numba-cuda 0.22.0__cp312-cp312-manylinux_2_24_aarch64.manylinux_2_28_aarch64.whl

numba_cuda/numba/cuda/cpython/charseq.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1218 @@
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2025 NVIDIA CORPORATION & AFFILIATES. All rights reserved.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
+
+"""Implements operations on bytes and str (unicode) array items."""
+
+import operator
+import numpy as np
+from llvmlite import ir
+
+from numba.cuda import types
+from numba.cuda import cgutils
+from numba.cuda.extending import (
+    overload,
+    overload_method,
+    register_jitable,
+    intrinsic,
+)
+from numba.cuda.core.imputils import Registry
+from numba.cuda.cgutils import is_nonelike
+from numba.cuda.cpython import unicode
+
+registry = Registry("charseq")
+lower = registry.lower
+lower_cast = registry.lower_cast
+
+# bytes and str arrays items are of type CharSeq and UnicodeCharSeq,
+# respectively.  See numpy/types/npytypes.py for CharSeq,
+# UnicodeCharSeq definitions.  The corresponding data models are
+# defined in numpy/datamodel/models.py. Boxing/unboxing of item types
+# are defined in numpy/targets/boxing.py, see box_unicodecharseq,
+# unbox_unicodecharseq, box_charseq, unbox_charseq.
+
+s1_dtype = np.dtype("S1")
+assert s1_dtype.itemsize == 1
+bytes_type = types.Bytes(types.uint8, 1, "C", readonly=True)
+
+# Currently, NumPy supports only UTF-32 arrays but this may change in
+# future and the approach used here for supporting str arrays may need
+# a revision depending on how NumPy will support UTF-8 and UTF-16
+# arrays.
+u1_dtype = np.dtype("U1")
+unicode_byte_width = u1_dtype.itemsize
+unicode_uint = {1: np.uint8, 2: np.uint16, 4: np.uint32}[unicode_byte_width]
+unicode_kind = {
+    1: unicode.PY_UNICODE_1BYTE_KIND,
+    2: unicode.PY_UNICODE_2BYTE_KIND,
+    4: unicode.PY_UNICODE_4BYTE_KIND,
+}[unicode_byte_width]
+
+
+# this is modified version of numba.unicode.make_deref_codegen
+def make_deref_codegen(bitsize):
+    def codegen(context, builder, signature, args):
+        data, idx = args
+        rawptr = cgutils.alloca_once_value(builder, value=data)
+        ptr = builder.bitcast(rawptr, ir.IntType(bitsize).as_pointer())
+        ch = builder.load(builder.gep(ptr, [idx]))
+        return builder.zext(ch, ir.IntType(32))
+
+    return codegen
+
+
+@intrinsic
+def deref_uint8(typingctx, data, offset):
+    sig = types.uint32(data, types.intp)
+    return sig, make_deref_codegen(8)
+
+
+@intrinsic
+def deref_uint16(typingctx, data, offset):
+    sig = types.uint32(data, types.intp)
+    return sig, make_deref_codegen(16)
+
+
+@intrinsic
+def deref_uint32(typingctx, data, offset):
+    sig = types.uint32(data, types.intp)
+    return sig, make_deref_codegen(32)
+
+
+@register_jitable(_nrt=False)
+def charseq_get_code(a, i):
+    """Access i-th item of CharSeq object via code value"""
+    return deref_uint8(a, i)
+
+
+@register_jitable
+def charseq_get_value(a, i):
+    """Access i-th item of CharSeq object via code value.
+
+    null code is interpreted as IndexError
+    """
+    code = charseq_get_code(a, i)
+    if code == 0:
+        raise IndexError("index out of range")
+    return code
+
+
+@register_jitable(_nrt=False)
+def unicode_charseq_get_code(a, i):
+    """Access i-th item of UnicodeCharSeq object via code value"""
+    if unicode_byte_width == 4:
+        return deref_uint32(a, i)
+    elif unicode_byte_width == 2:
+        return deref_uint16(a, i)
+    elif unicode_byte_width == 1:
+        return deref_uint8(a, i)
+    else:
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "unicode_charseq_get_code: unicode_byte_width not in [1, 2, 4]"
+        )
+
+
+@register_jitable
+def unicode_get_code(a, i):
+    """Access i-th item of UnicodeType object."""
+    return unicode._get_code_point(a, i)
+
+
+@register_jitable
+def bytes_get_code(a, i):
+    """Access i-th item of Bytes object."""
+    return a[i]
+
+
+def _get_code_impl(a):
+    if isinstance(a, types.CharSeq):
+        return charseq_get_code
+    elif isinstance(a, types.Bytes):
+        return bytes_get_code
+    elif isinstance(a, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+        return unicode_charseq_get_code
+    elif isinstance(a, types.UnicodeType):
+        return unicode_get_code
+
+
+def _same_kind(a, b):
+    for t in [
+        (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes),
+        (types.UnicodeCharSeq, types.UnicodeType),
+    ]:
+        if isinstance(a, t) and isinstance(b, t):
+            return True
+    return False
+
+
+def _is_bytes(a):
+    return isinstance(a, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes))
+
+
+def is_default(x, default):
+    return x == default or isinstance(x, types.Omitted)
+
+
+@register_jitable
+def unicode_charseq_get_value(a, i):
+    """Access i-th item of UnicodeCharSeq object via unicode value
+
+    null code is interpreted as IndexError
+    """
+    code = unicode_charseq_get_code(a, i)
+    if code == 0:
+        raise IndexError("index out of range")
+    # Return numpy equivalent of `chr(code)`
+    return np.array(code, unicode_uint).view(u1_dtype)[()]
+
+
+#
+# CAST
+#
+# Currently, the following casting operations are supported:
+#   Bytes -> CharSeq                 (ex: a=np.array(b'abc'); a[()] = b'123')
+#   UnicodeType -> UnicodeCharSeq    (ex: a=np.array('abc'); a[()] = '123')
+#   CharSeq -> Bytes                 (ex: a=np.array(b'abc'); b = bytes(a[()]))
+#   UnicodeType -> Bytes             (ex: str('123')._to_bytes())
+#
+# The following casting operations can be implemented when required:
+#   Bytes -> UnicodeCharSeq   (ex: a=np.array('abc'); a[()] = b'123')
+#   UnicodeType -> CharSeq    (ex: a=np.array(b'abc'); a[()] = '123')
+#   UnicodeType -> Bytes      (ex: bytes('123', 'utf8'))
+#
+
+
+@lower_cast(types.Bytes, types.CharSeq)
+def bytes_to_charseq(context, builder, fromty, toty, val):
+    barr = cgutils.create_struct_proxy(fromty)(context, builder, value=val)
+    src = builder.bitcast(barr.data, ir.IntType(8).as_pointer())
+    src_length = barr.nitems
+
+    lty = context.get_value_type(toty)
+    dstint_t = ir.IntType(8)
+    dst_ptr = cgutils.alloca_once(builder, lty)
+    dst = builder.bitcast(dst_ptr, dstint_t.as_pointer())
+
+    dst_length = ir.Constant(src_length.type, toty.count)
+    is_shorter_value = builder.icmp_unsigned("<", src_length, dst_length)
+    count = builder.select(is_shorter_value, src_length, dst_length)
+    with builder.if_then(is_shorter_value):
+        cgutils.memset(
+            builder, dst, ir.Constant(src_length.type, toty.count), 0
+        )
+    with cgutils.for_range(builder, count) as loop:
+        in_ptr = builder.gep(src, [loop.index])
+        in_val = builder.zext(builder.load(in_ptr), dstint_t)
+        builder.store(in_val, builder.gep(dst, [loop.index]))
+
+    return builder.load(dst_ptr)
+
+
+def _make_constant_bytes(context, builder, nbytes):
+    bstr_ctor = cgutils.create_struct_proxy(bytes_type)
+    bstr = bstr_ctor(context, builder)
+
+    if isinstance(nbytes, int):
+        nbytes = ir.Constant(bstr.nitems.type, nbytes)
+
+    bstr.meminfo = context.nrt.meminfo_alloc(builder, nbytes)
+    bstr.nitems = nbytes
+    bstr.itemsize = ir.Constant(bstr.itemsize.type, 1)
+    bstr.data = context.nrt.meminfo_data(builder, bstr.meminfo)
+    bstr.parent = cgutils.get_null_value(bstr.parent.type)
+    # bstr.shape and bstr.strides are not used
+    bstr.shape = cgutils.get_null_value(bstr.shape.type)
+    bstr.strides = cgutils.get_null_value(bstr.strides.type)
+    return bstr
+
+
+@lower_cast(types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)
+def charseq_to_bytes(context, builder, fromty, toty, val):
+    bstr = _make_constant_bytes(context, builder, val.type.count)
+    rawptr = cgutils.alloca_once_value(builder, value=val)
+    ptr = builder.bitcast(rawptr, bstr.data.type)
+    cgutils.memcpy(builder, bstr.data, ptr, bstr.nitems)
+    return bstr
+
+
+@lower_cast(types.UnicodeType, types.Bytes)
+def unicode_to_bytes_cast(context, builder, fromty, toty, val):
+    uni_str = cgutils.create_struct_proxy(fromty)(context, builder, value=val)
+    src1 = builder.bitcast(uni_str.data, ir.IntType(8).as_pointer())
+    notkind1 = builder.icmp_unsigned(
+        "!=", uni_str.kind, ir.Constant(uni_str.kind.type, 1)
+    )
+    src_length = uni_str.length
+
+    with builder.if_then(notkind1):
+        context.call_conv.return_user_exc(
+            builder,
+            ValueError,
+            ("cannot cast higher than 8-bit unicode_type to bytes",),
+        )
+
+    bstr = _make_constant_bytes(context, builder, src_length)
+    cgutils.memcpy(builder, bstr.data, src1, bstr.nitems)
+    return bstr
+
+
+@intrinsic
+def _unicode_to_bytes(typingctx, s):
+    # used in _to_bytes method
+    assert s == types.unicode_type
+    sig = bytes_type(s)
+
+    def codegen(context, builder, signature, args):
+        return unicode_to_bytes_cast(
+            context, builder, s, bytes_type, args[0]
+        )._getvalue()
+
+    return sig, codegen
+
+
+@lower_cast(types.UnicodeType, types.UnicodeCharSeq)
+def unicode_to_unicode_charseq(context, builder, fromty, toty, val):
+    uni_str = cgutils.create_struct_proxy(fromty)(context, builder, value=val)
+    src1 = builder.bitcast(uni_str.data, ir.IntType(8).as_pointer())
+    src2 = builder.bitcast(uni_str.data, ir.IntType(16).as_pointer())
+    src4 = builder.bitcast(uni_str.data, ir.IntType(32).as_pointer())
+    kind1 = builder.icmp_unsigned(
+        "==", uni_str.kind, ir.Constant(uni_str.kind.type, 1)
+    )
+    kind2 = builder.icmp_unsigned(
+        "==", uni_str.kind, ir.Constant(uni_str.kind.type, 2)
+    )
+    kind4 = builder.icmp_unsigned(
+        "==", uni_str.kind, ir.Constant(uni_str.kind.type, 4)
+    )
+    src_length = uni_str.length
+
+    lty = context.get_value_type(toty)
+    dstint_t = ir.IntType(8 * unicode_byte_width)
+    dst_ptr = cgutils.alloca_once(builder, lty)
+    dst = builder.bitcast(dst_ptr, dstint_t.as_pointer())
+
+    dst_length = ir.Constant(src_length.type, toty.count)
+    is_shorter_value = builder.icmp_unsigned("<", src_length, dst_length)
+    count = builder.select(is_shorter_value, src_length, dst_length)
+    with builder.if_then(is_shorter_value):
+        cgutils.memset(
+            builder,
+            dst,
+            ir.Constant(src_length.type, toty.count * unicode_byte_width),
+            0,
+        )
+
+    with builder.if_then(kind1):
+        with cgutils.for_range(builder, count) as loop:
+            in_ptr = builder.gep(src1, [loop.index])
+            in_val = builder.zext(builder.load(in_ptr), dstint_t)
+            builder.store(in_val, builder.gep(dst, [loop.index]))
+
+    with builder.if_then(kind2):
+        if unicode_byte_width >= 2:
+            with cgutils.for_range(builder, count) as loop:
+                in_ptr = builder.gep(src2, [loop.index])
+                in_val = builder.zext(builder.load(in_ptr), dstint_t)
+                builder.store(in_val, builder.gep(dst, [loop.index]))
+        else:
+            context.call_conv.return_user_exc(
+                builder,
+                ValueError,
+                (
+                    "cannot cast 16-bit unicode_type to %s-bit %s"
+                    % (unicode_byte_width * 8, toty)
+                ),
+            )
+
+    with builder.if_then(kind4):
+        if unicode_byte_width >= 4:
+            with cgutils.for_range(builder, count) as loop:
+                in_ptr = builder.gep(src4, [loop.index])
+                in_val = builder.zext(builder.load(in_ptr), dstint_t)
+                builder.store(in_val, builder.gep(dst, [loop.index]))
+        else:
+            context.call_conv.return_user_exc(
+                builder,
+                ValueError,
+                (
+                    "cannot cast 32-bit unicode_type to %s-bit %s"
+                    % (unicode_byte_width * 8, toty)
+                ),
+            )
+
+    return builder.load(dst_ptr)
+
+
+#
+#   Operations on bytes/str array items
+#
+# Implementation note: while some operations need
+# CharSeq/UnicodeCharSeq specific implementations (getitem, len, str,
+# etc), many operations can be supported by casting
+# CharSeq/UnicodeCharSeq objects to Bytes/UnicodeType objects and
+# re-use existing operations.
+#
+# However, in numba more operations are implemented for UnicodeType
+# than for Bytes objects, hence the support for operations with bytes
+# array items will be less complete than for str arrays. Although, in
+# some cases (hash, contains, etc) the UnicodeType implementations can
+# be reused for Bytes objects via using `_to_str` method.
+#
+
+
+@overload(operator.getitem)
+def charseq_getitem(s, i):
+    get_value = None
+    if isinstance(i, types.Integer):
+        if isinstance(s, types.CharSeq):
+            get_value = charseq_get_value
+        if isinstance(s, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+            get_value = unicode_charseq_get_value
+    if get_value is not None:
+        max_i = s.count
+        msg = "index out of range [0, %s]" % (max_i - 1)
+
+        def getitem_impl(s, i):
+            if i < max_i and i >= 0:
+                return get_value(s, i)
+            raise IndexError(msg)
+
+        return getitem_impl
+
+
+@overload(len)
+def charseq_len(s):
+    if isinstance(s, (types.CharSeq, types.UnicodeCharSeq)):
+        get_code = _get_code_impl(s)
+        n = s.count
+        if n == 0:
+
+            def len_impl(s):
+                return 0
+
+            return len_impl
+        else:
+
+            def len_impl(s):
+                # return the index of the last non-null value (numpy
+                # behavior)
+                i = n
+                code = 0
+                while code == 0:
+                    i = i - 1
+                    if i < 0:
+                        break
+                    code = get_code(s, i)
+                return i + 1
+
+            return len_impl
+
+
+@overload(operator.add)
+@overload(operator.iadd)
+def charseq_concat(a, b):
+    if not _same_kind(a, b):
+        return
+    if isinstance(a, types.UnicodeCharSeq) and isinstance(b, types.UnicodeType):
+
+        def impl(a, b):
+            return str(a) + b
+
+        return impl
+    if isinstance(b, types.UnicodeCharSeq) and isinstance(a, types.UnicodeType):
+
+        def impl(a, b):
+            return a + str(b)
+
+        return impl
+    if isinstance(a, types.UnicodeCharSeq) and isinstance(
+        b, types.UnicodeCharSeq
+    ):
+
+        def impl(a, b):
+            return str(a) + str(b)
+
+        return impl
+    if isinstance(a, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)) and isinstance(
+        b, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)
+    ):
+
+        def impl(a, b):
+            return (a._to_str() + b._to_str())._to_bytes()
+
+        return impl
+
+
+@overload(operator.mul)
+def charseq_repeat(a, b):
+    if isinstance(a, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+
+        def wrap(a, b):
+            return str(a) * b
+
+        return wrap
+    if isinstance(b, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+
+        def wrap(a, b):
+            return a * str(b)
+
+        return wrap
+    if isinstance(a, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+
+        def wrap(a, b):
+            return (a._to_str() * b)._to_bytes()
+
+        return wrap
+    if isinstance(b, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+
+        def wrap(a, b):
+            return (a * b._to_str())._to_bytes()
+
+        return wrap
+
+
+@overload(operator.not_)
+def charseq_not(a):
+    if isinstance(a, (types.UnicodeCharSeq, types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+
+        def impl(a):
+            return len(a) == 0
+
+        return impl
+
+
+@overload(operator.eq)
+def charseq_eq(a, b):
+    if not _same_kind(a, b):
+        return
+    left_code = _get_code_impl(a)
+    right_code = _get_code_impl(b)
+    if left_code is not None and right_code is not None:
+
+        def eq_impl(a, b):
+            n = len(a)
+            if n != len(b):
+                return False
+            for i in range(n):
+                if left_code(a, i) != right_code(b, i):
+                    return False
+            return True
+
+        return eq_impl
+
+
+@overload(operator.ne)
+def charseq_ne(a, b):
+    if not _same_kind(a, b):
+        return
+    left_code = _get_code_impl(a)
+    right_code = _get_code_impl(b)
+    if left_code is not None and right_code is not None:
+
+        def ne_impl(a, b):
+            return not (a == b)
+
+        return ne_impl
+
+
+@overload(operator.lt)
+def charseq_lt(a, b):
+    if not _same_kind(a, b):
+        return
+    left_code = _get_code_impl(a)
+    right_code = _get_code_impl(b)
+    if left_code is not None and right_code is not None:
+
+        def lt_impl(a, b):
+            na = len(a)
+            nb = len(b)
+            n = min(na, nb)
+            for i in range(n):
+                ca, cb = left_code(a, i), right_code(b, i)
+                if ca != cb:
+                    return ca < cb
+            return na < nb
+
+        return lt_impl
+
+
+@overload(operator.gt)
+def charseq_gt(a, b):
+    if not _same_kind(a, b):
+        return
+    left_code = _get_code_impl(a)
+    right_code = _get_code_impl(b)
+    if left_code is not None and right_code is not None:
+
+        def gt_impl(a, b):
+            return b < a
+
+        return gt_impl
+
+
+@overload(operator.le)
+def charseq_le(a, b):
+    if not _same_kind(a, b):
+        return
+    left_code = _get_code_impl(a)
+    right_code = _get_code_impl(b)
+    if left_code is not None and right_code is not None:
+
+        def le_impl(a, b):
+            return not (a > b)
+
+        return le_impl
+
+
+@overload(operator.ge)
+def charseq_ge(a, b):
+    if not _same_kind(a, b):
+        return
+    left_code = _get_code_impl(a)
+    right_code = _get_code_impl(b)
+    if left_code is not None and right_code is not None:
+
+        def ge_impl(a, b):
+            return not (a < b)
+
+        return ge_impl
+
+
+@overload(operator.contains)
+def charseq_contains(a, b):
+    if not _same_kind(a, b):
+        return
+    left_code = _get_code_impl(a)
+    right_code = _get_code_impl(b)
+    if left_code is not None and right_code is not None:
+        if _is_bytes(a):
+
+            def contains_impl(a, b):
+                # Ideally, `return bytes(b) in bytes(a)` would be used
+                # here, but numba Bytes does not implement
+                # contains. So, using `unicode_type` implementation
+                # here:
+                return b._to_str() in a._to_str()
+        else:
+
+            def contains_impl(a, b):
+                return str(b) in str(a)
+
+        return contains_impl
+
+
+@overload_method(types.UnicodeCharSeq, "isascii")
+@overload_method(types.CharSeq, "isascii")
+@overload_method(types.Bytes, "isascii")
+def charseq_isascii(s):
+    get_code = _get_code_impl(s)
+
+    def impl(s):
+        for i in range(len(s)):
+            if get_code(s, i) > 127:
+                return False
+        return True
+
+    return impl
+
+
+@overload_method(types.UnicodeCharSeq, "_get_kind")
+@overload_method(types.CharSeq, "_get_kind")
+def charseq_get_kind(s):
+    get_code = _get_code_impl(s)
+
+    def impl(s):
+        max_code = 0
+        for i in range(len(s)):
+            code = get_code(s, i)
+            if code > max_code:
+                max_code = code
+        if max_code > 0xFFFF:
+            return unicode.PY_UNICODE_4BYTE_KIND
+        if max_code > 0xFF:
+            return unicode.PY_UNICODE_2BYTE_KIND
+        return unicode.PY_UNICODE_1BYTE_KIND
+
+    return impl
+
+
+@overload_method(types.UnicodeType, "_to_bytes")
+def unicode_to_bytes_mth(s):
+    """Convert unicode_type object to Bytes object.
+
+    Note: The usage of _to_bytes method can be eliminated once all
+    Python bytes operations are implemented for numba Bytes objects.
+
+    """
+
+    def impl(s):
+        return _unicode_to_bytes(s)
+
+    return impl
+
+
+@overload_method(types.CharSeq, "_to_str")
+@overload_method(types.Bytes, "_to_str")
+def charseq_to_str_mth(s):
+    """Convert bytes array item or bytes instance to UTF-8 str.
+
+    Note: The usage of _to_str method can be eliminated once all
+    Python bytes operations are implemented for numba Bytes objects.
+    """
+    get_code = _get_code_impl(s)
+
+    def tostr_impl(s):
+        n = len(s)
+        is_ascii = s.isascii()
+        result = unicode._empty_string(
+            unicode.PY_UNICODE_1BYTE_KIND, n, is_ascii
+        )
+        for i in range(n):
+            code = get_code(s, i)
+            unicode._set_code_point(result, i, code)
+        return result
+
+    return tostr_impl
+
+
+@overload_method(types.UnicodeCharSeq, "__str__")
+def charseq_str(s):
+    get_code = _get_code_impl(s)
+
+    def str_impl(s):
+        n = len(s)
+        kind = s._get_kind()
+        is_ascii = kind == 1 and s.isascii()
+        result = unicode._empty_string(kind, n, is_ascii)
+        for i in range(n):
+            code = get_code(s, i)
+            unicode._set_code_point(result, i, code)
+        return result
+
+    return str_impl
+
+
+@overload(bytes)
+def charseq_bytes(s):
+    if isinstance(s, types.CharSeq):
+        return lambda s: s
+
+
+@overload_method(types.UnicodeCharSeq, "__hash__")
+def unicode_charseq_hash(s):
+    def impl(s):
+        return hash(str(s))
+
+    return impl
+
+
+@overload_method(types.CharSeq, "__hash__")
+def charseq_hash(s):
+    def impl(s):
+        # Ideally, `return hash(bytes(s))` would be used here but
+        # numba Bytes does not implement hash (yet). However, for a
+        # UTF-8 string `s`, we have hash(bytes(s)) == hash(s), hence,
+        # we can convert CharSeq object to unicode_type and reuse its
+        # hash implementation:
+        return hash(s._to_str())
+
+    return impl
+
+
+@overload_method(types.UnicodeCharSeq, "isupper")
+def unicode_charseq_isupper(s):
+    def impl(s):
+        # workaround unicode_type.isupper bug: it returns int value
+        return not not str(s).isupper()
+
+    return impl
+
+
+@overload_method(types.CharSeq, "isupper")
+def charseq_isupper(s):
+    def impl(s):
+        # return bytes(s).isupper()  # TODO: implement isupper for Bytes
+        return not not s._to_str().isupper()
+
+    return impl
+
+
+@overload_method(types.UnicodeCharSeq, "upper")
+def unicode_charseq_upper(s):
+    def impl(s):
+        return str(s).upper()
+
+    return impl
+
+
+@overload_method(types.CharSeq, "upper")
+def charseq_upper(s):
+    def impl(s):
+        # return bytes(s).upper()  # TODO: implement upper for Bytes
+        return s._to_str().upper()._to_bytes()
+
+    return impl
+
+
+@overload_method(types.UnicodeCharSeq, "find")
+@overload_method(types.CharSeq, "find")
+@overload_method(types.Bytes, "find")
+def unicode_charseq_find(a, b):
+    if isinstance(a, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+        if isinstance(b, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+
+            def impl(a, b):
+                return str(a).find(str(b))
+
+            return impl
+        if isinstance(b, types.UnicodeType):
+
+            def impl(a, b):
+                return str(a).find(b)
+
+            return impl
+    if isinstance(a, types.CharSeq):
+        if isinstance(b, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+
+            def impl(a, b):
+                return a._to_str().find(b._to_str())
+
+            return impl
+    if isinstance(a, types.UnicodeType):
+        if isinstance(b, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+
+            def impl(a, b):
+                return a.find(str(b))
+
+            return impl
+    if isinstance(a, types.Bytes):
+        if isinstance(b, types.CharSeq):
+
+            def impl(a, b):
+                return a._to_str().find(b._to_str())
+
+            return impl
+
+
+@overload_method(types.UnicodeCharSeq, "rfind")
+@overload_method(types.CharSeq, "rfind")
+@overload_method(types.Bytes, "rfind")
+def unicode_charseq_rfind(a, b):
+    if isinstance(a, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+        if isinstance(b, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+
+            def impl(a, b):
+                return str(a).rfind(str(b))
+
+            return impl
+        if isinstance(b, types.UnicodeType):
+
+            def impl(a, b):
+                return str(a).rfind(b)
+
+            return impl
+    if isinstance(a, types.CharSeq):
+        if isinstance(b, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+
+            def impl(a, b):
+                return a._to_str().rfind(b._to_str())
+
+            return impl
+    if isinstance(a, types.UnicodeType):
+        if isinstance(b, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+
+            def impl(a, b):
+                return a.rfind(str(b))
+
+            return impl
+    if isinstance(a, types.Bytes):
+        if isinstance(b, types.CharSeq):
+
+            def impl(a, b):
+                return a._to_str().rfind(b._to_str())
+
+            return impl
+
+
+@overload_method(types.UnicodeCharSeq, "startswith")
+@overload_method(types.CharSeq, "startswith")
+@overload_method(types.Bytes, "startswith")
+def unicode_charseq_startswith(a, b):
+    if isinstance(a, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+        if isinstance(b, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+
+            def impl(a, b):
+                return str(a).startswith(str(b))
+
+            return impl
+        if isinstance(b, types.UnicodeType):
+
+            def impl(a, b):
+                return str(a).startswith(b)
+
+            return impl
+    if isinstance(a, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+        if isinstance(b, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+
+            def impl(a, b):
+                return a._to_str().startswith(b._to_str())
+
+            return impl
+
+
+@overload_method(types.UnicodeCharSeq, "endswith")
+@overload_method(types.CharSeq, "endswith")
+@overload_method(types.Bytes, "endswith")
+def unicode_charseq_endswith(a, b):
+    if isinstance(a, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+        if isinstance(b, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+
+            def impl(a, b):
+                return str(a).endswith(str(b))
+
+            return impl
+        if isinstance(b, types.UnicodeType):
+
+            def impl(a, b):
+                return str(a).endswith(b)
+
+            return impl
+    if isinstance(a, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+        if isinstance(b, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+
+            def impl(a, b):
+                return a._to_str().endswith(b._to_str())
+
+            return impl
+
+
+@register_jitable
+def _map_bytes(seq):
+    return [s._to_bytes() for s in seq]
+
+
+@overload_method(types.UnicodeCharSeq, "split")
+@overload_method(types.CharSeq, "split")
+@overload_method(types.Bytes, "split")
+def unicode_charseq_split(a, sep=None, maxsplit=-1):
+    if not (
+        maxsplit == -1
+        or isinstance(
+            maxsplit, (types.Omitted, types.Integer, types.IntegerLiteral)
+        )
+    ):
+        return None
+    if isinstance(a, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+        if isinstance(sep, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+
+            def impl(a, sep=None, maxsplit=-1):
+                return str(a).split(sep=str(sep), maxsplit=maxsplit)
+
+            return impl
+        if isinstance(sep, types.UnicodeType):
+
+            def impl(a, sep=None, maxsplit=-1):
+                return str(a).split(sep=sep, maxsplit=maxsplit)
+
+            return impl
+        if is_nonelike(sep):
+            if is_default(maxsplit, -1):
+
+                def impl(a, sep=None, maxsplit=-1):
+                    return str(a).split()
+            else:
+
+                def impl(a, sep=None, maxsplit=-1):
+                    return str(a).split(maxsplit=maxsplit)
+
+            return impl
+    if isinstance(a, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+        if isinstance(sep, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+
+            def impl(a, sep=None, maxsplit=-1):
+                return _map_bytes(
+                    a._to_str().split(sep._to_str(), maxsplit=maxsplit)
+                )
+
+            return impl
+        if is_nonelike(sep):
+            if is_default(maxsplit, -1):
+
+                def impl(a, sep=None, maxsplit=-1):
+                    return _map_bytes(a._to_str().split())
+            else:
+
+                def impl(a, sep=None, maxsplit=-1):
+                    return _map_bytes(a._to_str().split(maxsplit=maxsplit))
+
+            return impl
+
+
+# NOT IMPLEMENTED: rsplit
+
+
+@overload_method(types.UnicodeCharSeq, "ljust")
+@overload_method(types.CharSeq, "ljust")
+@overload_method(types.Bytes, "ljust")
+def unicode_charseq_ljust(a, width, fillchar=" "):
+    if isinstance(a, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+        if is_default(fillchar, " "):
+
+            def impl(a, width, fillchar=" "):
+                return str(a).ljust(width)
+
+            return impl
+        elif isinstance(fillchar, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+
+            def impl(a, width, fillchar=" "):
+                return str(a).ljust(width, str(fillchar))
+
+            return impl
+        elif isinstance(fillchar, types.UnicodeType):
+
+            def impl(a, width, fillchar=" "):
+                return str(a).ljust(width, fillchar)
+
+            return impl
+    if isinstance(a, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+        if is_default(fillchar, " ") or is_default(fillchar, b" "):
+
+            def impl(a, width, fillchar=" "):
+                return a._to_str().ljust(width)._to_bytes()
+
+            return impl
+        elif isinstance(fillchar, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+
+            def impl(a, width, fillchar=" "):
+                return a._to_str().ljust(width, fillchar._to_str())._to_bytes()
+
+            return impl
+
+
+@overload_method(types.UnicodeCharSeq, "rjust")
+@overload_method(types.CharSeq, "rjust")
+@overload_method(types.Bytes, "rjust")
+def unicode_charseq_rjust(a, width, fillchar=" "):
+    if isinstance(a, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+        if is_default(fillchar, " "):
+
+            def impl(a, width, fillchar=" "):
+                return str(a).rjust(width)
+
+            return impl
+        elif isinstance(fillchar, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+
+            def impl(a, width, fillchar=" "):
+                return str(a).rjust(width, str(fillchar))
+
+            return impl
+        elif isinstance(fillchar, types.UnicodeType):
+
+            def impl(a, width, fillchar=" "):
+                return str(a).rjust(width, fillchar)
+
+            return impl
+    if isinstance(a, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+        if is_default(fillchar, " ") or is_default(fillchar, b" "):
+
+            def impl(a, width, fillchar=" "):
+                return a._to_str().rjust(width)._to_bytes()
+
+            return impl
+        elif isinstance(fillchar, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+
+            def impl(a, width, fillchar=" "):
+                return a._to_str().rjust(width, fillchar._to_str())._to_bytes()
+
+            return impl
+
+
+@overload_method(types.UnicodeCharSeq, "center")
+@overload_method(types.CharSeq, "center")
+@overload_method(types.Bytes, "center")
+def unicode_charseq_center(a, width, fillchar=" "):
+    if isinstance(a, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+        if is_default(fillchar, " "):
+
+            def impl(a, width, fillchar=" "):
+                return str(a).center(width)
+
+            return impl
+        elif isinstance(fillchar, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+
+            def impl(a, width, fillchar=" "):
+                return str(a).center(width, str(fillchar))
+
+            return impl
+        elif isinstance(fillchar, types.UnicodeType):
+
+            def impl(a, width, fillchar=" "):
+                return str(a).center(width, fillchar)
+
+            return impl
+    if isinstance(a, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+        if is_default(fillchar, " ") or is_default(fillchar, b" "):
+
+            def impl(a, width, fillchar=" "):
+                return a._to_str().center(width)._to_bytes()
+
+            return impl
+        elif isinstance(fillchar, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+
+            def impl(a, width, fillchar=" "):
+                return a._to_str().center(width, fillchar._to_str())._to_bytes()
+
+            return impl
+
+
+@overload_method(types.UnicodeCharSeq, "zfill")
+@overload_method(types.CharSeq, "zfill")
+@overload_method(types.Bytes, "zfill")
+def unicode_charseq_zfill(a, width):
+    if isinstance(a, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+
+        def impl(a, width):
+            return str(a).zfill(width)
+
+        return impl
+    if isinstance(a, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+
+        def impl(a, width):
+            return a._to_str().zfill(width)._to_bytes()
+
+        return impl
+
+
+@overload_method(types.UnicodeCharSeq, "lstrip")
+@overload_method(types.CharSeq, "lstrip")
+@overload_method(types.Bytes, "lstrip")
+def unicode_charseq_lstrip(a, chars=None):
+    if isinstance(a, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+        if is_nonelike(chars):
+
+            def impl(a, chars=None):
+                return str(a).lstrip()
+
+            return impl
+        elif isinstance(chars, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+
+            def impl(a, chars=None):
+                return str(a).lstrip(str(chars))
+
+            return impl
+        elif isinstance(chars, types.UnicodeType):
+
+            def impl(a, chars=None):
+                return str(a).lstrip(chars)
+
+            return impl
+    if isinstance(a, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+        if is_nonelike(chars):
+
+            def impl(a, chars=None):
+                return a._to_str().lstrip()._to_bytes()
+
+            return impl
+        elif isinstance(chars, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+
+            def impl(a, chars=None):
+                return a._to_str().lstrip(chars._to_str())._to_bytes()
+
+            return impl
+
+
+@overload_method(types.UnicodeCharSeq, "rstrip")
+@overload_method(types.CharSeq, "rstrip")
+@overload_method(types.Bytes, "rstrip")
+def unicode_charseq_rstrip(a, chars=None):
+    if isinstance(a, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+        if is_nonelike(chars):
+
+            def impl(a, chars=None):
+                return str(a).rstrip()
+
+            return impl
+        elif isinstance(chars, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+
+            def impl(a, chars=None):
+                return str(a).rstrip(str(chars))
+
+            return impl
+        elif isinstance(chars, types.UnicodeType):
+
+            def impl(a, chars=None):
+                return str(a).rstrip(chars)
+
+            return impl
+    if isinstance(a, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+        if is_nonelike(chars):
+
+            def impl(a, chars=None):
+                return a._to_str().rstrip()._to_bytes()
+
+            return impl
+        elif isinstance(chars, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+
+            def impl(a, chars=None):
+                return a._to_str().rstrip(chars._to_str())._to_bytes()
+
+            return impl
+
+
+@overload_method(types.UnicodeCharSeq, "strip")
+@overload_method(types.CharSeq, "strip")
+@overload_method(types.Bytes, "strip")
+def unicode_charseq_strip(a, chars=None):
+    if isinstance(a, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+        if is_nonelike(chars):
+
+            def impl(a, chars=None):
+                return str(a).strip()
+
+            return impl
+        elif isinstance(chars, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+
+            def impl(a, chars=None):
+                return str(a).strip(str(chars))
+
+            return impl
+        elif isinstance(chars, types.UnicodeType):
+
+            def impl(a, chars=None):
+                return str(a).strip(chars)
+
+            return impl
+    if isinstance(a, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+        if is_nonelike(chars):
+
+            def impl(a, chars=None):
+                return a._to_str().strip()._to_bytes()
+
+            return impl
+        elif isinstance(chars, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+
+            def impl(a, chars=None):
+                return a._to_str().strip(chars._to_str())._to_bytes()
+
+            return impl
+
+
+@overload_method(types.UnicodeCharSeq, "join")
+@overload_method(types.CharSeq, "join")
+@overload_method(types.Bytes, "join")
+def unicode_charseq_join(a, parts):
+    if isinstance(a, types.UnicodeCharSeq):
+        # assuming parts contains UnicodeCharSeq or UnicodeType objects
+        def impl(a, parts):
+            _parts = [str(p) for p in parts]
+            return str(a).join(_parts)
+
+        return impl
+
+    if isinstance(a, (types.CharSeq, types.Bytes)):
+        # assuming parts contains CharSeq or Bytes objects
+        def impl(a, parts):
+            _parts = [p._to_str() for p in parts]
+            return a._to_str().join(_parts)._to_bytes()
+
+        return impl