psychopy 2025.2.4__py3-none-any.whl

psychopy/app/builder/builder.py

@@ -0,0 +1,4738 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+Defines the behavior of Psychopy's Builder view window
+Part of the PsychoPy library
+Copyright (C) 2002-2018 Jonathan Peirce (C) 2019-2025 Open Science Tools Ltd.
+Distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL).
+"""
+import collections
+import os, sys
+import subprocess
+import webbrowser
+from collections import OrderedDict
+from pathlib import Path
+import glob
+import copy
+import traceback
+import codecs
+from types import SimpleNamespace
+
+import numpy
+import requests
+import io
+
+from packaging.version import Version
+import wx.stc
+from wx.lib import scrolledpanel
+from wx.lib import platebtn
+from wx.html import HtmlWindow
+
+import psychopy.app.plugin_manager.dialog
+from .dialogs.paramCtrls import EVT_PARAM_CHANGED
+from .validators import WarningManager
+from ..pavlovia_ui import sync, PavloviaMiniBrowser
+from ..pavlovia_ui.project import ProjectFrame
+from ..pavlovia_ui.search import SearchFrame
+from ..pavlovia_ui.user import UserFrame
+from ..pavlovia_ui.functions import logInPavlovia
+from ..deviceManager import DeviceManagerDlg
+from ...experiment import getAllElements, getAllCategories
+from ...experiment.routines import Routine, BaseStandaloneRoutine
+from psychopy.tools.versionchooser import parseVersionSafely, psychopyVersion
+
+try:
+    import markdown_it as md
+except ImportError:
+    md = None
+import wx.lib.agw.aui as aui  # some versions of phoenix
+try:
+    from wx.adv import PseudoDC
+except ImportError:
+    from wx import PseudoDC
+
+if Version(wx.__version__) < Version('4.0.3'):
+    wx.NewIdRef = wx.NewId
+
+from psychopy.localization import _translate
+from ... import experiment, prefs
+from .. import dialogs, utils, ribbon
+from ..themes import icons, colors, handlers
+from ..themes.ui import ThemeSwitcher
+from ..ui import BaseAuiFrame
+from psychopy import logging, data
+from psychopy.tools.filetools import mergeFolder
+from .dialogs import (DlgComponentProperties, DlgExperimentProperties,
+                      DlgCodeComponentProperties, DlgLoopProperties,
+                      ParamNotebook, DlgNewRoutine, BuilderFindDlg)
+from ..utils import (BasePsychopyToolbar, HoverButton, ThemedPanel, WindowFrozen,
+                     FileDropTarget, FrameSwitcher, updateDemosMenu,
+                     ToggleButtonArray, HoverMixin)
+
+from psychopy.experiment import getAllStandaloneRoutines
+from psychopy.app import pavlovia_ui
+from psychopy.projects import pavlovia
+from psychopy.tools import stringtools as st
+from psychopy.scripts.psyexpCompile import generateScript
+
+# Components which are always hidden
+alwaysHidden = [
+    'BaseComponent', 
+    'BaseDeviceComponent',
+    'BaseStandaloneRoutine', 
+    'BaseDeviceRoutine',
+    'BaseValidatorRoutine',
+]
+
+
+class TemplateManager(dict):
+    mainFolder = Path(prefs.paths['resources']).absolute() / 'routine_templates'
+    userFolder = Path(prefs.paths['userPrefsDir']).absolute() / 'routine_templates'
+    experimentFiles = {}
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        dict.__init__(self)
+        self.updateTemplates()
+
+    def updateTemplates(self, ):
+        """Search and import templates in the standard files"""
+        for folder in [TemplateManager.mainFolder, TemplateManager.userFolder]:
+            categs = folder.glob("*.psyexp")
+            for filePath in categs:
+                thisExp = experiment.Experiment()
+                thisExp.loadFromXML(filePath)
+                categName = filePath.stem
+                self[categName]={}
+                for routineName in thisExp.routines:
+                    self[categName][routineName] = copy.copy(thisExp.routines[routineName])
+
+
+class BuilderFrame(BaseAuiFrame, handlers.ThemeMixin):
+    """Defines construction of the Psychopy Builder Frame"""
+
+    routineTemplates = TemplateManager()
+
+    def __init__(self, parent, id=-1, title='PsychoPy (Experiment Builder)',
+                 pos=wx.DefaultPosition, fileName=None, frameData=None,
+                 style=wx.DEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE, app=None):
+
+        if (fileName is not None) and (type(fileName) == bytes):
+            fileName = fileName.decode(sys.getfilesystemencoding())
+
+        self.app = app
+        self.dpi = self.app.dpi
+        # things the user doesn't set like winsize etc:
+        self.appData = self.app.prefs.appData['builder']
+        # things about the builder that the user can set:
+        self.prefs = self.app.prefs.builder
+        self.appPrefs = self.app.prefs.app
+        self.paths = self.app.prefs.paths
+        self.frameType = 'builder'
+        self.fileExists = False
+        self.filename = fileName
+        self.htmlPath = None
+        self.scriptProcess = None
+        self.stdoutBuffer = None
+        self.readmeFrame = None
+        self.generateScript = generateScript
+
+        # default window title
+        self.winTitle = title
+
+        # get last frame information, or default
+        if fileName in self.appData['frames']:
+            self.frameData = self.appData['frames'][fileName]
+        else:
+            self.frameData = dict(self.appData['defaultFrame'])
+            # work out best default size from screen size
+            i = wx.Display.GetFromPoint(wx.Point(
+                int(self.frameData['winX']), int(self.frameData['winY'])
+            ))
+            try:
+                disp = wx.Display(max(i, 0))
+            except:
+                disp = wx.Display(0)
+            dispW, dispH = list(disp.GetGeometry())[2:]
+            # set in frameData array
+            self.frameData['winW'] = dispW * 0.75
+            self.frameData['winH'] = dispH * 0.75
+            # increment default for next frame
+            self.frameData['winX'] += 10
+            self.frameData['winY'] += 10
+        # handle when last open frame was minimised or invalid
+        for key in ("winH", "winW", "winX", "winY"):
+            self.frameData[key] = max(self.frameData[key], 20)
+        # initialise
+        BaseAuiFrame.__init__(
+            self, 
+            parent=parent, 
+            id=id, 
+            size=(
+                int(self.frameData['winW']), int(self.frameData['winH'])
+            ),
+            pos=(
+                int(self.frameData['winX']), int(self.frameData['winY'])
+            ),
+            title=title,
+            style=style
+        )
+        # detect retina displays (then don't use double-buffering)
+        self.isRetina = \
+            self.GetContentScaleFactor() != 1 and wx.Platform == '__WXMAC__'
+
+        # create icon
+        if sys.platform != 'darwin':
+            # doesn't work on darwin and not necessary: handled by app bundle
+            iconFile = os.path.join(self.paths['resources'], 'builder.ico')
+            if os.path.isfile(iconFile):
+                self.SetIcon(wx.Icon(iconFile, wx.BITMAP_TYPE_ICO))
+
+        # create our panels
+        self.flowPanel = FlowPanel(frame=self)
+        self.flowCanvas = self.flowPanel.canvas
+        self.routinePanel = RoutinesNotebook(self)
+        self.componentButtons = ComponentsPanel(self)
+        self.ribbon = BuilderRibbon(self)
+        # menus and toolbars
+        self.menuIDs = SimpleNamespace()
+        self.makeMenus()
+        self.CreateStatusBar()
+        self.SetStatusText("")
+
+        # setup universal shortcuts
+        accelTable = self.app.makeAccelTable()
+        self.SetAcceleratorTable(accelTable)
+
+        # setup a default exp
+        if fileName is not None and self.filename.is_file():
+            self.fileOpen(filename=fileName, closeCurrent=False)
+        else:
+            self.lastSavedCopy = None
+            # don't try to close before opening
+            self.fileNew(closeCurrent=False)
+
+        self.updateReadme()  # check/create frame as needed
+
+        # control the panes using aui manager
+        self._mgr = self.getAuiManager()
+
+        #self._mgr.SetArtProvider(PsychopyDockArt())
+        #self._art = self._mgr.GetArtProvider()
+        # Create panels
+        self._mgr.AddPane(self.ribbon,
+                          aui.AuiPaneInfo().
+                          Name("Ribbon").
+                          DockFixed(True).
+                          CloseButton(False).MaximizeButton(True).PaneBorder(False).CaptionVisible(False).
+                          Top()
+                          )
+        self._mgr.AddPane(self.routinePanel,
+                          aui.AuiPaneInfo().
+                          Name("Routines").Caption("Routines").CaptionVisible(True).
+                          Floatable(False).
+                          Movable(False).
+                          CloseButton(False).MaximizeButton(True).PaneBorder(False).
+                          Center())  # 'center panes' expand
+        rtPane = self._mgr.GetPane('Routines')
+        self._mgr.AddPane(self.componentButtons,
+                          aui.AuiPaneInfo().
+                          Name("Components").Caption("Components").CaptionVisible(True).
+                          Floatable(False).
+                          RightDockable(True).LeftDockable(True).
+                          CloseButton(False).PaneBorder(False))
+        compPane = self._mgr.GetPane('Components')
+        self._mgr.AddPane(self.flowPanel,
+                          aui.AuiPaneInfo().
+                          Name("Flow").Caption("Flow").CaptionVisible(True).
+                          BestSize((8 * self.dpi, 2 * self.dpi)).
+                          Floatable(False).
+                          RightDockable(True).LeftDockable(True).
+                          CloseButton(False).PaneBorder(False))
+        flowPane = self._mgr.GetPane('Flow')
+        self.layoutPanes()
+        rtPane.CaptionVisible(True)
+        # tell the manager to 'commit' all the changes just made
+        self._mgr.Update()
+        # self.SetSizer(self.mainSizer)  # not necessary for aui type controls
+        if self.frameData['auiPerspective']:
+            backup = self._mgr.SavePerspective()
+            try:
+                self._mgr.LoadPerspective(self.frameData['auiPerspective'])
+            except:
+                self._mgr.LoadPerspective(backup)
+        self.SetMinSize(wx.Size(600, 400))  # min size for the whole window
+        self.SetSize(
+            (int(self.frameData['winW']), int(self.frameData['winH'])))
+        self.SendSizeEvent()
+        self._mgr.GetPane("Ribbon").Show()
+        self._mgr.Update()
+
+        # self.SetAutoLayout(True)
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_CLOSE, self.closeFrame)
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_SIZE, self.onResize)
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_SHOW, self.onShow)
+
+        self.app.trackFrame(self)
+        self.SetDropTarget(FileDropTarget(targetFrame=self))
+
+        self.theme = colors.theme
+
+    @property
+    def session(self):
+        """
+        Current Pavlovia session
+        """
+        return pavlovia.getCurrentSession()
+
+    # Synonymise Aui manager for use with theme mixin
+    def GetAuiManager(self):
+        return self._mgr
+
+    def makeMenus(self):
+        """
+        Produces Menus for the Builder Frame
+        """
+
+        # ---Menus---#000000#FFFFFF-------------------------------------------
+        menuBar = wx.MenuBar()
+        # ---_file---#000000#FFFFFF-------------------------------------------
+        self.fileMenu = wx.Menu()
+        menuBar.Append(self.fileMenu, _translate('&File'))
+
+        # create a file history submenu
+        self.fileHistoryMaxFiles = 10
+        self.fileHistory = wx.FileHistory(maxFiles=self.fileHistoryMaxFiles)
+        self.recentFilesMenu = wx.Menu()
+        self.fileHistory.UseMenu(self.recentFilesMenu)
+        for filename in self.appData['fileHistory']:
+            if os.path.exists(filename):
+                self.fileHistory.AddFileToHistory(filename)
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU_RANGE, self.OnFileHistory,
+                  id=wx.ID_FILE1, id2=wx.ID_FILE9)
+        keys = self.app.keys
+        menu = self.fileMenu
+        menu.Append(
+            wx.ID_NEW,
+            _translate("&New\t%s") % keys['new'])
+        menu.Append(
+            wx.ID_OPEN,
+            _translate("&Open...\t%s") % keys['open'])
+        menu.AppendSubMenu(
+            self.recentFilesMenu,
+            _translate("Open &Recent"))
+        menu.Append(
+            wx.ID_SAVE,
+            _translate("&Save\t%s") % keys['save'],
+            _translate("Save current experiment file"))
+        menu.Append(
+            wx.ID_SAVEAS,
+            _translate("Save &as...\t%s") % keys['saveAs'],
+            _translate("Save current experiment file as..."))
+        # export html
+        self.menuIDs.ID_EXPORT_HTML = wx.NewIdRef(count=1)
+        menu.Append(
+            self.menuIDs.ID_EXPORT_HTML,
+            _translate("Export HTML...\t%s") % keys['exportHTML'],
+            _translate("Export experiment to html/javascript file")
+        )
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.fileExport, id=self.menuIDs.ID_EXPORT_HTML)
+        # reveal folder
+        self.menuIDs.ID_REVEAL = wx.NewIdRef(count=1)
+        menu.Append(
+            self.menuIDs.ID_REVEAL,
+            _translate("Reveal in file explorer...\t%s") % keys['revealFolder'],
+            _translate("Open the folder containing this experiment in your system's file explorer")
+        )
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.fileReveal, id=self.menuIDs.ID_REVEAL)
+        menu.Append(
+            wx.ID_CLOSE,
+            _translate("&Close file\t%s") % keys['close'],
+            _translate("Close current experiment"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.app.newBuilderFrame, id=wx.ID_NEW)
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.fileSave, id=wx.ID_SAVE)
+        menu.Enable(wx.ID_SAVE, False)
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.fileSaveAs, id=wx.ID_SAVEAS)
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.fileOpen, id=wx.ID_OPEN)
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.commandCloseFrame, id=wx.ID_CLOSE)
+        self.fileMenu.AppendSeparator()
+        item = menu.Append(
+            wx.ID_PREFERENCES,
+            _translate("&Preferences\t%s") % keys['preferences'])
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.app.showPrefs, item)
+        item = menu.Append(
+            wx.ID_ANY, _translate("Reset preferences...")
+        )
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.resetPrefs, item)
+        # item = menu.Append(wx.NewIdRef(count=1), "Plug&ins")
+        # self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.pluginManager, item)
+        self.fileMenu.AppendSeparator()
+        self.fileMenu.Append(wx.ID_EXIT,
+                             _translate("&Quit\t%s") % keys['quit'],
+                             _translate("Terminate the program"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.quit, id=wx.ID_EXIT)
+
+        # ------------- edit ------------------------------------
+        self.editMenu = wx.Menu()
+        menuBar.Append(self.editMenu, _translate('&Edit'))
+        menu = self.editMenu
+        self._undoLabel = menu.Append(wx.ID_UNDO,
+                                      _translate("Undo\t%s") % keys['undo'],
+                                      _translate("Undo last action"),
+                                      wx.ITEM_NORMAL)
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.undo, id=wx.ID_UNDO)
+        self._redoLabel = menu.Append(wx.ID_REDO,
+                                      _translate("Redo\t%s") % keys['redo'],
+                                      _translate("Redo last action"),
+                                      wx.ITEM_NORMAL)
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.redo, id=wx.ID_REDO)
+        menu.Append(wx.ID_PASTE, _translate("&Paste\t%s") % keys['paste'])
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.paste, id=wx.ID_PASTE)
+
+        item = menu.Append(
+            wx.ID_ANY,
+            _translate("&Find in experiment...\t%s") % keys['builderFind'],
+            _translate("Search the whole experiment for a specific term")
+        )
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.onFindInExperiment, item)
+
+        # ---_view---#000000#FFFFFF-------------------------------------------
+        self.viewMenu = wx.Menu()
+        menuBar.Append(self.viewMenu, _translate('&View'))
+        menu = self.viewMenu
+
+        # item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+        #                    _translate("Open Coder view"),
+        #                    _translate("Open a new Coder view"))
+        # self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.app.showCoder, item)
+        #
+        # item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+        #                    _translate("Open Runner view"),
+        #                    _translate("Open the Runner view"))
+        # self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.app.showRunner, item)
+        # menu.AppendSeparator()
+
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("&Toggle readme\t%s") % self.app.keys[
+                               'toggleReadme'],
+                           _translate("Toggle Readme"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.toggleReadme, item)
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("&Flow Larger\t%s") % self.app.keys[
+                               'largerFlow'],
+                           _translate("Larger flow items"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.flowPanel.canvas.increaseSize, item)
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("&Flow Smaller\t%s") % self.app.keys[
+                               'smallerFlow'],
+                           _translate("Smaller flow items"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.flowPanel.canvas.decreaseSize, item)
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("&Routine Larger\t%s") % keys[
+                               'largerRoutine'],
+                           _translate("Larger routine items"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.routinePanel.increaseSize, item)
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("&Routine Smaller\t%s") % keys[
+                               'smallerRoutine'],
+                           _translate("Smaller routine items"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.routinePanel.decreaseSize, item)
+        menu.AppendSeparator()
+
+        # Frame switcher
+        FrameSwitcher.makeViewSwitcherButtons(menu, frame=self, app=self.app)
+
+        # Theme switcher
+        self.themesMenu = ThemeSwitcher(app=self.app)
+        menu.AppendSubMenu(self.themesMenu, _translate("&Themes"))
+
+        # ---_tools ---#000000#FFFFFF-----------------------------------------
+        self.toolsMenu = wx.Menu()
+        menuBar.Append(self.toolsMenu, _translate('&Tools'))
+        menu = self.toolsMenu
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("Monitor Center"),
+                           _translate("To set information about your monitor"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.app.openMonitorCenter, item)
+
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("Device Manager"),
+                           _translate("Setup named devices for your Components to refer to"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.openDeviceManager, item)
+
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("Compile\t%s") % keys['compileScript'],
+                           _translate("Compile the exp to a script"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.compileScript, item)
+        self.bldrRun = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("Run/pilot\t%s") % keys['runScript'],
+                           _translate("Run the current script"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.onRunShortcut, self.bldrRun, id=self.bldrRun)
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("Send to runner\t%s") % keys['runnerScript'],
+                           _translate("Send current script to runner"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.runFile, item)
+        menu.AppendSeparator()
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("PsychoPy updates..."),
+                           _translate("Update PsychoPy to the latest, or a "
+                                      "specific, version"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.app.openUpdater, item)
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("Plugin/packages manager..."),
+                           _translate("Manage Python packages and optional plugins for PsychoPy"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.openPluginManager, item)
+        if hasattr(self.app, 'benchmarkWizard'):
+            item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                               _translate("Benchmark wizard"),
+                               _translate("Check software & hardware, generate "
+                                          "report"))
+            self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.app.benchmarkWizard, item)
+
+        # ---_experiment---#000000#FFFFFF-------------------------------------
+        self.expMenu = wx.Menu()
+        menuBar.Append(self.expMenu, _translate('E&xperiment'))
+        menu = self.expMenu
+
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("Experiment &Settings\t%s") % keys['expSettings'],
+                           _translate("Edit experiment settings"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.setExperimentSettings, item)
+        menu.AppendSeparator()
+        
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("&New Routine\t%s") % keys['newRoutine'],
+                           _translate("Create a new routine (e.g. the trial "
+                                      "definition)"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.addRoutine, item)
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("&Copy Routine\t%s") % keys[
+                               'copyRoutine'],
+                           _translate("Copy the current routine so it can be "
+                                      "used in another exp"),
+                           wx.ITEM_NORMAL)
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.onCopyRoutine, item)
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("&Paste Routine\t%s") % keys[
+                               'pasteRoutine'],
+                           _translate("Paste the Routine into the current "
+                                      "experiment"),
+                           wx.ITEM_NORMAL)
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.onPasteRoutine, item)
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("&Rename Routine\t%s") % keys[
+                               'renameRoutine'],
+                           _translate("Change the name of this routine"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.renameRoutine, item)
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("Paste Component\t%s") % keys[
+                               'pasteCompon'],
+                           _translate(
+                               "Paste the Component at bottom of the current "
+                               "Routine"),
+                           wx.ITEM_NORMAL)
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.onPasteCompon, item)
+        menu.AppendSeparator()
+
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("Insert Routine in Flow"),
+                           _translate(
+                               "Select one of your routines to be inserted"
+                               " into the experiment flow"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.flowPanel.canvas.onInsertRoutine, item)
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("Insert Loop in Flow"),
+                           _translate("Create a new loop in your flow window"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.flowPanel.canvas.insertLoop, item)
+        menu.AppendSeparator()
+
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("README..."),
+                           _translate("Add or edit the text shown when your experiment is opened"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.editREADME, item)
+
+        # ---_demos---#000000#FFFFFF------------------------------------------
+        # for demos we need a dict where the event ID will correspond to a
+        # filename
+
+        self.demosMenu = wx.Menu()
+        # unpack demos option
+        menu = self.demosMenu
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("&Unpack Demos..."),
+                           _translate(
+                               "Unpack demos to a writable location (so that"
+                               " they can be run)"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.demosUnpack, item)
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("Browse on Pavlovia"),
+                           _translate("Get more demos from the online demos "
+                                      "repository on Pavlovia")
+                           )
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.openPavloviaDemos, item)
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("Open demos folder"),
+                           _translate("Open the local folder where demos are stored")
+                           )
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.openLocalDemos, item)
+        menu.AppendSeparator()
+        # add any demos that are found in the prefs['demosUnpacked'] folder
+        updateDemosMenu(self, self.demosMenu, self.prefs['unpackedDemosDir'], ext=".psyexp")
+        menuBar.Append(self.demosMenu, _translate('&Demos'))
+
+        # ---_onlineStudies---#000000#FFFFFF-------------------------------------------
+        self.pavloviaMenu = pavlovia_ui.menu.PavloviaMenu(parent=self)
+        menuBar.Append(self.pavloviaMenu, _translate("&Pavlovia.org"))
+
+        # ---_window---#000000#FFFFFF-----------------------------------------
+        self.windowMenu = FrameSwitcher(self)
+        menuBar.Append(self.windowMenu, _translate("&Window"))
+
+        # ---_help---#000000#FFFFFF-------------------------------------------
+        self.helpMenu = wx.Menu()
+        menuBar.Append(self.helpMenu, _translate('&Help'))
+        menu = self.helpMenu
+
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("&PsychoPy Homepage"),
+                           _translate("Go to the PsychoPy homepage"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.app.followLink, item)
+        self.app.urls[item.GetId()] = self.app.urls['psychopyHome']
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("&PsychoPy Builder Help"),
+                           _translate(
+                               "Go to the online documentation for PsychoPy"
+                               " Builder"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.app.followLink, item)
+        self.app.urls[item.GetId()] = self.app.urls['builderHelp']
+
+        menu.AppendSeparator()
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("&System Info..."),
+                           _translate("Get system information."))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.app.showSystemInfo, id=item.GetId())
+
+        menu.AppendSeparator()
+        menu.Append(wx.ID_ABOUT, _translate(
+            "&About..."), _translate("About PsychoPy"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.app.showAbout, id=wx.ID_ABOUT)
+        item = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY,
+                           _translate("&News..."),
+                           _translate("News"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.app.showNews, id=item.GetId())
+
+        self.SetMenuBar(menuBar)
+    
+    def openDeviceManager(self, evt=None):
+        # create a device manager dialog
+        dlg = DeviceManagerDlg(self)
+        # show it modal to this window
+        dlg.ShowModal()
+
+    def commandCloseFrame(self, event):
+        """Defines Builder Frame Closing Event"""
+        self.Close()
+
+    def closeFrame(self, event=None, checkSave=True):
+        """Defines Frame closing behavior, such as checking for file
+           saving"""
+        # close file first (check for save) but no need to update view
+        okToClose = self.fileClose(updateViews=False, checkSave=checkSave)
+
+        if not okToClose:
+            if hasattr(event, 'Veto'):
+                event.Veto()
+            return
+        else:
+            # as of wx3.0 the AUI manager needs to be uninitialised explicitly
+            self._mgr.UnInit()
+            # is it the last frame?
+            lastFrame = len(self.app.getAllFrames()) == 1
+            quitting = self.app.quitting
+            if lastFrame and sys.platform != 'darwin' and not quitting:
+                self.app.quit(event)
+            else:
+                self.app.forgetFrame(self)
+                self.Destroy()  # required
+
+            # Show Runner if hidden
+            if self.app.runner is not None:
+                self.app.showRunner()
+        self.app.updateWindowMenu()
+
+    def quit(self, event=None):
+        """quit the app
+        """
+        self.app.quit(event)
+
+    def onResize(self, event):
+        """Called when the frame is resized."""
+        self.componentButtons.Refresh()
+        self.flowPanel.canvas.Refresh()
+        event.Skip()
+
+    def onShow(self, event):
+        """Called when the frame is shown"""
+        event.Skip()
+        # if README was updated when frame wasn't shown, it won't be show either - so update again
+        self.updateReadme()
+
+    @property
+    def filename(self):
+        """Name of the currently open file"""
+        return self._filename
+
+    @filename.setter
+    def filename(self, value):
+        if value is None:
+            # mark nonexistant
+            self.fileExists = False
+            # keep placeholder name for labels and etc.
+            self._filename = Path("untitled.psyexp")
+        else:
+            # path-ise and set
+            self._filename = Path(value)
+            # mark existant
+            self.fileExists = Path(value).is_file()
+        # enable/disable reveal button
+        if hasattr(self, "menuIDs"):
+            self.fileMenu.Enable(self.menuIDs.ID_REVEAL, self.fileExists)
+        # skip if there's no ribbon
+        if not hasattr(self, "ribbon"):
+            return
+        # enable/disable compile buttons
+        for key in ('compile_py', 'compile_js'):
+            if key in self.ribbon.buttons:
+                self.ribbon.buttons[key].Enable(
+                    self._filename.is_file()
+                )
+
+    def fileNew(self, event=None, closeCurrent=True):
+        """Create a default experiment (maybe an empty one instead)
+        """
+        # Note: this is NOT the method called by the File>New menu item.
+        # That calls app.newBuilderFrame() instead
+        if closeCurrent:  # if no exp exists then don't try to close it
+            if not self.fileClose(updateViews=False):
+                # close the existing (and prompt for save if necess)
+                return False
+        self.filename = None
+        self.exp = experiment.Experiment(prefs=self.app.prefs)
+        defaultName = 'trial'
+        # create the trial routine as an example
+        self.exp.addRoutine(defaultName)
+        self.exp.flow.addRoutine(
+            self.exp.routines[defaultName], pos=1)  # add it to flow
+        # add it to user's namespace
+        self.exp.namespace.add(defaultName, self.exp.namespace.user)
+        routine = self.exp.routines[defaultName]
+        ## add an ISI component by default
+        # components = self.componentButtons.components
+        # Static = components['StaticComponent']
+        # ISI = Static(self.exp, parentName=defaultName, name='ISI',
+        #             startType='time (s)', startVal=0.0,
+        #             stopType='duration (s)', stopVal=0.5)
+        # routine.addComponent(ISI)
+        # set run mode silently and update icons
+        self.ribbon.buttons['pyswitch'].setMode(self.exp.runMode, silent=True)
+        self.updateRunModeIcons()
+        # update undo stack
+        self.resetUndoStack()
+        self.setIsModified(False)
+        self.updateAllViews()
+        self.app.updateWindowMenu()
+
+    def fileOpen(self, event=None, filename=None, closeCurrent=True):
+        """Open a FileDialog, then load the file if possible.
+        """
+        if filename is None:
+            # Set wildcard
+            if sys.platform != 'darwin':
+                wildcard = _translate("PsychoPy experiments (*.psyexp)|*.psyexp|Any file (*.*)|*.*")
+            else:
+                wildcard = _translate("PsychoPy experiments (*.psyexp)|*.psyexp|Any file (*.*)|*")
+            # get path of current file (or home dir to avoid temp)
+            initPath = str(self.filename.parent)
+            if self.fileExists:
+                dlg = wx.FileDialog(self, message=_translate("Open file ..."),
+                                    defaultDir=initPath,
+                                    style=wx.FD_OPEN,
+                                    wildcard=wildcard)
+            else:
+                dlg = wx.FileDialog(self, message=_translate("Open file ..."),
+                                    style=wx.FD_OPEN,
+                                    wildcard=wildcard)
+            if dlg.ShowModal() != wx.ID_OK:
+                return 0
+            filename = dlg.GetPath()
+
+        filename = str(filename)
+        # did user try to open a script in Builder?
+        if filename.endswith('.py'):
+            self.app.showCoder()  # ensures that a coder window exists
+            self.app.coder.setCurrentDoc(filename)
+            self.app.coder.setFileModified(False)
+            return
+
+        with WindowFrozen(ctrl=self):
+            # try to pause rendering until all panels updated
+            if closeCurrent:
+                if not self.fileClose(updateViews=False):
+                    # close the existing (and prompt for save if necess)
+                    return False
+            self.exp = experiment.Experiment(prefs=self.app.prefs)
+            try:
+                self.exp.loadFromXML(filename)
+                # set run mode silently and update buttons accordingly
+                self.ribbon.buttons['pyswitch'].setMode(self.exp.runMode, silent=True)
+                self.updateRunModeIcons()
+            except Exception:
+                print(u"Failed to load {}. Please send the following to"
+                      u" the PsychoPy user list".format(filename))
+                traceback.print_exc()
+                logging.flush()
+            self.resetUndoStack()
+            self.setIsModified(False)
+            self.filename = filename
+            # routinePanel.addRoutinePage() is done in
+            # routinePanel.redrawRoutines(), called by self.updateAllViews()
+            # update the views
+            self.updateAllViews()  # if frozen effect will be visible on thaw
+
+        # Show README
+        if self.prefs['alwaysShowReadme']:
+            # If prefs are to always show README, show if populated
+            self.updateReadme()
+        else:
+            # Otherwise update so we have the object, but don't show until asked
+            self.updateReadme(show=False)
+
+        self.fileHistory.AddFileToHistory(filename)
+        self.htmlPath = None  # so we won't accidentally save to other html exp
+
+        if self.app.runner:
+            self.app.runner.addTask(fileName=self.filename)  # Add to Runner
+
+        self.project = pavlovia.getProject(filename)
+        self.app.updateWindowMenu()
+
+    def fileReveal(self, evt=None):
+        """
+        Reveal the current file in the system file explorer.
+        """
+        # get current dir
+        if self.fileExists:
+            folder = Path(self.filename).parent
+        else:
+            folder = Path().home()
+        # choose a command according to OS
+        if sys.platform in ['win32']:
+            comm = "explorer"
+        elif sys.platform in ['darwin']:
+            comm = "open"
+        elif sys.platform in ['linux', 'linux2']:
+            comm = "dolphin"
+        # use command to open folder
+        subprocess.call(f"{comm} {folder}", shell=True)
+
+    def fileSave(self, event=None, filename=None):
+        """Save file, revert to SaveAs if the file hasn't yet been saved
+        """
+        if filename is None:
+            filename = self.filename
+        else:
+            filename = Path(filename)
+
+        if not self.fileExists:
+            if not self.fileSaveAs(filename):
+                return False  # the user cancelled during saveAs
+        else:
+            filename = self.exp.saveToXML(filename)
+            self.fileHistory.AddFileToHistory(filename)
+        self.setIsModified(False)
+        # if export on save then we should have an html file to update
+        if self._getExportPref('on save') and os.path.split(filename)[0]:
+            self.filename = filename
+            self.fileExport(htmlPath=self.htmlPath)
+        return True
+
+    def fileSaveAs(self, event=None, filename=None):
+        """Defines Save File as Behavior
+        """
+        shortFilename = self.getShortFilename()
+        expName = self.exp.getExpName()
+        if (not expName) or (shortFilename == expName):
+            usingDefaultName = True
+        else:
+            usingDefaultName = False
+        # force filename to Path
+        if filename is None:
+            filename = self.filename
+        else:
+            filename = Path(filename)
+        # get parent and filename
+        initPath = filename.parent
+        filename = filename.name
+        # substitute temp dir for home
+        if not self.fileExists:
+            initPath = Path.home()
+
+        if sys.platform != 'darwin':
+            wildcard = _translate("PsychoPy experiments (*.psyexp)|*.psyexp|Any file (*.*)|*.*")
+        else:
+            wildcard = _translate("PsychoPy experiments (*.psyexp)|*.psyexp|Any file (*.*)|*")
+        returnVal = False
+        dlg = wx.FileDialog(
+            self, message=_translate("Save file as ..."), defaultDir=str(initPath),
+            defaultFile=filename, style=wx.FD_SAVE | wx.FD_OVERWRITE_PROMPT,
+            wildcard=wildcard)
+
+        if dlg.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK:
+            newPath = dlg.GetPath()
+            # update exp name
+            # if user has not manually renamed experiment
+            if usingDefaultName:
+                newShortName = os.path.splitext(
+                    os.path.split(newPath)[1])[0]
+                self.exp.setExpName(newShortName)
+            # actually save
+            self.filename = newPath
+            self.fileExists = True
+            self.fileSave(event=None, filename=newPath)
+            # enable/disable reveal button
+            if hasattr(self, "menuIDs"):
+                self.fileMenu.Enable(self.menuIDs.ID_REVEAL, True)
+            # update pavlovia project
+            self.project = pavlovia.getProject(filename)
+            returnVal = 1
+        dlg.Destroy()
+
+        self.updateWindowTitle()
+        # update README in case the file path has changed
+        if self.prefs['alwaysShowReadme']:
+            # if prefs are to always show README, show if populated
+            self.updateReadme()
+        else:
+            # otherwise update so we have the object, but don't show until asked
+            self.updateReadme(show=False)
+        return returnVal
+
+    def fileExport(self, event=None, htmlPath=None):
+        """Exports the script as an HTML file (PsychoJS library)
+        """
+        # get path if not given one
+        if htmlPath is None:
+            htmlPath = self._getHtmlPath(self.filename)
+        if not htmlPath:
+            return
+
+        exportPath = os.path.join(htmlPath, self.exp.name + '.js')
+        exportPath = self.generateScript(
+            outfile=exportPath,
+            exp=self.exp,
+            target="PsychoJS"
+        )
+        # Open exported files
+        self.app.showCoder(fileList=[exportPath])
+        self.app.coder.fileReload(event=None, filename=exportPath)
+
+    def editREADME(self, event):
+        if self.filename is None:
+            dlg = wx.MessageDialog(
+                self,
+                _translate("Please save experiment before editing the README file"),
+                _translate("No readme file"),
+                wx.OK | wx.ICON_WARNING | wx.CENTRE)
+            dlg.ShowModal()
+        else:
+            self.updateReadme(show=True)
+
+    def getShortFilename(self, withExt=False):
+        """
+        Returns the filename without path
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        withExt : bool
+            Should the returned filename include the file extension? False by default.
+        """
+        # get file stem
+        shortName = self.filename.stem
+        ext = self.filename.suffix
+        # append extension if requested
+        if withExt:
+            shortName += ext
+
+        return shortName
+
+    # def pluginManager(self, evt=None, value=True):
+    #     """Show the plugin manager frame."""
+    #     PluginManagerFrame(self).ShowModal()
+
+    def onFindInExperiment(self, evt=None):
+        dlg = BuilderFindDlg(frame=self, exp=self.exp)
+        dlg.Show()
+
+    def updateReadme(self, show=None):
+        """Check whether there is a readme file in this folder and try to show
+
+        Parameters
+        ==========
+        show : bool or None
+            If True, always show Readme frame.
+            If False, never show Readme frame.
+            If None, show only when there is content.
+        """
+        # Make sure we have a file
+        dirname = self.filename.parent
+        possibles = list(dirname.glob('readme*'))
+        if len(possibles) == 0:
+            possibles = list(dirname.glob('Readme*'))
+            possibles.extend(dirname.glob('README*'))
+
+        # still haven't found a file so use default name
+        if len(possibles) == 0:
+            self.readmeFilename = str(dirname / 'readme.md')  # use this as our default
+        else:
+            self.readmeFilename = str(possibles[0])  # take the first one found
+
+        # Make sure we have a frame
+        if self.readmeFrame is None:
+            self.readmeFrame = ReadmeFrame(
+                parent=self, filename=self.readmeFilename
+            )
+
+        # Set file
+        if self.fileExists:
+            self.readmeFrame.setFile(self.readmeFilename)
+        else:
+            self.readmeFrame.setFile(None)
+            show = False
+        self.readmeFrame.ctrl.load()
+
+        # Show/hide frame as appropriate
+        if show is None:
+            show = len(self.readmeFrame.ctrl.getValue()) > 0
+        show = show and self.IsShown()
+        self.readmeFrame.show(show)
+
+    def showReadme(self, evt=None, value=True):
+        """Shows Readme file
+        """
+        if not self.readmeFrame.IsShown():
+            self.readmeFrame.show(value)
+
+    def toggleReadme(self, evt=None):
+        """Toggles visibility of Readme file
+        """
+        if self.readmeFrame is None:
+            self.showReadme()
+        else:
+            self.readmeFrame.toggleVisible()
+
+    def OnFileHistory(self, evt=None):
+        """get the file based on the menu ID
+        """
+        fileNum = evt.GetId() - wx.ID_FILE1
+        path = self.fileHistory.GetHistoryFile(fileNum)
+        self.fileOpen(filename=path)
+        # add it back to the history so it will be moved up the list
+        self.fileHistory.AddFileToHistory(path)
+
+    def checkSave(self):
+        """Check whether we need to save before quitting
+        """
+        if hasattr(self, 'isModified') and self.isModified and not self.app.testMode:
+            self.Show(True)
+            self.Raise()
+            self.app.SetTopWindow(self)
+            msg = _translate('Experiment %s has changed. Save before '
+                             'quitting?') % self.filename
+            dlg = dialogs.MessageDialog(self, msg, type='Warning')
+            resp = dlg.ShowModal()
+            if resp == wx.ID_CANCEL:
+                return False  # return, don't quit
+            elif resp == wx.ID_YES:
+                if not self.fileSave():
+                    return False  # user might cancel during save
+            elif resp == wx.ID_NO:
+                pass  # don't save just quit
+        return True
+
+    def fileClose(self, event=None, checkSave=True, updateViews=True):
+        """This is typically only called when the user x
+        """
+        if checkSave:
+            ok = self.checkSave()
+            if not ok:
+                return False  # user cancelled
+        frameData = self.appData['defaultFrame']
+        if self.fileExists:
+            self.appData['prevFiles'].append(self.filename)
+
+            # get size and window layout info
+        if self.IsIconized():
+            self.Iconize(False)  # will return to normal mode to get size info
+            frameData['state'] = 'normal'
+        elif self.IsMaximized():
+            # will briefly return to normal mode to get size info
+            self.Maximize(False)
+            frameData['state'] = 'maxim'
+        else:
+            frameData['state'] = 'normal'
+        frameData['auiPerspective'] = self._mgr.SavePerspective()
+        frameData['winW'], frameData['winH'] = self.GetSize()
+        frameData['winX'], frameData['winY'] = self.GetPosition()
+
+        # truncate history to the recent-most last N unique files, where
+        # N = self.fileHistoryMaxFiles, as defined in makeMenus()
+        for ii in range(self.fileHistory.GetCount()):
+            self.appData['fileHistory'].append(
+                self.fileHistory.GetHistoryFile(ii))
+        # fileClose gets calls multiple times, so remove redundancy
+        # while preserving order; end of the list is recent-most:
+        tmp = []
+        fhMax = self.fileHistoryMaxFiles
+        for f in self.appData['fileHistory'][-3 * fhMax:]:
+            if f not in tmp:
+                tmp.append(f)
+        self.appData['fileHistory'] = copy.copy(tmp[-fhMax:])
+
+        # assign the data to this filename
+        if (
+            str(self.filename) not in self.appData['frames']
+            and str(self.filename) not in self.appData
+        ):
+            self.appData['frames'][str(self.filename)] = frameData
+        # save the display data only for those frames in the history:
+        tmp2 = {}
+        for f in self.appData['frames']:
+            if f in self.appData['fileHistory']:
+                tmp2[f] = self.appData['frames'][f]
+        self.appData['frames'] = copy.copy(tmp2)
+
+        # close self
+        self.routinePanel.removePages()
+        self.filename = None
+        # add the current exp as the start point for undo:
+        self.resetUndoStack()
+        if updateViews:
+            self.updateAllViews()
+        return 1
+
+    def updateAllViews(self):
+        """Updates Flow Panel, Routine Panel, and Window Title simultaneously
+        """
+        self.flowPanel.canvas.draw()
+        self.routinePanel.redrawRoutines()
+        self.componentButtons.Refresh()
+        self.updateWindowTitle()
+
+    def layoutPanes(self):
+        # Get panes
+        flowPane = self._mgr.GetPane('Flow')
+        compPane = self._mgr.GetPane('Components')
+        rtPane = self._mgr.GetPane('Routines')
+        # Arrange panes according to prefs
+        if 'FlowBottom' in self.prefs['builderLayout']:
+            flowPane.Bottom()
+        elif 'FlowTop' in self.prefs['builderLayout']:
+            flowPane.Top()
+        if 'CompRight' in self.prefs['builderLayout']:
+            compPane.Right()
+        if 'CompLeft' in self.prefs['builderLayout']:
+            compPane.Left()
+        rtPane.Center()
+        # Commit
+        self._mgr.Update()
+
+    def resetPrefs(self, event):
+        """Reset preferences to default"""
+        # Present "are you sure" dialog
+        dlg = wx.MessageDialog(
+            self, _translate(
+                "Are you sure you want to reset your preferences? This cannot "
+                "be undone."),
+            caption="Reset Preferences...",
+            style=wx.ICON_WARNING | wx.CANCEL)
+        dlg.SetOKCancelLabels(
+            _translate("I'm sure"),
+            _translate("Wait, go back!")
+        )
+        if dlg.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK:
+            # If okay is pressed, remove prefs file (meaning a new one will be
+            # created on next restart)
+            os.remove(prefs.paths['userPrefsFile'])
+            # Show confirmation
+            dlg = wx.MessageDialog(
+                self, _translate(
+                    "Done! Your preferences have been reset. Changes will be "
+                    "applied when you next open PsychoPy."))
+            dlg.ShowModal()
+        else:
+            pass
+
+    def updateWindowTitle(self, newTitle=None):
+        """Defines behavior to update window Title
+        """
+        if newTitle is None:
+            newTitle = self.getShortFilename(withExt=True)
+        self.setTitle(title=self.winTitle, document=newTitle)
+
+    def setIsModified(self, newVal=None):
+        """Sets current modified status and updates save icon accordingly.
+
+        This method is called by the methods fileSave, undo, redo,
+        addToUndoStack and it is usually preferably to call those
+        than to call this directly.
+
+        Call with ``newVal=None``, to only update the save icon(s)
+        """
+        if newVal is None:
+            newVal = self.getIsModified()
+        else:
+            self.isModified = newVal
+        # get ribbon buttons
+        if 'save' in self.ribbon.buttons:
+            self.ribbon.buttons['save'].Enable(newVal)
+        self.fileMenu.Enable(wx.ID_SAVE, newVal)
+
+    def getIsModified(self):
+        """Checks if changes were made"""
+        return self.isModified
+
+    def resetUndoStack(self):
+        """Reset the undo stack. do *immediately after* creating a new exp.
+
+        Implicitly calls addToUndoStack() using the current exp as the state
+        """
+        self.currentUndoLevel = 1  # 1 is current, 2 is back one setp...
+        self.currentUndoStack = []
+        self.addToUndoStack()
+        self.updateUndoRedo()
+        self.setIsModified(newVal=False)  # update save icon if needed
+
+    def addToUndoStack(self, action="", state=None):
+        """Add the given ``action`` to the currentUndoStack, associated
+        with the @state@. ``state`` should be a copy of the exp
+        from *immediately after* the action was taken.
+        If no ``state`` is given the current state of the experiment is used.
+
+        If we are at end of stack already then simply append the action.  If
+        not (user has done an undo) then remove orphan actions and append.
+        """
+        if state is None:
+            state = copy.deepcopy(self.exp)
+        # remove actions from after the current level
+        if self.currentUndoLevel > 1:
+            self.currentUndoStack = self.currentUndoStack[
+                                    :-(self.currentUndoLevel - 1)]
+            self.currentUndoLevel = 1
+        # append this action
+        self.currentUndoStack.append({'action': action, 'state': state})
+        self.setIsModified(newVal=True)  # update save icon if needed
+        self.updateUndoRedo()
+
+    def undo(self, event=None):
+        """Step the exp back one level in the @currentUndoStack@ if possible,
+        and update the windows.
+
+        Returns the final undo level (1=current, >1 for further in past)
+        or -1 if redo failed (probably can't undo)
+        """
+        if self.currentUndoLevel >= len(self.currentUndoStack):
+            return -1  # can't undo
+        self.currentUndoLevel += 1
+        state = self.currentUndoStack[-self.currentUndoLevel]['state']
+        self.exp = copy.deepcopy(state)
+        self.updateAllViews()
+        self.setIsModified(newVal=True)  # update save icon if needed
+        self.updateUndoRedo()
+
+        return self.currentUndoLevel
+
+    def redo(self, event=None):
+        """Step the exp up one level in the @currentUndoStack@ if possible,
+        and update the windows.
+
+        Returns the final undo level (0=current, >0 for further in past)
+        or -1 if redo failed (probably can't redo)
+        """
+        if self.currentUndoLevel <= 1:
+            return -1  # can't redo, we're already at latest state
+        self.currentUndoLevel -= 1
+        self.exp = copy.deepcopy(
+            self.currentUndoStack[-self.currentUndoLevel]['state'])
+        self.updateUndoRedo()
+        self.updateAllViews()
+        self.setIsModified(newVal=True)  # update save icon if needed
+        return self.currentUndoLevel
+
+    def paste(self, event=None):
+        """This receives paste commands for all child dialog boxes as well
+        """
+        foc = self.FindFocus()
+        if hasattr(foc, 'Paste'):
+            foc.Paste()
+
+    def updateUndoRedo(self):
+        """Defines Undo and Redo commands for the window
+        """
+        undoLevel = self.currentUndoLevel
+        # check undo
+        if undoLevel >= len(self.currentUndoStack):
+            # can't undo if we're at top of undo stack
+            label = _translate("Undo\t%s") % self.app.keys['undo']
+            enable = False
+        else:
+            action = self.currentUndoStack[-undoLevel]['action']
+            txt = _translate("Undo %(action)s\t%(key)s")
+            fmt = {'action': action, 'key': self.app.keys['undo']}
+            label = txt % fmt
+            enable = True
+        self._undoLabel.SetItemLabel(label)
+        if 'undo' in self.ribbon.buttons:
+            self.ribbon.buttons['undo'].Enable(enable)
+        self.editMenu.Enable(wx.ID_UNDO, enable)
+
+        # check redo
+        if undoLevel == 1:
+            label = _translate("Redo\t%s") % self.app.keys['redo']
+            enable = False
+        else:
+            action = self.currentUndoStack[-undoLevel + 1]['action']
+            txt = _translate("Redo %(action)s\t%(key)s")
+            fmt = {'action': action, 'key': self.app.keys['redo']}
+            label = txt % fmt
+            enable = True
+        self._redoLabel.SetItemLabel(label)
+        if 'redo' in self.ribbon.buttons:
+            self.ribbon.buttons['redo'].Enable(enable)
+        self.editMenu.Enable(wx.ID_REDO, enable)
+
+    def demosUnpack(self, event=None):
+        """Get a folder location from the user and unpack demos into it."""
+        # choose a dir to unpack in
+        dlg = wx.DirDialog(parent=self, message=_translate(
+            "Location to unpack demos"))
+        if dlg.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK:
+            unpackFolder = dlg.GetPath()
+        else:
+            return -1  # user cancelled
+        # ensure it's an empty dir:
+        if os.listdir(unpackFolder) != []:
+            unpackFolder = os.path.join(unpackFolder, 'PsychoPy3 Demos')
+            if not os.path.isdir(unpackFolder):
+                os.mkdir(unpackFolder)
+        mergeFolder(os.path.join(self.paths['demos'], 'builder'),
+                    unpackFolder)
+        self.prefs['unpackedDemosDir'] = unpackFolder
+        self.app.prefs.saveUserPrefs()
+        updateDemosMenu(self, self.demosMenu, self.prefs['unpackedDemosDir'],
+                        ext=".psyexp")
+
+    def demoLoad(self, event=None):
+        """Defines Demo Loading Event."""
+        fileDir = self.demos[event.GetId()]
+        files = glob.glob(os.path.join(fileDir, '*.psyexp'))
+        if len(files) == 0:
+            print("Found no psyexp files in %s" % fileDir)
+        else:
+            self.fileOpen(event=None, filename=files[0], closeCurrent=True)
+
+    def openLocalDemos(self, event=None):
+        # Choose a command according to OS
+        if sys.platform in ['win32']:
+            comm = "explorer"
+        elif sys.platform in ['darwin']:
+            comm = "open"
+        elif sys.platform in ['linux', 'linux2']:
+            comm = "dolphin"
+        # Use command to open themes folder
+        subprocess.call(f"{comm} {prefs.builder['unpackedDemosDir']}", shell=True)
+
+    def openPavloviaDemos(self, event=None):
+        webbrowser.open("https://pavlovia.org/explore")
+
+    def sendToRunner(self, evt=None):
+        """
+        Send the current file to the Runner.
+        """
+        # Check whether file is truly untitled (not just saved as untitled)
+        if not self.fileExists:
+            ok = self.fileSave(self.filename)
+            if not ok:
+                return False  # save file before compiling script
+
+        if self.getIsModified():
+            ok = self.fileSave(self.filename)
+            if not ok:
+                return False  # save file before compiling script
+        self.app.showRunner()
+        self.app.runner.addTask(fileName=self.filename)
+        self.app.runner.Raise()
+        self.app.showRunner()
+
+        return True
+
+    def updateRunModeIcons(self, evt=None):
+        """
+        Function to update run/pilot icons according to run mode
+        """
+        mode = self.ribbon.buttons['pyswitch'].mode
+        # show/hide run buttons
+        for key in ("pyrun", "jsrun", "sendRunner"):
+            self.ribbon.buttons[key].Show(mode)
+        # hide/show pilot buttons
+        for key in ("pypilot", "jspilot", "pilotRunner"):
+            self.ribbon.buttons[key].Show(not mode)
+        # update
+        self.ribbon.Layout()
+
+    def onRunModeToggle(self, evt):
+        """
+        Function to execute when switching between pilot and run modes
+        """
+        mode = evt.GetInt()
+        # update icons
+        self.updateRunModeIcons()
+        # update experiment mode
+        if self.exp is not None and self.exp.runMode != mode:
+            self.exp.runMode = mode
+            # mark as modified
+            self.setIsModified(True)
+        # update
+        self.ribbon.Update()
+        self.ribbon.Refresh()
+        self.ribbon.Layout()
+
+    def onRunShortcut(self, evt=None):
+        """
+        Callback for when the run shortcut is pressed - will either run or pilot depending on run mode
+        """
+        # do nothing if we have no experiment
+        if self.exp is None:
+            return
+        # run/pilot according to mode
+        if self.exp.runMode:
+            self.runFile(evt)
+        else:
+            self.pilotFile(evt)
+
+    def runFile(self, event=None):
+        """
+        Send the current file to the Runner and run it.
+        """
+        if self.sendToRunner(event):
+            self.app.runner.panel.runLocal(event)
+
+    def pilotFile(self, event=None):
+        """
+        Send the current file to the Runner and run it in pilot mode.
+        """
+        if self.sendToRunner(event):
+            self.app.runner.panel.pilotLocal(event)
+
+    def onCopyRoutine(self, event=None):
+        """copy the current routine from self.routinePanel
+        to self.app.copiedRoutine.
+        """
+        r = self.routinePanel.getCurrentRoutine().copy()
+        if r is not None:
+            self.app.copiedRoutine = r
+
+    def onPasteRoutine(self, event=None):
+        """Paste the current routine from self.app.copiedRoutine to a new page
+        in self.routinePanel after prompting for a new name.
+        """
+        if self.app.copiedRoutine is None:
+            return -1
+        origName = self.app.copiedRoutine.name
+        defaultName = self.exp.namespace.makeValid(origName)
+        msg = _translate('New name for copy of "%(copied)s"?  [%(default)s]')
+        vals = {'copied': origName, 'default': defaultName}
+        message = msg % vals
+        dlg = wx.TextEntryDialog(self, message=message,
+                                 caption=_translate('Paste Routine'))
+        if dlg.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK:
+            routineName = dlg.GetValue()
+            if not routineName:
+                routineName = defaultName
+            newRoutine = self.app.copiedRoutine.copy()
+            self.pasteRoutine(newRoutine, routineName)
+        dlg.Destroy()
+
+    def pasteRoutine(self, newRoutine, routineName):
+        """
+        Paste a copied Routine into the current Experiment. Returns a copy of that Routine
+        """
+        newRoutine.name = self.exp.namespace.makeValid(routineName, prefix="routine")
+        newRoutine.exp = self.exp
+        # add to the experiment
+        self.exp.addRoutine(newRoutine.name, newRoutine)
+        for newComp in newRoutine:  # routine == list of components
+            newName = self.exp.namespace.makeValid(newComp.params['name'])
+            self.exp.namespace.add(newName)
+            newComp.params['name'].val = newName
+            newComp.exp = self.exp
+        # could do redrawRoutines but would be slower?
+        self.routinePanel.addRoutinePage(newRoutine.name, newRoutine)
+        self.routinePanel.setCurrentRoutine(newRoutine)
+        return newRoutine
+
+    def onPasteCompon(self, event=None):
+        """
+        Paste the copied Component (if there is one) into the current
+        Routine
+        """
+        routinePage = self.routinePanel.getCurrentPage()
+        routinePage.pasteCompon()
+
+    def onURL(self, evt):
+        """decompose the URL of a file and line number"""
+        # "C:\Program Files\wxPython...\samples\hangman\hangman.py"
+        filename = evt.GetString().split('"')[1]
+        lineNumber = int(evt.GetString().split(',')[1][5:])
+        self.app.showCoder()
+        self.app.coder.gotoLine(filename, lineNumber)
+
+    def setExperimentSettings(self, event=None, timeout=None):
+        """Defines ability to save experiment settings
+        """
+        component = self.exp.settings
+        # does this component have a help page?
+        if hasattr(component, 'url'):
+            helpUrl = component.url
+        else:
+            helpUrl = None
+        title = '%s Properties' % self.exp.getExpName()
+        dlg = DlgExperimentProperties(
+            frame=self, element=component, experiment=self.exp, timeout=timeout)
+
+        if dlg.OK:
+            # add to undo stack
+            self.addToUndoStack("EDIT experiment settings")
+            # update run mode
+            self.ribbon.buttons['pyswitch'].setMode(self.exp.runMode)
+            # mark modified
+            self.setIsModified(True)
+
+    def addRoutine(self, event=None):
+        """Defines ability to add routine in the routine panel
+        """
+        self.routinePanel.createNewRoutine()
+
+    def renameRoutine(self, name, event=None):
+        """Defines ability to rename routine in the routine panel
+        """
+        # get notebook details
+        routine = self.routinePanel.GetPage(
+            self.routinePanel.GetSelection()).routine
+        oldName = routine.name
+        msg = _translate("What is the new name for the Routine?")
+        dlg = wx.TextEntryDialog(self, message=msg, value=oldName,
+                                 caption=_translate('Rename'))
+        if dlg.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK:
+            name = dlg.GetValue()
+            self._doRenameRoutine(oldName=oldName, newName=name)
+            dlg.Destroy()
+
+    def _doRenameRoutine(self, oldName, newName):
+        # silently auto-adjust the name to be valid, and register in the
+        # namespace:
+        name = self.exp.namespace.makeValid(newName, prefix='routine')
+        if oldName in self.exp.routines:
+            # Swap old with new names
+            self.exp.routines[oldName].name = name
+            self.exp.routines[name] = self.exp.routines.pop(oldName)
+            self.exp.namespace.rename(oldName, name)
+            currentRoutine = self.routinePanel.getCurrentPage()
+            currentRoutineIndex = self.routinePanel.GetPageIndex(currentRoutine)
+            self.routinePanel.renameRoutinePage(currentRoutineIndex, name)
+            self.addToUndoStack("`RENAME Routine `%s`" % oldName)
+            self.flowPanel.canvas.draw()
+
+    def compileScript(self, event=None):
+        """Defines compile script button behavior"""
+        # save so we have a file to work off
+        saved = self.fileSave()
+        # if save cancelled, return now
+        if not saved:
+            return
+        # construct filename for py file
+        fullPath = self.filename.parent / (self.exp.name + '.py')
+        # write script
+        fullPath = self.generateScript(
+            outfile=str(fullPath),
+            exp=self.exp
+        )
+        # show it in Coder
+        self.app.showCoder(fileList=[fullPath])  # make sure coder is visible
+        self.app.coder.fileReload(event=None, filename=fullPath)
+
+    @property
+    def stdoutFrame(self):
+        """
+        Gets Experiment Runner stdout.
+        """
+        if not self.app.runner:
+            self.app.runner = self.app.showRunner()
+        return self.app.runner
+
+    def _getHtmlPath(self, filename):
+        expPath = os.path.split(filename)[0]
+        if not os.path.isdir(expPath):
+            retVal = self.fileSave()
+            if retVal:
+                return self._getHtmlPath(self.filename)
+            else:
+                return False
+
+        htmlPath = os.path.join(expPath, self.exp.htmlFolder)
+        return htmlPath
+
+    def _getExportPref(self, pref):
+        """Returns True if pref matches exportHTML preference"""
+        if pref.lower() not in [prefs.lower() for prefs in self.exp.settings.params['exportHTML'].allowedVals]:
+            raise ValueError("'{}' is not an allowed value for {}".format(pref, 'exportHTML'))
+        exportHtml = str(self.exp.settings.params['exportHTML'].val).lower()
+        if exportHtml == pref.lower():
+            return True
+
+    def openPluginManager(self, evt=None):
+        # check if the package index is currently being updated, show a message
+        # to tell the user to wait before opening the plugin manager
+        import psychopy.app.plugin_manager.packageIndex as packageIndex
+        if packageIndex.isIndexing():
+            msg = _translate("The package index is currently being updated. "
+                             "Please try again later.")
+            wx.MessageBox(
+                msg,
+                _translate("Package indexing in progress"),
+                style=wx.OK | wx.ICON_INFORMATION
+            )
+            return
+        
+        dlg = psychopy.app.plugin_manager.dialog.EnvironmentManagerDlg(self)
+        dlg.Show()
+        
+        return dlg
+
+    def onPavloviaCreate(self, evt=None):
+        if Path(self.filename).is_file():
+            # Save file
+            self.fileSave(self.filename)
+            # If allowed by prefs, export html and js files
+            if self._getExportPref('on sync'):
+                htmlPath = self._getHtmlPath(self.filename)
+                if htmlPath:
+                    self.fileExport(htmlPath=htmlPath)
+                else:
+                    return
+        # Get start path and name from builder/coder if possible
+        if self.filename:
+            file = Path(self.filename)
+            name = file.stem
+            path = file.parent
+        else:
+            name = path = ""
+        # Open dlg to create new project
+        createDlg = sync.CreateDlg(self,
+                                   user=pavlovia.getCurrentSession().user,
+                                   name=name,
+                                   path=path)
+        if createDlg.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK and createDlg.project is not None:
+            self.project = createDlg.project
+        else:
+            return
+        # Do first sync
+        self.onPavloviaSync()
+
+    def onPavloviaSync(self, evt=None):
+        if Path(self.filename).is_file():
+            # Save file
+            self.fileSave(self.filename)
+            # If allowed by prefs, export html and js files
+            if self._getExportPref('on sync'):
+                htmlPath = self._getHtmlPath(self.filename)
+                if htmlPath:
+                    self.fileExport(htmlPath=htmlPath)
+                else:
+                    return
+        # Sync
+        pavlovia_ui.syncProject(parent=self, file=self.filename, project=self.project)
+
+    def onPavloviaRun(self, evt=None):
+        # Sync project
+        self.onPavloviaSync()
+
+        if self.project is not None:
+            # Update project status
+            self.project.pavloviaStatus = 'ACTIVATED'
+            # Run
+            url = "https://pavlovia.org/run/{}".format(self.project['path_with_namespace'])
+            wx.LaunchDefaultBrowser(url)
+
+    def onPavloviaDebug(self, evt=None):
+        # Open runner
+        self.app.showRunner()
+        runner = self.app.runner
+        # Make sure we have a current file
+        if self.getIsModified() or not Path(self.filename).is_file():
+            saved = self.fileSave()
+            if not saved:
+                return
+        # Send current file to runner
+        runner.addTask(fileName=self.filename)
+        # Run debug function from runner
+        self.app.runner.panel.runOnlineDebug(evt=evt)
+
+    @property
+    def project(self):
+        """A PavloviaProject object if one is known for this experiment
+        """
+        if hasattr(self, "_project"):
+            return self._project
+        elif self.fileExists:
+            return pavlovia.getProject(self.filename)
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    @project.setter
+    def project(self, project):
+        self._project = project
+
+        self.ribbon.buttons['pavproject'].updateInfo()
+
+
+class RoutinesNotebook(aui.AuiNotebook, handlers.ThemeMixin):
+    """A notebook that stores one or more routines
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, frame, id=-1):
+        self.frame = frame
+        self.app = frame.app
+        self.routineMaxSize = 2
+        self.appData = self.app.prefs.appData
+        aui.AuiNotebook.__init__(self, frame, id,
+            agwStyle=aui.AUI_NB_TAB_MOVE | aui.AUI_NB_CLOSE_ON_ACTIVE_TAB | aui.AUI_NB_WINDOWLIST_BUTTON)
+        self.Bind(aui.EVT_AUINOTEBOOK_PAGE_CLOSE, self.onClosePane)
+        self.Bind(aui.EVT_AUINOTEBOOK_END_DRAG, self.onMoveTab)
+
+        # double buffered better rendering except if retina
+
+        self.SetDoubleBuffered(not self.frame.isRetina)
+
+        # This needs to be done on init, otherwise it gets an outline
+        self.GetAuiManager().SetArtProvider(handlers.PsychopyDockArt())
+
+        if not hasattr(self.frame, 'exp'):
+            return  # we haven't yet added an exp
+
+    def getCurrentRoutine(self):
+        routinePage = self.getCurrentPage()
+        if routinePage:
+            return routinePage.routine  # no routine page
+        return None
+
+    def setCurrentRoutine(self, routine):
+        for ii in range(self.GetPageCount()):
+            if routine is self.GetPage(ii).routine:
+                self.SetSelection(ii)
+        self.frame.flowPanel.canvas.draw()
+
+    def SetSelection(self, index, force=False):
+        aui.AuiNotebook.SetSelection(self, index, force=force)
+        self.frame.componentButtons.enableComponents(
+            not isinstance(self.GetPage(index).routine, BaseStandaloneRoutine)
+        )
+
+    def getCurrentPage(self):
+        if self.GetSelection() >= 0:
+            return self.GetPage(self.GetSelection())
+        return None
+
+    def addRoutinePage(self, routineName, routine):
+        # Make page
+        routinePage = None
+        if isinstance(routine, Routine):
+            routinePage = RoutineCanvas(notebook=self, routine=routine)
+        elif isinstance(routine, BaseStandaloneRoutine):
+            routinePage = StandaloneRoutineCanvas(parent=self, routine=routine)
+        # Add page
+        if routinePage:
+            self.AddPage(routinePage, routineName)
+
+    def renameRoutinePage(self, index, newName, ):
+        self.SetPageText(index, newName)
+
+    def removePages(self):
+        for ii in range(self.GetPageCount()):
+            currId = self.GetSelection()
+            self.DeletePage(currId)
+
+    def createNewRoutine(self, template=None):
+        msg = _translate("What is the name for the new Routine? "
+                         "(e.g. instr, trial, feedback)")
+        dlg = DlgNewRoutine(self)
+        routineName = None
+        if dlg.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK:
+            routineName = dlg.nameCtrl.GetValue()
+            routineName = self.frame.exp.namespace.makeValid(routineName, prefix="routine")
+            template = copy.deepcopy(dlg.selectedTemplate)
+            self.frame.pasteRoutine(template, routineName)
+            self.frame.addToUndoStack("NEW Routine `%s`" % routineName)
+        dlg.Destroy()
+        return routineName
+
+    def onClosePane(self, event=None):
+        """Close the pane and remove the routine from the exp.
+        """
+        currentPage = self.GetPage(event.GetSelection())
+        routine = currentPage.routine
+        name = routine.name
+
+        # name is not valid for some reason
+        if name not in self.frame.exp.routines:
+            event.Skip()
+            return
+
+        # check if the user wants a prompt
+        showDlg = self.app.prefs.builder.get('confirmRoutineClose', False)
+        if showDlg:
+            # message to display
+            msg = _translate(
+                "Do you want to remove routine '{}' from the experiment?")
+
+            # dialog asking if the user wants to remove the routine
+            dlg = wx.MessageDialog(
+                self,
+                _translate(msg).format(name),
+                _translate('Remove routine?'),
+                wx.YES_NO | wx.NO_DEFAULT | wx.CENTRE | wx.STAY_ON_TOP)
+
+            # show the dialog and get the response
+            dlgResult = dlg.ShowModal()
+            dlg.Destroy()
+
+            if dlgResult == wx.ID_NO:  # if NO, stop the tab from closing
+                event.Veto()
+                return
+
+        # remove names of the routine and its components from namespace
+        _nsp = self.frame.exp.namespace
+        for c in self.frame.exp.routines[name]:
+            _nsp.remove(c.params['name'].val)
+        _nsp.remove(self.frame.exp.routines[name].name)
+        del self.frame.exp.routines[name]
+
+        if routine in self.frame.exp.flow:
+            self.frame.exp.flow.removeComponent(routine)
+            self.frame.flowPanel.canvas.draw()
+        self.frame.addToUndoStack("REMOVE Routine `%s`" % (name))
+
+    def onMoveTab(self, evt=None):
+        """
+        After moving tabs around, sorts Routines in the Experiment accordingly
+        and marks experiment as changed.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        evt : wx.aui.AUI_NB_TAB_MOVE
+            Event generated by moving the tab (not used)
+        """
+
+        # Get tab names in order
+        names = []
+        for i in range(self.GetPageCount()):
+            names.append(self.GetPageText(i))
+        # Reorder routines in experiment to match tab order
+        routines = collections.OrderedDict()
+        for name in names:
+            routines[name] = self.frame.exp.routines[name]
+        self.frame.exp.routines = routines
+        # Set modified
+        self.frame.setIsModified(True)
+
+    def increaseSize(self, event=None):
+        self.appData['routineSize'] = min(
+            self.routineMaxSize, self.appData['routineSize'] + 1)
+        with WindowFrozen(self):
+            self.redrawRoutines()
+
+    def decreaseSize(self, event=None):
+        self.appData['routineSize'] = max(0, self.appData['routineSize'] - 1)
+        with WindowFrozen(self):
+            self.redrawRoutines()
+
+    def redrawRoutines(self):
+        """Removes all the routines, adds them back (alphabetical order),
+        sets current back to orig
+        """
+        currPage = self.GetSelection()
+        self.removePages()
+        for routineName in self.frame.exp.routines:
+            if isinstance(self.frame.exp.routines[routineName], (Routine, BaseStandaloneRoutine)):
+                self.addRoutinePage(
+                    routineName, self.frame.exp.routines[routineName])
+        if currPage > -1:
+            self.SetSelection(currPage)
+
+
+class RoutineCanvas(wx.ScrolledWindow, handlers.ThemeMixin):
+    """Represents a single routine (used as page in RoutinesNotebook)"""
+
+    def __init__(self, notebook, id=wx.ID_ANY, routine=None):
+        """This window is based heavily on the PseudoDC demo of wxPython
+        """
+        wx.ScrolledWindow.__init__(
+            self, notebook, id, (0, 0), style=wx.BORDER_NONE | wx.VSCROLL)
+
+        self.frame = notebook.frame
+        self.app = self.frame.app
+        self.dpi = self.app.dpi
+        self.lines = []
+        self.maxWidth = self.GetSize().GetWidth()
+        self.maxHeight = 15 * self.dpi
+        self.x = self.y = 0
+        self.curLine = []
+        self.drawing = False
+        self.drawSize = self.app.prefs.appData['routineSize']
+        # dict in which to store rectangles to aid layout (populated in updateLayoutRects)
+        self.rects = {}
+        # auto-rescale based on number of components and window size is jumpy
+        # when switch between routines of diff drawing sizes
+        self.iconSize = (24, 24, 48)[self.drawSize]  # only 24, 48 so far
+        self.fontBaseSize = (1100, 1200, 1300)[self.drawSize]  # depends on OS?
+        #self.scroller = PsychopyScrollbar(self, wx.VERTICAL)
+        self.SetVirtualSize((self.maxWidth, self.maxHeight))
+        self.SetScrollRate(self.dpi // 16, self.dpi // 16)
+
+        self.routine = routine
+        self.yPositions = None
+        self.yPosTop = (25, 40, 60)[self.drawSize]
+        # the step in Y between each component
+        self.componentStep = (25, 32, 50)[self.drawSize]
+        self.timeXposStart = (150, 150, 200)[self.drawSize]
+        # the left hand edge of the icons:
+        _scale = (1.3, 1.5, 1.5)[self.drawSize]
+        self.iconXpos = self.timeXposStart - self.iconSize * _scale
+        self.timeXposEnd = self.timeXposStart + 400  # onResize() overrides
+
+        # create a PseudoDC to record our drawing
+        self.pdc = PseudoDC()
+        self.pen_cache = {}
+        self.brush_cache = {}
+        # vars for handling mouse clicks
+        self.dragid = -1
+        self.lastpos = (0, 0)
+        # use the ID of the drawn icon to retrieve component name:
+        self.componentFromID = {}
+        # define context menu items and labels
+        self.contextMenuLabels = {
+            'copy': _translate("Copy"),
+            'paste above': _translate("Paste above"),
+            'paste below': _translate("Paste below"),
+            'edit': _translate("Edit"),
+            'remove': _translate("Remove"),
+            'move to top': _translate("Move to top"),
+            'move up': _translate("Move up"),
+            'move down': _translate("Move down"),
+            'move to bottom': _translate("Move to bottom"),
+        }
+        self.contextMenuItems = list(self.contextMenuLabels)
+
+        self.contextItemFromID = {}
+        self.contextIDFromItem = {}
+        for item in self.contextMenuItems:
+            id = wx.NewIdRef()
+            self.contextItemFromID[id] = item
+            self.contextIDFromItem[item] = id
+
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_PAINT, self.OnPaint)
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_ERASE_BACKGROUND, lambda x: None)
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MOUSE_EVENTS, self.OnMouse)
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MOUSEWHEEL, self.OnScroll)
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_SIZE, self.onResize)
+        # crashes if drop on OSX:
+        # self.SetDropTarget(FileDropTarget(builder = self.frame))
+
+    def _applyAppTheme(self, target=None):
+        """Synonymise app theme method with redraw method"""
+        return self.redrawRoutine()
+
+    def onResize(self, event):
+        self.sizePix = event.GetSize()
+        self.timeXposStart = (150, 150, 200)[self.drawSize]
+        self.timeXposEnd = self.sizePix[0] - (60, 80, 100)[self.drawSize]
+        self.redrawRoutine()  # then redraw visible
+
+    def ConvertEventCoords(self, event):
+        xView, yView = self.GetViewStart()
+        xDelta, yDelta = self.GetScrollPixelsPerUnit()
+        return (event.GetX() + (xView * xDelta),
+                event.GetY() + (yView * yDelta))
+
+    def OffsetRect(self, r):
+        """Offset the rectangle, r, to appear in the given pos in the window
+        """
+        xView, yView = self.GetViewStart()
+        xDelta, yDelta = self.GetScrollPixelsPerUnit()
+        r.OffsetXY(-(xView * xDelta), -(yView * yDelta))
+
+    def OnMouse(self, event):
+        if event.LeftDown():
+            x, y = self.ConvertEventCoords(event)
+            icons = self.pdc.FindObjectsByBBox(x, y)
+            if len(icons):
+                self.editComponentProperties(
+                    component=self.componentFromID[icons[0]])
+        elif event.RightDown():
+            x, y = self.ConvertEventCoords(event)
+            icons = self.pdc.FindObjectsByBBox(x, y)
+            menuPos = event.GetPosition()
+            if 'flowTop' in self.app.prefs.builder['builderLayout']:
+                # width of components panel
+                menuPos[0] += self.frame.componentButtons.GetSize()[0]
+                # height of flow panel
+                menuPos[1] += self.frame.flowPanel.canvas.GetSize()[1]
+            if len(icons):
+                self._menuComponent = self.componentFromID[icons[0]]
+                self.showContextMenu(self._menuComponent, xy=menuPos)
+            else:  # no context
+                self.showContextMenu(None, xy=menuPos)
+
+        elif event.Dragging() or event.LeftUp():
+            if self.dragid != -1:
+                pass
+            if event.LeftUp():
+                pass
+        elif event.Moving():
+            try:
+                x, y = self.ConvertEventCoords(event)
+                id = self.pdc.FindObjectsByBBox(x, y)[0]
+                component = self.componentFromID[id]
+                # Indicate hover target in the bottom bar
+                if component == self.routine.settings:
+                    self.frame.SetStatusText("Routine settings: " + component.params['name'].val)
+                else:
+                    self.frame.SetStatusText("Component: "+component.params['name'].val)
+            except IndexError:
+                self.frame.SetStatusText("")
+
+    def OnScroll(self, event):
+        xy = self.GetViewStart()
+        delta = int(event.WheelRotation * self.dpi / 1600)
+        self.Scroll(xy[0], xy[1]-delta)
+
+    def showContextMenu(self, component, xy):
+        """Show a context menu in the routine view.
+        """
+        menu = wx.Menu()
+        if component not in (None, self.routine.settings):
+            for item in self.contextMenuItems:
+                id = self.contextIDFromItem[item]
+                # don't show paste option unless something is copied
+                if item.startswith('paste'):
+                    if not self.app.copiedCompon:  # skip paste options
+                        continue
+                    itemLabel = " ".join(
+                        (self.contextMenuLabels[item],
+                         "({})".format(
+                             self.app.copiedCompon.params['name'].val)))
+                elif any([item.startswith(op) for op in ('copy', 'remove', 'edit')]):
+                    itemLabel = " ".join(
+                        (self.contextMenuLabels[item],
+                         "({})".format(component.params['name'].val)))
+                else:
+                    itemLabel = self.contextMenuLabels[item]
+
+                menu.Append(id, itemLabel)
+                menu.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.onContextSelect, id=id)
+
+            self.frame.PopupMenu(menu, xy)
+            menu.Destroy()  # destroy to avoid mem leak
+        else:
+            # anywhere but a hotspot is clicked, show this menu
+            if self.app.copiedCompon:
+                itemLabel = " ".join(
+                    (_translate('paste'),
+                     "({})".format(
+                         self.app.copiedCompon.params['name'].val)))
+                menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY, itemLabel)
+                menu.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.pasteCompon, id=wx.ID_ANY)
+
+                self.frame.PopupMenu(menu, xy)
+                menu.Destroy()
+
+    def onContextSelect(self, event):
+        """Perform a given action on the component chosen
+        """
+        op = self.contextItemFromID[event.GetId()]
+        component = self._menuComponent
+        r = self.routine
+        if op == 'edit':
+            self.editComponentProperties(component=component)
+        elif op == 'copy':
+            self.copyCompon(component=component)
+        elif op == 'paste above':
+            self.pasteCompon(index=r.index(component))
+        elif op == 'paste below':
+            self.pasteCompon(index=r.index(component) + 1)
+        elif op == 'remove':
+            r.removeComponent(component)
+            self.frame.addToUndoStack(
+                "REMOVE `%s` from Routine" % component.params['name'].val)
+            self.frame.exp.namespace.remove(component.params['name'].val)
+        elif op.startswith('move'):
+            lastLoc = r.index(component)
+            r.remove(component)
+            if op == 'move to top':
+                r.insert(0, component)
+            if op == 'move up':
+                r.insert(lastLoc - 1, component)
+            if op == 'move down':
+                r.insert(lastLoc + 1, component)
+            if op == 'move to bottom':
+                r.append(component)
+            self.frame.addToUndoStack("MOVED `%s`" %
+                                      component.params['name'].val)
+        self.redrawRoutine()
+        self._menuComponent = None
+
+    def OnPaint(self, event):
+        # Create a buffered paint DC.  It will create the real
+        # wx.PaintDC and then blit the bitmap to it when dc is
+        # deleted.
+        dc = wx.GCDC(wx.BufferedPaintDC(self))
+        # we need to clear the dc BEFORE calling PrepareDC
+        bg = wx.Brush(self.GetBackgroundColour())
+        dc.SetBackground(bg)
+        dc.Clear()
+        # use PrepareDC to set position correctly
+        self.PrepareDC(dc)
+        # create a clipping rect from our position and size
+        # and the Update Region
+        xv, yv = self.GetViewStart()
+        dx, dy = self.GetScrollPixelsPerUnit()
+        x, y = (xv * dx, yv * dy)
+        rgn = self.GetUpdateRegion()
+        rgn.Offset(x, y)
+        r = rgn.GetBox()
+        # draw to the dc using the calculated clipping rect
+        self.pdc.DrawToDCClipped(dc, r)
+
+    def redrawRoutine(self):
+        # clear everything
+        self.pdc.Clear()
+        self.pdc.RemoveAll()
+        # set font size
+        self.setFontSize(self.fontBaseSize // self.dpi, self.pdc)
+
+        # update rects with which to layout
+        self.updateLayoutRects()
+        # # if debugging, draw all the rects
+        # self.pdc.SetPen(wx.Pen("Red"))
+        # for rect in self.rects.values():
+        #     self.pdc.DrawRectangle(rect)
+
+        self.SetBackgroundColour(colors.app['tab_bg'])
+
+        # separate components according to whether they are drawn in separate
+        # row
+        rowComponents = []
+        staticCompons = []
+        for n, component in enumerate(self.routine):
+            if component.type == 'Static':
+                staticCompons.append(component)
+            elif component == self.routine.settings:
+                pass
+            else:
+                rowComponents.append(component)
+
+        # draw settings button
+        settingsBtnExtent = self.drawSettingsBtn(self.pdc, self.routine.settings)
+
+        # draw static, time grid, normal (row) comp:
+        yPos = self.rects['grid'].Top
+        yPosBottom = self.rects['grid'].Bottom
+        # draw any Static Components first (below the grid)
+        for component in staticCompons:
+            bottom = max(yPosBottom, self.GetSize()[1])
+            self.drawStatic(self.pdc, component, yPos, bottom)
+        self.drawTimeGrid(self.pdc, yPos, yPosBottom)
+        # normal components, one per row
+        for component in rowComponents:
+            self.drawComponent(self.pdc, component, yPos)
+            yPos += self.componentStep
+        # draw end line (if there is one)
+        self.drawForceEndLine(self.pdc, yPosBottom)
+
+        # the 50 allows space for labels below the time axis
+        self.SetVirtualSize((int(self.maxWidth), yPos + 50))
+        self.Refresh()  # refresh the visible window after drawing (OnPaint)
+        #self.scroller.Resize()
+
+    def updateLayoutRects(self):
+        """
+        Recalculate the positions and sizes of the wx.Rect objects which determine
+        how the canvas is laid out.
+        """
+        self.rects = {}
+        self.setFontSize(self.fontBaseSize // self.dpi, self.pdc)
+
+        # --- Whole area ---
+        canvas = self.rects['canvas'] = wx.Rect(
+            x=15,
+            y=15,
+            width=self.sizePix[0] - 30,
+            height=self.sizePix[1] - 30
+        )
+
+        # --- Time grid ---
+        # filter Components for just those included in the time grid
+        trueComponents = []
+        for comp in self.routine:
+            if type(comp).__name__ in ("StaticComponent", "RoutineSettingsComponent"):
+                continue
+            else:
+                trueComponents.append(comp)
+        # note: will be modified as things are added around it
+        grid = self.rects['grid'] = wx.Rect(
+            x=canvas.Left,
+            y=canvas.Top,
+            width=canvas.Width,
+            height=self.componentStep * len(trueComponents)
+        )
+
+        # --- Top bar ---
+        # this is where the Settings button lives
+        topBar = self.rects['topBar'] = wx.Rect(
+            x=canvas.Left,
+            y=canvas.Top,
+            width=canvas.Width,
+            height=int(self.iconSize/3) + 24
+        )
+        # shift grid down
+        grid.Top += topBar.Height
+
+        # --- Time labels ---
+        # note: will be modified as things are added around it
+        timeLbls = self.rects['timeLbls'] = wx.Rect(
+            x=grid.Left,
+            y=topBar.Bottom,
+            width=grid.Width,
+            height=int(self.componentStep/2)
+        )
+        # shift grid down
+        grid.Top += timeLbls.Height
+
+        # --- Component names ---
+        # get width of component names column
+        compNameWidths = [120]
+        if not prefs.builder['abbreviateLongCompNames']:
+            # get width of longest name if we're not elipsizing
+            for comp in self.routine:
+                w = self.GetFullTextExtent(comp.name)[0] + 12
+                compNameWidths.append(w)
+        componentLabelWidth = max(compNameWidths)
+        # create rect
+        compLbls = self.rects['compLbls'] = wx.Rect(
+            x=canvas.Left,
+            y=grid.Top,
+            width=componentLabelWidth,
+            height=grid.Height
+        )
+        # shift grid and time labels right (and cut to size)
+        grid.Left += compLbls.Width
+        grid.Width -= compLbls.Width
+        timeLbls.Left += compLbls.Width
+        timeLbls.Width -= compLbls.Width
+
+        # --- Component icons ---
+        icons = self.rects['icons'] = wx.Rect(
+            x=compLbls.Right,
+            y=grid.Top,
+            width=self.iconSize + 12,
+            height=grid.Height
+        )
+        # shift grid and time labels right (and cut to size)
+        grid.Left += icons.Width + 12
+        grid.Width -= icons.Width + 12
+        timeLbls.Left += icons.Width + 12
+        timeLbls.Width -= icons.Width + 12
+
+        # --- Time units label ---
+        timeUnitsLbl = self.rects['timeUnitsLbl'] = wx.Rect(
+            x=grid.Right,
+            y=grid.Top,
+            width=self.GetFullTextExtent("t (sec)")[0] + 12,
+            height=int(self.componentStep/2)
+        )
+        # align self by right edge
+        timeUnitsLbl.Left -= timeUnitsLbl.Width
+        # shift grid and time labels left (and cut to size)
+        grid.Width -= timeUnitsLbl.Width
+        timeLbls.Width -= timeUnitsLbl.Width
+
+        # update references from rects
+        self.timeXposStart = grid.Left
+        self.timeXposEnd = grid.Right
+        self.iconXpos = self.rects['icons'].Left
+
+    def getMaxTime(self):
+        """Return the max time to be drawn in the window
+        """
+        maxTime, nonSlip = self.routine.getMaxTime()
+        if self.routine.hasOnlyStaticComp():
+            maxTime = int(maxTime) + 1.0
+
+        # if max came from routine settings, mark as hard stop
+        rtMax, rtMaxIsNum = self.routine.settings.getDuration()
+        hardStop = rtMaxIsNum and rtMax == maxTime
+        # handle no max
+        if maxTime is None:
+            maxTime = 10
+
+        return maxTime, hardStop
+
+    def drawTimeGrid(self, dc, yPosTop, yPosBottom, labelAbove=True):
+        """Draws the grid of lines and labels the time axes
+        """
+        yPosTop = int(yPosTop)  # explicit type conversion to `int`
+        yPosBottom = int(yPosBottom)
+
+        tMax, hardStop = self.getMaxTime()
+        tMax *= 1.1
+        xScale = self.getSecsPerPixel()
+        xSt = self.timeXposStart
+        xEnd = self.timeXposEnd
+
+        # dc.SetId(wx.NewIdRef())
+        dc.SetPen(wx.Pen(colors.app['rt_timegrid']))
+        dc.SetTextForeground(wx.Colour(colors.app['rt_timegrid']))
+        self.setFontSize(self.fontBaseSize // self.dpi, dc)
+
+        id = wx.NewIdRef()
+        dc.SetId(id)
+
+        # draw horizontal lines on top and bottom
+        dc.DrawLine(
+            x1=int(xSt),
+            y1=yPosTop,
+            x2=int(xEnd),
+            y2=yPosTop)
+        dc.DrawLine(
+            x1=int(xSt),
+            y1=yPosBottom,
+            x2=int(xEnd),
+            y2=yPosBottom)
+
+        # draw vertical time points
+        # gives roughly 1/10 the width, but in rounded to base 10 of
+        # 0.1,1,10...
+        unitSize = 10 ** numpy.ceil(numpy.log10(tMax * 0.8)) / 10.0
+        if tMax / unitSize < 3:
+            # gives units of 2 (0.2,2,20)
+            unitSize = 10 ** numpy.ceil(numpy.log10(tMax * 0.8)) / 50.0
+        elif tMax / unitSize < 6:
+            # gives units of 5 (0.5,5,50)
+            unitSize = 10 ** numpy.ceil(numpy.log10(tMax * 0.8)) / 20.0
+        for lineN in range(int(numpy.floor((tMax / unitSize)))):
+            # vertical line:
+            dc.DrawLine(int(xSt + lineN * unitSize / xScale),
+                        yPosTop - 4,
+                        int(xSt + lineN * unitSize / xScale),
+                        yPosBottom + 4)
+            # label above:
+            dc.DrawText('%.2g' % (lineN * unitSize),
+                        int(xSt + lineN * unitSize / xScale - 4),
+                        yPosTop - 30)
+            if yPosBottom > 300:
+                # if bottom of grid is far away then draw labels here too
+                dc.DrawText('%.2g' % (lineN * unitSize),
+                            int(xSt + lineN * unitSize / xScale - 4),
+                            yPosBottom + 10)
+        # add a label
+        self.setFontSize(self.fontBaseSize // self.dpi, dc)
+        # y is y-half height of text
+        dc.DrawText('t (sec)',
+                    self.rects['timeUnitsLbl'].Left + 6,
+                    self.rects['timeUnitsLbl'].Top)
+        # or draw bottom labels only if scrolling is turned on, virtual size >
+        # available size?
+        if yPosBottom > 300:
+            # if bottom of grid is far away then draw labels there too
+            # y is y-half height of text
+            dc.DrawText('t (sec)',
+                        int(xEnd + 5),
+                        yPosBottom - self.GetFullTextExtent('t')[1] // 2)
+        dc.SetTextForeground(colors.app['text'])
+
+    def drawForceEndLine(self, dc, yPosBottom):
+        id = wx.NewIdRef()
+        dc.SetId(id)
+        # get max time & check if we have a hard stop
+        tMax, hardStop = self.getMaxTime()
+        # if routine has an estimated stop, it's not a hard stop but we shold draw the line anyway
+        if self.routine.settings.params.get("durationEstim", False):
+            hardStop = True
+
+        if hardStop:
+            # if hard stop, draw orange final line
+            dc.SetPen(
+                wx.Pen(colors.app['rt_comp_force'], width=4)
+            )
+            dc.SetTextForeground(
+                wx.Colour(colors.app['rt_comp_force'])
+            )
+            # vertical line:
+            dc.DrawLine(self.timeXposEnd,
+                        self.rects['grid'].Top - 4,
+                        self.timeXposEnd,
+                        yPosBottom + 4)
+            # label above:
+            dc.DrawText('%.2g' % tMax,
+                        int(self.timeXposEnd - 4),
+                        self.rects['grid'].Top - 30)
+
+    def setFontSize(self, size, dc):
+        font = self.GetFont()
+        font.SetPointSize(size)
+        dc.SetFont(font)
+        self.SetFont(font)
+
+    def drawStatic(self, dc, component, yPosTop, yPosBottom):
+        """draw a static (ISI) component box"""
+
+        # type conversion to `int`
+        yPosTop = int(yPosTop)
+        yPosBottom = int(yPosBottom)
+
+        # set an id for the region of this component (so it can
+        # act as a button). see if we created this already.
+        id = None
+        for key in self.componentFromID:
+            if self.componentFromID[key] == component:
+                id = key
+        if not id:  # then create one and add to the dict
+            id = wx.NewIdRef()
+            self.componentFromID[id] = component
+        dc.SetId(id)
+        # deduce start and stop times if possible
+        startTime, duration, nonSlipSafe = component.getStartAndDuration()
+        # ensure static comps are clickable (even if $code start or duration)
+        unknownTiming = False
+        if startTime is None:
+            startTime = 0
+            unknownTiming = True
+        if duration is None:
+            duration = 0  # minimal extent ensured below
+            unknownTiming = True
+        # calculate rectangle for component
+        xScale = self.getSecsPerPixel()
+
+        if component.params['disabled'].val:
+            dc.SetBrush(wx.Brush(colors.app['rt_static_disabled']))
+            dc.SetPen(wx.Pen(colors.app['rt_static_disabled']))
+
+        else:
+            dc.SetBrush(wx.Brush(colors.app['rt_static']))
+            dc.SetPen(wx.Pen(colors.app['rt_static']))
+
+        xSt = self.timeXposStart + startTime // xScale
+        w = duration // xScale + 1  # +1 b/c border alpha=0 in dc.SetPen
+        w = max(min(w, 10000), 2)  # ensure 2..10000 pixels
+        h = yPosBottom - yPosTop
+        # name label, position:
+        name = component.params['name'].val  # "ISI"
+        if unknownTiming:
+            # flag it as not literally represented in time, e.g., $code
+            # duration
+            name += ' ???'
+        nameW, nameH = self.GetFullTextExtent(name)[0:2]
+        x = xSt + w // 2
+        staticLabelTop = (0, 50, 60)[self.drawSize]
+        y = staticLabelTop - nameH * 3
+        fullRect = wx.Rect(int(x - 20), int(y), int(nameW), int(nameH))
+        # draw the rectangle, draw text on top:
+        dc.DrawRectangle(
+            int(xSt), int(yPosTop - nameH * 4), int(w), int(h + nameH * 5))
+        dc.DrawText(name, int(x - nameW // 2), y)
+        # update bounds to include time bar
+        fullRect.Union(wx.Rect(int(xSt), int(yPosTop), int(w), int(h)))
+        dc.SetIdBounds(id, fullRect)
+
+    def drawComponent(self, dc, component, yPos):
+        """Draw the timing of one component on the timeline"""
+        # set an id for the region of this component (so it
+        # can act as a button). see if we created this already
+
+        yPos = int(yPos)  # explicit type conversion
+
+        id = None
+        for key in self.componentFromID:
+            if self.componentFromID[key] == component:
+                id = key
+        if not id:  # then create one and add to the dict
+            id = wx.NewIdRef()
+            self.componentFromID[id] = component
+        dc.SetId(id)
+
+        iconYOffset = (6, 6, 0)[self.drawSize]
+        # get default icon and bar color
+        thisIcon = icons.ComponentIcon(component, size=self.iconSize).bitmap
+        thisColor = colors.app['rt_comp']
+        thisStyle = wx.BRUSHSTYLE_SOLID
+
+        # check True/False on ForceEndRoutine
+        if 'forceEndRoutine' in component.params:
+            if component.params['forceEndRoutine'].val:
+                thisColor = colors.app['rt_comp_force']
+        # check True/False on ForceEndRoutineOnPress
+        if 'forceEndRoutineOnPress' in component.params:
+            if component.params['forceEndRoutineOnPress'].val in ['any click', 'correct click', 'valid click']:
+                thisColor = colors.app['rt_comp_force']
+        # check True aliases on EndRoutineOn
+        if 'endRoutineOn' in component.params:
+            if component.params['endRoutineOn'].val in ['look at', 'look away']:
+                thisColor = colors.app['rt_comp_force']
+        # grey bar if comp is disabled
+        if component.params['disabled'].val:
+            thisIcon = thisIcon.ConvertToDisabled()
+            thisColor = colors.app['rt_comp_disabled']
+
+        dc.DrawBitmap(thisIcon, int(self.iconXpos) + 6, int(yPos + iconYOffset), True)
+        fullRect = wx.Rect(
+            int(self.iconXpos),
+            yPos,
+            thisIcon.GetWidth(),
+            thisIcon.GetHeight())
+
+        self.setFontSize(self.fontBaseSize // self.dpi, dc)
+
+        name = component.params['name'].val
+        # elipsize name if it's too long
+        if self.GetFullTextExtent(name)[0] > self.rects['compLbls'].Width:
+            name = name[:6] + "..." + name[-6:]
+        # get size based on text
+        w = self.rects['compLbls'].Width
+        h = self.GetFullTextExtent(name)[1]
+
+        # draw text
+        # + x position of icon (left side)
+        # - half width of icon (including whitespace around it)
+        # - FULL width of text
+        # + slight adjustment for whitespace
+        x = self.rects['compLbls'].Right - 6 - self.GetFullTextExtent(name)[0]
+        _adjust = (5, 5, -2)[self.drawSize]
+        y = yPos + thisIcon.GetHeight() // 2 - h // 2 + _adjust
+        dc.DrawText(name, int(x), y)
+        fullRect.Union(
+            wx.Rect(int(x - 20), int(y), int(w), int(h)))
+
+        # deduce start and stop times if possible
+        startTime, duration, nonSlipSafe = component.getStartAndDuration()
+        # draw entries on timeline (if they have some time definition)
+        if duration is not None:
+            yOffset = (3.5, 3.5, 0.5)[self.drawSize]
+            h = self.componentStep // (4, 3.25, 2.5)[self.drawSize]
+            xScale = self.getSecsPerPixel()
+            # then we can draw a sensible time bar!
+            thisPen = wx.Pen(thisColor, style=wx.TRANSPARENT)
+            thisBrush = wx.Brush(thisColor, style=thisStyle)
+            dc.SetPen(thisPen)
+            dc.SetBrush(thisBrush)
+            # cap duration if routine has a max
+            maxDur, useMax = self.routine.settings.getDuration()
+            overspill = 0
+            if useMax:
+                if maxDur is None:
+                    maxDur = duration
+                overspill = max(duration - maxDur, 0)
+                duration = min(maxDur, duration)
+            # If there's a fixed end time and no start time, start 20px before 0
+            if ('stopType' in component.params) and ('startType' in component.params) and (
+                    component.params['stopType'].val in ('time (s)', 'duration (s)')
+                    and component.params['startType'].val in ('time (s)')
+                    and startTime is None
+            ):
+                startTime = -20 * self.getSecsPerPixel()
+                duration += 20 * self.getSecsPerPixel()
+                # thisBrush.SetStyle(wx.BRUSHSTYLE_BDIAGONAL_HATCH)
+                # dc.SetBrush(thisBrush)
+
+            if startTime is not None:
+                xSt = self.timeXposStart + startTime // xScale
+                w = duration // xScale + 1
+                if w > 10000:
+                    w = 10000  # limit width to 10000 pixels!
+                if w < 2:
+                    w = 2  # make sure at least one pixel shows
+                dc.DrawRectangle(int(xSt), int(y + yOffset), int(w), int(h))
+                # update bounds to include time bar
+                fullRect.Union(wx.Rect(int(xSt), int(y + yOffset), int(w), int(h)))
+            # draw greyed out bar for any overspill (if routine has a max dur)
+            if useMax and overspill > 0:
+                # use disabled color
+                dc.SetBrush(
+                    wx.Brush(colors.app['rt_comp_disabled'], style=thisStyle)
+                )
+                dc.SetPen(
+                    wx.Pen(colors.app['rt_comp_disabled'], style=wx.TRANSPARENT)
+                )
+                # draw rest of bar
+                w = overspill // xScale + 1
+                if w > 10000:
+                    w = 10000  # limit width to 10000 pixels!
+                if w < 2:
+                    w = 2  # make sure at least one pixel shows
+                dc.DrawRectangle(self.timeXposEnd, int(y + yOffset), int(w), int(h))
+        dc.SetIdBounds(id, fullRect)
+
+    def drawSettingsBtn(self, dc, component):
+        # Setup ID
+        id = None
+        for key in self.componentFromID:
+            if self.componentFromID[key] == component:
+                id = key
+        if not id:  # then create one and add to the dict
+            id = wx.NewIdRef()
+            self.componentFromID[id] = component
+        dc.SetId(id)
+        # Get settings icon
+        sz = int(self.iconSize/3)
+        thisIcon = icons.ComponentIcon(component, size=sz).bitmap
+        # Some parameters
+        lbl = _translate("Routine settings")
+        padding = 12
+        # Set font
+        fontSize = wx.SystemSettings.GetFont(wx.SYS_DEFAULT_GUI_FONT).GetPointSize()
+        self.setFontSize(fontSize, dc)
+        # Calculate extent
+        extent = wx.Rect(
+            x=self.rects['topBar'].Left,
+            y=self.rects['topBar'].Top,
+            width=padding + sz + 6 + self.GetTextExtent(lbl)[0] + padding,
+            height=padding + sz + padding
+        )
+        extent = extent.CenterIn(self.rects['topBar'], dir=wx.VERTICAL)
+        # Get content rect
+        rect = wx.Rect(extent.TopLeft, extent.BottomRight)
+        rect.Deflate(padding)
+        # Draw rect
+        dc.SetPen(wx.Pen(colors.app['panel_bg']))
+        dc.SetBrush(wx.Brush(colors.app['tab_bg']))
+        dc.DrawRoundedRectangle(extent, 6)
+        # Draw button
+        dc.SetTextForeground(
+            wx.Colour(colors.app['text'])
+        )
+        dc.DrawLabel(
+            lbl,
+            image=thisIcon,
+            rect=rect,
+            alignment=wx.ALIGN_LEFT | wx.ALIGN_CENTER_VERTICAL
+        )
+        # Bind to ID bounds
+        dc.SetIdBounds(id, extent)
+
+        return extent
+
+    def copyCompon(self, event=None, component=None):
+        """This is easy - just take a copy of the component into memory
+        """
+        self.app.copiedCompon = component.copy()
+
+    def pasteCompon(self, event=None, component=None, index=None):
+        # Alias None for component stored in app
+        if component is None and self.app.copiedCompon:
+            component = self.app.copiedCompon
+        # Fail if nothing copied
+        if component is None:
+            return -1
+        exp = self.frame.exp
+        origName = component.params['name'].val
+        defaultName = exp.namespace.makeValid(origName)
+        msg = _translate('New name for copy of "%(copied)s"?  [%(default)s]')
+        vals = {'copied': origName, 'default': defaultName}
+        message = msg % vals
+        dlg = wx.TextEntryDialog(self, message=message,
+                                 caption=_translate('Paste Component'))
+        if dlg.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK:
+            # Get new name
+            newName = dlg.GetValue()
+            if not newName:
+                newName = defaultName
+            newName = exp.namespace.makeValid(newName)
+            # Create copy of component with new references
+            newCompon = component.copy(
+                exp=exp,
+                parentName=self.routine.name,
+                name=newName
+            )
+            # Add to routine
+            if index is None:
+                self.routine.addComponent(newCompon)
+            else:
+                self.routine.insertComponent(index, newCompon)
+            self.frame.exp.namespace.user.append(newName)
+            # could do redrawRoutines but would be slower?
+            self.redrawRoutine()
+            self.frame.addToUndoStack("PASTE Component `%s`" % newName)
+        dlg.Destroy()
+
+    def editComponentProperties(self, event=None, component=None, openToPage=None):
+        # we got here from a wx.button press (rather than our own drawn icons)
+        if event:
+            componentName = event.EventObject.GetName()
+            component = self.routine.getComponentFromName(componentName)
+        # does this component have a help page?
+        if hasattr(component, 'url'):
+            helpUrl = component.url
+        else:
+            helpUrl = None
+        old_name = component.params['name'].val
+        old_disabled = component.params['disabled'].val
+        # check current timing settings of component (if it changes we
+        # need to update views)
+        initialTimings = component.getStartAndDuration()
+        if 'forceEndRoutine' in component.params \
+                or 'forceEndRoutineOnPress' in component.params:
+            # If component can force end routine, check if it did before
+            initialForce = [component.params[key].val
+                            for key in ['forceEndRoutine', 'forceEndRoutineOnPress']
+                            if key in component.params]
+        else:
+            initialForce = False
+        # create the dialog
+        if hasattr(component, 'type') and component.type.lower() == 'code':
+            _Dlg = DlgCodeComponentProperties
+        else:
+            _Dlg = DlgComponentProperties
+        dlg = _Dlg(frame=self.frame,
+                   element=component,
+                   experiment=self.frame.exp, editing=True,
+                   openToPage=openToPage)
+        if dlg.OK:
+            # Redraw if force end routine has changed
+            if any(key in component.params for key in ['forceEndRoutine', 'forceEndRoutineOnPress', 'endRoutineOn']):
+                newForce = [component.params[key].val
+                            for key in ['forceEndRoutine', 'forceEndRoutineOnPress', 'endRoutineOn']
+                            if key in component.params]
+                if initialForce != newForce:
+                    self.redrawRoutine()  # need to refresh timings section
+                    self.Refresh()  # then redraw visible
+                    self.frame.flowPanel.canvas.draw()
+            # Redraw if timings have changed (or always, if comp was RoutineSettings)
+            if (
+                component.getStartAndDuration() != initialTimings
+                or component.type == "RoutineSettingsComponent"
+            ):
+                self.redrawRoutine()  # need to refresh timings section
+                self.Refresh()  # then redraw visible
+                self.frame.flowPanel.canvas.draw()
+                # self.frame.flowPanel.Refresh()
+            elif component.name != old_name:
+                if component == self.routine.settings:
+                    self.frame.flowPanel.canvas.draw()
+                    self.frame._doRenameRoutine(oldName=old_name, newName=component.name)
+                self.redrawRoutine()  # need to refresh name
+            elif component.params['disabled'].val != old_disabled:
+                self.redrawRoutine()  # need to refresh color
+            self.frame.exp.namespace.remove(old_name)
+            self.frame.exp.namespace.add(component.params['name'].val)
+            self.frame.addToUndoStack("EDIT `%s`" %
+                                      component.params['name'].val)
+
+    def getSecsPerPixel(self):
+        pixels = float(self.timeXposEnd - self.timeXposStart)
+        return self.getMaxTime()[0] / pixels
+
+
+class StandaloneRoutineCanvas(scrolledpanel.ScrolledPanel):
+    def __init__(self, parent, routine=None):
+        # Init super
+        scrolledpanel.ScrolledPanel.__init__(
+            self, parent,
+            style=wx.BORDER_NONE)
+        # Store basics
+        self.frame = parent.frame
+        self.app = self.frame.app
+        self.dpi = self.app.dpi
+        self.routine = routine
+        self.helpUrl = self.routine.url
+        self.params = routine.params
+        # Setup sizer
+        self.sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
+        self.SetSizer(self.sizer)
+        # Setup categ notebook
+        self.warnings = WarningManager(self)
+        self.ctrls = ParamNotebook(self, experiment=self.frame.exp, element=routine)
+        self.ctrls.Bind(EVT_PARAM_CHANGED, self.updateExperiment)
+        self.paramCtrls = self.ctrls.paramCtrls
+        self.sizer.Add(self.ctrls, border=12, proportion=1, flag=wx.ALIGN_CENTER | wx.TOP)
+        # Make buttons
+        self.btnsSizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
+        self.helpBtn = utils.HoverButton(self, id=wx.ID_HELP, label=_translate("Help"))
+        self.helpBtn.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.onHelp)
+        self.btnsSizer.Add(self.helpBtn, border=6, flag=wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND)
+        self.btnsSizer.AddStretchSpacer(1)
+        # add warnings to sizer
+        self.sizer.Add(self.warnings.output, border=3, flag=wx.EXPAND | wx.ALL)
+        # add buttons to sizer
+        self.sizer.Add(self.btnsSizer, border=3, proportion=0, flag=wx.EXPAND | wx.ALL)
+        # Style
+        self.SetupScrolling(scroll_y=True)
+
+    def _applyAppTheme(self):
+        self.SetBackgroundColour(colors.app['tab_bg'])
+        self.helpBtn._applyAppTheme()
+        self.Refresh()
+        self.Update()
+
+    def updateExperiment(self, evt=None):
+        """Update this routine's saved parameters to what is currently entered"""
+        # Get params in correct formats
+        self.routine.params = self.ctrls.getParams()
+        # Duplicate routine list and iterate through to find this one
+        routines = self.frame.exp.routines.copy()
+        for name, routine in routines.items():
+            if routine == self.routine:
+                # Update the routine dict keys to use the current name for this routine
+                self.frame.exp.routines[self.routine.name] = self.frame.exp.routines.pop(name)
+                # update experiment namespace
+                self.frame.exp.namespace.remove(name)
+                self.frame.exp.namespace.add(self.routine.name)
+        # Redraw the flow panel
+        self.frame.flowPanel.canvas.draw()
+        # Rename this page
+        page = self.frame.routinePanel.GetPageIndex(self)
+        self.frame.routinePanel.SetPageText(page, self.routine.name)
+        # Update save button
+        self.frame.setIsModified(True)
+
+    def onHelp(self, event=None):
+        """Uses self.app.followLink() to self.helpUrl
+        """
+        self.app.followLink(url=self.helpUrl)
+
+    def Validate(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        return self.ctrls.Validate()
+
+
+class ComponentsPanel(scrolledpanel.ScrolledPanel, handlers.ThemeMixin):
+    """Panel containing buttons for each component, sorted by category"""
+
+    class CategoryButton(wx.ToggleButton, handlers.ThemeMixin, HoverMixin):
+        """Button to show/hide a category of components"""
+        def __init__(self, parent, name, cat):
+            if sys.platform == 'darwin':
+                label = name  # on macOS the wx.BU_LEFT flag has no effect
+            else:
+                label = "   "+name
+            # Initialise button
+            wx.ToggleButton.__init__(self, parent,
+                                     label=label, size=(-1, 24),
+                                     style= wx.BORDER_NONE | wx.BU_LEFT)
+            self.parent = parent
+            # Link to category of buttons
+            self.menu = self.parent.catSizers[cat]
+            # # Set own sizer
+            # self.sizer = wx.GridSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
+            # self.SetSizer(self.sizer)
+            # # Add icon
+            # self.icon = wx.StaticText(parent=self, label="DOWN")
+            # self.sizer.Add(self.icon, border=5, flag=wx.ALL | wx.ALIGN_RIGHT)
+            # Default states to false
+            self.state = False
+            self.hover = False
+            # Bind toggle function
+            self.Bind(wx.EVT_TOGGLEBUTTON, self.ToggleMenu)
+            # Bind hover functions
+            self.SetupHover()
+
+        def ToggleMenu(self, event):
+            # If triggered manually with a bool, treat that as a substitute for event selection
+            if isinstance(event, bool):
+                state = event
+            else:
+                state = event.GetSelection()
+            # Set state
+            self.SetValue(state)
+            # Refresh view (which will show/hide according to this button's state)
+            self.parent.refreshView()
+            # Restyle
+            self.OnHover()
+
+        def _applyAppTheme(self):
+            """Apply app theme to this button"""
+            self.OnHover()
+
+    class ComponentButton(wx.Button, handlers.ThemeMixin):
+        """Button to open component parameters dialog"""
+        def __init__(self, parent, name, comp, cat):
+            self.parent = parent
+            self.component = comp
+            self.category = cat
+            # construct label
+            label = name
+            # remove "Component" from the end
+            for redundant in ['component', 'Component']:
+                label = label.replace(redundant, "")
+            # convert to title case
+            label = st.CaseSwitcher.pascal2title(label)
+            # wrap
+            label = st.wrap(label, 10)
+
+            # Make button
+            wx.Button.__init__(self, parent, wx.ID_ANY,
+                               label=label, name=name,
+                               size=(68, 68+12*label.count("\n")),
+                               style=wx.NO_BORDER)
+            self.SetToolTip(wx.ToolTip(comp.tooltip or name))
+            # Style
+            self._applyAppTheme()
+            # Bind to functions
+            self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.onClick)
+            self.Bind(wx.EVT_RIGHT_DOWN, self.onRightClick)
+
+        @property
+        def element(self):
+            return self.component
+
+        def onClick(self, evt=None, timeout=None):
+            """Called when a component button is clicked on.
+            """
+            routine = self.parent.frame.routinePanel.getCurrentRoutine()
+            if routine is None:
+                if timeout is not None:  # just return, we're testing the UI
+                    return
+                # Show a message telling the user there is no routine in the
+                # experiment, making adding a component pointless until they do
+                # so.
+                dlg = wx.MessageDialog(
+                    self,
+                    _translate(
+                        "Cannot add component, experiment has no routines."),
+                    _translate("Error"),
+                    wx.OK | wx.ICON_ERROR | wx.CENTRE)
+                dlg.ShowModal()
+                dlg.Destroy()
+                return
+
+            page = self.parent.frame.routinePanel.getCurrentPage()
+            comp = self.component(
+                parentName=routine.name,
+                exp=self.parent.frame.exp)
+
+            # does this component have a help page?
+            if hasattr(comp, 'url'):
+                helpUrl = comp.url
+            else:
+                helpUrl = None
+            # create component template
+            if comp.type == 'Code':
+                _Dlg = DlgCodeComponentProperties
+            else:
+                _Dlg = DlgComponentProperties
+            dlg = _Dlg(frame=self.parent.frame,
+                       element=comp,
+                       experiment=self.parent.frame.exp,
+                       timeout=timeout)
+
+            if dlg.OK:
+                # Add to the actual routine
+                routine.addComponent(comp)
+                namespace = self.parent.frame.exp.namespace
+                desiredName = comp.params['name'].val
+                name = comp.params['name'].val = namespace.makeValid(desiredName)
+                namespace.add(name)
+                # update the routine's view with the new component too
+                page.redrawRoutine()
+                self.parent.frame.addToUndoStack(
+                    "ADD `%s` to `%s`" % (name, routine.name))
+            return True
+
+        def onRightClick(self, evt):
+            """
+            Defines rightclick behavior within builder view's
+            components panel
+            """
+            # Get fave levels
+            faveLevels = prefs.appDataCfg['builder']['favComponents']
+            # Make menu
+            menu = wx.Menu()
+            if faveLevels[self.component.__name__] > ComponentsPanel.faveThreshold:
+                # If is in favs
+                msg = _translate("Remove from favorites")
+                fun = self.removeFromFavorites
+            else:
+                # If is not in favs
+                msg = _translate("Add to favorites")
+                fun = self.addToFavorites
+            btn = menu.Append(wx.ID_ANY, msg)
+            menu.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, fun, btn)
+            # Show as popup
+            self.PopupMenu(menu, evt.GetPosition())
+            # Destroy to avoid mem leak
+            menu.Destroy()
+
+        def addToFavorites(self, evt):
+            self.parent.addToFavorites(self.component)
+
+        def removeFromFavorites(self, evt):
+            self.parent.removeFromFavorites(self)
+
+        def _applyAppTheme(self):
+            # Set colors
+            self.SetForegroundColour(colors.app['text'])
+            self.SetBackgroundColour(colors.app['panel_bg'])
+            # Set bitmap
+            icon = icons.ComponentIcon(self.component, size=48)
+            if hasattr(self.component, "beta") and self.component.beta:
+                icon = icon.beta
+            else:
+                icon = icon.bitmap
+            self.SetBitmap(icon)
+            self.SetBitmapCurrent(icon)
+            self.SetBitmapPressed(icon)
+            self.SetBitmapFocus(icon)
+            self.SetBitmapPosition(wx.TOP)
+            # Refresh
+            self.Refresh()
+
+    class RoutineButton(wx.Button, handlers.ThemeMixin):
+        """Button to open component parameters dialog"""
+        def __init__(self, parent, name, rt, cat):
+            self.parent = parent
+            self.routine = rt
+            self.category = cat
+            # construct label
+            label = name
+            # remove "Routine" from the end
+            for redundant in ['routine', 'Routine', "ButtonBox"]:
+                label = label.replace(redundant, "")
+            # convert to title case
+            label = st.CaseSwitcher.pascal2title(label)
+            # wrap
+            label = st.wrap(label, 10)
+            # Make button
+            wx.Button.__init__(self, parent, wx.ID_ANY,
+                               label=label, name=name,
+                               size=(68, 68+12*label.count("\n")),
+                               style=wx.NO_BORDER)
+            self.SetToolTip(wx.ToolTip(rt.tooltip or name))
+            # Style
+            self._applyAppTheme()
+            # Bind to functions
+            self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.onClick)
+            self.Bind(wx.EVT_RIGHT_DOWN, self.onRightClick)
+
+        @property
+        def element(self):
+            return self.routine
+
+        def onClick(self, evt=None, timeout=None):
+            # Make a routine instance
+            comp = self.routine(exp=self.parent.frame.exp)
+            # Add to the actual routine
+            exp = self.parent.frame.exp
+            namespace = exp.namespace
+            name = comp.params['name'].val = namespace.makeValid(
+                comp.params['name'].val)
+            namespace.add(name)
+            exp.addStandaloneRoutine(name, comp)
+            # update the routine's view with the new routine too
+            self.parent.frame.addToUndoStack(
+                "ADD `%s` to `%s`" % (name, exp.name))
+            # Add a routine page
+            notebook = self.parent.frame.routinePanel
+            notebook.addRoutinePage(name, comp)
+            notebook.setCurrentRoutine(comp)
+
+        def onRightClick(self, evt):
+            """
+            Defines rightclick behavior within builder view's
+            routines panel
+            """
+            return
+
+        def addToFavorites(self, evt):
+            self.parent.addToFavorites(self.routine)
+
+        def removeFromFavorites(self, evt):
+            self.parent.removeFromFavorites(self)
+
+        def _applyAppTheme(self):
+            # Set colors
+            self.SetForegroundColour(colors.app['text'])
+            self.SetBackgroundColour(colors.app['panel_bg'])
+            # Set bitmap
+            icon = icons.ComponentIcon(self.routine, size=48)
+            if hasattr(self.routine, "beta") and self.routine.beta:
+                icon = icon.beta
+            else:
+                icon = icon.bitmap
+            self.SetBitmap(icon)
+            self.SetBitmapCurrent(icon)
+            self.SetBitmapPressed(icon)
+            self.SetBitmapFocus(icon)
+            self.SetBitmapPosition(wx.TOP)
+            # Refresh
+            self.Refresh()
+
+    class FilterDialog(wx.Dialog, handlers.ThemeMixin):
+        def __init__(self, parent, size=(200, 300)):
+            wx.Dialog.__init__(self, parent, size=size)
+            self.parent = parent
+            # Setup sizer
+            self.border = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
+            self.SetSizer(self.border)
+            self.sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
+            self.border.Add(self.sizer, border=6, proportion=1, flag=wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND)
+            # Label
+            self.label = wx.StaticText(self, label="Show components which \nwork with...")
+            self.sizer.Add(self.label, border=6, flag=wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND)
+            # Control
+            self.viewCtrl = ToggleButtonArray(self,
+                                              labels=("PsychoPy (local)", "PsychoJS (online)", "Both", "Any"),
+                                              values=("PsychoPy", "PsychoJS", "Both", "Any"),
+                                              multi=False, ori=wx.VERTICAL)
+            self.viewCtrl.Bind(wx.EVT_CHOICE, self.onChange)
+            self.sizer.Add(self.viewCtrl, border=6, flag=wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND)
+            self.viewCtrl.SetValue(prefs.builder['componentFilter'])
+            # OK
+            self.OKbtn = wx.Button(self, id=wx.ID_OK, label=_translate("OK"))
+            self.SetAffirmativeId(wx.ID_OK)
+            self.border.Add(self.OKbtn, border=6, flag=wx.ALL | wx.ALIGN_RIGHT)
+
+            self.Layout()
+            self._applyAppTheme()
+
+        def _applyAppTheme(self):
+            self.SetBackgroundColour(colors.app['panel_bg'])
+            self.label.SetForegroundColour(colors.app['text'])
+
+        def GetValue(self):
+            return self.viewCtrl.GetValue()
+
+        def onChange(self, evt=None):
+            self.parent.filter = prefs.builder['componentFilter'] = self.GetValue()
+            prefs.saveUserPrefs()
+            self.parent.refreshView()
+
+    faveThreshold = 20
+
+    def __init__(self, frame, id=-1):
+        """A panel that displays available components.
+        """
+        self.frame = frame
+        self.app = frame.app
+        self.dpi = self.app.dpi
+        self.prefs = self.app.prefs
+        panelWidth = 3 * (68 + 12) + 12 + 12
+        scrolledpanel.ScrolledPanel.__init__(self,
+                                             frame,
+                                             id,
+                                             size=(panelWidth, 10 * self.dpi),
+                                             style=wx.BORDER_NONE)
+        # Get filter from prefs
+        self.filter = prefs.builder['componentFilter']
+        # Setup sizer
+        self.sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
+        self.SetSizer(self.sizer)
+        # Top bar
+        self.topBarSizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
+        self.sizer.Add(self.topBarSizer, border=0, flag=wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND)
+        # Add plugins button
+        self.pluginBtn = wx.Button(self, label=_translate("Get more..."), style=wx.BU_EXACTFIT | wx.BORDER_NONE)
+        self.pluginBtn.SetToolTip(_translate("Add new components and features via plugins."))
+        self.topBarSizer.Add(self.pluginBtn, border=3, flag=wx.ALL)
+        self.pluginBtn.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.onPluginBtn)
+        # Add filter button
+        self.topBarSizer.AddStretchSpacer(1)
+        self.filterBtn = wx.Button(self, style=wx.BU_EXACTFIT | wx.BORDER_NONE)
+        self.filterBtn.SetToolTip(_translate("Filter components by whether they work with PsychoJS, PsychoPy or both."))
+        self.topBarSizer.Add(self.filterBtn, border=3, flag=wx.ALL)
+        self.filterBtn.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.onFilterBtn)
+
+        # Attributes to store handles in
+        self.catLabels = {}
+        self.catSizers = {}
+        self.compButtons = []
+        self.rtButtons = []
+        self.objectHandles = {}
+        # Create buttons
+        self.populate()
+        # Apply filter
+        self.refreshView()
+        # Do sizing
+        self.Fit()
+        # double buffered better rendering except if retina
+        self.SetDoubleBuffered(not self.frame.isRetina)
+
+    def getSortedElements(self):
+        allElements = getAllElements()
+        if "SettingsComponent" in allElements:
+            del allElements['SettingsComponent']
+
+        # Create array to store elements in
+        elements = OrderedDict()
+        # Specify which categories are fixed to start/end
+        firstCats = ['Favorites', 'Stimuli', 'Responses', 'Custom']
+        lastCats = ['I/O', 'Other']
+        # Add categories which are fixed to start
+        for cat in firstCats:
+            elements[cat] = {}
+        # Add unfixed categories
+        for cat in getAllCategories():
+            if cat not in lastCats + firstCats:
+                elements[cat] = {}
+        # Add categories which are fixed to end
+        for cat in lastCats:
+            elements[cat] = {}
+        # Get elements and sort by category
+        for name, emt in allElements.items():
+            for cat in emt.categories:
+                if cat in elements:
+                    elements[cat][name] = emt
+        # Assign favorites
+        self.faveLevels = prefs.appDataCfg['builder']['favComponents']
+        for name, emt in allElements.items():
+            # Make sure element has a level
+            if name not in self.faveLevels:
+                self.faveLevels[name] = 0
+            # If it exceeds the threshold, add to favorites
+            if self.faveLevels[name] > self.faveThreshold:
+                elements['Favorites'][name] = emt
+        # Fill in gaps in favorites with defaults
+        faveDefaults = [
+            ('ImageComponent', allElements['ImageComponent']),
+            ('KeyboardComponent', allElements['KeyboardComponent']),
+            ('SoundComponent', allElements['SoundComponent']),
+            ('TextComponent', allElements['TextComponent']),
+            ('MouseComponent', allElements['MouseComponent']),
+            ('SliderComponent', allElements['SliderComponent']),
+        ]
+        while len(elements['Favorites']) < 6:
+            name, emt = faveDefaults.pop(0)
+            if name not in elements['Favorites']:
+                elements['Favorites'][name] = emt
+                self.faveLevels[name] = self.faveThreshold + 1
+
+        return elements
+
+    def populate(self):
+        """
+        Find all component/standalone routine classes and create buttons for each, sorted by category.
+
+        This *can* be called multiple times - already existing buttons are simply detached from their sizer and
+        reattached in the correct place given any changes since last called.
+        """
+        elements = self.getSortedElements()
+
+        # Detach any extant category labels and sizers from main sizer
+        for cat in self.objectHandles:
+            self.sizer.Detach(self.catLabels[cat])
+            self.sizer.Detach(self.catSizers[cat])
+        # Add each category
+        for cat, emts in elements.items():
+            if cat not in self.objectHandles:
+                # Make category sizer
+                self.catSizers[cat] = wx.WrapSizer(orient=wx.HORIZONTAL)
+                # Make category button
+                self.catLabels[cat] = self.CategoryButton(self, name=_translate(cat), cat=cat)
+                # Store category reference
+                self.objectHandles[cat] = {}
+            # Add to sizer
+            self.sizer.Add(self.catLabels[cat], border=3, flag=wx.BOTTOM | wx.EXPAND)
+            self.sizer.Add(self.catSizers[cat], border=6, flag=wx.ALL | wx.ALIGN_CENTER)
+
+            # Detach any extant buttons from sizer
+            for btn in self.objectHandles[cat].values():
+                self.catSizers[cat].Detach(btn)
+            # Add each element
+            for name, emt in emts.items():
+                if name not in self.objectHandles[cat]:
+                    # Make appropriate button
+                    if issubclass(emt, BaseStandaloneRoutine):
+                        emtBtn = self.RoutineButton(self, name=name, rt=emt, cat=cat)
+                        self.rtButtons.append(emtBtn)
+                    else:
+                        emtBtn = self.ComponentButton(self, name=name, comp=emt, cat=cat)
+                        self.compButtons.append(emtBtn)
+                        # If we're in standalone routine view, disable new component button
+                        rtPage = self.frame.routinePanel.getCurrentPage()
+                        if rtPage:
+                            emtBtn.Enable(
+                                not isinstance(rtPage.routine, BaseStandaloneRoutine)
+                            )
+                    # Store reference by category
+                    self.objectHandles[cat][name] = emtBtn
+                # Add to category sizer
+                self.catSizers[cat].Add(self.objectHandles[cat][name], border=3, flag=wx.ALL)
+
+        # Show favourites on startup
+        self.catLabels['Favorites'].ToggleMenu(True)
+
+    def refreshView(self):
+        # Get view value(s)
+        if prefs.builder['componentFilter'] == "Both":
+            view = ["PsychoPy", "PsychoJS"]
+        elif prefs.builder['componentFilter'] == "Any":
+            view = []
+        else:
+            view = [prefs.builder['componentFilter']]
+
+        # Iterate through categories and buttons
+        for cat in self.objectHandles:
+            anyShown = False
+            for name, btn in self.objectHandles[cat].items():
+                shown = True
+                # Get element button refers to
+                if isinstance(btn, self.ComponentButton):
+                    emt = btn.component
+                elif isinstance(btn, self.RoutineButton):
+                    emt = btn.routine
+                else:
+                    emt = None
+                # Check whether button is hidden by filter
+                for v in view:
+                    if v not in btn.element.targets:
+                        shown = False
+                # Check whether button is hidden by prefs
+                if name in prefs.builder['hiddenComponents'] + alwaysHidden:
+                    shown = False
+                # check whether comp/rt indicates itsef as hidden
+                if emt.hidden:
+                    shown = False
+                # Check whether button refers to a future comp/rt
+                if hasattr(emt, "version"):
+                    ver = parseVersionSafely(emt.version)
+                    if ver > psychopyVersion:
+                        shown = False
+                # Show/hide button
+                btn.Show(shown)
+                # Count state towards category
+                anyShown = anyShown or shown
+            # Only show category button if there are some buttons
+            self.catLabels[cat].Show(anyShown)
+            # If comp button is set to hide, hide all regardless
+            if not self.catLabels[cat].GetValue():
+                self.catSizers[cat].ShowItems(False)
+
+        # Do sizing
+        self.Layout()
+        self.SetupScrolling(scrollToTop=False)
+
+    def _applyAppTheme(self, target=None):
+        # Style component panel
+        self.SetForegroundColour(colors.app['text'])
+        self.SetBackgroundColour(colors.app['panel_bg'])
+        # Style category labels
+        for lbl in self.catLabels:
+            self.catLabels[lbl].SetForegroundColour(colors.app['text'])
+        # Style filter button
+        self.filterBtn.SetBackgroundColour(colors.app['panel_bg'])
+        icon = icons.ButtonIcon("filter", size=16).bitmap
+        self.filterBtn.SetBitmap(icon)
+        self.filterBtn.SetBitmapCurrent(icon)
+        self.filterBtn.SetBitmapPressed(icon)
+        self.filterBtn.SetBitmapFocus(icon)
+        # Style plugin button
+        self.pluginBtn.SetBackgroundColour(colors.app['panel_bg'])
+        self.pluginBtn.SetForegroundColour(colors.app['text'])
+        icon = icons.ButtonIcon("plus", size=16).bitmap
+        self.pluginBtn.SetBitmap(icon)
+        self.pluginBtn.SetBitmapCurrent(icon)
+        self.pluginBtn.SetBitmapPressed(icon)
+        self.pluginBtn.SetBitmapFocus(icon)
+
+        self.Refresh()
+
+    def addToFavorites(self, comp):
+        name = comp.__name__
+        # Mark component as a favorite
+        self.faveLevels[name] = self.faveThreshold + 1
+        # Repopulate
+        self.populate()
+        # Do sizing
+        self.Layout()
+
+    def removeFromFavorites(self, button):
+        comp = button.component
+        name = comp.__name__
+        # Unmark component as favorite
+        self.faveLevels[name] = 0
+        # Remove button from favorites menu
+        button.Destroy()
+        del self.objectHandles["Favorites"][name]
+        # Do sizing
+        self.Layout()
+
+    def enableComponents(self, enable=True):
+        for button in self.compButtons:
+            button.Enable(enable)
+        self.Update()
+
+    def onFilterBtn(self, evt=None):
+        dlg = self.FilterDialog(self)
+        dlg.ShowModal()
+
+    def onPluginBtn(self, evt=None):
+        dlg = psychopy.app.plugin_manager.dialog.EnvironmentManagerDlg(self)
+        dlg.Show()
+        # Do post-close checks
+        dlg.onClose()
+
+
+class ReadmeFrame(wx.Frame, handlers.ThemeMixin):
+    """Defines construction of the Readme Frame"""
+
+    def __init__(self, parent, filename=None):
+        """
+        A frame for presenting/loading/saving readme files
+        """
+        self.parent = parent
+        try:
+            title = "%s readme" % (parent.exp.name)
+        except AttributeError:
+            title = "readme"
+        self._fileLastModTime = None
+        pos = wx.Point(parent.Position[0] + 80, parent.Position[1] + 80)
+        _style = wx.DEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE | wx.FRAME_FLOAT_ON_PARENT
+        wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, title=title,
+                          size=(600, 500), pos=pos, style=_style)
+        # Setup sizer
+        self.sizer = wx.BoxSizer()
+        self.SetSizer(self.sizer)
+
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_CLOSE, self.onClose)
+        self.Hide()
+        # create icon
+        if sys.platform == 'darwin':
+            pass  # doesn't work and not necessary - handled by app bundle
+        else:
+            iconFile = os.path.join(parent.paths['resources'], 'coder.ico')
+            if os.path.isfile(iconFile):
+                self.SetIcon(wx.Icon(iconFile, wx.BITMAP_TYPE_ICO))
+        self.ctrl = utils.MarkdownCtrl(self, file=filename, style=wx.BOTTOM)
+        self.sizer.Add(self.ctrl, border=6, proportion=1, flag=wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND)
+
+    def show(self, value=True):
+        self.Show(value)
+        if value:
+            self._applyAppTheme()
+
+    def _applyAppTheme(self):
+        from psychopy.app.themes import fonts
+        self.SetBackgroundColour(fonts.coderTheme.base.backColor)
+        self.ctrl.SetBackgroundColour(fonts.coderTheme.base.backColor)
+        self.Update()
+        self.Refresh()
+
+    def onClose(self, evt=None):
+        """
+        Defines behavior on close of the Readme Frame
+        """
+        self.parent.readmeFrame = None
+        self.Destroy()
+
+    def makeMenus(self):
+        """Produces menus for the Readme Frame"""
+
+        # ---Menus---#000000#FFFFFF-------------------------------------------
+        menuBar = wx.MenuBar()
+        # ---_file---#000000#FFFFFF-------------------------------------------
+        self.fileMenu = wx.Menu()
+        menuBar.Append(self.fileMenu, _translate('&File'))
+        menu = self.fileMenu
+        keys = self.parent.app.keys
+        menu.Append(wx.ID_EDIT, _translate("Edit"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.fileEdit, id=wx.ID_EDIT)
+        menu.Append(wx.ID_CLOSE,
+                    _translate("&Close readme\t%s") % keys['close'])
+        item = self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.toggleVisible, id=wx.ID_CLOSE)
+        item = menu.Append(-1,
+                           _translate("&Toggle readme\t%s") % keys[
+                               'toggleReadme'],
+                           _translate("Toggle Readme"))
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.toggleVisible, item)
+        self.SetMenuBar(menuBar)
+
+    def setFile(self, filename):
+        """Sets the readme file found with current builder experiment"""
+        self.filename = self.ctrl.file = filename
+        self.expName = self.parent.exp.getExpName()
+        if not self.expName:
+            self.expName = "untitled"
+        # check we can read
+        if filename is None:  # check if we can write to the directory
+            return False
+        # Path-ise file
+        filename = Path(filename)
+        if not filename.is_file():
+            filename.write_text("")
+            self.filename = filename
+            return False
+        elif not os.access(filename, os.R_OK):
+            msg = "Found readme file (%s) no read permissions"
+            logging.warning(msg % filename)
+            return False
+        # attempt to open
+        try:
+            f = codecs.open(filename, 'r', 'utf-8-sig')
+        except IOError as err:
+            msg = ("Found readme file for %s and appear to have"
+                   " permissions, but can't open")
+            logging.warning(msg % self.expName)
+            logging.warning(err)
+            return False
+            # attempt to read
+        try:
+            readmeText = f.read().replace("\r\n", "\n")
+        except Exception:
+            msg = ("Opened readme file for %s it but failed to read it "
+                   "(not text/unicode?)")
+            logging.error(msg % self.expName)
+            return False
+        f.close()
+        self._fileLastModTime = os.path.getmtime(filename)
+        self.ctrl.setValue(readmeText)
+        self.SetTitle("readme (%s)" % self.expName)
+
+    def refresh(self, evt=None):
+        if hasattr(self, 'filename'):
+            self.setFile(self.filename)
+
+    def fileEdit(self, evt=None):
+        self.parent.app.showCoder()
+        coder = self.parent.app.coder
+        if not self.filename:
+            self.parent.updateReadme()
+        coder.fileOpen(filename=self.filename)
+        # Close README window
+        self.Close()
+
+    def fileSave(self, evt=None):
+        """Defines save behavior for readme frame"""
+        mtime = os.path.getmtime(self.filename)
+        if self._fileLastModTime and mtime > self._fileLastModTime:
+            logging.warning(
+                'readme file has been changed by another program?')
+        txt = self.rawText
+        with codecs.open(self.filename, 'w', 'utf-8-sig') as f:
+            f.write(txt)
+
+    def toggleVisible(self, evt=None):
+        """Defines visibility toggle for readme frame"""
+        if self.IsShown():
+            self.Hide()
+        else:
+            self.Show()
+
+
+class FlowPanel(wx.Panel, handlers.ThemeMixin):
+    def __init__(self, frame, id=-1):
+        wx.Panel.__init__(self, parent=frame)
+        # setup sizer
+        self.sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
+        self.SetSizer(self.sizer)
+        # buttons panel
+        self.btnPanel = ThemedPanel(self)
+        self.btnPanel.sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
+        self.btnPanel.SetSizer(self.btnPanel.sizer)
+        self.sizer.Add(self.btnPanel, border=6, flag=wx.EXPAND | wx.ALL)
+        # canvas
+        self.canvas = FlowCanvas(parent=self, frame=frame)
+        self.sizer.Add(self.canvas, border=0, proportion=1, flag=wx.EXPAND | wx.ALL)
+        # add routine button
+        self.btnInsertRoutine = self.canvas.btnInsertRoutine = HoverButton(
+            self.btnPanel, -1, _translate('Insert Routine'), size=(120, 50),
+            style=wx.BORDER_NONE
+        )
+        self.btnInsertRoutine.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.canvas.onInsertRoutine)
+        self.btnPanel.sizer.Add(self.btnInsertRoutine, border=6, flag=wx.EXPAND | wx.ALL)
+        # add loop button
+        self.btnInsertLoop = self.canvas.btnInsertLoop = HoverButton(
+            self.btnPanel, -1, _translate('Insert Loop'), size=(120, 50),
+            style=wx.BORDER_NONE
+        )
+        self.btnInsertLoop.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.canvas.setLoopPoint1)
+        self.btnPanel.sizer.Add(self.btnInsertLoop, border=6, flag=wx.EXPAND | wx.ALL)
+        # align buttons to top
+        self.btnPanel.sizer.AddStretchSpacer(1)
+
+        self.Layout()
+
+    def _applyAppTheme(self):
+        self.SetBackgroundColour(colors.app['panel_bg'])
+        self.btnPanel.SetBackgroundColour(colors.app['panel_bg'])
+
+        self.Refresh()
+
+
+class FlowCanvas(wx.ScrolledWindow, handlers.ThemeMixin):
+
+    def __init__(self, parent, frame, id=-1):
+        """A panel that shows how the routines will fit together
+        """
+        self.frame = frame
+        self.parent = parent
+        self.app = frame.app
+        self.dpi = self.app.dpi
+        wx.ScrolledWindow.__init__(self, parent, id,
+                                   style=wx.HSCROLL | wx.VSCROLL | wx.BORDER_NONE)
+        self.needUpdate = True
+        self.maxWidth = 50 * self.dpi
+        self.maxHeight = 2 * self.dpi
+        self.mousePos = None
+        # if we're adding a loop or routine then add spots to timeline
+        # self.drawNearestRoutinePoint = True
+        # self.drawNearestLoopPoint = False
+        # lists the x-vals of points to draw, eg loop locations:
+        self.pointsToDraw = []
+        # for flowSize, showLoopInfoInFlow:
+        self.appData = self.app.prefs.appData
+
+        # self.SetAutoLayout(True)
+        self.SetScrollRate(self.dpi // 16, self.dpi // 16)
+
+        # create a PseudoDC to record our drawing
+        self.pdc = PseudoDC()
+        if Version(wx.__version__) < Version('4.0.0a1'):
+            self.pdc.DrawRoundedRectangle = self.pdc.DrawRoundedRectangleRect
+        self.pen_cache = {}
+        self.brush_cache = {}
+        # vars for handling mouse clicks
+        self.hitradius = 5
+        self.dragid = -1
+        self.entryPointPosList = []
+        self.entryPointIDlist = []
+        self.gapsExcluded = []
+        # mode can also be 'loopPoint1','loopPoint2','routinePoint'
+        self.mode = 'normal'
+        self.insertingRoutine = ""
+
+        # for the context menu use the ID of the drawn icon to retrieve
+        # the component (loop or routine)
+        self.componentFromID = {}
+        self.contextMenuLabels = {
+            'remove': _translate('remove'),
+            'rename': _translate('rename')}
+        self.contextMenuItems = ['remove', 'rename']
+        self.contextItemFromID = {}
+        self.contextIDFromItem = {}
+        for item in self.contextMenuItems:
+            id = wx.NewIdRef()
+            self.contextItemFromID[id] = item
+            self.contextIDFromItem[item] = id
+
+        # self.btnInsertRoutine = wx.Button(self,-1,
+        #                                  'Insert Routine', pos=(10,10))
+        # self.btnInsertLoop = wx.Button(self,-1,'Insert Loop', pos=(10,30))
+
+        # use self.appData['flowSize'] to index a tuple to get a specific
+        # value, eg: (4,6,8)[self.appData['flowSize']]
+        self.flowMaxSize = 2  # upper limit on increaseSize
+
+        # bind events
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MOUSE_EVENTS, self.OnMouse)
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MOUSEWHEEL, self.OnScroll)
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_PAINT, self.OnPaint)
+
+        idClear = wx.NewIdRef()
+        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.clearMode, id=idClear)
+        aTable = wx.AcceleratorTable([
+            (wx.ACCEL_NORMAL, wx.WXK_ESCAPE, idClear)
+        ])
+        self.SetAcceleratorTable(aTable)
+
+        # double buffered better rendering except if retina
+        self.SetDoubleBuffered(not self.frame.isRetina)
+
+    def _applyAppTheme(self, target=None):
+        """Apply any changes which have been made to the theme since panel was last loaded"""
+        # Set background
+        self.SetBackgroundColour(colors.app['panel_bg'])
+
+        self.draw()
+
+    def clearMode(self, event=None):
+        """If we were in middle of doing something (like inserting routine)
+        then end it, allowing user to cancel
+        """
+        self.mode = 'normal'
+        self.insertingRoutine = None
+        for id in self.entryPointIDlist:
+            self.pdc.RemoveId(id)
+        self.entryPointPosList = []
+        self.entryPointIDlist = []
+        self.gapsExcluded = []
+        self.draw()
+        self.frame.SetStatusText("")
+        self.btnInsertRoutine.SetLabel(_translate('Insert Routine'))
+        self.btnInsertRoutine.Update()
+        self.btnInsertLoop.SetLabel(_translate('Insert Loop'))
+        self.btnInsertRoutine.Update()
+
+    def ConvertEventCoords(self, event):
+        xView, yView = self.GetViewStart()
+        xDelta, yDelta = self.GetScrollPixelsPerUnit()
+        return (event.GetX() + (xView * xDelta),
+                event.GetY() + (yView * yDelta))
+
+    def OffsetRect(self, r):
+        """Offset the rectangle, r, to appear in the given position
+        in the window
+        """
+        xView, yView = self.GetViewStart()
+        xDelta, yDelta = self.GetScrollPixelsPerUnit()
+        r.Offset((-(xView * xDelta), -(yView * yDelta)))
+
+    def onInsertRoutine(self, evt):
+        """For when the insert Routine button is pressed - bring up
+        dialog and present insertion point on flow line.
+        see self.insertRoutine() for further info
+        """
+        if self.mode.startswith('loopPoint'):
+            self.clearMode()
+        elif self.mode == 'routine':
+            # clicked again with label now being "Cancel..."
+            self.clearMode()
+            return
+        self.frame.SetStatusText(_translate(
+            "Select a Routine to insert (Esc to exit)"))
+        menu = wx.Menu()
+        self.routinesFromID = {}
+        id = wx.NewIdRef()
+        menu.Append(id, '(new)')
+        self.routinesFromID[id] = '(new)'
+        menu.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.insertNewRoutine, id=id)
+        flow = self.frame.exp.flow
+        for name, routine in self.frame.exp.routines.items():
+            id = wx.NewIdRef()
+            item = menu.Append(id, name)
+            # Enable / disable each routine's button according to limits
+            if hasattr(routine, "limit"):
+                limitProgress = 0
+                for rt in flow:
+                    limitProgress += int(isinstance(rt, type(routine)))
+                item.Enable(limitProgress < routine.limit or routine in flow)
+            self.routinesFromID[id] = name
+            menu.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.onInsertRoutineSelect, id=id)
+        self.PopupMenu(menu)
+        menu.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU_CLOSE, self.clearMode)
+        menu.Destroy()  # destroy to avoid mem leak
+
+    def insertNewRoutine(self, event):
+        """selecting (new) is a short-cut for:
+        make new routine, insert it into the flow
+        """
+        newRoutine = self.frame.routinePanel.createNewRoutine()
+        if newRoutine:
+            self.routinesFromID[event.GetId()] = newRoutine
+            self.onInsertRoutineSelect(event)
+        else:
+            self.clearMode()
+
+    def onInsertRoutineSelect(self, event):
+        """User has selected a routine to be entered so bring up the
+        entrypoint marker and await mouse button press.
+        see self.insertRoutine() for further info
+        """
+        self.mode = 'routine'
+        self.btnInsertRoutine.SetLabel(_translate('CANCEL Insert'))
+        self.frame.SetStatusText(_translate(
+            'Click where you want to insert the Routine, or CANCEL insert.'))
+        self.insertingRoutine = self.routinesFromID[event.GetId()]
+        x = self.getNearestGapPoint(0)
+        self.drawEntryPoints([x])
+
+    def insertRoutine(self, ii):
+        """Insert a routine into the Flow knowing its name and location
+
+        onInsertRoutine() the button has been pressed so present menu
+        onInsertRoutineSelect() user selected the name so present entry points
+        OnMouse() user has selected a point on the timeline to insert entry
+
+        """
+        rtn = self.frame.exp.routines[self.insertingRoutine]
+        self.frame.exp.flow.addRoutine(rtn, ii)
+        self.frame.addToUndoStack("ADD Routine `%s`" % rtn.name)
+        # reset flow drawing (remove entry point)
+        self.clearMode()
+        # enable/disable add loop button
+        self.btnInsertLoop.Enable(bool(len(self.frame.exp.flow)))
+
+    def setLoopPoint1(self, evt=None):
+        """Someone pushed the insert loop button.
+        Fetch the dialog
+        """
+        if self.mode == 'routine':
+            self.clearMode()
+        # clicked again, label is "Cancel..."
+        elif self.mode.startswith('loopPoint'):
+            self.clearMode()
+            return
+        self.btnInsertLoop.SetLabel(_translate('CANCEL insert'))
+        self.mode = 'loopPoint1'
+        self.frame.SetStatusText(_translate(
+            'Click where you want the loop to start/end, or CANCEL insert.'))
+        x = self.getNearestGapPoint(0)
+        self.drawEntryPoints([x])
+
+    def setLoopPoint2(self, evt=None):
+        """We have the location of the first point, waiting to get the second
+        """
+        self.mode = 'loopPoint2'
+        self.frame.SetStatusText(_translate(
+            'Click the other end for the loop'))
+        thisPos = self.entryPointPosList[0]
+        self.gapsExcluded = [thisPos]
+        self.gapsExcluded.extend(self.getGapPointsCrossingStreams(thisPos))
+        # is there more than one available point
+        diff = wx.GetMousePosition()[0] - self.GetScreenPosition()[0]
+        x = self.getNearestGapPoint(diff, exclude=self.gapsExcluded)
+        self.drawEntryPoints([self.entryPointPosList[0], x])
+        nAvailableGaps = len(self.gapMidPoints) - len(self.gapsExcluded)
+        if nAvailableGaps == 1:
+            self.insertLoop()  # there's only one place - use it
+
+    def insertLoop(self, evt=None):
+        # bring up listbox to choose the routine to add, and / or a new one
+        loopDlg = DlgLoopProperties(frame=self.frame,
+                                    helpUrl=self.app.urls['builder.loops'])
+        startII = self.gapMidPoints.index(min(self.entryPointPosList))
+        endII = self.gapMidPoints.index(max(self.entryPointPosList))
+        if loopDlg.OK:
+            handler = loopDlg.currentHandler
+            self.frame.exp.flow.addLoop(handler,
+                                        startPos=startII, endPos=endII)
+            action = "ADD Loop `%s` to Flow" % handler.params['name'].val
+            self.frame.addToUndoStack(action)
+        self.clearMode()
+        self.draw()
+
+    def increaseSize(self, event=None):
+        if self.appData['flowSize'] == self.flowMaxSize:
+            self.appData['showLoopInfoInFlow'] = True
+        self.appData['flowSize'] = min(
+            self.flowMaxSize, self.appData['flowSize'] + 1)
+        self.clearMode()  # redraws
+
+    def decreaseSize(self, event=None):
+        if self.appData['flowSize'] == 0:
+            self.appData['showLoopInfoInFlow'] = False
+        self.appData['flowSize'] = max(0, self.appData['flowSize'] - 1)
+        self.clearMode()  # redraws
+
+    def editLoopProperties(self, event=None, loop=None):
+        # add routine points to the timeline
+        self.setDrawPoints('loops')
+        self.draw()
+        if 'conditions' in loop.params:
+            condOrig = loop.params['conditions'].val
+            condFileOrig = loop.params['conditionsFile'].val
+        title = loop.params['name'].val + ' Properties'
+        loopDlg = DlgLoopProperties(frame=self.frame,
+                                    helpUrl=self.app.urls['builder.loops'],
+                                    title=title, loop=loop)
+        if loopDlg.OK:
+            prevLoop = loop
+            if loopDlg.params['loopType'].val == 'staircase':
+                loop = loopDlg.stairHandler
+            elif loopDlg.params['loopType'].val == 'interleaved staircases':
+                loop = loopDlg.multiStairHandler
+            else:
+                # ['random','sequential', 'fullRandom', ]
+                loop = loopDlg.trialHandler
+            # if the loop is a whole new class then we can't just update the
+            # params
+            if loop.getType() != prevLoop.getType():
+                # get indices for start and stop points of prev loop
+                flow = self.frame.exp.flow
+                # find the index of the initiator
+                startII = flow.index(prevLoop.initiator)
+                # minus one because initiator will have been deleted
+                endII = flow.index(prevLoop.terminator) - 1
+                # remove old loop completely
+                flow.removeComponent(prevLoop)
+                # finally insert the new loop
+                flow.addLoop(loop, startII, endII)
+            self.frame.addToUndoStack("EDIT Loop `%s`" %
+                                      (loop.params['name'].val))
+        elif 'conditions' in loop.params:
+            loop.params['conditions'].val = condOrig
+            loop.params['conditionsFile'].val = condFileOrig
+        # remove the points from the timeline
+        self.setDrawPoints(None)
+        self.draw()
+
+    def OnMouse(self, event):
+        x, y = self.ConvertEventCoords(event)
+        handlerTypes = ('StairHandler', 'TrialHandler', 'MultiStairHandler')
+        if self.mode == 'normal':
+            if event.LeftDown():
+                icons = self.pdc.FindObjectsByBBox(x, y)
+                for thisIcon in icons:
+                    # might intersect several and only one has a callback
+                    if thisIcon in self.componentFromID:
+                        comp = self.componentFromID[thisIcon]
+                        if comp.getType() in handlerTypes:
+                            self.editLoopProperties(loop=comp)
+                        if comp.getType() in ['Routine'] + list(getAllStandaloneRoutines()):
+                            self.frame.routinePanel.setCurrentRoutine(
+                                routine=comp)
+            elif event.RightDown():
+                icons = self.pdc.FindObjectsByBBox(x, y)
+                # todo: clean-up remove `comp`, its unused
+                comp = None
+                for thisIcon in icons:
+                    # might intersect several and only one has a callback
+                    if thisIcon in self.componentFromID:
+                        # loop through comps looking for Routine, or a Loop if
+                        # no routine
+                        thisComp = self.componentFromID[thisIcon]
+                        if thisComp.getType() in handlerTypes:
+                            comp = thisComp  # unused
+                            icon = thisIcon
+                        if thisComp.getType() in ['Routine'] + list(getAllStandaloneRoutines()):
+                            comp = thisComp
+                            icon = thisIcon
+                            break  # we've found a Routine so stop looking
+                self.frame.routinePanel.setCurrentRoutine(comp)
+                try:
+                    self._menuComponentID = icon
+                    xy = wx.Point(event.X + self.parent.GetPosition()[0],
+                                  event.Y + self.parent.GetPosition()[1])
+                    self.showContextMenu(self._menuComponentID, xy=xy)
+                except UnboundLocalError:
+                    # right click but not on an icon
+                    # might as well do something
+                    self.Refresh()
+            elif event.Moving():
+                icons = self.pdc.FindObjectsByBBox(x, y)
+                if not icons:
+                    self.frame.SetStatusText("")
+                for thisIcon in icons:
+                    # might intersect several and only one has a callback
+                    if thisIcon in self.componentFromID:
+                        comp = self.componentFromID[thisIcon]
+                        # indicate hover target in bottom bar
+                        if comp.getType() in handlerTypes:
+                            self.frame.SetStatusText(f"Loop ({comp.getType()}): {comp.name}")
+                        else:
+                            self.frame.SetStatusText(f"{comp.getType()}: {comp.name}")
+        elif self.mode == 'routine':
+            if event.LeftDown():
+                pt = self.entryPointPosList[0]
+                self.insertRoutine(ii=self.gapMidPoints.index(pt))
+            else:  # move spot if needed
+                point = self.getNearestGapPoint(mouseX=x)
+                self.drawEntryPoints([point])
+        elif self.mode == 'loopPoint1':
+            if event.LeftDown():
+                self.setLoopPoint2()
+            else:  # move spot if needed
+                point = self.getNearestGapPoint(mouseX=x)
+                self.drawEntryPoints([point])
+        elif self.mode == 'loopPoint2':
+            if event.LeftDown():
+                self.insertLoop()
+            else:  # move spot if needed
+                point = self.getNearestGapPoint(mouseX=x,
+                                                exclude=self.gapsExcluded)
+                self.drawEntryPoints([self.entryPointPosList[0], point])
+
+    def OnScroll(self, evt):
+        xy = self.GetViewStart()
+        delta = int(evt.WheelRotation * self.dpi / 1600)
+        if evt.GetWheelAxis() == wx.MOUSE_WHEEL_VERTICAL:
+            # scroll vertically
+            self.Scroll(xy[0], xy[1] - delta)
+        if evt.GetWheelAxis() == wx.MOUSE_WHEEL_HORIZONTAL:
+            # scroll horizontally
+            self.Scroll(xy[0] + delta, xy[1])
+
+    def getNearestGapPoint(self, mouseX, exclude=()):
+        """Get gap that is nearest to a particular mouse location
+        """
+        d = 1000000000
+        nearest = None
+        for point in self.gapMidPoints:
+            if point in exclude:
+                continue
+            if (point - mouseX) ** 2 < d:
+                d = (point - mouseX) ** 2
+                nearest = point
+        return nearest
+
+    def getGapPointsCrossingStreams(self, gapPoint):
+        """For a given gap point, identify the gap points that are
+        excluded by crossing a loop line
+        """
+        gapArray = numpy.array(self.gapMidPoints)
+        nestLevels = numpy.array(self.gapNestLevels)
+        thisLevel = nestLevels[gapArray == gapPoint]
+        invalidGaps = (gapArray[nestLevels != thisLevel]).tolist()
+        return invalidGaps
+
+    def showContextMenu(self, component, xy):
+        menu = wx.Menu()
+        # get ID
+        # the ID is also the index to the element in the flow list
+        compID = self._menuComponentID
+        flow = self.frame.exp.flow
+        component = flow[compID]
+        compType = component.getType()
+        if compType == 'Routine':
+            for item in self.contextMenuItems:
+                id = self.contextIDFromItem[item]
+                menu.Append(id, self.contextMenuLabels[item])
+                menu.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.onContextSelect, id=id)
+            self.frame.PopupMenu(menu, xy)
+            # destroy to avoid mem leak:
+            menu.Destroy()
+        else:
+            for item in self.contextMenuItems:
+                if item == 'rename':
+                    continue
+                id = self.contextIDFromItem[item]
+                menu.Append(id, self.contextMenuLabels[item])
+                menu.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.onContextSelect, id=id)
+            self.frame.PopupMenu(menu, xy)
+            # destroy to avoid mem leak:
+            menu.Destroy()
+
+    def onContextSelect(self, event):
+        """Perform a given action on the component chosen
+        """
+        # get ID
+        op = self.contextItemFromID[event.GetId()]
+        # the ID is also the index to the element in the flow list
+        compID = self._menuComponentID
+        flow = self.frame.exp.flow
+        component = flow[compID]
+        # if we have a Loop Initiator, remove the whole loop
+        if component.getType() == 'LoopInitiator':
+            component = component.loop
+        if op == 'remove':
+            self.removeComponent(component, compID)
+            self.frame.addToUndoStack(
+                "REMOVE `%s` from Flow" % component.params['name'])
+        if op == 'rename':
+            self.frame.renameRoutine(component)
+
+    def removeComponent(self, component, compID):
+        """Remove either a Routine or a Loop from the Flow
+        """
+        flow = self.frame.exp.flow
+        if component.getType() in ['Routine'] + list(getAllStandaloneRoutines()):
+            # check whether this will cause a collapsed loop
+            # prev and next elements on flow are a loop init/end
+            prevIsLoop = nextIsLoop = False
+            if compID > 0:  # there is at least one preceding
+                prevIsLoop = (flow[compID - 1]).getType() == 'LoopInitiator'
+            if len(flow) > (compID + 1):  # there is at least one more compon
+                nextIsLoop = (flow[compID + 1]).getType() == 'LoopTerminator'
+            if prevIsLoop and nextIsLoop:
+                # because flow[compID+1] is a terminator
+                loop = flow[compID + 1].loop
+                msg = _translate('The "%s" Loop is about to be deleted as '
+                                 'well (by collapsing). OK to proceed?')
+                title = _translate('Impending Loop collapse')
+                warnDlg = dialogs.MessageDialog(
+                    parent=self.frame, message=msg % loop.params['name'],
+                    type='Warning', title=title)
+                resp = warnDlg.ShowModal()
+                if resp in [wx.ID_CANCEL, wx.ID_NO]:
+                    return  # abort
+                elif resp == wx.ID_YES:
+                    # make recursive calls to this same method until success
+                    # remove the loop first
+                    self.removeComponent(loop, compID)
+                    # because the loop has been removed ID is now one less
+                    self.removeComponent(component, compID - 1)
+                    return  # have done the removal in final successful call
+        # remove name from namespace only if it's a loop;
+        # loops exist only in the flow
+        elif 'conditionsFile' in component.params:
+            conditionsFile = component.params['conditionsFile'].val
+            if conditionsFile and conditionsFile not in ['None', '']:
+                try:
+                    trialList, fieldNames = data.importConditions(
+                        conditionsFile, returnFieldNames=True)
+                    for fname in fieldNames:
+                        self.frame.exp.namespace.remove(fname)
+                except Exception:
+                    msg = ("Conditions file %s couldn't be found so names not"
+                           " removed from namespace")
+                    logging.debug(msg % conditionsFile)
+            self.frame.exp.namespace.remove(component.params['name'].val)
+        # perform the actual removal
+        flow.removeComponent(component, id=compID)
+        self.draw()
+        # enable/disable add loop button
+        self.btnInsertLoop.Enable(bool(len(flow)))
+
+    def OnPaint(self, event):
+        # Create a buffered paint DC.  It will create the real
+        # wx.PaintDC and then blit the bitmap to it when dc is
+        # deleted.
+        dc = wx.GCDC(wx.BufferedPaintDC(self))
+        # use PrepareDC to set position correctly
+        self.PrepareDC(dc)
+        # we need to clear the dc BEFORE calling PrepareDC
+        bg = wx.Brush(self.GetBackgroundColour())
+        dc.SetBackground(bg)
+        dc.Clear()
+        # create a clipping rect from our position and size
+        # and the Update Region
+        xv, yv = self.GetViewStart()
+        dx, dy = self.GetScrollPixelsPerUnit()
+        x, y = (xv * dx, yv * dy)
+        rgn = self.GetUpdateRegion()
+        rgn.Offset(x, y)
+        r = rgn.GetBox()
+        # draw to the dc using the calculated clipping rect
+        self.pdc.DrawToDCClipped(dc, r)
+
+    def draw(self, evt=None):
+        """This is the main function for drawing the Flow panel.
+        It should be called whenever something changes in the exp.
+
+        This then makes calls to other drawing functions,
+        like drawEntryPoints...
+        """
+        if not hasattr(self.frame, 'exp'):
+            # we haven't yet added an exp
+            return
+        # retrieve the current flow from the experiment
+        expFlow = self.frame.exp.flow
+        pdc = self.pdc
+
+        # use the ID of the drawn icon to retrieve component (loop or routine)
+        self.componentFromID = {}
+
+        pdc.Clear()  # clear the screen
+        pdc.RemoveAll()  # clear all objects (icon buttons)
+
+        font = self.GetFont()
+
+        # draw the main time line
+        self.linePos = (1 * self.dpi, 0.5 * self.dpi)  # x,y of start
+        gap = self.dpi // (6, 4, 2)[self.appData['flowSize']]
+        dLoopToBaseLine = (15, 25, 43)[self.appData['flowSize']]
+        dBetweenLoops = (20, 24, 30)[self.appData['flowSize']]
+
+        # guess virtual size; nRoutines wide by nLoops high
+        # make bigger than needed and shrink later
+        nRoutines = len(expFlow)
+        nLoops = 0
+        for entry in expFlow:
+            if entry.getType() == 'LoopInitiator':
+                nLoops += 1
+        sizeX = nRoutines * self.dpi * 2
+        sizeY = nLoops * dBetweenLoops + dLoopToBaseLine * 3
+        self.SetVirtualSize(size=(int(sizeX), int(sizeY)))
+
+        # this has type `float` for values, needs to be `int`
+        linePosX, linePosY = [int(x) for x in self.linePos]
+
+        # step through components in flow, get spacing from text size, etc
+        currX = self.linePos[0]  # float
+        lineId = wx.NewIdRef()
+        pdc.SetPen(wx.Pen(colour=colors.app['fl_flowline_bg']))
+        pdc.DrawLine(
+            x1=linePosX - gap,
+            y1=linePosY,
+            x2=linePosX,
+            y2=linePosY)
+
+        # NB the loop is itself the key, value is further info about it
+        self.loops = {}
+        nestLevel = 0
+        maxNestLevel = 0
+        self.gapMidPoints = [currX - gap // 2]
+        self.gapNestLevels = [0]
+        for ii, entry in enumerate(expFlow):
+            if entry.getType() == 'LoopInitiator':
+                # NB the loop is itself the dict key!?
+                self.loops[entry.loop] = {
+                    'init': currX, 'nest': nestLevel, 'id': ii}
+                nestLevel += 1  # start of loop so increment level of nesting
+                maxNestLevel = max(nestLevel, maxNestLevel)
+            elif entry.getType() == 'LoopTerminator':
+                # NB the loop is itself the dict key!
+                self.loops[entry.loop]['term'] = currX
+                nestLevel -= 1  # end of loop so decrement level of nesting
+            elif entry.getType() == 'Routine' or entry.getType() in getAllStandaloneRoutines():
+                # just get currX based on text size, don't draw anything yet:
+                currX = self.drawFlowRoutine(pdc, entry, id=ii,
+                                             pos=[currX, linePosY - 10],
+                                             draw=False)
+            self.gapMidPoints.append(currX + gap // 2)
+            self.gapNestLevels.append(nestLevel)
+            pdc.SetId(lineId)
+            pdc.SetPen(wx.Pen(colour=colors.app['fl_flowline_bg']))
+            pdc.DrawLine(
+                x1=int(currX),
+                y1=linePosY,
+                x2=int(currX + gap),
+                y2=linePosY)
+            currX += gap
+
+        lineRect = wx.Rect(
+            linePosX - 2,
+            linePosY - 2,
+            int(currX) - linePosX + 2,
+            4)
+        pdc.SetIdBounds(lineId, lineRect)
+
+        # draw the loops first:
+        maxHeight = 0
+        for thisLoop in self.loops:
+            thisInit = self.loops[thisLoop]['init']
+            thisTerm = self.loops[thisLoop]['term']
+            thisNest = maxNestLevel - self.loops[thisLoop]['nest'] - 1
+            thisId = self.loops[thisLoop]['id']
+            height = (linePosY + dLoopToBaseLine +
+                      thisNest * dBetweenLoops)
+            self.drawLoop(pdc, thisLoop, id=thisId,
+                          startX=thisInit, endX=thisTerm,
+                          base=linePosY, height=height)
+            self.drawLoopStart(pdc, pos=[thisInit, linePosY])
+            self.drawLoopEnd(pdc, pos=[thisTerm, linePosY])
+            if height > maxHeight:
+                maxHeight = height
+
+        # draw routines second (over loop lines):
+        currX = int(self.linePos[0])
+        for ii, entry in enumerate(expFlow):
+            if entry.getType() == 'Routine' or entry.getType() in getAllStandaloneRoutines():
+                currX = self.drawFlowRoutine(
+                    pdc, entry, id=ii, pos=[currX, linePosY - 10])
+            pdc.SetPen(wx.Pen(wx.Pen(colour=colors.app['fl_flowline_bg'])))
+            pdc.DrawLine(
+                x1=int(currX),
+                y1=linePosY,
+                x2=int(currX + gap),
+                y2=linePosY)
+            currX += gap
+
+        self.SetVirtualSize(size=(currX + 100, maxHeight + 50))
+
+        self.drawLineStart(pdc, (linePosX - gap, linePosY))
+        self.drawLineEnd(pdc, (currX, linePosY))
+
+        # refresh the visible window after drawing (using OnPaint)
+        self.Refresh()
+
+    def drawEntryPoints(self, posList):
+        ptSize = (3, 4, 5)[self.appData['flowSize']]
+        for n, pos in enumerate(posList):
+            pos = int(pos)
+            if n >= len(self.entryPointPosList):
+                # draw for first time
+                id = wx.NewIdRef()
+                self.entryPointIDlist.append(id)
+                self.pdc.SetId(id)
+                self.pdc.SetBrush(wx.Brush(colors.app['fl_flowline_bg']))
+                self.pdc.DrawCircle(pos, int(self.linePos[1]), ptSize)
+                r = self.pdc.GetIdBounds(id)
+                self.OffsetRect(r)
+                self.RefreshRect(r, False)
+            elif pos == self.entryPointPosList[n]:
+                pass  # nothing to see here, move along please :-)
+            else:
+                # move to new position
+                dx = pos - self.entryPointPosList[n]
+                dy = 0
+                r = self.pdc.GetIdBounds(self.entryPointIDlist[n])
+                self.pdc.TranslateId(self.entryPointIDlist[n], int(dx), int(dy))
+                r2 = self.pdc.GetIdBounds(self.entryPointIDlist[n])
+                # combine old and new locations to get redraw area
+                rectToRedraw = r.Union(r2)
+                rectToRedraw.Inflate(4, 4)
+                self.OffsetRect(rectToRedraw)
+                self.RefreshRect(rectToRedraw, False)
+
+        self.entryPointPosList = posList
+        # refresh the visible window after drawing (using OnPaint)
+        self.Refresh()
+
+    def setDrawPoints(self, ptType, startPoint=None):
+        """Set the points of 'routines', 'loops', or None
+        """
+        if ptType == 'routines':
+            self.pointsToDraw = self.gapMidPoints
+        elif ptType == 'loops':
+            self.pointsToDraw = self.gapMidPoints
+        else:
+            self.pointsToDraw = []
+
+    def drawLineStart(self, dc, pos):
+        # draw bar at start of timeline; circle looked bad, offset vertically
+        tmpId = wx.NewIdRef(count=1)
+        dc.SetId(tmpId)
+        ptSize = (9, 9, 12)[self.appData['flowSize']]
+        thic = (1, 1, 2)[self.appData['flowSize']]
+        dc.SetBrush(wx.Brush(colors.app['fl_flowline_bg']))
+        dc.SetPen(wx.Pen(colors.app['fl_flowline_bg']))
+
+        posX, posY = pos
+        dc.DrawPolygon(
+            [[0, -ptSize], [thic, -ptSize], [thic, ptSize], [0, ptSize]],
+            int(posX), int(posY))
+
+    def drawLineEnd(self, dc, pos):
+        # draws arrow at end of timeline
+        tmpId = wx.NewIdRef(count=1)
+        dc.SetId(tmpId)
+        dc.SetBrush(wx.Brush(colors.app['fl_flowline_bg']))
+        dc.SetPen(wx.Pen(colors.app['fl_flowline_bg']))
+
+        posX, posY = pos
+        dc.DrawPolygon([[0, -3], [5, 0], [0, 3]], int(posX), int(posY))
+        # dc.SetIdBounds(tmpId,wx.Rect(pos[0],pos[1]+3,5,6))
+
+    def drawLoopEnd(self, dc, pos, downwards=True):
+        # define the right side of a loop but draw nothing
+        # idea: might want an ID for grabbing and relocating the loop endpoint
+        tmpId = wx.NewIdRef()
+        dc.SetId(tmpId)
+        # dc.SetBrush(wx.Brush(wx.Colour(0,0,0, 250)))
+        # dc.SetPen(wx.Pen(wx.Colour(0,0,0, 255)))
+        size = (3, 4, 5)[self.appData['flowSize']]
+        # if downwards:
+        #   dc.DrawPolygon([[size, 0], [0, size], [-size, 0]],
+        #                  pos[0], pos[1] + 2 * size)  # points down
+        # else:
+        #   dc.DrawPolygon([[size, size], [0, 0], [-size, size]],
+        #   pos[0], pos[1]-3*size)  # points up
+
+        posX, posY = pos
+        doubleSize = int(2 * size)
+        dc.SetIdBounds(tmpId, wx.Rect(
+            int(posX) - size, int(posY) - size,
+            doubleSize,
+            doubleSize))
+
+        return
+
+    def drawLoopStart(self, dc, pos, downwards=True):
+        # draws direction arrow on left side of a loop
+        tmpId = wx.NewIdRef()
+        dc.SetId(tmpId)
+        dc.SetBrush(wx.Brush(colors.app['fl_flowline_bg']))
+        dc.SetPen(wx.Pen(colors.app['fl_flowline_bg']))
+
+        size = (3, 4, 5)[self.appData['flowSize']]
+        offset = (3, 2, 0)[self.appData['flowSize']]
+        posX, posY = [int(x) for x in pos]
+        if downwards:
+            dc.DrawPolygon(
+                [[size, size], [0, 0], [-size, size]],
+                posX, posY + 3 * size - offset)  # points up
+        else:
+            dc.DrawPolygon(
+                [[size, 0], [0, size], [-size, 0]],
+                posX,
+                posY - 4 * size)  # points down
+
+        doubleSize = int(2 * size)
+        dc.SetIdBounds(tmpId, wx.Rect(
+            posX - size,
+            posY - size,
+            doubleSize,
+            doubleSize))
+
+    def drawFlowRoutine(self, dc, routine, id, pos=(0, 0), draw=True):
+        """Draw a box to show a routine on the timeline
+        draw=False is for a dry-run, esp to compute and return size
+        without drawing or setting a pdc ID
+        """
+        name = routine.name
+        if self.appData['flowSize'] == 0 and len(name) > 5:
+            name = ' ' + name[:4] + '..'
+        else:
+            name = ' ' + name + ' '
+        if draw:
+            dc.SetId(id)
+        font = self.GetFont()
+        if sys.platform == 'darwin':
+            fontSizeDelta = (9, 6, 0)[self.appData['flowSize']]
+            font.SetPointSize(1400 // self.dpi - fontSizeDelta)
+        elif sys.platform.startswith('linux'):
+            fontSizeDelta = (6, 4, 0)[self.appData['flowSize']]
+            font.SetPointSize(1400 // self.dpi - fontSizeDelta)
+        else:
+            fontSizeDelta = (8, 4, 0)[self.appData['flowSize']]
+            font.SetPointSize(1000 // self.dpi - fontSizeDelta)
+        # if selected, bold text
+        if routine == self.frame.routinePanel.getCurrentRoutine():
+            font.SetWeight(wx.FONTWEIGHT_BOLD)
+        else:
+            font.SetWeight(wx.FONTWEIGHT_NORMAL)
+
+        maxTime, nonSlip = routine.getMaxTime()
+        if hasattr(routine, "disabled") and routine.disabled:
+            rtFill = colors.app['rt_comp_disabled']
+            rtEdge = colors.app['rt_comp_disabled']
+            rtText = colors.app['fl_routine_fg']
+        elif nonSlip:
+            rtFill = colors.app['fl_routine_bg_nonslip']
+            rtEdge = colors.app['fl_routine_bg_nonslip']
+            rtText = colors.app['fl_routine_fg']
+        else:
+            rtFill = colors.app['fl_routine_bg_slip']
+            rtEdge = colors.app['fl_routine_bg_slip']
+            rtText = colors.app['fl_routine_fg']
+
+        # get size based on text
+        self.SetFont(font)
+        if draw:
+            dc.SetFont(font)
+        w, h = self.GetFullTextExtent(name)[0:2]
+        pos = [int(x) for x in pos]  # explicit type conversion for position
+        pad = (5, 10, 20)[self.appData['flowSize']]
+        # draw box
+        rect = wx.Rect(pos[0], pos[1] + 2 - self.appData['flowSize'],
+                       w + pad, h + pad)
+        endX = pos[0] + w + pad
+        # the edge should match the text, unless selected
+        if draw:
+            dc.SetPen(wx.Pen(wx.Colour(rtEdge[0], rtEdge[1],
+                                       rtEdge[2], wx.ALPHA_OPAQUE)))
+            dc.SetBrush(wx.Brush(rtFill))
+            dc.DrawRoundedRectangle(
+                rect, (4, 6, 8)[self.appData['flowSize']])
+            # draw text
+            dc.SetTextForeground(rtText)
+            dc.DrawLabel(name, rect, alignment=wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)
+            if nonSlip and self.appData['flowSize'] != 0:
+                font.SetPointSize(int(font.GetPointSize() * 0.6))
+                dc.SetFont(font)
+                _align = wx.ALIGN_CENTRE | wx.ALIGN_BOTTOM
+                timeRect = wx.Rect(rect.Left, rect.Top, rect.Width, rect.Height-2)
+                dc.DrawLabel("(%.2fs)" % maxTime, timeRect, alignment=_align)
+
+            self.componentFromID[id] = routine
+            # set the area for this component
+            dc.SetIdBounds(id, rect)
+
+        return endX
+
+    def drawLoop(self, dc, loop, id, startX, endX, base, height,
+                 downwards=True):
+        if downwards:
+            up = -1
+        else:
+            up = +1
+
+        # draw loop itself, as transparent rect with curved corners
+        tmpId = wx.NewIdRef()
+        dc.SetId(tmpId)
+        # extra distance, in both h and w for curve
+        curve = (6, 11, 15)[self.appData['flowSize']]
+        # convert args types to `int`
+        startX, endX, base, height = [
+            int(x) for x in (startX, endX, base, height)]
+
+        yy = [base, height + curve * up, height +
+              curve * up // 2, height]  # for area
+        dc.SetPen(wx.Pen(colors.app['fl_flowline_bg']))
+        vertOffset = 0  # 1 is interesting too
+        area = wx.Rect(startX, base + vertOffset,
+                       endX - startX, max(yy) - min(yy))
+        dc.SetBrush(wx.Brush(wx.Colour(0, 0, 0, 0), style=wx.TRANSPARENT))
+        # draws outline:
+        dc.DrawRoundedRectangle(area, curve)
+        dc.SetIdBounds(tmpId, area)
+
+        flowsize = self.appData['flowSize']  # 0, 1, or 2
+
+        # add a name label, loop info, except at smallest size
+        name = loop.params['name'].val
+        _show = self.appData['showLoopInfoInFlow']
+        if _show and flowsize:
+            _cond = 'conditions' in list(loop.params)
+            if _cond and loop.params['conditions'].val:
+                xnumTrials = 'x' + str(len(loop.params['conditions'].val))
+            else:
+                xnumTrials = ''
+            name += '  (' + str(loop.params['nReps'].val) + xnumTrials
+            abbrev = ['',  # for flowsize == 0
+                      {'random': 'rand.',
+                       'sequential': 'sequ.',
+                       'fullRandom': 'f-ran.',
+                       'staircase': 'stair.',
+                       'interleaved staircases': "int-str."},
+                      {'random': 'random',
+                       'sequential': 'sequential',
+                       'fullRandom': 'fullRandom',
+                       'staircase': 'staircase',
+                       'interleaved staircases': "interl'vd stairs"}]
+            name += ' ' + abbrev[flowsize][loop.params['loopType'].val] + ')'
+        if flowsize == 0:
+            if len(name) > 9:
+                name = ' ' + name[:8] + '..'
+            else:
+                name = ' ' + name[:9]
+        else:
+            name = ' ' + name + ' '
+
+        dc.SetId(id)
+        font = self.GetFont()
+        font.SetWeight(wx.FONTWEIGHT_NORMAL)
+        if sys.platform == 'darwin':
+            basePtSize = (650, 750, 900)[flowsize]
+        elif sys.platform.startswith('linux'):
+            basePtSize = (750, 850, 1000)[flowsize]
+        else:
+            basePtSize = (700, 750, 800)[flowsize]
+        font.SetPointSize(basePtSize // self.dpi)
+        self.SetFont(font)
+        dc.SetFont(font)
+
+        # get size based on text
+        pad = (5, 8, 10)[self.appData['flowSize']]
+        w, h = self.GetFullTextExtent(name)[0:2]
+        x = startX + (endX - startX) // 2 - w // 2 - pad // 2
+        y = (height - h // 2)
+
+        # draw box
+        rect = wx.Rect(int(x), int(y), int(w + pad), int(h + pad))
+        # the edge should match the text
+        dc.SetPen(wx.Pen(colors.app['fl_flowline_bg']))
+        # try to make the loop fill brighter than the background canvas:
+        dc.SetBrush(wx.Brush(colors.app['fl_flowline_bg']))
+
+        dc.DrawRoundedRectangle(rect, (4, 6, 8)[flowsize])
+        # draw text
+        dc.SetTextForeground(colors.app['fl_flowline_fg'])
+        dc.DrawText(name, x + pad // 2, y + pad // 2)
+
+        self.componentFromID[id] = loop
+        # set the area for this component
+        dc.SetIdBounds(id, rect)
+
+
+class BuilderRibbon(ribbon.FrameRibbon):
+    def __init__(self, parent):
+        # initialize
+        ribbon.FrameRibbon.__init__(self, parent)
+
+        # --- File ---
+        self.addSection(
+            "file", label=_translate("File"), icon="file"
+        )
+        # file new
+        self.addButton(
+            section="file", name="new", label=_translate("New"), icon="filenew",
+            tooltip=_translate("Create new experiment file"),
+            callback=parent.app.newBuilderFrame
+        )
+        # file open
+        self.addButton(
+            section="file", name="open", label=_translate("Open"), icon="fileopen",
+            tooltip=_translate("Open an existing experiment file"),
+            callback=parent.fileOpen
+        )
+        # file save
+        self.addButton(
+            section="file", name="save", label=_translate("Save"), icon="filesave",
+            tooltip=_translate("Save current experiment file"),
+            callback=parent.fileSave
+        )
+        # file save as
+        self.addButton(
+            section="file", name="saveas", label=_translate("Save as..."), icon="filesaveas",
+            tooltip=_translate("Save current experiment file as..."),
+            callback=parent.fileSaveAs
+        )
+
+        self.addSeparator()
+
+        # --- Edit ---
+        self.addSection(
+            "edit", label=_translate("Edit"), icon="edit"
+        )
+        # undo
+        self.addButton(
+            section="edit", name="undo", label=_translate("Undo"), icon="undo",
+            tooltip=_translate("Undo last action"),
+            callback=parent.undo
+        )
+        # redo
+        self.addButton(
+            section="edit", name="redo", label=_translate("Redo"), icon="redo",
+            tooltip=_translate("Redo last action"),
+            callback=parent.redo
+        )
+        # find
+        self.addButton(
+            section="edit", name="find", label=_translate("Find"), icon="find",
+            tooltip=_translate("Search the whole experiment for a specific term"),
+            callback=parent.onFindInExperiment
+        )
+
+        self.addSeparator()
+
+        # --- Tools ---
+        self.addSection(
+            "experiment", label=_translate("Experiment"), icon="experiment"
+        )
+        # monitor center
+        self.addButton(
+            section="experiment", name='monitor', label=_translate('Monitor center'),
+            icon="monitors",
+            tooltip=_translate("Monitor settings and calibration"),
+            callback=parent.app.openMonitorCenter
+        )
+        # device manager
+        self.addButton(
+            section="experiment", name='devices', label=_translate('Device manager'),
+            icon="devices",
+            tooltip=_translate("Map devices from this machine to names in your experiment"),
+            callback=parent.openDeviceManager
+        )
+        # settings
+        self.addButton(
+            section="experiment", name='expsettings', label=_translate('Experiment settings'), icon="expsettings",
+            tooltip=_translate("Edit experiment settings"),
+            callback=parent.setExperimentSettings
+        )
+        # switch run/pilot
+        self.addSwitchCtrl(
+            section="experiment", name="pyswitch",
+            labels=(_translate("Pilot"), _translate("Run")),
+            startMode=0, callback=parent.onRunModeToggle,
+            style=wx.HORIZONTAL
+        )
+        # send to runner
+        self.addButton(
+            section="experiment", name='sendRunner', label=_translate('Runner'), icon="runner",
+            tooltip=_translate("Send experiment to Runner"),
+            callback=parent.sendToRunner
+        )
+        # send to runner (pilot icon)
+        self.addButton(
+            section="experiment", name='pilotRunner', label=_translate('Runner'),
+            icon="runnerPilot",
+            tooltip=_translate("Send experiment to Runner"),
+            callback=parent.sendToRunner
+        )
+
+        self.addSeparator()
+
+        # --- Python ---
+        self.addSection(
+            "py", label=_translate("Desktop"), icon="desktop"
+        )
+        # compile python
+        self.addButton(
+            section="py", name="pycompile", label=_translate('Write Python'), icon='compile_py',
+            tooltip=_translate("Write experiment as a Python script"),
+            callback=parent.compileScript
+        )
+        # pilot Py
+        self.addButton(
+            section="py", name="pypilot", label=_translate("Pilot"), icon='pyPilot',
+            tooltip=_translate("Run the current script in Python with piloting features on"),
+            callback=parent.pilotFile
+        )
+        # run Py
+        self.addButton(
+            section="py", name="pyrun", label=_translate("Run"), icon='pyRun',
+            tooltip=_translate("Run the current script in Python"),
+            callback=parent.runFile
+        )
+
+        self.addSeparator()
+
+        # --- JS ---
+        self.addSection(
+            "browser", label=_translate("Browser"), icon="browser"
+        )
+        # compile JS
+        self.addButton(
+            section="browser", name="jscompile", label=_translate('Write JS'), icon='compile_js',
+            tooltip=_translate("Write experiment as a JavaScript (JS) script"),
+            callback=parent.fileExport
+        )
+        # pilot JS
+        self.addButton(
+            section="browser", name="jspilot", label=_translate("Pilot in browser"),
+            icon='jsPilot',
+            tooltip=_translate("Pilot experiment locally in your browser"),
+            callback=parent.onPavloviaDebug
+        )
+        # run JS
+        self.addButton(
+            section="browser", name="jsrun", label=_translate("Run on Pavlovia"), icon='jsRun',
+            tooltip=_translate("Run experiment on Pavlovia"),
+            callback=parent.onPavloviaRun
+        )
+        # sync project
+        self.addButton(
+            section="browser", name="pavsync", label=_translate("Sync"), icon='pavsync',
+            tooltip=_translate("Sync project with Pavlovia"),
+            callback=parent.onPavloviaSync
+        )
+
+        self.addSeparator()
+
+        # --- JS ---
+        self.addSection(
+            "pavlovia", label=_translate("Pavlovia"), icon="pavlovia"
+        )
+        # pavlovia user
+        self.addPavloviaUserCtrl(
+            section="pavlovia", name="pavuser", frame=parent
+        )
+        # pavlovia project
+        self.addPavloviaProjectCtrl(
+            section="pavlovia", name="pavproject", frame=parent
+        )
+
+        self.addSeparator()
+
+        # --- Plugin sections ---
+        self.addPluginSections("psychopy.app.builder")
+
+        # --- Views ---
+        self.addStretchSpacer()
+        self.addSeparator()
+
+        self.addSection(
+            "views", label=_translate("Views"), icon="windows"
+        )
+        # show Builder
+        self.addButton(
+            section="views", name="builder", label=_translate("Show Builder"), icon="showBuilder",
+            tooltip=_translate("Switch to Builder view"),
+            callback=parent.app.showBuilder
+        ).Disable()
+        # show Coder
+        self.addButton(
+            section="views", name="coder", label=_translate("Show Coder"), icon="showCoder",
+            tooltip=_translate("Switch to Coder view"),
+            callback=parent.app.showCoder
+        )
+        # show Runner
+        self.addButton(
+            section="views", name="runner", label=_translate("Show Runner"), icon="showRunner",
+            tooltip=_translate("Switch to Runner view"),
+            callback=parent.app.showRunner
+        )
+
+def extractText(stream):
+    """Take a byte stream (or any file object of type b?) and return
+
+    :param stream: stream from wx.Process or any byte stream from a file
+    :return: text converted to unicode ready for appending to wx text view
+    """
+    return stream.read().decode('utf-8')