pyAgrum-nightly 2.3.0.9.dev202512061764412981__cp310-abi3-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl

pyagrum/lib/proba_histogram.py

@@ -0,0 +1,552 @@
+############################################################################
+#   This file is part of the aGrUM/pyAgrum library.                        #
+#                                                                          #
+#   Copyright (c) 2005-2025 by                                             #
+#       - Pierre-Henri WUILLEMIN(_at_LIP6)                                 #
+#       - Christophe GONZALES(_at_AMU)                                     #
+#                                                                          #
+#   The aGrUM/pyAgrum library is free software; you can redistribute it    #
+#   and/or modify it under the terms of either :                           #
+#                                                                          #
+#    - the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by               #
+#      the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License,      #
+#      or (at your option) any later version,                              #
+#    - the MIT license (MIT),                                              #
+#    - or both in dual license, as here.                                   #
+#                                                                          #
+#   (see https://agrum.gitlab.io/articles/dual-licenses-lgplv3mit.html)    #
+#                                                                          #
+#   This aGrUM/pyAgrum library is distributed in the hope that it will be  #
+#   useful, but WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,          #
+#   INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS #
+#   FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE  AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE   #
+#   AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER #
+#   LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,        #
+#   ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR  #
+#   OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.                                        #
+#                                                                          #
+#   See LICENCES for more details.                                         #
+#                                                                          #
+#   SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2005-2025                            #
+#       - Pierre-Henri WUILLEMIN(_at_LIP6)                                 #
+#       - Christophe GONZALES(_at_AMU)                                     #
+#   SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-or-later OR MIT                      #
+#                                                                          #
+#   Contact  : info_at_agrum_dot_org                                       #
+#   homepage : http://agrum.gitlab.io                                      #
+#   gitlab   : https://gitlab.com/agrumery/agrum                           #
+#                                                                          #
+############################################################################
+
+import math
+import numpy as np
+
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+from matplotlib.ticker import AutoMinorLocator
+
+import pyagrum as gum
+
+LEFT_ARROW = "\u2190"
+RIGHT_ARROW = "\u2192"
+
+
+def _stats(pot):
+  mu = 0.0
+  mu2 = 0.0
+  v = pot.variable(0)
+  for i, p in enumerate(pot.tolist()):
+    x = v.numerical(i)
+    mu += p * x
+    mu2 += p * x * x
+  return mu, math.sqrt(mu2 - mu * mu)
+
+
+def _getTitleHisto(p, show_mu_sigma=True):
+  var = p.variable(0)
+
+  if var.varType() == 1 or not show_mu_sigma:  # type=1 is for gum.LabelizedVariable
+    return var.name()
+
+  (mu, std) = _stats(p)
+  if std == 0.0:
+    return var.name()
+  else:
+    return f"{var.name()}\n$\\mu={mu:.2f}$; $\\sigma={std:.2f}$"
+
+
+def __limits(p):
+  """return vals and labs to show in the histograme
+
+  Parameters
+  ----------
+    p : gum.Tensor
+      the marginal to analyze
+  """
+  var = p.variable(0)
+  la = [var.label(int(i)) for i in np.arange(var.domainSize())]
+  v = p.tolist()
+  nzmin = None
+  nzmax = None
+  l = len(v) - 1
+  for i in range(l + 1):
+    if v[i] != 0 and nzmin is None:
+      if i > 0:
+        nzmin = i - 1
+      else:
+        nzmin = -1
+    if v[l - i] != 0:
+      if nzmax is None:
+        if i > 0:
+          nzmax = l - i + 1
+        else:
+          nzmax = -1
+
+  mi = 0 if nzmin in [-1, None] else nzmin
+  ma = l if nzmax in [-1, None] else nzmax
+  if mi > 0:
+    mi -= 1
+  if ma < l:
+    ma += 1
+
+  res = range(mi, ma + 1)
+  lres = la[mi : ma + 1]
+  # if nzmin not in [-1, 0, None]:
+  if mi > 1:
+    lres[0] = LEFT_ARROW + var.label(mi)
+  # if nzmax not in [-1, var.domainSize()-1, None]:
+  if ma < var.domainSize() - 2:
+    lres[-1] = var.label(ma + 1) + RIGHT_ARROW
+
+  return res, [v[i] for i in res], lres
+
+
+def _getProbaLine(p, scale=1.0, txtcolor="black"):
+  """
+  compute the representation of a matplotlib.fill_between for a mono-dim Tensor
+
+  Parameters
+  ----------
+    p : pyagrum.Tensor
+      the mono-dimensional Tensor
+    scale : float
+      the scale
+    txtcolor : str
+      color for text
+
+  Returns
+  -------
+  matplotlib.Figure
+    a matplotlib figure for a Tensor p.
+  """
+
+  var = p.variable(0)
+  if gum.config["notebook", "histogram_mode"] == "compact":
+    ra, v, lv = __limits(p)
+  else:
+    lv = [var.label(int(i)) for i in np.arange(var.domainSize())]
+    v = p.tolist()
+    ra = range(var.domainSize())
+
+  if var.domainSize() > 15:
+    nbr_step = 15
+    max_step = var.domainSize() - 1
+    while True:
+      if nbr_step == 2 or max_step % nbr_step == 0:
+        step = max_step // nbr_step
+        break
+      nbr_step -= 1
+  else:
+    step = 1
+
+  fig = plt.figure()
+  fig.set_figwidth(min(scale * 6, scale * len(v) / 4.0))
+  fig.set_figheight(scale * 2)
+
+  ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
+  ax.set_xticks(ra[::step])
+  ax.set_xticklabels(lv[::step], rotation="vertical")
+  ax.fill_between(ra, v, color=gum.config["notebook", "histogram_color"])
+
+  ax.set_ylim(bottom=0, top=1.05 * p.max())
+  ax.set_title(_getTitleHisto(p, True), color=txtcolor)
+
+  ax.get_xaxis().grid(True)
+  ax.get_yaxis().grid(True)
+  ax.margins(0)
+
+  ax.set_facecolor("w")
+  return fig
+
+
+def _getProbaV(p, scale=1.0, util=None, txtcolor="black"):
+  """
+  compute the representation of a vertical histogram for a mono-dim Tensor
+
+  Parameters
+  ----------
+    p : pyagrum.Tensor
+      the mono-dimensional Tensor
+    util : pyagrum.Tensor
+      an (optional) secondary Tensor (values in labels)
+    txtcolor : str
+      color for text
+
+  Returns
+  -------
+  matplotlib.Figure
+    a matplotlib histogram for a Tensor p.
+
+  """
+  if gum.config["notebook", "histogram_mode"] == "compact":
+    ra, v, lv = __limits(p)
+  else:
+    var = p.variable(0)
+    if util is not None:
+      lu = util.toarray()
+      coef = -1 if gum.config.asBool["influenceDiagram", "utility_show_loss"] else 1
+      fmt = f".{gum.config.asInt['influenceDiagram', 'utility_visible_digits']}f"
+      lv = [f"{var.label(int(i))} [{coef * lu[i]:{fmt}}]" for i in np.arange(var.domainSize())]
+    else:
+      lv = [var.label(int(i)) for i in np.arange(var.domainSize())]
+    v = p.tolist()
+    ra = range(len(v))
+
+  fig = plt.figure()
+  fig.set_figwidth(scale * len(v) / 4.0)
+  fig.set_figheight(scale * 2)
+
+  ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
+
+  bars = ax.bar(ra, v, align="center", color=gum.config["notebook", "histogram_color"])
+  ma = p.max()
+
+  if gum.config.asBool["notebook", "histogram_use_percent"]:
+    perc = 100
+    suffix = "%"
+  else:
+    perc = 1
+    suffix = ""
+  for b in bars:
+    if b.get_height() != 0:
+      txt = f"{b.get_height() * perc:.{gum.config.asInt['notebook', 'histogram_vertical_visible_digits']}f}{suffix}"
+      ax.text(b.get_x() + 0.5, ma, txt, ha="center", va="top", rotation="vertical", alpha=0.7)
+
+  ax.set_ylim(bottom=0, top=p.max())
+  ax.set_yticklabels([])
+  ax.set_xticks(ra)
+  ax.set_xticklabels(lv, rotation="vertical", color=txtcolor)
+  # even if utility, now we do show the mean/sigma of the distribution.
+  ax.set_title(_getTitleHisto(p, True), color=txtcolor)
+  ax.get_yaxis().grid(True)
+  ax.margins(0)
+  ax.set_facecolor("w")
+
+  return fig
+
+
+def _getProbaH(p, scale=1.0, util=None, txtcolor="black"):
+  """
+  compute the representation of a horizontal histogram for a mono-dim Tensor
+
+  Parameters
+  ----------
+    p : pyagrum.Tensor
+      the mono-dimensional Tensor
+    scale : scale for the size of the graph
+    util : pyagrum.Tensor
+      an (optional) secondary Tensor (values in labels)
+    txtcolor : str
+      color for text
+
+  Returns
+  -------
+  matplotlib.Figure
+    a matplotlib histogram for a Tensor p.
+  """
+  var = p.variable(0)
+  ra = np.arange(var.domainSize())
+
+  ra_reverse = np.arange(var.domainSize() - 1, -1, -1)  # reverse order
+
+  if util is not None:
+    lu = util.toarray()
+    fmt = f".{gum.config.asInt['influenceDiagram', 'utility_visible_digits']}f"
+
+    if gum.config.asBool["influenceDiagram", "utility_show_loss"]:
+      vx = [f"{var.label(int(i))} [{-lu[i] if lu[i] != 0 else 0:{fmt}}]" for i in ra_reverse]
+    else:
+      vx = [f"{var.label(int(i))} [{lu[i]:{fmt}}]" for i in ra_reverse]
+  else:
+    vx = [var.label(int(i)) for i in ra_reverse]
+
+  fig = plt.figure()
+  fig.set_figheight(scale * var.domainSize() / 4.0)
+  fig.set_figwidth(scale * 2)
+
+  ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
+  ax.set_facecolor("white")
+
+  vals = p.tolist()
+  vals.reverse()
+  bars = ax.barh(ra, vals, align="center", color=gum.config["notebook", "histogram_color"])
+
+  if gum.config.asBool["notebook", "histogram_use_percent"]:
+    perc = 100
+    suffix = "%"
+  else:
+    perc = 1
+    suffix = ""
+  for b in bars:
+    if b.get_width() != 0:
+      txt = f"{b.get_width() * perc:.{gum.config.asInt['notebook', 'histogram_horizontal_visible_digits']}f}{suffix}"
+      ax.text(1, b.get_y(), txt, ha="right", va="bottom", alpha=0.7)
+
+  ax.set_xlim(0, 1)
+  ax.set_yticks(np.arange(var.domainSize()))
+  ax.set_yticklabels(vx, color=txtcolor)
+  ax.set_xticklabels([])
+  # ax.set_xlabel('Probability')
+  # Even if utility, now we do show the mean/sigma of the distribution.
+  ax.set_title(_getTitleHisto(p, True), color=txtcolor)
+  ax.get_xaxis().grid(True)
+  ax.margins(0)
+
+  return fig
+
+
+def _getHistoForDiscretized(p, scale=1, txtcolor="Black"):
+  var = p.variable(0)
+  vx = var.ticks()
+  widths = [vx[i + 1] - vx[i] for i in range(len(vx) - 1)]
+  vals = [v / w for v, w in zip(p.tolist(), widths)]
+
+  lim1 = 0
+  lim2 = len(vals) - 1
+  if gum.config["notebook", "histogram_mode"] == "compact":
+    while vals[lim1] <= gum.config.asFloat["notebook", "histogram_epsilon"]:
+      lim1 += 1
+    if lim1 > 0:
+      lim1 -= 1
+
+    while vals[lim2] <= gum.config.asFloat["notebook", "histogram_epsilon"]:
+      lim2 -= 1
+    if lim2 < len(vals) - 1:
+      lim2 += 1
+    if lim2 >= len(vx):
+      lim2 -= 1
+
+  fig = plt.figure()
+  fw = scale * max(10, (lim2 - lim1)) / 8
+  fig.set_figwidth(fw)
+  fig.set_figheight(scale)
+
+  ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
+  ax.set_facecolor("white")
+  delta = 0.025 * (vx[lim2 + 1] - vx[lim1])
+  ax.set_xlim(vx[lim1] - delta, vx[lim2 + 1] + delta)
+  ax.set_xticks([vx[lim1], (vx[lim2 + 1] + vx[lim1]) / 2, vx[lim2 + 1]])
+  ax.set_xticklabels(
+    [f"{vx[lim1]:.2f}", f"{(vx[lim2 + 1] + vx[lim1]) / 2:.2f}", f"{vx[lim2 + 1]:.2f}"],
+    color=txtcolor,
+    rotation="vertical" if fw < 1.3 else "horizontal",
+  )
+  ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator())
+  ax.tick_params(which="minor", length=4)
+  ax.set_ylim(bottom=0, top=1.05 * max(vals))
+  ax.get_xaxis().grid(True, which="both", zorder=0)
+
+  _ = ax.bar(
+    vx[lim1 : 1 + lim2],
+    height=vals[lim1 : 1 + lim2],
+    width=widths[lim1 : 1 + lim2],
+    align="edge",
+    color=gum.config["notebook", "histogram_color"],
+    edgecolor=gum.config["notebook", "histogram_edge_color"],
+    zorder=33,
+  )
+
+  # Even if utility, now we do show the mean/sigma of the distribution.
+  ax.set_title(_getTitleHisto(p, True), color=txtcolor)
+  ax.margins(0)
+
+  return fig
+
+
+def proba2histo(p, scale=None, util=None, txtcolor="Black"):
+  """
+  compute the representation of a histogram for a mono-dim Tensor
+
+  Parameters
+  ----------
+    p : pyagrum.Tensor
+      the mono-dimensional Tensor
+    scale : float
+      scale for the size of the graph
+    util : pyagrum.Tensor
+      an (optional) secondary Tensor (values in labels)
+    txtcolor : str
+      color for text
+
+  Returns
+  -------
+  matplotlib.Figure
+    a matplotlib histogram for a Tensor p.
+  """
+  # if util is not None:
+  #  if scale is None:
+  #    scale = 1.0
+  #  return _getProbaH(p, scale, util=util, txtcolor=txtcolor)
+
+  isev = p.min() == 0.0 and p.max() == 1.0 and p.sum() == 1.0
+
+  if p.variable(0).varType() == gum.VarType_DISCRETIZED:
+    if gum.config["notebook", "histogram_discretized_visualisation"] == "histogram":
+      if scale is None:
+        scale = gum.config.asFloat["notebook", "histogram_discretized_scale"]
+      return _getHistoForDiscretized(p, scale, txtcolor)
+
+  if scale is None:
+    scale = 1.0
+
+  if p.variable(0).domainSize() > int(gum.config["notebook", "histogram_line_threshold"]) and not (isev):
+    return _getProbaLine(p, scale, txtcolor=txtcolor)
+
+  if p.variable(0).domainSize() > int(gum.config["notebook", "histogram_horizontal_threshold"]):
+    return _getProbaV(p, scale, txtcolor=txtcolor)
+
+  return _getProbaH(p, scale, util=util, txtcolor=txtcolor)
+
+
+def saveFigProba(p, filename, util=None, bgcolor=None, txtcolor="Black"):
+  """
+  save a figure  which is the representation of a histogram for a mono-dim Tensor
+
+  Parameters
+  ----------
+    p : pyagrum.Tensor
+      the mono-dimensional Tensor
+    filename: str
+      the name of the saved file
+    util : pyagrum.Tensor
+      an (optional) secondary Tensor (values in labels)
+    bgcolor: str
+      color for background (transparent if None)
+    txtcolor : str
+      color for text
+  """
+  fig = proba2histo(p, util=util, txtcolor=txtcolor)
+
+  if bgcolor is None:
+    fc = gum.config["notebook", "figure_facecolor"]
+  else:
+    fc = bgcolor
+
+  fig.savefig(
+    filename,
+    bbox_inches="tight",
+    transparent=False,
+    facecolor=fc,
+    pad_inches=0.05,
+    dpi=fig.dpi,
+    format=gum.config["notebook", "graph_format"],
+  )
+  plt.close(fig)
+
+
+def probaMinMaxH(pmin, pmax, scale=1.0, txtcolor="black"):
+  """
+  compute the representation of a horizontal histogram for a mono-dim Tensor
+
+  Parameters
+  ----------
+    pmin,pmax : pyagrum.Tensor
+      two mono-dimensional Tensor
+    scale : float
+      scale for the size of the graph
+    txtcolor : str
+      color for text
+
+  Returns
+  -------
+  matplotlib.Figure
+    a matplotlib histogram for a bi-Tensor pmin,pmax.
+  """
+  var = pmin.variable(0)
+  ra = np.arange(var.domainSize())
+
+  ra_reverse = np.arange(var.domainSize() - 1, -1, -1)  # reverse order
+  vx = [var.label(int(i)) for i in ra_reverse]
+
+  fig = plt.figure()
+  fig.set_figheight(scale * var.domainSize() / 4.0)
+  fig.set_figwidth(scale * 2)
+
+  ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
+  ax.set_facecolor("white")
+
+  vmin = pmin.tolist()
+  vmin.reverse()
+  vmax = pmax.tolist()
+  vmax.reverse()
+  barsmax = ax.barh(ra, vmax, align="center", color="#BBFFAA")
+  barsmin = ax.barh(ra, vmin, align="center", color=gum.config["notebook", "histogram_color"])
+
+  if gum.config.asBool["notebook", "histogram_use_percent"]:
+    perc = 100
+    suffix = "%"
+  else:
+    perc = 1
+    suffix = ""
+
+  for b in barsmax:
+    txt = f"{b.get_width() * perc:.{gum.config.asInt['notebook', 'histogram_horizontal_visible_digits']}f}{suffix}"
+    ax.text(1, b.get_y(), txt, ha="right", va="bottom")
+  for b in barsmin:
+    txt = f"{b.get_width() * perc:.{gum.config.asInt['notebook', 'histogram_horizontal_visible_digits']}f}{suffix}"
+    ax.text(0, b.get_y(), txt, ha="left", va="bottom")
+
+  ax.set_xlim(0, 1)
+  ax.set_yticks(np.arange(var.domainSize()))
+  ax.set_yticklabels(vx, color=txtcolor)
+  ax.set_xticklabels([])
+  ax.set_title(pmin.variable(0).name(), color=txtcolor)
+  ax.get_xaxis().grid(True)
+  ax.margins(0)
+
+  return fig
+
+
+def saveFigProbaMinMax(pmin, pmax, filename, bgcolor=None, txtcolor="Black"):
+  """
+  save a figure  which is the representation of a histogram for a bi-Tensor (min,max)
+
+  Parameters
+  ----------
+    pmin : pyagrum.Tensor
+      the mono-dimensional Tensor for min values
+    pmax : pyagrum.Tensor
+      the mono-dimensional Tensor for max value
+    filename : str
+      the name of the saved file
+    bgcolor: str
+      color for background (transparent if None)
+    txtcolor : str
+      color for text
+  """
+  fig = probaMinMaxH(pmin, pmax, txtcolor=txtcolor)
+
+  if bgcolor is None:
+    fc = gum.config["notebook", "figure_facecolor"]
+  else:
+    fc = bgcolor
+
+  fig.savefig(
+    filename,
+    bbox_inches="tight",
+    transparent=False,
+    facecolor=fc,
+    pad_inches=0.05,
+    dpi=fig.dpi,
+    format=gum.config["notebook", "graph_format"],
+  )
+  plt.close(fig)

pyagrum/lib/utils.py

@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+############################################################################
+#   This file is part of the aGrUM/pyAgrum library.                        #
+#                                                                          #
+#   Copyright (c) 2005-2025 by                                             #
+#       - Pierre-Henri WUILLEMIN(_at_LIP6)                                 #
+#       - Christophe GONZALES(_at_AMU)                                     #
+#                                                                          #
+#   The aGrUM/pyAgrum library is free software; you can redistribute it    #
+#   and/or modify it under the terms of either :                           #
+#                                                                          #
+#    - the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by               #
+#      the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License,      #
+#      or (at your option) any later version,                              #
+#    - the MIT license (MIT),                                              #
+#    - or both in dual license, as here.                                   #
+#                                                                          #
+#   (see https://agrum.gitlab.io/articles/dual-licenses-lgplv3mit.html)    #
+#                                                                          #
+#   This aGrUM/pyAgrum library is distributed in the hope that it will be  #
+#   useful, but WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,          #
+#   INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS #
+#   FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE  AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE   #
+#   AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER #
+#   LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,        #
+#   ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR  #
+#   OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.                                        #
+#                                                                          #
+#   See LICENCES for more details.                                         #
+#                                                                          #
+#   SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2005-2025                            #
+#       - Pierre-Henri WUILLEMIN(_at_LIP6)                                 #
+#       - Christophe GONZALES(_at_AMU)                                     #
+#   SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-or-later OR MIT                      #
+#                                                                          #
+#   Contact  : info_at_agrum_dot_org                                       #
+#   homepage : http://agrum.gitlab.io                                      #
+#   gitlab   : https://gitlab.com/agrumery/agrum                           #
+#                                                                          #
+############################################################################
+
+"""
+collection of utilities for pyagrum.lib
+"""
+
+from typing import Dict
+import csv
+import pydot as dot
+
+import pyagrum as gum
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+
+def setDarkTheme():
+  """change the color for arcs and text in graphs to be more visible in dark theme"""
+  gum.config["notebook", "default_arc_color"] = "#AAAAAA"
+
+
+def setLightTheme():
+  """change the color for arcs and text in graphs to be more visible in light theme"""
+  gum.config["notebook", "default_arc_color"] = "#4A4A4A"
+
+
+def getBlackInTheme():
+  """return the color used for arc and text in graphs"""
+  return gum.config["notebook", "default_arc_color"]
+
+
+DotPoint = namedtuple("DotPoint", ["x", "y"])
+
+
+def dot_layout(g: dot.Dot) -> Dict[str, DotPoint]:
+  """
+  extract the layout from a dot graph
+
+  Parameters
+  ----------
+  g : pydot.Dot
+    the graph
+
+  Returns
+  -------
+  Dict[str,Tuple[float, float]]
+     the layout i.e. the position of each node, identified by their name.
+  """
+  return {
+    l[1]: DotPoint(float(l[2]), float(l[3]))
+    for l in csv.reader(g.create(format="plain").decode("utf8").split("\n"), delimiter=" ", quotechar='"')
+    if len(l) > 3 and l[0] == "node"
+  }
+
+
+def apply_dot_layout(g: dot.Dot, layout: Dict[str, DotPoint]):
+  """
+  apply a layout to a dot graph
+
+  Parameters
+  ----------
+  g : pydot.Dot
+    the graph
+
+  layout : Dict[str,Tuple[float, float]]
+     the layout i.e. the position of each node, identified by their name.
+  """
+  g.set_layout("fdp")  # force directed placement
+  for n in g.get_nodes():
+    name = n.get_name()
+    if name in {"edge", "node"}:  # default attributes for all following nodes or edges
+      continue
+    if name[0] == '"':
+      pos = layout[name[1:-1]]
+    else:
+      pos = layout[name]
+    n.set_pos(f'"{pos.x:.2f},{pos.y:.2f}!"')
+
+
+async def async_html2image(htmlcontent: str, filename: str):
+  """
+  convert an html content to an image. The format is determined by the extension of the filename.
+  This function is asynchronous and uses playwright. To install playwright, use `pip install playwright` and then `playwright install`.
+
+  Parameters
+  ----------
+  htmlcontent : str
+    the html content to convert
+  filename: str
+    the filename of the image to create. The format is determined by the extension of the filename (at least pdf and png).
+  """
+  from playwright.async_api import async_playwright
+
+  playwright = await async_playwright().start()
+  browser = await playwright.chromium.launch(headless=True)
+  page = await browser.new_page()
+  await page.set_content(htmlcontent)
+  if filename.endswith(".pdf"):
+    await page.pdf(path=filename, scale=1, print_background=True, width="0")
+  else:
+    await page.screenshot(path=filename, type=filename.split(".")[-1])
+  return