्रह्मपुत्र, यमुना, गोदावरी, कावेरी, कृष्णा, चम्बल, सतलज, व्यास आदि हैं।
+यह विश्व का सबसे बड़ा लोकतंत्र है। यहाँ ३०० से अधिक भाषाएँ बोली जाती हैं [1]। यह विश्व की कुछ प्राचीनतम सभ्यताओं की जननी रहा है जैसे - सिन्धु घाटी सभ्यता, और महत्वपूर्ण ऐतिहासिक व्यापार पथों का अभिन्न अंग भी. विश्व के चार प्रमुख धर्म : सनातन-हिन्दू, बौद्ध, जैन तथा सिख भारत में ही जन्मे और विकसित हुए।
+भारत भौगोलिक क्षेत्रफल के आधार पर विश्व का सातवाँ सबसे बड़ा राष्ट्र है। भारत की राजधानी नई दिल्ली है। भारत के अन्य बड़े महानगर मुम्बई (बम्बई), कोलकाता (कलकत्ता) और चेन्नई (मद्रास) हैं। १९४७ में स्वतंत्रता प्राप्ति से पूर्व ब्रिटिश भारत के रूप में ब्रिटिश साम्राज्य के प्रमुख अंग भारत ने विगत २० वर्ष में सार्थक प्रगति की है, विशेष रूप से आर्थिक और भारतीय सेना एक क्षेत्रीय शक्ति और विश्वव्यापक शक्ति है। भारत विश्व की दसवीं सबसे बड़ी अर्थव्यवस्था है। हाल के वर्षों में भारत की अर्थव्यवस्था ने बहुत प्रगति की है, और ताज़ा स्थिति में भारत विश्व में तीसरे-चौथे स्थान पर होने का दावा करता है ।

data/test/fixtures/test_languages/italian

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+Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci (Vinci, 15 aprile 1452 – Amboise, 2 maggio 1519) è stato un pittore, ingegnere e scienziato italiano. Uomo d'ingegno e talento universale del Rinascimento italiano, incarnò in pieno lo spirito della sua epoca, portandolo alle maggiori forme di espressione nei più disparati campi dell'arte e della conoscenza. Fu pittore, disegnatore, scultore, architetto, ingegnere, scenografo, anatomista, letterato, musicista, progettista e inventore. È considerato uno dei più grandi geni dell'umanità.
+
+Leonardo fu il figlio primogenito del venticinquenne notaio ser Piero da Vinci, di famiglia facoltosa, avuto da una relazione illegittima con una certa Caterina di estrazione inferiore. La notizia della nascita del primo nipote venne annotata dal nonno Antonio, padre di Piero e pure notaio, su un antico libro notarile trecentesco, usato ormai come raccolta di "ricordanze" della famiglia, indicando: «Nacque un mio nipote, figliolo di ser Piero mio figliolo a dì 15 aprile in sabato a ore 3 di notte [attuali 22.30]. Ebbe nome Lionardo. Battizzollo prete Piero di Bartolomeo da Vinci, in presenza di Papino di Nanni, Meo di Tonino, Pier di Malvolto, Nanni di Venzo, Arigo di Giovanni Tedesco, monna Lisa di Domenico di Brettone, monna Antonia di Giuliano, monna Niccolosa del Barna, monna Maria, figliuola di Nanni di Venzo, monna Pippa di Previcone». Nel registro non è indicato il luogo di nascita di Leonardo, che si ritiene comunemente essere la casa che la famiglia di ser Piero possedeva, insieme con un podere, ad Anchiano, dove la madre di Leonardo andrà ad abitare. Il battesimo avvenne nella vicina parrocchiale di Santa Croce, ma sia il padre che la madre erano assenti, poiché sconvenientemente non sposati. Per Piero si stavano preparando ben altre nozze, mentre per Caterina venne cercato, nel 1453, un marito che accettasse di buon grado la sua situazione compromessa, trovando un contadino di Campo Zeppi, vicino Vinci, tale Piero del Vaccha da Vinci, detto l'Attaccabriga, forse anche mercenario come il fratello Andrea.
+Nel frattempo, già nel 1452, il padre Piero si era sposato con Albiera di Giovanni Amadori, dalla quale non avrà figli. La lieta accoglienza del bambino, nonostante il suo status illegittimo, è testimoniata, oltre che dall'annotazione del nonno, anche dalla sua presenza nella casa paterna di Vinci. Ciò si legge nella dichiarazione per il catasto di Vinci dell'anno 1457, redatta sempre dal nonno Antonio, ove si riporta che il detto Antonio aveva 85 anni e abitava nel popolo di Santa Croce, marito di Lucia, di anni 64, e aveva per figli Francesco e Piero, d'anni 30, sposato ad Albiera, ventunenne, e con loro convivente era «Lionardo figliuolo di detto ser Piero non legittimo nato di lui e della Chaterina che al presente è donna d'Achattabriga di Piero del Vacca da Vinci, d'anni 5».
+La matrigna Albiera morì appena ventottenne nel 1464, quando la famiglia risiedeva già a Firenze, venendo sepolta in San Biagio. Ser Piero si risposò altre tre volte: una seconda (1464) con la quindicenne Francesca di ser Giuliano Manfredini, che pure morì senza progenie, una terza con Margherita di Francesco di Jacopo di Guglielmo (1475), che gli diede finalmente sei figli; altri sei ne ebbe con il quarto e ultimo matrimonio.
+Leonardo ebbe così dodici tra fratellastri e sorellastre, tutti molto più giovani di lui (l'ultimo nacque quando Leonardo aveva quarantasei anni), con i quali ebbe pochissimi rapporti, ma che gli diedero molti problemi dopo la morte del padre nella contesa sull'eredità.

data/test/fixtures/test_languages/japanese

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+お知らせは、ウィキペディアの執筆者向けに、新しいテンプレートや新機能のアナウンス、ウィキペディア日本語版全体に関わる議論のお知らせ、プロジェクト参加への呼びかけなどを行う場所です。メインページでのお知らせがウィキペディアの読者と執筆者の双方へ向けたお知らせなのに対して、こちらは執筆者向けのお知らせという性格になります。
+あなたが様々な新機能の導入や変更に関心を持つならば、上の「ウォッチリストに追加」タブをクリックすることで、このページの書き込みをフォローすることができます。「ウィキメディア・プロジェクト全体のお知らせ」は、同様にWikipedia:お知らせ/ウィキメディア共通をウォッチリストに入れてください。また、ウィキペディアでは、すべての編集が記録されています。あなたがしばらくウォッチリストを確認していなかった場合などは、過去ログや履歴から、過去の「お知らせ」を知ることもできます。
+最近の過去ログ
+年月、年月、年月
+新しくお知らせを行う方法[表示]
+新しい節を設けて投稿してください。
+ウィキペディア日本語版のローカルなお知らせ
+目次 [非表示]
+ 括弧の前にスペースを置かなくても良いようにする提案
+ 削除されたページへのリダイレクト・転送先がないリダイレクト
+ ノートページにスレッド風スタイルを導入する提案
+ 新しい利用者グループを設けるかどうかの投票
+ 「執筆コンテストの得点付与基準」について取りまとめのお知らせ
+ ウィキペディア・アカデミー＆ブース展示＠OSC名古屋のお知らせ（関西ウィキメディアユーザ会）
+ 月間感謝賞の推薦資格を緩和する提案について
+ Portal:古代ローマの正式リリース
+ Template:読み疑問点を作成しました
+ Template:ネタバレ は一旦全て剥がされることに決定しました
+ Wikipeida:不快なコンテンツのガイドライン化の提案
+ Template:ネタバレ を不可視化する提案
+ メンテナンス系カテゴリを隠しカテゴリ化する提案
+ 新規プロジェクト作成のお知らせ（プロジェクト:声優）
+ウィキメディア・プロジェクト全体のお知らせ
+[隠す]
+目次
+「今週の翻訳」は？
+「年間画像大賞（ピクチャー･オブ･ザ･イヤー）」
+ウィキマニア
+FlaggedRevsを使った査読機能が申請できます
+詳細:ウィキメディア共通
+最新版（英語）:Notifications (meta)
+
+括弧の前にスペースを置かなくても良いようにする提案 [編集][閲覧][履歴]
+
+括弧の前にスペースを置かなくても良いようにする提案が利用者:Yessong氏によってbugzilla[]であがっています。日本語版にも関係する提案ですのでご参考ください。--hyolee/H.L.LEE 年月日 (火) : (UTC)
+いわゆる「パイプの裏技」機能の拡張で、既にウィキペディア内でも使用可能になっています。実際に使用するには曖昧さ回避や記事名の付け方での議論が必要になります。--Frozen-mikan 年月日 (水) : (UTC)
+申し訳ありません。上記「パイプの裏技」の機能拡張については以前から可能でした（恐らく rev:）。今回は曖昧さ回避の括弧の前に空白があってもなくても良いようになる修正でした。rev: にて変更されており、今後ウィキペディアなどに適用される可能性があります。--Frozen-mikan 年月日 (水) : (UTC)
+削除されたページへのリダイレクト・転送先がないリダイレクト [編集][閲覧][履歴]
+
+WT:CSD#削除されたページへのリダイレクトについてにて、削除されたページへのリダイレクトと、それをもう少し一般化して「転送先がない」とした、リダイレクトに対する新しい即時削除基準が提案されています。--青子守歌（会話/履歴） 年月日 (水) : (UTC)
+ノートページにスレッド風スタイルを導入する提案 [編集][閲覧][履歴]
+
+ノートページにスレッド風のスタイルを導入する提案をしました。ベクタースキン限定ですが、見た目が大きく変わり、多くの利用者に関係する修正なのでお知らせします。--Frozen-mikan 年月日 (火) : (UTC)
+新しい利用者グループを設けるかどうかの投票 [編集][閲覧][履歴]
+
+以前お知らせいたしましたWikipedia:井戸端/subj/新しい利用者グループの作成について、実際に各グループを導入するかどうかの投票を実施いたします。内容については投票ページを、これまでの経緯についてはWikipedia:井戸端/subj/新しい利用者グループの作成についてなどをご覧ください。--Marine-Bluetalk✿contribs✿mail 年月日 (金) : (UTC)
+「執筆コンテストの得点付与基準」について取りまとめのお知らせ [編集][閲覧][履歴]
+
+執筆コンテストの得点付与基準について、現在取りまとめを行っております。これまでの議論を良くお読み頂いた上で、広くご意見をお待ち致しております。--御門桜 年月日 (月) : (UTC)
+ウィキペディア・アカデミー＆ブース展示＠OSC名古屋のお知らせ（関西ウィキメディアユーザ会） [編集][閲覧][履歴]
+
+関西ウィキメディアユーザ会 では、月日（土）時 (JST)から開催されるオープンソースカンファレンス Nagoya にて、セミナー及びブース展示をおこないます。
+セミナーでは、第回ウィキペディアアカデミー・関西ウィキメディア勉強会出張版 として、ウィキペディアへの記事の書き方の初歩の解説や、ウィキペディアへの記事の書き方についての質疑応答・意見交換をおこないます。
+また、ブース展示では、ウィキペディアやウィキメディアについて、来場いただいた方に紹介・意見交換をおこないます。アンケートにお答えいただいた方にはウィキペディア/ウィキメディアの缶バッジやシールなどを配布予定です。
+みなさま、お誘い合わせのうえ、ふるってご参加ください。お問い合わせは、関西ウィキメディアユーザ会 まで。--青子守歌（会話/履歴） 年月日 (火) : (UTC)
+月間感謝賞の推薦資格を緩和する提案について [編集][閲覧][履歴]
+
+Wikipedia‐ノート:月間感謝賞#推薦資格の緩和の提案で、月間感謝賞の推薦資格を緩和に関する提案がされています。提案自体は半年ほど前にされており、反対はなかったものの改定が実行されずにいました。--Pastern 年月日 (水) : (UTC)
+ 報告改定を実施しました。--Pastern 年月日 (土) : (UTC)
+Portal:古代ローマの正式リリース [編集][閲覧][履歴]
+
+Portal:古代ローマ基本版が完成しました。正式リリースに向けて何か問題点はないか、ご意見をお願いします。--Sarandora 年月日 (水) : (UTC)
+Template:読み疑問点を作成しました [編集][閲覧][履歴]
+
+読みの分からない漢字表記語を想定してTemplate:読み疑問点を作成しましたことを報告します。--Damena 年月日 (木) : (UTC)
+Template:ネタバレ は一旦全て剥がされることに決定しました [編集][閲覧][履歴]
+
+Wikipedia:お知らせ/過去ログ/年月#Template:ネタバレの廃止提案に関連して、Wikipedia‐ノート:ネタバレ#一度全てのテンプレートを外す提案でネタバレ系テンプレート（Template:ネタバレ、Template:ネタバレ終了、Template:ネタバレ冒頭の種）を一旦全て剥がす提案を行なっておりましたが、反対がありませんでしたので剥がすことが決定しました。具体的な作業日程など詳細は後ほど。--Starchild (LuckyStar Kid) 年月日 (土) : (UTC)
+Wikipeida:不快なコンテンツのガイドライン化の提案 [編集][閲覧][履歴]
+
+Wikipedia:不快なコンテンツを正式にガイドラインとすることを提案しています。ガイドライン化にはコミュニティによる強い賛同が必要とされていますので、賛否にかかわらずご意見いただけると助かります。議論はWikipedia‐ノート:不快なコンテンツ#ガイドライン化の提案（再）にて。--Kurz 年月日 (火) : (UTC)
+ 報告 議論の結果、正式にガイドラインとなりました。--Kurz 年月日 (土) : (UTC)
+Template:ネタバレ を不可視化する提案 [編集][閲覧][履歴]
+
+Wikipedia‐ノート:ネタバレ#テンプレートを不可視化する提案において、 Template:ネタバレ の削除提案に関連して、関連テンプレート（Template:ネタバレ、Template:ネタバレ終了、Template:ネタバレ冒頭）を一旦不可視化する提案を提出しました。多くの記事に影響する提案ですので、お知らせします。--とりっく☆すたぁ(会話/記録) 年月日 (火) : (UTC)/修正--とりっく☆すたぁ(会話/記録) 年月日 (火) : (UTC)
+
+メンテナンス系カテゴリを隠しカテゴリ化する提案 [編集]
+
+Category‐ノート:修正が必要なページにて、メンテナンス系のカテゴリ（Category:修正が必要なページ配下のカテゴリ）を一括して隠しカテゴリにする提案を行いました。現状では多くの記事に表示されているものですので、こちらにお知らせします。--Yukida-R 年月日 (土)

data/test/fixtures/test_languages/norwegian

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+Tidlege heavy metal-band som Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath og Deep Purple trekte til seg store publikum, men fekk ofte dårleg kritikk, noko som ofte har gått igjen i sjangeren opp gjennom åra. På midten av -talet fjerna Judas Priest seg bort frå blues-innverknaden i musikken og var med på å ta sjangeren vidare. Motörhead innførte ei punkrock-kjensle med raskare tempo i musikken. Band i den nye bølgja av britiske heavy metal, som Iron Maiden følgde opp på liknande måte. Mot slutten av tiåret hadde heavy metal-sjangeren vorte populær verda over med tilhengarar som vart kalla «metalheads» eller «headbangarar».
+I -åra vart glam metal populært med band som Mötley Crüe. Undergrunnsmiljøa produserte derimot ein meir ekstrem og aggressiv stil kalla thrash metal som vart populær med band som Metallica, medan andre sjangrar som death metal og black metal hovudsakleg har vorte verande eit undergrunnsfenomen. Sidan midten av -åra har populære stilar som nu metal, som ofte nyttar element av funk og hip hop; og metalcore, som blandar ekstrem metal med hardcore punk, vidareutvikla sjangeren.
+
+Heavy metal vert tradisjonelt kjent att på høge, forvrengde gitarar, tunge rytmar, ein tett bass- og trommelyd, og kraftig vokal. Dei forskjellige undersjangrane legg i ulik grad vekt på, eller utelet, ein av desse eigenskapane. Eit typisk band består av ein trommeslagar, ein bassist, ein rytmegitarist, ein sologitarist og ein vokalist, som ofte spelar eitt av instrumenta. Tangentinstrument vert stundom nytta for å gje eit meir fyldig lydbilete.  Høgt, forvrengd hammondorgel og stundom mellotron var populære hos tidlege metal-band. Desse instrumenta vart i -åra erstatta av elektroniske synthesizerar. I dag vert keyboard mykje brukt i stilar som progressiv metal, power metal og symfonisk metal. Enkelte nu metal-band nyttar element frå hip hop, som scratching og forskjellige lydeffektar.
+Den elektriske gitaren og den kraftige lyden denne produserer gjennom forsterkarane har alltid vore eit viktig element i heavy metal. Gitarane er ofte spelt gjennom ein distortionpedal og forvrengde røyrforsterkararar for å skape ein tjukk, kraftig og «tung» lyd. Tidleg i -åra starta enkelte populære metalband å nytte to sologitaristar. Band som Judas Priest og Iron Maiden følgde dette mønsteret med to eller tre gitaristar som byta på rolla som solo- og rytmegitaristar. Eit sentralt element i mykje heavy metal er gitarsolo, ein form for kadens. Etter kvart som sjangeren vart utvikla vart intrikate soloar og riff ein stadig viktigare del av sjangeren.
+Den viktige rolla gitaren spelar i heavy metal har stundom kollidert med den tradisjonelle «frontmannen» eller bandleiarrolla til vokalisten og stundom ført til indre stridar i desse banda. I heavy metal er vokalen ofte underordna det totale lydbilete til bandet. Som ei gjenspegling av metal-sjangeren sine røter i motkulturen på -talet, vert ei «tydeleg kjenslemessig uttrykk» i vokalen sett på som eit teikn på autentisitet. Musikkritikar Simon Frith har hevda at tonen i stemma til vokalisten i eit metalband er viktigare enn teksten.  Metal-vokalen varierer mykje, frå den multioktave, teatralske vokalen til Rob Halford frå Judas Priest og Bruce Dickinson frå Iron Maiden, til den ru stilen til Lemmy i Motörhead og James Hetfield i Metallica, til den meir skrikande og brølande stilen til Tomas Lindberg frå At the Gates og den gurglande, besatte stilen til black metal-vokalistar som Dead frå Mayhem.
+Den markante bassen er òg viktig for lydbiletet i heavy metal, og samspelet mellom bass og gitar er eit viktig element. Bassgitaren utgjer den låge enden av lydbilete og er særs viktig for å gjere musikken «tung». Basslinjene i metal er ofte varierte og kan variere frå å halde eit lågt orgelpunkt til å doble gitaren på kompliserte riff. Enkelte band nyttar til og med bassen som eit soloinstrument, ein stil som vart populær med Cliff Burton frå Metallica tidleg i -åra. Metal-bassistar nyttar ofte plekter for å få ein sterkare og klårare lyd. I enkelte sjangrar som thrash og death metal kan bassen òg vere forvrengd for å få ein tjukkare og tyngre lyd. Nu metal- og enkelte death metal-bassistar nyttar ofte bassar med fem og seks strengar for å komme djupare enn vanlege bassar med fire strengar.
+Trommene skal som regel vere høge med ein drivande rytme i heavy metal Metal-trommisar må ofte vere uthaldande og mange har utvikla eit særs høgt tempo, stor koordinasjon og dugleik for å kunne spele intrikate rytmemønster. Ein trommeteknikk som vart utvikla i heavy metal er ein såkalla «cymbal choke», der cymbalen vert stoppa med handa like etter at han har vorte slått. Trommesetta i metal er ofte større enn i andre former for rock. I tillegg til standard tamtamar, basstrommer, skarptromme, hi-hat og cymbalar, som vert nytta i dei fleste rockeband, er det ofte doble basstrommer, fleire tamtamar og cymbalar i heavy metal.
+Under konsertar vert lydstyrken rekna som særs viktig. På liknande måte som melodi er det viktigaste i pop og rytme er det viktigaste i house, er kraftig lyd, klang og lydstyrke det viktigaste i metal. Denne fikseringa på lydstyrke i heavy metal vart gjort narr av i filmen This Is Spinal Tap, der gitaristen hevdar å ha modifisert forsterkarane sine slik at dei går «opp til elleve».
+
+Tema som ofte går igjen i tekstane i heavy metal er sex, vald og det okkulte. Dei seksuelle temaa i mange heavy metal-songar, som dei antydande tekstane til Led Zeppelin til meir eksplisitte referansar hos nyare nu metal-band, kjem frå sjangeren sine røter i blues og det seksuelle innhaldet i mange av bluestekstane. Sidan -åra og thrash metal kom på banen, har mange metal-songar inkludert samfunnspolitiske kommentarar. Romantisk tragedie er eit mykje nytta tema i gotisk og doom metal, samt nu metal, der tenåringsangst er eit anna sentralt tema. Sjangrar som melodisk death metal, progressiv metal, og black metal utforskar ofte filosofiske tema, medan meir ekstreme former for death metal og grindcore har heilt aggressivt, blodig og ofte uforståeleg innhald.
+Heavy metal-songar har ofte underlege, fantasi-inspirerte tekstar. Iron Maiden sine songar var til dømes ofte inspirert av mytologi, fiksjon og dikt som «Rime of the Ancient Mariner», basert på Samuel Taylor Coleridge sitt dikt med same namn. Andre døme er Black Sabbath sin «The Wizard», Megadeth sine «The Conjuring» og «Five Magics» og Judas Priest sin «Dreamer Deceiver». Andre artistar baserte tekstane sine på krig, atomkrig, miljøvern, politikk og samfunn eller religion. Døme på dette er «War Pigs» av Black Sabbath, «Killer of Giants» av Ozzy Osbourne og «...And Justice for All» av Metallica, « Minutes to Midnight» av Iron Maiden, «Balls to the Wall» av Accept og «Peace Sells» av Megadeth. Død er eit tema som går mykje igjen i heavy metal og går ofte igjen i tekstane til band som Black Sabbath, Slayer og W.A.S.P.
+Det tematiske innhaldet i heavy metal har ofte vorte kritisert. Musikkritikarar har ofte kalla tekstane i metal barnslege og banale, medan andre har kritisert det dei meiner er forsvar av kvinnehat og det okkulte.
+I -åra prøvde Parents Music Resource Center å få den amerikanske kongressen til å regulere musikkindustrien på grunn av det gruppa såg på som støtande tekstar, særleg i heavy metal-songar. I  vart Judas Priest saksøkt av foreldra til to unge menn som hadde skote seg sjølv fem år tidlegare etter å visstnok ha høyrt ei underbevisst melding som sa «do it» («gjer det») i ein Priest-song. Saka fekk mykje mediaomtale, men vart til slutt avvist.

data/test/fixtures/test_languages/spanish

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+Pablo Ruiz Picasso (n. Málaga, España;  de octubre de  - f. Mougins, Francia;  de abril de ), conocido como Pablo Picasso, fue un pintor y escultor español, creador, junto con Georges Braque y Juan Gris, del movimiento cubista.
+Considerado uno de los mayores artistas del siglo XX, participó desde la génesis en muchos movimientos artísticos que se propagaron por el mundo y ejercieron una gran influencia en otros grandes artistas de su tiempo. Incansable y prolífico, pintó más de dos mil obras actualmente presentes en museos y colecciones de toda Europa y del mundo. Además, abordó otros géneros como el dibujo, el grabado, la ilustración de libros, la escultura, la cerámica y el diseño de escenografía y vestuario para montajes teatrales.
+En lo político, Picasso se declaraba pacifista y comunista. Fue miembro del Partido Comunista Francés hasta su muerte, el  de abril de  en Notre-Dame-de-Vie (Mougins, Francia) a los  años. Está enterrado en el parque del castillo de Vauvenargues (Bouches-du-Rhone).
+
+«Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Ruiz Picasso» (según su certificado de nacimiento) o «Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Crispiniano de la Santísima Trinidad Ruiz Picasso» (según su partida de bautismo),  fue el primer hijo de José Ruiz Blasco y María Picasso López. Nació el  de octubre de  en Málaga, España, en el seno de una familia pequeñoburguesa. Picasso tuvo dos hermanas, Dolores (-) y Concepción (-). De su padre se sabe que quiso ser pintor y fue profesor de dibujo en la escuela de Málaga llamada San Telmo. De la madre se conoce poco; al parecer era de una personalidad más fuerte que la de su marido, y Picasso tuvo siempre hacia ella mayor respeto y ternura, lo que algunos creen ver en el retrato que le dibujó en .
+Picasso empezó a pintar desde edad temprana. En , a los ocho años, tras una corrida de toros y bajo la dirección de su padre pintó El pequeño picador, su primera pintura al óleo,  de la que siempre se negó a separarse. En , la familia abandonó Málaga, cuando el padre fue nombrado profesor en el Instituto de La Coruña. Allí, Pablo trabajó en sus dibujos y mostró una fuerte confianza en sí y en sus dotes; tenía diez años. Sus primeros trabajos, de un realismo vigoroso y casi feroz, mostraban una temprana predilección por los personajes populares.
+El de  fue un año de sucesos importantes en su infancia; en enero, falleció su hermana Concepción, y en septiembre su padre obtuvo una cátedra en la Lonja, Escuela de Artes y Oficios de Barcelona, donde el joven Pablo fue admitido como alumno y cursó estudios durante dos años, lo que le condujo a pintar, quizás por complacer a su padre, una serie de cuadros en los que el academicismo sentimental del estilo sorprendía tras la vitalidad de los retratos que había realizado en La Coruña.
+Estudiante brillante y precoz, Picasso superó en un solo día, a la edad de catorce años, el examen de ingreso en la Escuela de Bellas Artes de Barcelona, y se le permitió saltarse las dos primeras clases. De acuerdo con una de las muchas leyendas sobre el artista, su padre, tras reconocer el extraordinario talento de su hijo al contemplar sus primeros trabajos infantiles, le entregó sus pinceles y su paleta y prometió no volver a pintar en su vida.
+A diferencia de la música, no hay niños prodigios en la pintura. Lo que la gente percibe como genio prematuro es el genio de la infancia. No desaparece gradualmente a medida que envejece. Es posible que ese niño se convierta en un verdadero pintor un día, quizás incluso un gran pintor. Pero tendría que empezar desde el principio. Por lo tanto, por lo que a mí respecta, yo no era un genio. Mis primeros dibujos nunca se han mostrado en una exposición de dibujos infantiles. Me faltaba la torpeza de un niño, su ingenuidad. He hecho dibujos académicos a la edad de siete años, con una precisión de la que me asusto.
+
+Durante el invierno de  realizó su primer gran lienzo académico, La primera comunión (Museo Picasso, Barcelona), en Barcelona, ciudad en la que residió unos nueve años, salvo algunas vacaciones de verano y estancias más o menos largas en Madrid y París. En  presentó el lienzo Ciencia y caridad (Museo Picasso, Barcelona) en la Exposición General de Bellas Artes de Madrid. Durante el verano pasó, una vez más, sus vacaciones en Málaga, donde pintó paisajes y corridas de toros.
+
+
+Entrada al café Els Quatre Gats.
+En septiembre, marchó a Madrid para iniciar estudios en la Academia de San Fernando, pero pronto abandonó la Academia: la atmósfera intelectual de la capital, impermeable al modernismo catalán que Picasso intentaba introducir (fundó una pequeña revista en , Arte Joven, que tuvo una existencia bastante breve) no le convencía. No obstante, aprovechó sus frecuentes visitas al Museo del Prado para conocer mejor la obra de El Greco, que era vindicada por artistas y estudiosos de finales del siglo XIX.
+Desde  firmó sus obras como «Pablo Ruiz Picasso», luego como «Pablo R. Picasso», y sólo como «Picasso» desde . El cambio no parece implicar un rechazo de la figura paterna; antes bien obedecía al deseo de Picasso de distinguirse como personaje, iniciado por sus amigos catalanes, que tomaron la costumbre de llamarlo por el apellido materno, mucho menos corriente que el Ruiz paterno.
+
+
+Un captaire a París, , de Isidre Nonell.
+Volvió a Barcelona en junio de , enfermo de escarlatina y se trasladó a Horta de Ebro (actual Horta de San Juan), el pueblo de su amigo Manuel Pallarés, situado al sur del Ebro cerca de la ciudad de Gandesa (Terra Alta, Tarragona). En esta estancia, Picasso se reencontró con las raíces primordiales del país y con un cierto retorno a la naturaleza, más en consonancia con el ideario modernista, lo que constituyó uno de los primeros episodios «primitivistas» de su carrera.
+Abandonado el propósito de vivir en Madrid para dedicarse a copiar a los grandes maestros, en febrero de  estaba de vuelta en Barcelona, donde comenzó a frecuentar la cervecería Els Quatre Gats, insignia de la bohemia modernista y lugar en el que realizó su primera exposición individual e hizo amistad con Jaime Sabartés y Carlos Casagemas. En este ambiente Picasso entró en contacto con el pensamiento anarquista, implantado en Barcelona. La miseria reinante en los barrios bajos de Barcelona, los soldados enfermos y heridos que volvían a España tras la desastrosa Guerra de Cuba, crearon sun caldo de cultivo de violencia social que sin duda marcó, a un nivel individual y moral más que puramente político, la sensibilidad de Picasso, y que pueden ser apreciados en ciertos dibujos realizados entre  y : El prisionero, Un miting anarquista. 
+En octubre de  visitó París con Casagemas para asistir a la Exposición Universal, donde se exhibía una obra suya, Últimos momentos, actualmente desaparecida. En París se instaló en el estudio de Isidre Nonell, artista catalán que Picasso conocía del grupo Els Quatre Gats influenciado por el impresionismo y que reflejaba la situación social catalana de principios de siglo mediante retratos de personajes marginados y miserables. La obra de Nonell, junto a la de Toulouse-Lautrec, influyeron en gran medida en el estilo de Picasso de esta época, lo que puede apreciarse en obras como La espera (Margot), Bailarina enana y El final del número, ambas de .  También conoció al que sería su primer marchante, Pere Mañach (quien le ofreció  francos mensuales por toda su obra de un año) y entró en contacto con la galerista Berthe Weill. Regresó a Barcelona el  o  de diciembre (según distintas fuentes) con Casagemas, al que Picasso llevó consigo a celebrar el fin de año en Málaga.

data/test/generator_test.rb

@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@ class GeneratorTest < Test::Unit::TestCase
     should "create .lm files in bulk" do
       @sg.train
       languages = Scylla::Loader.languages
-      assert_equal 8, languages.size
       i = 0
       File.readlines(@englm).each do |line|
         break if i > 400

data/test/language_test.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+require 'test/helper'
+
+class LanguageTest < Test::Unit::TestCase
+  context "language detection" do
+    setup do
+      @sentences = Hash.new
+      Dir.glob(File.join("test","fixtures","test_languages","*")).each do |language_path|
+        language = language_path.split("/").last
+        @sentences[language] = ""
+        file = File.new(language_path, "r")
+        while (line = file.gets)
+         @sentences[language] += line
+        end
+        @sentences[language] = @sentences[language].split("\n")
+      end
+    end
+
+    should "choose the correct language for strings" do
+      @sentences.each_key do |key|
+        @sentences[key].each do |sentence|
+          next if sentence.size < 50
+          p sentence if key != sentence.language
+          assert_equal key, sentence.language
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

metadata

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 --- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification 
 name: scylla
 version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version 
-  hash: 9
+  hash: 11
   prerelease: 
   segments: 
   - 0
-  - 4
-  - 3
-  version: 0.4.3
+  - 5
+  - 0
+  version: 0.5.0
 platform: ruby
 authors: 
 - Ashwin Hegde
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ autorequire:
 bindir: bin
 cert_chain: []
 
-date: 2011-09-12 00:00:00 -07:00
+date: 2011-09-21 00:00:00 -07:00
 default_executable: scylla
 dependencies: 
 - !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency 
@@ -79,49 +79,31 @@ files:
 - lib/scylla/lms/chinese.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/danish.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/english.lm
-- lib/scylla/lms/esperanto.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/finnish.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/french.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/german.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/greek.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/hebrew.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/hindi.lm
-- lib/scylla/lms/hungarian.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/icelandic.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/indonesian.lm
-- lib/scylla/lms/irish.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/italian.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/japanese.lm
-- lib/scylla/lms/kannada.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/korean.lm
-- lib/scylla/lms/latin.lm
-- lib/scylla/lms/malay.lm
-- lib/scylla/lms/marathi.lm
-- lib/scylla/lms/mingo.lm
-- lib/scylla/lms/nepali.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/norwegian.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/polish.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/portuguese.lm
-- lib/scylla/lms/quechua.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/romanian.lm
-- lib/scylla/lms/rumantsch.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/russian.lm
-- lib/scylla/lms/sanskrit.lm
-- lib/scylla/lms/scots_gaelic.lm
-- lib/scylla/lms/serbian.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/slovak.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/slovenian.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/spanish.lm
-- lib/scylla/lms/swahili.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/swedish.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/tagalog.lm
-- lib/scylla/lms/tamil.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/thai.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/turkish.lm
-- lib/scylla/lms/ukrainian.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/vietnamese.lm
 - lib/scylla/lms/welsh.lm
-- lib/scylla/lms/yiddish.lm
 - lib/scylla/loader.rb
 - lib/scylla/resources.rb
 - lib/scylla/string.rb
@@ -136,68 +118,63 @@ files:
 - source_texts/chinese.txt
 - source_texts/danish.txt
 - source_texts/english.txt
-- source_texts/esperanto.txt
 - source_texts/finnish.txt
 - source_texts/french.txt
 - source_texts/german.txt
 - source_texts/greek.txt
 - source_texts/hebrew.txt
 - source_texts/hindi.txt
-- source_texts/hungarian.txt
 - source_texts/icelandic.txt
 - source_texts/indonesian.txt
-- source_texts/irish.txt
 - source_texts/italian.txt
 - source_texts/japanese.txt
-- source_texts/kannada.txt
 - source_texts/korean.txt
-- source_texts/latin.txt
-- source_texts/malay.txt
-- source_texts/marathi.txt
-- source_texts/mingo.txt
-- source_texts/nepali.txt
 - source_texts/norwegian.txt
 - source_texts/polish.txt
 - source_texts/portuguese.txt
-- source_texts/quechua.txt
 - source_texts/romanian.txt
-- source_texts/rumantsch.txt
 - source_texts/russian.txt
-- source_texts/sanskrit.txt
-- source_texts/scots_gaelic.txt
-- source_texts/serbian.txt
 - source_texts/slovak.txt
 - source_texts/slovenian.txt
 - source_texts/spanish.txt
-- source_texts/swahili.txt
 - source_texts/swedish.txt
 - source_texts/tagalog.txt
-- source_texts/tamil.txt
 - source_texts/thai.txt
 - source_texts/turkish.txt
-- source_texts/ukrainian.txt
 - source_texts/vietnamese.txt
 - source_texts/welsh.txt
-- source_texts/yiddish-utf.txt
 - test/classifier_test.rb
 - test/fixtures/lms/13375p33k.lm
 - test/fixtures/lms/danish.lm
 - test/fixtures/lms/english.lm
 - test/fixtures/lms/french.lm
 - test/fixtures/lms/german.lm
+- test/fixtures/lms/hindi.lm
+- test/fixtures/lms/italian.lm
 - test/fixtures/lms/japanese.lm
-- test/fixtures/lms/kannada.lm
+- test/fixtures/lms/norwegian.lm
 - test/fixtures/lms/spanish.lm
 - test/fixtures/source_texts/13375P33K.txt
 - test/fixtures/source_texts/danish.txt
 - test/fixtures/source_texts/english.txt
 - test/fixtures/source_texts/french.txt
 - test/fixtures/source_texts/german.txt
+- test/fixtures/source_texts/hindi.txt
+- test/fixtures/source_texts/italian.txt
 - test/fixtures/source_texts/japanese.txt
-- test/fixtures/source_texts/kannada.txt
+- test/fixtures/source_texts/norwegian.txt
 - test/fixtures/source_texts/spanish.txt
+- test/fixtures/test_languages/english
+- test/fixtures/test_languages/french
+- test/fixtures/test_languages/german
+- test/fixtures/test_languages/hindi
+- test/fixtures/test_languages/italian
+- test/fixtures/test_languages/japanese
+- test/fixtures/test_languages/norwegian
+- test/fixtures/test_languages/spanish
 - test/generator_test.rb
 - test/helper.rb
+- test/language_test.rb
 - test/loader_test.rb
 - test/scylla_test.rb
 has_rdoc: true