tensorcircuit-nightly 1.3.0.dev20250728__py3-none-any.whl → 1.4.0.dev20251103__py3-none-any.whl

tests/test_quantum.py

@@ -1,549 +0,0 @@
-# pylint: disable=invalid-name
-
-import os
-import sys
-from functools import partial
-
-import numpy as np
-import pytest
-import tensornetwork as tn
-from pytest_lazyfixture import lazy_fixture as lf
-
-thisfile = os.path.abspath(__file__)
-modulepath = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(thisfile))
-
-sys.path.insert(0, modulepath)
-import tensorcircuit as tc
-from tensorcircuit import quantum as qu
-
-# Note that the first version of this file is adpated from source code of tensornetwork: (Apache2)
-# https://github.com/google/TensorNetwork/blob/master/tensornetwork/quantum/quantum_test.py
-
-# tc.set_contractor("greedy")
-atol = 1e-5  # relax jax 32 precision
-decimal = 5
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_constructor(backend):
-    psi_tensor = np.random.rand(2, 2)
-    psi_node = tn.Node(psi_tensor)
-
-    op = qu.quantum_constructor([psi_node[0]], [psi_node[1]])
-    assert not op.is_scalar()
-    assert not op.is_vector()
-    assert not op.is_adjoint_vector()
-    assert len(op.out_edges) == 1
-    assert len(op.in_edges) == 1
-    assert op.out_edges[0] is psi_node[0]
-    assert op.in_edges[0] is psi_node[1]
-
-    op = qu.quantum_constructor([psi_node[0], psi_node[1]], [])
-    assert not op.is_scalar()
-    assert op.is_vector()
-    assert not op.is_adjoint_vector()
-    assert len(op.out_edges) == 2
-    assert len(op.in_edges) == 0
-    assert op.out_edges[0] is psi_node[0]
-    assert op.out_edges[1] is psi_node[1]
-
-    op = qu.quantum_constructor([], [psi_node[0], psi_node[1]])
-    assert not op.is_scalar()
-    assert not op.is_vector()
-    assert op.is_adjoint_vector()
-    assert len(op.out_edges) == 0
-    assert len(op.in_edges) == 2
-    assert op.in_edges[0] is psi_node[0]
-    assert op.in_edges[1] is psi_node[1]
-
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
-        op = qu.quantum_constructor([], [], [psi_node])
-
-    _ = psi_node[0] ^ psi_node[1]
-    op = qu.quantum_constructor([], [], [psi_node])
-    assert op.is_scalar()
-    assert not op.is_vector()
-    assert not op.is_adjoint_vector()
-    assert len(op.out_edges) == 0
-    assert len(op.in_edges) == 0
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_checks(backend):
-    node1 = tn.Node(np.random.rand(2, 2))
-    node2 = tn.Node(np.random.rand(2, 2))
-    _ = node1[1] ^ node2[0]
-
-    # extra dangling edges must be explicitly ignored
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
-        _ = qu.QuVector([node1[0]])
-
-    # correctly ignore the extra edge
-    _ = qu.QuVector([node1[0]], ignore_edges=[node2[1]])
-
-    # in/out edges must be dangling
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
-        _ = qu.QuVector([node1[0], node1[1], node2[1]])
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_from_tensor(backend):
-    psi_tensor = np.random.rand(2, 2)
-
-    op = qu.QuOperator.from_tensor(psi_tensor, [0], [1])
-    assert not op.is_scalar()
-    assert not op.is_vector()
-    assert not op.is_adjoint_vector()
-    np.testing.assert_almost_equal(op.eval(), psi_tensor, decimal=decimal)
-
-    op = qu.QuVector.from_tensor(psi_tensor, [0, 1])
-    assert not op.is_scalar()
-    assert op.is_vector()
-    assert not op.is_adjoint_vector()
-    np.testing.assert_almost_equal(op.eval(), psi_tensor, decimal=decimal)
-
-    op = qu.QuAdjointVector.from_tensor(psi_tensor, [0, 1])
-    assert not op.is_scalar()
-    assert not op.is_vector()
-    assert op.is_adjoint_vector()
-    np.testing.assert_almost_equal(op.eval(), psi_tensor, decimal=decimal)
-
-    op = qu.QuScalar.from_tensor(1.0)
-    assert op.is_scalar()
-    assert not op.is_vector()
-    assert not op.is_adjoint_vector()
-    assert op.eval() == 1.0
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_identity(backend):
-    E = qu.identity((2, 3, 4), dtype=np.float64)
-    for n in E.nodes:
-        assert isinstance(n, tn.CopyNode)
-    twentyfour = E.trace()
-    for n in twentyfour.nodes:
-        assert isinstance(n, tn.CopyNode)
-    assert twentyfour.eval() == 24
-
-    tensor = np.random.rand(2, 2)
-    psi = qu.QuVector.from_tensor(tensor)
-    E = qu.identity((2, 2), dtype=np.float64)
-    np.testing.assert_allclose((E @ psi).eval(), psi.eval(), atol=atol)
-
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(
-        (psi.adjoint() @ E @ psi).eval(), psi.norm().eval(), atol=atol
-    )
-
-    op = qu.QuOperator.from_tensor(tensor, [0], [1])
-    op_I = op.tensor_product(E)
-    op_times_4 = op_I.partial_trace([1, 2])
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(op_times_4.eval(), 4 * op.eval(), atol=atol)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_tensor_product(backend):
-    psi = qu.QuVector.from_tensor(np.random.rand(2, 2))
-    psi_psi = psi.tensor_product(psi)
-    assert len(psi_psi.subsystem_edges) == 4
-    np.testing.assert_almost_equal(
-        psi_psi.norm().eval(), psi.norm().eval() ** 2, decimal=decimal
-    )
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_matmul(backend):
-    mat = np.random.rand(2, 2)
-    op = qu.QuOperator.from_tensor(mat, [0], [1])
-    res = (op @ op).eval()
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(res, mat @ mat, atol=atol)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_mul(backend):
-    mat = np.eye(2)
-    scal = np.float64(0.5)
-    op = qu.QuOperator.from_tensor(mat, [0], [1])
-    scal_op = qu.QuScalar.from_tensor(scal)
-
-    res = (op * scal_op).eval()
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(res, mat * 0.5, atol=atol)
-
-    res = (scal_op * op).eval()
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(res, mat * 0.5, atol=atol)
-
-    res = (scal_op * scal_op).eval()
-    np.testing.assert_almost_equal(res, 0.25, decimal=decimal)
-
-    res = (op * np.float64(0.5)).eval()
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(res, mat * 0.5, atol=atol)
-
-    res = (np.float64(0.5) * op).eval()
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(res, mat * 0.5, atol=atol)
-
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
-        _ = op * op
-
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
-        _ = op * mat
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_expectations(backend):
-    psi_tensor = np.random.rand(2, 2, 2) + 1.0j * np.random.rand(2, 2, 2)
-    op_tensor = np.random.rand(2, 2) + 1.0j * np.random.rand(2, 2)
-
-    psi = qu.QuVector.from_tensor(psi_tensor)
-    op = qu.QuOperator.from_tensor(op_tensor, [0], [1])
-
-    op_3 = op.tensor_product(qu.identity((2, 2), dtype=psi_tensor.dtype))
-    res1 = (psi.adjoint() @ op_3 @ psi).eval()
-
-    rho_1 = psi.reduced_density([1, 2])  # trace out sites 2 and 3
-    res2 = (op @ rho_1).trace().eval()
-
-    np.testing.assert_almost_equal(res1, res2, decimal=decimal)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_projector(backend):
-    psi_tensor = np.random.rand(2, 2)
-    psi_tensor /= np.linalg.norm(psi_tensor)
-    psi = qu.QuVector.from_tensor(psi_tensor)
-    P = psi.projector()
-    np.testing.assert_allclose((P @ psi).eval(), psi_tensor, atol=atol)
-
-    np.testing.assert_allclose((P @ P).eval(), P.eval(), atol=atol)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_nonsquare_quop(backend):
-    op = qu.QuOperator.from_tensor(np.ones([2, 2, 2, 2, 2]), [0, 1, 2], [3, 4])
-    op2 = qu.QuOperator.from_tensor(np.ones([2, 2, 2, 2, 2]), [0, 1], [2, 3, 4])
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(
-        (op @ op2).eval(), 4 * np.ones([2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2]), atol=atol
-    )
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_expectation_local_tensor(backend):
-    op = qu.QuOperator.from_local_tensor(
-        np.array([[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0]]), space=[2, 2, 2, 2], loc=[1]
-    )
-    state = np.zeros([2, 2, 2, 2])
-    state[0, 0, 0, 0] = 1.0
-    psi = qu.QuVector.from_tensor(state)
-    psi_d = psi.adjoint()
-    np.testing.assert_allclose((psi_d @ op @ psi).eval(), 1.0, atol=atol)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_rm_state_vs_mps(backend):
-    @partial(tc.backend.jit, jit_compile=False, static_argnums=(1, 2))
-    def entanglement1(param, n, nlayers):
-        c = tc.Circuit(n)
-        c = tc.templates.blocks.example_block(c, param, nlayers)
-        w = c.wavefunction()
-        rm = qu.reduced_density_matrix(w, int(n / 2))
-        return qu.entropy(rm)
-
-    @partial(tc.backend.jit, jit_compile=False, static_argnums=(1, 2))
-    def entanglement2(param, n, nlayers):
-        c = tc.Circuit(n)
-        c = tc.templates.blocks.example_block(c, param, nlayers)
-        w = c.get_quvector()
-        rm = w.reduced_density([i for i in range(int(n / 2))])
-        return qu.entropy(rm)
-
-    param = tc.backend.ones([6, 6])
-    rm1 = entanglement1(param, 6, 3)
-    rm2 = entanglement2(param, 6, 3)
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(rm1, rm2, atol=atol)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_trace_product(backend):
-    o = np.ones([2, 2])
-    h = np.eye(2)
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(qu.trace_product(o, h), 2, atol=atol)
-    oq = qu.QuOperator.from_tensor(o)
-    hq = qu.QuOperator.from_tensor(h)
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(qu.trace_product(oq, hq), 2, atol=atol)
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(qu.trace_product(oq, h), 2, atol=atol)
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(qu.trace_product(o, hq), 2, atol=atol)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_free_energy(backend):
-    rho = np.array([[1.0, 0], [0, 0]])
-    h = np.array([[-1.0, 0], [0, 1]])
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(qu.free_energy(rho, h, 0.5), -1, atol=atol)
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(qu.renyi_free_energy(rho, h, 0.5), -1, atol=atol)
-    hq = qu.QuOperator.from_tensor(h)
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(qu.free_energy(rho, hq, 0.5), -1, atol=atol)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_measurement_counts(backend):
-    state = np.ones([4])
-    ct, cs = qu.measurement_counts(state, format="count_tuple")
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(ct.shape[0], 4, atol=atol)
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(tc.backend.sum(cs), 8192, atol=atol)
-    state = np.ones([2, 2])
-    ct, cs = qu.measurement_counts(state, format="count_tuple")
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(ct.shape[0], 2, atol=atol)
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(tc.backend.sum(cs), 8192, atol=atol)
-    state = np.array([1.0, 1.0, 0, 0])
-    print(qu.measurement_counts(state))
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_extract_from_measure(backend):
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(
-        qu.spin_by_basis(2, 1), np.array([1, -1, 1, -1]), atol=atol
-    )
-    state = tc.array_to_tensor(np.array([0.6, 0.4, 0, 0]))
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(
-        qu.correlation_from_counts([0, 1], state), 0.2, atol=atol
-    )
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(qu.correlation_from_counts([1], state), 0.2, atol=atol)
-
-    samples_int = tc.array_to_tensor(np.array([0, 0, 3, 3, 3]), dtype="int32")
-    r = qu.correlation_from_samples([0, 1], samples_int, n=2)
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(r, 1, atol=1e-5)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_heisenberg_ham(backend):
-    g = tc.templates.graphs.Line1D(6)
-    h = tc.quantum.heisenberg_hamiltonian(g, sparse=False)
-    e, _ = tc.backend.eigh(h)
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(e[0], -11.2111, atol=1e-4)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_reduced_density_from_density(backend):
-    n = 6
-    w = np.random.normal(size=[2**n]) + 1.0j * np.random.normal(size=[2**n])
-    w /= np.linalg.norm(w)
-    rho = np.reshape(w, [-1, 1]) @ np.reshape(np.conj(w), [1, -1])
-    dm1 = tc.quantum.reduced_density_matrix(w, cut=[0, 2])
-    dm2 = tc.quantum.reduced_density_matrix(rho, cut=[0, 2])
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(dm1, dm2, atol=1e-5)
-
-    # with p
-    n = 5
-    w = np.random.normal(size=[2**n]) + 1.0j * np.random.normal(size=[2**n])
-    w /= np.linalg.norm(w)
-    p = np.random.normal(size=[2**3])
-    p = tc.backend.softmax(p)
-    p = tc.backend.cast(p, "complex128")
-    rho = np.reshape(w, [-1, 1]) @ np.reshape(np.conj(w), [1, -1])
-    dm1 = tc.quantum.reduced_density_matrix(w, cut=[1, 2, 3], p=p)
-    dm2 = tc.quantum.reduced_density_matrix(rho, cut=[1, 2, 3], p=p)
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(dm1, dm2, atol=1e-5)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_mutual_information(backend):
-    n = 5
-    w = np.random.normal(size=[2**n]) + 1.0j * np.random.normal(size=[2**n])
-    w /= np.linalg.norm(w)
-    rho = np.reshape(w, [-1, 1]) @ np.reshape(np.conj(w), [1, -1])
-    dm1 = tc.quantum.mutual_information(w, cut=[1, 2, 3])
-    dm2 = tc.quantum.mutual_information(rho, cut=[1, 2, 3])
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(dm1, dm2, atol=1e-5)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_expectation_quantum(backend):
-    c = tc.Circuit(3)
-    c.ry(0, theta=0.4)
-    c.cnot(0, 1)
-    exp1 = c.expectation([tc.gates.z(), [0]], [tc.gates.z(), [2]], reuse=False)
-    qv = c.quvector()
-    exp2 = tc.expectation([tc.gates.z(), [0]], [tc.gates.z(), [2]], ket=qv)
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(exp1, exp2, atol=1e-5)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_ee(backend):
-    c = tc.Circuit(3)
-    c.h(0)
-    c.cx(0, 1)
-    c.cx(1, 2)
-    s = c.state()
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(
-        tc.quantum.entanglement_entropy(s, [0, 1]), np.log(2.0), atol=1e-5
-    )
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_negativity(backend, highp):
-    c = tc.DMCircuit(2)
-    c.h(0)
-    c.cnot(0, 1)
-    c.depolarizing(0, px=0.1, py=0.1, pz=0.1)
-    dm = c.state()
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(
-        tc.quantum.log_negativity(dm, [0], base="2"), 0.485427, atol=1e-5
-    )
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(
-        tc.quantum.partial_transpose(tc.quantum.partial_transpose(dm, [0]), [0]),
-        dm,
-        atol=1e-6,
-    )
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(
-        tc.quantum.entanglement_negativity(dm, [1]), 0.2, atol=1e-5
-    )
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_tn2qop(backend):
-    nwires = 6
-    dtype = np.complex64
-    # only obc is supported, even if you supply nwires Jx terms
-    Jx = np.array([1.0 for _ in range(nwires - 1)])  # strength of xx interaction (OBC)
-    Bz = np.array([-1.0 for _ in range(nwires)])  # strength of transverse field
-    tn_mpo = tn.matrixproductstates.mpo.FiniteTFI(Jx, Bz, dtype=dtype)
-    qu_mpo = tc.quantum.tn2qop(tn_mpo)
-    h1 = qu_mpo.eval_matrix()
-    g = tc.templates.graphs.Line1D(nwires, pbc=False)
-    h2 = tc.quantum.heisenberg_hamiltonian(
-        g, hzz=0, hxx=1, hyy=0, hz=1, hx=0, hy=0, sparse=False, numpy=True
-    )
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(h1, h2, atol=1e-5)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_qb2qop(backend):
-    try:
-        import quimb
-    except ImportError:
-        pytest.skip("quimb is not installed")
-    nwires = 6
-    qb_mpo = quimb.tensor.tensor_builder.MPO_ham_ising(nwires, 4, 2, cyclic=True)
-    qu_mpo = tc.quantum.quimb2qop(qb_mpo)
-    h1 = qu_mpo.eval_matrix()
-    g = tc.templates.graphs.Line1D(nwires, pbc=True)
-    h2 = tc.quantum.heisenberg_hamiltonian(
-        g, hzz=1, hxx=0, hyy=0, hz=0, hx=-1, hy=0, sparse=False, numpy=True
-    )
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(h1, h2, atol=1e-5)
-
-    # in out edge order test
-    builder = quimb.tensor.tensor_builder.SpinHam1D()
-    # new version quimb breaking API change: SpinHam1D -> SpinHam
-    builder += 1, "Y"
-    builder += 1, "X"
-    H = builder.build_mpo(3)
-    h = tc.quantum.quimb2qop(H)
-    m1 = h.eval_matrix()
-    g = tc.templates.graphs.Line1D(3, pbc=False)
-    m2 = tc.quantum.heisenberg_hamiltonian(
-        g, hzz=0, hxx=0, hyy=0, hz=0, hy=0.5, hx=0.5, sparse=False, numpy=True
-    )
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(m1, m2, atol=1e-5)
-
-    # test mps case
-
-    s1 = quimb.tensor.tensor_builder.MPS_rand_state(3, 4)
-    s2 = tc.quantum.quimb2qop(s1)
-    m1 = s1.to_dense()
-    m2 = s2.eval_matrix()
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(m1, m2, atol=1e-5)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_counts_2(backend):
-    z0 = tc.backend.convert_to_tensor(np.array([0.1, 0, -0.3, 0]))
-    x, y = tc.quantum.count_d2s(z0)
-    print(x, y)
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(x, np.array([0, 2]))
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(y, np.array([0.1, -0.3]))
-    z = tc.quantum.count_s2d((x, y), 2)
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(z, z0)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_measurement_results(backend):
-    n = 4
-    w = tc.backend.ones([2**n])
-    r = tc.quantum.measurement_results(w, counts=9, format="sample_bin", jittable=True)
-    assert tc.backend.shape_tuple(r) == (9, n)
-    print(r)
-    r = tc.quantum.measurement_results(w, counts=9, format="sample_int", jittable=True)
-    assert tc.backend.shape_tuple(r) == (9,)
-    print(r)
-    for c in (9, -9):
-        r = tc.quantum.measurement_results(
-            w, counts=c, format="count_vector", jittable=True
-        )
-        assert tc.backend.shape_tuple(r) == (2**n,)
-        print(r)
-        r = tc.quantum.measurement_results(w, counts=c, format="count_tuple")
-        print(r)
-        r = tc.quantum.measurement_results(
-            w, counts=c, format="count_dict_bin", jittable=True
-        )
-        print(r)
-        r = tc.quantum.measurement_results(
-            w, counts=c, format="count_dict_int", jittable=True
-        )
-        print(r)
-
-
-def test_ps2xyz():
-    xyz = {"x": [1], "z": [2]}
-    assert tc.quantum.xyz2ps(xyz) == [0, 1, 3]
-    assert tc.quantum.xyz2ps(xyz, 6) == [0, 1, 3, 0, 0, 0]
-    xyz.update({"y": []})
-    assert tc.quantum.ps2xyz([0, 1, 3]) == xyz
-    assert tc.quantum.ps2xyz([0, 1, 3, 0]) == xyz
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_reduced_wavefunction(backend):
-    c = tc.Circuit(3)
-    c.h(0)
-    c.cnot(0, 1)
-    r = c.cond_measure(0)
-    s = c.state()
-    s1 = tc.quantum.reduced_wavefunction(s, [0, 2], [r, 0])
-    if tc.backend.cast(r, tc.rdtypestr) < 0.5:
-        np.testing.assert_allclose(s1, np.array([1, 0]), atol=1e-5)
-    else:
-        np.testing.assert_allclose(s1, np.array([0, 1]), atol=1e-5)
-
-    c = tc.Circuit(3)
-    c.h(0)
-    c.cnot(0, 1)
-    s = c.state()
-    s1 = tc.quantum.reduced_wavefunction(s, [2], [0])
-
-    c1 = tc.Circuit(2)
-    c1.h(0)
-    c1.cnot(0, 1)
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(s1, c1.state(), atol=1e-5)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_u1_mask(backend):
-    g = tc.templates.graphs.Line1D(8)
-    sumz = tc.quantum.heisenberg_hamiltonian(g, hzz=0, hxx=0, hyy=0, hz=1)
-    for i in range(9):
-        s = tc.quantum.u1_mask(8, i)
-        s /= tc.backend.norm(s)
-        c = tc.Circuit(8, inputs=s)
-        zexp = tc.templates.measurements.operator_expectation(c, sumz)
-        np.testing.assert_allclose(zexp, 8 - 2 * i, atol=1e-6)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", [lf("npb"), lf("tfb"), lf("jaxb")])
-def test_u1_project(backend):
-    c = tc.Circuit(8)
-    c.x([0, 2, 4])
-    c.exp1(0, 1, unitary=tc.gates._swap_matrix, theta=0.6)
-    s = c.state()
-    s1 = tc.quantum.u1_project(s, 8, 3)
-    assert s1.shape[-1] == 56
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(tc.quantum.u1_enlarge(s1, 8, 3), s)

tests/test_quantum_attr.py

@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-import sys
-import os
-
-import numpy as np
-import tensorflow as tf
-
-thisfile = os.path.abspath(__file__)
-modulepath = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(thisfile))
-
-sys.path.insert(0, modulepath)
-from tensorcircuit.applications.vags import double_state, reduced_density_matrix
-
-
-def test_double_state():
-    s = double_state(tf.constant([[1.0, 0], [0, -1.0]]), beta=2.0)
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(np.linalg.norm(s.numpy()), 1.0)
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(
-        s.numpy(),
-        np.array(
-            [
-                np.exp(-1) / np.sqrt(np.exp(2) + np.exp(-2)),
-                0,
-                0,
-                np.exp(1) / np.sqrt(np.exp(2) + np.exp(-2)),
-            ]
-        ),
-        atol=1e-5,
-    )
-    s2 = double_state(tf.constant([[0.0, 1.0], [1.0, 0.0]]), beta=1.0)
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(np.linalg.norm(s2.numpy()), 1.0)
-    em = np.exp(-0.5)
-    ep = np.exp(0.5)
-    ans = np.array([em + ep, em - ep, em - ep, em + ep])
-    ans /= np.linalg.norm(ans)
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(s2.numpy(), ans, atol=1e-5)
-
-
-def test_reduced_dm():
-    rho = reduced_density_matrix(
-        tf.random.normal(shape=[128]), freedom=7, cut=[1, 3, 5]
-    )
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(np.trace(rho.numpy()), 1, atol=1e-5)