oscura 0.5.1__py3-none-any.whl → 0.7.0__py3-none-any.whl

oscura/export/wireshark_dissector.py

@@ -0,0 +1,746 @@
+"""Wireshark Lua dissector generator from ProtocolSpec.
+
+This module generates functional Wireshark Lua dissectors from ProtocolSpec
+objects (from reverse engineering workflows). The generated dissectors can
+be loaded into Wireshark for interactive protocol analysis and validation.
+
+Features:
+    - Generate working Lua dissectors from ProtocolSpec
+    - Support all field types (uint8, uint16, uint32, string, bytes, enum)
+    - CRC validation in Lua
+    - Test PCAP generation for validation
+    - Lua syntax validation
+
+Example:
+    >>> from oscura.export.wireshark_dissector import (
+    ...     WiresharkDissectorGenerator,
+    ...     DissectorConfig
+    ... )
+    >>> from oscura.workflows.reverse_engineering import ProtocolSpec, FieldSpec
+    >>> spec = ProtocolSpec(
+    ...     name="MyProtocol",
+    ...     baud_rate=115200,
+    ...     frame_format="8N1",
+    ...     sync_pattern="aa55",
+    ...     frame_length=10,
+    ...     fields=[
+    ...         FieldSpec(name="sync", offset=0, size=2, field_type="bytes"),
+    ...         FieldSpec(name="length", offset=2, size=1, field_type="uint8"),
+    ...     ],
+    ...     checksum_type=None,
+    ...     checksum_position=None,
+    ...     confidence=0.95
+    ... )
+    >>> config = DissectorConfig(protocol_name="MyProtocol", port=5000)
+    >>> generator = WiresharkDissectorGenerator(config)
+    >>> dissector_path, pcap_path = generator.generate(
+    ...     spec,
+    ...     sample_messages=[b"\\xaa\\x55\\x08test123"],
+    ...     output_path=Path("myproto.lua")
+    ... )
+
+Installation:
+    Copy the generated .lua file to your Wireshark plugins directory:
+    - Linux: ~/.local/lib/wireshark/plugins/
+    - macOS: ~/.config/wireshark/plugins/
+    - Windows: %APPDATA%\\Wireshark\\plugins\\
+
+References:
+    - Wireshark Lua API: https://wiki.wireshark.org/LuaAPI
+    - Lua Dissectors: https://wiki.wireshark.org/Lua/Dissectors
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+import struct
+import subprocess
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from oscura.utils.validation import validate_protocol_spec
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from oscura.inference.crc_reverse import CRCParameters
+    from oscura.workflows.reverse_engineering import ProtocolSpec
+
+__all__ = ["DissectorConfig", "WiresharkDissectorGenerator"]
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class DissectorConfig:
+    """Configuration for Wireshark dissector generation.
+
+    Attributes:
+        protocol_name: Protocol name for dissector.
+        port: UDP/TCP port number for registration (None for no registration).
+        include_crc_validation: Include CRC validation code in dissector.
+        generate_test_pcap: Generate test PCAP file with sample messages.
+        wireshark_version: Target Wireshark version (default "3.0+").
+    """
+
+    protocol_name: str
+    port: int | None = None
+    include_crc_validation: bool = True
+    generate_test_pcap: bool = True
+    wireshark_version: str = "3.0+"
+
+
+class WiresharkDissectorGenerator:
+    """Generate functional Wireshark Lua dissectors from ProtocolSpec.
+
+    This class converts ProtocolSpec objects (from reverse engineering workflows)
+    into Wireshark Lua dissectors that can be loaded into Wireshark for protocol
+    analysis and validation.
+
+    Features:
+        - All field types (uint8, uint16, uint32, string, bytes, enum)
+        - CRC validation in Lua
+        - Test PCAP generation
+        - Lua syntax validation
+        - UDP/TCP port registration
+
+    Example:
+        >>> config = DissectorConfig(protocol_name="MyProtocol", port=5000)
+        >>> generator = WiresharkDissectorGenerator(config)
+        >>> dissector_path, pcap_path = generator.generate(
+        ...     spec,
+        ...     sample_messages=[b"\\x01\\x02\\x03"],
+        ...     output_path=Path("myproto.lua")
+        ... )
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, config: DissectorConfig) -> None:
+        """Initialize dissector generator.
+
+        Args:
+            config: Dissector generation configuration.
+        """
+        self.config = config
+
+    def generate(
+        self,
+        spec: ProtocolSpec,
+        sample_messages: list[bytes],
+        output_path: Path,
+    ) -> tuple[Path, Path | None]:
+        """Generate Wireshark Lua dissector and optional test PCAP.
+
+        Args:
+            spec: Protocol specification from reverse engineering.
+            sample_messages: Sample protocol messages for test PCAP.
+            output_path: Path for output .lua file.
+
+        Returns:
+            Tuple of (dissector_lua_path, test_pcap_path).
+            test_pcap_path is None if generate_test_pcap is False.
+
+        Raises:
+            ValueError: If spec is invalid or has missing required fields.
+            RuntimeError: If Lua syntax validation fails.
+            OSError: If file writing fails.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> spec = ProtocolSpec(name="test", ...)
+            >>> generator = WiresharkDissectorGenerator(config)
+            >>> lua_path, pcap_path = generator.generate(
+            ...     spec,
+            ...     [b"\\x01\\x02\\x03"],
+            ...     Path("test.lua")
+            ... )
+        """
+        # Validate spec
+        self._validate_spec(spec)
+
+        # Generate Lua code
+        lua_code = self._generate_lua_dissector(spec)
+
+        # Validate Lua syntax
+        if not self._validate_lua_syntax(lua_code):
+            raise RuntimeError("Generated Lua code has syntax errors")
+
+        # Write Lua file
+        output_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+        output_path.write_text(lua_code, encoding="utf-8")
+        logger.info(f"Generated Lua dissector: {output_path}")
+
+        # Generate test PCAP if requested
+        pcap_path = None
+        if self.config.generate_test_pcap and sample_messages:
+            pcap_path = output_path.with_suffix(".pcap")
+            self._generate_test_pcap(sample_messages, pcap_path)
+            logger.info(f"Generated test PCAP: {pcap_path}")
+
+        return output_path, pcap_path
+
+    def _validate_spec(self, spec: ProtocolSpec) -> None:
+        """Validate protocol specification.
+
+        Args:
+            spec: Protocol specification to validate.
+
+        Raises:
+            ValueError: If spec is invalid.
+        """
+        validate_protocol_spec(spec)
+
+        # Validate fields
+        for field in spec.fields:
+            if not field.name:
+                raise ValueError("Field name is required")
+            if field.field_type not in {
+                "uint8",
+                "uint16",
+                "uint32",
+                "bytes",
+                "string",
+                "constant",
+                "checksum",
+            }:
+                raise ValueError(f"Unsupported field type: {field.field_type}")
+
+    def _generate_lua_dissector(self, spec: ProtocolSpec) -> str:
+        """Generate complete Lua dissector code.
+
+        Args:
+            spec: Protocol specification.
+
+        Returns:
+            Complete Lua dissector code as string.
+        """
+        sections = [
+            self._generate_header(spec),
+            self._generate_protocol_declaration(spec),
+            self._generate_field_declarations(spec),
+            self._generate_crc_validator(spec) if self.config.include_crc_validation else "",
+            self._generate_dissector_function(spec),
+            self._generate_registration(spec),
+        ]
+
+        return "\n\n".join(s for s in sections if s)
+
+    def _generate_header(self, spec: ProtocolSpec) -> str:
+        """Generate Lua file header with installation instructions.
+
+        Args:
+            spec: Protocol specification.
+
+        Returns:
+            Lua header comment block.
+        """
+        return f"""-- Wireshark Lua Dissector for {spec.name}
+-- Generated by Oscura on {datetime.now(UTC).isoformat()}
+--
+-- Installation:
+--   Copy this file to your Wireshark plugins directory:
+--   - Linux:   ~/.local/lib/wireshark/plugins/
+--   - macOS:   ~/.config/wireshark/plugins/
+--   - Windows: %APPDATA%\\Wireshark\\plugins\\
+--
+-- Protocol: {spec.name}
+-- Frame Format: {spec.frame_format}
+-- Baud Rate: {spec.baud_rate} bps
+-- Frame Length: {spec.frame_length if spec.frame_length else "Variable"} bytes
+-- Sync Pattern: {spec.sync_pattern}
+-- Checksum: {spec.checksum_type if spec.checksum_type else "None"}
+-- Confidence: {spec.confidence:.2f}
+--
+-- Wireshark Version: {self.config.wireshark_version}
+"""
+
+    def _generate_protocol_declaration(self, spec: ProtocolSpec) -> str:
+        """Generate protocol declaration (Proto object).
+
+        Args:
+            spec: Protocol specification.
+
+        Returns:
+            Lua code for protocol declaration.
+        """
+        proto_var = spec.name.lower().replace(" ", "_").replace("-", "_")
+        return f"""-- Protocol declaration
+local {proto_var}_proto = Proto("{proto_var}", "{spec.name}")"""
+
+    def _generate_field_declarations(self, spec: ProtocolSpec) -> str:
+        """Generate ProtoField declarations for all fields.
+
+        Args:
+            spec: Protocol specification.
+
+        Returns:
+            Lua code for field declarations.
+        """
+        proto_var = spec.name.lower().replace(" ", "_").replace("-", "_")
+        lines = ["-- Field declarations"]
+
+        for field in spec.fields:
+            field_var = f"f_{field.name}"
+            field_path = f"{proto_var}.{field.name}"
+            display_name = field.name.replace("_", " ").title()
+
+            # Determine ProtoField type and base
+            if field.field_type == "uint8":
+                proto_type = "uint8"
+                base = "base.HEX"
+            elif field.field_type == "uint16":
+                proto_type = "uint16"
+                base = "base.HEX"
+            elif field.field_type == "uint32":
+                proto_type = "uint32"
+                base = "base.HEX"
+            elif field.field_type == "string":
+                proto_type = "string"
+                base = "base.UNICODE"
+            elif field.field_type in ("bytes", "constant"):
+                proto_type = "bytes"
+                base = "base.SPACE"
+            else:  # checksum
+                proto_type = "uint16"  # Assume 16-bit checksum
+                base = "base.HEX"
+
+            # Handle enum values
+            if hasattr(field, "enum") and field.enum:
+                # Generate value_string table
+                enum_var = f"vs_{field.name}"
+                lines.append(f"local {enum_var} = {{")
+                for key, value in field.enum.items():
+                    lines.append(f'  [{key}] = "{value}",')
+                lines.append("}")
+                lines.append(
+                    f"local {field_var} = ProtoField.{proto_type}("
+                    f'"{field_path}", "{display_name}", {base}, {enum_var})'
+                )
+            else:
+                lines.append(
+                    f"local {field_var} = ProtoField.{proto_type}("
+                    f'"{field_path}", "{display_name}", {base})'
+                )
+
+        # Register fields with protocol
+        lines.append("")
+        lines.append(f"{proto_var}_proto.fields = {{")
+        for field in spec.fields:
+            lines.append(f"  f_{field.name},")
+        lines.append("}")
+
+        return "\n".join(lines)
+
+    def _generate_crc_validator(self, spec: ProtocolSpec) -> str:
+        """Generate CRC validation function in Lua.
+
+        Args:
+            spec: Protocol specification.
+
+        Returns:
+            Lua CRC validation function code.
+        """
+        if not spec.checksum_type or spec.checksum_type not in ("crc8", "crc16", "crc32"):
+            return ""
+
+        # Get CRC parameters if available
+        crc_info = getattr(spec, "crc_info", None)
+        if crc_info:
+            return self._generate_crc_function_from_params(crc_info)
+
+        # Default CRC implementations for common types
+        if spec.checksum_type == "crc16":
+            return """-- CRC-16-CCITT validation
+function validate_crc16(buffer, offset, length)
+  local crc = 0xFFFF
+  local poly = 0x1021
+
+  for i = 0, length - 1 do
+    local byte = buffer(offset + i, 1):uint()
+    crc = bit32.bxor(crc, bit32.lshift(byte, 8))
+
+    for bit = 0, 7 do
+      if bit32.band(crc, 0x8000) ~= 0 then
+        crc = bit32.band(bit32.bxor(bit32.lshift(crc, 1), poly), 0xFFFF)
+      else
+        crc = bit32.band(bit32.lshift(crc, 1), 0xFFFF)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  return crc
+end"""
+        elif spec.checksum_type == "crc8":
+            return """-- CRC-8 validation
+function validate_crc8(buffer, offset, length)
+  local crc = 0x00
+  local poly = 0x07
+
+  for i = 0, length - 1 do
+    local byte = buffer(offset + i, 1):uint()
+    crc = bit32.bxor(crc, byte)
+
+    for bit = 0, 7 do
+      if bit32.band(crc, 0x80) ~= 0 then
+        crc = bit32.band(bit32.bxor(bit32.lshift(crc, 1), poly), 0xFF)
+      else
+        crc = bit32.band(bit32.lshift(crc, 1), 0xFF)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  return crc
+end"""
+        else:  # crc32
+            return """-- CRC-32 validation
+function validate_crc32(buffer, offset, length)
+  local crc = 0xFFFFFFFF
+  local poly = 0x04C11DB7
+
+  for i = 0, length - 1 do
+    local byte = buffer(offset + i, 1):uint()
+    crc = bit32.bxor(crc, bit32.lshift(byte, 24))
+
+    for bit = 0, 7 do
+      if bit32.band(crc, 0x80000000) ~= 0 then
+        crc = bit32.band(bit32.bxor(bit32.lshift(crc, 1), poly), 0xFFFFFFFF)
+      else
+        crc = bit32.band(bit32.lshift(crc, 1), 0xFFFFFFFF)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  return bit32.bxor(crc, 0xFFFFFFFF)
+end"""
+
+    def _generate_crc_function_from_params(self, crc_info: CRCParameters) -> str:
+        """Generate CRC function from CRCParameters.
+
+        Args:
+            crc_info: CRC parameters from reverse engineering.
+
+        Returns:
+            Lua CRC function code.
+        """
+        width = crc_info.width
+        poly = crc_info.polynomial
+        init = crc_info.init
+        xor_out = crc_info.xor_out
+        mask = (1 << width) - 1
+
+        func_name = f"validate_crc{width}"
+
+        code = [
+            f"-- CRC-{width} validation (Custom parameters)",
+            f"-- Polynomial: 0x{poly:0{width // 4}x}",
+            f"-- Init: 0x{init:0{width // 4}x}",
+            f"-- XorOut: 0x{xor_out:0{width // 4}x}",
+            f"-- ReflectIn: {str(crc_info.reflect_in).lower()}",
+            f"-- ReflectOut: {str(crc_info.reflect_out).lower()}",
+            f"function {func_name}(buffer, offset, length)",
+            f"  local crc = 0x{init:0{width // 4}x}",
+            f"  local poly = 0x{poly:0{width // 4}x}",
+            f"  local mask = 0x{mask:0{width // 4}x}",
+            "  ",
+            "  for i = 0, length - 1 do",
+            "    local byte = buffer(offset + i, 1):uint()",
+        ]
+
+        if crc_info.reflect_in:
+            code.extend(
+                [
+                    "    -- Reflect input byte",
+                    "    local reflected = 0",
+                    "    for b = 0, 7 do",
+                    "      if bit32.band(byte, bit32.lshift(1, b)) ~= 0 then",
+                    "        reflected = bit32.bor(reflected, bit32.lshift(1, 7 - b))",
+                    "      end",
+                    "    end",
+                    "    byte = reflected",
+                ]
+            )
+
+        code.extend(
+            [
+                f"    crc = bit32.bxor(crc, bit32.lshift(byte, {width - 8}))",
+                "    ",
+                "    for bit = 0, 7 do",
+                f"      if bit32.band(crc, 0x{1 << (width - 1):0{width // 4}x}) ~= 0 then",
+                "        crc = bit32.band(bit32.bxor(bit32.lshift(crc, 1), poly), mask)",
+                "      else",
+                "        crc = bit32.band(bit32.lshift(crc, 1), mask)",
+                "      end",
+                "    end",
+                "  end",
+                "  ",
+            ]
+        )
+
+        if crc_info.reflect_out:
+            code.extend(
+                [
+                    "  -- Reflect output CRC",
+                    "  local reflected = 0",
+                    f"  for b = 0, {width - 1} do",
+                    "    if bit32.band(crc, bit32.lshift(1, b)) ~= 0 then",
+                    f"      reflected = bit32.bor(reflected, bit32.lshift(1, {width - 1} - b))",
+                    "    end",
+                    "  end",
+                    "  crc = reflected",
+                ]
+            )
+
+        code.extend(
+            [
+                f"  return bit32.bxor(crc, 0x{xor_out:0{width // 4}x})",
+                "end",
+            ]
+        )
+
+        return "\n".join(code)
+
+    def _generate_dissector_function(self, spec: ProtocolSpec) -> str:
+        """Generate main dissector function.
+
+        Args:
+            spec: Protocol specification.
+
+        Returns:
+            Lua dissector function code.
+        """
+        proto_var = spec.name.lower().replace(" ", "_").replace("-", "_")
+        min_length = spec.frame_length if spec.frame_length else 1
+
+        lines = [
+            "-- Main dissector function",
+            f"function {proto_var}_proto.dissector(buffer, pinfo, tree)",
+            "  -- Check minimum length",
+            f"  if buffer:len() < {min_length} then",
+            "    return 0",
+            "  end",
+            "  ",
+            f'  pinfo.cols.protocol = "{spec.name}"',
+            "  ",
+            f'  local subtree = tree:add({proto_var}_proto, buffer(), "{spec.name}")',
+            "  local offset = 0",
+            "  ",
+        ]
+
+        # Extract fields
+        for field in spec.fields:
+            field_size = field.size if isinstance(field.size, int) else 1
+
+            # Determine buffer reader
+            if field.field_type == "uint8":
+                reader = f"buffer(offset, {field_size}):uint()"
+            elif field.field_type == "uint16" or field.field_type == "uint32":
+                endian = getattr(field, "endian", "big")
+                if endian == "little":
+                    reader = f"buffer(offset, {field_size}):le_uint()"
+                else:
+                    reader = f"buffer(offset, {field_size}):uint()"
+            elif field.field_type == "string":
+                reader = f"buffer(offset, {field_size}):string()"
+            else:  # bytes, constant, checksum
+                reader = f"buffer(offset, {field_size})"
+
+            lines.append(f"  -- Field: {field.name}")
+            lines.append(f"  subtree:add(f_{field.name}, {reader})")
+            lines.append(f"  offset = offset + {field_size}")
+            lines.append("  ")
+
+        # Add CRC validation
+        if spec.checksum_type and spec.checksum_position is not None:
+            width_map = {"crc8": 8, "crc16": 16, "crc32": 32}
+            width = width_map.get(spec.checksum_type, 16)
+            crc_size = width // 8
+
+            if spec.checksum_position == -1:
+                # CRC is at the end
+                lines.extend(
+                    [
+                        "  -- Validate CRC",
+                        f"  local data_length = buffer:len() - {crc_size}",
+                        f"  local computed_crc = validate_crc{width}(buffer, 0, data_length)",
+                        f"  local packet_crc = buffer(data_length, {crc_size}):uint()",
+                        "  if computed_crc == packet_crc then",
+                        f'    subtree:add(buffer(data_length, {crc_size}), "CRC: Valid")',
+                        "  else",
+                        '    subtree:add_expert_info(PI_CHECKSUM, PI_ERROR, "CRC: Invalid")',
+                        "  end",
+                        "  ",
+                    ]
+                )
+
+        lines.extend(
+            [
+                "  return buffer:len()",
+                "end",
+            ]
+        )
+
+        return "\n".join(lines)
+
+    def _generate_registration(self, spec: ProtocolSpec) -> str:
+        """Generate protocol registration code.
+
+        Args:
+            spec: Protocol specification.
+
+        Returns:
+            Lua registration code.
+        """
+        proto_var = spec.name.lower().replace(" ", "_").replace("-", "_")
+
+        if self.config.port is None:
+            return f"""-- Protocol registration (manual)
+-- To use this dissector:
+-- 1. Open Wireshark
+-- 2. Right-click on a packet
+-- 3. Select "Decode As..."
+-- 4. Choose "{spec.name}"
+--
+-- Or register on a specific port by adding:
+-- DissectorTable.get("udp.port"):add(YOUR_PORT, {proto_var}_proto)"""
+
+        return f"""-- Protocol registration
+-- Register on UDP port {self.config.port}
+local udp_port = DissectorTable.get("udp.port")
+udp_port:add({self.config.port}, {proto_var}_proto)
+
+-- Also register on TCP port {self.config.port}
+local tcp_port = DissectorTable.get("tcp.port")
+tcp_port:add({self.config.port}, {proto_var}_proto)"""
+
+    def _validate_lua_syntax(self, lua_code: str) -> bool:
+        """Validate Lua syntax using luac if available.
+
+        Args:
+            lua_code: Lua code to validate.
+
+        Returns:
+            True if syntax is valid or luac not available, False if errors found.
+        """
+        try:
+            # Try to run luac syntax check
+            result = subprocess.run(
+                ["luac", "-p", "-"],
+                input=lua_code.encode("utf-8"),
+                capture_output=True,
+                timeout=5,
+                check=False,
+            )
+            if result.returncode != 0:
+                logger.error(f"Lua syntax error: {result.stderr.decode('utf-8')}")
+                return False
+            logger.info("Lua syntax validation passed")
+            return True
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            # luac not available, skip validation
+            logger.warning("luac not found, skipping Lua syntax validation")
+            return True
+        except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
+            logger.warning("Lua syntax validation timed out")
+            return True
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.warning(f"Lua syntax validation failed: {e}")
+            return True
+
+    def _generate_test_pcap(self, sample_messages: list[bytes], output_path: Path) -> None:
+        """Generate test PCAP file with sample messages.
+
+        Creates a PCAP file with UDP packets containing the sample messages.
+        This allows testing the dissector in Wireshark.
+
+        Args:
+            sample_messages: List of protocol messages to include.
+            output_path: Path for output .pcap file.
+
+        Raises:
+            OSError: If file writing fails.
+        """
+        pcap_data = bytearray(self._build_pcap_header())
+        dst_port = self.config.port if self.config.port else 5000
+
+        for i, message in enumerate(sample_messages):
+            packet = self._build_udp_packet(i, message, dst_port)
+            pcap_data.extend(self._build_packet_header(packet))
+
+        output_path.write_bytes(pcap_data)
+
+    def _build_pcap_header(self) -> bytes:
+        """Build PCAP global header."""
+        return struct.pack(
+            "<IHHIIII",
+            0xA1B2C3D4,
+            2,
+            4,
+            0,
+            0,
+            65535,
+            1,  # Magic, versions, timezone, accuracy, snaplen, linktype
+        )
+
+    def _build_udp_packet(self, index: int, message: bytes, dst_port: int) -> bytes:
+        """Build complete UDP packet with Ethernet/IP/UDP headers."""
+        src_ip = bytes([192, 168, 1, 1])
+        dst_ip = bytes([192, 168, 1, 2])
+
+        eth_header = (
+            bytes([0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF])  # Dst MAC
+            + bytes([0x00, 0x11, 0x22, 0x33, 0x44, 0x55])  # Src MAC
+            + bytes([0x08, 0x00])  # IPv4
+        )
+
+        ip_header = self._build_ip_header(index, len(message), src_ip, dst_ip)
+        udp_header = struct.pack(">HHHH", 50000 + index, dst_port, 8 + len(message), 0)
+
+        return eth_header + ip_header + udp_header + message
+
+    def _build_ip_header(
+        self, packet_id: int, payload_len: int, src_ip: bytes, dst_ip: bytes
+    ) -> bytes:
+        """Build IP header with checksum calculation."""
+        ip_total_length = 20 + 8 + payload_len
+        header = struct.pack(
+            ">BBHHHBBH4s4s", 0x45, 0, ip_total_length, packet_id + 1, 0, 64, 17, 0, src_ip, dst_ip
+        )
+        checksum = self._calculate_ip_checksum(header)
+        return struct.pack(
+            ">BBHHHBBH4s4s",
+            0x45,
+            0,
+            ip_total_length,
+            packet_id + 1,
+            0,
+            64,
+            17,
+            checksum,
+            src_ip,
+            dst_ip,
+        )
+
+    def _build_packet_header(self, packet: bytes) -> bytes:
+        """Build PCAP packet header."""
+        timestamp = int(datetime.now(UTC).timestamp())
+        return struct.pack("<IIII", timestamp, 0, len(packet), len(packet)) + packet
+
+    def _calculate_ip_checksum(self, header: bytes) -> int:
+        """Calculate IP header checksum.
+
+        Args:
+            header: IP header bytes.
+
+        Returns:
+            Checksum value.
+        """
+        # Sum all 16-bit words
+        checksum = 0
+        for i in range(0, len(header), 2):
+            word = (header[i] << 8) + (header[i + 1] if i + 1 < len(header) else 0)
+            checksum += word
+
+        # Add carry bits
+        while checksum >> 16:
+            checksum = (checksum & 0xFFFF) + (checksum >> 16)
+
+        # One's complement
+        return ~checksum & 0xFFFF