eslint 8.57.0 → 9.2.0

package/lib/eslint/eslint.js

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * @fileoverview Main API Class
- * @author Kai Cataldo
- * @author Toru Nagashima
+ * @fileoverview Main class using flat config
+ * @author Nicholas C. Zakas
  */
 
 "use strict";
@@ -10,39 +9,61 @@
 // Requirements
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+// Note: Node.js 12 does not support fs/promises.
+const fs = require("fs").promises;
+const { existsSync } = require("fs");
 const path = require("path");
-const fs = require("fs");
-const { promisify } = require("util");
-const { CLIEngine, getCLIEngineInternalSlots } = require("../cli-engine/cli-engine");
-const BuiltinRules = require("../rules");
+const findUp = require("find-up");
+const { version } = require("../../package.json");
+const { Linter } = require("../linter");
+const { getRuleFromConfig } = require("../config/flat-config-helpers");
 const {
     Legacy: {
         ConfigOps: {
             getRuleSeverity
-        }
+        },
+        ModuleResolver,
+        naming
     }
 } = require("@eslint/eslintrc");
-const { version } = require("../../package.json");
+
+const {
+    findFiles,
+    getCacheFile,
+
+    isNonEmptyString,
+    isArrayOfNonEmptyString,
+
+    createIgnoreResult,
+    isErrorMessage,
+
+    processOptions
+} = require("./eslint-helpers");
+const { pathToFileURL } = require("url");
+const { FlatConfigArray } = require("../config/flat-config-array");
+const LintResultCache = require("../cli-engine/lint-result-cache");
+const { Retrier } = require("@humanwhocodes/retry");
+
+/*
+ * This is necessary to allow overwriting writeFile for testing purposes.
+ * We can just use fs/promises once we drop Node.js 12 support.
+ */
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Typedefs
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-/** @typedef {import("../cli-engine/cli-engine").LintReport} CLIEngineLintReport */
-/** @typedef {import("../shared/types").DeprecatedRuleInfo} DeprecatedRuleInfo */
+// For VSCode IntelliSense
 /** @typedef {import("../shared/types").ConfigData} ConfigData */
+/** @typedef {import("../shared/types").DeprecatedRuleInfo} DeprecatedRuleInfo */
 /** @typedef {import("../shared/types").LintMessage} LintMessage */
-/** @typedef {import("../shared/types").SuppressedLintMessage} SuppressedLintMessage */
-/** @typedef {import("../shared/types").Plugin} Plugin */
-/** @typedef {import("../shared/types").Rule} Rule */
 /** @typedef {import("../shared/types").LintResult} LintResult */
+/** @typedef {import("../shared/types").ParserOptions} ParserOptions */
+/** @typedef {import("../shared/types").Plugin} Plugin */
 /** @typedef {import("../shared/types").ResultsMeta} ResultsMeta */
-
-/**
- * The main formatter object.
- * @typedef LoadedFormatter
- * @property {(results: LintResult[], resultsMeta: ResultsMeta) => string | Promise<string>} format format function.
- */
+/** @typedef {import("../shared/types").RuleConf} RuleConf */
+/** @typedef {import("../shared/types").Rule} Rule */
+/** @typedef {ReturnType<ConfigArray.extractConfig>} ExtractedConfig */
 
 /**
  * The options with which to configure the ESLint instance.
@@ -54,270 +75,80 @@ const { version } = require("../../package.json");
  * @property {"metadata" | "content"} [cacheStrategy] The strategy used to detect changed files.
  * @property {string} [cwd] The value to use for the current working directory.
  * @property {boolean} [errorOnUnmatchedPattern] If `false` then `ESLint#lintFiles()` doesn't throw even if no target files found. Defaults to `true`.
- * @property {string[]} [extensions] An array of file extensions to check.
  * @property {boolean|Function} [fix] Execute in autofix mode. If a function, should return a boolean.
  * @property {string[]} [fixTypes] Array of rule types to apply fixes for.
  * @property {boolean} [globInputPaths] Set to false to skip glob resolution of input file paths to lint (default: true). If false, each input file paths is assumed to be a non-glob path to an existing file.
- * @property {boolean} [ignore] False disables use of .eslintignore.
- * @property {string} [ignorePath] The ignore file to use instead of .eslintignore.
+ * @property {boolean} [ignore] False disables all ignore patterns except for the default ones.
+ * @property {string[]} [ignorePatterns] Ignore file patterns to use in addition to config ignores. These patterns are relative to `cwd`.
  * @property {ConfigData} [overrideConfig] Override config object, overrides all configs used with this instance
- * @property {string} [overrideConfigFile] The configuration file to use.
- * @property {Record<string,Plugin>|null} [plugins] Preloaded plugins. This is a map-like object, keys are plugin IDs and each value is implementation.
- * @property {"error" | "warn" | "off"} [reportUnusedDisableDirectives] the severity to report unused eslint-disable directives.
- * @property {string} [resolvePluginsRelativeTo] The folder where plugins should be resolved from, defaulting to the CWD.
- * @property {string[]} [rulePaths] An array of directories to load custom rules from.
- * @property {boolean} [useEslintrc] False disables looking for .eslintrc.* files.
- */
-
-/**
- * A rules metadata object.
- * @typedef {Object} RulesMeta
- * @property {string} id The plugin ID.
- * @property {Object} definition The plugin definition.
- */
-
-/**
- * Private members for the `ESLint` instance.
- * @typedef {Object} ESLintPrivateMembers
- * @property {CLIEngine} cliEngine The wrapped CLIEngine instance.
- * @property {ESLintOptions} options The options used to instantiate the ESLint instance.
+ * @property {boolean|string} [overrideConfigFile] Searches for default config file when falsy;
+ *      doesn't do any config file lookup when `true`; considered to be a config filename
+ *      when a string.
+ * @property {Record<string,Plugin>} [plugins] An array of plugin implementations.
+ * @property {boolean} [stats] True enables added statistics on lint results.
+ * @property {boolean} warnIgnored Show warnings when the file list includes ignored files
+ * @property {boolean} [passOnNoPatterns=false] When set to true, missing patterns cause
+ *      the linting operation to short circuit and not report any failures.
  */
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Helpers
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-const writeFile = promisify(fs.writeFile);
-
-/**
- * The map with which to store private class members.
- * @type {WeakMap<ESLint, ESLintPrivateMembers>}
- */
-const privateMembersMap = new WeakMap();
-
-/**
- * Check if a given value is a non-empty string or not.
- * @param {any} x The value to check.
- * @returns {boolean} `true` if `x` is a non-empty string.
- */
-function isNonEmptyString(x) {
-    return typeof x === "string" && x.trim() !== "";
-}
-
-/**
- * Check if a given value is an array of non-empty strings or not.
- * @param {any} x The value to check.
- * @returns {boolean} `true` if `x` is an array of non-empty strings.
- */
-function isArrayOfNonEmptyString(x) {
-    return Array.isArray(x) && x.every(isNonEmptyString);
-}
-
-/**
- * Check if a given value is a valid fix type or not.
- * @param {any} x The value to check.
- * @returns {boolean} `true` if `x` is valid fix type.
- */
-function isFixType(x) {
-    return x === "directive" || x === "problem" || x === "suggestion" || x === "layout";
-}
-
-/**
- * Check if a given value is an array of fix types or not.
- * @param {any} x The value to check.
- * @returns {boolean} `true` if `x` is an array of fix types.
- */
-function isFixTypeArray(x) {
-    return Array.isArray(x) && x.every(isFixType);
-}
-
-/**
- * The error for invalid options.
- */
-class ESLintInvalidOptionsError extends Error {
-    constructor(messages) {
-        super(`Invalid Options:\n- ${messages.join("\n- ")}`);
-        this.code = "ESLINT_INVALID_OPTIONS";
-        Error.captureStackTrace(this, ESLintInvalidOptionsError);
-    }
-}
+const FLAT_CONFIG_FILENAMES = [
+    "eslint.config.js",
+    "eslint.config.mjs",
+    "eslint.config.cjs"
+];
+const debug = require("debug")("eslint:eslint");
+const privateMembers = new WeakMap();
+const importedConfigFileModificationTime = new Map();
+const removedFormatters = new Set([
+    "checkstyle",
+    "codeframe",
+    "compact",
+    "jslint-xml",
+    "junit",
+    "table",
+    "tap",
+    "unix",
+    "visualstudio"
+]);
 
 /**
- * Validates and normalizes options for the wrapped CLIEngine instance.
- * @param {ESLintOptions} options The options to process.
- * @throws {ESLintInvalidOptionsError} If of any of a variety of type errors.
- * @returns {ESLintOptions} The normalized options.
+ * It will calculate the error and warning count for collection of messages per file
+ * @param {LintMessage[]} messages Collection of messages
+ * @returns {Object} Contains the stats
+ * @private
  */
-function processOptions({
-    allowInlineConfig = true, // ← we cannot use `overrideConfig.noInlineConfig` instead because `allowInlineConfig` has side-effect that suppress warnings that show inline configs are ignored.
-    baseConfig = null,
-    cache = false,
-    cacheLocation = ".eslintcache",
-    cacheStrategy = "metadata",
-    cwd = process.cwd(),
-    errorOnUnmatchedPattern = true,
-    extensions = null, // ← should be null by default because if it's an array then it suppresses RFC20 feature.
-    fix = false,
-    fixTypes = null, // ← should be null by default because if it's an array then it suppresses rules that don't have the `meta.type` property.
-    globInputPaths = true,
-    ignore = true,
-    ignorePath = null, // ← should be null by default because if it's a string then it may throw ENOENT.
-    overrideConfig = null,
-    overrideConfigFile = null,
-    plugins = {},
-    reportUnusedDisableDirectives = null, // ← should be null by default because if it's a string then it overrides the 'reportUnusedDisableDirectives' setting in config files. And we cannot use `overrideConfig.reportUnusedDisableDirectives` instead because we cannot configure the `error` severity with that.
-    resolvePluginsRelativeTo = null, // ← should be null by default because if it's a string then it suppresses RFC47 feature.
-    rulePaths = [],
-    useEslintrc = true,
-    ...unknownOptions
-}) {
-    const errors = [];
-    const unknownOptionKeys = Object.keys(unknownOptions);
-
-    if (unknownOptionKeys.length >= 1) {
-        errors.push(`Unknown options: ${unknownOptionKeys.join(", ")}`);
-        if (unknownOptionKeys.includes("cacheFile")) {
-            errors.push("'cacheFile' has been removed. Please use the 'cacheLocation' option instead.");
-        }
-        if (unknownOptionKeys.includes("configFile")) {
-            errors.push("'configFile' has been removed. Please use the 'overrideConfigFile' option instead.");
-        }
-        if (unknownOptionKeys.includes("envs")) {
-            errors.push("'envs' has been removed. Please use the 'overrideConfig.env' option instead.");
-        }
-        if (unknownOptionKeys.includes("globals")) {
-            errors.push("'globals' has been removed. Please use the 'overrideConfig.globals' option instead.");
-        }
-        if (unknownOptionKeys.includes("ignorePattern")) {
-            errors.push("'ignorePattern' has been removed. Please use the 'overrideConfig.ignorePatterns' option instead.");
-        }
-        if (unknownOptionKeys.includes("parser")) {
-            errors.push("'parser' has been removed. Please use the 'overrideConfig.parser' option instead.");
-        }
-        if (unknownOptionKeys.includes("parserOptions")) {
-            errors.push("'parserOptions' has been removed. Please use the 'overrideConfig.parserOptions' option instead.");
-        }
-        if (unknownOptionKeys.includes("rules")) {
-            errors.push("'rules' has been removed. Please use the 'overrideConfig.rules' option instead.");
-        }
-    }
-    if (typeof allowInlineConfig !== "boolean") {
-        errors.push("'allowInlineConfig' must be a boolean.");
-    }
-    if (typeof baseConfig !== "object") {
-        errors.push("'baseConfig' must be an object or null.");
-    }
-    if (typeof cache !== "boolean") {
-        errors.push("'cache' must be a boolean.");
-    }
-    if (!isNonEmptyString(cacheLocation)) {
-        errors.push("'cacheLocation' must be a non-empty string.");
-    }
-    if (
-        cacheStrategy !== "metadata" &&
-        cacheStrategy !== "content"
-    ) {
-        errors.push("'cacheStrategy' must be any of \"metadata\", \"content\".");
-    }
-    if (!isNonEmptyString(cwd) || !path.isAbsolute(cwd)) {
-        errors.push("'cwd' must be an absolute path.");
-    }
-    if (typeof errorOnUnmatchedPattern !== "boolean") {
-        errors.push("'errorOnUnmatchedPattern' must be a boolean.");
-    }
-    if (!isArrayOfNonEmptyString(extensions) && extensions !== null) {
-        errors.push("'extensions' must be an array of non-empty strings or null.");
-    }
-    if (typeof fix !== "boolean" && typeof fix !== "function") {
-        errors.push("'fix' must be a boolean or a function.");
-    }
-    if (fixTypes !== null && !isFixTypeArray(fixTypes)) {
-        errors.push("'fixTypes' must be an array of any of \"directive\", \"problem\", \"suggestion\", and \"layout\".");
-    }
-    if (typeof globInputPaths !== "boolean") {
-        errors.push("'globInputPaths' must be a boolean.");
-    }
-    if (typeof ignore !== "boolean") {
-        errors.push("'ignore' must be a boolean.");
-    }
-    if (!isNonEmptyString(ignorePath) && ignorePath !== null) {
-        errors.push("'ignorePath' must be a non-empty string or null.");
-    }
-    if (typeof overrideConfig !== "object") {
-        errors.push("'overrideConfig' must be an object or null.");
-    }
-    if (!isNonEmptyString(overrideConfigFile) && overrideConfigFile !== null) {
-        errors.push("'overrideConfigFile' must be a non-empty string or null.");
-    }
-    if (typeof plugins !== "object") {
-        errors.push("'plugins' must be an object or null.");
-    } else if (plugins !== null && Object.keys(plugins).includes("")) {
-        errors.push("'plugins' must not include an empty string.");
-    }
-    if (Array.isArray(plugins)) {
-        errors.push("'plugins' doesn't add plugins to configuration to load. Please use the 'overrideConfig.plugins' option instead.");
-    }
-    if (
-        reportUnusedDisableDirectives !== "error" &&
-        reportUnusedDisableDirectives !== "warn" &&
-        reportUnusedDisableDirectives !== "off" &&
-        reportUnusedDisableDirectives !== null
-    ) {
-        errors.push("'reportUnusedDisableDirectives' must be any of \"error\", \"warn\", \"off\", and null.");
-    }
-    if (
-        !isNonEmptyString(resolvePluginsRelativeTo) &&
-        resolvePluginsRelativeTo !== null
-    ) {
-        errors.push("'resolvePluginsRelativeTo' must be a non-empty string or null.");
-    }
-    if (!isArrayOfNonEmptyString(rulePaths)) {
-        errors.push("'rulePaths' must be an array of non-empty strings.");
-    }
-    if (typeof useEslintrc !== "boolean") {
-        errors.push("'useEslintrc' must be a boolean.");
-    }
-
-    if (errors.length > 0) {
-        throw new ESLintInvalidOptionsError(errors);
-    }
-
-    return {
-        allowInlineConfig,
-        baseConfig,
-        cache,
-        cacheLocation,
-        cacheStrategy,
-        configFile: overrideConfigFile,
-        cwd: path.normalize(cwd),
-        errorOnUnmatchedPattern,
-        extensions,
-        fix,
-        fixTypes,
-        globInputPaths,
-        ignore,
-        ignorePath,
-        reportUnusedDisableDirectives,
-        resolvePluginsRelativeTo,
-        rulePaths,
-        useEslintrc
+function calculateStatsPerFile(messages) {
+    const stat = {
+        errorCount: 0,
+        fatalErrorCount: 0,
+        warningCount: 0,
+        fixableErrorCount: 0,
+        fixableWarningCount: 0
     };
-}
 
-/**
- * Check if a value has one or more properties and that value is not undefined.
- * @param {any} obj The value to check.
- * @returns {boolean} `true` if `obj` has one or more properties that that value is not undefined.
- */
-function hasDefinedProperty(obj) {
-    if (typeof obj === "object" && obj !== null) {
-        for (const key in obj) {
-            if (typeof obj[key] !== "undefined") {
-                return true;
+    for (let i = 0; i < messages.length; i++) {
+        const message = messages[i];
+
+        if (message.fatal || message.severity === 2) {
+            stat.errorCount++;
+            if (message.fatal) {
+                stat.fatalErrorCount++;
+            }
+            if (message.fix) {
+                stat.fixableErrorCount++;
+            }
+        } else {
+            stat.warningCount++;
+            if (message.fix) {
+                stat.fixableWarningCount++;
             }
         }
     }
-    return false;
+    return stat;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -332,62 +163,73 @@ function createRulesMeta(rules) {
     }, {});
 }
 
+/**
+ * Return the absolute path of a file named `"__placeholder__.js"` in a given directory.
+ * This is used as a replacement for a missing file path.
+ * @param {string} cwd An absolute directory path.
+ * @returns {string} The absolute path of a file named `"__placeholder__.js"` in the given directory.
+ */
+function getPlaceholderPath(cwd) {
+    return path.join(cwd, "__placeholder__.js");
+}
+
 /** @type {WeakMap<ExtractedConfig, DeprecatedRuleInfo[]>} */
 const usedDeprecatedRulesCache = new WeakMap();
 
 /**
  * Create used deprecated rule list.
- * @param {CLIEngine} cliEngine The CLIEngine instance.
+ * @param {CLIEngine} eslint The CLIEngine instance.
  * @param {string} maybeFilePath The absolute path to a lint target file or `"<text>"`.
  * @returns {DeprecatedRuleInfo[]} The used deprecated rule list.
  */
-function getOrFindUsedDeprecatedRules(cliEngine, maybeFilePath) {
+function getOrFindUsedDeprecatedRules(eslint, maybeFilePath) {
     const {
-        configArrayFactory,
+        configs,
         options: { cwd }
-    } = getCLIEngineInternalSlots(cliEngine);
+    } = privateMembers.get(eslint);
     const filePath = path.isAbsolute(maybeFilePath)
         ? maybeFilePath
-        : path.join(cwd, "__placeholder__.js");
-    const configArray = configArrayFactory.getConfigArrayForFile(filePath);
-    const config = configArray.extractConfig(filePath);
+        : getPlaceholderPath(cwd);
+    const config = configs.getConfig(filePath);
 
     // Most files use the same config, so cache it.
-    if (!usedDeprecatedRulesCache.has(config)) {
-        const pluginRules = configArray.pluginRules;
+    if (config && !usedDeprecatedRulesCache.has(config)) {
         const retv = [];
 
-        for (const [ruleId, ruleConf] of Object.entries(config.rules)) {
-            if (getRuleSeverity(ruleConf) === 0) {
-                continue;
-            }
-            const rule = pluginRules.get(ruleId) || BuiltinRules.get(ruleId);
-            const meta = rule && rule.meta;
-
-            if (meta && meta.deprecated) {
-                retv.push({ ruleId, replacedBy: meta.replacedBy || [] });
+        if (config.rules) {
+            for (const [ruleId, ruleConf] of Object.entries(config.rules)) {
+                if (getRuleSeverity(ruleConf) === 0) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                const rule = getRuleFromConfig(ruleId, config);
+                const meta = rule && rule.meta;
+
+                if (meta && meta.deprecated) {
+                    retv.push({ ruleId, replacedBy: meta.replacedBy || [] });
+                }
             }
         }
 
+
         usedDeprecatedRulesCache.set(config, Object.freeze(retv));
     }
 
-    return usedDeprecatedRulesCache.get(config);
+    return config ? usedDeprecatedRulesCache.get(config) : Object.freeze([]);
 }
 
 /**
  * Processes the linting results generated by a CLIEngine linting report to
  * match the ESLint class's API.
- * @param {CLIEngine} cliEngine The CLIEngine instance.
+ * @param {CLIEngine} eslint The CLIEngine instance.
  * @param {CLIEngineLintReport} report The CLIEngine linting report to process.
  * @returns {LintResult[]} The processed linting results.
  */
-function processCLIEngineLintReport(cliEngine, { results }) {
+function processLintReport(eslint, { results }) {
     const descriptor = {
         configurable: true,
         enumerable: true,
         get() {
-            return getOrFindUsedDeprecatedRules(cliEngine, this.filePath);
+            return getOrFindUsedDeprecatedRules(eslint, this.filePath);
         }
     };
 
@@ -417,44 +259,385 @@ function compareResultsByFilePath(a, b) {
 }
 
 /**
- * Main API.
+ * Searches from the current working directory up until finding the
+ * given flat config filename.
+ * @param {string} cwd The current working directory to search from.
+ * @returns {Promise<string|undefined>} The filename if found or `undefined` if not.
+ */
+function findFlatConfigFile(cwd) {
+    return findUp(
+        FLAT_CONFIG_FILENAMES,
+        { cwd }
+    );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Load the config array from the given filename.
+ * @param {string} filePath The filename to load from.
+ * @returns {Promise<any>} The config loaded from the config file.
+ */
+async function loadFlatConfigFile(filePath) {
+    debug(`Loading config from ${filePath}`);
+
+    const fileURL = pathToFileURL(filePath);
+
+    debug(`Config file URL is ${fileURL}`);
+
+    const mtime = (await fs.stat(filePath)).mtime.getTime();
+
+    /*
+     * Append a query with the config file's modification time (`mtime`) in order
+     * to import the current version of the config file. Without the query, `import()` would
+     * cache the config file module by the pathname only, and then always return
+     * the same version (the one that was actual when the module was imported for the first time).
+     *
+     * This ensures that the config file module is loaded and executed again
+     * if it has been changed since the last time it was imported.
+     * If it hasn't been changed, `import()` will just return the cached version.
+     *
+     * Note that we should not overuse queries (e.g., by appending the current time
+     * to always reload the config file module) as that could cause memory leaks
+     * because entries are never removed from the import cache.
+     */
+    fileURL.searchParams.append("mtime", mtime);
+
+    /*
+     * With queries, we can bypass the import cache. However, when import-ing a CJS module,
+     * Node.js uses the require infrastructure under the hood. That includes the require cache,
+     * which caches the config file module by its file path (queries have no effect).
+     * Therefore, we also need to clear the require cache before importing the config file module.
+     * In order to get the same behavior with ESM and CJS config files, in particular - to reload
+     * the config file only if it has been changed, we track file modification times and clear
+     * the require cache only if the file has been changed.
+     */
+    if (importedConfigFileModificationTime.get(filePath) !== mtime) {
+        delete require.cache[filePath];
+    }
+
+    const config = (await import(fileURL)).default;
+
+    importedConfigFileModificationTime.set(filePath, mtime);
+
+    return config;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Determines which config file to use. This is determined by seeing if an
+ * override config file was passed, and if so, using it; otherwise, as long
+ * as override config file is not explicitly set to `false`, it will search
+ * upwards from the cwd for a file named `eslint.config.js`.
+ * @param {import("./eslint").ESLintOptions} options The ESLint instance options.
+ * @returns {{configFilePath:string|undefined,basePath:string,error:Error|null}} Location information for
+ *      the config file.
+ */
+async function locateConfigFileToUse({ configFile, cwd }) {
+
+    // determine where to load config file from
+    let configFilePath;
+    let basePath = cwd;
+    let error = null;
+
+    if (typeof configFile === "string") {
+        debug(`Override config file path is ${configFile}`);
+        configFilePath = path.resolve(cwd, configFile);
+    } else if (configFile !== false) {
+        debug("Searching for eslint.config.js");
+        configFilePath = await findFlatConfigFile(cwd);
+
+        if (configFilePath) {
+            basePath = path.resolve(path.dirname(configFilePath));
+        } else {
+            error = new Error("Could not find config file.");
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    return {
+        configFilePath,
+        basePath,
+        error
+    };
+
+}
+
+/**
+ * Calculates the config array for this run based on inputs.
+ * @param {ESLint} eslint The instance to create the config array for.
+ * @param {import("./eslint").ESLintOptions} options The ESLint instance options.
+ * @returns {FlatConfigArray} The config array for `eslint``.
+ */
+async function calculateConfigArray(eslint, {
+    cwd,
+    baseConfig,
+    overrideConfig,
+    configFile,
+    ignore: shouldIgnore,
+    ignorePatterns
+}) {
+
+    // check for cached instance
+    const slots = privateMembers.get(eslint);
+
+    if (slots.configs) {
+        return slots.configs;
+    }
+
+    const { configFilePath, basePath, error } = await locateConfigFileToUse({ configFile, cwd });
+
+    // config file is required to calculate config
+    if (error) {
+        throw error;
+    }
+
+    const configs = new FlatConfigArray(baseConfig || [], { basePath, shouldIgnore });
+
+    // load config file
+    if (configFilePath) {
+        const fileConfig = await loadFlatConfigFile(configFilePath);
+
+        if (Array.isArray(fileConfig)) {
+            configs.push(...fileConfig);
+        } else {
+            configs.push(fileConfig);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // add in any configured defaults
+    configs.push(...slots.defaultConfigs);
+
+    // append command line ignore patterns
+    if (ignorePatterns && ignorePatterns.length > 0) {
+
+        let relativeIgnorePatterns;
+
+        /*
+         * If the config file basePath is different than the cwd, then
+         * the ignore patterns won't work correctly. Here, we adjust the
+         * ignore pattern to include the correct relative path. Patterns
+         * passed as `ignorePatterns` are relative to the cwd, whereas
+         * the config file basePath can be an ancestor of the cwd.
+         */
+        if (basePath === cwd) {
+            relativeIgnorePatterns = ignorePatterns;
+        } else {
+
+            const relativeIgnorePath = path.relative(basePath, cwd);
+
+            relativeIgnorePatterns = ignorePatterns.map(pattern => {
+                const negated = pattern.startsWith("!");
+                const basePattern = negated ? pattern.slice(1) : pattern;
+
+                return (negated ? "!" : "") +
+                path.posix.join(relativeIgnorePath, basePattern);
+            });
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * Ignore patterns are added to the end of the config array
+         * so they can override default ignores.
+         */
+        configs.push({
+            ignores: relativeIgnorePatterns
+        });
+    }
+
+    if (overrideConfig) {
+        if (Array.isArray(overrideConfig)) {
+            configs.push(...overrideConfig);
+        } else {
+            configs.push(overrideConfig);
+        }
+    }
+
+    await configs.normalize();
+
+    // cache the config array for this instance
+    slots.configs = configs;
+
+    return configs;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Processes an source code using ESLint.
+ * @param {Object} config The config object.
+ * @param {string} config.text The source code to verify.
+ * @param {string} config.cwd The path to the current working directory.
+ * @param {string|undefined} config.filePath The path to the file of `text`. If this is undefined, it uses `<text>`.
+ * @param {FlatConfigArray} config.configs The config.
+ * @param {boolean} config.fix If `true` then it does fix.
+ * @param {boolean} config.allowInlineConfig If `true` then it uses directive comments.
+ * @param {Function} config.ruleFilter A predicate function to filter which rules should be run.
+ * @param {boolean} config.stats If `true`, then if reports extra statistics with the lint results.
+ * @param {Linter} config.linter The linter instance to verify.
+ * @returns {LintResult} The result of linting.
+ * @private
+ */
+function verifyText({
+    text,
+    cwd,
+    filePath: providedFilePath,
+    configs,
+    fix,
+    allowInlineConfig,
+    ruleFilter,
+    stats,
+    linter
+}) {
+    const filePath = providedFilePath || "<text>";
+
+    debug(`Lint ${filePath}`);
+
+    /*
+     * Verify.
+     * `config.extractConfig(filePath)` requires an absolute path, but `linter`
+     * doesn't know CWD, so it gives `linter` an absolute path always.
+     */
+    const filePathToVerify = filePath === "<text>" ? getPlaceholderPath(cwd) : filePath;
+    const { fixed, messages, output } = linter.verifyAndFix(
+        text,
+        configs,
+        {
+            allowInlineConfig,
+            filename: filePathToVerify,
+            fix,
+            ruleFilter,
+            stats,
+
+            /**
+             * Check if the linter should adopt a given code block or not.
+             * @param {string} blockFilename The virtual filename of a code block.
+             * @returns {boolean} `true` if the linter should adopt the code block.
+             */
+            filterCodeBlock(blockFilename) {
+                return configs.isExplicitMatch(blockFilename);
+            }
+        }
+    );
+
+    // Tweak and return.
+    const result = {
+        filePath: filePath === "<text>" ? filePath : path.resolve(filePath),
+        messages,
+        suppressedMessages: linter.getSuppressedMessages(),
+        ...calculateStatsPerFile(messages)
+    };
+
+    if (fixed) {
+        result.output = output;
+    }
+
+    if (
+        result.errorCount + result.warningCount > 0 &&
+        typeof result.output === "undefined"
+    ) {
+        result.source = text;
+    }
+
+    if (stats) {
+        result.stats = {
+            times: linter.getTimes(),
+            fixPasses: linter.getFixPassCount()
+        };
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Checks whether a message's rule type should be fixed.
+ * @param {LintMessage} message The message to check.
+ * @param {FlatConfig} config The config for the file that generated the message.
+ * @param {string[]} fixTypes An array of fix types to check.
+ * @returns {boolean} Whether the message should be fixed.
+ */
+function shouldMessageBeFixed(message, config, fixTypes) {
+    if (!message.ruleId) {
+        return fixTypes.has("directive");
+    }
+
+    const rule = message.ruleId && getRuleFromConfig(message.ruleId, config);
+
+    return Boolean(rule && rule.meta && fixTypes.has(rule.meta.type));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Creates an error to be thrown when an array of results passed to `getRulesMetaForResults` was not created by the current engine.
+ * @returns {TypeError} An error object.
+ */
+function createExtraneousResultsError() {
+    return new TypeError("Results object was not created from this ESLint instance.");
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Main API
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/**
+ * Primary Node.js API for ESLint.
  */
 class ESLint {
 
+    /**
+     * The type of configuration used by this class.
+     * @type {string}
+     */
+    static configType = "flat";
+
     /**
      * Creates a new instance of the main ESLint API.
      * @param {ESLintOptions} options The options for this instance.
      */
     constructor(options = {}) {
+
+        const defaultConfigs = [];
         const processedOptions = processOptions(options);
-        const cliEngine = new CLIEngine(processedOptions, { preloadedPlugins: options.plugins });
-        const {
-            configArrayFactory,
-            lastConfigArrays
-        } = getCLIEngineInternalSlots(cliEngine);
-        let updated = false;
+        const linter = new Linter({
+            cwd: processedOptions.cwd,
+            configType: "flat"
+        });
 
-        /*
-         * Address `overrideConfig` to set override config.
-         * Operate the `configArrayFactory` internal slot directly because this
-         * functionality doesn't exist as the public API of CLIEngine.
+        const cacheFilePath = getCacheFile(
+            processedOptions.cacheLocation,
+            processedOptions.cwd
+        );
+
+        const lintResultCache = processedOptions.cache
+            ? new LintResultCache(cacheFilePath, processedOptions.cacheStrategy)
+            : null;
+
+        privateMembers.set(this, {
+            options: processedOptions,
+            linter,
+            cacheFilePath,
+            lintResultCache,
+            defaultConfigs,
+            configs: null
+        });
+
+        /**
+         * If additional plugins are passed in, add that to the default
+         * configs for this instance.
          */
-        if (hasDefinedProperty(options.overrideConfig)) {
-            configArrayFactory.setOverrideConfig(options.overrideConfig);
-            updated = true;
-        }
+        if (options.plugins) {
+
+            const plugins = {};
 
-        // Update caches.
-        if (updated) {
-            configArrayFactory.clearCache();
-            lastConfigArrays[0] = configArrayFactory.getConfigArrayForFile();
+            for (const [pluginName, plugin] of Object.entries(options.plugins)) {
+                plugins[naming.getShorthandName(pluginName, "eslint-plugin")] = plugin;
+            }
+
+            defaultConfigs.push({
+                plugins
+            });
         }
 
-        // Initialize private properties.
-        privateMembersMap.set(this, {
-            cliEngine,
-            options: processedOptions
-        });
+        // Check for the .eslintignore file, and warn if it's present.
+        if (existsSync(path.resolve(processedOptions.cwd, ".eslintignore"))) {
+            process.emitWarning(
+                "The \".eslintignore\" file is no longer supported. Switch to using the \"ignores\" property in \"eslint.config.js\": https://eslint.org/docs/latest/use/configure/migration-guide#ignoring-files",
+                "ESLintIgnoreWarning"
+            );
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -486,7 +669,7 @@ class ESLint {
                         path.isAbsolute(result.filePath)
                     );
                 })
-                .map(r => writeFile(r.filePath, r.output))
+                .map(r => fs.writeFile(r.filePath, r.output))
         );
     }
 
@@ -496,60 +679,297 @@ class ESLint {
      * @returns {LintResult[]} The filtered results.
      */
     static getErrorResults(results) {
-        return CLIEngine.getErrorResults(results);
+        const filtered = [];
+
+        results.forEach(result => {
+            const filteredMessages = result.messages.filter(isErrorMessage);
+            const filteredSuppressedMessages = result.suppressedMessages.filter(isErrorMessage);
+
+            if (filteredMessages.length > 0) {
+                filtered.push({
+                    ...result,
+                    messages: filteredMessages,
+                    suppressedMessages: filteredSuppressedMessages,
+                    errorCount: filteredMessages.length,
+                    warningCount: 0,
+                    fixableErrorCount: result.fixableErrorCount,
+                    fixableWarningCount: 0
+                });
+            }
+        });
+
+        return filtered;
     }
 
     /**
      * Returns meta objects for each rule represented in the lint results.
      * @param {LintResult[]} results The results to fetch rules meta for.
      * @returns {Object} A mapping of ruleIds to rule meta objects.
+     * @throws {TypeError} When the results object wasn't created from this ESLint instance.
+     * @throws {TypeError} When a plugin or rule is missing.
      */
     getRulesMetaForResults(results) {
 
-        const resultRuleIds = new Set();
+        // short-circuit simple case
+        if (results.length === 0) {
+            return {};
+        }
 
-        // first gather all ruleIds from all results
+        const resultRules = new Map();
+        const {
+            configs,
+            options: { cwd }
+        } = privateMembers.get(this);
 
-        for (const result of results) {
-            for (const { ruleId } of result.messages) {
-                resultRuleIds.add(ruleId);
-            }
-            for (const { ruleId } of result.suppressedMessages) {
-                resultRuleIds.add(ruleId);
-            }
+        /*
+         * We can only accurately return rules meta information for linting results if the
+         * results were created by this instance. Otherwise, the necessary rules data is
+         * not available. So if the config array doesn't already exist, just throw an error
+         * to let the user know we can't do anything here.
+         */
+        if (!configs) {
+            throw createExtraneousResultsError();
         }
 
-        // create a map of all rules in the results
-
-        const { cliEngine } = privateMembersMap.get(this);
-        const rules = cliEngine.getRules();
-        const resultRules = new Map();
+        for (const result of results) {
 
-        for (const [ruleId, rule] of rules) {
-            if (resultRuleIds.has(ruleId)) {
-                resultRules.set(ruleId, rule);
+            /*
+             * Normalize filename for <text>.
+             */
+            const filePath = result.filePath === "<text>"
+                ? getPlaceholderPath(cwd) : result.filePath;
+            const allMessages = result.messages.concat(result.suppressedMessages);
+
+            for (const { ruleId } of allMessages) {
+                if (!ruleId) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                /*
+                 * All of the plugin and rule information is contained within the
+                 * calculated config for the given file.
+                 */
+                const config = configs.getConfig(filePath);
+
+                if (!config) {
+                    throw createExtraneousResultsError();
+                }
+                const rule = getRuleFromConfig(ruleId, config);
+
+                // ignore unknown rules
+                if (rule) {
+                    resultRules.set(ruleId, rule);
+                }
             }
         }
 
         return createRulesMeta(resultRules);
-
     }
 
     /**
      * Executes the current configuration on an array of file and directory names.
-     * @param {string[]} patterns An array of file and directory names.
+     * @param {string|string[]} patterns An array of file and directory names.
      * @returns {Promise<LintResult[]>} The results of linting the file patterns given.
      */
     async lintFiles(patterns) {
-        if (!isNonEmptyString(patterns) && !isArrayOfNonEmptyString(patterns)) {
-            throw new Error("'patterns' must be a non-empty string or an array of non-empty strings");
+
+        let normalizedPatterns = patterns;
+        const {
+            cacheFilePath,
+            lintResultCache,
+            linter,
+            options: eslintOptions
+        } = privateMembers.get(this);
+
+        /*
+         * Special cases:
+         * 1. `patterns` is an empty string
+         * 2. `patterns` is an empty array
+         *
+         * In both cases, we use the cwd as the directory to lint.
+         */
+        if (patterns === "" || Array.isArray(patterns) && patterns.length === 0) {
+
+            /*
+             * Special case: If `passOnNoPatterns` is true, then we just exit
+             * without doing any work.
+             */
+            if (eslintOptions.passOnNoPatterns) {
+                return [];
+            }
+
+            normalizedPatterns = ["."];
+        } else {
+
+            if (!isNonEmptyString(patterns) && !isArrayOfNonEmptyString(patterns)) {
+                throw new Error("'patterns' must be a non-empty string or an array of non-empty strings");
+            }
+
+            if (typeof patterns === "string") {
+                normalizedPatterns = [patterns];
+            }
+        }
+
+        debug(`Using file patterns: ${normalizedPatterns}`);
+
+        const configs = await calculateConfigArray(this, eslintOptions);
+        const {
+            allowInlineConfig,
+            cache,
+            cwd,
+            fix,
+            fixTypes,
+            ruleFilter,
+            stats,
+            globInputPaths,
+            errorOnUnmatchedPattern,
+            warnIgnored
+        } = eslintOptions;
+        const startTime = Date.now();
+        const fixTypesSet = fixTypes ? new Set(fixTypes) : null;
+
+        // Delete cache file; should this be done here?
+        if (!cache && cacheFilePath) {
+            debug(`Deleting cache file at ${cacheFilePath}`);
+
+            try {
+                await fs.unlink(cacheFilePath);
+            } catch (error) {
+                const errorCode = error && error.code;
+
+                // Ignore errors when no such file exists or file system is read only (and cache file does not exist)
+                if (errorCode !== "ENOENT" && !(errorCode === "EROFS" && !existsSync(cacheFilePath))) {
+                    throw error;
+                }
+            }
         }
-        const { cliEngine } = privateMembersMap.get(this);
 
-        return processCLIEngineLintReport(
-            cliEngine,
-            cliEngine.executeOnFiles(patterns)
+        const filePaths = await findFiles({
+            patterns: normalizedPatterns,
+            cwd,
+            globInputPaths,
+            configs,
+            errorOnUnmatchedPattern
+        });
+        const controller = new AbortController();
+        const retryCodes = new Set(["ENFILE", "EMFILE"]);
+        const retrier = new Retrier(error => retryCodes.has(error.code));
+
+        debug(`${filePaths.length} files found in: ${Date.now() - startTime}ms`);
+
+        /*
+         * Because we need to process multiple files, including reading from disk,
+         * it is most efficient to start by reading each file via promises so that
+         * they can be done in parallel. Then, we can lint the returned text. This
+         * ensures we are waiting the minimum amount of time in between lints.
+         */
+        const results = await Promise.all(
+
+            filePaths.map(({ filePath, ignored }) => {
+
+                /*
+                 * If a filename was entered that matches an ignore
+                 * pattern, then notify the user.
+                 */
+                if (ignored) {
+                    if (warnIgnored) {
+                        return createIgnoreResult(filePath, cwd);
+                    }
+
+                    return void 0;
+                }
+
+                const config = configs.getConfig(filePath);
+
+                /*
+                 * Sometimes a file found through a glob pattern will
+                 * be ignored. In this case, `config` will be undefined
+                 * and we just silently ignore the file.
+                 */
+                if (!config) {
+                    return void 0;
+                }
+
+                // Skip if there is cached result.
+                if (lintResultCache) {
+                    const cachedResult =
+                        lintResultCache.getCachedLintResults(filePath, config);
+
+                    if (cachedResult) {
+                        const hadMessages =
+                            cachedResult.messages &&
+                            cachedResult.messages.length > 0;
+
+                        if (hadMessages && fix) {
+                            debug(`Reprocessing cached file to allow autofix: ${filePath}`);
+                        } else {
+                            debug(`Skipping file since it hasn't changed: ${filePath}`);
+                            return cachedResult;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+
+                // set up fixer for fixTypes if necessary
+                let fixer = fix;
+
+                if (fix && fixTypesSet) {
+
+                    // save original value of options.fix in case it's a function
+                    const originalFix = (typeof fix === "function")
+                        ? fix : () => true;
+
+                    fixer = message => shouldMessageBeFixed(message, config, fixTypesSet) && originalFix(message);
+                }
+
+                return retrier.retry(() => fs.readFile(filePath, { encoding: "utf8", signal: controller.signal })
+                    .then(text => {
+
+                        // fail immediately if an error occurred in another file
+                        controller.signal.throwIfAborted();
+
+                        // do the linting
+                        const result = verifyText({
+                            text,
+                            filePath,
+                            configs,
+                            cwd,
+                            fix: fixer,
+                            allowInlineConfig,
+                            ruleFilter,
+                            stats,
+                            linter
+                        });
+
+                        /*
+                         * Store the lint result in the LintResultCache.
+                         * NOTE: The LintResultCache will remove the file source and any
+                         * other properties that are difficult to serialize, and will
+                         * hydrate those properties back in on future lint runs.
+                         */
+                        if (lintResultCache) {
+                            lintResultCache.setCachedLintResults(filePath, config, result);
+                        }
+
+                        return result;
+                    }))
+                    .catch(error => {
+                        controller.abort(error);
+                        throw error;
+                    });
+            })
         );
+
+        // Persist the cache to disk.
+        if (lintResultCache) {
+            lintResultCache.reconcile();
+        }
+
+        const finalResults = results.filter(result => !!result);
+
+        return processLintReport(this, {
+            results: finalResults
+        });
     }
 
     /**
@@ -561,15 +981,22 @@ class ESLint {
      * @returns {Promise<LintResult[]>} The results of linting the string of code given.
      */
     async lintText(code, options = {}) {
+
+        // Parameter validation
+
         if (typeof code !== "string") {
             throw new Error("'code' must be a string");
         }
+
         if (typeof options !== "object") {
             throw new Error("'options' must be an object, null, or undefined");
         }
+
+        // Options validation
+
         const {
             filePath,
-            warnIgnored = false,
+            warnIgnored,
             ...unknownOptions
         } = options || {};
 
@@ -582,16 +1009,59 @@ class ESLint {
         if (filePath !== void 0 && !isNonEmptyString(filePath)) {
             throw new Error("'options.filePath' must be a non-empty string or undefined");
         }
-        if (typeof warnIgnored !== "boolean") {
+
+        if (typeof warnIgnored !== "boolean" && typeof warnIgnored !== "undefined") {
             throw new Error("'options.warnIgnored' must be a boolean or undefined");
         }
 
-        const { cliEngine } = privateMembersMap.get(this);
+        // Now we can get down to linting
+
+        const {
+            linter,
+            options: eslintOptions
+        } = privateMembers.get(this);
+        const configs = await calculateConfigArray(this, eslintOptions);
+        const {
+            allowInlineConfig,
+            cwd,
+            fix,
+            warnIgnored: constructorWarnIgnored,
+            ruleFilter,
+            stats
+        } = eslintOptions;
+        const results = [];
+        const startTime = Date.now();
+        const resolvedFilename = path.resolve(cwd, filePath || "__placeholder__.js");
+
+        // Clear the last used config arrays.
+        if (resolvedFilename && await this.isPathIgnored(resolvedFilename)) {
+            const shouldWarnIgnored = typeof warnIgnored === "boolean" ? warnIgnored : constructorWarnIgnored;
+
+            if (shouldWarnIgnored) {
+                results.push(createIgnoreResult(resolvedFilename, cwd));
+            }
+        } else {
+
+            // Do lint.
+            results.push(verifyText({
+                text: code,
+                filePath: resolvedFilename.endsWith("__placeholder__.js") ? "<text>" : resolvedFilename,
+                configs,
+                cwd,
+                fix,
+                allowInlineConfig,
+                ruleFilter,
+                stats,
+                linter
+            }));
+        }
+
+        debug(`Linting complete in: ${Date.now() - startTime}ms`);
+
+        return processLintReport(this, {
+            results
+        });
 
-        return processCLIEngineLintReport(
-            cliEngine,
-            cliEngine.executeOnText(code, filePath, warnIgnored)
-        );
     }
 
     /**
@@ -605,7 +1075,7 @@ class ESLint {
      *   - `@foo` → `@foo/eslint-formatter`
      *   - `@foo/bar` → `@foo/eslint-formatter-bar`
      * - A file path ... Load the file.
-     * @returns {Promise<LoadedFormatter>} A promise resolving to the formatter object.
+     * @returns {Promise<Formatter>} A promise resolving to the formatter object.
      * This promise will be rejected if the given formatter was not found or not
      * a function.
      */
@@ -614,20 +1084,60 @@ class ESLint {
             throw new Error("'name' must be a string");
         }
 
-        const { cliEngine, options } = privateMembersMap.get(this);
-        const formatter = cliEngine.getFormatter(name);
+        // replace \ with / for Windows compatibility
+        const normalizedFormatName = name.replace(/\\/gu, "/");
+        const namespace = naming.getNamespaceFromTerm(normalizedFormatName);
+
+        // grab our options
+        const { cwd } = privateMembers.get(this).options;
+
+
+        let formatterPath;
+
+        // if there's a slash, then it's a file (TODO: this check seems dubious for scoped npm packages)
+        if (!namespace && normalizedFormatName.includes("/")) {
+            formatterPath = path.resolve(cwd, normalizedFormatName);
+        } else {
+            try {
+                const npmFormat = naming.normalizePackageName(normalizedFormatName, "eslint-formatter");
+
+                // TODO: This is pretty dirty...would be nice to clean up at some point.
+                formatterPath = ModuleResolver.resolve(npmFormat, getPlaceholderPath(cwd));
+            } catch {
+                formatterPath = path.resolve(__dirname, "../", "cli-engine", "formatters", `${normalizedFormatName}.js`);
+            }
+        }
+
+        let formatter;
+
+        try {
+            formatter = (await import(pathToFileURL(formatterPath))).default;
+        } catch (ex) {
+
+            // check for formatters that have been removed
+            if (removedFormatters.has(name)) {
+                ex.message = `The ${name} formatter is no longer part of core ESLint. Install it manually with \`npm install -D eslint-formatter-${name}\``;
+            } else {
+                ex.message = `There was a problem loading formatter: ${formatterPath}\nError: ${ex.message}`;
+            }
+
+            throw ex;
+        }
+
 
         if (typeof formatter !== "function") {
-            throw new Error(`Formatter must be a function, but got a ${typeof formatter}.`);
+            throw new TypeError(`Formatter must be a function, but got a ${typeof formatter}.`);
         }
 
+        const eslint = this;
+
         return {
 
             /**
              * The main formatter method.
-             * @param {LintResult[]} results The lint results to format.
+             * @param {LintResults[]} results The lint results to format.
              * @param {ResultsMeta} resultsMeta Warning count and max threshold.
-             * @returns {string | Promise<string>} The formatted lint results.
+             * @returns {string} The formatted lint results.
              */
             format(results, resultsMeta) {
                 let rulesMeta = null;
@@ -636,12 +1146,10 @@ class ESLint {
 
                 return formatter(results, {
                     ...resultsMeta,
-                    get cwd() {
-                        return options.cwd;
-                    },
+                    cwd,
                     get rulesMeta() {
                         if (!rulesMeta) {
-                            rulesMeta = createRulesMeta(cliEngine.getRules());
+                            rulesMeta = eslint.getRulesMetaForResults(results);
                         }
 
                         return rulesMeta;
@@ -656,15 +1164,31 @@ class ESLint {
      * This is the same logic used by the ESLint CLI executable to determine
      * configuration for each file it processes.
      * @param {string} filePath The path of the file to retrieve a config object for.
-     * @returns {Promise<ConfigData>} A configuration object for the file.
+     * @returns {Promise<ConfigData|undefined>} A configuration object for the file
+     *      or `undefined` if there is no configuration data for the object.
      */
     async calculateConfigForFile(filePath) {
         if (!isNonEmptyString(filePath)) {
             throw new Error("'filePath' must be a non-empty string");
         }
-        const { cliEngine } = privateMembersMap.get(this);
+        const options = privateMembers.get(this).options;
+        const absolutePath = path.resolve(options.cwd, filePath);
+        const configs = await calculateConfigArray(this, options);
 
-        return cliEngine.getConfigForFile(filePath);
+        return configs.getConfig(absolutePath);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Finds the config file being used by this instance based on the options
+     * passed to the constructor.
+     * @returns {string|undefined} The path to the config file being used or
+     *      `undefined` if no config file is being used.
+     */
+    async findConfigFile() {
+        const options = privateMembers.get(this).options;
+        const { configFilePath } = await locateConfigFileToUse(options);
+
+        return configFilePath;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -673,21 +1197,19 @@ class ESLint {
      * @returns {Promise<boolean>} Whether or not the given path is ignored.
      */
     async isPathIgnored(filePath) {
-        if (!isNonEmptyString(filePath)) {
-            throw new Error("'filePath' must be a non-empty string");
-        }
-        const { cliEngine } = privateMembersMap.get(this);
+        const config = await this.calculateConfigForFile(filePath);
 
-        return cliEngine.isPathIgnored(filePath);
+        return config === void 0;
     }
 }
 
 /**
- * The type of configuration used by this class.
- * @type {string}
- * @static
+ * Returns whether flat config should be used.
+ * @returns {Promise<boolean>} Whether flat config should be used.
  */
-ESLint.configType = "eslintrc";
+async function shouldUseFlatConfig() {
+    return (process.env.ESLINT_USE_FLAT_CONFIG !== "false");
+}
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Public Interface
@@ -695,13 +1217,6 @@ ESLint.configType = "eslintrc";
 
 module.exports = {
     ESLint,
-
-    /**
-     * Get the private class members of a given ESLint instance for tests.
-     * @param {ESLint} instance The ESLint instance to get.
-     * @returns {ESLintPrivateMembers} The instance's private class members.
-     */
-    getESLintPrivateMembers(instance) {
-        return privateMembersMap.get(instance);
-    }
+    shouldUseFlatConfig,
+    locateConfigFileToUse
 };