desdeo 1.2__py3-none-any.whl → 2.0.0__py3-none-any.whl

desdeo/problem/pyomo_evaluator.py

@@ -0,0 +1,468 @@
+"""Defines an evaluator compatible with the Problem JSON format and transforms it into a Pyomo model."""
+
+import itertools
+from collections.abc import Iterable
+from operator import eq as _eq
+from operator import le as _le
+
+import pyomo.environ as pyomo
+
+from desdeo.problem.json_parser import FormatEnum, MathParser
+from desdeo.problem.schema import (
+    Constant,
+    ConstraintTypeEnum,
+    Problem,
+    TensorConstant,
+    TensorVariable,
+    Variable,
+    VariableTypeEnum,
+)
+
+
+class PyomoEvaluatorError(Exception):
+    """Raised when an error within the PyomoEvaluator class is encountered."""
+
+
+class PyomoEvaluator:
+    """Defines an evaluator that transforms an instance of Problem into a pyomo model."""
+
+    def __init__(self, problem: Problem):
+        """Initializes the evaluator.
+
+        Args:
+            problem (Problem): the problem to be transformed in a pyomo model.
+        """
+        model = pyomo.ConcreteModel()
+
+        # set the parser
+        self.parse = MathParser(to_format=FormatEnum.pyomo).parse
+
+        # Add variables
+        model = self.init_variables(problem, model)
+
+        # Add constants, if any
+        if problem.constants is not None:
+            model = self.init_constants(problem, model)
+
+        # Add extra expressions, if any
+        if problem.extra_funcs is not None:
+            model = self.init_extras(problem, model)
+
+        # Add objective function expressions
+        model = self.init_objectives(problem, model)
+
+        # Add constraints, if any
+        if problem.constraints is not None:
+            model = self.init_constraints(problem, model)
+
+        # Add scalarization functions, if any
+        if problem.scalarization_funcs is not None:
+            model = self.init_scalarizations(problem, model)
+
+        self.model = model
+        self.problem = problem
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _bounds_rule(cls, lowerbounds, upperbounds):
+        def bounds_rule(model, *args) -> tuple:
+            indices = tuple(arg - 1 for arg in args)
+
+            lower_value = lowerbounds
+            upper_value = upperbounds
+
+            for index in indices:
+                lower_value = lower_value[index]
+                upper_value = upper_value[index]
+
+            return (lower_value, upper_value)
+
+        return bounds_rule
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _init_rule(cls, initial_values):
+        def init_rule(model, *args):
+            indices = tuple(arg - 1 for arg in args)
+
+            initial_value = initial_values
+
+            for index in indices:
+                initial_value = initial_value[index]
+
+            return initial_value
+
+        return init_rule
+
+    def init_variables(self, problem: Problem, model: pyomo.Model) -> pyomo.Model:
+        """Add variables to the pyomo model.
+
+        Args:
+            problem (Problem): problem from which to extract the variables.
+            model (pyomo.Model): the pyomo model to add the variables to.
+
+        Raises:
+            PyomoEvaluator: when a problem in extracting the variables is encountered.
+                I.e., the bounds of the variables are incorrect or of a non supported type.
+
+        Returns:
+            pyomo.Model: the pyomo model with the variables added as attributes.
+        """
+        for var in problem.variables:
+            if isinstance(var, Variable):
+                # handle regular variables
+                lowerbound = var.lowerbound if var.lowerbound is not None else float("-inf")
+                upperbound = var.upperbound if var.upperbound is not None else float("inf")
+
+                # figure out the variable type
+                match (lowerbound >= 0, upperbound >= 0, var.variable_type):
+                    case (True, True, VariableTypeEnum.integer):
+                        # variable is positive integer
+                        domain = pyomo.NonNegativeIntegers
+                    case (False, False, VariableTypeEnum.integer):
+                        # variable is negative integer
+                        domain = pyomo.NegativeIntegers
+                    case (False, True, VariableTypeEnum.integer):
+                        # variable can be both negative an positive integer
+                        domain = pyomo.Integers
+                    case (True, False, VariableTypeEnum.integer):
+                        # error! lower bound is greater than upper bound
+                        msg = (
+                            f"The lower bound {var.lowerbound} for variable {var.symbol} is greater than the "
+                            f"upper bound {var.upperbound}"
+                        )
+                        raise PyomoEvaluatorError(msg)
+                    case (True, True, VariableTypeEnum.real):
+                        # variable is positive real
+                        domain = pyomo.NonNegativeReals
+                    case (False, False, VariableTypeEnum.real):
+                        # variable is negative real
+                        domain = pyomo.NegativeReals
+                    case (False, True, VariableTypeEnum.real):
+                        # variable can be both negative and positive real
+                        domain = pyomo.Reals
+                    case (True, False, VariableTypeEnum.real):
+                        # error! lower bound is greater than upper bound
+                        msg = (
+                            f"The lower bound {var.lowerbound} for variable {var.symbol} is greater than the "
+                            f"upper bound {var.upperbound}"
+                        )
+                        raise PyomoEvaluatorError(msg)
+                    # TODO: check binary type!
+                    case _:
+                        msg = f"Could not figure out the type for variable {var}."
+                        raise PyomoEvaluatorError(msg)
+
+                # if a variable's initial value is set, use it. Otherwise, check if the lower and upper bounds
+                # are defined, if they are, use the mid-point of the bounds, otherwise use the initial value, which is
+                # None.
+                if var.initial_value is not None:
+                    initial_value = var.initial_value
+                else:
+                    initial_value = (
+                        var.initial_value
+                        if var.lowerbound is None and var.upperbound is None
+                        else (var.lowerbound + var.upperbound) / 2
+                    )
+
+                pyomo_var = pyomo.Var(
+                    name=var.name, initialize=initial_value, bounds=(var.lowerbound, var.upperbound), domain=domain
+                )
+
+            elif isinstance(var, TensorVariable):
+                # handle tensor variables, i.e., vectors etc..
+                # create the needed range sets
+                index_sets = [pyomo.RangeSet(1, dim_size) for dim_size in var.shape]
+
+                # TODO: check domain properly
+                if var.variable_type == VariableTypeEnum.binary:
+                    domain = pyomo.Binary
+                elif var.variable_type == VariableTypeEnum.integer:
+                    domain = pyomo.Integers
+                else:
+                    domain = pyomo.Reals
+
+                # create the Var
+                pyomo_var = pyomo.Var(
+                    *index_sets,
+                    name=var.name,
+                    initialize=self._init_rule(var.get_initial_values()),
+                    bounds=self._bounds_rule(var.get_lowerbound_values(), var.get_upperbound_values()),
+                    domain=domain,
+                )
+
+            else:
+                msg = f"Unsupported variable type '{type(var)} encountered."
+                raise PyomoEvaluatorError(msg)
+
+            # add and then construct the variable
+            setattr(model, var.symbol, pyomo_var)
+            getattr(model, var.symbol).construct()
+
+        return model
+
+    def init_constants(self, problem: Problem, model: pyomo.Model) -> pyomo.Model:
+        """Add constants to a pyomo model.
+
+        Args:
+            problem (Problem): problem from which to extract the constants.
+            model (pyomo.Model): the pyomo model to add the constants to.
+
+        Raises:
+            PyomoEvaluatorError: when the domain of a constant cannot be figured out.
+
+        Returns:
+            pyomo.Model: the pyomo model with the constants added as attributes.
+        """
+        for con in problem.constants:
+            # Handle regular constnants
+            if isinstance(con, Constant):
+                # figure out the domain of the constant
+                match (isinstance(con.value, int), isinstance(con.value, float), con.value >= 0):
+                    case (True, False, True):
+                        # positive integer
+                        domain = pyomo.NonNegativeIntegers
+                    case (True, False, False):
+                        # negative integer
+                        domain = pyomo.NegativeIntegers
+                    case (False, True, True):
+                        # positive real
+                        domain = pyomo.NonNegativeReals
+                    case (False, True, False):
+                        # negative real
+                        domain = pyomo.NegativeReals
+                    case _:
+                        # not possible, something went wrong
+                        msg = f"Failed to figure out the domain for the constant {con.symbol}."
+                        raise PyomoEvaluatorError(msg)
+
+                pyomo_param = pyomo.Param(name=con.name, default=con.value, domain=domain)
+
+            elif isinstance(con, TensorConstant):
+                # handle TensorConstants, like vectors
+                # create the needed range sets
+                index_sets = [pyomo.RangeSet(1, dim_size) for dim_size in con.shape]
+
+                # TODO: check domain properly
+                # for now, constants are always assumed to be real (which is quite safe to do...)
+                domain = pyomo.Reals
+
+                # create the Con
+                pyomo_param = pyomo.Param(
+                    *index_sets,
+                    name=con.name,
+                    initialize=self._init_rule(con.get_values()),
+                    domain=domain,
+                )
+            else:
+                msg = f"Unsupported constant type '{type(con)}' encountered."
+                raise PyomoEvaluatorError(msg)
+
+            setattr(model, con.symbol, pyomo_param)
+
+        return model
+
+    def init_extras(self, problem: Problem, model: pyomo.Model) -> pyomo.Model:
+        """Add extra function expressions to a pyomo model.
+
+        Args:
+            problem (Problem): problem from which the extract the extra function expressions.
+            model (pyomo.Model): the pyomo model to add the extra function expressions to.
+
+        Returns:
+            pyomo.Model: the pyomo model with the expressions added as attributes.
+        """
+        for extra in problem.extra_funcs:
+            pyomo_expr = self.parse(extra.func, model)
+
+            setattr(model, extra.symbol, pyomo.Expression(expr=pyomo_expr))
+
+        return model
+
+    def init_objectives(self, problem: Problem, model: pyomo.Model) -> pyomo.Model:
+        """Add objective function expressions to a pyomo model.
+
+        Does not yet add any actual pyomo objectives, only the expressions of the objectives.
+        A pyomo solved must add the appropiate pyomo objective before solving.
+
+        Args:
+            problem (Problem): problem from which to extract the objective function expresions.
+            model (pyomo.Model): the pyomo model to add the expressions to.
+
+        Returns:
+            pyomo.Model: the pyomo model with the objective expressions added as pyomo Objectives.
+                The objectives are deactivated by default.
+        """
+        for obj in problem.objectives:
+            pyomo_expr = self.parse(obj.func, model)
+
+            setattr(model, obj.symbol, pyomo.Expression(expr=pyomo_expr))
+
+            # the obj.symbol_min objectives are used when optimizing and building scalarizations etc...
+            new_expr = (-1) * pyomo_expr if obj.maximize else pyomo_expr
+            setattr(model, f"{obj.symbol}_min", pyomo.Expression(expr=new_expr))
+
+        return model
+
+    def init_constraints(self, problem: Problem, model: pyomo.Model) -> pyomo.Model:
+        """Add constraint expressions to a pyomo model.
+
+        Args:
+            problem (Problem): the problem from which to extract the constraint function expressions.
+            model (pyomo.Model): the pyomo model to add the exprssions to.
+
+        Raises:
+            PyomoEvaluatorError: when an unsupported constraint type is encountered.
+
+        Returns:
+            pyomo.Model: the pyomo model with the constraint expressions added as pyomo Constraints.
+        """
+        for cons in problem.constraints:
+            pyomo_expr = self.parse(cons.func, model)
+
+            match con_type := cons.cons_type:
+                case ConstraintTypeEnum.LTE:
+                    # constraints in DESDEO are defined such that they must be less than zero
+                    pyomo_expr = _le(pyomo_expr, 0)
+                case ConstraintTypeEnum.EQ:
+                    pyomo_expr = _eq(pyomo_expr, 0)
+                case _:
+                    msg = f"Constraint type of {con_type} not supported. Must be one of {ConstraintTypeEnum}."
+                    raise PyomoEvaluatorError(msg)
+
+            cons_expr = pyomo.Constraint(expr=pyomo_expr, name=cons.name)
+
+            setattr(model, cons.symbol, cons_expr)
+
+        return model
+
+    def init_scalarizations(self, problem: Problem, model: pyomo.Model) -> pyomo.Model:
+        """Add scalrization expressions to a pyomo model.
+
+        Args:
+            problem (Problem): the problem from which to extract thescalarization function expressions.
+            model (pyomo.Model): the pyomo model to add the expressions to.
+
+        Returns:
+            pyomo.Model: the pyomo model with the scalarization expressions addedd as pyomo Objectives.
+                The objectives are deactivated by default. Scalarization functions are always minimized.
+        """
+        for scal in problem.scalarization_funcs:
+            pyomo_expr = self.parse(scal.func, model)
+
+            setattr(model, scal.symbol, pyomo.Expression(expr=pyomo_expr))
+
+        return model
+
+    def evaluate(
+        self, xs: dict[str, float | int | bool | Iterable[float | int | bool]]
+    ) -> dict[str, float | int | bool | list[dict[str, float | int | bool]]]:
+        """Evaluate the current pyomo model with the given decision variable values.
+
+        Warning:
+            This should not be used for actually solving the pyomo model! For debugging mostly.
+
+        Args:
+            xs (dict[str, float | int | bool | Iterable[float | int | bool]]): a dict with the decision variable symbols
+                as the keys followed by the corresponding decision variable values, which can also
+                be represented by a list for multiple values. The symbols
+                must match the symbols defined for the decision variables defined in the `Problem` being solved.
+                Each list in the dict should contain the same number of values.
+
+        Returns:
+            dict | list[dict]: the results of evaluating the pyomo model with its variable values set to the values
+                found in xs.
+        """
+        res = []
+        n_samples = len(next(iter(xs.values()))) if isinstance(next(iter(xs.values())), list) else 1
+        for i in range(n_samples):
+            for var in self.problem.variables:
+                x = xs[var.symbol][i]
+                if isinstance(var, Variable):
+                    # scalar variable
+                    setattr(self.model, var.symbol, x)
+                else:
+                    # tensor variable
+                    indices = itertools.product(*[range(1, dim + 1) for dim in var.shape])  # 1-based indexing
+                    for idx in indices:
+                        elem = x
+                        for j in idx:
+                            elem = elem[j - 1]  # 0-based indexing
+
+                        getattr(self.model, var.symbol)[idx] = elem  # 1-based indexing
+
+            res.append(self.get_values())
+
+        return res if len(res) > 1 else res[0]
+
+    def get_values(self) -> dict[str, float | int | bool]:  # noqa: C901
+        """Get the values from the pyomo model in dict.
+
+        The keys of the dict will be the symbols defined in the problem utilized to initialize the evaluator.
+
+        Returns:
+            dict[str, float | int | bool]: a dict with keys equivalent to the symbols defined in self.problem.
+        """
+        result_dict = {}
+
+        for var in self.problem.variables:
+            if isinstance(var, Variable):
+                result_dict[var.symbol] = pyomo.value(getattr(self.model, var.symbol))
+            elif isinstance(var, TensorVariable):
+                result_dict[var.symbol] = getattr(self.model, var.symbol).get_values()
+            else:
+                msg = f"Unsupported variable type {type(var)} encountered."
+                raise PyomoEvaluatorError(msg)
+
+        for obj in self.problem.objectives:
+            result_dict[obj.symbol] = pyomo.value(getattr(self.model, obj.symbol))
+
+        if self.problem.constants is not None:
+            for con in self.problem.constants:
+                if isinstance(con, Constant):
+                    result_dict[con.symbol] = pyomo.value(getattr(self.model, con.symbol))
+                elif isinstance(con, TensorConstant):
+                    result_dict[con.symbol] = getattr(self.model, con.symbol).extract_values()
+                else:
+                    msg = f"Unsupported variable type {type(var)} encountered."
+                    raise PyomoEvaluatorError(msg)
+
+        if self.problem.extra_funcs is not None:
+            for extra in self.problem.extra_funcs:
+                result_dict[extra.symbol] = pyomo.value(getattr(self.model, extra.symbol))
+
+        if self.problem.constraints is not None:
+            for const in self.problem.constraints:
+                result_dict[const.symbol] = pyomo.value(getattr(self.model, const.symbol))
+
+        if self.problem.scalarization_funcs is not None:
+            for scal in self.problem.scalarization_funcs:
+                result_dict[scal.symbol] = pyomo.value(getattr(self.model, scal.symbol))
+
+        return result_dict
+
+    def set_optimization_target(self, target: str):
+        """Creates a minimization objective from the target attribute of the pyomo model.
+
+        The attribute name of the pyomo objective will be target + _objective, e.g.,
+        'f_1' will become 'f_1_objective'. This is done so that the original f_1 expressions
+        attribute does not get reassigned.
+
+        Args:
+            target (str): an str representing a symbol.
+
+        Raises:
+            PyomoEvaluatorError: the given target was not an attribute of the pyomo model.
+        """
+        if not hasattr(self.model, target):
+            msg = f"The pyomo model has no attribute {target}."
+            raise PyomoEvaluatorError(msg)
+
+        # delete any existing objectives, if any
+        for obj in self.model.component_objects(pyomo.Objective, active=True):
+            obj.deactivate()
+
+        obj_expr = getattr(self.model, target)
+
+        objective = pyomo.Objective(expr=obj_expr, sense=pyomo.minimize, name=target)
+
+        # add the postfix '_objective' to the attribute name of the pyomo objective
+        setattr(self.model, f"{target}_objective", objective)