exiftool_vendored 9.33.0

This diff represents the content of publicly available package versions that have been released to one of the supported registries. The information contained in this diff is provided for informational purposes only and reflects changes between package versions as they appear in their respective public registries.
Files changed (864) hide show
  1. checksums.yaml +15 -0
  2. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/Changes +6241 -0
  3. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/MANIFEST +859 -0
  4. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/META.yml +27 -0
  5. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/Makefile.PL +41 -0
  6. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/README +227 -0
  7. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/arg_files/exif2iptc.args +24 -0
  8. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/arg_files/exif2xmp.args +38 -0
  9. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/arg_files/gps2xmp.args +20 -0
  10. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/arg_files/iptc2exif.args +17 -0
  11. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/arg_files/iptc2xmp.args +53 -0
  12. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/arg_files/iptcCore.args +172 -0
  13. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/arg_files/pdf2xmp.args +23 -0
  14. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/arg_files/xmp2exif.args +39 -0
  15. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/arg_files/xmp2gps.args +24 -0
  16. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/arg_files/xmp2iptc.args +62 -0
  17. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/arg_files/xmp2pdf.args +23 -0
  18. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/config_files/ExifTool_config +299 -0
  19. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/config_files/convert_regions.config +81 -0
  20. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/exiftool +5715 -0
  21. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/fmt_files/gpx.fmt +29 -0
  22. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/fmt_files/gpx_wpt.fmt +33 -0
  23. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/fmt_files/kml.fmt +53 -0
  24. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/ExifTool.html +1959 -0
  25. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/MIE1.1-20070121.pdf +0 -0
  26. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/Shift.html +173 -0
  27. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/AFCP.html +53 -0
  28. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/AIFF.html +146 -0
  29. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/APE.html +149 -0
  30. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/APP12.html +188 -0
  31. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/ASF.html +1066 -0
  32. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/BMP.html +110 -0
  33. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Canon.html +8062 -0
  34. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/CanonCustom.html +2044 -0
  35. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/CanonRaw.html +561 -0
  36. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/CanonVRD.html +1222 -0
  37. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Casio.html +1569 -0
  38. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Composite.html +665 -0
  39. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/DICOM.html +15762 -0
  40. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/DNG.html +273 -0
  41. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/DV.html +75 -0
  42. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/DarwinCore.html +1445 -0
  43. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/DjVu.html +313 -0
  44. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/EXE.html +697 -0
  45. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/EXIF.html +3244 -0
  46. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Extra.html +301 -0
  47. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/FLAC.html +183 -0
  48. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/FLIR.html +931 -0
  49. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Flash.html +419 -0
  50. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/FlashPix.html +1435 -0
  51. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Font.html +485 -0
  52. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/FotoStation.html +103 -0
  53. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/FujiFilm.html +637 -0
  54. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/GE.html +40 -0
  55. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/GIF.html +116 -0
  56. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/GIMP.html +140 -0
  57. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/GPS.html +222 -0
  58. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/GeoTiff.html +2177 -0
  59. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/H264.html +393 -0
  60. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/HP.html +155 -0
  61. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/HTML.html +666 -0
  62. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/ICC_Profile.html +710 -0
  63. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/ID3.html +1473 -0
  64. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/IPTC.html +895 -0
  65. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/ITC.html +90 -0
  66. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/JFIF.html +61 -0
  67. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/JPEG.html +523 -0
  68. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/JVC.html +56 -0
  69. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Jpeg2000.html +464 -0
  70. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Kodak.html +1759 -0
  71. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/KyoceraRaw.html +92 -0
  72. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/LNK.html +478 -0
  73. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Leaf.html +870 -0
  74. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/M2TS.html +133 -0
  75. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/MIE.html +1026 -0
  76. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/MIFF.html +196 -0
  77. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/MNG.html +847 -0
  78. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/MPC.html +97 -0
  79. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/MPEG.html +249 -0
  80. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/MPF.html +199 -0
  81. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/MWG.html +563 -0
  82. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/MXF.html +6673 -0
  83. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Matroska.html +1069 -0
  84. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Microsoft.html +2066 -0
  85. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Minolta.html +2555 -0
  86. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/MinoltaRaw.html +326 -0
  87. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Nikon.html +4467 -0
  88. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/NikonCapture.html +776 -0
  89. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/NikonCustom.html +3835 -0
  90. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/OOXML.html +280 -0
  91. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Ogg.html +44 -0
  92. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Olympus.html +3386 -0
  93. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/OpenEXR.html +222 -0
  94. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/PDF.html +745 -0
  95. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/PGF.html +80 -0
  96. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/PICT.html +753 -0
  97. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/PLIST.html +86 -0
  98. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/PNG.html +515 -0
  99. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/PSP.html +160 -0
  100. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Panasonic.html +1452 -0
  101. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/PanasonicRaw.html +214 -0
  102. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Pentax.html +4332 -0
  103. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/PhaseOne.html +258 -0
  104. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/PhotoCD.html +402 -0
  105. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/PhotoMechanic.html +196 -0
  106. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Photoshop.html +555 -0
  107. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/PostScript.html +125 -0
  108. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/PrintIM.html +31 -0
  109. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Qualcomm.html +4778 -0
  110. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/QuickTime.html +3104 -0
  111. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/RIFF.html +1164 -0
  112. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/RSRC.html +74 -0
  113. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/RTF.html +150 -0
  114. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Radiance.html +87 -0
  115. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Rawzor.html +45 -0
  116. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Real.html +780 -0
  117. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Reconyx.html +132 -0
  118. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Ricoh.html +456 -0
  119. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Samsung.html +419 -0
  120. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Sanyo.html +366 -0
  121. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Shortcuts.html +237 -0
  122. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Sigma.html +372 -0
  123. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/SigmaRaw.html +403 -0
  124. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Sony.html +4279 -0
  125. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/SonyIDC.html +267 -0
  126. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Stim.html +200 -0
  127. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Theora.html +102 -0
  128. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Unknown.html +31 -0
  129. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/Vorbis.html +228 -0
  130. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/XMP.html +7234 -0
  131. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/ZIP.html +204 -0
  132. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/iWork.html +49 -0
  133. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/index.html +192 -0
  134. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/TagNames/style.css +31 -0
  135. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/ancient_history.html +6727 -0
  136. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/canon_raw.html +366 -0
  137. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/commentary.html +319 -0
  138. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/config.html +312 -0
  139. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/data_members.html +265 -0
  140. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/exiftool_pod.html +2338 -0
  141. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/faq.html +1434 -0
  142. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/filename.html +281 -0
  143. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/geotag.html +642 -0
  144. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/history.html +358 -0
  145. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/htmldump.html +732 -0
  146. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/idiosyncracies.html +251 -0
  147. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/index.html +1271 -0
  148. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/install.html +239 -0
  149. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/metafiles.html +266 -0
  150. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/overview.png +0 -0
  151. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/standards.html +277 -0
  152. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/struct.html +342 -0
  153. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/style.css +31 -0
  154. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/under.html +124 -0
  155. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/verbose.html +195 -0
  156. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/writing.html +239 -0
  157. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/File/RandomAccess.pm +378 -0
  158. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/File/RandomAccess.pod +231 -0
  159. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool.pm +6815 -0
  160. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool.pod +2385 -0
  161. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/AES.pm +501 -0
  162. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/AFCP.pm +284 -0
  163. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/AIFF.pm +271 -0
  164. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/APE.pm +262 -0
  165. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/APP12.pm +322 -0
  166. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/ASF.pm +884 -0
  167. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/BMP.pm +179 -0
  168. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/BZZ.pm +472 -0
  169. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/BigTIFF.pm +282 -0
  170. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/BuildTagLookup.pm +2400 -0
  171. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Canon.pm +7794 -0
  172. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/CanonCustom.pm +2523 -0
  173. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/CanonRaw.pm +931 -0
  174. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/CanonVRD.pm +1481 -0
  175. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/CaptureOne.pm +235 -0
  176. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Casio.pm +2013 -0
  177. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset.pm +396 -0
  178. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/Arabic.pm +39 -0
  179. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/Baltic.pm +35 -0
  180. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/Cyrillic.pm +45 -0
  181. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/Greek.pm +40 -0
  182. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/Hebrew.pm +36 -0
  183. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/JIS.pm +1735 -0
  184. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/Latin.pm +24 -0
  185. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/Latin2.pm +36 -0
  186. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/MacArabic.pm +47 -0
  187. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/MacChineseCN.pm +2088 -0
  188. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/MacChineseTW.pm +3623 -0
  189. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/MacCroatian.pm +43 -0
  190. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/MacCyrillic.pm +47 -0
  191. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/MacGreek.pm +45 -0
  192. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/MacHebrew.pm +47 -0
  193. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/MacIceland.pm +42 -0
  194. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/MacJapanese.pm +1933 -0
  195. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/MacKorean.pm +2720 -0
  196. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/MacLatin2.pm +44 -0
  197. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/MacRSymbol.pm +2087 -0
  198. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/MacRoman.pm +42 -0
  199. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/MacRomanian.pm +42 -0
  200. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/MacThai.pm +49 -0
  201. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/MacTurkish.pm +42 -0
  202. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/PDFDoc.pm +28 -0
  203. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/ShiftJIS.pm +1835 -0
  204. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/Symbol.pm +54 -0
  205. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/Thai.pm +41 -0
  206. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/Turkish.pm +25 -0
  207. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Charset/Vietnam.pm +27 -0
  208. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/DICOM.pm +3835 -0
  209. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/DNG.pm +835 -0
  210. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/DV.pm +319 -0
  211. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/DarwinCore.pm +317 -0
  212. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/DjVu.pm +376 -0
  213. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/EXE.pm +1228 -0
  214. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Exif.pm +4542 -0
  215. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/FLAC.pm +296 -0
  216. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/FLIR.pm +972 -0
  217. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Fixup.pm +354 -0
  218. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Flash.pm +755 -0
  219. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/FlashPix.pm +1882 -0
  220. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Font.pm +643 -0
  221. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/FotoStation.pm +258 -0
  222. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/FujiFilm.pm +1020 -0
  223. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/GE.pm +80 -0
  224. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/GIF.pm +542 -0
  225. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/GIMP.pm +258 -0
  226. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/GPS.pm +511 -0
  227. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/GeoTiff.pm +2187 -0
  228. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Geotag.pm +1173 -0
  229. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/H264.pm +1102 -0
  230. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/HP.pm +262 -0
  231. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/HTML.pm +576 -0
  232. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/HtmlDump.pm +895 -0
  233. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/ICC_Profile.pm +999 -0
  234. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/ID3.pm +1532 -0
  235. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/IPTC.pm +1244 -0
  236. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/ITC.pm +215 -0
  237. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/Import.pm +308 -0
  238. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/InDesign.pm +277 -0
  239. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/JPEG.pm +588 -0
  240. data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/lib/Image/ExifTool/JPEGDigest.pm +2511 -0
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data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/idiosyncracies.html ADDED
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+ <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
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+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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+ <html>
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+ <head>
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+ <title>Maker Note Idio(t)syncracies</title>
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+ <link rel=stylesheet type='text/css' href='style.css' title='Style'>
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+ </head>
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+ <body>
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+ <h1 class='up'>Maker Note Idio(t)syncracies</h1>
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+
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+ <p>It really is surprising how stupid some (...many, ...most?) manufacturers
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+ seem to be when it comes to writing what should be a fairly simple file
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+ format.</p>
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+
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+ <p>One positive thing is that most manufacturers seem to have standardized on an
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+ EXIF-like IFD (Image File Directory) structure for their maker notes. But many
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+ problems arise because of a fundamental design flaw in the EXIF/TIFF format.
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+ Values longer than 4 bytes are stored at a location referenced by an offset from
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+ an absolute position in the file (where offset 0 is the start of the EXIF/TIFF
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+ information).</p>
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+
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+ <p>The difficulty is that these offsets must be recalculated when a file is
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+ rewritten, but in general this is not possible (particularly for the maker
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+ notes) because the format of not all information is known. Some manufacturers
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+ have attempted to avoid this problem using offsets which are relative to the
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+ start of the maker note IFD instead of the usual start of EXIF. This is a good
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+ idea if implemented properly, but this is not done consistently. (And some
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+ manufacturers are not even consistent about how the offsets are calculated from
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+ one camera model to the next!)</p>
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+
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+ <blockquote><font size='-1'><b>Technical aside:</b>
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+ <br>If EXIF were designed properly, all offsets would
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+ be relative to 4 bytes after the end of the IFD, which is the normal position
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+ for values to be stored, and all value data for the IFD would be stored in a
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+ block at this location. If this was done, an entire IFD could be relocated
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+ easily without causing problems.</font></blockquote>
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+
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+ <p>Below is a list of idiosyncracies in files written by the digital cameras or
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+ software from various manufacturers. Many of these quirks relate to the offset
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+ problem mentioned above.</p>
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+
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+ <hr>
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+
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+ <p><b>Canon:</b> The 350D (firmware 1.0.1) gets the size of the thumbnail image
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+ wrong and reports it to be 10 bytes too long. This can cause the reported
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+ thumbnail image data to run off the end of the APP1 segment. A bug in version
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+ 1.0.4 of the 40D firmware causes it to write a maker note entry count that is
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+ one greater than it should be.</p>
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+
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+ <p><b>Casio:</b> The preview image is referenced by two different offsets (the
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+ PreviewImage tag plus a PreviewImageStart/PreviewImageLength pair). Also, the
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+ offset for the PrintIM information is relative to the start of the IFD entry
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+ even though other offsets aren't.</p>
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+
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+ <p><b>Concord:</b> Some models write PrintIM information with an entry-based
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+ offset like Casio.</p>
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+
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+ <p><b>General Electric:</b> A number of GE cameras store zero offsets for some
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+ maker note tags (possibly to indicate that the tags do not exist), and other
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+ offsets are 12 bytes too high for some models (like the A1230, E1035 and G2).
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+ </p>
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+
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+ <p><b>Hewlett-Packard:</b> The PhotoSmart 720 (one of the few HP models to use
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+ EXIF-format maker notes) uses a format code of 5 (rational64u) for tag 0x0204,
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+ but stores a rational32u value. Other models show about as much standardization
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+ as the Kodak point-and-shoot lineup. Also, some models (C945, M22, M23, R507,
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+ R607, R707, R717, R725, R727, R817, R818, R827, R927 and R960) write the EXIF
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+ ComponentsConfiguration incorrectly as ASCII characters (like the Leica M8 and
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+ M9).</p>
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+
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+ <p><b>Kodak:</b> Professional DCS Photo Desk software writes a cyclical EXIF
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+ directory such that the InteropIFD pointer points back to IFD0.
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+ Point-and-shoot models show little standardization in maker note format.
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+ Some models with IFD-format maker notes store incorrect count values for
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+ a number of tags (this is particularly nasty), and may contain blank IFD
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+ entries which are filled with 0xff's (not zeros like other makes).</p>
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+
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+ <p><b>Konica:</b> The KD-300Z writes all maker notes offsets relative to the
79
+ start of the individual IFD entry.</p>
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+
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+ <p><b>Kyocera:</b> A number of models write all maker notes offsets relative
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+ to the start of the individual IFD entry.</p>
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+
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+ <p><b>Leica:</b> The M8 and M9 write the EXIF ComponentsConfiguration value in
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+ ASCII instead of binary. The M8 writes EXIF ExposureCompensation and
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+ ShutterSpeedValue incorrectly as a unsigned rationals when they should be
87
+ signed. This leads to crazy values like "+65536" for small negative exposure
88
+ compensations, and "0 s" for long exposure times. (NOTE: These are all EXIF
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+ idiosyncracies since the values are in the standard EXIF, not the maker
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+ notes.) In DNG images, the M8 uses maker note offsets relative to the
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+ start of the maker notes in JPEG images (very reasonable), but relative to
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+ the end of the maker note header in DNG images. I think this was a mistake
93
+ because this is changed in M9 DNG images to be the same as JPEG images.</p>
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+
95
+ <p>The Leica S2 maker note format is the MOST idiotic I have seen, and has the
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+ following peculiarities:</p>
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+
98
+ <ul>
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+ <li>It is stored as a trailer after the JPEG EOI (but referenced from a pointer
100
+ inside the APP1 EXIF segment).</li>
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+ <li>Most of the offsets in this MakerNote IFD are relative to the start of the
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+ file instead of the EXIF TIFF header (which is particularly cruel because they
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+ are broken if other software simply adds a leading JFIF segment, but there is no
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+ simple way to detect that this has happened. Normally this could be detected by
105
+ analyzing the pointers, but this doesn't work here because all of the unused
106
+ data in the Leica maker notes make normal pointer assumptions impossible).</li>
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+ <li>The PreviewImage offset is relative to the start of the MakerNote data
108
+ (which is MUCH more reasonable, but using two different offset bases in the same
109
+ directory is yet another level of idiocy).</li>
110
+ <li>In DNG images the maker notes use an absolute base offset. Yet again
111
+ different from the M8 and M9. Consistency isn't Leica's strong suit.</li>
112
+ </ul>
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+
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+ <p><b>Minolta:</b> An obvious bug in the firmware of the Z2 writes an incorrect
115
+ offset for the 'MinoltaCameraSettings2' information -- it writes the offset of
116
+ the offset itself instead of the offset of the value (hahaha!). Other
117
+ offsets are correct.</p>
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+
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+ <p><b>Nikon:</b> D2H NEF files have huge blocks with all zero data (3.7 MB in
120
+ my test file!).</p>
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+
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+ <p><b>Olympus:</b> The E-1 and E-300 have subdirectories in the maker notes, but
123
+ not only does the data size of these subdirectories exclude the subdirectory
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+ value data, but also it is 2 bytes too small for the directory information
125
+ itself (doh! -- they forgot to include the entry count). Similarly, the stored
126
+ size of the maker note data block is too small for many models, which results
127
+ in a loss of data if the maker notes are copied as a block when an image is
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+ rewritten.</p>
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+
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+ <p><b>Pentax:</b> The Optio 330 uses an offset for the PrintIM information which
131
+ is relative to the start of the IFD entry (hmmm, like some Casio models...).
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+ Also, preview image offsets in the maker notes are given relative to the EXIF
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+ base rather than the maker note base (like all other maker notes offsets).</p>
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+
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+ <p>The Optio 550, 555, 33WR and 43WR all specify a PrintIM directory at a the
136
+ same offset of 0x29a with length 40 bytes, but the only PrintIM information in
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+ the file is nowhere near that offset and is 128 bytes long. Also for these
138
+ models, tag 0x002e has a constant value of 0x6a6 even though its position
139
+ changes. Finally, all of these models plus the Optio WP waste many kilobytes of
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+ space in each image with large unused data blocks in the EXIF information.</p>
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+
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+ <p>The Optio 330RS and 430RS double reference the preview image information.</p>
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+
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+ <p>Note that the worst problems are with the Optio 230, 330, and 430, which
145
+ carry the Asahi brand name.</p>
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+
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+ <p><b>Photoshop and Nikon Capture:</b> Both of these packages write TIFF IPTC
148
+ information as 'int32u' (or 'LONG'). This is wrong
149
+ (<a href="http://www.awaresystems.be/imaging/tiff/tifftags/iptc.html">see
150
+ reference</a>). Nikon Capture goes one step further and simply ignores IPTC
151
+ that is written correctly as 'undef' or 'int8u'. (So for compatibility,
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+ ExifTool also writes this incorrectly as 'int32u'.) Photoshop completely
153
+ deletes the maker notes when an image is edited.</p>
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+
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+ <p><b>Ricoh:</b> An IFD subdirectory in the Ricoh maker notes of both the
156
+ Caplio RR30 and RR1. The RR30 uses standard EXIF offsets (relative to the start
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+ of the EXIF data), but for the RR1 the offsets are relative to the start of the
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+ subdirectory. The G700 uses MPF offsets relative to the start of the file,
159
+ instead of the start of the MPF segment as per the MPF spec.</p>
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+
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+ <p><b>Rollei:</b> The DK4010 writes all maker notes offsets relative to the
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+ start of the individual IFD entry.</p>
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+
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+ <p><b>Sanyo:</b> The offsets written in the maker notes of the J1, J2, J3, S1,
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+ S3 and S4 have very little to do with reality. Apparently the Sanyo
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+ programmers have no understanding of the concept of an IFD offset.</p>
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+
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+ <p><b>Skanhex:</b> With some Skanhex models (SX-210Z3, SX-330Z3, SX3300,
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+ SX410Z3), the 264-byte makernotes block contains no useful information, and
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+ overlaps values from the ExifIFD. For these models there is also a large block
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+ (typically 1195 bytes) of unreferenced information in the EXIF data immediately
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+ following the IteropIFD. This block begins with the character sequence
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+ "SKANH\0", and contains exactly the same information in all 20 of my sample
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+ images that contain this block (except for a variable amount of padding at the
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+ end with 0xff bytes). These quirks also affect some Gateway, Jenoptik, Medion,
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+ Samsung and Yakumo models built by Skanhex.</p>
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+
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+ <p><b>Toshiba:</b> The PDR-3310 writes all maker notes offsets relative to the
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+ start of the individual IFD entry. (very similar to Konica KD-300Z)</p>
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+
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+ <hr><a name="raw"></a>
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+ <h2>RAW file Idiosyncracies</h2>
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+
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+ <p><b>Minolta MRW:</b> The A200 stores the thumbnail image offset in IFD0
185
+ relative to the start of file, while all other offsets are relative to the start
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+ of the TIFF header, which is 48 bytes into the file. Also, the A200 stores the
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+ StripOffsets and the StripByteCounts values in the wrong byte order.</p>
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+
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+ <p><b>Sony ARW:</b> The maker notes of ARW images are not self-contained, so
190
+ some information is lost when the images are rewritten by other software
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+ (including the Adobe DNG converter). The A100 with firmware 1.00 sets the high
192
+ word of the thumbnail image offset to zero, but it should sometimes be 0x0001.
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+ (This problem is fixed for firmware 1.01.) Also with the A100, the
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+ JpgFromRawLength stored in IFD0 may be wrong (although this value is also stored
195
+ in the MakerNotes and is correct here). As well, much information in these
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+ images is encrypted, which complicates things somewhat. Even the Sony IDC
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+ utility can't properly rewrite ARW files -- it corrupts the embedded MRW record
198
+ when used to edit ARW images. Even funnier: IDC v3.0 will crash when loading
199
+ some original A100 firmware 1.00 images, but no longer crashes if the images are
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+ first edited with ExifTool (probably because ExifTool fixes the above mentioned
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+ problems when it rewrites the image).</p>
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+
203
+ <p><b>Leica DNG:</b> The makernote offsets for the M8 are relative to the start
204
+ of the makernote IFD in JPEG images, but relative to the start of the makernote
205
+ header (8 bytes earlier) in DNG images. <i>[2009-09-09: This is fixed for the
206
+ M9 which has offsets relative to the start of the makernote header for both JPEG
207
+ and DNG.]</i></p>
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+
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+ <p><b>Nikon NEF:</b> Aside from the encryption that Nikon uses to try to hide
210
+ some information in their maker notes, the NEF files in general seem fairly well
211
+ behaved. Even so, the Nikon Transfer utility (version 1.3) still manages to
212
+ corrupt some information in the 0th SubIFD when it is used to process NEF
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+ images. (Beware that other Nikon utilities may have this same problem if they
214
+ use the same NEF writing routines.) But luckly the lost information isn't very
215
+ important. (Only a few tags from the embedded full-sized preview image are
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+ lost: XResolution, YResolution and YCbCrPositioning.) Also, Nikon Transfer and
217
+ Nikon Capture both write an incorrect size for the maker notes, which could
218
+ cause loss of MakerNote information if the file is edited by other software (but
219
+ this isn't a problem with ExifTool, which will fix this type of problem
220
+ automatically when writing).</p>
221
+
222
+ <p><b>Nikon NRW:</b> Nikon should have just called this NEF with a different
223
+ version number -- there should be no need to pollute the universe with zillions
224
+ of unnecessary file extensions. Oh right, they weren't smart enough to include
225
+ a file identifier containing a version number in their NEF images -- Doh! In
226
+ these images, CFAPattern2 is written incorrectly with UNDEFINED instead of BYTE
227
+ format.</p>
228
+
229
+ <p><b>Phase One IIQ:</b> Many values are referenced from more than one location
230
+ in the TIFF structure of these images. For instance, the IFD0 strip data
231
+ actually exists within the MakerNotes data block. This is a poor design, and
232
+ leads to duplicated information when the image is rewritten.</p>
233
+
234
+ <p><b>Ricoh DNG:</b> The GR Digital IV (firmware 1.14) stores an incorrect
235
+ length for the JPEG preview in SubIFD1.</p>
236
+
237
+ <p><b>Samsung SRW:</b> Yet another TIFF-based RAW image with no proper file
238
+ identifier. In these images the thumbnail is stored inside a SubIFD of IFD1
239
+ instead of directly in IFD1 (dumb, dumb...). Also, the NX200 (firmware
240
+ NX200_011181) uses a base offset for the X/YResolution values that is different
241
+ from the PreviewImageStart pointer, both in the MakerNotes PreviewIFD. (Note
242
+ that the NX100 uses the same base for both, so this is certainly a firmware bug
243
+ for the NX200. <i>[2012-06-21: This problem now also affects the EX1, NX20 and
244
+ WB2000]</i>)</p>
245
+
246
+ <hr>
247
+ <i>Created Mar. 25, 2005</i>
248
+ <br><i>Last revised Mar. 9, 2013</i>
249
+ <p class='lf'><a href="index.html">&lt;-- Back to ExifTool home page</a></p>
250
+ </body>
251
+ </html>
data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.33/html/index.html ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1271 @@
1
+ <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
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+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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+ <html>
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+ <head>
5
+ <title>ExifTool by Phil Harvey</title>
6
+ <meta name="description" content="A command-line application and Perl library for
7
+ reading and writing EXIF, GPS, IPTC, XMP, makernotes and other meta information
8
+ in image, audio and video files. For Windows, Mac OS X, and Unix systems.">
9
+ <meta name="KeyWords" content="meta, information, metadata, ExifTool, EXIF, XMP,
10
+ IPTC, GPS, read, write, edit, editor, update, extract, images, thumbnail,
11
+ preview, geotag, geocode, Perl, library, module, RAW, NEF, CR2, MRW, JPEG, TIFF,
12
+ ID3, Windows, OSX, Unix">
13
+ <link rel=stylesheet type='text/css' href='style.css' title='Style'>
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+ <style type="text/css">
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+ <!--
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+ body { margin: 0 .5em; color: black; background: white;
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+ font-family: helvetica; font-size: .9em }
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+ h1 { margin: .2em 0 }
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+ h2.tight { margin: 0 0 .35em 0; font-weight: normal }
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+ a.wt { color: white; text-decoration: none; }
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+ a:hover.wt { text-decoration: underline; }
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+ a:active.wt { color: red; }
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+ pre { color: #800; padding: 0; margin: 0 }
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+ blockquote { margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em }
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+ div.wide { margin: 0 -.5em }
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+ table.tight td { padding: 0px 4px }
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+ table.links { border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; margin: 0 }
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+ table.links th { border-right: 1px solid white; font-weight: normal;
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+ width: 17%; background: #008 }
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+ table.links th.rt { border-right: 0 }
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+ table.dl { border: 1px solid gray; border-collapse: collapse }
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+ table.dl td { padding: .4em .8em }
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+
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+ -->
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+ </style>
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+ </head>
37
+ <body>
38
+ <h1><a name="top">ExifTool by Phil Harvey</a></h1>
39
+ <h2 class='tight red'><b>Read</b>, <b>Write</b> and <b>Edit</b> Meta Information!</h2>
40
+ <p><b>Also available</b> --> <a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/fix_corrupted_nef.html">Utility to fix Nikon NEF images corrupted by Nikon software</a></p>
41
+ <div class='wide'><table class='links'><tr>
42
+ <th><a href="install.html" class='wt'>&nbsp;Installing&nbsp;</a></th>
43
+ <th><a href="TagNames/index.html" class='wt'>&nbsp;Tag&nbsp;Names&nbsp;</a></th>
44
+ <th><a href="#links" class='wt'>&nbsp;Resources&nbsp;</a></th>
45
+ <th><a href="history.html" class='wt'>&nbsp;History&nbsp;</a></th>
46
+ <th><a href="http://u88.n24.queensu.ca/exiftool/forum/" class='wt'>&nbsp;Forum&nbsp;</a></th>
47
+ <th class='rt'><a href="faq.html" class='wt'>&nbsp;FAQ&nbsp;</a></th>
48
+ </tr></table></div>
49
+ <div class='index'>
50
+ <a href="#features">Features</a>
51
+ <br><a href="#comments">User Comments</a>
52
+ <br><a href="#supported">Supported File Types</a>
53
+ <br><a href="#system">System Requirements</a>
54
+ <br><a href="#running">Running ExifTool</a>
55
+ <br><a href="#output">Example Output</a>
56
+ <br><a href="#tagnames">Tag Names Explained</a>
57
+ <br><a href="#groups">Tag Groups</a>
58
+ <br><a href="#writing">Writing Information</a>
59
+ <br><a href="#limitations">Writer Limitations</a>
60
+ <br><a href="#problems">Known Problems</a>
61
+ <br><a href="#security">Security Issues</a>
62
+ <br><a href="#shift">Date/Time Shift</a>
63
+ <br><a href="#filename">Renaming Files</a>
64
+ <br><a href="#performance">Performance</a>
65
+ <br><a href="#library">ExifTool Library</a>
66
+ <br><a href="#links">Additional Resources</a>
67
+ <br><a href="#boldly">New Discoveries</a>
68
+ <br><a href="#ack">Acknowledgements</a>
69
+ <br><a href="#license">License</a>
70
+ <br><a href="#donate">Donate</a>
71
+ <br><a href="#contact">Contact Me</a>
72
+ </div>
73
+
74
+ <blockquote><table class='dl lg'><tr><td><b>
75
+ <a href="Image-ExifTool-9.33.tar.gz">
76
+ Download Version 9.33</a> (3.5 MB) -
77
+ <a href="history.html">July 13, 2013</a></b></td></tr></table></blockquote>
78
+
79
+ <p><b>ExifTool is a platform-independent <a href="ExifTool.html">Perl
80
+ library</a> plus a <a href="exiftool_pod.html">command-line application</a> for
81
+ reading, writing and editing meta information in a
82
+ <a href="#supported">wide variety of files</a>.</b>
83
+ ExifTool supports many different metadata formats including
84
+ <a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">EXIF</a>,
85
+ <a href="TagNames/GPS.html">GPS</a>,
86
+ <a href="TagNames/IPTC.html">IPTC</a>,
87
+ <a href="TagNames/XMP.html">XMP</a>,
88
+ <a href="TagNames/JFIF.html">JFIF</a>,
89
+ <a href="TagNames/GeoTiff.html">GeoTIFF</a>,
90
+ <a href="TagNames/ICC_Profile.html">ICC Profile</a>,
91
+ <a href="TagNames/Photoshop.html">Photoshop IRB</a>,
92
+ <a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FlashPix</a>,
93
+ <a href="TagNames/AFCP.html">AFCP</a> and
94
+ <a href="TagNames/ID3.html">ID3</a>,
95
+ as well as the maker notes of many digital cameras by
96
+ <a href="TagNames/Canon.html">Canon</a>,
97
+ <a href="TagNames/Casio.html">Casio</a>,
98
+ <a href="TagNames/FLIR.html">FLIR</a>,
99
+ <a href="TagNames/FujiFilm.html">FujiFilm</a>,
100
+ <a href="TagNames/GE.html">GE</a>,
101
+ <a href="TagNames/HP.html">HP</a>,
102
+ <a href="TagNames/JVC.html">JVC/Victor</a>,
103
+ <a href="TagNames/Kodak.html">Kodak</a>,
104
+ <a href="TagNames/Leaf.html">Leaf</a>,
105
+ <a href="TagNames/Minolta.html">Minolta/Konica-Minolta</a>,
106
+ <a href="TagNames/Nikon.html">Nikon</a>,
107
+ <a href="TagNames/Olympus.html">Olympus/Epson</a>,
108
+ <a href="TagNames/Panasonic.html">Panasonic/Leica</a>,
109
+ <a href="TagNames/Pentax.html">Pentax/Asahi</a>,
110
+ <a href="TagNames/PhaseOne.html">Phase One</a>,
111
+ <a href="TagNames/Reconyx.html">Reconyx</a>,
112
+ <a href="TagNames/Ricoh.html">Ricoh</a>,
113
+ <a href="TagNames/Samsung.html">Samsung</a>,
114
+ <a href="TagNames/Sanyo.html">Sanyo</a>,
115
+ <a href="TagNames/Sigma.html">Sigma/Foveon</a> and
116
+ <a href="TagNames/Sony.html">Sony</a>.</p>
117
+
118
+ <p>ExifTool is also available as a <b>stand-alone Windows executable</b> and a
119
+ <b>Macintosh OS X package</b>: <i>(Note that these versions contain the executable
120
+ only, and do not include the HTML documentation or other files of the full
121
+ distribution above.)</i></p>
122
+
123
+ <blockquote><table class='dl lg'><tr><td><b>
124
+ <a name="alone">Windows Executable:</a>
125
+ <a href="exiftool-9.33.zip">
126
+ exiftool-9.33.zip</a> (3.5 MB)</b></td></tr></table></blockquote>
127
+
128
+ <p><b>The stand-alone Windows executable</b> does not require Perl. Just
129
+ download and un-zip the archive then double-click on
130
+ "<code>exiftool(-k).exe</code>" to read the application documentation,
131
+ drag-and-drop files and folders to view meta information, or rename to
132
+ "<code>exiftool.exe</code>" for command-line use. Runs on all versions
133
+ of Windows (including Windows 7).</p>
134
+
135
+ <blockquote><table class='dl lg'><tr><td><b>
136
+ Mac OS X Package:
137
+ <a href="ExifTool-9.33.dmg">
138
+ ExifTool-9.33.dmg</a> (2.3 MB)</b></td></tr></table></blockquote>
139
+
140
+ <p><b>The OS X package</b> installs the ExifTool command-line application and
141
+ libraries in /usr/bin. After installing, type "<code>exiftool</code>" in a
142
+ Terminal window to run exiftool and read the application documentation.</p>
143
+
144
+ <p>Read the <b><a href="install.html">installation instructions</a></b> for help
145
+ installing ExifTool on Windows, Mac OS X and Unix systems.</p>
146
+
147
+ <h2><a name="features">Features</a></h2>
148
+ <ul>
149
+ <li>Powerful, fast, flexible and customizable</li>
150
+ <li><a href="#supported">Supports a large number of different file formats</a></li>
151
+ <li>Reads <a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">EXIF</a>,
152
+ <a href="TagNames/GPS.html">GPS</a>,
153
+ <a href="TagNames/IPTC.html">IPTC</a>,
154
+ <a href="TagNames/XMP.html">XMP</a>,
155
+ <a href="TagNames/JFIF.html">JFIF</a>, MakerNotes,
156
+ <a href="TagNames/GeoTiff.html">GeoTIFF</a>,
157
+ <a href="TagNames/ICC_Profile.html">ICC Profile</a>,
158
+ <a href="TagNames/Photoshop.html">Photoshop IRB</a>,
159
+ <a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FlashPix</a>,
160
+ <a href="TagNames/AFCP.html">AFCP</a>,
161
+ <a href="TagNames/ID3.html">ID3</a> and more...</li>
162
+ <li>Writes <a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">EXIF</a>,
163
+ <a href="TagNames/GPS.html">GPS</a>,
164
+ <a href="TagNames/IPTC.html">IPTC</a>,
165
+ <a href="TagNames/XMP.html">XMP</a>,
166
+ <a href="TagNames/JFIF.html">JFIF</a>, MakerNotes,
167
+ <a href="TagNames/ICC_Profile.html">ICC Profile</a>,
168
+ <a href="TagNames/Photoshop.html">Photoshop IRB</a>,
169
+ <a href="TagNames/AFCP.html">AFCP</a> and more...</li>
170
+ <li>Reads and writes maker notes of many digital cameras</li>
171
+ <li>Decodes a riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma</li>
172
+ <li>Numerous output formatting options (including tab-delimited, HTML, XML and JSON)</li>
173
+ <li>Multi-lingual output (cs, de, en, en-ca, en-gb, es, fi, fr, it, ja, ko, nl, pl, ru, sv, tr, zh-cn or zh-tw)</li>
174
+ <li><a href="geotag.html">Geotags images</a> from GPS track log files (with time drift correction!)</li>
175
+ <li><a href="geotag.html#Reverse">Generates track logs</a> from geotagged images</li>
176
+ <li><a href="#shift">Shifts date/time values</a> to fix timestamps in images</li>
177
+ <li><a href="#filename">Renames files and organizes in directories</a> (by date
178
+ or by any other meta information)</li>
179
+ <li>Extracts thumbnail images, preview images, and large JPEG images from RAW files</li>
180
+ <li>Copies meta information between files (even different-format files)</li>
181
+ <li>Reads/writes <a href="struct.html">structured XMP information</a></li>
182
+ <li>Deletes meta information individually, in groups, or altogether</li>
183
+ <li>Sets the file modification date (and creation date in Windows) from EXIF information</li>
184
+ <li>Supports alternate language tags in <a href="TagNames/XMP.html">XMP</a>,
185
+ <a href="Tagnames/PNG.html#TextualData">PNG</a>, <a href="TagNames/ID3.html">ID3</a>,
186
+ <a href="TagNames/Font.html#Name">Font</a>, <a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QuickTime</a>,
187
+ <a href="TagNames/ICC_Profile.html">ICC Profile</a>, <a href="TagNames/MIE.html">MIE</a> and
188
+ <a href="TagNames/MXF.html">MXF</a> information</li>
189
+ <li>Processes entire directory trees</li>
190
+ <li>Creates text output file for each image file</li>
191
+ <li>Creates binary-format metadata-only (MIE) files for metadata backup</li>
192
+ <li>Automatically backs up original image when writing</li>
193
+ <li>Organizes output into groups</li>
194
+ <li>Conditionally processes files based on value of any meta information</li>
195
+ <li>Ability to <a href="config.html">add custom user-defined tags</a></li>
196
+ <li><a href="TagNames/MWG.html">Support for MWG</a> (Metadata Working Group) recommendations</li>
197
+ <li>Recognizes <a href="TagNames/index.html">thousands of different tags</a></li>
198
+ <li>Tested with images from <a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/models.html">thousands of different camera models</a></li>
199
+ <li>Advanced <a href="verbose.html">verbose</a> and <a href="htmldump.html">HTML-based
200
+ hex dump</a> outputs</li>
201
+ </ul>
202
+
203
+ <h2><a name="awk">A Note to Unix Power-Users</a></h2> <blockquote>If you find
204
+ the need to use "find" or "awk" in conjunction with ExifTool, then you probably
205
+ haven't discovered the full power of ExifTool. Read about the <code>-ext</code>,
206
+ <code>-if</code>, <code>-p</code> and <code>-tagsFromFile</code> options in the
207
+ <a href="exiftool_pod.html">application documentation</a>.</blockquote>
208
+
209
+ <h2><a name="comments">Comments by ExifTool Users</a></h2>
210
+ <blockquote>
211
+ <i>"In my experience, nothing but nothing is as complete, powerful, and flexible as
212
+ Phil Harvey's exiftool ... I've never seen anything that's in the same ballpark for power."</i>
213
+ - <a href="http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1034&amp;message=16582684">dpreview forum</a></blockquote>
214
+ <blockquote><i>"While there are a lot of image tools available, nothing comes close for accessing/updating
215
+ the metadata like ExifTool"</i> - <a href="http://blog.merg.be/?p=242">merg's blog</a></blockquote>
216
+ <blockquote><i>"Fast, reliable and amazingly comprehensive ..."</i>
217
+ - <a href="http://cpanratings.perl.org/dist/Image-ExifTool">CPAN ratings</a></blockquote>
218
+ <blockquote><i>"... the one piece of free software that gets the most
219
+ detailed exif data of /any/ tool I've found."</i>
220
+ - <a href="http://mail.gnome.org/archives/eog-list/2005-August/msg00002.html">gnome mail archives</a>
221
+ </blockquote>
222
+ <blockquote><i>"... no program or API gets close to ExifTool in terms of robustness,
223
+ feature count and support."</i> - <a href="http://www.christian-etter.de/?p=33">CE's Blog</a>
224
+ </blockquote>
225
+ <blockquote><i>"ExifTool makes every other EXIF reader (and writer) than I've
226
+ seen, including the camera manufacturers' readers, look lame."</i>
227
+ - <a href="http://photo.net/bboard/q-and-a-fetch-msg?msg_id=00IfoF">photo.net Nikon forum</a>
228
+ </blockquote>
229
+ <blockquote><i>"Insanely great tool with a long learning curve ..."</i> -
230
+ <a href="http://forums.adobe.com/message/1800175#1800175">Adobe Forums</a>
231
+ </blockquote>
232
+ <blockquote><i>"... it's super awesome, it's super reliable and after many years of
233
+ development it's still being updated!"</i> -
234
+ <a href="http://pw999.wordpress.com/2012/05/12/j-exiftool-read-and-write-exif-tags-in-java/">P_W999 blog</a>
235
+ </blockquote>
236
+ <blockquote><i>"... it is the mother of all EXIF utilities; the BFG of meta-data
237
+ extraction; the Pan Galactic Gargle Blaster of EXIF tools ... This thing will
238
+ suck the last bit of metadata out of whatever image file you throw at it!"</i> -
239
+ <a href="http://www.openphotographyforums.com/forums/showpost.php?p=4774&amp;postcount=40">Open Photography Forums</a>
240
+ </blockquote>
241
+
242
+ <h2><a name="supported">Supported File Types</a></h2>
243
+ <p>ExifTool can <b>R</b>ead, <b>W</b>rite and/or <b>C</b>reate files in the following formats:</p>
244
+ <blockquote><table class='norm tight'>
245
+ <tr><th>File Type</th><th>Support</th><th>Description</th></tr>
246
+ <tr><td>3FR</td><td>R</td><td>Hasselblad RAW (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
247
+ <tr><td>3G2, 3GP2</td><td>R</td><td>3rd Gen. Partnership Project 2 audio/video (<a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QuickTime</a>-based)</td></tr>
248
+ <tr><td>3GP, 3GPP</td><td>R</td><td>3rd Gen. Partnership Project audio/video (<a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QuickTime</a>-based)</td></tr>
249
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/DICOM.html">ACR</a></td><td>R</td><td>American College of Radiology ACR-NEMA (DICOM-like)</td></tr>
250
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Font.html">AFM, ACFM, AMFM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Adobe [Composite/Multiple Master] Font Metrics</td></tr>
251
+ <tr><td>AI, AIT</td><td>R/W</td><td>Adobe Illustrator [Template] (<a href="TagNames/PostScript.html">PS</a> or <a href="TagNames/PDF.html">PDF</a>)</td></tr>
252
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/AIFF.html">AIFF, AIF, AIFC</a></td><td>R</td><td>Audio Interchange File Format [Compressed]</td></tr>
253
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/APE.html">APE</a></td><td>R</td><td>Monkey's Audio</td></tr>
254
+ <tr><td>ARW</td><td>R/W</td><td>Sony Alpha RAW (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
255
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/ASF.html">ASF</a></td><td>R</td><td>Microsoft Advanced Systems Format</td></tr>
256
+ <tr><td>AVI</td><td>R</td><td>Audio Video Interleaved (<a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
257
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/BMP.html">BMP, DIB</a></td><td>R</td><td>Windows BitMaP / Device Independent Bitmap</td></tr>
258
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">BTF, TIFF, TIF</a></td><td>R</td><td>BigTIFF (64-bit Tagged Image File Format)</td></tr>
259
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/EXE.html#CHM">CHM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Microsoft Compiled HTML format</td></tr>
260
+ <tr><td>COS</td><td>R</td><td>Capture One Settings (XML-based)</td></tr>
261
+ <tr><td>CR2</td><td>R/W</td><td>Canon RAW 2 (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
262
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/CanonRaw.html">CRW, CIFF</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Canon RAW Camera Image File Format (<a href="canon_raw.html">CRW specification</a>)</td></tr>
263
+ <tr><td>CS1</td><td>R/W</td><td>Sinar CaptureShop 1-shot RAW (<a href="TagNames/Photoshop.html">PSD</a>-based)</td></tr>
264
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/DICOM.html">DCM, DC3, DIC, DICM</a></td><td>R</td><td>DICOM - Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine</td></tr>
265
+ <tr><td>DCP</td><td>R/W</td><td>DNG Camera Profile (<a href="TagNames/DNG.html">DNG</a>-like)</td></tr>
266
+ <tr><td>DCR</td><td>R</td><td>Kodak Digital Camera RAW (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
267
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Font.html">DFONT</a></td><td>R</td><td>Macintosh Data Fork Font</td></tr>
268
+ <tr><td>DIVX</td><td>R</td><td>DivX media format (<a href="TagNames/ASF.html">ASF</a>-based)</td></tr>
269
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/DjVu.html">DJVU, DJV</a></td><td>R</td><td>DjVu image (AIFF-like)</td></tr>
270
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/DNG.html">DNG</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Digital Negative (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
271
+ <tr><td>DOC, DOT</td><td>R</td><td>Microsoft Word Document/Template (<a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FPX</a>-like)</td></tr>
272
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">DOCX, DOCM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Office Open XML Document [Macro-enabled]</td></tr>
273
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">DOTX, DOTM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Office Open XML Document Template [Macro-enabled]</td></tr>
274
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/EXE.html#MachO">DYLIB</a></td><td>R</td><td>Mac OS X Mach-O executable and library files</td></tr>
275
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/DV.html">DV</a></td><td>R</td><td>Digital Video</td></tr>
276
+ <tr><td>DVB</td><td>R</td><td>Digital Video Broadcasting (<a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QuickTime</a>-based)</td></tr>
277
+ <tr><td>EIP</td><td>R</td><td>Capture One Enhanced Image Package (<a href="TagNames/ZIP.html">ZIP</a>-based)</td></tr>
278
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PostScript.html">EPS, EPSF, PS</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>[Encapsulated] PostScript Format</td></tr>
279
+ <tr><td>ERF</td><td>R/W</td><td>Epson RAW Format (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
280
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/EXE.html">EXE, DLL</a></td><td>R</td><td>DOS/Windows executable and library files</td></tr>
281
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">EXIF</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>Exchangable Image File Format metadata (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
282
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/OpenEXR.html">EXR</a></td><td>R</td><td>Open EXR (Extended Range)</td></tr>
283
+ <tr><td>F4A, F4B, F4P, F4V</td><td>R</td><td>Adobe Flash Player 9+ Audio/Video (<a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">Quicktime</a>-based)</td></tr>
284
+ <tr><td>FFF</td><td>R/W</td><td>Hasselblad Flexible File Format (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
285
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/FLIR.html#FFF">FFF</a></td><td>R</td><td>FLIR Systems thermal image File Format</td></tr>
286
+ <tr><td>FLA</td><td>R</td><td>Macromedia/Adobe Flash project (<a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FPX</a>-like)</td></tr>
287
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/FLAC.html">FLAC</a></td><td>R</td><td>Free Lossless Audio Codec</td></tr>
288
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Flash.html#FLV">FLV</a></td><td>R</td><td>Flash Video</td></tr>
289
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/FLIR.html#FPF">FPF</a></td><td>R</td><td>FLIR Public image Format</td></tr>
290
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FPX</a></td><td>R</td><td>FlashPix image</td></tr>
291
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/GIF.html">GIF</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Compuserve Graphics Interchange Format</td></tr>
292
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/ZIP.html#GZIP">GZ, GZIP</a></td><td>R</td><td>GNU ZIP compressed archive</td></tr>
293
+ <tr><td>HDP, WDP</td><td>R/W</td><td>Windows HD Photo / Media Photo (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
294
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Radiance.html">HDR</a></td><td>R</td><td>Radiance RGBE (Red Green Blue Exponent) High Dynamic-Range</td></tr>
295
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/HTML.html">HTML, HTM, XHTML</a></td><td>R</td><td>[Extensible] HyperText Markup Language</td></tr>
296
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/ICC_Profile.html">ICC, ICM</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>International Color Consortium color profile</td></tr>
297
+ <tr><td>IDML</td><td>R</td><td>Adobe InDesign Markup Language (ZIP/XML-based)</td></tr>
298
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PhaseOne.html">IIQ</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Phase One Intelligent Image Quality RAW (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
299
+ <tr><td>IND, INDD, INDT</td><td>R/W</td><td>Adobe InDesign Document/Template (<a href="TagNames/XMP.html">XMP</a> metadata only)</td></tr>
300
+ <tr><td>INX</td><td>R</td><td>Adobe InDesign Interchange (XML-based, <a href="TagNames/XMP.html">XMP</a> metadata only)</td></tr>
301
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/ITC.html">ITC</a></td><td>R</td><td>iTunes Cover Flow artwork</td></tr>
302
+ <tr><td>J2C, JPC</td><td>R</td><td>JPEG 2000 codestream</td></tr>
303
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Jpeg2000.html">JP2, JPF, J2K, JPM, JPX</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>JPEG 2000 image [Compound/Extended]</td></tr>
304
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/JPEG.html">JPEG, JPG</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Joint Photographic Experts Group image (<a href="#JPEG">see table below</a>)</td></tr>
305
+ <tr><td>K25</td><td>R</td><td>Kodak DC25 RAW (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
306
+ <tr><td>KDC</td><td>R</td><td>Kodak Digital Camera RAW (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
307
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/iWork.html">KEY, KTH</a></td><td>R</td><td>Apple iWork '09 Keynote presentation/Theme</td></tr>
308
+ <tr><td>LA</td><td>R</td><td>Lossless Audio (<a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
309
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/LNK.html">LNK</a></td><td>R</td><td>Microsoft Shell Link (Windows shortcut)</td></tr>
310
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/M2TS.html">M2TS, MTS, M2T, TS</a></td><td>R</td><td>MPEG-2 Transport Stream (used for AVCHD video)</td></tr>
311
+ <tr><td>M4A, M4B, M4P, M4V</td><td>R</td><td>MPEG-4 Audio/Video (<a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">Quicktime</a>-based)</td></tr>
312
+ <tr><td>MEF</td><td>R/W</td><td>Mamiya (RAW) Electronic Format (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
313
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/MIE.html">MIE</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>Meta Information Encapsulation (<a href="MIE1.1-20070121.pdf">MIE specification</a>)</td></tr>
314
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/MIFF.html">MIFF, MIF</a></td><td>R</td><td>Magick Image File Format</td></tr>
315
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Matroska.html">MKA, MKV, MKS</a></td><td>R</td><td>Matroska Audio/Video/Subtitle</td></tr>
316
+ <tr><td>MODD</td><td>R</td><td>Sony Picture Motion metadata (XML <a href="TagNames/PLIST.html">PLIST</a>-based)</td></tr>
317
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Leaf.html">MOS</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Creo Leaf Mosaic (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
318
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">MOV, QT</a></td><td>R</td><td>Apple QuickTime Movie</td></tr>
319
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/MPEG.html#Audio">MP3</a></td><td>R</td><td>MPEG-1 layer 3 audio (uses <a href="TagNames/ID3.html">ID3</a> information)</td></tr>
320
+ <tr><td>MP4</td><td>R</td><td>Motion Picture Experts Group version 4 (<a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">Quicktime</a>-based)</td></tr>
321
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/MPC.html">MPC</a></td><td>R</td><td>Musepack Audio</td></tr>
322
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/MPEG.html">MPEG, MPG, M2V</a></td><td>R</td><td>Motion Picture Experts Group version 1 or 2</td></tr>
323
+ <tr><td>MPO</td><td>R/W</td><td>Extended Multi-Picture format (<a href="TagNames/JPEG.html">JPEG</a> with <a href="TagNames/MPF.html">MPF</a> extensions)</td></tr>
324
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">MQV</a></td><td>R</td><td>Sony Mobile QuickTime Video</td></tr>
325
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/MinoltaRaw.html">MRW</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Minolta RAW</td></tr>
326
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/MXF.html">MXF</a></td><td>R</td><td>Material Exchange Format</td></tr>
327
+ <tr><td>NEF</td><td>R/W</td><td>Nikon (RAW) Electronic Format (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
328
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/iWork.html">NMBTEMPLATE</a></td><td>R</td><td>Apple iWork '09 Numbers Template</td></tr>
329
+ <tr><td>NRW</td><td>R/W</td><td>Nikon RAW (2) (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
330
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/iWork.html">NUMBERS</a></td><td>R</td><td>Apple iWork '09 Numbers spreadsheet</td></tr>
331
+ <tr><td>ODB, ODC, ODF, ODG,<br>ODI, ODP, ODS, ODT</td><td>R</td><td>Open Document Database/Chart/Formula/Graphics/<br>Image/Presentation/Spreadsheet/Text (ZIP/XML-based)</td></tr>
332
+ <tr><td>OFR</td><td>R</td><td>OptimFROG audio (<a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
333
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Ogg.html">OGG, OGV</a></td><td>R</td><td>Ogg bitstream container</td></tr>
334
+ <tr><td>ORF</td><td>R/W</td><td>Olympus RAW Format (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
335
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Font.html">OTF</a></td><td>R</td><td>Open Type Font</td></tr>
336
+ <tr><td>PAC</td><td>R</td><td>Lossless Predictive Audio Compression (<a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
337
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/iWork.html">PAGES</a></td><td>R</td><td>Apple iWork '09 Pages document</td></tr>
338
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PhotoCD.html">PCD</a></td><td>R</td><td>Kodak Photo CD Image Pac</td></tr>
339
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PDF.html">PDF</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Adobe Portable Document Format</td></tr>
340
+ <tr><td>PEF</td><td>R/W</td><td>Pentax (RAW) Electronic Format (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
341
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Font.html">PFA, PFB</a></td><td>R</td><td>PostScript Font ASCII/Binary</td></tr>
342
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Font.html">PFM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Printer Font Metrics</td></tr>
343
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PGF.html">PGF</a></td><td>R</td><td>Progressive Graphics File</td></tr>
344
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PICT.html">PICT, PCT</a></td><td>R</td><td>Apple Picture file</td></tr>
345
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PLIST.html">PLIST</a></td><td>R</td><td>Apple Property List (binary and XML formats)</td></tr>
346
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Sony.html#PMP">PMP</a></td><td>R</td><td>Sony DSC-F1 Cyber-Shot image</td></tr>
347
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PNG.html">PNG</a>, <a href="TagNames/MNG.html">JNG, MNG</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Portable/JPEG/Multiple-image Network Graphics</td></tr>
348
+ <tr><td>PPM, PBM, PGM</td><td>R/W</td><td>Portable Pixel/Bit/Gray Map</td></tr>
349
+ <tr><td>PPT, PPS, POT</td><td>R</td><td>Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation/Slideshow/Template (<a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FPX</a>-like)</td></tr>
350
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">POTX, POTM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Office Open XML Presentation Template [Macro-enabled]</td></tr>
351
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">PPSX, PPSM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Office Open XML Presentation Slideshow [Macro-enabled]</td></tr>
352
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">PPTX, PPTM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Office Open XML Presentation [Macro-enabled]</td></tr>
353
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Photoshop.html">PSD, PSB</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>PhotoShop Drawing / Large Document</td></tr>
354
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PSP.html">PSP, PSPIMAGE</a></td><td>R</td><td>Paint Shop Pro</td></tr>
355
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QTIF, QTI, QIF</a></td><td>R</td><td>QuickTime Image File</td></tr>
356
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Real.html#Audio">RA</a></td><td>R</td><td>Real Audio</td></tr>
357
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/FujiFilm.html#RAF">RAF</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>FujiFilm RAW Format</td></tr>
358
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Real.html#Metafile">RAM, RPM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Real Audio/Plug-in Metafile</td></tr>
359
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/ZIP.html#RAR">RAR</a></td><td>R</td><td>RAR Archive</td></tr>
360
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/KyoceraRaw.html">RAW</a></td><td>R</td><td>Kyocera Contax N Digital RAW</td></tr>
361
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PanasonicRaw.html">RAW</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Panasonic RAW (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
362
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF, RIF</a></td><td>R</td><td>Resource Interchange File Format</td></tr>
363
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Real.html">RM, RV, RMVB</a></td><td>R</td><td>Real Media/Video [Variable Bitrate]</td></tr>
364
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/RSRC.html">RSRC</a></td><td>R</td><td>Mac OS Resource</td></tr>
365
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/RTF.html">RTF</a></td><td>R</td><td>Rich Text Format</td></tr>
366
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PanasonicRaw.html">RW2</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Panasonic RAW 2 (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
367
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PanasonicRaw.html">RWL</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Leica RAW (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
368
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Rawzor.html">RWZ</a></td><td>R</td><td>Rawzor compressed image</td></tr>
369
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/EXE.html#ELF">SO</a></td><td>R</td><td>Unix ELF executable and Shared Object files</td></tr>
370
+ <tr><td>SR2</td><td>R/W</td><td>Sony RAW 2 (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
371
+ <tr><td>SRF</td><td>R</td><td>Sony RAW Format (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
372
+ <tr><td>SRW</td><td>R/W</td><td>Samsung RAW format (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
373
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/XMP.html#SVG">SVG</a></td><td>R</td><td>Scalable Vector Graphics (XML-based)</td></tr>
374
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Flash.html">SWF</a></td><td>R</td><td>Shockwave Flash</td></tr>
375
+ <tr><td>THM</td><td>R/W</td><td>Canon Thumbnail (<a href="TagNames/JPEG.html">JPEG</a>)</td></tr>
376
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">THMX</a></td><td>R</td><td>Office Open XML Theme</td></tr>
377
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF, TIF</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Tagged Image File Format</td></tr>
378
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Font.html">TTF, TTC</a></td><td>R</td><td>True Type Font/Collection</td></tr>
379
+ <tr><td>VOB</td><td>R</td><td>Video Object (<a href="TagNames/MPEG.html">MPEG</a>-based)</td></tr>
380
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/CanonVRD.html">VRD</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>Canon DPP Recipe Data</td></tr>
381
+ <tr><td>VSD</td><td>R</td><td>Microsoft Visio Drawing (<a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FPX</a>-like)</td></tr>
382
+ <tr><td>WAV</td><td>R</td><td>Windows digital audio WAVeform (<a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
383
+ <tr><td>WEBM</td><td>R</td><td>Google Web Movie (<a href="TagNames/Matroska.html">MKV</a>-based)</td></tr>
384
+ <tr><td>WEBP</td><td>R</td><td>Google Web Picture (<a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
385
+ <tr><td>WMA, WMV</td><td>R</td><td>Windows Media Audio/Video (<a href="TagNames/ASF.html">ASF</a>-based)</td></tr>
386
+ <tr><td>WV</td><td>R</td><td>WavePack lossless audio (<a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF</a>-based)</td></tr>
387
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/SigmaRaw.html">X3F</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Sigma/Foveon RAW</td></tr>
388
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/GIMP.html">XCF</a></td><td>R</td><td>GIMP native image format</td></tr>
389
+ <tr><td>XLS, XLT</td><td>R</td><td>Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet/Template (<a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FPX</a>-like)</td></tr>
390
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">XLSX, XLSM, XLSB</a></td><td>R</td><td>Office Open XML Spreadsheet [Macro-enabled/Binary]</td></tr>
391
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">XLTX, XLTM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Office Open XML Spreadsheet Template [Macro-enabled]</td></tr>
392
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/XMP.html">XMP</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>Extensible Metadata Platform sidecar file</td></tr>
393
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/ZIP.html">ZIP</a></td><td>R</td><td>ZIP archive</td></tr>
394
+ </table></blockquote>
395
+
396
+ <h3><a name="JPEG">Supported JPEG Meta Information</a></h3>
397
+ <p>ExifTool can <b>R</b>ead, <b>W</b>rite and/or <b>C</b>reate the following types
398
+ of meta information in JPEG images:</p>
399
+ <blockquote><table class='norm tight'>
400
+ <tr><th>JPEG Meta Information</th><th>Support</th><th>Description</th></tr>
401
+ <tr><td>APP0 - <a href="TagNames/JFIF.html">JFIF</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>JPEG File Interchange Format</td></tr>
402
+ <tr><td>APP0 - <a href="TagNames/JFIF.html#Extension">JFXX</a></td><td>R</td><td>Extended JFIF</td></tr>
403
+ <tr><td>APP0 - <a href="TagNames/CanonRaw.html">CIFF</a></td><td>R/W</td><td><a href="canon_raw.html">Camera Image File Format</a> (used by some Canon models)</td></tr>
404
+ <tr><td>APP0 - <a href="TagNames/JPEG.html#AVI1">AVI1</a></td><td>R</td><td>JPEG AVI information</td></tr>
405
+ <tr><td>APP0 - <a href="TagNames/JPEG.html#Ocad">Ocad</a></td><td>R</td><td>Photobucket Ocad segment</td></tr>
406
+ <tr><td>APP1 - <a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">EXIF</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>Exchangeable Image File Format (including maker notes)</td></tr>
407
+ <tr><td>APP1 - <a href="TagNames/XMP.html">XMP</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>Extensible Metadata Platform (multi-segment)</td></tr>
408
+ <tr><td>APP1 - <a href="TagNames/Casio.html#QVCI">QVCI</a></td><td>R</td><td>Casio QV-7000SX QVCI information</td></tr>
409
+ <tr><td>APP1 - <a href="TagNames/FLIR.html#FFF">FLIR</a></td><td>R</td><td>FLIR thermal imaging data (multi-segment)</td></tr>
410
+ <tr><td>APP2 - <a href="TagNames/ICC_Profile.html">ICC</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>International Color Consortium (multi-segment)</td></tr>
411
+ <tr><td>APP2 - <a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FPXR</a></td><td>R</td><td>FlashPix Ready (multi-segment)</td></tr>
412
+ <tr><td>APP2 - <a href="TagNames/MPF.html">MPF</a></td><td>R</td><td>Multi-Picture Format</td></tr>
413
+ <tr><td>APP2 - PreviewImage</td><td>R</td><td>Samsung APP2 preview image (multi-segment)</td></tr>
414
+ <tr><td>APP3 - <a href="TagNames/Kodak.html#Meta">Kodak Meta</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Kodak Meta information (EXIF-like)</td></tr>
415
+ <tr><td>APP3 - <a href="TagNames/Stim.html">Stim</a></td><td>R</td><td>Stereo Still Image format</td></tr>
416
+ <tr><td>APP3 - PreviewImage</td><td>R</td><td>Samsung/HP preview image (multi-segment)</td></tr>
417
+ <tr><td>APP4 - <a href="TagNames/JPEG.html#Scalado">Scalado</a></td><td>R</td><td>(presumably written by <a href="http://www.scalado.com/">Scalado</a> mobile software)</td></tr>
418
+ <tr><td>APP4 - <a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FPXR</a></td><td>R</td><td>FlashPix Ready in non-standard location (multi-segment)</td></tr>
419
+ <tr><td>APP4 - PreviewImage</td><td>R</td><td>(continued from APP3)</td></tr>
420
+ <tr><td>APP5 - <a href="TagNames/Ricoh.html#RMETA">Ricoh RMETA</a></td><td>R</td><td>Ricoh custom fields</td></tr>
421
+ <tr><td>APP5 - PreviewImage</td><td>R</td><td>(continued from APP4)</td></tr>
422
+ <tr><td>APP6 - <a href="TagNames/JPEG.html#EPPIM">EPPIM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Toshiba PrintIM</td></tr>
423
+ <tr><td>APP6 - <a href="TagNames/JPEG.html#NITF">NITF</a></td><td>R</td><td>National Imagery Transmission Format</td></tr>
424
+ <tr><td>APP6 - <a href="TagNames/HP.html#TDHD">HP TDHD</a></td><td>R</td><td>Hewlett-Packard Photosmart R837 TDHD information</td></tr>
425
+ <tr><td>APP7 - <a href="TagNames/Qualcomm.html">Qualcomm</a></td><td>R</td><td>Qualcomm Camera Attributes</td></tr>
426
+ <tr><td>APP8 - <a href="TagNames/JPEG.html#SPIFF">SPIFF</a></td><td>R</td><td>Still Picture Interchange File Format</td></tr>
427
+ <tr><td>APP10 - Comment</td><td>R</td><td>PhotoStudio Unicode Comment</td></tr>
428
+ <tr><td>APP12 - <a href="TagNames/APP12.html#PictureInfo">Picture Info</a></td><td>R</td><td>ASCII-based Picture Information</td></tr>
429
+ <tr><td>APP12 - <a href="TagNames/APP12.html#Ducky">Ducky</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>Photoshop "Save for Web"</td></tr>
430
+ <tr><td>APP13 - <a href="TagNames/Photoshop.html">Photoshop IRB</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>Image Resource Block (multi-segment, includes <a href="TagNames/IPTC.html">IPTC</a>)</td></tr>
431
+ <tr><td>APP13 - <a href="TagNames/JPEG.html#AdobeCM">Adobe CM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Adobe Color Management</td></tr>
432
+ <tr><td>APP14 - <a href="TagNames/JPEG.html#Adobe">Adobe</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>Adobe DCT filter</td></tr>
433
+ <tr><td>APP15 - <a href="TagNames/JPEG.html#GraphConv">GraphicConverter</a></td><td>R</td><td>GraphicConverter quality</td></tr>
434
+ <tr><td>COM</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>JPEG Comment (multi-segment)</td></tr>
435
+ <tr><td>DQT</td><td>R</td><td>(used to calculate the <a href="TagNames/Extra.html">Extra:JPEGDigest</a> tag value)</td></tr>
436
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/JPEG.html#SOF">SOF</a></td><td>R</td><td>JPEG Start Of Frame</td></tr>
437
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/AFCP.html">AFCP trailer</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>AXS File Concatenation Protocol (includes <a href="TagNames/IPTC.html">IPTC</a>)</td></tr>
438
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/CanonVRD.html">CanonVRD trailer</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>Canon DPP Recipe Data</td></tr>
439
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/FotoStation.html">FotoStation trailer</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>FotoWare FotoStation (includes <a href="TagNames/IPTC.html">IPTC</a>)</td></tr>
440
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PhotoMechanic.html">PhotoMechanic trailer</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Camera Bits Photo Mechanic</td></tr>
441
+ <tr><td><a href="TagNames/MIE.html">MIE trailer</a></td><td>R/W</td><td><a href="MIE1.1-20070121.pdf">Meta Information Encapsulation</a></td></tr>
442
+ <tr><td>PreviewImage trailer</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>(preview image written after JPEG EOI)</td></tr>
443
+ </table></blockquote>
444
+
445
+ <h2><a name="system">System Requirements</a></h2>
446
+
447
+ <p>Requires Perl 5.004 or later. No other libraries or software required.</p>
448
+
449
+ <p><b>Windows users:</b> A <a href="#alone">stand-alone Windows executable</a>
450
+ version of ExifTool is available which doesn't require Perl. You can also use
451
+ the pure Perl version if you already have Perl installed. (You can get a good,
452
+ free Perl interpreter from
453
+ <a href="http://www.activestate.com/activeperl/">activeperl.com</a>.)</p>
454
+
455
+ <p><b>Everyone else (Mac, Unix, etc):</b> Don't worry, you should already have
456
+ Perl installed.</p>
457
+
458
+ <h2><a name="running">Running ExifTool</a></h2>
459
+
460
+ <p>The <a href="exiftool_pod.html">exiftool application</a> provides a
461
+ convenient command-line interface for the
462
+ <a href="ExifTool.html">Image::ExifTool</a> Perl package (both included in the
463
+ full distribution). Once you have downloaded and extracted the distribution, you
464
+ can immediately run exiftool (without building or installing) by typing
465
+ "<code><i>DIR</i>/exiftool <i>FILE</i></code>" (or
466
+ "<code>perl <i>DIR</i>/exiftool <i>FILE</i></code>" in Windows), where
467
+ <code><i>DIR</i></code> is the exiftool directory and <code><i>FILE</i></code>
468
+ is the name of an image file, including directory name. Read the
469
+ <a href="install.html">installation instructions</a> or the README file included
470
+ in the full distribution for help installing ExifTool.</p>
471
+
472
+ <p>Many command-line options are available to allow you to access a wide range
473
+ of features. Run exiftool with no arguments for a
474
+ <a href="exiftool_pod.html">complete list of available options with
475
+ examples</a>.</p>
476
+
477
+ <h3>Running in Windows</h3>
478
+
479
+ <p><b>i) From the command line:</b></p>
480
+
481
+ <p>The Perl application ("<code>exiftool</code>") is run by typing "<code>perl
482
+ exiftool</code>". Alternately, you may be able to rename it to
483
+ "<code>exiftool.pl</code>" and type "<code>exiftool.pl</code>", but this
484
+ requires that the proper Windows associations have been made for the the
485
+ "<code>.pl</code>" extension.</p>
486
+
487
+ <p>The stand-alone version ("<code>exiftool(-k).exe</code>") should be
488
+ renamed to "<code>exiftool.exe</code>" to allow it to be run by typing
489
+ "<code>exiftool</code>" at the command line.</p>
490
+
491
+ <p>If the exiftool executable ("<code>exiftool.pl</code>" or
492
+ "<code>exiftool.exe</code>") is not in the current directory or your system
493
+ PATH, then its directory must be specified on the command line (ie. by typing
494
+ "<code>c:\path_to_exiftool\exiftool.pl</code>" or
495
+ "<code>c:\path_to_exiftool\exiftool</code>").</p>
496
+
497
+ <p>Note that when typing commands in the "cmd.exe" shell, you should use double
498
+ quotes instead of single quotes as shown in some examples.</p>
499
+
500
+ <p><b>ii) Stand-alone version in the Windows GUI:</b></p>
501
+
502
+ <p>Double-click on "<code>exiftool(-k).exe</code>" to read the application
503
+ documentation, or drag-and-drop files and folders to run exiftool on the
504
+ selected files.</p>
505
+
506
+ <p>Simple options may be added inside brackets in the name of the stand-alone
507
+ executable. (But note that the characters <code>/\?*:|"&lt;&gt;</code> may not
508
+ be used because they are invalid in Windows file names.) In this way, the
509
+ behaviour of the drag-and-drop application can be customized. For example:</p>
510
+
511
+ <blockquote><table class='norm'>
512
+ <tr><th>Executable Name</th><th>Operation</th></tr>
513
+ <tr><td><pre>exiftool(-k).exe</pre></td>
514
+ <td>Print meta information in window and pause before terminating.</td></tr>
515
+ <tr><td><pre>exiftool(-k -a -u -g1 -w txt).exe</pre></td>
516
+ <td>Generate output "<code>.txt</code>" files with detailed meta information.</td></tr>
517
+ <tr><td><pre>exiftool(-k -o %d%f.xmp).exe</pre></td>
518
+ <td>Generate sidecar "<code>.xmp</code>" files.</td></tr>
519
+ <tr><td><pre>exiftool(-copyright='Phil Harvey').exe</pre></td>
520
+ <td>Add copyright information (and don't pause before terminating).</td></tr>
521
+ </table></blockquote>
522
+
523
+ <p><b>Hint:</b> Options may also be added to the "Target" property of a Windows
524
+ shortcut for the executable. Using a shortcut has 3 advantages over adding
525
+ options in the file name: 1) different shortcuts may be created without
526
+ requiring multiple copies of the executable, 2) characters which are invalid
527
+ in file names may be used, and 3) the shortcuts can be given more meaningful
528
+ (and convenient) file names.</p>
529
+
530
+ <p>As well, it may be useful to increase the window and buffer sizes to display
531
+ more information: Right-click on the window's title bar then select
532
+ "Properties" from the menu and change the window layout settings.</p>
533
+
534
+ <h2><a name="output">Example Output</a></h2>
535
+
536
+ <blockquote>
537
+ <table width='100%'><tr valign='top'><td>
538
+ &gt; <code>exiftool -h -canon pics/IMG_0315.JPG</code><br>&nbsp;
539
+
540
+ <!-- pics/IMG_0315.JPG -->
541
+ <table class='box sm tight'>
542
+ <tr><td>File Name</td><td>IMG_0315.JPG</td></tr>
543
+ <tr><td>Camera Model Name</td><td>Canon EOS DIGITAL REBEL</td></tr>
544
+ <tr><td>Date/Time Original</td><td>2003:09:30 13:37:51</td></tr>
545
+ <tr><td>Shooting Mode</td><td>Sports</td></tr>
546
+ <tr><td>Shutter Speed</td><td>1/2000</td></tr>
547
+ <tr><td>Aperture</td><td>7.1</td></tr>
548
+ <tr><td>Metering Mode</td><td>Evaluative</td></tr>
549
+ <tr><td>Exposure Compensation</td><td>0</td></tr>
550
+ <tr><td>ISO</td><td>400</td></tr>
551
+ <tr><td>Lens</td><td>75.0 - 300.0 mm</td></tr>
552
+ <tr><td>Focal Length</td><td>300.0 mm</td></tr>
553
+ <tr><td>Image Size</td><td>3072x2048</td></tr>
554
+ <tr><td>Quality</td><td>Normal</td></tr>
555
+ <tr><td>Flash</td><td>Off, Did not fire</td></tr>
556
+ <tr><td>White Balance</td><td>Auto</td></tr>
557
+ <tr><td>Focus Mode</td><td>AI Servo AF</td></tr>
558
+ <tr><td>Contrast</td><td>+1</td></tr>
559
+ <tr><td>Sharpness</td><td>+1</td></tr>
560
+ <tr><td>Saturation</td><td>+1</td></tr>
561
+ <tr><td>Color Tone</td><td>Normal</td></tr>
562
+ <tr><td>File Size</td><td>1606 kB</td></tr>
563
+ <tr><td>File Number</td><td>103-0315</td></tr>
564
+ <tr><td>Drive Mode</td><td>Continuous shooting</td></tr>
565
+ <tr><td>Owner Name</td><td>Phil Harvey</td></tr>
566
+ <tr><td>Serial Number</td><td>0560012345</td></tr>
567
+ </table>
568
+ </td><td>
569
+ &gt; <code>exiftool -lang ja -h -canon pics/IMG_0315.JPG</code><br>&nbsp;
570
+
571
+ <!-- pics/IMG_0315.JPG -->
572
+ <table class='box sm tight'>
573
+ <tr><td>&#x30d5;&#x30a1;&#x30a4;&#x30eb;&#x540d;</td><td>IMG_0315.JPG</td></tr>
574
+ <tr><td>&#x753b;&#x50cf;&#x5165;&#x529b;&#x6a5f;&#x5668;&#x30e2;&#x30c7;&#x30eb;</td><td>Canon EOS DIGITAL REBEL</td></tr>
575
+ <tr><td>&#x30aa;&#x30ea;&#x30b8;&#x30ca;&#x30eb;&#x30c7;&#x30fc;&#x30bf;&#x4f5c;&#x6210;&#x65e5;&#x6642;</td><td>2003:09:30 13:37:51</td></tr>
576
+ <tr><td>&#x64ae;&#x5f71;&#x30e2;&#x30fc;&#x30c9;</td><td>&#x30b9;&#x30dd;&#x30fc;&#x30c4;</td></tr>
577
+ <tr><td>&#x9732;&#x51fa;&#x6642;&#x9593;</td><td>1/2000</td></tr>
578
+ <tr><td>&#x7d5e;&#x308a;</td><td>7.1</td></tr>
579
+ <tr><td>&#x6e2c;&#x5149;&#x30e2;&#x30fc;&#x30c9;</td><td>&#x8a55;&#x4fa1;</td></tr>
580
+ <tr><td>&#x9732;&#x51fa;&#x88dc;&#x6b63;&#x5024;</td><td>0</td></tr>
581
+ <tr><td>ISO&#x30b9;&#x30d4;&#x30fc;&#x30c9;&#x30ec;&#x30fc;&#x30c8;</td><td>400</td></tr>
582
+ <tr><td>&#x30ec;&#x30f3;&#x30ba;</td><td>75.0 - 300.0 mm</td></tr>
583
+ <tr><td>&#x30ec;&#x30f3;&#x30ba;&#x7126;&#x70b9;&#x8ddd;&#x96e2;</td><td>300.0 mm</td></tr>
584
+ <tr><td>&#x30a4;&#x30e1;&#x30fc;&#x30b8;&#x30b5;&#x30a4;&#x30ba;</td><td>3072x2048</td></tr>
585
+ <tr><td>&#x54c1;&#x8cea;</td><td>&#x6a19;&#x6e96;</td></tr>
586
+ <tr><td>&#x30b9;&#x30c8;&#x30ed;&#x30dc;</td><td>&#x30d5;&#x30e9;&#x30c3;&#x30b7;&#x30e5;&#x672a;&#x767a;&#x5149;&#x3001;&#x5f37;&#x5236;&#x767a;&#x5149;&#x30e2;&#x30fc;&#x30c9;</td></tr>
587
+ <tr><td>&#x30db;&#x30ef;&#x30a4;&#x30c8;&#x30d0;&#x30e9;&#x30f3;&#x30b9;</td><td>&#x30aa;&#x30fc;&#x30c8;</td></tr>
588
+ <tr><td>&#x30d5;&#x30a9;&#x30fc;&#x30ab;&#x30b9;&#x30e2;&#x30fc;&#x30c9;</td><td>AI&#x30b5;&#x30fc;&#x30dc;AF</td></tr>
589
+ <tr><td>&#x30b3;&#x30f3;&#x30c8;&#x30e9;&#x30b9;&#x30c8;</td><td>+1</td></tr>
590
+ <tr><td>&#x30b7;&#x30e3;&#x30fc;&#x30d7;&#x30cd;&#x30b9;</td><td>+1</td></tr>
591
+ <tr><td>&#x5f69;&#x5ea6;</td><td>+1</td></tr>
592
+ <tr><td>&#x30ab;&#x30e9;&#x30fc;&#x30c8;&#x30fc;&#x30f3;</td><td>&#x6a19;&#x6e96;</td></tr>
593
+ <tr><td>&#x30d5;&#x30a1;&#x30a4;&#x30eb;&#x306e;&#x30b5;&#x30a4;&#x30ba;</td><td>1606 kB</td></tr>
594
+ <tr><td>&#x30d5;&#x30a1;&#x30a4;&#x30eb;&#x756a;&#x53f7;</td><td>103-0315</td></tr>
595
+ <tr><td>&#x30c9;&#x30e9;&#x30a4;&#x30d6;&#x30e2;&#x30fc;&#x30c9;</td><td>&#x9023;&#x7d9a;&#x64ae;&#x5f71;</td></tr>
596
+ <tr><td>&#x30aa;&#x30fc;&#x30ca;&#x30fc;&#x540d;</td><td>Phil Harvey</td></tr>
597
+ <tr><td>&#x30b7;&#x30ea;&#x30a2;&#x30eb;&#x756a;&#x53f7;</td><td>0560012345</td></tr>
598
+ </table>
599
+ </td></tr></table>
600
+ </blockquote>
601
+
602
+ <h3>Verbose and HtmlDump Output</h3>
603
+
604
+ <p>The <a href="verbose.html">Verbose</a> (<code>-v</code>) and <a
605
+ href="htmldump.html">HtmlDump</a> (<code>-htmlDump</code>) options print additional
606
+ information that can be very useful for debugging or when decoding new tags.</p>
607
+
608
+ <h2><a name="tagnames">Tag Names Explained</a></h2>
609
+
610
+ <p>A tag name is a "handle" that is used to refer to a specific piece of meta
611
+ information. Tag names are entered on the command line with a leading
612
+ '<code>-</code>', in the order you want them displayed. Case is not
613
+ significant. The tag name may be prefixed by a <a href="#groups">group name</a>
614
+ from family 0 or 1 (separated by a colon) to identify a specific information
615
+ type or location. A special tag name of "<code>All</code>" may be used to
616
+ represent all tags, or all tags in a specified group. For example:</p>
617
+
618
+ <blockquote><pre>
619
+ exiftool -filename -imagesize -exif:fnumber -xmp:all image.jpg
620
+ </pre></blockquote>
621
+
622
+ <p>A complete list of <a href="TagNames/index.html">ExifTool Tag Names</a>
623
+ accompanies this documentation. As well, current lists of available tag names
624
+ and writable tag names may be obtained using the exiftool <code>-list</code> and
625
+ <code>-listw</code> options. But perhaps the easiest way to determine a tag name
626
+ is to use the <code>-s</code> option to print the tag names instead of
627
+ descriptions for all information in a file. It may also be helpful to use the
628
+ <code>-G</code> option to display the group names, and the <code>-H</code> or
629
+ <code>-D</code> option to print the numerical tag ID's for reference.</p>
630
+
631
+ <p><b>Notes:</b></p>
632
+
633
+ <ol><li>Tag names sometimes differ from their descriptions. Use the
634
+ <code>-s</code> command-line option to see the actual tag names instead of the
635
+ descriptions shown when extracting information.</li>
636
+ <li>When extracting information, tags will not appear in the output unless they
637
+ exist in the file, even if they are specified on the command line. The
638
+ <code>-f</code> option may be used to force all specified tags to be displayed.</li>
639
+ <li>Information for a given tag name may occur in multiple locations within a
640
+ single file. By default these duplicate tags are suppressed, but the <code>-a</code>
641
+ option may be used to extract all tags.</li>
642
+ <li>Tag names may be suffixed by a '<code>#</code>' character to disable the
643
+ print conversion on a per-tag basis. See the
644
+ <a href="exiftool_pod.html#item_n">-n option</a> in the application
645
+ documentation for more information.</li>
646
+ </ol>
647
+
648
+ <h3><a name="shortcut">Shortcut Tags</a></h3>
649
+ <p>Shortcut tags represent one or more other tags, and are used like any other
650
+ tag when reading, writing or copying information.</p>
651
+
652
+ <p>ExifTool defines <a href="TagNames/Shortcuts.html">a few shortcut tags</a>
653
+ in the Image::ExifTool::Shortcuts module, and allows users to define their own
654
+ shortcuts in a <a href="config.html">configuration file</a> called
655
+ "<code>.ExifTool_config</code>" in their home directory or exiftool application
656
+ directory. Here is a simple example that defines two shortcuts:</p>
657
+
658
+ <blockquote><table class='box'><tr><td><pre class='blk'>
659
+ %Image::ExifTool::UserDefined::Shortcuts = (
660
+ MyShortcut =&gt; ['createdate','exposuretime','aperture'],
661
+ MyAlias =&gt; 'FocalLengthIn35mmFormat',
662
+ );
663
+ </pre></td></tr></table></blockquote>
664
+
665
+ <p>In this example, MyShortcut is a shortcut for the CreateDate, ExposureTime
666
+ and Aperture tags, and MyAlias is a shortcut for FocalLengthIn35mmFormat.</p>
667
+
668
+ <p>The current shortcuts may be listed with the <code>-list</code> option.</p>
669
+
670
+ <p>The <code>~/.ExifTool_config</code> file may also be used to define new tags.
671
+ For more information about the configuration file, see the
672
+ <a href="config.html">sample configuration file</a> included with the ExifTool
673
+ distribution.</p>
674
+
675
+ <p><b>Windows tip:</b> You may have difficulty generating a filename beginning
676
+ with a '<code>.</code>' in the Windows GUI, but it can be done with the
677
+ "<code>rename</code>" command at the cmd.exe prompt.</p>
678
+
679
+ <h2><a name="groups">Tag Groups</a></h2>
680
+
681
+ <p>ExifTool classifies tags into groups in five different families.
682
+ These groups are:</p>
683
+
684
+ <blockquote><table class='norm'>
685
+ <tr><th>Family</th><th>Group Names</th></tr>
686
+ <tr><td><b>0 (Information&nbsp;Type)</b></td>
687
+ <td>AFCP, AIFF, APE, APP0, APP1, APP12, APP13, APP14, APP15, APP4, APP5, APP6,
688
+ APP8, ASF, CanonVRD, Composite, DICOM, DNG, DV, DjVu, Ducky, EXE, EXIF,
689
+ ExifTool, FLAC, FLIR, File, Flash, FlashPix, Font, FotoStation, GIF, GIMP,
690
+ GeoTiff, H264, HTML, ICC_Profile, ID3, IPTC, ITC, JFIF, JPEG, Jpeg2000, LNK,
691
+ Leaf, M2TS, MIE, MIFF, MNG, MPC, MPEG, MPF, MXF, MakerNotes, Matroska, Meta,
692
+ Ogg, OpenEXR, PDF, PICT, PLIST, PNG, PSP, PanasonicRaw, PhotoCD,
693
+ PhotoMechanic, Photoshop, PostScript, PrintIM, QuickTime, RAF, RIFF, RSRC,
694
+ RTF, Radiance, Rawzor, Real, SVG, SigmaRaw, Stim, Theora, Vorbis, XML, XMP,
695
+ ZIP
696
+ </td></tr>
697
+ <tr><td><b>1&nbsp;(Specific&nbsp;Location)</b></td>
698
+ <td>AC3, AFCP, AIFF, APE, ASF, AVI1, Adobe, AdobeCM, AdobeDNG, CIFF, Canon,
699
+ CanonCustom, CanonRaw, CanonVRD, Casio, Chapter#, Composite, DICOM, DNG, DV,
700
+ DjVu, DjVu-Meta, Ducky, EPPIM, EXE, EXIF, ExifIFD, ExifTool, FLAC, File,
701
+ Flash, FlashPix, FLIR, Font, FotoStation, FujiFilm, FujiIFD, GE, GIF, GIMP,
702
+ GPS, GeoTiff, GlobParamIFD, GraphConv, H264, HP, HTML, HTML-dc, HTML-ncc,
703
+ HTML-office, HTML-prod, HTML-vw96, HTTP-equiv, ICC-chrm, ICC-clrt,
704
+ ICC-header, ICC-meas, ICC-meta, ICC-view, ICC_Profile, ICC_Profile#, ID3,
705
+ ID3v1, ID3v1_Enh, ID3v2_2, ID3v2_3, ID3v2_4, IFD0, IFD1, IPTC, IPTC#, ITC,
706
+ InteropIFD, JFIF, JPEG, JVC, Jpeg2000, KDC_IFD, Kodak, KodakBordersIFD,
707
+ KodakEffectsIFD, KodakIFD, KyoceraRaw, LNK, Leaf, LeafSubIFD, Leica, M2TS,
708
+ MAC, MIE-Audio, MIE-Camera, MIE-Canon, MIE-Doc, MIE-Extender, MIE-Flash,
709
+ MIE-GPS, MIE-Geo, MIE-Image, MIE-Lens, MIE-Main, MIE-MakerNotes, MIE-Meta,
710
+ MIE-Orient, MIE-Preview, MIE-Thumbnail, MIE-UTM, MIE-Unknown, MIE-Video,
711
+ MIFF, MNG, MPC, MPEG, MPF0, MPImage, MXF, MakerNotes, MakerUnknown,
712
+ Matroska, MetaIFD, Microsoft, Minolta, MinoltaRaw, NITF, Nikon,
713
+ NikonCapture, NikonCustom, NikonScan, Ocad, Ogg, Olympus, OpenEXR, PDF,
714
+ PICT, PLIST, PNG, PSP, Panasonic, PanasonicRaw, Pentax, PhaseOne, PhotoCD,
715
+ PhotoMechanic, Photoshop, PictureInfo, PostScript, PreviewIFD, PrintIM,
716
+ ProfileIFD, Qualcomm, QuickTime, RAF, RAF2, RIFF, RMETA, RSRC, RTF,
717
+ Radiance, Rawzor, Real, Real-CONT, Real-MDPR, Real-PROP, Real-RA3, Real-RA4,
718
+ Real-RA5, Real-RJMD, Reconyx, Ricoh, SPIFF, SR2, SR2DataIFD, SR2SubIFD,
719
+ SRF#, SVG, Samsung, Sanyo, Scalado, Sigma, SigmaRaw, Sony, SonyIDC, Stim,
720
+ SubIFD, System, Theora, Track#, Version0, Vorbis, XML, XMP, XMP-DICOM,
721
+ XMP-GPano, XMP-MP, XMP-MP1, XMP-PixelLive, XMP-aas, XMP-acdsee, XMP-album,
722
+ XMP-apple-fi, XMP-aux, XMP-cc, XMP-cell, XMP-crs, XMP-dc, XMP-dex,
723
+ XMP-digiKam, XMP-dwc, XMP-exif, XMP-expressionmedia, XMP-extensis, XMP-fpv,
724
+ XMP-ics, XMP-iptcCore, XMP-iptcExt, XMP-lr, XMP-mediapro, XMP-microsoft,
725
+ XMP-mwg-coll, XMP-mwg-kw, XMP-mwg-rs, XMP-pdf, XMP-pdfx, XMP-photomech,
726
+ XMP-photoshop, XMP-plus, XMP-prism, XMP-prl, XMP-pur, XMP-rdf, XMP-swf,
727
+ XMP-tiff, XMP-x, XMP-xmp, XMP-xmpBJ, XMP-xmpDM, XMP-xmpMM, XMP-xmpNote,
728
+ XMP-xmpPLUS, XMP-xmpRights, XMP-xmpTPg, ZIP
729
+ </td></tr>
730
+ <tr><td><b>2&nbsp;(Category)</b></td>
731
+ <td>Audio, Author, Camera, Document, ExifTool, Image, Location, Other, Printing,
732
+ Time, Unknown, Video
733
+ </td></tr>
734
+ <tr><td><b>3&nbsp;(Document&nbsp;Number)</b></td>
735
+ <td>Doc#, Main
736
+ </td></tr>
737
+ <tr><td><b>4&nbsp;(Instance&nbsp;Number)</b></td>
738
+ <td>Copy#
739
+ </td></tr>
740
+ </table></blockquote>
741
+
742
+ <p>The exiftool output can be organized based on these groups using the
743
+ <code>-g</code> or <code>-G</code> option. See the
744
+ <a href="ExifTool.html#GetGroup">GetGroup</a> function in the ExifTool library
745
+ for a description of the group families.</p>
746
+
747
+ <h2><a name="writing">Writing Meta Information</a></h2>
748
+
749
+ <p>When writing information, ExifTool preserves the original file by adding
750
+ "<code>_original</code>" to the file name. Be sure to keep a copy of the
751
+ original, or thoroughly validate the new file before erasing the original.
752
+ (<a href="writing.html">Read here</a> for some ramblings on the subject of
753
+ writing meta information.)</p>
754
+
755
+ <h3>Syntax</h3>
756
+
757
+ <p>Tag values are written rather than being extracted if any tag name ends with
758
+ a '<code>=</code>' symbol (or if the <code>-tagsFromFile</code> or
759
+ <code>-geotag</code> options are used). The '<code>=</code>' may be prefixed by
760
+ '<code>+</code>', '<code>-</code>' or '<code>&lt;</code>' to add a value, remove
761
+ a value or set a value from file. The following table outlines the different
762
+ write syntaxes:</p>
763
+
764
+ <blockquote><table class='norm'>
765
+ <tr><th>Syntax</th><th>Result</th></tr>
766
+ <tr><td>-TAG=</td><td>Deletes all occurrences of TAG</td></tr>
767
+ <tr><td>-all=</td><td>Deletes all meta information!</td></tr>
768
+ <tr><td>-GROUP:TAG=</td><td>Deletes TAG only in specified group</td></tr>
769
+ <tr><td>-GROUP:all=</td><td>Deletes all information in specified group</td></tr>
770
+ <tr><td>-[GROUP:]TAG=VALUE</td><td>Sets value of TAG (only in GROUP if specified)</td></tr>
771
+ <tr><td>-[GROUP:]TAG+=VALUE</td><td>Adds item to a list, shifts a date/time, or increments a number</td></tr>
772
+ <tr><td>-[GROUP:]TAG-=VALUE</td><td>Removes item from a list, shifts a date/time, or deletes TAG if it has the specified value</td></tr>
773
+ <tr><td>-[GROUP:]TAG&lt;=FILE</td><td>Sets tag value from contents of specified file</td></tr>
774
+ </table></blockquote>
775
+
776
+ <p>Quotes are required around VALUE if it contains spaces or other
777
+ special characters, and around the whole argument if the '<code>&lt;=</code>'
778
+ syntax is used (to prevent shell redirection).</p>
779
+
780
+ <p>A special feature allows the print conversion to be disabled on a per-tag
781
+ basis by suffixing any tag name (including '<code>all</code>') with the
782
+ '<code>#</code>' character. This has the same effect as the
783
+ <code>-n</code> option, but for a single tag. See the
784
+ <a href="exiftool_pod.html#item_n">-n option</a> in the application
785
+ documentation for more details.</p>
786
+
787
+ <p><b>Note:</b> Changes to PDF files are reversible because the original
788
+ metadata is never actually deleted from these files. See the
789
+ <a href="TagNames/PDF.html">PDF Tags documentation</a> for details.</p>
790
+
791
+ <h3>Group Priorities</h3>
792
+
793
+ <p>ExifTool prioritizes the following types of meta information when writing:</p>
794
+
795
+ <blockquote>
796
+ <b>1)</b> EXIF, &nbsp; <b>2)</b> IPTC, &nbsp; <b>3)</b> XMP
797
+ </blockquote>
798
+
799
+ <p>Many tag names are valid for more than one of these groups. If a group name is
800
+ not specified when writing information, then the information is added only to
801
+ the highest priority group for which the tag name is valid (however, the
802
+ information is updated in all groups where the tag already existed). The
803
+ priority of the groups is given by the list above. Specifically, this means that
804
+ new information is added preferentially to the EXIF group, or to the IPTC group
805
+ if no corresponding EXIF tag exists, or finally to the XMP group.</p>
806
+
807
+ <p>Alternatively, information may be written to a specific group only, bypassing
808
+ these priorities, by providing a group name for the tag. The
809
+ "<a href="#writing">Writing Meta Information</a>" section above gave the syntax
810
+ rules for exiftool command-line arguments to do this. Any family 0 or 1 group
811
+ name may be used when writing information, although not all groups are writable.</p>
812
+
813
+ <h3>The "-tagsFromFile" Option</h3>
814
+
815
+ <p>A special ExifTool option allows copying tags from one file to another. The
816
+ command-line syntax for doing this is
817
+ "<code>-tagsFromFile <i>SRCFILE</i></code>". Any tags specified after this
818
+ option on the command line are extracted from source file and written to the
819
+ destination file. If no tags are specified, then all writable tags are copied.
820
+ This option is very simple, yet very powerful. Depending on the formats of the
821
+ source and destination files, some of tags read may not be valid in the
822
+ destination file, in which case they aren't written.</p>
823
+
824
+ <p>This option may also be used to transfer information between different tags
825
+ within a single image or between different images. See the
826
+ <a href="exiftool_pod.html#item__2dtagsfromfile_srcfile_or_fmt">-tagsFromFile
827
+ option</a> in the application documentation for more details.</p>
828
+
829
+ <h2><font color='#cc0000'><a name="limitations">Writer Limitations</a></font></h2>
830
+ <ul>
831
+ <li>ExifTool will not rewrite a file if it detects a significant problem with
832
+ the file format.</li>
833
+ <li>ExifTool has been tested with a wide range of different images, but since it
834
+ is not possible to test it with every known image type, there is the possibility
835
+ that it will corrupt some files. Be sure to keep backups of your files.</li>
836
+ <li>Even though ExifTool does some validation of the information written, it is
837
+ still possible to write illegal values which may cause problems when reading the
838
+ images with other software. So take care to validate the information you are
839
+ writing.</li>
840
+ </ul>
841
+
842
+ <h2><font color='#cc6600'><a name="problems">Known Problems</a></font></h2>
843
+ <ul>
844
+ <li>In <b>Windows</b>, ExifTool will not process files with <b>Unicode
845
+ characters in the file name</b>. This is due to an underlying lack of support
846
+ for Unicode filenames in the Windows standard C I/O libraries.</li>
847
+ <li>Memory available to ExifTool in the <b>Windows EXE version</b> is limited to
848
+ a few hundred MB. This limitation has been known to cause <b>unreasonably long
849
+ processing times</b> (almost 7 minutes) for large EPS files (> 200 MB) which are
850
+ processed much faster by the Perl version (&lt; 6 seconds).</li>
851
+ <li>There is a bug in the <b>Apple</b> RAW file support (OS X 10.4.11) which
852
+ prevents some edited <b>Pentax PEF</b> images from being displayed properly.
853
+ Other software such as the Pentax Silkypix software and dcraw have no problems
854
+ with these images. <i class=grn>[This bug is fixed in OS X 10.5.4]</i></li>
855
+ <li>There is a bug in a number of <b>Adobe</b> utilities which causes some
856
+ edited <b>Sony ARW</b> images to be displayed with the wrong tone curve. This
857
+ problem has been observed in Photoshop CS4 Camera Raw 5.6, DNG Converter 5.6 and
858
+ Lightroom 2.6 with ARW images from the A500, A550, A700, A850 and A900. Other
859
+ software such as the Sony IDC utility, Apple RAW utilities, dcraw and Capture
860
+ One have no problems with edited images. <i class=grn>[This bug is fixed in
861
+ Camera Raw 6.3 and LR 3.3]</i></li>
862
+ </ul>
863
+
864
+ <h2><font color='#cc6600'><a name="security">Security Issues</a></font></h2>
865
+ <p>Some ExifTool options (<code>-if</code>, <code>-p</code>, and copying
866
+ arguments like <code>"-DSTTAG&lt;SRCTAG"</code>) have the ability to execute
867
+ Perl code from within command-line arguments. This may be a security problem if
868
+ ExifTool is executed from another application that blindly passes untrusted file
869
+ names on the command line (since they may be interpreted as ExifTool options if
870
+ they contain a leading dash). To be secure, the calling application must ensure
871
+ that input file names do not start with a dash (U+002D) or a Unicode minus sign
872
+ (U+2212). The easiest way to accomplish this is to prefix input file names with
873
+ a known directory name, ie) <code>"./FILENAME"</code>.</p>
874
+
875
+ <h2><a name="shift">Date/Time Shift Feature</a></h2>
876
+
877
+ <p>Have you ever forgotten to set the date/time on your digital camera before
878
+ taking a bunch of pictures? ExifTool has a time shift feature that makes it
879
+ easy to apply a batch fix to the timestamps of the images (ie. change the "Date
880
+ Picture Taken" reported by Windows Explorer). Say for example that your camera
881
+ clock was reset to 2000:01:01&nbsp;00:00:00 when you put in a new battery at
882
+ 2005:11:03&nbsp;10:48:00. Then all of the pictures you took subsequently have
883
+ timestamps that are wrong by 5 years, 10 months, 2 days, 10 hours and 48
884
+ minutes. To fix this, put all of the images in the same directory
885
+ (<i>"<code>DIR</code>"</i>) and run exiftool:</p>
886
+
887
+ <blockquote><pre>
888
+ exiftool "-DateTimeOriginal+=5:10:2 10:48:0" <i>DIR</i>
889
+ </pre></blockquote>
890
+
891
+ <p>The example above changes only the DateTimeOriginal tag, but any writable date
892
+ or time tag can be shifted, and multiple tags may be written with a single
893
+ command line. Commonly, in JPEG images, the DateTimeOriginal, CreateDate and
894
+ ModifyDate values must all be changed. For convenience, a
895
+ <a href="#shortcut">shortcut</a> tag called <b>AllDates</b> has been defined to
896
+ represent these three tags. So, for example, if you forgot to set your camera
897
+ clock back 1 hour at the end of daylight savings time in the fall, you can fix
898
+ the images with:</p>
899
+
900
+ <blockquote><pre>
901
+ exiftool -AllDates-=1 <i>DIR</i>
902
+ </pre></blockquote>
903
+
904
+ <p>See
905
+ <a href="Shift.html">Image::ExifTool::Shift.pl</a>
906
+ (<a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/Shift.pdf">download in PDF format</a>)
907
+ for details about the syntax of the time shift string.</p>
908
+
909
+ <h2><a name="filename">Renaming and/or Moving Files</a></h2>
910
+
911
+ <p>By writing a new value to the <b>FileName</b> and/or <b>Directory</b> tags,
912
+ files can be renamed and/or moved to different directories. This can be a very
913
+ powerful tool in combination with the <code>-d</code> (date format) option for
914
+ organizing images by date/time. For example, the following command renames all
915
+ images in directory <i>"<code>DIR</code>"</i> according to the individual file's
916
+ creation date in the form "<code>YYYYmmdd_HHMMSS.ext</code>".</p>
917
+
918
+ <blockquote><pre>
919
+ exiftool "-FileName&lt;CreateDate" -d "%Y%m%d_%H%M%S.%%e" <i>DIR</i>
920
+ </pre></blockquote>
921
+
922
+ <p>Or a new directory can be specified by setting the value of the <b>Directory</b>
923
+ tag. For example, the following command moves all images originally in
924
+ directory <i>"<code>DIR</code>"</i> into a directory hierarchy organized by
925
+ year/month/day:</p>
926
+
927
+ <blockquote><pre>
928
+ exiftool "-Directory&lt;DateTimeOriginal" -d "%Y/%m/%d" <i>DIR</i>
929
+ </pre></blockquote>
930
+
931
+ <p><a href="filename.html">Read here</a> for more details about this powerful
932
+ feature.</p>
933
+
934
+ <h2><a name="performance">Improving Performance</a></h2>
935
+
936
+ <p>There is a significant overhead in loading ExifTool, so performance may be
937
+ greatly improved by taking advantage of ExifTool's batch processing capabilities
938
+ (the ability to process multiple files or entire directories with a single
939
+ command) to reduce the number of executed commands when performing complex
940
+ operations or processing multiple files.<span class='sm'><sup>&dagger;</sup></span>
941
+ <i>[One exiftool user <a href="http://www.christian-etter.de/?p=458">documented
942
+ a 60x speed increase</a> by processing a large number of files with a single
943
+ command instead of running exiftool separately on each file.]</i> Also, the
944
+ <code>-execute</code> option may be used to perform multiple independent
945
+ operations with a single invocation of exiftool, and together with the
946
+ <code>-stay_open</code> option provides a method for calling applications to
947
+ avoid this startup overhead.</p>
948
+
949
+ <p>The processing speed of ExifTool can be improved when extracting information
950
+ by reducing the amount of work that it must do. Decrease the number of
951
+ extracted tags by specifying them individually (<code>-TAG</code>) or by group
952
+ (<code>-GROUP:all</code>), and disable the composite tags (<code>-e</code>) and
953
+ the print conversions (<code>-n</code>) if these features aren't required. Note
954
+ that the exclude options (<code>-x</code> or <code>--TAG</code>) are not very
955
+ efficient, and may have a negative impact on performance if a large number of
956
+ tags are excluded individually.</p>
957
+
958
+ <p>The <code>-fast</code> option can significantly increase speed when
959
+ extracting information from JPEG images which are piped across a slow network
960
+ connection. However, with this option any information in a JPEG trailer is not
961
+ extracted. For more substantial speed benefits, <code>-fast2</code> may be
962
+ used to also avoid extracting MakerNote information if this is not required.</p>
963
+
964
+ <p>When writing, avoid copying tags (with <code>-tagsFromFile</code>) or using
965
+ the <code>-if</code> or <code>-fileOrder</code> option because these will add
966
+ the extra step of extracting tags from the file. Without these the write
967
+ operation is accomplished with a single pass of each file.</p>
968
+
969
+ <blockquote><span class='sm'><sup>&dagger;</sup></span> <span class=lt>However,
970
+ note that when the <code>-csv</code> option is used, information from all files
971
+ is buffered in memory before the CSV output is written. This may be very memory
972
+ intensive and result in poor performance when reading a large number of files in
973
+ a single command.</span></blockquote>
974
+
975
+ <h2><a name="library">The Image::ExifTool Perl Library Module</a></h2>
976
+
977
+ <p>The "<code>exiftool</code>" script provides a command-line interface to the
978
+ Image::ExifTool Perl library module which is part of the ExifTool distribution.
979
+ The Image::ExifTool module can be used in any Perl script to provide easy access
980
+ to meta information. Here is an example of a very simple script that uses
981
+ Image::ExifTool to print out all recognized meta information in a file:</p>
982
+
983
+ <blockquote><table class='box'><tr><td><pre class='blk'>
984
+ <span class='com'>#!/usr/bin/perl -w</span>
985
+ use Image::ExifTool ':Public';
986
+ my $file = shift or die "Please specify filename";
987
+ my $info = <a href="ExifTool.html#ImageInfo">ImageInfo</a>($file);
988
+ foreach (keys %$info) {
989
+ print "$_ : $info-&gt;{$_}\n";
990
+ }
991
+ </pre></td></tr></table></blockquote>
992
+
993
+ <p>Note that some tag values may be returned as SCALAR references indicating
994
+ binary data. The simple script above does not handle this case.</p>
995
+
996
+ <p>See the <a href="ExifTool.html">Image::ExifTool Documentation</a> for more details.</p>
997
+
998
+ <h2><a name="links">Additional Documentation and Resources</a></h2>
999
+ <ul>
1000
+ <li><a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/">ExifTool Home Page</a>
1001
+ (<a href="http://www.webhostinghub.com/support/es/misc/exiftool-por-phil-harvey">Spanish</a>, <a href="http://softdroid.net/exiftool-f%d1%96l">Ukrainian</a> or <a href="http://science.webhostinggeeks.com/exiftool">Serbo-Croatian</a> translation)</li>
1002
+ <li><a href="faq.html">ExifTool FAQ</a></li>
1003
+ <li><a href="http://u88.n24.queensu.ca/exiftool/forum/">ExifTool Forum</a></li>
1004
+ <li><a href="TagNames/index.html">ExifTool Tag Names</a></li>
1005
+ <li><a href="history.html">ExifTool Revision History</a> (<a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/rss.xml">RSS feed</a>)</li>
1006
+ <li><a href="exiftool_pod.html">exiftool Application Documentation</a> (<a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/exiftool_pod.pdf">download in PDF format</a>)</li>
1007
+ <li><a href="ExifTool.html">Image::ExifTool API Documentation</a> (<a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/ExifTool.pdf">download in PDF format</a>)</li>
1008
+ <li><a href="Shift.html">Date/Time Shift Module</a> (<a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/Shift.pdf">download in PDF format</a>)</li>
1009
+ <li><a href="config.html">Sample ExifTool Configuration File</a> (custom user-defined tags)</li>
1010
+ <li><a href="metafiles.html">Working with Metadata Sidecar Files</a></li>
1011
+ <li><a href="struct.html">Reading/Writing Structured Information</a></li>
1012
+ <li><a href="writing.html">Comments on the Subject of Writing Meta Information</a></li>
1013
+ <li><a href="standards.html">Problems with current Metadata Standards</a></li>
1014
+ <li><a href="under.html">"Under the Hood" of ExifTool</a></li>
1015
+ <li><a href="canon_raw.html">Canon RAW (CRW) File Format Specification</a></li>
1016
+ <li><a href="MIE1.1-20070121.pdf">MIE 1.1 File Format Specification (pdf)</a></li>
1017
+ <li><a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/sample_images.html">JPEG Image Samples</a> (and
1018
+ <a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/makernote_types.html">Table of Makernote Types</a>)</li>
1019
+ <li><a href="http://search.cpan.org/dist/Image-ExifTool/">Image::ExifTool at CPAN</a> (CPAN Search)</li>
1020
+ <li><a href="https://rt.cpan.org/Public/Dist/Display.html?Name=Image-ExifTool">ExifTool Bug Reports</a> (CPAN Request Tracker)</li>
1021
+ <li><a href="http://www.cpantesters.org/distro/I/Image-ExifTool.html">ExifTool Test Reports</a> (CPAN Testers)</li>
1022
+ </ul>
1023
+
1024
+ <h3><a name="related">Related Utilities</a></h3>
1025
+
1026
+ <p>Below are some free utilities which take advantage of the ExifTool engine:</p>
1027
+
1028
+ <p><b><a name="related_win">Windows</a></b></p>
1029
+ <ul>
1030
+ <li><a href="http://u88.n24.queensu.ca/~bogdan/">ExifTool GUI for Windows</a>: GUI for viewing meta information with some editing features</li>
1031
+ <li><a href="http://www.thezeal.com/software/?Exif_Stats_Utility">Exif Stats Utility</a>: Analyzes images to tabulate apertures, exposure times, etc</li>
1032
+ <li><a href="http://aeropic.free.fr/H&amp;B/AUTO_ISO_patcher/">Auto ISO Tool</a>: GUI front-end for ExifTool to patch Canon ISO information</li>
1033
+ <li><a href="http://home.roadrunner.com/~dick/ExifAuto.htm">ExifAuto</a>: GUI front-end for ExifTool to perform simple operations</li>
1034
+ <li><a href="http://www.geosetter.de/en/">GeoSetter</a>: Utility for showing and changing geo data of image files</li>
1035
+ <li><a href="http://www.moonsoftware.com/exifmixer.asp">ExifMixer</a>: GUI extension for the exiftool command-line interface</li>
1036
+ <li><a href="http://fliggs.wordpress.com/2009/02/01/exifdropper-v090902-released/">ExifDropper</a>: Graphical front-end for ExifTool with drag-and-drop</li>
1037
+ <li><a href="http://gpstamper.wordpress.com/geotagger/">GPStamper Geotagger</a>: A simple Windows GUI front end for geotagging images</li>
1038
+ <li><a href="http://www.anvo-it.de/wiki/doku.php?id=avpicfacexmptagger:main">AvPicFaceXmpTagger</a>: Write Picasa 3.5 face recognition information as XMP to your images</li>
1039
+ <li><a href="http://www.ulfwood.net/Mp3TagFileData/Id3TagExifViewer.aspx">FileTagSleuth</a>: MP3, ID3 and EXIF viewer</li>
1040
+ <li><a href="http://exifcopier.110mb.com/">Exif Copier</a>: Copy Exif data between sets of multiple images</li>
1041
+ <li><a href="http://www.xtrasimplicity.info/archives/185">ExifyMe</a>: Restore Exif metadata from an original image</li>
1042
+ <li><a href="http://mjbpix.com/automatically-move-photos-to-directories-or-folders-based-on-exif-date/">PhotoMove</a>: Automatically move photos to directories or folders based on Exif date taken</li>
1043
+ <li><a href="http://code.google.com/p/tinyexif/">TinyExif</a>: Simple Windows GUI for ExifTool written in Python using the Qt4 toolkit</li>
1044
+ <li><a href="http://gui2-for-exiftool.weebly.com/">GUI2 for ExifTool</a>: An ExifTool GUI with built-in editor and browser</li>
1045
+ <li><a href="http://www.kula-shaker.ru/autojpegtrunk-english">AutoJpegTrunk</a>: Tool to remove all metadata from JPEG images</li>
1046
+ <li><a href="http://www.advancedrenamer.com/">AdvancedRenamer</a>: Rename files and folders from metadata</li>
1047
+ <li><a href="http://www.proxel.se/exif.html">Proxel EXIF Tool</a>: Photoshop plugin based on ExifTool</li>
1048
+ <li><a href="http://fhotolab.de/wp/?page_id=795">EXIFCopy</a>: Copy all EXIF information between files</li>
1049
+ </ul>
1050
+
1051
+ <p><b><a name="related_mac">Mac OS X</a></b></p>
1052
+ <ul>
1053
+ <li><a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/Extract%20Preview.sit">Download</a>
1054
+ a stand-alone droplet to extract preview images from RAW files (thanks to Brett Gross)</li>
1055
+ <li><a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/List_Exif_Metadata.zip">Download</a>
1056
+ three droplets to extract information [exiftool must be installed] (thanks to Rob Lewis)</li>
1057
+ <li><a href="http://macfidelity.de/tierprogramm/">Tierprogramm</a>: Droplet to perform some basic operations</li>
1058
+ <li><a href="http://frozentime.se/photos/macmetamod.html">MacMetaMod</a>: Droplet for adding Keywords to images</li>
1059
+ <li><a href="http://www.earlyinnovations.com/gpsphotolinker/">GPSPhotoLinker</a>: Geotagging on the Mac</li>
1060
+ <!-- seems to be dead: <li><a href="http://www.scriptamac.at/geotaggingactions.html">Geotagging Automator Action</a>: Application to geotag images from GPX tracks</li> -->
1061
+ <li><a href="http://www.mmisoftware.co.uk/pages/photogpseditor.php">PhotoGPSEditor</a> and <a href="http://www.mmisoftware.co.uk/pages/photoinfoeditor.php">PhotoInfoEditor</a>: Geocoding utilities</li>
1062
+ <li><a href="http://automatorworld.com/archives/metadata-mover/">MetaDataMover</a> (<a href="https://github.com/Mortimerp9/MetaDataMover">source</a>): GUI-based automator utility for moving/renaming images</li>
1063
+ <li><a href="http://www.lintburger.com/software.php">CS1ToCR2</a>: Utility that uses Sony GPS-CS1 log files to add GPS information to CR2 images</li>
1064
+ <li><a href="http://82.94.219.20/~marcvos/software/realbasic/sed.html">SetEXIFData</a>: Utility to set EXIF data</li>
1065
+ <li><a href="http://craig.stanton.net.nz/code/geotagger/">Geotagger</a>: Droplet for inserting GPS coordinates in your photos</li>
1066
+ <li><a href="http://www.raw-photo-processor.com/RPP/Overview.html">Raw Photo Processor</a>: Raw converter for Mac OS X</li>
1067
+ <li><a href="http://www.lemkesoft.com/content/188/graphicconverter.html">GraphicConverter</a>: Full-featured image editor <i>[noteworthy, but not free]</i></li>
1068
+ <li><a href="http://www.saltpepper.net/geotag/">GeoTag</a>: Geotagging application for iPhone and OS X</li>
1069
+ <li><a href="http://imagefuser.sourceforge.net/">ImageFuser</a>: Fuses multiple exposures of a scene into one image with improved detail/exposure</li>
1070
+ <li><a href="http://www.theoneandonlysepp.com/gnt/">GeoNamesTagger</a>: Docklet to easily update image metadata with location specific information</li>
1071
+ </ul>
1072
+
1073
+ <p><b><a name="related_linux">Linux</a></b></p>
1074
+ <ul>
1075
+ <li><a href="http://kde-apps.org/content/show.php?content=30971">rawimage:</a> A kfile plugin and thumbnail image handler for RAW formats</li>
1076
+ <!-- apparently abandonded: <li><a href="http://sagittarius.berlios.de/">Sagittarius</a>: Linux XMP metadata editor</li> -->
1077
+ <li><a href="http://beam.at/aenima">Photo related scripts</a>: Includes EXIFInfo script to provide statistics from EXIF data</li>
1078
+ <li><a href="http://hugin.sourceforge.net/">Hugin</a>: Panorama photo stitcher</li>
1079
+ <li><a href="https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/fotopreprocessor/">FotoPreProcessor</a>: PyQt4-based frontend for exiftool to graphically edit metadata</li>
1080
+ <li><a href="http://u88.n24.queensu.ca/exiftool/forum/index.php/topic,4715.0.html">ExZenToo</a>: Script for basic ExifTool GUI using Zenity</li>
1081
+ </ul>
1082
+
1083
+ <p><b><a name="related_multi">Multi-Platform</a></b></p>
1084
+ <ul>
1085
+ <li><a href="http://basepath.com/ImageIngester/">ImageIngester</a>: Windows and Mac OS X image workflow automator</li>
1086
+ <li><a href="http://www.carto.net/projects/photoTools/gpsPhoto/">gpsPhoto</a>: Geotag your images from a GPS (GPX) track log</li>
1087
+ <li><a href="https://puszcza.gnu.org.ua/projects/renrot/">renrot</a>: Perl utility to perform various processing tasks on images</li>
1088
+ <li><a href="http://code.google.com/p/gpicsync/">GPicSync</a>: Windows/Linux utility to geocode photos from a GPX track log and create KML files</li>
1089
+ <li><a href="http://flickfleck.googlecode.com/">FlickFleck</a>: Tool to transfer images from memory card, rotate, rename, and organize by date</li>
1090
+ <!-- broken: <li><a href="http://muellerware.org/hg/gpx2exif/">gpx2exif</a>: Python script to geocode photos and produce KML files from a GPS track log</li> -->
1091
+ <li><a href="http://geotag.sourceforge.net/?q=node/1">Geotag</a>: Open source Java-based geotagging application</li>
1092
+ <li><a href="http://www.haplessgenius.com/photogrok/">PhotoGrok</a>: Java-based GUI front-end for ExifTool to display images organized by any EXIF tag</li>
1093
+ <li><a href="http://www.xnview.com/en/xnview.html">XnView</a>: View and convert graphic files</li>
1094
+ <li><a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/mapivi/">Mapivi</a>: Open-source and cross-platform picture manager</li>
1095
+ <li><a href="http://www.resourcespace.org/">ResourceSpace</a>: Open source digital asset management system</li>
1096
+ <li><a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/fix_corrupted_nef.html">fix_corrupted_nef</a>: Utility to fix Nikon D4/D600/D800/D800E NEF images corrupted by Nikon Transfer 1</li>
1097
+ <li><a href="http://panorama.dyndns.org/index.php?lang=en&subject=pyExifToolGUI&texttag=pyExifToolGUI">pyExifToolGUI</a>: Python-based graphical frontend for ExifTool</li>
1098
+ </ul>
1099
+
1100
+ <p><b><a name="related_online">Online</a></b></p>
1101
+ <ul>
1102
+ <li><a href="http://regex.info/exif.cgi">Jeffrey's Exif Viewer</a>: Web utility to view meta information in online images</li>
1103
+ <li><a href="http://www.thexifer.net/">The eXif.er</a>: Web-based EXIF editor</li>
1104
+ </ul>
1105
+
1106
+ <p><b><a name="related_lightroom">Lightroom Plugins</a></b></p>
1107
+ <ul>
1108
+ <li><a href="http://regex.info/blog/lightroom-goodies/gps">Jeffrey's Geoencoding Plugin for Lightroom</a>: Geoencode your photos from within Lightroom</li>
1109
+ <li><a href="http://regex.info/blog/lightroom-goodies/metadata-wrangler/">Metadata Wrangler</a>: Strip selected metadata components from images as they are exported</li>
1110
+ <li><a href="http://chaoliu12.wordpress.com/fullmetaexport-lightroom-plugin/">FullMetaExport</a>: Export JPEG images from Lightroom with full metadata</li>
1111
+ <li><a href="http://www.essl.de/wp/2012/05/24/lenstagger-now-with-analog-camera-film-support/">LensTagger</a>: Add EXIF information like aperture and focal length for manual lenses</li>
1112
+ <li><a href="http://tim.jagenberg.info/projects/deaspect/">DeAspect:</a> Remove aspect ratio information from DNG, CR2 and ORF images to restore full image</li>
1113
+ </ul>
1114
+
1115
+ <p><b><a name="related_prog">Programming</a></b></p>
1116
+ <ul>
1117
+ <li><a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/get_tags.sit">Download</a> sample AppleScript to extract tags into AppleScript record (thanks to Rob Lewis)</li>
1118
+ <li><a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/ExifToolWrapper.zip">Download</a> example of a simple Visual C++ wrapper for exiftool (thanks Mark Borg and &#40643;&#29790;&#26124;)</li>
1119
+ <li><a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/ExifToolWrapper_cs.zip">Download</a> C# version of simple exiftool wrapper (thanks Willem Semmelink)</li>
1120
+ <li><a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/modExiftool_101.zip">Download</a> Visual Basic 6.0 example script v1.01 for reading tags with exiftool (thanks Michael Wandel)</li>
1121
+ <li><a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/vb_sample.html">Sample VB.NET subroutine</a> to extract a preview image (thanks Claus Beckmann)</li>
1122
+ <li><a href="http://gitorious.org/mini_exiftool">MiniExiftool</a>: Ruby library wrapper for ExifTool</li>
1123
+ <li><a href="https://github.com/mceachen/exiftoolr">exiftoolr</a>: Another Ruby wrapper for ExifTool</li>
1124
+ <li><a href="http://smarnach.github.com/pyexiftool/">pyexiftool</a>: Python wrapper for ExifTool</li>
1125
+ <li><a href="https://github.com/romainneutron/PHPExiftool">PHPExiftool</a>: PHP wrapper for ExifTool (in development)</li>
1126
+ <li><a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/moss/">Moss</a>: Collection of Java utilities which includes an exiftool interface</li>
1127
+ <li><a href="http://im4java.sourceforge.net">im4java</a>: Java interface to ImageMagick, ExifTool, and other image utilities</li>
1128
+ <li><a href="http://www.thebuzzmedia.com/software/exiftool-enhanced-java-integration-for-exiftool/">Java ExifTool</a>: Enhanced Java Integration for ExifTool</li>
1129
+ <li><a href="https://bitbucket.org/P_W999/j-exiftool/wiki/Home">J-ExifTool</a>: Open-source, cross platform Java7 library to read/write Exif tags in images</li>
1130
+ <li><a href="http://u88.n24.queensu.ca/~bogdan/articles/delphi01.html">How to call ExifTool from Delphi</a>, by Bogdan Hrastnik</li>
1131
+ </ul>
1132
+
1133
+ <p>Also notable, but not directly based on ExifTool:</p>
1134
+
1135
+ <ul><li><a href="http://www.photome.de/">PhotoME</a>: Windows utility to read/write meta information</li>
1136
+ </ul>
1137
+
1138
+ <h3><a name="references">References</a></h3>
1139
+
1140
+ <p>The following sources were very useful in helping to decode various types of
1141
+ information:</p>
1142
+
1143
+ <ul>
1144
+ <li><a href="http://wtwf.com/wwwis/">wwwis Perl utilites</a> by Alex Knowles</li>
1145
+ <li><a href="http://park2.wakwak.com/~tsuruzoh/Computer/Digicams/exif-e.html">http://park2.wakwak.com/~tsuruzoh/Computer/Digicams/exif-e.html</a></li>
1146
+ <li><a href="http://johnst.org/sw/exiftags/">http://johnst.org/sw/exiftags/</a></li>
1147
+ <li><a href="http://search.cpan.org/dist/Image-Info/">http://search.cpan.org/dist/Image-Info/</a></li>
1148
+ <li><a href="http://www.sentex.net/~mwandel/jhead/">http://www.sentex.net/~mwandel/jhead/</a></li>
1149
+ <li><a href="http://cvs.sourceforge.net/viewcvs.py/libexif/libexif/">http://cvs.sourceforge.net/viewcvs.py/libexif/libexif/</a></li>
1150
+ <li><a href="http://neuemuenze.heim1.tu-clausthal.de/~sven/crwinfo/">http://neuemuenze.heim1.tu-clausthal.de/~sven/crwinfo/</a></li>
1151
+ <li><a href="http://www.cybercom.net/~dcoffin/dcraw/">http://www.cybercom.net/~dcoffin/dcraw/</a></li>
1152
+ <li><a href="http://www.dalibor.cz/minolta/makernote.htm">http://www.dalibor.cz/minolta/makernote.htm</a></li>
1153
+ <li><a href="http://www.exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF">http://www.exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF</a></li>
1154
+ <li><a href="http://www.x3f.info/technotes/FileDocs/MakerNoteDoc.html">http://www.x3f.info/technotes/FileDocs/MakerNoteDoc.html</a></li>
1155
+ <li><a href="http://search.cpan.org/dist/Image-MetaData-JPEG/">http://search.cpan.org/dist/Image-MetaData-JPEG/</a></li>
1156
+ <li><a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/dng/main.html">http://www.adobe.com/products/dng/main.html</a></li>
1157
+ <li><a href="http://www.awaresystems.be/imaging/tiff/tifftags.html">http://www.awaresystems.be/imaging/tiff/tifftags.html</a></li>
1158
+ <li><a href="http://homepage3.nifty.com/kamisaka/makernote/index.htm">http://homepage3.nifty.com/kamisaka/makernote/index.htm</a>
1159
+ (<a href="http://www.google.com/translate?u=http%3A%2F%2Fhomepage3.nifty.com%2Fkamisaka%2Fmakernote%2Findex.htm&amp;langpair=ja%7Cen&amp;hl=en&amp;ie=UTF8">in english</a>)</li>
1160
+ <li><a href="http://www.gvsoft.homedns.org/exif/">http://www.gvsoft.homedns.org/exif/</a></li>
1161
+ </ul>
1162
+
1163
+ <h3><a name="videos">How-To Videos</a></h3>
1164
+ <ul>
1165
+ <li><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K9PAD7GqUag">Using the ExifTool on Linux to read/write Exif Tags to your photo collection</a></li>
1166
+ <li><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WchknYwbFJY">Working with jpg Metadata Comments - Exiftool - BASH - Linux Command Line</a></li>
1167
+ </ul>
1168
+
1169
+ <h3><a name="other_links">Other Links</a></h3>
1170
+ <ul>
1171
+ <li><a href="http://www.ebv4linux.de/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=26">An interview with Phil Harvey</a> (in German), (<a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/PhilHarveyInterview.pdf">English translation in PDF format</a>)</li>
1172
+ <li><a href="http://metadatamadness.blogspot.com/">Pepper's "Metadata Madness" blog</a> <i>(Pepper is my cat)</i></li>
1173
+ </ul>
1174
+
1175
+ <h2><a name="boldly">Boldly Go where No Man has Gone Before...</a></h2>
1176
+
1177
+ <p>There is still much unknown information in the maker notes for many camera
1178
+ models. (To see this information, run exiftool with the <code>-U</code>
1179
+ option.) In this area, ExifTool is very much a collaborative effort, and
1180
+ development relies heavily on the input from camera owners to help decode new
1181
+ meta information. If you manage to figure out what any of it means, send me an
1182
+ e-mail (phil at owl.phy.queensu.ca) and I'll <b>add your new discoveries to
1183
+ ExifTool</b>. Many thanks to all who have helped so far...</p>
1184
+
1185
+ <h2><a name="ack">Acknowledgements</a></h2>
1186
+
1187
+ <p>Thanks to everyone who has sent in bug reports, comments, or suggestions, and
1188
+ special thanks to the following people for their valuable input and/or additions
1189
+ to the code:</p>
1190
+
1191
+ <ul>
1192
+ <li>Malcolm Wotton for his help with the D30 Custom Functions</li>
1193
+ <li>David Anson for his help sorting out binary file problems on Windows</li>
1194
+ <li>Leon Booyens for his suggestions</li>
1195
+ <li>Dan Heller for his bug reports, detailed suggestions and guidance</li>
1196
+ <li>Wayne Smith for his help figuring out the Pentax maker notes</li>
1197
+ <li>Michael Rommel for his bug fixes and additions to the Canon maker notes</li>
1198
+ <li>Joseph Heled for help figuring out some of the Nikon D70 maker notes</li>
1199
+ <li>Joachim Loehr for adding the Casio type 2 maker notes</li>
1200
+ <li>Greg Troxel for his suggestions and for adding ExifTool to pkgsrc</li>
1201
+ <li>Thomas Walter for figuring out some Nikon tags</li>
1202
+ <li>Brian Ristuccia for more information about some Nikon tags</li>
1203
+ <li>Christian Koller for decoding the 20D custom functions</li>
1204
+ <li>Matt Madrid for his testing and feedback</li>
1205
+ <li>Tom Christiansen for his help decoding some Nikon tags</li>
1206
+ <li>Markku H&auml;nninen for help decoding tags for the Olympus E-1</li>
1207
+ <li>Frank Ledwon for decoding many new Olympus tags</li>
1208
+ <li>Robert Rottmerhusen for decoding many tricky Nikon lens data tags</li>
1209
+ <li>Michael Tiemann for decoding a number of new Canon tags</li>
1210
+ <li>Albert Bogner for his image samples, testing and useful suggestions</li>
1211
+ <li>Rainer H&ouml;nle for decoding a number of new Canon 5D tags</li>
1212
+ <li>Nilesh Patel for his help with the web page layout</li>
1213
+ <li>Jens Duttke for his suggestions, bug reports and help decoding new tags</li>
1214
+ <li>Dave Nicholson for decoding new tags in Pentax and Canon maker notes</li>
1215
+ <li>Bogdan Hrastnik for his feedback, decoding efforts, user support and ExifTool GUI</li>
1216
+ <li>Igal Milchtaich for decoding many Sony A100 tags</li>
1217
+ <li>Laurent Clevy for his work analyzing Canon RAW images</li>
1218
+ <li>Warren Hatch for extensive testing and decoding of Nikon D3 tags</li>
1219
+ <li>Jos Roost for decoding many Sony tags for various models</li>
1220
+ </ul>
1221
+
1222
+ <p>And special thanks to my family for putting up with me and this
1223
+ time-consuming hobby of mine.</p>
1224
+
1225
+ <h2><a name="license">License</a></h2>
1226
+
1227
+ <p>This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
1228
+ same terms as <a href="http://dev.perl.org/licenses/">Perl itself</a>.</p>
1229
+
1230
+ <h2><a name="donate">Donate</a></h2>
1231
+
1232
+ <p>ExifTool is free, but due to popular request I am providing a way for
1233
+ those who feel the need to send me some money. It is really not necessary,
1234
+ but thank you very much if you decide to make a contribution:</p>
1235
+ <blockquote>
1236
+ <table>
1237
+ <tr>
1238
+ <td><center>
1239
+ <form action="https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr" method="POST">
1240
+ <input type="hidden" name="cmd" value="_donations">
1241
+ <input type="hidden" name="business" value="phil@physics.queensu.ca">
1242
+ <input type="hidden" name="return" value="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/">
1243
+ <input type="hidden" name="item_name" value="ExifTool Donation">
1244
+ <input type="hidden" name="no_shipping" value="1">
1245
+ $<input name="amount" value="0.00" size="6">
1246
+ <input type="submit" value="Donate via PayPal">
1247
+ </form>
1248
+ </center></td>
1249
+ </tr>
1250
+ </table>
1251
+ </blockquote>
1252
+
1253
+ <h2><a name="contact">Contact Me</a></h2>
1254
+
1255
+ <p>If you have any comments, suggestions or questions, please post to the
1256
+ <a href="http://u88.n24.queensu.ca/exiftool/forum/">ExifTool Forum</a> so
1257
+ other people may benefit from your experiences. (I check the forum at least as
1258
+ often as my email.) Otherwise, if you must contact me directly, my e-mail
1259
+ address is on the first line of the README file in the full distribution.
1260
+ Thanks. &nbsp; - <i>Phil Harvey</i></p>
1261
+
1262
+ <div class='wide'><table class='links'><tr>
1263
+ <th><a href="install.html" class='wt'>&nbsp;Installing&nbsp;</a></th>
1264
+ <th><a href="TagNames/index.html" class='wt'>&nbsp;Tag&nbsp;Names&nbsp;</a></th>
1265
+ <th><a href="#links" class='wt'>&nbsp;Resources&nbsp;</a></th>
1266
+ <th><a href="history.html" class='wt'>&nbsp;History&nbsp;</a></th>
1267
+ <th><a href="http://u88.n24.queensu.ca/exiftool/forum/" class='wt'>&nbsp;Forum&nbsp;</a></th>
1268
+ <th class='rt'><a href="faq.html" class='wt'>&nbsp;FAQ&nbsp;</a></th>
1269
+ </tr></table></div>
1270
+ </body>
1271
+ </html>