openstudio-standards 0.8.2 → 0.8.4

data/lib/openstudio-standards/btap/costing/heating_cooling_costing.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,2584 @@
+class BTAPCosting
+
+  # --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  # This function gets all costs associated with boilers (i.e., boilers, pumps, flues, electrical
+  # lines and boxes, fuel lines and distribution piping to zonal heating units)
+  # --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  def boiler_costing(model, prototype_creator)
+
+    #Global flag to determine if a GSHP is present
+    @gshp_flag = false
+
+    #Global flag to determine if a AWHP is present
+    @awhp_flag = false
+
+    totalCost = 0.0
+
+    # Get regional cost factors for this province and city
+    materials_hvac = @costing_database["raw"]["materials_hvac"]
+    hvac_material = materials_hvac.select {|data|
+      data['Material'].to_s == "GasBoilers"}.first  # Get any row from spreadsheet in case of region error
+    regional_material, regional_installation =
+        get_regional_cost_factors(@costing_report['province_state'], @costing_report['city'], hvac_material)
+
+    # Get regional electric cost factors for this province and city
+    hvac_material = materials_hvac.select {|data|
+      data['Material'].to_s.upcase == "BOX" && data['Size'].to_i == 1}.first
+    reg_mat_elec, reg_lab_elec =
+      get_regional_cost_factors(@costing_report['province_state'], @costing_report['city'], hvac_material)
+
+    # Store some geometry data for use below...
+    util_dist, ht_roof, nom_flr_hght, horz_dist, numAGFlrs, mechRmInBsmt = getGeometryData(model, prototype_creator)
+
+    template_type = prototype_creator.template
+
+    plant_loop_info = {}
+    plant_loop_info[:boilers] = []
+    plant_loop_info[:boilerpumps] = []
+
+    # Iterate through the plant loops to get boiler & pump data...
+    model.getPlantLoops.each do |plant_loop|
+      next unless (plant_loop.name.get.to_s.downcase == "hot water loop") || (plant_loop.name.get.to_s.downcase == "hw plantloop")
+      plant_loop.supplyComponents.each do |supply_comp|
+        if supply_comp.to_BoilerHotWater.is_initialized
+          boiler = supply_comp.to_BoilerHotWater.get
+          boiler_info = {}
+          plant_loop_info[:boilers] << boiler_info
+          boiler_info[:name] = boiler.name.get
+          # 2020-09-01 CK Include efficiency for boiler upgrade costing
+          boiler_info[:efficiency] = boiler.nominalThermalEfficiency.to_f
+          if boiler.fuelType =~ /Electric/i
+            boiler_info[:fueltype] = 'ElecBoilers'
+          elsif boiler.fuelType =~ /NaturalGas/i
+            boiler_info[:fueltype] = 'GasBoilers'
+            #2020-09-01 CK Include modifications for condensing and pulse gas boilers
+            if boiler_info[:efficiency] >= 0.827 && boiler_info[:efficiency] < 0.9
+              boiler_info[:fueltype] = "CondensingBoilers"
+            elsif boiler_info[:efficiency] >= 0.9
+              boiler_info[:fueltype] = "PulseBoilers"
+            end
+          elsif boiler.fuelType =~ /Oil/i       # Oil, FuelOil, FuelOil#2
+            boiler_info[:fueltype] = 'OilBoilers'
+          end
+          boiler_info[:nominal_capacity] = boiler.nominalCapacity.to_f / 1000 # kW
+        elsif supply_comp.to_PumpConstantSpeed.is_initialized
+          csPump = supply_comp.to_PumpConstantSpeed.get
+          csPump_info = {}
+          plant_loop_info[:boilerpumps] << csPump_info
+          csPump_info[:name] = csPump.name.get
+          if csPump.isRatedPowerConsumptionAutosized.to_bool
+            csPumpSize = csPump.autosizedRatedPowerConsumption.to_f
+          else
+            csPumpSize = csPump.ratedPowerConsumption.to_f
+          end
+          csPump_info[:size] = csPumpSize.to_f # Watts
+          if csPump.isRatedFlowRateAutosized.to_bool
+            csPump_info[:water_flow_m3_per_s] = csPump.autosizedRatedFlowRate.to_f
+          else
+            csPump_info[:water_flow_m3_per_s] = csPump.ratedFlowRate.to_f
+          end
+        elsif supply_comp.to_PumpVariableSpeed.is_initialized
+          vsPump = supply_comp.to_PumpVariableSpeed.get
+          vsPump_info = {}
+          plant_loop_info[:boilerpumps] << vsPump_info
+          vsPump_info[:name] = vsPump.name.get
+          if vsPump.isRatedPowerConsumptionAutosized.to_bool
+            vsPumpSize = vsPump.autosizedRatedPowerConsumption.to_f
+          else
+            vsPumpSize = vsPump.ratedPowerConsumption.to_f
+          end
+          vsPump_info[:size] = vsPumpSize.to_f # Watts
+          if vsPump.isRatedFlowRateAutosized.to_bool
+            vsPump_info[:water_flow_m3_per_s] = vsPump.autosizedRatedFlowRate.to_f
+          else
+            vsPump_info[:water_flow_m3_per_s] = vsPump.ratedFlowRate.to_f
+          end
+        elsif supply_comp.to_HeatPumpWaterToWaterEquationFitHeating.is_initialized
+          gshp = supply_comp.to_HeatPumpWaterToWaterEquationFitHeating.get
+          gshp_info = {}
+          gshp_info[:fueltype] = 'wshp'
+          gshp_info[:name] = gshp.name.to_s
+          if gshp.isRatedHeatingCapacityAutosized.to_bool
+            gshp_info[:nominal_capacity] = gshp.autosizedRatedHeatingCapacity.to_f/1000.0
+          else
+            gshp_info[:nominal_capacity] = gshp.ratedHeatingCapacity.to_f/1000.0
+          end
+          plant_loop_info[:boilers] << gshp_info
+          @gshp_flag = true
+        elsif supply_comp.to_HeatPumpPlantLoopEIRHeating.is_initialized
+          awhp = supply_comp.to_HeatPumpPlantLoopEIRHeating.get
+          awhp_info = {}
+          awhp_info[:fueltype] = 'Airtowaterhp'
+          awhp_info[:name] = awhp.name.to_s
+          if awhp.isReferenceCapacityAutosized.to_bool
+            awhp_info[:nominal_capacity] = awhp.autosizedReferenceCapacity.to_f/1000.0
+          else
+            awhp_info[:nominal_capacity] = awhp.referenceCapacity.to_f/1000.0
+          end
+          plant_loop_info[:boilers] << awhp_info
+          @awhp_flag = true
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    boilerCost = 0.0 ; thisBoilerCost = 0.0 ; flueCost = 0.0 ; utilCost = 0.0 ; fuelFittingCost = 0.0
+    numBoilers = 0 ; multiplier = 1.0 ; primaryFuel = ''; primaryCap = 0 ; backupBoiler = false
+
+    # Get costs associated with each boiler
+    plant_loop_info[:boilers].each do |boiler|
+
+      # Get primary/secondary/backup boiler cost based on fuel type and capacity for each boiler
+      # 06-Sep-2019 JTB: Added check for no 'Primary' or 'Secondary' label and assume primary.
+      #    This boiler prefix name seemed to disappear after the heat pump work was committed.
+      numBoilers += 1
+      if boiler[:name] =~ /primary/i || (boiler[:name] !~ /primary/i && boiler[:name] !~ /secondary/ && numBoilers == 1) || (boiler[:fuel_type] == 'wshp') || (boiler[:fuel_type] == 'Airtowaterhp')
+        primaryFuel = boiler[:fueltype]
+        primaryCap = boiler[:nominal_capacity]
+        matCost, labCost = getHVACCost(boiler[:name], boiler[:fueltype], boiler[:nominal_capacity], false)
+
+        # 2020-09-02 CK: Assume condensing oil boilers cost twice as much as non-condensing oil boilers
+        if boiler[:fueltype] == 'OilBoilers' && boiler[:efficiency] >= 0.9
+          thisBoilerCost = matCost * 2 * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+        else
+          thisBoilerCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+        end
+
+        # Flue and utility component costs (for gas and oil boilers only)
+        # 2020-09-02 CK:  Include pulse and condensing gas boilers to those with utility component costs
+        if boiler[:fueltype] == 'GasBoilers' || boiler[:fueltype] == 'OilBoilers' || boiler[:fueltype] == 'CondensingBoilers' || boiler[:fueltype] == 'PulseBoilers'
+          # Calculate flue costs once for all boilers since flues combined by header when multiple boilers
+          # 6 inch diameter flue (#384)
+          materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'Venting', size: '6')
+          matCost, labCost = getCost('flue', materialHash, multiplier)
+          flueVentCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+
+          #6 inch elbow fitting (#386)
+          materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'VentingElbow', size: '6')
+          matCost, labCost = getCost('flue elbow', materialHash, multiplier)
+          flueElbowCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+
+          # 6 inch top (#392)
+          materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'VentingTop', size: '6')
+          matCost, labCost = getCost('flue top', materialHash, multiplier)
+          flueTopCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+
+          # Gas/Oil line piping cost per ft (#1)
+          materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'GasLine', unit: 'L.F.')
+          matCost, labCost = getCost('fuel line', materialHash, multiplier)
+          fuelLineCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+
+          # Gas/Oil line fitting connection per boiler (#2)
+          materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'GasLine', unit: 'each')
+          matCost, labCost = getCost('fuel line fitting connection', materialHash, multiplier)
+          fuelFittingCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+
+          # Header cost only non-zero if there is a secondary/backup gas/oil boiler
+          headerCost = 0.0
+        else  # Electric has no flue
+          flueVentCost = 0.0 ; flueElbowCost = 0.0 ; flueTopCost = 0.0 ; headerCost = 0.0
+        end
+
+        # Electric utility cost components (i.e., power lines).
+        # Calculate utility cost for primary boiler only since multiple boilers use common utilities
+
+        # elec 600V #14 wire /100 ft (#848)
+        materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'Wiring', size: 14)
+        matCost, labCost = getCost('electrical wire - 600V #14', materialHash, multiplier)
+        elecWireCost = matCost * reg_mat_elec / 100.0 + labCost * reg_lab_elec / 100.0
+
+        # 1 inch metal conduit (#851)
+        materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'Conduit', unit: 'L.F.')
+        matCost, labCost = getCost('1 inch metal conduit', materialHash, multiplier)
+        metalConduitCost = matCost * reg_mat_elec / 100.0 + labCost * reg_lab_elec / 100.0
+
+        # 2020-09-02 CK Adding Condensing and Pulse boilers to those that need additional connections
+        if boiler[:fueltype] == 'GasBoilers' || boiler[:fueltype] == 'CondensingBoilers' || boiler[:fueltype] == 'PulseBoilers'
+          # Gas boilers require fuel line+valves+connectors and electrical conduit
+          utilCost += (fuelLineCost + metalConduitCost) * util_dist + fuelFittingCost +
+              elecWireCost * util_dist / 100
+
+        elsif boiler[:fueltype] == 'OilBoilers'
+          # Oil boilers require fuel line+valves+connectors and electrical conduit
+
+          # Oil filtering system (#4)
+          materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'OilLine', unit: 'each')
+          matCost, labCost = getCost('Oil filtering system', materialHash, multiplier)
+          oilFilterCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+
+          # 2000 USG above ground tank (#5)
+          materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'OilTanks', size: 2000)
+          matCost, labCost = getCost('Oil tank (2000 USG)', materialHash, multiplier)
+          oilTankCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+
+          utilCost += (fuelLineCost + metalConduitCost) * util_dist + fuelFittingCost +
+              elecWireCost * util_dist / 100 + oilFilterCost + oilTankCost
+
+        elsif boiler[:fueltype].to_s.downcase == 'elecboilers' || boiler[:fueltype].to_s.downcase == 'wshp'
+          # Electric boilers require only conduit
+          utilCost += metalConduitCost * util_dist + elecWireCost * util_dist / 100
+        elsif boiler[:fuel_type].to_s.downcase == 'airtowaterhp'
+          # Add heating buffer tank for awhp
+          materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'solartank', size: 450)
+          matCost, labCost = getCost('solartank', materialHash, multiplier)
+          utilCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+        end
+
+      elsif boiler[:name] =~ /secondary/i || numBoilers > 1
+        if boiler[:nominal_capacity] > 0.1
+          # A secondary boiler exists so use it for costing
+          matCost, labCost = getHVACCost(boiler[:name], boiler[:fueltype], boiler[:nominal_capacity], false)
+          # 2020-09-02 CK: Assume condensing oil boilers cost twice as much as non-condensing oil boilers
+          if boiler[:fueltype] == 'OilBoilers' && boiler[:efficiency] >= 0.9
+            thisBoilerCost = matCost * 2 * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+          else
+            thisBoilerCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+          end
+        else
+          # Use existing value of thisBoilerCost to represent a backup boiler!
+          # This just doubles the cost of the primary boiler.
+          # 2023-04-25:  Leaving backup boiler in energy model but no longer costing.
+          backupBoiler = false
+          thisBoilerCost = 0.0
+          numBoilers -= 1
+        end
+
+        # Flue costs set to zero if secondary boiler since already calculated in primary
+        flueVentCost = 0.0; flueElbowCost = 0.0; flueTopCost = 0.0
+
+        # Check if need a flue header (i.e., there are both primary and secondary/backup boilers)
+        if thisBoilerCost > 0.0 && ( (backupBoiler && primaryFuel != 'ElecBoilers') || (boiler[:fueltype] != 'ElecBoilers') || (boiler[:fueltype] != 'wshp') || (boiler[:fueltype] != 'Airtowaterhp'))
+          # 6 inch diameter header (#384)
+          materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'Venting', size: 6)
+          matCost, labCost = getCost('flue header', materialHash, multiplier)
+          headerVentCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+
+          #6 inch elbow fitting for header (#386)
+          materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'VentingElbow', size: 6)
+          matCost, labCost = getCost('flue header elbow', materialHash, multiplier)
+          headerElbowCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+
+          # Assume a header length of 20 ft and an elbow fitting for each boiler connected to the header
+          headerCost = (headerVentCost * 20  + headerElbowCost) * numBoilers
+        else
+          headerCost = 0.0
+        end
+      end
+      boilerCost += thisBoilerCost
+      flueCost += flueVentCost * ht_roof + flueElbowCost + flueTopCost + headerCost
+      if numBoilers > 1
+        # Adjust utility cost for extra fuel line fitting cost
+        utilCost += fuelFittingCost * (numBoilers - 1)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Boiler pump costs
+    pumpCost = 0.0; pipingToPumpCost = 0.0; numPumps = 0; pumpName = ''; pumpSize = 0.0 ; pumpFlow = 0.0
+    plant_loop_info[:boilerpumps].each do |pump|
+      numPumps += 1
+      # Cost variable and constant volume pumps the same (the difference is in extra cost for VFD controller)
+      pumpSize = pump[:size]; pumpName = pump[:name]
+      pumpFlow += pump[:water_flow_m3_per_s].to_f
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost(pumpName, 'Pumps', pumpSize, false)
+      pumpCost += matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+      if pump[:name] =~ /variable/i
+        # Cost the VFD controller for the variable pump
+        matCost, labCost = getHVACCost(pumpName, 'VFD', pumpSize, false)
+        pumpCost += matCost * reg_mat_elec / 100.0 + labCost * reg_lab_elec / 100.0
+      end
+    end
+    if numBoilers > 1 && numPumps < 2
+      # Add pump costing for the backup boiler pump.
+      pumpCost *= 2.0
+      numPumps = 2  # reset the number of pumps for piping costs below
+    end
+    # Double the pump costs to accomodate the costing of a backup pumps for each boiler!
+    # No longer costing backup pumps.
+    # pumpCost *= 2.0
+
+    # Boiler water piping to pumps cost: Add piping elbows, valves and insulation from the boiler(s)
+    # to the pumps(s) assuming a pipe diameter of 1” and a distance of 10 ft per pump
+
+    if numBoilers > 0
+      # 1 inch Steel pipe
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('1 inch steel pipe', 'SteelPipe', 1)
+      pipingToPumpCost += 10.0 * numPumps * (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+
+      # 1 inch Steel pipe insulation
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('1 inch pipe insulation', 'PipeInsulation', 1)
+      pipingToPumpCost += 10.0 * numPumps * (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+
+      # 1 inch Steel pipe elbow
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('1 inch steel pipe elbow', 'SteelPipeElbow', 1)
+      pipingToPumpCost += 2.0 * numPumps * (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+
+      # 1 inch gate valves
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('1 inch gate valves', 'ValvesGate', 1)
+      pipingToPumpCost += 1.0 * numPumps * (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+    end
+
+    if numBoilers > 0
+      # Double pump piping cost to account for second boiler
+      pipingToPumpCost *= numBoilers
+
+      hdrDistributionCost = getHeaderPipingDistributionCost(numAGFlrs, mechRmInBsmt, regional_material, regional_installation, reg_mat_elec, reg_lab_elec,
+                                                            pumpFlow, horz_dist, nom_flr_hght)
+    else
+      pipingToPumpCost = 0
+      hdrDistributionCost = 0
+    end
+
+    totalCost = boilerCost + flueCost + utilCost + pumpCost + pipingToPumpCost + hdrDistributionCost
+
+        @costing_report['heating_and_cooling']['plant_equipment']  << {
+        'type' => 'boilers',
+        'nom_flr2flr_hght_ft' => nom_flr_hght.round(1),
+        'ht_roof_ft' => ht_roof.round(1),
+        'longest_distance_to_ext_ft' => horz_dist.round(1),
+        'wiring_and_gas_connections_distance_ft' => util_dist.round(1),
+        'equipment_cost' => boilerCost.round(0),
+        'flue_cost' => flueCost.round(0),
+        'wiring_and_gas_connections_cost' => utilCost.round(0),
+        'pump_cost' => pumpCost.round(0),
+        'piping_to_pump_cost' => pipingToPumpCost.round(0),
+        'header_distribution_cost' => hdrDistributionCost.round(0),
+        'total_cost' => totalCost.round(0)
+    }
+    puts "\nHVAC Boiler costing data successfully generated. Total boiler costs: $#{totalCost.round(0)}"
+
+    return totalCost
+  end
+
+  # --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  # Chiller costing is similar to boiler costing above
+  # --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  def chiller_costing(model, prototype_creator)
+
+    totalCost = 0.0
+
+    # Get regional cost factors for this province and city
+    materials_hvac = @costing_database["raw"]["materials_hvac"]
+    hvac_material = materials_hvac.select {|data|
+      data['Material'].to_s == "GasBoilers"}.first  # Get any row from spreadsheet in case of region error
+    regional_material, regional_installation =
+        get_regional_cost_factors(@costing_report['province_state'], @costing_report['city'], hvac_material)
+
+    # Get regional electric cost factors for this province and city
+    hvac_material = materials_hvac.select {|data|
+      data['Material'].to_s.upcase == "BOX" && data['Size'].to_i == 1}.first
+    reg_mat_elec, reg_lab_elec =
+      get_regional_cost_factors(@costing_report['province_state'], @costing_report['city'], hvac_material)
+
+    # Store some geometry data for use below...
+    util_dist, ht_roof, nom_flr_hght, horz_dist, numAGFlrs, mechRmInBsmt = getGeometryData(model, prototype_creator)
+
+    template_type = prototype_creator.template
+
+    chillerCost = 0.0 ; thisChillerCost = 0.0 ; flueCost = 0.0 ; utilCost = 0.0
+    plant_loop_info = {}
+    plant_loop_info[:chillers] = []
+    plant_loop_info[:chillerpumps] = []
+    awhp_chiller = false
+
+    # Iterate through the plant loops to get chiller & pump data...
+    model.getPlantLoops.each do |plant_loop|
+      next unless (plant_loop.name.get.to_s.downcase == "chilled water loop") || (plant_loop.name.get.to_s.downcase == "chw plantloop")
+      plant_loop.supplyComponents.each do |supply_comp|
+        if supply_comp.to_ChillerElectricEIR.is_initialized #|| supply_comp.to_ChillerGasEIR.is_initialized
+          chiller = supply_comp.to_ChillerElectricEIR.get
+          chiller_info = {}
+          plant_loop_info[:chillers] << chiller_info
+          chiller_info[:name] = chiller.name.get
+          if chiller_info[:name] =~ /WaterCooled/i
+            if chiller_info[:name] =~ /Absorption/i
+              chiller_info[:type] = 'HotAbsChiller'
+              chiller_info[:fuel] = 'NaturalGas'
+            elsif chiller_info[:name] =~ /Direct Gas/i
+              chiller_info[:type] = 'GasAbsChiller'
+              chiller_info[:fuel] = 'NaturalGas'
+            elsif chiller_info[:name] =~ /Centrifugal/i
+              chiller_info[:type] = 'CentChillerWater'
+              chiller_info[:fuel] = 'Electric'
+            elsif chiller_info[:name] =~ /Reciprocating/i
+              chiller_info[:type] = 'RecChillerWater'
+              chiller_info[:fuel] = 'Electric'
+            elsif chiller_info[:name] =~ /Scroll/i
+              chiller_info[:type] = 'ScrollChillerWater'
+              chiller_info[:fuel] = 'Electric'
+            elsif chiller_info[:name] =~ /Screw/i
+              chiller_info[:type] = 'ScrewChillerWater'
+              chiller_info[:fuel] = 'Electric'
+            end
+          elsif chiller_info[:name] =~ /AirCooled/i
+            if chiller_info[:name] =~ /Reciprocating/i
+              chiller_info[:type] = 'RecChillerAir'
+              chiller_info[:fuel] = 'Electric'
+            elsif chiller_info[:name] =~ /Scroll/i
+              chiller_info[:type] = 'ScrollChillerAir'
+              chiller_info[:fuel] = 'Electric'
+            elsif chiller_info[:name] =~ /Screw/i
+              chiller_info[:type] = 'ScrewChillerAir'
+              chiller_info[:fuel] = 'Electric'
+            elsif chiller_info[:name] =~ /DX/i
+              chiller_info[:type] = 'DXChiller'
+              chiller_info[:fuel] = 'Electric'
+            end
+          end
+          chiller_info[:reference_capacity] = chiller.referenceCapacity.to_f / 1000 # kW
+        elsif supply_comp.to_HeatPumpPlantLoopEIRCooling.is_initialized
+          chiller = supply_comp.to_HeatPumpPlantLoopEIRCooling.get
+          chiller_info = {}
+          chiller_info[:name] = chiller.name.get
+          chiller_info[:type] = 'Airtowaterhp'
+          chiller_info[:fuel] = 'Electric'
+          if chiller.isReferenceCapacityAutosized
+            chiller_info[:reference_capacity] = chiller.autosizedReferenceCapacity.to_f / 1000 # kW
+          else
+            chiller_info[:reference_capacity] = chiller.referenceCapacity.to_f / 1000 # kW
+          end
+          awhp_chiller = true
+          plant_loop_info[:chillers] << chiller_info
+        elsif supply_comp.to_PumpConstantSpeed.is_initialized
+          csPump = supply_comp.to_PumpConstantSpeed.get
+          csPump_info = {}
+          plant_loop_info[:chillerpumps] << csPump_info
+          csPump_info[:name] = csPump.name.get
+          if csPump.isRatedPowerConsumptionAutosized.to_bool
+            csPumpSize = csPump.autosizedRatedPowerConsumption.to_f
+          else
+            csPumpSize = csPump.ratedPowerConsumption.to_f
+          end
+          csPump_info[:size] = csPumpSize.to_f # Watts
+          if csPump.isRatedFlowRateAutosized.to_bool
+            csPump_info[:water_flow_m3_per_s] = csPump.autosizedRatedFlowRate.to_f
+          else
+            csPump_info[:water_flow_m3_per_s] = csPump.ratedFlowRate.to_f
+          end
+        elsif supply_comp.to_PumpVariableSpeed.is_initialized
+          vsPump = supply_comp.to_PumpVariableSpeed.get
+          vsPump_info = {}
+          plant_loop_info[:chillerpumps] << vsPump_info
+          vsPump_info[:name] = vsPump.name.get
+          if vsPump.isRatedPowerConsumptionAutosized.to_bool
+            vsPumpSize = vsPump.autosizedRatedPowerConsumption.to_f
+          else
+            vsPumpSize = vsPump.ratedPowerConsumption.to_f
+          end
+          vsPump_info[:size] = vsPumpSize.to_f # Watts
+          if vsPump.isRatedFlowRateAutosized.to_bool
+            vsPump_info[:water_flow_m3_per_s] = vsPump.autosizedRatedFlowRate.to_f
+          else
+            vsPump_info[:water_flow_m3_per_s] = vsPump.ratedFlowRate.to_f
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Get costs associated with each chiller
+    numChillers = 0 ; multiplier = 1.0
+    primaryFuel = ''; primaryCap = 0
+
+    plant_loop_info[:chillers].each do |chiller|
+
+      # Get primary/secondary/backup chiller cost based on type and capacity for each chiller
+      # 06-Sep-2019 JTB: Added check for no 'Primary' or 'Secondary' label and assume primary.
+      #    This chiller prefix name seemed to disappear after the heat pump work was committed.
+      numChillers += 1
+      if chiller[:type].to_s.downcase == 'airtowaterhp'
+        primaryFuel = chiller[:fuel]
+        primaryCap = chiller[:reference_capacity] #kW
+        # Add cooling buffer tank for awhp
+        materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'solartank', size: 450)
+        matCost, labCost = getCost('solartank', materialHash, multiplier) #Costing for AWHP only buffer tank, AWHP included in boiler cost
+        thisChillerCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+        # Include 2 expansion tanks for awhp
+        materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'ExpansionTanks', size: 60)
+        matCost, labCost = getCost('ExpansionTanks', materialHash, multiplier) #Costing for AWHP only buffer tank, AWHP included in boiler cost
+        thisChillerCost += (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0) * 2
+        # Inclide glycol cost
+        materalHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'glycol')
+        matCost, labCost = getCost('solartank', materialHash, multiplier) #Costing for AWHP only buffer tank, AWHP included in boiler cost
+        thisChillerCost += (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0) * 2
+
+        flueVentCost = 0.0 ; flueElbowCost = 0.0 ; flueTopCost = 0.0 ; headerCost = 0.0
+      elsif ((chiller[:name].to_s.downcase =~ /primary/i || (chiller[:name] !~ /primary/i && chiller[:name] !~ /secondary/i && numChillers == 1)) || (@gshp_flag))
+        primaryFuel = chiller[:fuel]
+        primaryCap = chiller[:reference_capacity] #kW
+        if not chiller[:name].include?("ChillerElectricEIR_VSDCentrifugalWaterChiller")
+          matCost, labCost = getHVACCost(chiller[:name], chiller[:type], chiller[:reference_capacity], false)
+          thisChillerCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+        elsif chiller[:name].include?("ChillerElectricEIR_VSDCentrifugalWaterChiller")
+          thisChillerCost = vsd_chiller_cost(primaryCap: primaryCap)
+        end
+        # Flue cost for gas (absorption) chillers!
+        if chiller[:fuel] == 'NaturalGas'
+          # Calculate flue costs once for all chillets since flues combined by header when multiple chillers
+          # 6 inch diameter flue (#384)
+          materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'Venting', size: 6)
+          matCost, labCost = getCost('flue', materialHash, multiplier)
+          flueVentCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+
+          #6 inch elbow fitting (#386)
+          materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'VentingElbow', size: 6)
+          matCost, labCost = getCost('flue elbow', materialHash, multiplier)
+          flueElbowCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+
+          # 6 inch top (#392)
+          materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'VentingTop', size: 6)
+          matCost, labCost = getCost('flue top', materialHash, multiplier)
+          flueTopCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+
+          # Gas line piping cost per ft (#1)
+          materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'GasLine', unit: 'L.F.')
+          matCost, labCost = getCost('fuel line', materialHash, multiplier)
+          fuelLineCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+
+          # Gas line fitting connection per boiler (#2)
+          materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'GasLine', unit: 'each')
+          matCost, labCost = getCost('fuel line fitting connection', materialHash, multiplier)
+          fuelFittingCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+
+
+          # Header cost only non-zero if there is a secondary/backup gas/oil boiler
+          headerCost = 0.0
+        else  # Electric
+          flueVentCost = 0.0 ; flueElbowCost = 0.0 ; flueTopCost = 0.0 ; headerCost = 0.0
+        end
+
+        # Electric utility costs (i.e., power lines).
+        # Calculate utility cost components for primary chiller only since multiple chillers use common utilities
+
+        # elec 600V #14 wire /100 ft (#848)
+        materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'Wiring', size: 14)
+        matCost, labCost = getCost('electrical wire - 600V #14', materialHash, multiplier)
+        elecWireCost = matCost * reg_mat_elec / 100.0 + labCost * reg_lab_elec / 100.0
+
+        # 1 inch metal conduit (#851)
+        materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'Conduit', unit: 'L.F.')
+        matCost, labCost = getCost('1 inch metal conduit', materialHash, multiplier)
+        metalConduitCost = matCost * reg_mat_elec / 100.0 + labCost * reg_lab_elec / 100.0
+
+        if chiller[:fuel] == 'NaturalGas'
+          # Gas chillers require fuel line+valves+connectors and electrical conduit
+          utilCost += (fuelLineCost + metalConduitCost) * util_dist + fuelFittingCost + elecWireCost * util_dist / 100
+
+        else # Electric
+          # Electric chillers require only conduit
+          utilCost += metalConduitCost * util_dist + elecWireCost * util_dist / 100
+        end
+
+      elsif (chiller[:name].to_s.downcase =~ /secondary/i || numChillers > 1)
+        if chiller[:reference_capacity] <= 0.1
+          # Chiller cost is zero!
+          thisChillerCost = 0.0
+          numChillers -= 1
+        else
+          # A secondary chiller exists so use it for costing
+          if not chiller[:name].include?("ChillerElectricEIR_VSDCentrifugalWaterChiller")
+            matCost, labCost = getHVACCost(chiller[:name], chiller[:type], chiller[:reference_capacity], false)
+            thisChillerCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+          elsif chiller[:name].include?("ChillerElectricEIR_VSDCentrifugalWaterChiller")
+            thisChillerCost = vsd_chiller_cost(primaryCap: primaryCap)
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Flue costs set to zero if secondary chiler since already calculated in primary (if gas absorption)
+        flueVentCost = 0.0; flueElbowCost = 0.0; flueTopCost = 0.0
+
+        # Check if need a flue header (i.e., both primary and secondary chillers are gas absorption)
+        if thisChillerCost > 0.0 && primaryFuel == 'NaturalGas' && chiller[:fuel] == 'NaturalGas'
+          # 6 inch diameter header (#384)
+          materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'Venting', size: 6)
+          matCost, labCost = getCost('flue header', materialHash, multiplier)
+          headerVentCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+
+          #6 inch elbow fitting for header (#386)
+          materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'VentingElbow', size: 6)
+          matCost, labCost = getCost('flue header elbow', materialHash, multiplier)
+          headerElbowCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+
+          # Assume a header length of 20 ft and an elbow fitting for each boiler connected to the header
+          headerCost = (headerVentCost * 20 + headerElbowCost) * numChillers
+        else
+          headerCost = 0.0
+        end
+      end
+      chillerCost += thisChillerCost
+      flueCost += flueVentCost * ht_roof + flueElbowCost + flueTopCost + headerCost
+      if numChillers > 1 && primaryFuel == 'NaturalGas'
+        # Adjust utility cost for extra fuel line fitting cost
+        utilCost += fuelFittingCost * (numChillers - 1)
+      end
+      if numChillers < 2
+        # Create a cost for a backup chiller by doubling cost of primary chiller
+        # 2023-04-25:  Although backup chillers may be modeled we are no longer counting them.
+        #chillerCost *= 2.0
+        numChillers = 1
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Chiller pump costs
+    pumpCost = 0.0; pipingToPumpCost = 0.0; numPumps = 0; pumpName = ''; pumpSize = 0.0 ; pumpFlow = 0.0
+    plant_loop_info[:chillerpumps].each do |pump|
+      numPumps += 1
+      # Cost variable and constant volume pumps the same (the difference is in extra cost for VFD controller)
+      pumpSize = pump[:size]; pumpName = pump[:name]
+      pumpFlow += pump[:water_flow_m3_per_s].to_f
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost(pumpName, 'Pumps', pumpSize, false)
+      indpumpCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+      if pump[:name] =~ /variable/i
+        # Cost the VFD controller for the variable pump costed above
+        matCost, labCost = getHVACCost(pumpName, 'VFD', pumpSize, false)
+        indpumpCost += matCost * reg_mat_elec / 100.0 + labCost * reg_lab_elec / 100.0
+      end
+      if awhp_chiller
+        pumpCost += indpumpCost * 2
+      else
+        pumpCost += indpumpCost
+      end
+    end
+    if (numChillers > 1 && numPumps < 2)
+      # Add pump costing for additional chillers
+      pumpCost *= 2.0
+      numPumps = 2  # reset the number of pumps for piping costs below
+      numChillers = 2
+    end
+    # Double the pump costs to accomodate the costing of backup pumps for each chiller!
+    # No longer costing backup pump CK 2023-06-23
+    #pumpCost *= 2.0
+
+    # Chiller water piping cost: Add piping elbows, valves and insulation from the chiller(s)
+    # to the pumps(s) assuming a pipe diameter of 1” and a distance of 10 ft per pump
+    if numChillers > 0
+      # 1 inch Steel pipe
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('1 inch steel pipe', 'SteelPipe', 1)
+      pipingToPumpCost = 10.0 * numPumps * (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+
+      # 1 inch Steel pipe insulation
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('1 inch pipe insulation', 'PipeInsulation', 1)
+      pipingToPumpCost += 10.0 * numPumps * (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+
+      # 1 inch Steel pipe elbow
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('1 inch steel pipe elbow', 'SteelPipeElbow', 1)
+      pipingToPumpCost += 2.0 * numPumps * (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+
+      # 1 inch gate valves
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('1 inch gate valves', 'ValvesGate', 1)
+      pipingToPumpCost += 1.0 * numPumps * (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+    end
+
+    if numChillers > 0
+      # Double pump piping cost to account for second chiller
+      pipingToPumpCost *= 2 if awhp_chiller
+      pipingToPumpCost *= numChillers
+
+      hdrDistributionCost = getHeaderPipingDistributionCost(numAGFlrs, mechRmInBsmt, regional_material, regional_installation, reg_mat_elec, reg_lab_elec,
+                                                            pumpFlow, horz_dist, nom_flr_hght)
+    else
+      pipingToPumpCost = 0
+      hdrDistributionCost = 0
+    end
+
+    totalCost = chillerCost + flueCost + utilCost + pumpCost + pipingToPumpCost + hdrDistributionCost
+
+    @costing_report['heating_and_cooling']['plant_equipment']  << {
+        'type' => 'chillers',
+        'nom_flr2flr_hght_ft' => nom_flr_hght.round(1),
+        'ht_roof_ft' => ht_roof.round(1),
+        'longest_distance_to_ext_ft' => horz_dist.round(1),
+        'wiring_and_gas_connections_distance_ft' => util_dist.round(1),
+        'equipment_cost' => chillerCost.round(0),
+        'flue_cost' => flueCost.round(0),
+        'wiring_and_gas_connections_cost' => utilCost.round(0),
+        'pump_cost' => pumpCost.round(0),
+        'piping_to_pump_cost' => pipingToPumpCost.round(0),
+        'header_distribution_cost' => hdrDistributionCost.round(0),
+        'total_cost' => totalCost.round(0)
+    }
+
+    puts "\nHVAC Chiller costing data successfully generated. Total chiller costs: $#{totalCost.round(0)}"
+
+    return totalCost
+  end
+
+  # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  # Cooling tower (i.e., chiller condensor loop cooling) costing
+  # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  def coolingtower_costing(model, prototype_creator)
+
+    totalCost = 0.0
+
+    # Get regional cost factors for this province and city
+    materials_hvac = @costing_database["raw"]["materials_hvac"]
+    hvac_material = materials_hvac.select {|data|
+      data['Material'].to_s == "GasBoilers"}.first  # Get any row from spreadsheet in case of region error
+    regional_material, regional_installation =
+        get_regional_cost_factors(@costing_report['province_state'], @costing_report['city'], hvac_material)
+
+    # Get regional electric cost factors for this province and city
+    hvac_material = materials_hvac.select {|data|
+      data['Material'].to_s.upcase == "BOX" && data['Size'].to_i == 1}.first
+    reg_mat_elec, reg_lab_elec =
+      get_regional_cost_factors(@costing_report['province_state'], @costing_report['city'], hvac_material)
+
+    # Store some geometry data for use below...
+    util_dist, ht_roof, nom_flr_hght, horz_dist, numAGFlrs, mechRmInBsmt = getGeometryData(model, prototype_creator)
+
+    template_type = prototype_creator.template
+
+    cltowerCost = 0.0
+    thisClTowerCost = 0.0
+    utilCost = 0.0
+    plant_loop_info = {}
+    plant_loop_info[:coolingtowers] = []
+    plant_loop_info[:coolingtowerpumps] = []
+    plant_loop_info[:groundloops] = []
+    cltowertype = 'cooling_towers'
+
+    # Iterate through the plant loops to get cooling tower & pump data...
+    model.getPlantLoops.each do |plant_loop|
+      next unless (plant_loop.name.get.to_s =~ /Condenser Water Loop/i) || (plant_loop.name.get.to_s =~ /Condenser PlantLoop GLHX/i)
+      plant_loop.supplyComponents.each do |supply_comp|
+        if supply_comp.to_CoolingTowerSingleSpeed.is_initialized
+          cltower = supply_comp.to_CoolingTowerSingleSpeed.get
+          cltower_info = {}
+          plant_loop_info[:coolingtowers] << cltower_info
+          cltower_info[:name] = cltower.name.get
+          cltower_info[:type] = 'ClgTwr'  # Material lookup name
+          cltower_info[:fanPoweratDesignAirFlowRate] = cltower.fanPoweratDesignAirFlowRate.to_f / 1000 # kW
+          cltower_info[:capacity] = model.sqlFile().get().execAndReturnFirstDouble("SELECT Value FROM " +
+            "TabularDataWithStrings WHERE ReportName='EquipmentSummary' AND ReportForString='Entire Facility' AND " +
+            "TableName='Central Plant' AND ColumnName='Nominal Capacity' AND " +
+            "RowName='#{cltower_info[:name].upcase}' ").to_f / 1000 # kW
+        elsif supply_comp.to_PumpConstantSpeed.is_initialized
+          csPump = supply_comp.to_PumpConstantSpeed.get
+          csPump_info = {}
+          plant_loop_info[:coolingtowerpumps] << csPump_info
+          csPump_info[:name] = csPump.name.get
+          if csPump.isRatedPowerConsumptionAutosized.to_bool
+            csPumpSize = csPump.autosizedRatedPowerConsumption.to_f
+          else
+            csPumpSize = csPump.ratedPowerConsumption.to_f
+          end
+          csPump_info[:size] = csPumpSize.to_f # Watts
+        elsif supply_comp.to_PumpVariableSpeed.is_initialized
+          vsPump = supply_comp.to_PumpVariableSpeed.get
+          vsPump_info = {}
+          plant_loop_info[:coolingtowerpumps] << vsPump_info
+          vsPump_info[:name] = vsPump.name.get
+          if vsPump.isRatedPowerConsumptionAutosized.to_bool
+            vsPumpSize = vsPump.autosizedRatedPowerConsumption.to_f
+          else
+            vsPumpSize = vsPump.ratedPowerConsumption.to_f
+          end
+          vsPump_info[:size] = vsPumpSize.to_f # Watts
+        elsif supply_comp.to_DistrictHeating.is_initialized
+          groundLoop = supply_comp.to_DistrictHeating.get
+          groundLoop_info = {}
+          groundLoop_info[:name] = groundLoop.name.to_s
+          if groundLoop.isNominalCapacityAutosized.to_bool
+            groundLoop_info[:nominal_capacity] = groundLoop.autosizedNominalCapacity.to_f/1000.0
+          else
+            groundLoop_info[:nominal_capacity] = groundLoop.nominalCapacity.to_f/1000.0
+          end
+          # Get flow rate to ground loop
+          if plant_loop.isMaximumLoopFlowRateAutosized.to_bool
+            groundLoop_info[:plant_loop_flow_rate_m3ps] = plant_loop.autosizedMaximumLoopFlowRate.to_f
+          else
+            groundLoop_info[:plant_loop_flow_rate_m3ps] = plant_loop.maximumLoopFlowRate.to_f
+          end
+          plant_loop_info[:groundloops] << groundLoop_info
+        elsif supply_comp.to_DistrictCooling.is_initialized
+          groundLoop = supply_comp.to_DistrictCooling.get
+          groundLoop_info = {}
+          groundLoop_info[:name] = groundLoop.name.to_s
+          if groundLoop.isNominalCapacityAutosized.to_bool
+            groundLoop_info[:nominal_capacity] = groundLoop.autosizedNominalCapacity.to_f/1000.0
+          else
+            groundLoop_info[:nominal_capacity] = groundLoop.nominalCapacity.to_f/1000.0
+          end
+          # Get flow rate to ground loop
+          if plant_loop.isMaximumLoopFlowRateAutosized.to_bool
+            groundLoop_info[:plant_loop_flow_rate_m3ps] = plant_loop.autosizedMaximumLoopFlowRate.to_f
+          else
+            groundLoop_info[:plant_loop_flow_rate_m3ps] = plant_loop.maximumLoopFlowRate.to_f
+          end
+          plant_loop_info[:groundloops] << groundLoop_info
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Get costs associated with each cooling tower
+    numTowers = 0 ; multiplier = 1.0
+
+    plant_loop_info[:coolingtowers].each do |cltower|
+      # Get cooling tower cost based on capacity
+      numTowers += 1
+      if numTowers == 1
+        matCost, labCost = getHVACCost(cltower[:name], cltower[:type], cltower[:capacity], false)
+        thisClTowerCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+      else  # Multiple cooling towers
+        if cltower[:capacity] <= 0.1
+          # Cooling tower cost is zero!
+          thisClTowerCost = 0.0
+        else
+          # A second cooling tower exists so use it for costing
+          matCost, labCost = getHVACCost(cltower[:name], cltower[:type], cltower[:capacity], false)
+          thisClTowerCost = matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+        end
+      end
+      cltowerCost += thisClTowerCost
+
+      # Electric utility costs (i.e., power lines) for cooling tower(s).
+
+      # elec 600V #14 wire /100 ft (#848)
+      materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'Wiring', size: 14)
+      matCost, labCost = getCost('electrical wire - 600V #14', materialHash, multiplier)
+      elecWireCost = matCost * reg_mat_elec / 100.0 + labCost * reg_lab_elec / 100.0
+
+      # 1 inch metal conduit (#851)
+      materialHash = get_cost_info(mat: 'Conduit', unit: 'L.F.')
+      matCost, labCost = getCost('1 inch metal conduit', materialHash, multiplier)
+      metalConduitCost = matCost * reg_mat_elec / 100.0 + labCost * reg_lab_elec / 100.0
+
+      utilCost += metalConduitCost * (ht_roof + 20) + elecWireCost * (ht_roof + 20) / 100
+    end
+
+    # Cooling Tower (condensor) pump costs
+    pumpCost = 0.0; pipingCost = 0.0; numPumps = 0; pumpName = ''; pumpSize = 0.0
+    plant_loop_info[:coolingtowerpumps].each do |pump|
+      numPumps += 1
+      # Cost variable and constant volume pumps the same (VFD controller added if variable)
+      pumpSize = pump[:size]; pumpName = pump[:name]
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost(pumpName, 'Pumps', pumpSize, false)
+      pumpCost += matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0
+      if pump[:name] =~ /variable/i
+        # Cost the VFD controller for the variable pump costed above
+        pumpSize = pump[:size]; pumpName = pump[:name]
+        matCost, labCost = getHVACCost(pumpName, 'VFD', pumpSize, false)
+        pumpCost += matCost * reg_mat_elec / 100.0 + labCost * reg_lab_elec / 100.0
+      end
+    end
+    if numTowers > 1 && numPumps < 2
+      # Add pump costing for the backup pump.
+      # 2023-04-25:  Not including backup tower or pump costs
+      # pumpCost *= 2.0
+    end
+    # Double the pump costs to accomodate the costing of a backup pump(s)!
+    # 2023-04-25 No longer including backup pumps
+    #pumpCost *= 2.0
+    #numPumps = 2  # reset the number of pumps for piping costs below
+
+
+    # Chiller water piping cost: Add piping elbows, valves and insulation from the chiller(s)
+    # to the pumps(s) assuming a pipe diameter of 1” and a distance of 10 ft per pump
+    if numTowers > 0
+      # 4 inch Steel pipe (vertical + horizontal)
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('4 inch steel pipe', 'SteelPipe', 4)
+      pipingCost += (ht_roof * 2 + 10 * numPumps) * (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+
+      # 4 inch Steel pipe insulation (vertical + horizontal)
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('1 inch pipe insulation', 'PipeInsulation', 4)
+      pipingCost += (ht_roof * 2 + 10 * numPumps) * (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+
+      # 4 inch Steel pipe elbow
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('4 inch steel pipe tee', 'SteelPipeTee', 4)
+      pipingCost += 1.0 * numPumps * (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+
+      # 4 inch valves
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('4 inch BFly valves', 'ValvesBFly', 4)
+      pipingCost += 1.0 * numPumps * (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+    end
+
+    # Note: No extra costs for piping for backup condenser pump or multiple cooling towers.
+
+    # Calculate GSHP ground loop cost and interior piping
+    unless plant_loop_info[:groundloops].empty?
+      # GSHP ground loop cost
+      # Not applying localization because costs are currently national estimates only (2023-06-19)
+      cltowertype = 'ground_loop'
+      largest_loop = plant_loop_info[:groundloops].max_by { |groundloop| groundloop[:nominal_capacity] }
+      nominal_capacity = largest_loop[:nominal_capacity].to_f
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('GSHP ground loop', 'gshp_ground_loop', '')
+      cltowerCost = matCost * nominal_capacity
+
+      # GSHP piping from building to bore field cost
+      # Not applying localization because costs are currently national estimates only (2023-06-19)
+      gshp_dist = 50
+      loop_flow = largest_loop[:plant_loop_flow_rate_m3ps]
+      pipe_dia_mm = d = Math.sqrt(1.273*loop_flow/2.0)*1000
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('GSHP outdoor piping cost', 'gshp_buried_pipe', pipe_dia_mm, false)
+      pipingCost = matCost * gshp_dist
+
+      # Interior piping cost
+      # Get mechanical room lacotion (assume this is where the GSHP is)
+      mech_room, cond_spaces = prototype_creator.find_mech_room(model)
+      mech_centroid = mech_room["space_centroid"]
+      # Determine the length to the largest exterior wall
+      ground_spaces = []
+      pipe_dists = []
+      # Determine the exterior ground walls touching the ground
+      # Get the spaces
+      model.getSpaces.sort.each do |space|
+        ground_surf = false
+        # Get the surfaces for the space and determine if any are contacting the ground.  If one is add it to the arroy
+        # of spaces
+        space.surfaces.sort.each do |surface|
+          if surface.isGroundSurface
+            ground_surf = true
+          end
+        end
+        ground_spaces << space if ground_surf == true
+      end
+      # Go through all of the spaces contacting the ground
+      ground_spaces.sort.each do |ground_space|
+        # Go through all of the surfaces for the space and determine which are exterior or foundation walls
+        ext_walls = ground_space.surfaces.select{ |surf| surf.surfaceType == 'Wall' && (surf.outsideBoundaryCondition == 'Outdoors' || surf.outsideBoundaryCondition == 'Foundation')}
+        # Get the largest exterior wall and the distance to its centroid to the mech room centroid
+        unless ext_walls.empty?
+          ext_wall = ext_walls.max_by { |ext_wall| ext_wall.grossArea.to_f }
+          pipe_dists << {
+            wall: ext_wall,
+            pipe_dist: ((ext_wall.centroid.x.to_f + ground_space.xOrigin.to_f - mech_centroid[0].to_f).abs + (ext_wall.centroid.y.to_f + ground_space.yOrigin.to_f - mech_centroid[1].to_f).abs + (ext_wall.centroid.z.to_f + ground_space.zOrigin.to_f - mech_centroid[2].to_f).abs)
+          }
+        end
+      end
+      # Find the shortest distance to the 3 largest walls and pick the shortest one
+      largest_walls = pipe_dists.max_by(3) { |wall| wall[:wall].grossArea.to_f }
+      pipe_dist = largest_walls.min_by { |wall| wall[:pipe_dist].to_f }
+      pipe_dist_ft = (OpenStudio.convert(pipe_dist[:pipe_dist], 'm', 'ft').get)
+      pipe_dia_mm = d = Math.sqrt(1.273*loop_flow/2.0)*1000
+      pipe_dia_inch = (OpenStudio.convert(pipe_dia_mm/1000, 'm', 'ft').get)*12.0
+      pipe_dia_inch = 8.0 if pipe_dia_inch >= 8.0
+
+      # Include localization foctors in interior piping and fixtures
+      # Cost the interior pipe
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('GSHP indoor piping cost', 'SteelPipe', pipe_dia_inch, false)
+      pipingCost += (matCost*regional_material + labCost*regional_installation)*pipe_dist_ft*2.0/100.0
+
+      # Cost the pipe insulation
+      pipe_dia_inch = 4.0 if pipe_dia_inch > 4.0
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('GSHP indoor pipe insulation', 'PipeInsulation', pipe_dia_inch, false)
+      pipingCost += (matCost*regional_material + labCost*regional_installation)*pipe_dist_ft*2.0/100.0
+
+      # Cost 1 valve
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('GSHP indoor pipe valve', 'ValvesBig', 4.0)
+      pipingCost += (matCost*regional_material + labCost*regional_installation)/100.0
+
+      # Cost 2 pipe tees
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('GSHP indoor pipe tees', 'SteelPipeTee', 4.0)
+      pipingCost += (matCost*regional_material + labCost*regional_installation)*2.0/100.0
+
+      # Cost 8 pipe tees
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('GSHP indoor pipe elbows', 'SteelPipeElbow', 4.0)
+      pipingCost += (matCost*regional_material + labCost*regional_installation)*8.0/100.0
+    end
+    totalCost = cltowerCost + utilCost + pumpCost + pipingCost
+
+    @costing_report['heating_and_cooling']['plant_equipment']  << {
+        'type' => cltowertype,
+        'nom_flr2flr_hght_ft' => nom_flr_hght.round(1),
+        'ht_roof_ft' => ht_roof.round(1),
+        'longest_distance_to_ext_ft' => horz_dist.round(1),
+        'wiring_and_gas_connections_distance_ft' => util_dist.round(1),
+        'equipment_cost' => cltowerCost.round(0),
+        'wiring_and_gas_connections_cost' => utilCost.round(0),
+        'pump_cost' => pumpCost.round(0),
+        'piping_cost' => pipingCost.round(0),
+        'total_cost' => totalCost.round(0)
+    }
+
+    puts "\nHVAC Cooling Tower costing data successfully generated. Total cooling tower costs: $#{totalCost.round(0)}"
+
+    return totalCost
+  end
+
+
+  # This method determines how many pieces of equipment are required to satisfy the required size if 1 piece is not
+  # enough.  It takes in:
+  # materialLookup(String):  The name to search for in the 'Material' column of the materials_hvac sheet of the costing
+  #                           spreadsheet.
+  # materialSize(Float):  The size to search for in the 'Size' column of teh materials_hvac sheet of the costing
+  #                       spreadsheet.
+  # It returns:
+  # multiplier(Float):  Number of materialLookup with the largest size required to meet the materialSize.
+  def get_HVAC_multiplier(materialLookup, materialSize)
+    multiplier = 1.0
+    materials_hvac = @costing_database['raw']['materials_hvac'].select {|data|
+      data['Material'].to_s.upcase == materialLookup.to_s.upcase
+    }
+    if materials_hvac.nil?
+      puts("Error: no hvac information available for equipment #{materialLookup}!")
+      raise
+    elsif materials_hvac.empty?
+      puts("Error: no hvac information available for equipment #{materialLookup}!")
+      raise
+    end
+    materials_hvac.length == 1 ? max_size = materials_hvac[0] : max_size = materials_hvac.max_by {|d| d['Size'].to_f}
+    if max_size['Size'].to_f <= 0
+      puts("Error: #{materialLookup} has a size of 0 or less.  Please check that the correct costing_database.json file is being used or check the costing spreadsheet!")
+      raise
+    end
+    mult = materialSize.to_f / (max_size['Size'].to_f)
+    multiplier = (mult.to_i).to_f.round(0) + 1  # Use next largest integer for multiplier
+    return multiplier.to_f
+  end
+
+  # This method provides the material and labour cost for a required piece of equimpment.  It takes in:
+  # name(String):  The name of a piece of equipment.  Is only used for error reporting and is not linked to anything
+  #                else.
+  # materialLookup(String):  The material type used to search hte 'Material' column of the materials_hvac sheet of the
+  #                          costing spreadsheet.
+  # materialSize(float):  The size of the equipment in whichever units are required when searching the 'Size' column of
+  #                       the costing spreadsheet.
+  # exactMatch(true/false):  A flag to indicate if the hvac equipment must match the size provided exactly or if the
+  #                          size is a minimum equipment size.
+  # It returns the material cost ond labor cost for the equipment including any multipliers.
+  def getHVACCost(name, materialLookup, materialSize, exactMatch=true)
+    eqCostInfo = getHVACDBInfo(name: name, materialLookup: materialLookup, materialSize: materialSize, exactMatch: exactMatch)
+    return getCost(eqCostInfo[:name], eqCostInfo[:hvac_material], eqCostInfo[:multiplier])
+  end
+
+  # This method was originally part of getHVACCOST but was split out because in some cases the information from the
+  # materials_hvac sheet of the costing spreadsheet was required but not tho cost.
+  # The method takes in:
+  # name(String):  The name of a piece of equipment.  Is only used for error reporting and is not linked to anything
+  #                else.
+  # materialLookup(String):  The material type used to search hte 'Material' column of the materials_hvac sheet of the
+  #                          costing spreadsheet.
+  # materialSize(float):  The size of the equipment in whichever units are required when searching the 'Size' column of
+  #                       the costing spreadsheet.
+  # exactMatch(true/false):  A flag to indicate if the hvac equipment must match the size provided exactly or if the
+  #                          size is a minimum equipment size.
+  #
+  # The method returns a hash with the following composition:
+  # {
+  # name(string):  Same as above.
+  # hvac_material(hash):  The costing spreadsheet information for the hvac equipment being searched for.
+  # multiplier(float):  Default is 1.  Will be higher if exactMatch is false, and no materialLookup could be found with
+  #                     a large enough materialSize in the costing spreadsheet. In this case, it is assumed that several
+  #                     pieced of equipment defined by hvact_material are used to satisfy the required materialSize.
+  #                     The multiplier defines the number of hvac_material required to meet the materialSize
+  # }
+  def getHVACDBInfo(name:, materialLookup:, materialSize:, exactMatch: true)
+    multiplier = 1.0
+    materials_hvac = @costing_database["raw"]["materials_hvac"]
+    if materialSize == 'nil' || materialSize == '' || materialSize == nil
+      # When materialSize is blank because there is only one row in the data sheet, the value is nil
+      hvac_material = materials_hvac.select { |data| data['Material'].to_s.upcase == materialLookup.to_s.upcase }.first
+    else
+      if exactMatch
+        hvac_material = materials_hvac.select {|data|
+          data['Material'].to_s.upcase == materialLookup.to_s.upcase && data['Size'].to_f == materialSize
+        }.first
+      else
+        hvac_material_info = materials_hvac.select {|data|
+          data['Material'].to_s.upcase == materialLookup.to_s.upcase && data['Size'].to_f >= materialSize
+        }
+        if hvac_material_info.empty?
+          hvac_material = nil
+        elsif hvac_material_info.size == 1
+          hvac_material = hvac_material_info[0]
+        else
+          hvac_material = hvac_material_info.min_by{|data| data['Size'].to_f}
+        end
+      end
+    end
+    if hvac_material.nil?
+      if exactMatch
+        puts "HVAC material error! Could not find #{name} in materials_hvac!"
+        raise
+      else
+        # There is no exact match in the costing spreadsheet so redo search for next largest size
+        hvac_material = materials_hvac.select {|data|
+          data['Material'].to_s.upcase == materialLookup.to_s.upcase && data['Size'].to_f >= materialSize.to_f
+        }.min_by{|mat_info| mat_info['Size'].to_f}
+        if hvac_material.nil?
+          # The nominal capacity is greater than the maximum value in the API data for this boiler!
+          # Lookup cost for a capacity divided by the multiple of req'd size/max size.
+          multiplier = get_HVAC_multiplier( materialLookup, materialSize )
+          hvac_materials = materials_hvac.select {|data|
+            data['Material'].to_s.upcase == materialLookup.to_s.upcase && data['Size'].to_f >= materialSize.to_f / multiplier.to_f
+          }
+          if hvac_materials.size == 0
+            puts "HVAC material error! Could not find next largest size for #{name} in #{materials_hvac}"
+            raise
+          elsif hvac_materials.size == 1
+            hvac_material = hvac_materials[0]
+          else
+            hvac_material = hvac_materials.min_by{|data| data['Size'].to_f}
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+    # Create the return hash.
+    costDBInfo = {
+      name: name,
+      hvac_material: hvac_material,
+      multiplier: multiplier
+    }
+    return costDBInfo
+  end
+
+
+  def getCost(materialType, materialHash, multiplier)
+    material_cost = 0.0 ; labour_cost = 0.0
+    costing_data = @costing_database['costs'].detect do |data|
+      data['id'].to_s.upcase == materialHash['id'].to_s.upcase
+    end
+    if costing_data.nil?
+      puts "HVAC #{materialType} with id #{materialHash['id']} not found in the costing database. Skipping."
+      raise
+    else
+      # Get cost information from lookup.
+      # Adjust for material and labour multiplier in costing spreadsheet 'materials_hvac' sheet 'material_mult' and
+      # 'labour_mult' columns.
+      (materialHash['material_mult'].nil?) || (materialHash['material_mult'].empty?) ? mat_mult = 1.0 : mat_mult = materialHash['material_mult'].to_f
+      (materialHash['labour_mult'].nil?) || (materialHash['labour_mult'].empty?) ? lab_mult = 1.0 : lab_mult = materialHash['labour_mult'].to_f
+      material_cost = costing_data['baseCosts']['materialOpCost'].to_f * multiplier * mat_mult
+      labour_cost = costing_data['baseCosts']['laborOpCost'].to_f * multiplier * lab_mult
+    end
+    return material_cost, labour_cost
+  end
+
+  def getGeometryData(model, prototype_creator)
+    num_of_above_ground_stories = model.getBuilding.standardsNumberOfAboveGroundStories.to_i
+    space_mod = OpenstudioStandards::Space
+    if model.building.get.nominalFloortoFloorHeight().empty?
+      volume = model.building.get.airVolume()
+      flrArea = 0.0
+      if model.building.get.conditionedFloorArea.empty?
+        model.getThermalZones.sort.each do |tz|
+          tz.spaces.sort.each do |tz_space|
+            flrArea += tz_space.floorArea.to_f if ( (space_mod.space_cooled?(tz_space)) || (space_mod.space_heated?(tz_space)) )
+          end
+          flrArea += tz.floorArea
+        end
+      else
+        flrArea = model.building.get.conditionedFloorArea().get
+      end
+      nominal_flr2flr_height = 0.0
+      nominal_flr2flr_height = volume / flrArea unless flrArea <= 0.01
+    else
+      nominal_flr2flr_height = model.building.get.nominalFloortoFloorHeight.get
+    end
+
+    # Location of mechanical room and utility distances for use below (space_centroid is an array
+    # in mech_room hash containing the x,y and z coordinates of space centroid). Utility distance
+    # uses the distance from the mech room centroid to the perimeter of the building.
+    mech_room, cond_spaces = prototype_creator.find_mech_room(model)
+    mech_room_story = nil
+    target_cent = [mech_room['space_centroid'][0], mech_room['space_centroid'][1]]
+    found = false
+    model.getBuildingStorys.sort.each do |story|
+      story.spaces.sort.each do |space|
+        if space.nameString == mech_room['space_name']
+          mech_room_story = story
+          found = true
+          break
+        end
+      end
+      break if found
+    end
+    distance_info_hash = get_story_cent_to_edge( building_story: mech_room_story, prototype_creator: prototype_creator,
+                                                 target_cent: target_cent, full_length: false )
+    horizontal_dist = distance_info_hash[:start_point][:line][:dist]  # in metres
+
+    ht_roof = 0.0
+    util_dist = 0.0
+    mechRmInBsmt = false
+    if mech_room['space_centroid'][2] < 0
+      # Mechanical room is in the basement (z dimension is negative).
+      mechRmInBsmt = true
+      ht_roof = (num_of_above_ground_stories + 1) * nominal_flr2flr_height
+      util_dist = nominal_flr2flr_height + horizontal_dist
+    elsif mech_room['space_centroid'][2] == 0
+      # Mech room on ground floor
+      ht_roof = num_of_above_ground_stories * nominal_flr2flr_height
+      util_dist = horizontal_dist
+    else
+      # Mech room on some other floor
+      ht_roof = (num_of_above_ground_stories - (mech_room['space_centroid'][2]/nominal_flr2flr_height).round(0)) * nominal_flr2flr_height
+      util_dist = ht_roof + horizontal_dist
+    end
+
+    util_dist = OpenStudio.convert(util_dist,"m","ft").get
+    nominal_flr2flr_height = OpenStudio.convert(nominal_flr2flr_height,"m","ft").get
+    ht_roof = OpenStudio.convert(ht_roof,"m","ft").get
+    horizontal_dist = OpenStudio.convert(horizontal_dist,"m","ft").get
+
+    return util_dist, ht_roof, nominal_flr2flr_height, horizontal_dist, num_of_above_ground_stories, mechRmInBsmt
+  end
+
+  # --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  # This function gets all costs associated zonal heating and cooling systems
+  # (i.e., zonal units, pumps, flues & utility costs)
+  # --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  def zonalsys_costing(model, prototype_creator, mech_room, cond_spaces)
+
+    totalCost = 0.0
+
+    # Get regional cost factors for this province and city
+    materials_hvac = @costing_database["raw"]["materials_hvac"]
+    hvac_material = materials_hvac.select {|data|
+      data['Material'].to_s == "GasBoilers"}.first  # Get any row from spreadsheet in case of region error
+    regional_material, regional_installation =
+        get_regional_cost_factors(@costing_report['province_state'], @costing_report['city'], hvac_material)
+
+    # Get regional electric cost factors for this province and city
+    hvac_material = materials_hvac.select {|data|
+      data['Material'].to_s.upcase == "BOX" && data['Size'].to_i == 1}.first
+    reg_mat_elec, reg_lab_elec =
+      get_regional_cost_factors(@costing_report['province_state'], @costing_report['city'], hvac_material)
+
+    # Store some geometry data for use below...
+    util_dist, ht_roof, nom_flr_hght, horz_dist, numAGFlrs, mechRmInBsmt = getGeometryData(model, prototype_creator)
+
+    template_type = prototype_creator.template
+
+    zone_loop_info = {}
+    zone_loop_info[:zonesys] = []
+    numZones = 0; floorNumber = 0
+    vrfSystemFloors = {
+      maxCeil: -9999999999999,
+      lowCeil: 9999999999999,
+      vrfFloors: []
+    }
+
+    model.getThermalZones.sort.each do |zone|
+      numZones += 1
+      zone.equipment.each do |equipment|
+        obj_type = equipment.iddObjectType.valueName.to_s
+        if equipment.to_ZoneHVACComponent.is_initialized
+          # This is a zonal HVAC component
+          zone_info = {}
+          zone_loop_info[:zonesys] << zone_info
+
+          # Get floor number from zone name string using regexp (Flr-N, where N is the storey number)
+          zone_info[:zonename] = zone.name.get
+          zone_info[:zonename].scan(/.*Flr-(\d+).*/) {|num| zone_info[:flrnum] = num[0].to_i}
+
+          unless zone.isConditioned.empty?
+            zone_info[:is_conditioned] = zone.isConditioned.get
+          else
+            zone_info[:is_conditioned] = 'N/A'
+            puts "Warning: zone.isConditioned is empty for #{zone.name.get}!"
+          end
+
+          zone_info[:multiplier] = zone.multiplier
+
+          # Get the zone ceiling height value from the sql file...
+          query = "SELECT CeilingHeight FROM Zones WHERE ZoneName='#{zone_info[:zonename].upcase}'"
+          ceilHeight = model.sqlFile().get().execAndReturnFirstDouble(query)
+          zone_info[:ceilingheight] = OpenStudio.convert(ceilHeight.to_f,"m","ft").get  # feet
+
+          zone_info[:heatcost] = 0.0
+          zone_info[:coolcost] = 0.0
+          zone_info[:heatcoolcost] = 0.0
+          zone_info[:pipingcost] = 0.0
+          zone_info[:wiringcost] = 0.0
+          zone_info[:multiplier] = zone.multiplier
+          zone_info[:sysname] = equipment.name.get
+
+          # Get the heat capacity values from the sql file - ZoneSizes table...
+          query = "SELECT UserDesLoad FROM ZoneSizes WHERE ZoneName='#{zone_info[:zonename].upcase}' AND LoadType='Heating'"
+          heatCapVal = model.sqlFile().get().execAndReturnFirstDouble(query)
+          zone_info[:heatcapacity] = heatCapVal.to_f / 1000.0 # Watts -> kW
+
+          component = equipment.to_ZoneHVACComponent.get
+          if component.to_ZoneHVACPackagedTerminalAirConditioner.is_initialized
+            heating_coil_name = component.to_ZoneHVACPackagedTerminalAirConditioner.get.heatingCoil.name.to_s
+            query = "SELECT Value FROM TabularDataWithStrings WHERE ReportName='CoilSizingDetails' AND RowName='#{heating_coil_name.upcase}' AND ColumnName='Coil Final Gross Total Capacity'"
+            zone_info[:heatcapacity] = model.sqlFile.get.execAndReturnFirstDouble(query).to_f/1000.0
+            cooling_coil_name = component.to_ZoneHVACPackagedTerminalAirConditioner.get.coolingCoil.name.to_s
+            query = "SELECT Value FROM TabularDataWithStrings WHERE ReportName='CoilSizingDetails' AND RowName='#{cooling_coil_name.upcase}' AND ColumnName='Coil Final Gross Total Capacity'"
+            zone_info[:coolcapacity] = model.sqlFile.get.execAndReturnFirstDouble(query).to_f/1000.0
+          elsif component.to_ZoneHVACFourPipeFanCoil.is_initialized # 2PFC & 4PFC
+            heating_coil_name = component.to_ZoneHVACFourPipeFanCoil.get.heatingCoil.name.to_s
+            query = "SELECT Value FROM TabularDataWithStrings WHERE ReportName='CoilSizingDetails' AND RowName='#{heating_coil_name.upcase}' AND ColumnName='Coil Final Gross Total Capacity'"
+            zone_info[:heatcapacity] = model.sqlFile.get.execAndReturnFirstDouble(query).to_f/1000.0
+            cooling_coil_name = component.to_ZoneHVACFourPipeFanCoil.get.coolingCoil.name.to_s
+            query = "SELECT Value FROM TabularDataWithStrings WHERE ReportName='CoilSizingDetails' AND RowName='#{cooling_coil_name.upcase}' AND ColumnName='Coil Final Gross Total Capacity'"
+            zone_info[:coolcapacity] = model.sqlFile.get.execAndReturnFirstDouble(query).to_f/1000.0
+          elsif component.to_ZoneHVACPackagedTerminalHeatPump.is_initialized
+            heating_coil_name = component.to_ZoneHVACPackagedTerminalHeatPump.get.heatingCoil.name.to_s
+            query = "SELECT Value FROM TabularDataWithStrings WHERE ReportName='CoilSizingDetails' AND RowName='#{heating_coil_name.upcase}' AND ColumnName='Coil Final Gross Total Capacity'"
+            zone_info[:heatcapacity] = model.sqlFile.get.execAndReturnFirstDouble(query).to_f/1000.0
+            cooling_coil_name = component.to_ZoneHVACPackagedTerminalHeatPump.get.coolingCoil.name.to_s
+            query = "SELECT Value FROM TabularDataWithStrings WHERE ReportName='CoilSizingDetails' AND RowName='#{cooling_coil_name.upcase}' AND ColumnName='Coil Final Gross Total Capacity'"
+            zone_info[:coolcapacity] = model.sqlFile.get.execAndReturnFirstDouble(query).to_f/1000.0
+          elsif component.to_ZoneHVACTerminalUnitVariableRefrigerantFlow.is_initialized
+            # Use separate method to get zonal VRF system info
+            zonalSys = component.to_ZoneHVACTerminalUnitVariableRefrigerantFlow.get
+            vrfSystemFloors = getZonalVRFInfo(zone: zone, model: model, prototype_creator: prototype_creator, zonalSys: zonalSys, vrfSystemFloors: vrfSystemFloors, regMat: regional_material, regLab: regional_installation, numZones: numZones)
+            # When done, go to the next piece of equipment.  Will do VRF costing once all thermal zones are
+            # investigated.
+            next
+          else
+            cooling_coil_name = 'nil'
+          end
+
+          unless (obj_type.to_s == 'OS_ZoneHVAC_FourPipeFanCoil') || (obj_type.to_s == 'OS_ZoneHVAC_PackagedTerminalHeatPump') || (obj_type.to_s == 'OS_ZoneHVAC_PackagedTerminalAirConditioner')
+            # Get the cooling total capacity (sen+lat) value from the sql file - ComponentSizes table
+            query = "SELECT Value FROM ComponentSizes WHERE CompName='#{cooling_coil_name.upcase}' AND Units='W'"
+            coolCapVal = model.sqlFile().get().execAndReturnFirstDouble(query)
+            zone_info[:coolcapacity] = coolCapVal.to_f / 1000.0 # Watts -> kW
+          end
+
+          if (zone_info[:sysname] =~ /Baseboard Convective Water/i) or (zone_info[:sysname] =~ /BaseboardConvectiveWater/i)
+            zone_info[:systype] = 'HW'
+            # HW convector length based on 0.425 kW/foot
+            if zone_info[:heatcapacity] > 0
+              heatCapacity = zone_info[:heatcapacity] / zone.multiplier
+              convLength = (heatCapacity / 0.425).round(0)
+              # HW convector 1" copper core pipe cost
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost(zone_info[:sysname], 'ConvectCopper', 1.25, true)
+              convPipeCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0) * convLength
+              # For each convector there will be a shut-off valve, 2 Tee connections and 2 elbows to
+              # isolate the convector from the hot water loop distribution for servicing and balancing.
+              # Hot water convectors are manufactured in maximum 8 ft lengths, therefore the number of
+              # convectors per thermal zone is (rounded up to nearest integer):
+              ratio = (convLength.to_f / 8.0).to_f
+              numConvectors = (ratio - ratio.to_i) > 0.10 ? (ratio + 0.5).round(0) : ratio
+              # Cost of valves:
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('1.25 inch gate valve', 'ValvesGate', 1.25, true)
+              convValvesCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0) * numConvectors
+              # Cost of tees:
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('1.25 inch copper tees', 'CopperPipeTee', 1.25, true)
+              convTeesCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0) * 2 * numConvectors
+              # Cost of elbows:
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('1.25 inch copper elbows', 'CopperPipeElbow', 1.25, true)
+              convElbowsCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0) * 2 * numConvectors
+              # Total convector cost for this zone (excluding distribution piping):
+              convCost = (convPipeCost + convValvesCost + convTeesCost + convElbowsCost) * zone.multiplier
+              zone_info[:heatcost] = convCost
+              zone_info[:num_units] = numConvectors
+
+              # Single pipe supply and return
+              perimPipingCost = getPerimDistPipingCost(zone, nom_flr_hght, regional_material, regional_installation)
+              zone_info[:pipingcost] = perimPipingCost
+
+              totalCost += convCost + perimPipingCost
+            end
+
+          elsif (zone_info[:sysname]=~ /Baseboard Convective Electric/i) or (zone_info[:sysname]=~ /BaseboardConvectiveElectric/i)
+            zone_info[:systype] = 'BB'
+            # BB number based on 0.935 kW/unit
+            if zone_info[:heatcapacity] > 0
+              heatCapacity = zone_info[:heatcapacity] / zone.multiplier
+              ratio = (heatCapacity / 0.935).to_f
+              numConvectors = (ratio - ratio.to_i) > 0.10 ? (ratio + 0.5).round(0) : ratio
+              # BB electric convector unit cost (Just one in sheet)
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost(zone_info[:sysname], 'ElectricBaseboard', 'nil', true)
+              elecBBCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0) * numConvectors
+              # For each baseboard there will be an electrical junction box
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('Electrical Outlet Box', 'Box', 1, true)
+              elecBoxCost = (matCost * reg_mat_elec / 100.0 + labCost * reg_lab_elec / 100.0) * numConvectors
+              # Total electric basbeboard cost for this zone:
+              elecConvCost = (elecBBCost + elecBoxCost) * zone.multiplier
+              zone_info[:heatcost] = elecConvCost
+              zone_info[:num_units] = numConvectors
+
+              perimWiringCost = getPerimDistWiringCost(zone, nom_flr_hght, reg_mat_elec, reg_lab_elec)
+              zone_info[:wiringcost] = perimWiringCost
+
+              totalCost += elecConvCost + perimWiringCost
+            end
+
+          elsif (zone_info[:sysname] =~ /PTAC/i) || (obj_type.to_s == 'OS_ZoneHVAC_PackagedTerminalAirConditioner')
+            zone_info[:systype] = 'PTAC'
+            # Heating cost of PTAC is handled by Baseboard Convective Electric Heater entry in Equipment list!
+            # Cooling cost of PTAC ...
+            if zone_info[:coolcapacity] > 0
+              # DX cooling unit
+              coolCapacity = zone_info[:coolcapacity] / zone.multiplier
+              numUnits = get_HVAC_multiplier('PTAC', coolCapacity)
+              # PTAC unit cost (Note that same numUnits multiple applied within getHVACCost())
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost(zone_info[:sysname], 'PTAC', coolCapacity, false)
+              thePTACUnitCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+              # For each PTAC unit there will be an electrical junction box (wiring costed with distribution - not here)
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('Electrical Outlet Box', 'Box', 1, true)
+              elecBoxCost = (matCost * reg_mat_elec / 100.0 + labCost * reg_lab_elec / 100.0) * numUnits
+              # Total PTAC cost for this zone (excluding distribution piping):
+              thePTACCost = (thePTACUnitCost + elecBoxCost) * zone.multiplier
+              zone_info[:coolcost] = thePTACCost
+              zone_info[:num_units] = numUnits
+
+              perimWiringCost = getPerimDistWiringCost(zone, nom_flr_hght, reg_mat_elec, reg_lab_elec)
+              zone_info[:wiringcost] = perimWiringCost
+
+              totalCost += thePTACCost + perimWiringCost
+            end
+
+          elsif (zone_info[:sysname] =~ /PTHP/i) || (obj_type.to_s =~ /OS_ZoneHVAC_PackagedTerminalHeatPump/)
+            zone_info[:systype] = 'HP'
+            # Cost of PTAC based on heating capacity...
+            if zone_info[:heatcapacity] > 0
+              # DX heat pump unit
+              capacityHPUnit = zone_info[:coolcapacity] > zone_info[:heatcapacity] ?
+                                 zone_info[:coolcapacity] / zone.multiplier : zone_info[:heatcapacity] / zone.multiplier
+              numUnits = get_HVAC_multiplier('ashp', capacityHPUnit)
+              # HP unit cost (Note that same numUnits multiple applied within getHVACCost())
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost(zone_info[:sysname], 'ashp', capacityHPUnit, false)
+              theHPUnitCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+              # For each HP unit there will be an electrical junction box (wiring costed with distribution - not here)
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('Electrical Outlet Box', 'Box', 1, true)
+              elecBoxCost = (matCost * reg_mat_elec / 100.0 + labCost * reg_lab_elec / 100.0) * numUnits
+              # Total HP cost for this zone (excluding distribution piping):
+              theHPCost = (theHPUnitCost + elecBoxCost) * zone.multiplier
+              zone_info[:heatcoolcost] = theHPUnitCost
+              zone_info[:num_units] = numUnits
+
+              perimWiringCost = getPerimDistWiringCost(zone, nom_flr_hght, reg_mat_elec, reg_lab_elec)
+              zone_info[:wiringcost] = perimWiringCost
+
+              totalCost += theHPCost + perimWiringCost
+            end
+
+          elsif zone_info[:sysname] =~ /2-pipe Fan Coil/i
+            zone_info[:sfurnaceystype] = '2FC'
+            if zone_info[:heatcapacity] > 0 || zone_info[:coolcapacity] > 0
+              # Hot water heating and chilled water cooling type fan coil unit
+              capacityFCUnit = zone_info[:coolcapacity] > zone_info[:heatcapacity] ?
+                               zone_info[:coolcapacity] / zone.multiplier : zone_info[:heatcapacity] / zone.multiplier
+              numFCUnits = get_HVAC_multiplier('FanCoilHtgClgVent', capacityFCUnit)
+              # 2PFC unit cost (Note that same numFCUnits multiple applied within getHVACCost())
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost(zone_info[:sysname], 'FanCoilHtgClgVent', capacityFCUnit, false)
+              fcUnitCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+              # For each 2PFC unit there will be a shut-off valve, 2 Tee connections and 2 elbows to
+              # isolate the convector from the hot water loop distribution for servicing and balancing.
+              # Assumed unit piping is 1.25 inches in diameter.
+              # Cost of valves:
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('1.25 inch gate valve', 'ValvesGate', 1.25, true)
+              fcValvesCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0) * numFCUnits
+              # Cost of tees:
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('1.25 inch copper tees', 'CopperPipeTee', 1.25, true)
+              fcTeesCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0) * 2 * numFCUnits
+              # Cost of elbows:
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('1.25 inch copper elbows', 'CopperPipeElbow', 1.25, true)
+              fcElbowsCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0) * 2 * numFCUnits
+              # For each 2PFC unit there will be an electrical junction box (wiring costed with distribution - not here)
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('Electrical Outlet Box', 'Box', 1, true)
+              elecBoxCost = (matCost * reg_mat_elec / 100.0 + labCost * reg_lab_elec / 100.0) * numFCUnits
+              # Total 2PFC cost for this zone (excluding distribution piping):
+              fcCost = (fcUnitCost + fcValvesCost + fcTeesCost + fcElbowsCost + elecBoxCost) * zone.multiplier
+              zone_info[:heatcoolcost] = fcCost
+              zone_info[:num_units] = numFCUnits
+
+              # Cost for one set supply/return piping
+              perimPipingCost = getPerimDistPipingCost(zone, nom_flr_hght, regional_material, regional_installation)
+              zone_info[:pipingcost] = perimPipingCost
+
+              perimWiringCost = getPerimDistWiringCost(zone, nom_flr_hght, reg_mat_elec, reg_lab_elec)
+              zone_info[:wiringcost] = perimWiringCost
+
+              totalCost += fcCost + perimPipingCost + perimWiringCost
+            end
+
+          elsif (zone_info[:sysname] =~ /4-pipe Fan Coil/i) || (obj_type =~ /OS_ZoneHVAC_FourPipeFanCoil/)
+            zone_info[:systype] = '4FC'
+            if (zone_info[:heatcapacity] > 0) || (zone_info[:coolcapacity] > 0)
+              # Hot water heating and chilled water cooling type fan coil unit
+              capacityFCUnit = zone_info[:coolcapacity] > zone_info[:heatcapacity] ?
+                                   zone_info[:coolcapacity] / zone.multiplier : zone_info[:heatcapacity] / zone.multiplier
+              numFCUnits = get_HVAC_multiplier('FanCoilHtgClgVent', capacityFCUnit)
+              # 4PFC unit cost (Note that same numFCUnits multiple applied within getHVACCost())
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost(zone_info[:sysname], 'FanCoilHtgClgVent', capacityFCUnit, false)
+              fcUnitCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+              # For each 4PFC unit there will be 2 shut-off valves, 4 Tee connections and 4 elbows to
+              # isolate the convector from the hot water loop distribution for servicing and balancing.
+              # Assumed unit piping is 1.25 inches in diameter.
+              # Cost of valves:
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('1.25 inch gate valve', 'ValvesGate', 1.25, true)
+              fcValvesCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0) * 2 * numFCUnits
+              # Cost of tees:
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('1.25 inch copper tees', 'CopperPipeTee', 1.25, true)
+              fcTeesCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0) * 4 * numFCUnits
+              # Cost of elbows:
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('1.25 inch copper elbows', 'CopperPipeElbow', 1.25, true)
+              fcElbowsCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0) * 4 * numFCUnits
+              # For each 4PFC unit there will be an electrical junction box (wiring costed with distribution - not here)
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('Electrical Outlet Box', 'Box', 1, true)
+              elecBoxCost = (matCost * reg_mat_elec / 100.0 + labCost * reg_lab_elec / 100.0) * numFCUnits
+              # Total 4PFC cost for this zone (excluding distribution piping):
+              fcCost = (fcUnitCost + fcValvesCost + fcTeesCost + fcElbowsCost + elecBoxCost) * zone.multiplier
+              zone_info[:heatcoolcost] = fcCost
+              zone_info[:num_units] = numFCUnits
+
+              # Cost for two sets supply/return piping
+              perimPipingCost = 2 * getPerimDistPipingCost(zone, nom_flr_hght, regional_material, regional_installation)
+              zone_info[:pipingcost] = perimPipingCost
+
+              perimWiringCost = getPerimDistWiringCost(zone, nom_flr_hght, reg_mat_elec, reg_lab_elec)
+              zone_info[:wiringcost] = perimWiringCost
+
+              totalCost += fcCost + perimPipingCost + perimWiringCost
+            end
+
+          elsif zone_info[:sysname] =~ /Unit Heater/i || zone_info[:sysname] =~ /Unitary/i
+            zone_info[:systype] = 'FUR'
+            # Two types of unit heaters: electric and gas
+            unitHeater = component.to_ZoneHVACUnitHeater.get
+            heatCoil = unitHeater.heatingCoil
+            if heatCoil.to_CoilHeatingGas.is_initialized   # TODO: Need to test this!
+              # The gas unit heaters are cabinet type with a burner and blower rather than the radiant type
+              gasCoil = heatCoil.to_CoilHeatingGas.get
+              if heatCoil.isNominalCapacityAutosized.to_bool
+                zone_info[:heatcapacity] = gasCoil.autosizedNominalCapacity.to_f/1000.0
+              else
+                zone_info[:heatcapacity] = gasCoil.nominalCapacity.to_f/1000.0
+              end
+              if zone_info[:heatcapacity] > 0
+                heatCapacity = zone_info[:heatcapacity] / zone.multiplier
+                numUnits = get_HVAC_multiplier('gasheater', heatCapacity)
+                # Unit cost (Note that same unit multiple applied within getHVACCost())
+                matCost, labCost = getHVACCost(zone_info[:sysname], 'gasheater', heatCapacity, false)
+                unitCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+                # For each unit heater there will be an electrical junction box (wiring costed with distribution - not here)
+                matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('Electrical Outlet Box', 'Box', 1, true)
+                elecBoxCost = (matCost * reg_mat_elec / 100.0 + labCost * reg_lab_elec / 100.0) * numUnits
+                # It is assumed that the gas unit heater(s) are located in the centre of this zone. An 8 in exhaust duct
+                # must be costed from the unit heater to the exterior via the roof. The centroid of this zone:
+                if zone_info[:flrnum] > 1
+                  zoneCentroidToRoof_Ft = 10 + nom_flr_hght * zone_info[:flrnum]
+                else
+                  zoneCentroidToRoof_Ft = 10
+                end
+                matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('Unit heater exhaust duct', 'Ductwork-S', 8, true)
+                exhaustductCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0) * zoneCentroidToRoof_Ft
+                zone_info[:heatcost] = (unitCost + elecBoxCost + exhaustductCost) * zone.multiplier
+                zone_info[:num_units] = numUnits
+
+                # Cost of gas line header for zone. Header is located in the centre of this zone's floor
+                mechRmInBsmt ? numFlrs = numAGFlrs + 1 : numFlrs = numAGFlrs
+                hdrGasLen = numFlrs * nom_flr_hght
+                # Gas line - first one in spreadsheet
+                matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('Central header gas line', 'GasLine', '')
+                hdrGasLineCost = hdrGasLen * (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+
+                # Cost of gas line from header (centre of flr) to unit heater (centre of zone)
+                #centreOfFloor = get_story_cent_to_edge( building_story: zone_info[:flrnum], prototype_creator: prototype_creator, target_cent: target_cent, full_length: false )
+                #centreOfSpace = get_space_floor_centroid(space:)
+                #gasLineLen = ABS(centreOfFloor - centreOfSpace)
+
+                # Cost of wiring header for zone
+
+                # Cost of wiring from header to unit heater
+
+
+                totalCost += zone_info[:heatcost] + hdrGasLineCost
+              end
+            elsif heatCoil.to_CoilHeatingElectric.is_initialized # Electric Unit Heater
+              elecCoil = heatCoil.to_CoilHeatingElectric.get
+              if elecCoil.isNominalCapacityAutosized.to_bool
+                zone_info[:heatcapacity] = elecCoil.autosizedNominalCapacity.to_f/1000.0
+              else
+                zone_info[:heatcapacity] = elecCoil.nominalCapacity.to_f/1000.0
+              end
+              if zone_info[:heatcapacity] > 0
+                heatCapacity = zone_info[:heatcapacity] / zone.multiplier
+                numUnits = get_HVAC_multiplier('elecheat', heatCapacity)
+                # Unit cost (Note that same unit multiple applied within getHVACCost())
+                matCost, labCost = getHVACCost(zone_info[:sysname], 'elecheat', heatCapacity, false)
+                unitCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+                # For each unit heater there will be an electrical junction box (wiring costed with distribution - not here)
+                matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('Electrical Outlet Box', 'Box', 1, true)
+                elecBoxCost = (matCost * reg_mat_elec / 100.0 + labCost * reg_lab_elec / 100.0) * numUnits
+                zone_info[:heatcost] = (unitCost + elecBoxCost) * zone.multiplier
+                zone_info[:num_units] = numUnits
+                # Cost of wiring to electric unit heater
+
+
+                totalCost += zone_info[:heatcost]
+              end
+            elsif heatCoil.to_CoilHeatingWater.is_initialized  # Hot water unit heater
+              waterCoil = heatCoil.to_CoilHeatingWater.get
+              if waterCoil.isRatedCapacityAutosized.to_bool
+                zone_info[:heatcapacity] = waterCoil.autosizedRatedCapacity.to_f/1000.0
+              else
+                zone_info[:heatcapacity] = waterCoil.ratedCapacity.to_f/1000.0
+              end
+              if zone_info[:heatcapacity] > 0
+                heatCapacity = zone_info[:heatcapacity] / zone.multiplier
+                # Max capacity for hot water heater is 75300 Watts
+                numUnits = get_HVAC_multiplier('hotwateruh', heatCapacity)
+                matCost, labCost = getHVACCost(zone_info[:sysname], 'hotwateruh', heatCapacity, false)
+                unitHtrCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+                # For each unit heater there will be a shut-off valve, 2 Tee connections and 2 elbows to
+                # isolate the convector from the hot water loop distribution for servicing and balancing.
+                # Cost of valves:
+                matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('1.25 inch gate valve', 'ValvesGate', 1.25, true)
+                unitHtrValvesCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0) * numUnits
+                # Cost of tees:
+                matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('1.25 inch copper tees', 'CopperPipeTee', 1.25, true)
+                unitHtrTeesCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0) * 2 * numUnits
+                # Cost of elbows:
+                matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('1.25 inch copper elbows', 'CopperPipeElbow', 1.25, true)
+                unitHtrElbowsCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0) * 2 * numUnits
+                # For each unit heater there will be an electrical junction box (wiring costed with distribution - not here)
+                matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('Electrical Outlet Box', 'Box', 1, true)
+                elecBoxCost = (matCost * reg_mat_elec / 100.0 + labCost * reg_lab_elec / 100.0) * numUnits
+                # Total convector cost for this zone (excluding distribution piping):
+                unitHeaterCost = (unitHtrCost + unitHtrValvesCost + unitHtrTeesCost + unitHtrElbowsCost + elecBoxCost) * zone.multiplier
+                zone_info[:heatcost] = unitHeaterCost
+                zone_info[:num_units] = numUnits
+                # Cost of distribution piping from header to unit heater
+
+
+                totalCost += unitHeaterCost
+              end
+            end
+          elsif zone_info[:sysname] =~ /WindowAC/i
+            zone_info[:systype] = 'WinAC'
+            # Cooling cost of WindowAC ...
+            if cooling_coil_name == 'nil'
+              # The cooling coil name doesn't exist so must use a different method to determine cooling
+              # capacity for window AC units!
+              query = "SELECT Value FROM ComponentSizes WHERE CompName='WindowAC' AND Units='W'"
+              coolCapVal = model.sqlFile().get().execAndReturnFirstDouble(query)
+              zone_info[:coolcapacity] = coolCapVal.to_f / 1000.0 # Watts -> kW
+            end
+            if zone_info[:coolcapacity] > 0
+              # DX cooling unit
+              coolCapacity = zone_info[:coolcapacity] / zone.multiplier
+              numUnits = get_HVAC_multiplier('WINAC', coolCapacity)
+              # Window AC unit cost (Note that same numUnits multiple applied within getHVACCost())
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost(zone_info[:sysname], 'WINAC', coolCapacity, false)
+              unitWinACCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+              # For each WinAC unit there will be an electrical junction box (wiring costed with distribution - not here)
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('Electrical Outlet Box', 'Box', 1, true)
+              elecBoxCost = (matCost * reg_mat_elec / 100.0 + labCost * reg_lab_elec / 100.0) * numUnits
+              # Total WinAC cost for this zone:
+              theWinACCost = (unitWinACCost + elecBoxCost) * zone.multiplier
+              zone_info[:coolcost] = theWinACCost
+              zone_info[:num_units] = numUnits
+              totalCost += theWinACCost
+            end
+          elsif zone_info[:sysname] =~ /Split/i
+            zone_info[:systype] = 'MiniSplit'
+            # Cooling cost of Mini-split AC ...
+            if cooling_coil_name == 'nil'
+              # The cooling coil name doesn't exist so must use a different method to determine cooling
+              # capacity for mini-spli units!
+              query = "SELECT Value FROM ComponentSizes WHERE CompName='WindowAC' AND Units='W'"
+              coolCapVal = model.sqlFile().get().execAndReturnFirstDouble(query)
+              zone_info[:coolcapacity] = coolCapVal.to_f / 1000.0 # Watts -> kW
+            end
+            if zone_info[:coolcapacity] > 0
+              # Mini-splt cooling unit
+              coolCapacity = zone_info[:coolcapacity] / zone.multiplier
+              numUnits = get_HVAC_multiplier('SplitSZWall', coolCapacity)
+              # PTAC unit cost (Note that same numUnits multiple applied within getHVACCost())
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost(zone_info[:sysname], 'PTAC', coolCapacity, false)
+              theMiniSplitUnitCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+              # For each PTAC unit there will be an electrical junction box (wiring costed with distribution - not here)
+              matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('Electrical Outlet Box', 'Box', 1, true)
+              elecBoxCost = (matCost * reg_mat_elec / 100.0 + labCost * reg_lab_elec / 100.0) * numUnits
+              # Total PTAC cost for this zone (excluding distribution piping):
+              theMiniSplitCost = (theMiniSplitUnitCost + elecBoxCost) * zone.multiplier
+              zone_info[:coolcost] = theMiniSplitCost
+              zone_info[:num_units] = numUnits
+              totalCost += theMiniSplitCost
+            end
+
+          end
+          # Add information to zonal costing report.
+          @costing_report['heating_and_cooling']['zonal_systems'] << {
+            'systype' => zone_info[:systype],
+            'zone_number' => numZones,
+            'zone_name' => zone_info[:zonename],
+            'zone_multiple' => zone_info[:multiplier],
+            'heat_capacity(kW)' => zone_info[:heatcapacity].round(1),
+            'cool_capacity(kW)' => zone_info[:coolcapacity].round(1),
+            'heat_cost' => zone_info[:heatcost].round(0),
+            'cool_cost' => zone_info[:coolcost].round(0),
+            'heatcool_cost' => zone_info[:heatcoolcost].round(0),
+            'piping_cost' => zone_info[:pipingcost].round(0),
+            'wiring_cost' => zone_info[:wiringcost].round(0),
+            'num_units' => zone_info[:num_units],
+            'cummultive_zonal_cost' => totalCost.round(0)
+          }
+        end # End of check of check of if zonal equipment exists
+      end # End of equipment loop
+    end # End of zone loop
+
+    # Get cost of zonal vrf systems
+    unless vrfSystemFloors[:vrfFloors].empty?
+      totalCost += getZonalVRFCosting(vrfSystemFloors: vrfSystemFloors, model: model, prototype_creator: prototype_creator, regMat: regional_material, regLab: regional_installation, cumulCost: totalCost)
+    end
+    puts "\nZonal systems costing data successfully generated. Total zonal systems costs: $#{totalCost.round(0)}"
+
+    return totalCost
+  end
+
+  def getHeaderPipingDistributionCost(numAGFlrs, mechRmInBsmt, regional_material, regional_installation, reg_elec_mat, reg_elec_inst, pumpFlow, horz_dist, nom_flr_hght)
+    # Hot water central header piping distribution costs. Note that the piping distribution cost
+    # of zone piping is done in the zonalsys_costing function
+
+    # Central header piping Cost
+    supHdrCost = 0; retHdrCost = 0
+    mechRmInBsmt ? numFlrs = numAGFlrs + 1 : numFlrs = numAGFlrs
+    if numFlrs < 3
+      # Header pipe is same diameter as distribution pipes to zone floors
+      supHdrLen = numFlrs * nom_flr_hght
+
+      # 1.25 inch Steel pipe
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('Header 1.25 inch steel pipe', 'SteelPipe', 1.25)
+      supHdrpipingCost = supHdrLen * (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+
+      # 1.25 inch Steel pipe insulation
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('Header 1.25 inch pipe insulation', 'PipeInsulation', 1.25)
+      supHdrInsulCost = supHdrLen * (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+
+      # 1.25 inch gate valves
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('Header 1.25 inch gate valves', 'ValvesGate', 1.25)
+      supHdrValvesCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+
+      # 1.25 inch tee
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('Header 1.25 inch steel tee', 'SteelPipeTee', 1.25)
+      supHdrTeeCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+
+      supHdrCost = supHdrpipingCost + supHdrInsulCost + supHdrValvesCost + supHdrTeeCost
+      retHdrCost = supHdrCost
+    else  # Greater than 3 floors (including basement)
+      # Use pumpFlow to determine pipe size
+      if pumpFlow <= 0.0001262
+        hdrPipeSize = 0.5
+      elsif pumpFlow > 0.0001262 && pumpFlow <= 0.0002524
+        hdrPipeSize = 0.75
+      elsif pumpFlow > 0.0002524 && pumpFlow <= 0.0005047
+        hdrPipeSize = 1.0
+      elsif pumpFlow > 0.0005047 && pumpFlow <= 0.0010090
+        hdrPipeSize = 1.25
+      elsif pumpFlow > 0.0010090 && pumpFlow <= 0.0015773
+        hdrPipeSize = 1.5
+      elsif pumpFlow > 0.0015773 && pumpFlow <= 0.0031545
+        hdrPipeSize = 2.0
+      elsif pumpFlow > 0.0031545
+        hdrPipeSize = 2.5
+      end
+
+      hdrPipeLen = horz_dist + nom_flr_hght * numFlrs
+
+      # Steel pipe
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost("Header Steel Pipe - #{hdrPipeSize} inch", 'SteelPipe', hdrPipeSize)
+      supHdrpipingCost = hdrPipeLen * (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+
+      # Steel pipe insulation
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost("Header Pipe Insulation - #{hdrPipeSize} inch", 'PipeInsulation', hdrPipeSize)
+      supHdrInsulCost = hdrPipeLen * (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+
+      # Gate valves
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost("Header Gate Valves - #{hdrPipeSize} inch", 'ValvesGate', hdrPipeSize)
+      supHdrValvesCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+
+      # Tee
+      matCost, labCost = getHVACCost("Header Steel Tee - #{hdrPipeSize} inch", 'SteelPipeTee', hdrPipeSize)
+      supHdrTeeCost = (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+
+      supHdrCost = supHdrpipingCost + supHdrInsulCost + supHdrValvesCost + supHdrTeeCost
+      retHdrCost = supHdrCost
+    end
+
+    hdrPipeCost = supHdrCost + retHdrCost
+
+    # Electrical header costs. Central electric header cost for zonal heatingunits
+    hdrLen = numFlrs * nom_flr_hght
+
+    # Conduit - only one spreadsheet entry
+    matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('Header Metal conduit', 'Conduit', '')
+    hdrConduitCost = hdrLen * (matCost * reg_elec_mat / 100.0 + labCost * reg_elec_inst / 100.0)
+
+    # Wiring - size 10
+    matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('Header No 10 Wiring', 'Wiring', 10)
+    hdrWireCost = hdrLen / 100 * (matCost * reg_elec_mat / 100.0 + labCost * reg_elec_inst / 100.0)
+
+    # Box - size 4
+    matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('Header 4 inch deep Box', 'Box', 4)
+    hdrBoxCost = numFlrs * (matCost * reg_elec_mat / 100.0 + labCost * reg_elec_inst / 100.0)
+
+    elecHdrCost = hdrConduitCost + hdrWireCost + hdrBoxCost
+
+    # Central gas header cost will be determined in zonalsys_costing function since
+    # this cost depends on existence of at least one gas-fired unit heater in building.
+
+    hdrDistributionCost = hdrPipeCost + elecHdrCost
+
+    return hdrDistributionCost
+  end
+
+  def getPerimDistPipingCost(zone, nom_flr_hght, regional_material, regional_installation)
+    # Get perimeter distribution piping cost
+    extWallArea = 0.0
+    perimPipingCost = 0.0
+    zone.spaces.sort.each do |space|
+      if space.spaceType.empty? or space.spaceType.get.standardsSpaceType.empty? or space.spaceType.get.standardsBuildingType.empty?
+        raise ("standards Space type and building type is not defined for space:#{space.name.get}. Skipping this space for costing.")
+      end
+      extWallArea += OpenStudio.convert(space.exteriorWallArea.to_f,"m^2","ft^2").get  # sq.ft.
+    end
+    perimTotal = ( extWallArea / nom_flr_hght ) * zone.multiplier
+
+    # 1.25 inch Steel pipe
+    matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('Perimeter Distribution - 1.25 inch steel pipe', 'SteelPipe', 1.25)
+    perimPipingCost = perimTotal * (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+
+    # 1.25 inch Steel pipe insulation
+    matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('Perimeter Distribution - 1.25 inch pipe insulation', 'PipeInsulation', 1.25)
+    perimPipingCost += perimTotal * (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+
+    return perimPipingCost
+  end
+
+  def getPerimDistWiringCost(zone, nom_flr_hght, regional_material, regional_installation)
+    # Get perimeter distribution wiring cost
+    extWallArea = 0.0
+    perimWiringCost = 0.0
+    zone.spaces.sort.each do |space|
+      if space.spaceType.empty? or space.spaceType.get.standardsSpaceType.empty? or space.spaceType.get.standardsBuildingType.empty?
+        raise ("standards Space type and building type is not defined for space:#{space.name.get}. Skipping this space for costing.")
+      end
+      extWallArea += OpenStudio.convert(space.exteriorWallArea.to_f,"m^2","ft^2").get  # sq.ft.
+    end
+    perimTotal = ( extWallArea / nom_flr_hght ) * zone.multiplier
+
+    # Conduit - only one spreadsheet entry
+    matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('Perimeter Distribution - Metal conduit', 'Conduit', '')
+    perimWiringCost = perimTotal * (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+
+    # Wiring - size 10
+    matCost, labCost = getHVACCost('Perimeter Distribution - No 10 Wiring', 'Wiring', 10)
+    perimWiringCost += perimTotal / 100 * (matCost * regional_material / 100.0 + labCost * regional_installation / 100.0)
+
+    return perimWiringCost
+  end
+
+  # Get information on Zonal VRF System in a Thermal Zone
+  def getZonalVRFInfo(zone:, model:, prototype_creator:, zonalSys:, vrfSystemFloors:, regMat:, regLab:, numZones:)
+    #Get heating and cooling coil objects
+    heatingCoil = zonalSys.heatingCoil.get.to_CoilHeatingDXVariableRefrigerantFlow.get
+    coolingCoil = zonalSys.coolingCoil.get.to_CoilCoolingDXVariableRefrigerantFlow.get
+
+    # Get heating capacity
+    if heatingCoil.isRatedTotalHeatingCapacityAutosized.to_bool
+      heatingCapkW = heatingCoil.autosizedRatedTotalHeatingCapacity.to_f/1000.0
+    else
+      heatingCapkW = (heatingCoil.ratedTotalHeatingCapacity).to_f/1000.0
+    end
+
+    # Get cooling capacity
+    if coolingCoil.isRatedTotalCoolingCapacityAutosized.to_bool
+      coolingCapkW = coolingCoil.autosizedRatedTotalCoolingCapacity.to_f/1000.0
+    else
+      coolingCapkW = coolingCoil.grossRatedTotalCoolingCapacityAtSelectedNominalSpeedLevel.to_f/1000.0
+    end
+
+    # Get the multiplier for the thermal zone
+    zoneMult = zone.multiplier
+
+    # Set capacity to the highest of the heating or cooling capacity and adjust for the thermal zone multiplier
+    heatingCapkW >= coolingCapkW ? totalCapkW = heatingCapkW/zoneMult : totalCapkW = coolingCapkW/zoneMult
+
+    # Get the thermal zone (TZ) and collect information on:
+    # The TZ name.
+    # The TZ capacity.
+    # The spaces associated with the TZ.
+    # The floors the spaces occupy.
+    # The total ceiling area and floor area for each floor the spaces occupy.
+    # The centroid of all of the spaces on a given floor (this may be outside of the spaces for some geometries)
+    # The building story names and objects associated with a thermal zone.
+    # the ceiling and floor area of the spaces associated with it for each floor they occupy
+    # The capacity of the TZ on a given floor (calculated at total capacity * floor area of TZ spaces on floor/total TZ floor area)
+    # The VRF ceiling mounts required and associated cost
+    # The VRF system controllers cost
+    tzFloorsInfo = prototype_creator.thermal_zone_get_centroid_per_floor(zone)
+    tzFloorsInfo.each do |tzFloor|
+      tzStoryFloorArea_m2 = 0
+      tzSpaceMults = []
+      tzFloor[:spaces].each do |tz_space|
+        tzStoryFloorArea_m2 += tz_space.floorArea.to_f
+        tzSpaceMults << tz_space.multiplier.to_f
+      end
+      tzFloorCapkW = totalCapkW * tzStoryFloorArea_m2 / zone.floorArea.to_f
+      # Get the VRF Ceiling mount information and cost
+      vrfCeilMountInfo = getHVACDBInfo(name: "VRF Ceiling Mount", materialLookup: "VRF-CeilingMount", materialSize: tzFloorCapkW, exactMatch: false)
+      # Get VRF Ceiling mount cost.
+      material, labour = getCost(vrfCeilMountInfo[:name], vrfCeilMountInfo[:hvac_material], vrfCeilMountInfo[:multiplier])
+      # The multiplier (number of units required to meet the demand) is already included in the material and labour cost.
+      vrfCeilMountCost = (material*regMat + labour*regLab) / 100.0
+      # Get the VRF System Controller Cost (for 1 controller)
+      material, labour = getHVACCost("VRF System Controller", 'VRF-Sys-Controller', nil, true)
+      # Since material and labour are for 1 controller the multiplier is added here.
+      vrfSysContCost = (material * regMat + labour * regLab) * vrfCeilMountInfo[:multiplier] / 100.0
+
+      # Put the thermal zone information for the floor into a hash.
+      tzFloorInfo = {
+        tzName: zone.name.to_s,
+        tzNum: numZones,
+        tzFloorName: tzFloor[:story_name],
+        tzFloorCeilingAream2: tzFloor[:ceiling_area],
+        tzMult: zoneMult,
+        tzSpaces: tzFloor[:spaces],
+        tzSpaceMults: tzSpaceMults,
+        tzFloorArea_m2: tzStoryFloorArea_m2,
+        tzFloorCapkW: tzFloorCapkW,
+        tzCentroid: tzFloor[:centroid],
+        vrfCeilMountInfo: vrfCeilMountInfo,
+        vrfCeilMountCost: vrfCeilMountCost,
+        vrfSysContCost: vrfSysContCost
+      }
+
+      # Add the TZ information for the floor to a hash containing all of the thermal zones.
+      vrfSystemFloors = compileZonalVRFFloors(vrfSystemFloors: vrfSystemFloors, tzFloor: tzFloorInfo)
+    end
+    return vrfSystemFloors
+  end
+
+  # Cost zonal VRF systems including zone equipment (ceiling units and associated tubing and wiring), floor equipment (
+  # branch distributor on each floor), VRF system condenser (assumed one on rooftop and another every 50m), and piping
+  # and wiring linking the branch distributors to one another and to the condensers.
+  #
+  # Takes in:
+  # vrfSystemFloors = {
+  #         maxCeil(float):  The height of the thermal zone served by a VRF system with the highest ceiling in the
+  #                          building.  This is referenced to the global origin for the building.  The units are m.
+  #         lowCeil(float):  The height of the thermal zone served by a VRF system with the lowest ceiling in the
+  #                          building.  This is referenced to the global origin for the building.  The units are m.
+  #         vrfFloors(array):  [
+  #           storyName(string):  Name of the current floor (story).
+  #           buildStoryObj(Obj):  The OpenStudio object associated with the current floor (story).
+  #           floorAream2:  Total floor area (m2) of thermal zones on the current floor served by VRF systems.  Does not
+  #                         include multipliers.
+  #           floorCeillingAream2:  The Total ceiling area (m2) of thermal zones on the current floor served by VRF
+  #                                 systems.  Does not include multipliers.
+  #           floorTZs(array):  An array containing each tzFloor hash described above for the current floor.
+  #
+  #         ]
+  #       }
+  # model(hash):  OpenStudio building model.
+  # prototype_creator(object):  OpenStudio-Standards object for whichever version of NECB was used to create the model.
+  # regMat(float):  HVAC regional cost factor for materiel.
+  # regLab(float):  HVAC regional cost factor for labour.
+  # cumulCost(float):  Cumulative zonal system cost.
+  #
+  # Output(float):  Total cost for VRF system.  Also adds information to @costing_report for condenser(s), VRF zonal
+  #                 systems, and branch distributors.
+  def getZonalVRFCosting(vrfSystemFloors:, model:, prototype_creator:, regMat:, regLab:, cumulCost:)
+    # Include empty array in costing report for branch distributor costs on each floor
+    @costing_report['heating_and_cooling']['floor_systems'] = []
+    total_cost = 0
+    vrfWireInfo = getHVACDBInfo(name: "VRF Wiring", materialLookup: "wiring", materialSize: 10, exactMatch: true)
+    regMatElec, regLabElec = get_regional_cost_factors(@costing_report['province_state'], @costing_report['city'], vrfWireInfo[:hvac_material])
+
+    # Find the center of the highest roof
+    roof_cent_info = prototype_creator.find_highest_roof_centre(model)
+    roof_cent = roof_cent_info[:roof_centroid]
+    # Find the distance between the highest roof and the ceiling of the lowest space served by a VRF system
+    maxHeightDiff = (roof_cent[2] - vrfSystemFloors[:lowCeil]).to_f.round(8)
+    # Find the roof height for the condenensate line cost.  If the maxHeightDiff includes basement spaces use it,
+    # otherwise use the height of the roof.
+    maxHeightDiff > roof_cent[2].to_f.round(8) ? roofHeight = maxHeightDiff : roofHeight = roof_cent[2].to_f.round(8)
+    # Get the condenser cost
+    vrfCondenserCost = costVRFCondenser(model: model, maxHeightDiff: maxHeightDiff, regMat: regMat, regLab: regLab, regMatElec: regMatElec, regLabElec:regLabElec, roofHeight: roofHeight)
+    total_cost += vrfCondenserCost
+    vrfSystemFloors[:vrfFloors].each do |currFloor|
+      vrfDistWallInfo = getWallWithLargestArea(currFloor: currFloor)
+      vrfDistWallCent = vrfDistWallInfo[:wallCent]
+      totalFloorCapkW = 0
+      totalFloorCeilUnits = 0
+      floorMults = []
+      currFloor[:floorTZs].each do |floorTZ|
+        zoneWallLengthm = (vrfDistWallCent[0] - floorTZ[:tzCentroid][0]).abs + (vrfDistWallCent[1] - floorTZ[:tzCentroid][1]).abs
+        zoneWallLengthft = (OpenStudio.convert(zoneWallLengthm, 'm', 'ft').get)
+        elecLength = zoneWallLengthft + 10.0 * (floorTZ[:vrfCeilMountInfo][:multiplier] - 1)
+
+        # Get the zone refrigerant tubing cost (tubing running from the ceiling units to the brancd distributers).  A
+        # Size of 50 is used for interior refrigerant tubing while 10 is used for the exterior tubing used between the
+        # branch distributors and the condensers.
+        zoneRefrigTubingMat, zoneRefrigTubingLab = getHVACCost("VRF Zone Refrigerant Tubing", 'Refrig-tubing', 50, true)
+        # Refrigerant tubing comes in 50 ft rolls
+        zoneRefrigTubingCost = ((zoneRefrigTubingMat * regMat + zoneRefrigTubingLab * regLab) / 100) * elecLength / 50.0
+
+        # Include condensate line tubing cost
+        zoneCondTubingMat, zoneCondTubingLab = getHVACCost('VRF Zone Condensate Line Tubing', 'PEX_tubing', 0.5, true)
+        zoneCondTubingCost = ((zoneCondTubingMat * regMat + zoneCondTubingLab * regLab) / 100) * elecLength
+
+        # Include coupler cost for condensate line
+        zoneCondCouplingMat, zoneCondCouplingLab = getHVACCost('VRF Zone Condensate Line Couplers', 'PVC_coupling', 0.5, true)
+        zoneCondCouplingCost = ((zoneCondCouplingMat * regMat + zoneCondCouplingLab * regLab) / 100) * floorTZ[:vrfCeilMountInfo][:multiplier]
+
+        # Include tee cost for condensate line
+        zoneCondTeeMat, zoneCondTeeLab = getHVACCost('VRF Zone Condensate Line Tees', 'PVC_tee', 0.5, true)
+        zoneCondTeeCost = ((zoneCondTeeMat * regMat + zoneCondTeeLab * regLab) / 100) * floorTZ[:vrfCeilMountInfo][:multiplier]
+
+        # Total condensate line cost
+        zoneCondLineCost = zoneCondTubingCost + zoneCondCouplingCost + zoneCondTeeCost
+
+        # Get the wiring cost
+        zoneWiringMat, zoneWiringLab = getCost(vrfWireInfo[:name], vrfWireInfo[:hvac_material], vrfWireInfo[:multiplier])
+        zoneWiringCost = ((zoneWiringMat*regMatElec + zoneWiringLab*regLabElec)/100)*elecLength/100
+
+        # Get the conduit cost
+        zoneConduitMat, zoneConduitLab = getHVACCost("VRF Zone Conduit", 'Conduit', nil, true)
+        zoneConduitCost = ((zoneConduitMat*regMatElec + zoneConduitLab*regLabElec)/100)*elecLength
+
+        # Get the total cost
+        totalZoneCost = (zoneRefrigTubingCost + zoneCondLineCost + zoneWiringCost + zoneConduitCost + floorTZ[:vrfCeilMountCost] + floorTZ[:vrfSysContCost])*floorTZ[:tzMult]
+
+        total_cost += totalZoneCost
+
+        cumulCost += total_cost
+        # Add zonal cost to report
+        @costing_report['heating_and_cooling']['zonal_systems'] << {
+          'systype' => 'zonalVRF',
+          'zone_number' => floorTZ[:tzNum],
+          'zone_name' => floorTZ[:tzName],
+          'zone_multiple' => floorTZ[:tzMult],
+          'heat_capacity(kW)' => floorTZ[:tzFloorCapkW].round(1),
+          'cool_capacity(kW)' => floorTZ[:tzFloorCapkW].round(1),
+          'heat_cost' => 0.00,
+          'cool_cost' => 0.00,
+          'heatcool_cost' => ((floorTZ[:vrfCeilMountCost] + floorTZ[:vrfSysContCost]) * floorTZ[:tzMult]).round(0),
+          'piping_cost' => ((zoneRefrigTubingCost + zoneCondLineCost) * floorTZ[:tzMult]).round(0),
+          'wiring_cost' => ((zoneWiringCost + zoneConduitCost) * floorTZ[:tzMult]).round(0),
+          'num_units' => floorTZ[:vrfCeilMountInfo][:multiplier],
+          'cummultive_zonal_cost' => cumulCost.round(0)
+        }
+        totalFloorCapkW += floorTZ[:tzFloorCapkW]
+        totalFloorCeilUnits += floorTZ[:vrfCeilMountInfo][:multiplier]
+        # Determine the distribution of thermal zone multipliers on the floor.  For each thermal zone on the floor get
+        # the multiplier.  If the same multiplier is already in the arry then add 1 to the number of occurrences of that
+        # multiplier.  If the multiplier is not in the array then add the multiplier to the array with an occurrence of
+        # one.
+        if floorMults.empty?
+          floorMults << {
+            zoneMult: floorTZ[:tzMult],
+            numMults: 1
+          }
+        else
+          numFloorMult = floorMults.select{|data| data[:zoneMult] == floorTZ[:tzMult]}
+          if numFloorMult.empty?
+            floorMults << {
+              zoneMult: floorTZ[:tzMult],
+              numMults: 1
+            }
+          else
+            numFloorMult[0][:numMults] += 1
+          end
+        end
+      end
+      # Find the number of and type of branch distributors which meet the number of ceiling unit criteria and capacity
+      # criteria.  Costing for a separate, smaller, branch distributor may be returned if multiple branch distributors
+      # are required to meet the connection or load requirements.  In this case this smaller branch distributor will
+      # meet any connection or capacity remaining from the main equipment*(multiplier - 1).  In some cases most of the
+      # requirements may be met by the (multiplier - 1)*equipment and a much smaller piece of equipment can be used for
+      # the remaining requipments.
+      vrfBranchDistInfo, vrfBranchDistInfoRed= getHVACMultiSizeDBInfo(name: 'VRF Branch Distributors', materialLookup: 'VRF-Solenoid', materialCap: totalFloorCapkW, materialCon: totalFloorCeilUnits)
+      # Get the branch distributor cost
+      vrfBranchDistMat, vrfBranchDistLab = getCost(vrfBranchDistInfo[:name], vrfBranchDistInfo[:hvac_material], vrfBranchDistInfo[:multiplier])
+      vrfBranchDistCost = (vrfBranchDistMat*regMat + vrfBranchDistLab*regLab)/100
+      # Using the distribution of zone multipliers on the floor find which appears most often.
+      initMaxMult = floorMults.max_by{|data| data[:numMults]}
+      # If several different zone multipliers appear the same number of times then choose the largest zone multiplier
+      floorMultsMatch = floorMults.select{|data| data[:numMults] == initMaxMult[:numMults]}
+      if floorMultsMatch.size > 1
+        maxMult = floorMultsMatch.max_by{|data| data[:zoneMult]}[:zoneMult]
+      else
+        maxMult = initMaxMult[:zoneMult]
+      end
+      # multiply the branch distributer cost by the floor multiplier
+      totalVRFBranchDistCost = vrfBranchDistCost*maxMult
+
+      # Add branch distributor cost to report
+      @costing_report['heating_and_cooling']['floor_systems'] << {
+        'systype' => 'VRFBranchDistributor',
+        'floor_name' => currFloor[:storyName],
+        'floor_multiple' => maxMult,
+        'heat_capacity(kW)' => totalFloorCapkW.round(1),
+        'cool_capacity(kW)' => totalFloorCapkW.round(1),
+        'num_ceiling_units' => totalFloorCeilUnits,
+        'heatcool_cost' => totalVRFBranchDistCost.round(0),
+        'num_units' => vrfBranchDistInfo[:multiplier],
+        'total_floor_cost' => totalVRFBranchDistCost.round(0)
+      }
+
+      total_cost += totalVRFBranchDistCost
+
+      # Check if a smaller piece of equipment was found to meet the requirements remaining after removing the
+      # (multiplier-1) requirements.
+      unless vrfBranchDistInfoRed.nil?
+        # Get the branch distributor cost
+        vrfBranchDistRedMat, vrfBranchDistRedLab = getCost(vrfBranchDistInfo[:name], vrfBranchDistInfoRed[:red_ret_hash], 1.0)
+        vrfBranchDistRedCost = (vrfBranchDistRedMat*regMat + vrfBranchDistRedLab*regLab)/100
+
+        # multiply the branch distributer cost by the floor multiplier
+        totalVRFBranchDistRedCost = vrfBranchDistRedCost*maxMult
+
+        # Add branch distributor cost to report
+        @costing_report['heating_and_cooling']['floor_systems'] << {
+          'systype' => 'VRFBranchDistributor',
+          'floor_name' => currFloor[:storyName],
+          'floor_multiple' => maxMult,
+          'heat_capacity(kW)' => vrfBranchDistInfoRed[:numCap].to_f.round(1),
+          'cool_capacity(kW)' => vrfBranchDistInfoRed[:numCap].to_f.round(1),
+          'num_ceiling_units' => vrfBranchDistInfoRed[:numCon].to_f.round(1),
+          'heatcool_cost' => totalVRFBranchDistRedCost.round(0),
+          'num_units' => 1.0,
+          'total_floor_cost' => totalVRFBranchDistRedCost.round(0)
+        }
+        total_cost += totalVRFBranchDistRedCost
+      end
+    end
+    return total_cost
+  end
+
+  # This method takes information about a thermal zone served by a VRF system (tzFloor) and adds it to the collection of
+  # thermal zones also served by VRF systems on the same floor.  The ultimate output (once all thermal zones are read)
+  # is an array of hashes.  Each entry in the array represents a floor of the building.  Each floor entry contains
+  # information about thermal zones served by VRF systems on that floor.
+  #
+  # The information on the thermal zone served by a VRF system on a given floor is contained in tzFloor.  The overall
+  # collection of thermal zone information by floors is contained in vrfSystemFloors.  This method modifies
+  # vrfSystemFloors which is why that is an input and output for the method.  Both tzFloor and vrfSystemFloors are
+  # described below:
+  # Input:
+  #       tzFloor = {
+  #         tzName(string): Name of the thermal zone.
+  #         tzFloorName(string): Name of the floor the thermal zone is on (or if the TZ is on multiple floors the
+  #                              name of the current floor being looked at for the thermal zone).
+  #         tzFloorCeilingAream2(float): The ceiling area (m2) of the thermal zone on the given floor (this is for the
+  #                                      current thermal zone only and does not include multiples).
+  #         tzMult(float): The multiplier for the thermal zone (that is the thermal zone is modeled as tzMult number
+  #                        of identical thermal zones).
+  #         tzSpaces(array): An array containing all of the space objects contained by the thermal zone on the given
+  #                          floor.
+  #         tzSpaceMults(array): An array containing all of the multipliers for the spaces in tzSpaces (probably all the
+  #                              same as tzMult but I added it anyway).
+  #         tzFloorArea_m2(float): The floor area (m2) of all of the spaces in the thermal zone on the given floor (this
+  #                                is for the current thermal zone only and does not include multiples).
+  #         tzFloorCapkW(float): The capacity (kW) of the thermal zone VRF system for the current floor.  It is the
+  #                              highest of the heating and cooling capacities for the VRF system.  It dose not include
+  #                              multipliers and is only for the current floor.  If the same thermal zone spans multiple
+  #                              floors then this is the total copacity for the thermal zone times tzFloorArea_m2
+  #                              divided by the total floor area for the thermal zone.
+  #         tzCentroid(array):  This is an array containing three items.  These items ore x, y and z coordinates of the
+  #                             centroid of the current thermal zone on the current floor referenced to the global
+  #                             origin for the building.  The units are in m.  Note that, depending on the shape of the
+  #                             thermal zone on the current floor, the centroid may not actually lie in the thermal
+  #                             zone (e.g. for an L shaped thermal zone the centroid may be outside the L).
+  #         vrfCeilMountInfo(hash): This is a hash containing the costing information, from the costing spreadsheet, for
+  #                                 the VRF ceiling mounts serving the thermal zone on the current floor.  It is only
+  #                                 for the current floor and does not include tz multipliers.
+  #         vrfCeilMountCost(float): The cost of the VRF ceiling mounts serving the thermal zone on the current floor.
+  #                                  It is only for the current floor and does not include tz multipliers.
+  #         vrfSysContCost: The cost of the VRF system controllers that are associated with each VRF ceiling mount.  It
+  #                         is only for the current floor and does not include tz multipliers.
+  #       }
+  #
+  #       vrfSystemFloors = {
+  #         maxCeil(float):  The height of the thermal zone served by a VRF system with the highest ceiling in the
+  #                          building.  This is referenced to the global origin for the building.  The units are m.
+  #         lowCeil(float):  The height of the thermal zone served by a VRF system with the lowest ceiling in the
+  #                          building.  This is referenced to the global origin for the building.  The units are m.
+  #         vrfFloors(array):  [
+  #           storyName(string):  Name of the current floor (story).
+  #           buildStoryObj(Obj):  The OpenStudio object associated with the current floor (story).
+  #           floorAream2:  Total floor area (m2) of thermal zones on the current floor served by VRF systems.  Does not
+  #                         include multipliers.
+  #           floorCeillingAream2:  The Total ceiling area (m2) of thermal zones on the current floor served by VRF
+  #                                 systems.  Does not include multipliers.
+  #           floorTZs(array):  An array containing each tzFloor hash described above for the current floor.
+  #
+  #         ]
+  #       }
+  #
+  def compileZonalVRFFloors(vrfSystemFloors:, tzFloor:)
+    # Check for the highest ceiling and lowest ceiling.
+    vrfSystemFloors[:maxCeil] = tzFloor[:tzCentroid][2].to_f if tzFloor[:tzCentroid][2].to_f >= vrfSystemFloors[:maxCeil].to_f
+    vrfSystemFloors[:lowCeil] = tzFloor[:tzCentroid][2].to_f if tzFloor[:tzCentroid][2].to_f <= vrfSystemFloors[:lowCeil].to_f
+    # If this is the first time vrfSystemFloors has been used add a new floor and enter the information for tzFloor in
+    # it.
+    if vrfSystemFloors[:vrfFloors].empty?
+      vrfSystemFloors[:vrfFloors] << {
+        storyName: tzFloor[:tzFloorName],
+        buildStoryObj: tzFloor[:tzSpaces][0].buildingStory.get,
+        floorAream2: tzFloor[:tzFloorArea_m2],
+        floorCeilingAream2: tzFloor[:tzFloorCeilingAream2],
+        floorTZs: [tzFloor]
+      }
+    else
+      # If vrfSystemFloors has been used check if the the floor that tzFloor is on has an entry already.
+      vrfFloor = vrfSystemFloors[:vrfFloors].select{|sysFloor| sysFloor[:storyName].to_s.upcase == tzFloor[:tzFloorName].to_s.upcase}
+      # If no entry has been made for the floor tzFloor is on then add a new floor and include the tzFloor info.
+      if vrfFloor.empty?
+        vrfSystemFloors[:vrfFloors] << {
+          storyName: tzFloor[:tzFloorName],
+          buildStoryObj: tzFloor[:tzSpaces][0].buildingStory.get,
+          floorAream2: tzFloor[:tzFloorArea_m2],
+          floorCeilingAream2: tzFloor[:tzFloorCeilingAream2],
+          floorTZs: [tzFloor]
+        }
+      else
+        # If the floor that tzFloor is on has already been made then adjust the floor information to include tzFloor.
+        vrfFloor[0][:floorAream2] += tzFloor[:tzFloorArea_m2]
+        vrfFloor[0][:floorCeilingAream2] += tzFloor[:tzFloorCeilingAream2]
+        vrfFloor[0][:floorTZs] << tzFloor
+      end
+    end
+    return vrfSystemFloors
+  end
+
+  # This method finds and returns the outside wall with the largest area on a given building story.  It takes in:
+  #         currFloor = {
+  #           storyName(string):  Name of the current floor (story).
+  #           buildStoryObj(Obj):  The OpenStudio object associated with the current floor (story).
+  #           floorAream2:  Total floor area (m2) of thermal zones on the current floor served by VRF systems.  Does not
+  #                         include multipliers.
+  #           floorCeillingAream2:  The Total ceiling area (m2) of thermal zones on the current floor served by VRF
+  #                                 systems.  Does not include multipliers.
+  #           floorTZs(array):  An array containing each tzFloor hash described above for the current floor.
+  #
+  #         }
+  # It returns a hash containing the following:
+  # wallRetHash = {
+  #         largestOutsideWallObj(OS Object):  OpenStudio surface object with the largest gross area that has a 'wall'
+  #                                            surface type and an 'Outdoors' outside boundary condition.
+  #         wallCentObj(array of floats):  OpenStudio point3d object containing the x, y, z coordinates of the wall above
+  #                                  wall's centroid.  In local coordinate system.
+  #         wallCentOrigin(array of OS Objects):  Coordinates of the local wall origin in the absolute building
+  #                                               coordinate system.
+  #         wallCent(array of floats):  Coordinates of the wall's centroid in floats referenced to the building
+  #                                     coordinate system.
+  # }
+  def getWallWithLargestArea(currFloor:)
+    outsideWalls = []
+    # Get all the spaces associated with the building story
+    floorSpaces = currFloor[:buildStoryObj].spaces
+    # Cycle through each space associated with the building story.
+    floorSpaces.each do |floorSpace|
+      # Get the surfaces in the spcae which have a 'Wall' Surface Type and an 'Outdoors' outside boundary condition.
+      spaceOutWalls = floorSpace.surfaces.select{|surf| surf.surfaceType.to_s.upcase == 'WALL' && ((surf.outsideBoundaryCondition.to_s.upcase == 'OUTDOORS') || (surf.outsideBoundaryCondition.to_s.upcase == 'GROUND') || (surf.outsideBoundaryCondition.to_s.upcase == 'FOUNDATION'))}
+      # Add these surfaces to the array containing outdoor walls.
+      spaceOutWalls.each{|outWall| outsideWalls << outWall}
+    end
+    # Find and return the outside wall object with the largest gross area.
+    largestWall = outsideWalls.sort.max_by{|outWall| outWall.grossArea.to_f}
+    largestWallSpace = largestWall.space.get
+    largestWallSpaceOrigin = [
+      largestWallSpace.xOrigin,
+      largestWallSpace.yOrigin,
+      largestWallSpace.zOrigin
+    ]
+    wallCentObj = largestWall.centroid
+    wallCent = [
+      wallCentObj.x.to_f + largestWallSpaceOrigin[0].to_f,
+      wallCentObj.y.to_f + largestWallSpaceOrigin[1].to_f,
+      wallCentObj.z.to_f + largestWallSpaceOrigin[2].to_f
+    ]
+    wallRetHash = {
+      largestOutsideWallObj: largestWall,
+      wallCentObj: wallCentObj,
+      wallCentOrigin: largestWallSpaceOrigin,
+      wallCent: wallCent
+    }
+    return wallRetHash
+  end
+
+  # Costing for the VRF Condenser(s) and the wiring and piping conecting the Condenser(s) to the branch distributors
+  # on each floor of the building with thermal zones served by a VRF system.
+  #
+  # Taking in:
+  # model(hash): OpenStudio building model
+  # maxHeightDiff(float, m):  Difference between height of highest ceiling and ceiling of lowest space served by a VRF
+  #                           system.
+  # regMat(float):  HVAC regional cost factor for material.
+  # regLab(float):  HVAC regional cost factor for labour.
+  # RegMatElec(float):  Electrical regional cost factor for material.
+  # RegLabElec(float):  Electrical regional cost factor for labour.
+  #
+  # Returns:
+  # Total VRF condensor cost (also adds information to @costing_report).
+  def costVRFCondenser(model:, maxHeightDiff:, regMat:, regLab:, regMatElec:, regLabElec:, roofHeight:)
+    # VRF systems have a maximum height difference of 50m.  If the height difference calculated above is greater than
+    # 50m then determine how many VRF condensers are required (one every 50m)
+    numVRFheight = 1.0
+    if maxHeightDiff > 50.0
+      (maxHeightDiff % 50.0).round(1) > 0.0 ? numVRFheight = (maxHeightDiff / 50.0).to_i.to_f + 1.0 : numVRFheight = (maxHeightDiff / 50.0).to_f.round(0)
+    end
+    # Get the VRF condenser and calculate the overall capacity as the largest of the heating or cooling capacities.
+    vrfCond = model.getAirConditionerVariableRefrigerantFlows[0]
+    if vrfCond.isGrossRatedHeatingCapacityAutosized.to_bool
+      heatingCapkW = vrfCond.autosizedGrossRatedHeatingCapacity.to_f/1000.0
+    else
+      heatingCapkW = vrfCond.grossRatedHeatingCapacity.to_f/1000.0
+    end
+    if vrfCond.isGrossRatedTotalCoolingCapacityAutosized.to_bool
+      coolingCapkW = vrfCond.autosizedGrossRatedTotalCoolingCapacity.to_f/1000.0
+    else
+      coolingCapkW = vrfCond.grossRatedTotalCoolingCapacity.to_f/1000.0
+    end
+    heatingCapkW >= coolingCapkW ? vrfCondCapkW = heatingCapkW : vrfCondCapkW = coolingCapkW
+    # If more than one VRF condenser is present because of a large height difference then assume each VRF condenser will
+    # serve the same fraction of the load.  Divide the revised capacity as the original capacity divided by the number
+    # of VRF condensers required to compensate for a height difference (the default is 1).
+    modVRFCondCapkW = vrfCondCapkW / numVRFheight
+    vrfCondInfo = getHVACDBInfo(name: "VRF Condenser Unit", materialLookup: "VRF-HP-HRV-Outdoor", materialSize: modVRFCondCapkW, exactMatch: false)
+    vrfSizeMult = vrfCondInfo[:multiplier]
+    vrfMat, vrfLab = getCost(vrfCondInfo[:name], vrfCondInfo[:hvac_material], vrfCondInfo[:multiplier])
+    vrfCondCost = (vrfMat * regMat + vrfLab * regLab) / 100
+
+    # Cost the refrigerant tubing (assume 20' of 0.5" supply and 1.0833" return tubing)
+    # vrfCondSizeTon = (OpenStudio.convert(modVRFCondCapkW.to_f, 'kW', 'kBtu/hr').get)/12.0
+    refrigPipeMat, refrigPipeLab = getHVACCost("Refrigerant Piping", 'refrig-tubing-large', 20, true)
+    refrigPipingCost = (refrigPipeMat * regMat + refrigPipeLab * regLab) / 100
+
+    # Cost insulation for tubing (assume 20' of 1.25" pipe insulation for both the supply and return refrigerant tubing)
+    refrigInsMat, refrigInsLab = getHVACCost('Refrigerant Insulation', 'pipeinsulation', 1.25, true)
+    refrigInsulationCost = (refrigInsMat * regMat + refrigInsLab * regLab) * 2 * 20 / 100
+
+    # Cost the wiring
+    vrfWireMat, vrfWireLab = getHVACCost('VRF Wiring', 'wiring', 10, true)
+    vrfWireLength = 20
+    vrfWiringCost = ((vrfWireMat*regMatElec + vrfWireLab*regLabElec)/100)*vrfWireLength/100
+
+    # Cost the Conduit
+    vrfConduitMat, vrfConduitLab = getHVACCost('VRF Wiring Conduit', 'Conduit', nil, true)
+    vrfConduitCost = ((vrfConduitMat*regMatElec + vrfConduitLab*regLabElec)/100)*vrfWireLength
+
+    # Cost the disconnect
+    vrfDiscMat, vrfDiscLab = getHVACCost('VRF Wiring Disconnect', 'Safety_switch', 60, true)
+    vrfDiscCost = (vrfDiscMat*regMatElec + vrfDiscLab*regLabElec)/100
+
+    # Determine the Tubing and wiring between the branch distributors and the condenser unit on the roof.  This cost is
+    # included with the condenser cost since this is for the entire building and only depends on the distance between
+    # the height difference between the lowest space served by a VRF system and the roof center height.  It will be the
+    # same cost even if there are several condensers because of height restrictions).
+    #
+    # Get the refrigerant tubing cost.  Exterior refrigerant tubing is given in 10' lengths of 0.5" supply and 1-1/8"
+    # return tubing.  The tubing is assumed to run inside the building so no insulation or all-weather protection is
+    # provided.
+    buildRefrigTubingMat, buildRefrigTubingLab = getHVACCost("VRF Building Refrigerant Tubing", 'refrig-tubing-large', 10, true)
+    # Get distance between lowest floor served by the VRF system and the roof in feet
+    maxHeightDiffFt = OpenStudio.convert(maxHeightDiff, 'm', 'ft').get
+    # Tubing cost divided by ten because tubing costing is provided in 10 ft rolls
+    buildRefrigCost = ((buildRefrigTubingMat * regMat + buildRefrigTubingLab * regLab) / 100) * maxHeightDiffFt / 10.0
+
+    # Get the cost of condensate tubing for the whole building.  A different height is used than the that for
+    # refrigerant tubing since the condensate line must extend from the height of the roof (where the condenser is) to
+    # the ground floor (if maxHeightDiff does not extend the entire building height) or basement ()if maxHeightDiff
+    # includes a basement).
+    buildCondMat, buildCondLab = getHVACCost('Building Condensate pipe', 'PEX_tubing', 0.5, true)
+    buildCondCost = ((buildCondMat * regMat + buildCondLab * regLab) / 100) * maxHeightDiffFt
+
+    # Get the wiring cost (note wiring comes in 100 ft lengths)
+    buildWiringMat, buildWiringLab = getHVACCost('VRF Wiring', 'wiring', 10, true)
+    buildWiringCost = ((buildWiringMat * regMatElec + buildWiringLab * regLabElec) / 100) * maxHeightDiffFt / 100.0
+
+    # Get the conduit cost
+    buildConduitMat, buildConduitLab = getHVACCost("VRF Building Conduit", 'Conduit', nil, true)
+    buildConduitCost = ((buildConduitMat * regMatElec + buildConduitLab * regLabElec) / 100) * maxHeightDiffFt
+
+    # Find totals
+    totalVRFCondCost = vrfCondCost * numVRFheight
+    totalVRFPipingCost = (refrigPipingCost + refrigInsulationCost) * numVRFheight * vrfSizeMult + buildRefrigCost + buildCondCost
+    totalVRFWiringCost = (vrfWiringCost + vrfConduitCost + vrfDiscCost) * numVRFheight * vrfSizeMult + buildWiringCost + buildConduitCost
+    totalVRFEquipCost = totalVRFCondCost + totalVRFPipingCost + totalVRFWiringCost
+
+
+    # Add to VRF Condenser cost report.  I was not sure where to put this since it was really neither a plant unit or a
+    # zonal unit.  I guess it supplies several zones so that makes it plant equipment.
+    @costing_report['heating_and_cooling']['plant_equipment']  << {
+      'type' => 'VRF Zonal System Condenser',
+      'nom_flr2flr_hght_ft' => 0.0,
+      'ht_roof_ft' => maxHeightDiffFt.round(1),
+      'longest_distance_to_ext_ft' => 0.0,
+      'wiring_and_gas_connections_distance_ft' => (vrfWireLength*numVRFheight*vrfSizeMult + maxHeightDiffFt).round(1),
+      'equipment_cost' => totalVRFCondCost.round(0),
+      'wiring_and_gas_connections_cost' => totalVRFWiringCost.round(0),
+      'pump_cost' => 0.00,
+      'piping_cost' => totalVRFPipingCost.round(0),
+      'total_cost' => totalVRFEquipCost.round(0)
+    }
+
+    return totalVRFEquipCost
+  end
+
+  # This method was originally part of getHVACCOST but was split out because in some cases the information from the
+  # materials_hvac sheet of the costing spreadsheet was required but not tho cost.
+  # The method takes in:
+  # name(String):  The name of a piece of equipment.  Is only used for error reporting and is not linked to anything
+  #                else.
+  # materialLookup(String):  The material type used to search hte 'Material' column of the materials_hvac sheet of the
+  #                          costing spreadsheet.
+  # materialSize(float):  The size of the equipment in whichever units are required when searching the 'Size' column of
+  #                       the costing spreadsheet.
+  # exactMatch(true/false):  A flag to indicate if the hvac equipment must match the size provided exactly or if the
+  #                          size is a minimum equipment size.
+  #
+  # The method returns a hash with the following composition:
+  # {
+  # name(string):  Same as above.
+  # hvac_material(hash):  The costing spreadsheet information for the hvac equipment being searched for.
+  # multiplier(float):  Default is 1.  Will be higher if exactMatch is false, and no materialLookup could be found with
+  #                     a large enough materialSize in the costing spreadsheet. In this case, it is assumed that several
+  #                     pieced of equipment defined by hvact_material are used to satisfy the required materialSize.
+  #                     The multiplier defines the number of hvac_material required to meet the materialSize
+  # }
+  def getHVACMultiSizeDBInfo(name:, materialLookup:, materialCap:, materialCon:)
+    multiplier = 1.0
+    numConLoops = 1.0
+    # Get the materials_hvac sheet info from the costing spreadsheet
+    materials_hvac = @costing_database["raw"]["materials_hvac"]
+    # Find material that meet the materialCon requirement
+    hvac_material_con_info = materials_hvac.select {|data|
+      data['Material'].to_s.upcase == materialLookup.to_s.upcase && data['Fuel'].to_f >= materialCon
+    }
+    hvac_material = []
+    unless hvac_material_con_info.empty?
+      # If the materialCon criteria check if any of the selected material meet the mateterialCap criteria
+      hvac_material_cap_info = hvac_material_con_info.select {|data| data['Size'].to_f >= materialCap}
+      if hvac_material_cap_info.nil? || hvac_material_cap_info.empty?
+        # If none do then select the material with the largest capacity that met the materialCon criteria
+        hvac_material << hvac_material_con_info.max_by {|data| data['Size'].to_f}
+        con_per_loop = hvac_material[0]['Fuel'].to_f
+      else
+        # If something met both the materialCon and materialCap then return a hash containing the material and other
+        # information and we are done.
+        hvac_material = hvac_material_cap_info.min_by {|data| data['Size'].to_f}
+        ret_hash = {
+          name: name,
+          hvac_material: hvac_material,
+          multiplier: 1
+        }
+        return ret_hash
+      end
+    end
+    if hvac_material.empty?
+      # If no equipment met the materialCon criteria then find all with the material type we want
+      hvac_material_info = materials_hvac.select {|data| data['Material'].to_s.upcase == materialLookup.to_s.upcase}
+      # If you cannot find even the material type then something has gone very wrong.  Stop everything and tell the user.
+      raise "HVAC material error! Could not find next largest size for #{name} in the materials_hvac sheet of the costing spreadsheet of #{materialLookup} type." if hvac_material_info.empty?
+      # Find the equipment with the largest 'Fuel' (this is what defines the materialCon options for this material type)
+      hvac_material = hvac_material_info.max_by{|data| data['Fuel'].to_f}
+      # Find the number of pieces of equipment will be needed to meet the materialCon requirement
+      (((materialCon.to_f) % (hvac_material['Fuel'].to_f)).round(3) > 0.0) ? numConLoops = ((materialCon.to_f/(hvac_material['Fuel'].to_f)).to_i + 1).to_f.round(0) : numConLoops = (materialCon.to_f/(hvac_material['Fuel'].to_f)).round(0)
+      # Revise the materialCon requirement now that several pieces of equipment are being used
+      con_per_loop = materialCon / numConLoops
+      # Find all the appropriate equipment in the costing spreadsheet that meet the revised materialCon requirement
+      hvac_material = hvac_material_info.select{|data| data['Fuel'].to_f >= con_per_loop}
+    end
+
+    # Now that we have some equipment that meet the required materialCon requirement revise the materialCap requirement
+    # in case multiple pieces of equipment were to meet the materialCon requirement.
+    reqMatSize = materialCap/numConLoops
+    # Of the equipment that met the (modified or original) materialCan requirement select the equipment the meets the
+    # (modified or original) capacity requirement.
+    material_cap = hvac_material.select{|data| data['Size'].to_f >= reqMatSize}
+    if material_cap.empty?
+      # If none of the selected materials meet the materialCap requirement find the one with the largest capacity
+      largestMat = hvac_material.max_by{|data| data['Size'].to_f}
+      maxAvailCap = largestMat['Size'].to_f
+      # Find out how many are required to meet the materialCap requirement
+      (reqMatSize%maxAvailCap).to_f.round(3) > 0 ? numCapLoops = (((reqMatSize/maxAvailCap).to_i) + 1).to_f.round(0) : numCapLoops = (reqMatSize/maxAvailCap).to_f.round(0)
+      # Calculate how many pieces of equipment are now required to meet both the materialCon and materialCap
+      # requirements
+      totLoops = numConLoops*numCapLoops
+      # Revise the materialCap and materialCon requirements to reflect that even more pieces of equipment will be used
+      # to meet both requirements
+      modMatCap = (materialCap / totLoops).to_f
+      modMatCon = (materialCon / totLoops).to_f
+      # Search for equipment that meet both the modMatCap and modMatCon criteria
+      hvac_material_info = materials_hvac.select {|data| data['Material'].to_s.upcase == materialLookup.to_s.upcase}
+      material_cap = hvac_material_info.select{|data| (data['Size'].to_f >= modMatCap) && (data['Fuel'].to_f >= modMatCon)}
+      if material_cap.empty?
+        # It should have gotten something.  If it didn't then select the one with largest capacity and use that.
+        ret_mat = largestMat
+      else
+        # Find the equipment with the smallest capacity that meets the requirement
+        ret_mat = material_cap.min_by{|data| data['Size'].to_f}
+      end
+    else
+      # If something now meets the materialCon and materialCap requirement select the one with the smallest capacity.
+      totLoops = numConLoops
+      ret_mat = material_cap.min_by{|data| data['Size'].to_f}
+    end
+    # If multiple branch distributors are required check if the last one can be smaller than the others and return that
+    # in addition to the other branch distributors.
+    if totLoops.round(0) > 1.0
+      # Check check the remaining size requirements for the last branch distributor
+      (materialCon - (totLoops - 1.0)*(ret_mat['Fuel'].to_f)) > 0 ? redCon = (materialCon - (totLoops - 1.0)*(ret_mat['Fuel'].to_f)) : redCon = 0.0
+      (materialCap - (totLoops - 1.0)*(ret_mat['Size'].to_f)) > 0 ? redCap = (materialCap - (totLoops - 1.0)*(ret_mat['Size'].to_f)) : redCap = 0.0
+      # If either are greater than zero (as should be the case) then look for equipment that can meet the remaining
+      # connection or capacity requipments.
+      if (redCon > 0) || (redCap > 0)
+        # Find material that meet the remaining connection and capacity requirements.
+        hvac_material_red = materials_hvac.select {|data|
+          data['Material'].to_s.upcase == materialLookup.to_s.upcase && data['Fuel'].to_f >= redCon && data['Size'].to_f >= redCap
+        }
+        if hvac_material_red.size == 0
+          # If no equipment could be found which meet the remaining connection and capacity requirements then return
+          # the the number and type of equipment without adjust for a smaller final piece of equipment.
+          red_ret_hash = nil
+        else
+          # If equipment could be found then select the one with the minimum number of connections.
+          red_ret = hvac_material_red.min_by{|data| data['Fuel'].to_f}
+          min_hvac_sel = hvac_material_red.select{|data| data['Fuel'].to_f == red_ret['Fuel'].to_f}
+          # If more than one piece of equipment can meet the minimum connection requirement then select the one with the
+          # minimum capacity requirement.
+          if min_hvac_sel.size > 1
+            red_ret = min_hvac_sel.min_by{|data| data['Size'].to_f}
+          end
+          red_ret_hash = {
+            red_ret_hash: red_ret,
+            numCon: redCon,
+            numCap: redCap
+          }
+        end
+      end
+    end
+    # If multiple pieces of equipment are required to meet the connection and capacity requirements check if a smaller
+    # piece of equipment was found to get the final remaining requirements.  If one is found then adjust the multiplier
+    # for the main equipment to be reduced by one and return the smaller remaining piece of equipment.
+    red_ret_hash.nil? ? retLoops = totLoops : retLoops = totLoops - 1.0
+    # Create a hash with the results and return it.
+    ret_hash = {
+      name: name,
+      hvac_material: ret_mat,
+      multiplier: retLoops
+    }
+    return ret_hash, red_ret_hash
+  end
+
+  # This method is for the calculation of VSD chiller cost
+  def vsd_chiller_cost(primaryCap:)
+    # Gather a list of VSD chillers that exist in the costing spreadsheet
+    vsd_chiller_sizes = []
+    vsd_chiller_options = @costing_database['raw']['materials_hvac'].select {|data|
+      data['Material'].to_s.upcase == 'ChillerElectricEIR_VSDCentrifugalWaterChiller'.upcase
+    }
+    vsd_chiller_options[0..-1].each do |a,b|
+      a.each do |key,value|
+        vsd_chiller_sizes << value.to_f if key=='Size'
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Look for a VSD in the list of VSDs that has the closest size, and calculate its cost
+    vsd_chiller_closet_to_current_kw = vsd_chiller_sizes.sort_by { |item| (primaryCap-item).abs }.first(1)
+    quantity_chiller_electric_eir = 1.0
+    search_chiller_electric_eir = {
+        row_id_1: 'ChillerElectricEIR_VSDCentrifugalWaterChiller',
+        row_id_2: vsd_chiller_closet_to_current_kw[0].to_s
+    }
+    sheet_name = 'materials_hvac'
+    column_1 = 'Material'
+    column_2 = 'Size'
+    tags = ['heating_and_cooling','plant_equipment','chiller']
+    thisChillerCost = assembly_cost(cost_info:search_chiller_electric_eir,
+                                    sheet_name:sheet_name,
+                                    column_1:column_1,
+                                    column_2:column_2,
+                                    quantity:quantity_chiller_electric_eir,
+                                    tags: tags)
+    # puts "thisVSDChillerCost is #{thisChillerCost}"
+    return thisChillerCost
+  end
+end