pyvale 2026.1.1__cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_17_i686.manylinux2014_i686.whl

pyvale/examples/extsensorsim/ex5a_expsim_thermmech2d.py

@@ -0,0 +1,350 @@
+# ==============================================================================
+# pyvale: the python validation engine
+# License: MIT
+# Copyright (C) 2025 The Computer Aided Validation Team
+# ==============================================================================
+
+"""Experiment simulation in 2D
+================================================================================
+
+In previous examples we have built our virtual sensor array and used this to
+run a single simulated experiment. However, we will generally want to run many
+simulated experiments and perform statistical analysis on the results. In this
+example we demonstrate how `pyvale` can be used to run a set of simulated
+experiments with a series of sensor arrays, one measuring temperature and the
+other measuring displacement. We also show how this analysis can be performed
+over a set of input physics simulations with different parameters.
+
+Note that this example has minimal explanation and assumes you have reviewed the
+basic sensor simulation examples to understand how the underlying engine works
+as well as the sensor simulation workflow.
+"""
+
+import time
+from pathlib import Path
+import numpy as np
+from scipy.spatial.transform import Rotation
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+
+# pyvale imports
+import pyvale.mooseherder as mh
+import pyvale.sensorsim as sens
+import pyvale.dataset as dataset
+
+#%%
+# 1. Load physics simulation data
+# -------------------------------
+
+sim_paths: list[Path] = dataset.thermomechanical_2d_experiment_paths()
+sim_keys: set[str] = {"sim_nominal","sim_perturbed"}
+
+disp_keys = ("disp_x","disp_y")
+
+sim_data_dict: dict[str,mh.SimData] = {}
+for ss,kk in zip(sim_paths,sim_keys):
+    sim_data = mh.ExodusLoader(ss).load_all_sim_data()
+    sim_data = sens.scale_length_units(scale=1000.0,
+                                       sim_data=sim_data,
+                                       disp_keys=disp_keys)
+    sim_data_dict[kk] = sim_data
+
+#%%
+# 2. Build virtual sensor arrays
+# ------------------------------
+
+sim_dims: dict[str,tuple[float,float]] = sens.simtools.get_sim_dims(sim_data)
+
+sample_times = np.linspace(0.0,np.max(sim_data.time),50)
+
+#%%
+# 2.1 Build scalar field sensor array
+# ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+temp_sens_pos: np.ndarray = sens.gen_pos_grid_inside(num_sensors=(4,1,1),
+                                                     x_lims=sim_dims["x"],
+                                                     y_lims=sim_dims["y"],
+                                                     z_lims=(0.0,0.0))
+
+temp_sens_data = sens.SensorData(positions=temp_sens_pos,
+                                 sample_times=sample_times)
+
+temp_sens: sens.SensorsPoint = sens.SensorFactory.scalar_point(
+    sim_data,
+    temp_sens_data,
+    comp_key="temperature",
+    spatial_dims=sens.EDim.TWOD,
+    descriptor=sens.DescriptorFactory.temperature(),
+)
+
+
+#%%
+# 2.2 Add errors to the scalar field sensors
+# ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+temp_pos_uncert = 1.0 # units = mm
+temp_pos_rand = (sens.GenUniform(low=-temp_pos_uncert,high=temp_pos_uncert),
+                 sens.GenUniform(low=-temp_pos_uncert,high=temp_pos_uncert),
+                 None)
+
+temp_field_err_data = sens.ErrFieldData(pos_rand_xyz=temp_pos_rand)
+
+temp_err_chain: list[sens.IErrSimulator] = [
+    sens.ErrSysField(temp_sens.get_field(),temp_field_err_data),
+    sens.ErrRandGenPercent(sens.GenNormal(std=1.0),
+                           err_dep=sens.EErrDep.DEPENDENT),
+    sens.ErrSysOffsetPercent(offset_percent=-1.0),
+    sens.ErrSysDigitisation(bits_per_unit=2**24/100),
+    sens.ErrSysSaturation(meas_min=0.0,meas_max=700.0),
+]
+
+temp_sens.set_error_chain(temp_err_chain)
+
+#%%
+# 2.3 Build vector field sensor array
+# ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+disp_sens_pos: np.ndarray = sens.gen_pos_grid_inside(num_sensors=(2,2,1),
+                                                     x_lims=sim_dims["x"],
+                                                     y_lims=sim_dims["y"],
+                                                     z_lims=(0.0,0.0))
+
+sens_angles: tuple[Rotation] = (
+    Rotation.from_euler("zyx",[0,0,0], degrees=True),
+)
+
+disp_sens_data = sens.SensorData(positions=disp_sens_pos,
+                                 sample_times=sample_times)
+
+disp_sens: sens.SensorsPoint = sens.SensorFactory.vector_point(
+    sim_data,
+    disp_sens_data,
+    comp_keys=disp_keys,
+    spatial_dims=sens.EDim.TWOD,
+    descriptor=sens.DescriptorFactory.displacement(),
+)
+
+#%%
+# 2.4 Add errors to the vector field sensors
+# ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+pos_rand = sens.GenUniform(low=-1.0,high=1.0)   # units = mm
+angle_rand = sens.GenUniform(low=-2.0,high=2.0) # units = degrees
+
+field_err_data = sens.ErrFieldData(pos_rand_xyz=(pos_rand,pos_rand,None),
+                                   ang_rand_zyx=(angle_rand,None,None))
+
+disp_err_chain: list[sens.IErrSimulator] = [
+    sens.ErrRandGenPercent(sens.GenNormal(std=1.0)),
+    sens.ErrSysField(disp_sens.get_field(),field_err_data),
+    sens.ErrSysOffsetPercent(offset_percent=1.0),
+    sens.ErrSysDigitisation(bits_per_unit=2**24/1.0),
+    sens.ErrSysSaturation(meas_min=-5.0,meas_max=5.0),
+]
+
+disp_sens.set_error_chain(disp_err_chain)
+
+#%%
+# 3. Create & run simulated experiments
+# -------------------------------------
+
+sensor_arrays: dict[str,sens.ISensorArray] = {
+    "temp": temp_sens,
+    "disp": disp_sens,
+}
+
+exp_sim_opts = sens.ExpSimOpts(workers=4,para=sens.EExpSimPara.ALL)
+exp_save_keys = sens.ExpSimSaveKeys(pert_sens_times=None)
+
+exp_sim = sens.ExperimentSimulator(sim_data_dict,
+                                   sensor_arrays,
+                                   exp_sim_opts,
+                                   exp_save_keys)
+
+start_exp: float = time.perf_counter()
+exp_data: dict[tuple[str,...],np.ndarray] = (
+    exp_sim.run_experiments(num_exp_per_sim=1000)
+)
+exp_time: float = time.perf_counter() - start_exp
+
+start_stats: float = time.perf_counter()
+exp_stats: dict[tuple[str,...],sens.ExpSimStats] = (
+    sens.calc_exp_sim_stats(exp_data)
+)
+stats_time: float = time.perf_counter() - start_stats
+
+print(80*"-")
+print(f"Exp. sim. time    = {exp_time:.3f} seconds")
+print(f"Stats. calc. time = {stats_time:.3f} seconds")
+print(80*"-")
+print()
+
+# %%
+# .. image:: ../../../../_static/ext_ex5a_term_out_0.png
+#    :alt: Terminal output showing the simulated experiment times
+#    :width: 700px
+#    :align: center
+
+
+#%%
+# 4. Analyse & visualise the results
+# ----------------------------------
+
+print(80*"-")
+print("Keys in the simulated experimental data dictionary:")
+for kk in exp_data:
+    print(kk)
+print(80*"-")
+print()
+
+# %%
+# .. image:: ../../../../_static/ext_ex5a_term_out_1.png
+#    :alt: Terminal output showing the keys of the experiment data dictionary
+#    :width: 700px
+#    :align: center
+
+print(80*"-")
+print("Thermal sensor array:")
+print()
+print(f"    {exp_data[('sim_nominal','temp','meas')].shape=}")
+print("    shape=(n_exps,n_sensors,n_field_comps,n_time_steps)")
+print()
+print(f"    {exp_stats[('sim_nominal','temp','meas')].max.shape=}")
+print("    shape=(n_sensors,n_field_comps,n_time_steps)")
+print()
+print(f"    {exp_data[('sim_nominal','temp','pert_sens_pos')].shape=}")
+print("    shape=(n_exps,n_sensors,coord[X,Y,Z])")
+print()
+print(80*"-")
+print("Mechanical sensor array:")
+print()
+print(f"    {exp_data[('sim_nominal','disp','meas')].shape=}")
+print("    shape=(n_exps,n_sensors,n_field_comps,n_time_steps)")
+print()
+print(f"    {exp_stats[('sim_nominal','disp','meas')].max.shape=}")
+print("    shape=(n_sensors,n_field_comps,n_time_steps)")
+print()
+print(f"    {exp_data[('sim_nominal','disp','pert_sens_pos')].shape=}")
+print("    shape=(n_exps,n_sensors,coord[X,Y,Z])")
+print()
+print(80*"-")
+
+# %%
+# .. image:: ../../../../_static/ext_ex5a_term_out_2.png
+#    :alt: Terminal output showing the simulated measurement arrays
+#    :width: 700px
+#    :align: center
+
+output_path: Path = Path.cwd() / "pyvale-output"
+if not output_path.is_dir():
+    output_path.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+
+
+sens.save_exp_sim_data(output_path/"ex5a_exp_sim_data.npz",exp_data)
+exp_data = sens.load_exp_sim_data(output_path/"ex5a_exp_sim_data.npz")
+
+
+pert_sens_pos = exp_data[("sim_nominal","temp","pert_sens_pos")][-1,:,:]
+pv_plot = sens.plot_point_sensors_on_sim(sensor_array=temp_sens,
+                                         comp_key="temperature",
+                                         time_step=-1,
+                                         perturbed_sens_pos=pert_sens_pos)
+pv_plot.camera_position = "xy"
+
+# Set to False to show an interactive plot instead of saving the figure
+pv_plot.off_screen = True
+if pv_plot.off_screen:
+    pv_plot.screenshot(output_path/"ext_ex5a_temp_locs.png")
+else:
+    pv_plot.show()
+
+# %%
+# Visualisation of the virtual temperature sensor locations:
+#
+# .. image:: ../../../../_static/ext_ex5a_temp_locs.png
+#    :alt: Visualisation of the virtual temperature sensor locations
+#    :width: 800px
+#    :align: center
+
+pert_sens_pos = exp_data[("sim_nominal","disp","pert_sens_pos")][-1,:,:]
+pv_plot = sens.plot_point_sensors_on_sim(sensor_array=disp_sens,
+                                         comp_key="disp_x",
+                                         time_step=-1,
+                                         perturbed_sens_pos=pert_sens_pos)
+pv_plot.camera_position = "xy"
+
+# Set to False to show an interactive plot instead of saving the figure
+pv_plot.off_screen = True
+if pv_plot.off_screen:
+    pv_plot.screenshot(output_path/"ext_ex5a_disp_locs.png")
+else:
+    pv_plot.show()
+
+# Uncomment to show interactive figure and set off_screen = False above
+# pv_plot.show()
+
+# %%
+# Visualisation of the virtual displacement sensor locations:
+#
+# .. image:: ../../../../_static/basics_ex5a_disp_locs.png
+#    :alt: Visualisation of the virtual displacement sensor locations
+#    :width: 800px
+#    :align: center
+
+for kk in sim_data_dict:
+    (fig,ax) = sens.plot_exp_traces(
+        exp_data,
+        comp_ind=0,
+        sens_key="temp",
+        sim_key=kk,
+        descriptor=sens.DescriptorFactory.temperature(),
+    )
+
+    save_fig: Path = output_path/f"ext_ex5a_traces_{kk}_temp.png"
+    fig.savefig(save_fig,dpi=300,bbox_inches="tight")
+
+# %%
+# Simulated temperatures traces for input physics simulation 0:
+#
+# .. image:: ../../../../_static/ext_ex5a_traces_sim0_temp.png
+#    :alt: Simulated temperature sensor traces for input simulation 0.
+#    :width: 600px
+#    :align: center
+#
+# Simulated temperature traces for input physics simulation 1:
+#
+# .. image:: ../../../../_static/ext_ex5a_traces_sim1_temp.png
+#    :alt: Simulated temperature sensor traces for input simulation 1.
+#    :width: 600px
+#    :align: center
+
+
+for key_sim in sim_data_dict:
+    for ii,key_disp in enumerate(disp_keys):
+        (fig,ax) = sens.plot_exp_traces(
+            exp_data,
+            comp_ind=ii,
+            sens_key="disp",
+            sim_key=key_sim,
+            descriptor=sens.DescriptorFactory.displacement(),
+        )
+
+        save_fig: Path = (output_path
+            /f"ext_ex5a_traces_{key_sim}_{key_disp}.png")
+        fig.savefig(save_fig,dpi=300,bbox_inches="tight")
+
+# %%
+# Simulated displacement traces for input physics simulation 0:
+#
+# .. image:: ../../../../_static/ext_ex5a_traces_sim0_disp_y.png
+#    :alt: Simulated displacement sensor traces form input simulation 0.
+#    :width: 600px
+#    :align: center
+#
+# Simulated displacement traces for input physics simulation 1:
+#
+# .. image:: ../../../../_static/ext_ex5a_traces_sim1_disp_y.png
+#    :alt: Simulated displacement sensor traces form input simulation 1.
+#    :width: 600px
+#    :align: center
+
+# Uncomment this to display the sensor trace plot
+# plt.show()

pyvale/examples/extsensorsim/ex5b_expsim_thermmech3d.py

@@ -0,0 +1,358 @@
+# ==============================================================================
+# pyvale: the python validation engine
+# License: MIT
+# Copyright (C) 2025 The Computer Aided Validation Team
+# ==============================================================================
+
+"""Experiment simulation in 3D
+================================================================================
+
+In this example we apply multiple sensor arrays across a number of different
+physics simulations with different inputs allowing us to run a series of virtual
+experiments and analyse the results.
+
+Note that this example has minimal explanation and assumes you have reviewed the
+basic sensor simulation examples to understand how the underlying engine works
+as well as the sensor simulation workflow.
+"""
+
+import time
+from pathlib import Path
+import numpy as np
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+
+# pyvale imports
+import pyvale.mooseherder as mh
+import pyvale.sensorsim as sens
+import pyvale.dataset as dataset
+
+#%%
+# 1. Load physics simulation data
+# -------------------------------
+
+sim_paths: list[Path] = dataset.thermomechanical_3d_experiment_paths()
+sim_keys: set[str] = {"sim_nominal","sim_perturbed"}
+
+disp_keys = ("disp_x","disp_y","disp_z")
+strain_norm_keys = ("strain_xx","strain_yy","strain_zz")
+strain_dev_keys = ("strain_xy","strain_yz","strain_xz")
+
+sim_data_dict: dict[str,mh.SimData] = {}
+for ss,kk in zip(sim_paths,sim_keys):
+    sim_data: mh.SimData = mh.ExodusLoader(ss).load_all_sim_data()
+
+    sim_data: mh.SimData = sens.scale_length_units(scale=1000.0,
+                                                   sim_data=sim_data,
+                                                   disp_keys=disp_keys)
+    sim_data_dict[kk] = sim_data
+
+
+#%%
+# 2. Build virtual sensor arrays
+# ------------------------------
+
+#%%
+# 2.1 Build scalar field sensor array
+# ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+sample_times = np.linspace(0.0,np.max(sim_data.time),50)
+
+temp_sens_pos: np.ndarray = sens.gen_pos_grid_inside(num_sensors=(1,4,1),
+                                                     x_lims=(12.5,12.5),
+                                                     y_lims=(0.0,33.0),
+                                                     z_lims=(0.0,12.0))
+
+temp_sens_data = sens.SensorData(positions=temp_sens_pos,
+                                 sample_times=sample_times)
+
+temp_sens: sens.SensorsPoint = sens.SensorFactory.scalar_point(
+    sim_data,
+    temp_sens_data,
+    comp_key="temperature",
+    spatial_dims=sens.EDim.THREED,
+    descriptor=sens.DescriptorFactory.temperature(),
+)
+
+#%%
+# 2.2 Add errors to the scalar field sensors
+# ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+
+temp_pos_uncert = 0.25 # units = mm
+temp_pos_rand = (None,
+                 sens.GenNormal(std=temp_pos_uncert),
+                 sens.GenNormal(std=temp_pos_uncert))
+
+temp_field_err_data = sens.ErrFieldData(pos_rand_xyz=temp_pos_rand)
+
+temp_err_chain: list[sens.IErrSimulator] = [
+    sens.ErrSysField(temp_sens.get_field(),temp_field_err_data),
+    sens.ErrRandGen(sens.GenNormal(std=2.0)), # units = degrees
+    sens.ErrSysDigitisation(bits_per_unit=2**24/100),
+    sens.ErrSysSaturation(meas_min=0.0,meas_max=700.0),
+]
+
+temp_sens.set_error_chain(temp_err_chain)
+
+#%%
+# 2.3 Build tensor field sensor array
+# ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+strain_sens_pos: np.ndarray = sens.gen_pos_grid_inside(num_sensors=(1,4,1),
+                                                       x_lims=(9.4,9.4),
+                                                       y_lims=(0.0,33.0),
+                                                       z_lims=(12.0,12.0))
+
+strain_sens_data = sens.SensorData(positions=strain_sens_pos,
+                                   sample_times=sample_times)
+
+strain_sens: sens.SensorsPoint = sens.SensorFactory.tensor_point(
+    sim_data,
+    strain_sens_data,
+    norm_comp_keys=strain_norm_keys,
+    dev_comp_keys=strain_dev_keys,
+    spatial_dims=sens.EDim.THREED,
+    descriptor=sens.DescriptorFactory.strain(sens.EDim.THREED),
+)
+
+#%%
+# 2.4 Add errors to the tensor field sensors
+# ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+strain_max: float = 5000.0e-6 # 5000 micro-strain max before sensor fails
+
+strain_pos_uncert: float = 0.25
+strain_pos_rand_xyz = (
+    sens.GenUniform(low=-strain_pos_uncert,high=strain_pos_uncert),
+    sens.GenUniform(low=-strain_pos_uncert,high=strain_pos_uncert),
+    None,
+)
+
+strain_angle_uncert: float = 1.0 # units = degrees
+strain_angle_rand_zyx = (
+    sens.GenUniform(low=-strain_angle_uncert,high=strain_angle_uncert),
+    None,
+    None,
+)
+
+strain_field_err_data = sens.ErrFieldData(pos_rand_xyz=strain_pos_rand_xyz,
+                                          ang_rand_zyx=strain_angle_rand_zyx)
+
+strain_err_chain: list[sens.IErrSimulator] = [
+    sens.ErrSysField(strain_sens.get_field(),strain_field_err_data),
+    sens.ErrRandGenPercent(sens.GenNormal(std=2.0)),
+    sens.ErrSysDigitisation(bits_per_unit=2**24/strain_max),
+    sens.ErrSysSaturation(meas_min=-strain_max,meas_max=strain_max),
+]
+strain_sens.set_error_chain(strain_err_chain)
+
+#%%
+# 3. Create & run simulated experiments
+# -------------------------------------
+
+sensor_arrays: dict[str,sens.ISensorArray] = {
+    "temp": temp_sens,
+    "strain": strain_sens,
+}
+
+exp_sim_opts = sens.ExpSimOpts(workers=4,para=sens.EExpSimPara.ALL)
+exp_save_keys = sens.ExpSimSaveKeys(pert_sens_times=None)
+
+exp_sim = sens.ExperimentSimulator(sim_data_dict,
+                                   sensor_arrays,
+                                   exp_sim_opts,
+                                   exp_save_keys)
+
+start_exp: float = time.perf_counter()
+exp_data: dict[tuple[str,...],np.ndarray] = (
+    exp_sim.run_experiments(num_exp_per_sim=1000)
+)
+exp_time: float = time.perf_counter() - start_exp
+
+start_stats: float = time.perf_counter()
+exp_stats: dict[tuple[str,...],sens.ExpSimStats] = (
+    sens.calc_exp_sim_stats(exp_data)
+)
+stats_time: float = time.perf_counter() - start_stats
+
+print(80*"-")
+print(f"Exp. sim. time    = {exp_time:.3f} seconds")
+print(f"Stats. calc. time = {stats_time:.3f} seconds")
+print(80*"-")
+print()
+
+# %%
+# .. image:: ../../../../_static/ext_ex5b_term_out_0.png
+#    :alt: Terminal output showing the simulated experiment times
+#    :width: 700px
+#    :align: center
+
+
+#%%
+# 4. Analyse & visualise the results
+# ----------------------------------
+
+print(80*"-")
+print("Keys in the simulated experimental data dictionary:")
+for kk in exp_data:
+    print(kk)
+print(80*"-")
+print()
+
+# %%
+# .. image:: ../../../../_static/ext_ex5b_term_out_1.png
+#    :alt: Terminal output showing the simulated experiment data keys
+#    :width: 700px
+#    :align: center
+
+print(80*"-")
+print("Thermal sensor array:")
+print()
+print(f"    {exp_data[('sim_nominal','temp','meas')].shape=}")
+print("    shape=(n_exps,n_sensors,n_field_comps,n_time_steps)")
+print()
+print(f"    {exp_stats[('sim_nominal','temp','meas')].max.shape=}")
+print("    shape=(n_sensors,n_field_comps,n_time_steps)")
+print()
+print(f"    {exp_data[('sim_nominal','temp','pert_sens_pos')].shape=}")
+print("    shape=(n_exps,n_sensors,coord[X,Y,Z])")
+print()
+print(80*"-")
+print("Mechanical sensor array:")
+print()
+print(f"    {exp_data[('sim_nominal','strain','meas')].shape=}")
+print("    shape=(n_exps,n_sensors,n_field_comps,n_time_steps)")
+print()
+print(f"    {exp_stats[('sim_nominal','strain','meas')].max.shape=}")
+print("    shape=(n_sensors,n_field_comps,n_time_steps)")
+print()
+print(f"    {exp_data[('sim_nominal','strain','pert_sens_pos')].shape=}")
+print("    shape=(n_exps,n_sensors,coord[X,Y,Z])")
+print()
+print(80*"-")
+
+# %%
+# .. image:: ../../../../_static/ext_ex5b_term_out_2.png
+#    :alt: Terminal output showing the simulated experiment data structures
+#    :width: 700px
+#    :align: center
+
+output_path: Path = Path.cwd() / "pyvale-output"
+if not output_path.is_dir():
+    output_path.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+
+sens.save_exp_sim_data(output_path/"ex5b_exp_sim_data.npz",exp_data)
+
+
+cam_pos = np.array([(59.354, 43.428, 69.946),
+                    (-2.858, 13.189, 4.523),
+                    (-0.215, 0.948, -0.233)])
+
+pert_sens_pos = exp_data[("sim_nominal","temp","pert_sens_pos")][-1,:,:]
+pv_plot = sens.plot_point_sensors_on_sim(sensor_array=temp_sens,
+                                         comp_key="temperature",
+                                         time_step=-1,
+                                         perturbed_sens_pos=pert_sens_pos)
+pv_plot.camera_position = cam_pos
+
+# Set to False to show an interactive plot instead of saving the figure
+pv_plot.off_screen = True
+if pv_plot.off_screen:
+    pv_plot.screenshot(output_path/"ext_ex5b_temp_locs.png")
+else:
+    pv_plot.show()
+
+# %%
+# Visualisation of the virtual temperature sensor locations:
+#
+# .. image:: ../../../../_static/ext_ex5b_temp_locs.png
+#    :alt: Visualisation of the virtual temperature sensor locations
+#    :width: 800px
+#    :align: center
+
+pert_sens_pos = exp_data[("sim_nominal","strain","pert_sens_pos")][-1,:,:]
+pv_plot = sens.plot_point_sensors_on_sim(sensor_array=strain_sens,
+                                         comp_key="strain_yy",
+                                         time_step=-1,
+                                         perturbed_sens_pos=pert_sens_pos)
+pv_plot.camera_position = cam_pos
+
+# Set to False to show an interactive plot instead of saving the figure
+pv_plot.off_screen = True
+if pv_plot.off_screen:
+    pv_plot.screenshot(output_path/"ext_ex5b_strain_locs.png")
+else:
+    pv_plot.show()
+
+# Uncomment to show interactive figure and set off_screen = False above
+# pv_plot.show()
+
+# %%
+# Visualisation of the virtual strain sensor locations:
+#
+# .. image:: ../../../../_static/ext_ex5b_strain_locs.png
+#    :alt: Visualisation of the virtual strain sensor locations
+#    :width: 800px
+#    :align: center
+
+
+for kk in sim_data_dict:
+    (fig,ax) = sens.plot_exp_traces(
+        exp_data,
+        comp_ind=0,
+        sens_key="temp",
+        sim_key=kk,
+        descriptor=sens.DescriptorFactory.temperature(),
+    )
+
+    save_fig: Path = output_path/f"ext_ex5b_traces_{kk}_temp.png"
+    fig.savefig(save_fig,dpi=300,bbox_inches="tight")
+
+
+# %%
+# Simulated temperatures traces for input physics simulation 0:
+#
+# .. image:: ../../../../_static/ext_ex5b_traces_sim0_temp.png
+#    :alt: Simulated temperature sensor traces for input simulation 0.
+#    :width: 600px
+#    :align: center
+#
+# Simulated temperature traces for input physics simulation 1:
+#
+# .. image:: ../../../../_static/ext_ex5b_traces_sim1_temp.png
+#    :alt: Simulated temperature sensor traces for input simulation 1.
+#    :width: 600px
+#    :align: center
+
+
+for key_sim in sim_data_dict:
+    for ii,key_strain in enumerate((strain_norm_keys+strain_dev_keys)):
+        (fig,ax) = sens.plot_exp_traces(
+            exp_data,
+            comp_ind=ii,
+            sens_key="strain",
+            sim_key=key_sim,
+            descriptor=sens.DescriptorFactory.strain(sens.EDim.THREED)
+        )
+
+        save_fig: Path = (output_path
+            /f"ext_ex5b_traces_{key_sim}_{key_strain}.png")
+        fig.savefig(save_fig,dpi=300,bbox_inches="tight")
+
+# %%
+# Simulated strain traces for input physics simulation 0:
+#
+# .. image:: ../../../../_static/ext_ex5b_traces_sim0_strain_yy.png
+#    :alt: Simulated strain sensor traces form input simulation 0.
+#    :width: 600px
+#    :align: center
+#
+# Simulated strain traces for input physics simulation 1:
+#
+# .. image:: ../../../../_static/ext_ex5b_traces_sim1_strain_yy.png
+#    :alt: Simulated strain sensor traces form input simulation 1.
+#    :width: 600px
+#    :align: center
+
+# Uncomment this to display the sensor trace plot
+# plt.show()