thanh-kit 2.5.0

package/templates/skills/frontend-development/resources/component-patterns.md

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+# Component Patterns
+
+Modern React component architecture for the application emphasizing type safety, lazy loading, and Suspense boundaries.
+
+---
+
+## React.FC Pattern (PREFERRED)
+
+### Why React.FC
+
+All components use the `React.FC<Props>` pattern for:
+- Explicit type safety for props
+- Consistent component signatures
+- Clear prop interface documentation
+- Better IDE autocomplete
+
+### Basic Pattern
+
+```typescript
+import React from 'react';
+
+interface MyComponentProps {
+    /** User ID to display */
+    userId: number;
+    /** Optional callback when action occurs */
+    onAction?: () => void;
+}
+
+export const MyComponent: React.FC<MyComponentProps> = ({ userId, onAction }) => {
+    return (
+        <div>
+            User: {userId}
+        </div>
+    );
+};
+
+export default MyComponent;
+```
+
+**Key Points:**
+- Props interface defined separately with JSDoc comments
+- `React.FC<Props>` provides type safety
+- Destructure props in parameters
+- Default export at bottom
+
+---
+
+## Lazy Loading Pattern
+
+### When to Lazy Load
+
+Lazy load components that are:
+- Heavy (DataGrid, charts, rich text editors)
+- Route-level components
+- Modal/dialog content (not shown initially)
+- Below-the-fold content
+
+### How to Lazy Load
+
+```typescript
+import React from 'react';
+
+// Lazy load heavy component
+const PostDataGrid = React.lazy(() =>
+    import('./grids/PostDataGrid')
+);
+
+// For named exports
+const MyComponent = React.lazy(() =>
+    import('./MyComponent').then(module => ({
+        default: module.MyComponent
+    }))
+);
+```
+
+**Example from PostTable.tsx:**
+
+```typescript
+/**
+ * Main post table container component
+ */
+import React, { useState, useCallback } from 'react';
+import { Box, Paper } from '@mui/material';
+
+// Lazy load PostDataGrid to optimize bundle size
+const PostDataGrid = React.lazy(() => import('./grids/PostDataGrid'));
+
+import { SuspenseLoader } from '~components/SuspenseLoader';
+
+export const PostTable: React.FC<PostTableProps> = ({ formId }) => {
+    return (
+        <Box>
+            <SuspenseLoader>
+                <PostDataGrid formId={formId} />
+            </SuspenseLoader>
+        </Box>
+    );
+};
+
+export default PostTable;
+```
+
+---
+
+## Suspense Boundaries
+
+### SuspenseLoader Component
+
+**Import:**
+```typescript
+import { SuspenseLoader } from '~components/SuspenseLoader';
+// Or
+import { SuspenseLoader } from '@/components/SuspenseLoader';
+```
+
+**Usage:**
+```typescript
+<SuspenseLoader>
+    <LazyLoadedComponent />
+</SuspenseLoader>
+```
+
+**What it does:**
+- Shows loading indicator while lazy component loads
+- Smooth fade-in animation
+- Consistent loading experience
+- Prevents layout shift
+
+### Where to Place Suspense Boundaries
+
+**Route Level:**
+```typescript
+// routes/my-route/index.tsx
+const MyPage = lazy(() => import('@/features/my-feature/components/MyPage'));
+
+function Route() {
+    return (
+        <SuspenseLoader>
+            <MyPage />
+        </SuspenseLoader>
+    );
+}
+```
+
+**Component Level:**
+```typescript
+function ParentComponent() {
+    return (
+        <Box>
+            <Header />
+            <SuspenseLoader>
+                <HeavyDataGrid />
+            </SuspenseLoader>
+        </Box>
+    );
+}
+```
+
+**Multiple Boundaries:**
+```typescript
+function Page() {
+    return (
+        <Box>
+            <SuspenseLoader>
+                <HeaderSection />
+            </SuspenseLoader>
+
+            <SuspenseLoader>
+                <MainContent />
+            </SuspenseLoader>
+
+            <SuspenseLoader>
+                <Sidebar />
+            </SuspenseLoader>
+        </Box>
+    );
+}
+```
+
+Each section loads independently, better UX.
+
+---
+
+## Component Structure Template
+
+### Recommended Order
+
+```typescript
+/**
+ * Component description
+ * What it does, when to use it
+ */
+import React, { useState, useCallback, useMemo, useEffect } from 'react';
+import { Box, Paper, Button } from '@mui/material';
+import type { SxProps, Theme } from '@mui/material';
+import { useSuspenseQuery } from '@tanstack/react-query';
+
+// Feature imports
+import { myFeatureApi } from '../api/myFeatureApi';
+import type { MyData } from '~types/myData';
+
+// Component imports
+import { SuspenseLoader } from '~components/SuspenseLoader';
+
+// Hooks
+import { useAuth } from '@/hooks/useAuth';
+import { useMuiSnackbar } from '@/hooks/useMuiSnackbar';
+
+// 1. PROPS INTERFACE (with JSDoc)
+interface MyComponentProps {
+    /** The ID of the entity to display */
+    entityId: number;
+    /** Optional callback when action completes */
+    onComplete?: () => void;
+    /** Display mode */
+    mode?: 'view' | 'edit';
+}
+
+// 2. STYLES (if inline and <100 lines)
+const componentStyles: Record<string, SxProps<Theme>> = {
+    container: {
+        p: 2,
+        display: 'flex',
+        flexDirection: 'column',
+    },
+    header: {
+        mb: 2,
+        display: 'flex',
+        justifyContent: 'space-between',
+    },
+};
+
+// 3. COMPONENT DEFINITION
+export const MyComponent: React.FC<MyComponentProps> = ({
+    entityId,
+    onComplete,
+    mode = 'view',
+}) => {
+    // 4. HOOKS (in this order)
+    // - Context hooks first
+    const { user } = useAuth();
+    const { showSuccess, showError } = useMuiSnackbar();
+
+    // - Data fetching
+    const { data } = useSuspenseQuery({
+        queryKey: ['myEntity', entityId],
+        queryFn: () => myFeatureApi.getEntity(entityId),
+    });
+
+    // - Local state
+    const [selectedItem, setSelectedItem] = useState<string | null>(null);
+    const [isEditing, setIsEditing] = useState(mode === 'edit');
+
+    // - Memoized values
+    const filteredData = useMemo(() => {
+        return data.filter(item => item.active);
+    }, [data]);
+
+    // - Effects
+    useEffect(() => {
+        // Setup
+        return () => {
+            // Cleanup
+        };
+    }, []);
+
+    // 5. EVENT HANDLERS (with useCallback)
+    const handleItemSelect = useCallback((itemId: string) => {
+        setSelectedItem(itemId);
+    }, []);
+
+    const handleSave = useCallback(async () => {
+        try {
+            await myFeatureApi.updateEntity(entityId, { /* data */ });
+            showSuccess('Entity updated successfully');
+            onComplete?.();
+        } catch (error) {
+            showError('Failed to update entity');
+        }
+    }, [entityId, onComplete, showSuccess, showError]);
+
+    // 6. RENDER
+    return (
+        <Box sx={componentStyles.container}>
+            <Box sx={componentStyles.header}>
+                <h2>My Component</h2>
+                <Button onClick={handleSave}>Save</Button>
+            </Box>
+
+            <Paper sx={{ p: 2 }}>
+                {filteredData.map(item => (
+                    <div key={item.id}>{item.name}</div>
+                ))}
+            </Paper>
+        </Box>
+    );
+};
+
+// 7. EXPORT (default export at bottom)
+export default MyComponent;
+```
+
+---
+
+## Component Separation
+
+### When to Split Components
+
+**Split into multiple components when:**
+- Component exceeds 300 lines
+- Multiple distinct responsibilities
+- Reusable sections
+- Complex nested JSX
+
+**Example:**
+
+```typescript
+// ❌ AVOID - Monolithic
+function MassiveComponent() {
+    // 500+ lines
+    // Search logic
+    // Filter logic
+    // Grid logic
+    // Action panel logic
+}
+
+// ✅ PREFERRED - Modular
+function ParentContainer() {
+    return (
+        <Box>
+            <SearchAndFilter onFilter={handleFilter} />
+            <DataGrid data={filteredData} />
+            <ActionPanel onAction={handleAction} />
+        </Box>
+    );
+}
+```
+
+### When to Keep Together
+
+**Keep in same file when:**
+- Component < 200 lines
+- Tightly coupled logic
+- Not reusable elsewhere
+- Simple presentation component
+
+---
+
+## Export Patterns
+
+### Named Const + Default Export (PREFERRED)
+
+```typescript
+export const MyComponent: React.FC<Props> = ({ ... }) => {
+    // Component logic
+};
+
+export default MyComponent;
+```
+
+**Why:**
+- Named export for testing/refactoring
+- Default export for lazy loading convenience
+- Both options available to consumers
+
+### Lazy Loading Named Exports
+
+```typescript
+const MyComponent = React.lazy(() =>
+    import('./MyComponent').then(module => ({
+        default: module.MyComponent
+    }))
+);
+```
+
+---
+
+## Component Communication
+
+### Props Down, Events Up
+
+```typescript
+// Parent
+function Parent() {
+    const [selectedId, setSelectedId] = useState<string | null>(null);
+
+    return (
+        <Child
+            data={data}                    // Props down
+            onSelect={setSelectedId}       // Events up
+        />
+    );
+}
+
+// Child
+interface ChildProps {
+    data: Data[];
+    onSelect: (id: string) => void;
+}
+
+export const Child: React.FC<ChildProps> = ({ data, onSelect }) => {
+    return (
+        <div onClick={() => onSelect(data[0].id)}>
+            {/* Content */}
+        </div>
+    );
+};
+```
+
+### Avoid Prop Drilling
+
+**Use context for deep nesting:**
+```typescript
+// ❌ AVOID - Prop drilling 5+ levels
+<A prop={x}>
+  <B prop={x}>
+    <C prop={x}>
+      <D prop={x}>
+        <E prop={x} />  // Finally uses it here
+      </D>
+    </C>
+  </B>
+</A>
+
+// ✅ PREFERRED - Context or TanStack Query
+const MyContext = createContext<MyData | null>(null);
+
+function Provider({ children }) {
+    const { data } = useSuspenseQuery({ ... });
+    return <MyContext.Provider value={data}>{children}</MyContext.Provider>;
+}
+
+function DeepChild() {
+    const data = useContext(MyContext);
+    // Use data directly
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Advanced Patterns
+
+### Compound Components
+
+```typescript
+// Card.tsx
+export const Card: React.FC<CardProps> & {
+    Header: typeof CardHeader;
+    Body: typeof CardBody;
+    Footer: typeof CardFooter;
+} = ({ children }) => {
+    return <Paper>{children}</Paper>;
+};
+
+Card.Header = CardHeader;
+Card.Body = CardBody;
+Card.Footer = CardFooter;
+
+// Usage
+<Card>
+    <Card.Header>Title</Card.Header>
+    <Card.Body>Content</Card.Body>
+    <Card.Footer>Actions</Card.Footer>
+</Card>
+```
+
+### Render Props (Rare, but useful)
+
+```typescript
+interface DataProviderProps {
+    children: (data: Data) => React.ReactNode;
+}
+
+export const DataProvider: React.FC<DataProviderProps> = ({ children }) => {
+    const { data } = useSuspenseQuery({ ... });
+    return <>{children(data)}</>;
+};
+
+// Usage
+<DataProvider>
+    {(data) => <Display data={data} />}
+</DataProvider>
+```
+
+---
+
+## Summary
+
+**Modern Component Recipe:**
+1. `React.FC<Props>` with TypeScript
+2. Lazy load if heavy: `React.lazy(() => import())`
+3. Wrap in `<SuspenseLoader>` for loading
+4. Use `useSuspenseQuery` for data
+5. Import aliases (@/, ~types, ~components)
+6. Event handlers with `useCallback`
+7. Default export at bottom
+8. No early returns for loading states
+
+**See Also:**
+- [data-fetching.md](data-fetching.md) - useSuspenseQuery details
+- [loading-and-error-states.md](loading-and-error-states.md) - Suspense best practices
+- [complete-examples.md](complete-examples.md) - Full working examples