@vodailoc/kilo-kit-mcp 1.1.0 → 1.2.0

package/skills/writing-docs/pptx/scripts/thumbnail.py

@@ -1,450 +1,450 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-"""
-Create thumbnail grids from PowerPoint presentation slides.
-
-Creates a grid layout of slide thumbnails with configurable columns (max 6).
-Each grid contains up to cols×(cols+1) images. For presentations with more
-slides, multiple numbered grid files are created automatically.
-
-The program outputs the names of all files created.
-
-Output:
-- Single grid: {prefix}.jpg (if slides fit in one grid)
-- Multiple grids: {prefix}-1.jpg, {prefix}-2.jpg, etc.
-
-Grid limits by column count:
-- 3 cols: max 12 slides per grid (3×4)
-- 4 cols: max 20 slides per grid (4×5)
-- 5 cols: max 30 slides per grid (5×6) [default]
-- 6 cols: max 42 slides per grid (6×7)
-
-Usage:
-    python thumbnail.py input.pptx [output_prefix] [--cols N] [--outline-placeholders]
-
-Examples:
-    python thumbnail.py presentation.pptx
-    # Creates: thumbnails.jpg (using default prefix)
-    # Outputs:
-    #   Created 1 grid(s):
-    #     - thumbnails.jpg
-
-    python thumbnail.py large-deck.pptx grid --cols 4
-    # Creates: grid-1.jpg, grid-2.jpg, grid-3.jpg
-    # Outputs:
-    #   Created 3 grid(s):
-    #     - grid-1.jpg
-    #     - grid-2.jpg
-    #     - grid-3.jpg
-
-    python thumbnail.py template.pptx analysis --outline-placeholders
-    # Creates thumbnail grids with red outlines around text placeholders
-"""
-
-import argparse
-import subprocess
-import sys
-import tempfile
-from pathlib import Path
-
-from inventory import extract_text_inventory
-from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
-from pptx import Presentation
-
-# Constants
-THUMBNAIL_WIDTH = 300  # Fixed thumbnail width in pixels
-CONVERSION_DPI = 100  # DPI for PDF to image conversion
-MAX_COLS = 6  # Maximum number of columns
-DEFAULT_COLS = 5  # Default number of columns
-JPEG_QUALITY = 95  # JPEG compression quality
-
-# Grid layout constants
-GRID_PADDING = 20  # Padding between thumbnails
-BORDER_WIDTH = 2  # Border width around thumbnails
-FONT_SIZE_RATIO = 0.12  # Font size as fraction of thumbnail width
-LABEL_PADDING_RATIO = 0.4  # Label padding as fraction of font size
-
-
-def main():
-    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
-        description="Create thumbnail grids from PowerPoint slides."
-    )
-    parser.add_argument("input", help="Input PowerPoint file (.pptx)")
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "output_prefix",
-        nargs="?",
-        default="thumbnails",
-        help="Output prefix for image files (default: thumbnails, will create prefix.jpg or prefix-N.jpg)",
-    )
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "--cols",
-        type=int,
-        default=DEFAULT_COLS,
-        help=f"Number of columns (default: {DEFAULT_COLS}, max: {MAX_COLS})",
-    )
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "--outline-placeholders",
-        action="store_true",
-        help="Outline text placeholders with a colored border",
-    )
-
-    args = parser.parse_args()
-
-    # Validate columns
-    cols = min(args.cols, MAX_COLS)
-    if args.cols > MAX_COLS:
-        print(f"Warning: Columns limited to {MAX_COLS} (requested {args.cols})")
-
-    # Validate input
-    input_path = Path(args.input)
-    if not input_path.exists() or input_path.suffix.lower() != ".pptx":
-        print(f"Error: Invalid PowerPoint file: {args.input}")
-        sys.exit(1)
-
-    # Construct output path (always JPG)
-    output_path = Path(f"{args.output_prefix}.jpg")
-
-    print(f"Processing: {args.input}")
-
-    try:
-        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
-            # Get placeholder regions if outlining is enabled
-            placeholder_regions = None
-            slide_dimensions = None
-            if args.outline_placeholders:
-                print("Extracting placeholder regions...")
-                placeholder_regions, slide_dimensions = get_placeholder_regions(
-                    input_path
-                )
-                if placeholder_regions:
-                    print(f"Found placeholders on {len(placeholder_regions)} slides")
-
-            # Convert slides to images
-            slide_images = convert_to_images(input_path, Path(temp_dir), CONVERSION_DPI)
-            if not slide_images:
-                print("Error: No slides found")
-                sys.exit(1)
-
-            print(f"Found {len(slide_images)} slides")
-
-            # Create grids (max cols×(cols+1) images per grid)
-            grid_files = create_grids(
-                slide_images,
-                cols,
-                THUMBNAIL_WIDTH,
-                output_path,
-                placeholder_regions,
-                slide_dimensions,
-            )
-
-            # Print saved files
-            print(f"Created {len(grid_files)} grid(s):")
-            for grid_file in grid_files:
-                print(f"  - {grid_file}")
-
-    except Exception as e:
-        print(f"Error: {e}")
-        sys.exit(1)
-
-
-def create_hidden_slide_placeholder(size):
-    """Create placeholder image for hidden slides."""
-    img = Image.new("RGB", size, color="#F0F0F0")
-    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
-    line_width = max(5, min(size) // 100)
-    draw.line([(0, 0), size], fill="#CCCCCC", width=line_width)
-    draw.line([(size[0], 0), (0, size[1])], fill="#CCCCCC", width=line_width)
-    return img
-
-
-def get_placeholder_regions(pptx_path):
-    """Extract ALL text regions from the presentation.
-
-    Returns a tuple of (placeholder_regions, slide_dimensions).
-    text_regions is a dict mapping slide indices to lists of text regions.
-    Each region is a dict with 'left', 'top', 'width', 'height' in inches.
-    slide_dimensions is a tuple of (width_inches, height_inches).
-    """
-    prs = Presentation(str(pptx_path))
-    inventory = extract_text_inventory(pptx_path, prs)
-    placeholder_regions = {}
-
-    # Get actual slide dimensions in inches (EMU to inches conversion)
-    slide_width_inches = (prs.slide_width or 9144000) / 914400.0
-    slide_height_inches = (prs.slide_height or 5143500) / 914400.0
-
-    for slide_key, shapes in inventory.items():
-        # Extract slide index from "slide-N" format
-        slide_idx = int(slide_key.split("-")[1])
-        regions = []
-
-        for shape_key, shape_data in shapes.items():
-            # The inventory only contains shapes with text, so all shapes should be highlighted
-            regions.append(
-                {
-                    "left": shape_data.left,
-                    "top": shape_data.top,
-                    "width": shape_data.width,
-                    "height": shape_data.height,
-                }
-            )
-
-        if regions:
-            placeholder_regions[slide_idx] = regions
-
-    return placeholder_regions, (slide_width_inches, slide_height_inches)
-
-
-def convert_to_images(pptx_path, temp_dir, dpi):
-    """Convert PowerPoint to images via PDF, handling hidden slides."""
-    # Detect hidden slides
-    print("Analyzing presentation...")
-    prs = Presentation(str(pptx_path))
-    total_slides = len(prs.slides)
-
-    # Find hidden slides (1-based indexing for display)
-    hidden_slides = {
-        idx + 1
-        for idx, slide in enumerate(prs.slides)
-        if slide.element.get("show") == "0"
-    }
-
-    print(f"Total slides: {total_slides}")
-    if hidden_slides:
-        print(f"Hidden slides: {sorted(hidden_slides)}")
-
-    pdf_path = temp_dir / f"{pptx_path.stem}.pdf"
-
-    # Convert to PDF
-    print("Converting to PDF...")
-    result = subprocess.run(
-        [
-            "soffice",
-            "--headless",
-            "--convert-to",
-            "pdf",
-            "--outdir",
-            str(temp_dir),
-            str(pptx_path),
-        ],
-        capture_output=True,
-        text=True,
-    )
-    if result.returncode != 0 or not pdf_path.exists():
-        raise RuntimeError("PDF conversion failed")
-
-    # Convert PDF to images
-    print(f"Converting to images at {dpi} DPI...")
-    result = subprocess.run(
-        ["pdftoppm", "-jpeg", "-r", str(dpi), str(pdf_path), str(temp_dir / "slide")],
-        capture_output=True,
-        text=True,
-    )
-    if result.returncode != 0:
-        raise RuntimeError("Image conversion failed")
-
-    visible_images = sorted(temp_dir.glob("slide-*.jpg"))
-
-    # Create full list with placeholders for hidden slides
-    all_images = []
-    visible_idx = 0
-
-    # Get placeholder dimensions from first visible slide
-    if visible_images:
-        with Image.open(visible_images[0]) as img:
-            placeholder_size = img.size
-    else:
-        placeholder_size = (1920, 1080)
-
-    for slide_num in range(1, total_slides + 1):
-        if slide_num in hidden_slides:
-            # Create placeholder image for hidden slide
-            placeholder_path = temp_dir / f"hidden-{slide_num:03d}.jpg"
-            placeholder_img = create_hidden_slide_placeholder(placeholder_size)
-            placeholder_img.save(placeholder_path, "JPEG")
-            all_images.append(placeholder_path)
-        else:
-            # Use the actual visible slide image
-            if visible_idx < len(visible_images):
-                all_images.append(visible_images[visible_idx])
-                visible_idx += 1
-
-    return all_images
-
-
-def create_grids(
-    image_paths,
-    cols,
-    width,
-    output_path,
-    placeholder_regions=None,
-    slide_dimensions=None,
-):
-    """Create multiple thumbnail grids from slide images, max cols×(cols+1) images per grid."""
-    # Maximum images per grid is cols × (cols + 1) for better proportions
-    max_images_per_grid = cols * (cols + 1)
-    grid_files = []
-
-    print(
-        f"Creating grids with {cols} columns (max {max_images_per_grid} images per grid)"
-    )
-
-    # Split images into chunks
-    for chunk_idx, start_idx in enumerate(
-        range(0, len(image_paths), max_images_per_grid)
-    ):
-        end_idx = min(start_idx + max_images_per_grid, len(image_paths))
-        chunk_images = image_paths[start_idx:end_idx]
-
-        # Create grid for this chunk
-        grid = create_grid(
-            chunk_images, cols, width, start_idx, placeholder_regions, slide_dimensions
-        )
-
-        # Generate output filename
-        if len(image_paths) <= max_images_per_grid:
-            # Single grid - use base filename without suffix
-            grid_filename = output_path
-        else:
-            # Multiple grids - insert index before extension with dash
-            stem = output_path.stem
-            suffix = output_path.suffix
-            grid_filename = output_path.parent / f"{stem}-{chunk_idx + 1}{suffix}"
-
-        # Save grid
-        grid_filename.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-        grid.save(str(grid_filename), quality=JPEG_QUALITY)
-        grid_files.append(str(grid_filename))
-
-    return grid_files
-
-
-def create_grid(
-    image_paths,
-    cols,
-    width,
-    start_slide_num=0,
-    placeholder_regions=None,
-    slide_dimensions=None,
-):
-    """Create thumbnail grid from slide images with optional placeholder outlining."""
-    font_size = int(width * FONT_SIZE_RATIO)
-    label_padding = int(font_size * LABEL_PADDING_RATIO)
-
-    # Get dimensions
-    with Image.open(image_paths[0]) as img:
-        aspect = img.height / img.width
-    height = int(width * aspect)
-
-    # Calculate grid size
-    rows = (len(image_paths) + cols - 1) // cols
-    grid_w = cols * width + (cols + 1) * GRID_PADDING
-    grid_h = rows * (height + font_size + label_padding * 2) + (rows + 1) * GRID_PADDING
-
-    # Create grid
-    grid = Image.new("RGB", (grid_w, grid_h), "white")
-    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(grid)
-
-    # Load font with size based on thumbnail width
-    try:
-        # Use Pillow's default font with size
-        font = ImageFont.load_default(size=font_size)
-    except Exception:
-        # Fall back to basic default font if size parameter not supported
-        font = ImageFont.load_default()
-
-    # Place thumbnails
-    for i, img_path in enumerate(image_paths):
-        row, col = i // cols, i % cols
-        x = col * width + (col + 1) * GRID_PADDING
-        y_base = (
-            row * (height + font_size + label_padding * 2) + (row + 1) * GRID_PADDING
-        )
-
-        # Add label with actual slide number
-        label = f"{start_slide_num + i}"
-        bbox = draw.textbbox((0, 0), label, font=font)
-        text_w = bbox[2] - bbox[0]
-        draw.text(
-            (x + (width - text_w) // 2, y_base + label_padding),
-            label,
-            fill="black",
-            font=font,
-        )
-
-        # Add thumbnail below label with proportional spacing
-        y_thumbnail = y_base + label_padding + font_size + label_padding
-
-        with Image.open(img_path) as img:
-            # Get original dimensions before thumbnail
-            orig_w, orig_h = img.size
-
-            # Apply placeholder outlines if enabled
-            if placeholder_regions and (start_slide_num + i) in placeholder_regions:
-                # Convert to RGBA for transparency support
-                if img.mode != "RGBA":
-                    img = img.convert("RGBA")
-
-                # Get the regions for this slide
-                regions = placeholder_regions[start_slide_num + i]
-
-                # Calculate scale factors using actual slide dimensions
-                if slide_dimensions:
-                    slide_width_inches, slide_height_inches = slide_dimensions
-                else:
-                    # Fallback: estimate from image size at CONVERSION_DPI
-                    slide_width_inches = orig_w / CONVERSION_DPI
-                    slide_height_inches = orig_h / CONVERSION_DPI
-
-                x_scale = orig_w / slide_width_inches
-                y_scale = orig_h / slide_height_inches
-
-                # Create a highlight overlay
-                overlay = Image.new("RGBA", img.size, (255, 255, 255, 0))
-                overlay_draw = ImageDraw.Draw(overlay)
-
-                # Highlight each placeholder region
-                for region in regions:
-                    # Convert from inches to pixels in the original image
-                    px_left = int(region["left"] * x_scale)
-                    px_top = int(region["top"] * y_scale)
-                    px_width = int(region["width"] * x_scale)
-                    px_height = int(region["height"] * y_scale)
-
-                    # Draw highlight outline with red color and thick stroke
-                    # Using a bright red outline instead of fill
-                    stroke_width = max(
-                        5, min(orig_w, orig_h) // 150
-                    )  # Thicker proportional stroke width
-                    overlay_draw.rectangle(
-                        [(px_left, px_top), (px_left + px_width, px_top + px_height)],
-                        outline=(255, 0, 0, 255),  # Bright red, fully opaque
-                        width=stroke_width,
-                    )
-
-                # Composite the overlay onto the image using alpha blending
-                img = Image.alpha_composite(img, overlay)
-                # Convert back to RGB for JPEG saving
-                img = img.convert("RGB")
-
-            img.thumbnail((width, height), Image.Resampling.LANCZOS)
-            w, h = img.size
-            tx = x + (width - w) // 2
-            ty = y_thumbnail + (height - h) // 2
-            grid.paste(img, (tx, ty))
-
-            # Add border
-            if BORDER_WIDTH > 0:
-                draw.rectangle(
-                    [
-                        (tx - BORDER_WIDTH, ty - BORDER_WIDTH),
-                        (tx + w + BORDER_WIDTH - 1, ty + h + BORDER_WIDTH - 1),
-                    ],
-                    outline="gray",
-                    width=BORDER_WIDTH,
-                )
-
-    return grid
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    main()
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Create thumbnail grids from PowerPoint presentation slides.
+
+Creates a grid layout of slide thumbnails with configurable columns (max 6).
+Each grid contains up to cols×(cols+1) images. For presentations with more
+slides, multiple numbered grid files are created automatically.
+
+The program outputs the names of all files created.
+
+Output:
+- Single grid: {prefix}.jpg (if slides fit in one grid)
+- Multiple grids: {prefix}-1.jpg, {prefix}-2.jpg, etc.
+
+Grid limits by column count:
+- 3 cols: max 12 slides per grid (3×4)
+- 4 cols: max 20 slides per grid (4×5)
+- 5 cols: max 30 slides per grid (5×6) [default]
+- 6 cols: max 42 slides per grid (6×7)
+
+Usage:
+    python thumbnail.py input.pptx [output_prefix] [--cols N] [--outline-placeholders]
+
+Examples:
+    python thumbnail.py presentation.pptx
+    # Creates: thumbnails.jpg (using default prefix)
+    # Outputs:
+    #   Created 1 grid(s):
+    #     - thumbnails.jpg
+
+    python thumbnail.py large-deck.pptx grid --cols 4
+    # Creates: grid-1.jpg, grid-2.jpg, grid-3.jpg
+    # Outputs:
+    #   Created 3 grid(s):
+    #     - grid-1.jpg
+    #     - grid-2.jpg
+    #     - grid-3.jpg
+
+    python thumbnail.py template.pptx analysis --outline-placeholders
+    # Creates thumbnail grids with red outlines around text placeholders
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import tempfile
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from inventory import extract_text_inventory
+from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
+from pptx import Presentation
+
+# Constants
+THUMBNAIL_WIDTH = 300  # Fixed thumbnail width in pixels
+CONVERSION_DPI = 100  # DPI for PDF to image conversion
+MAX_COLS = 6  # Maximum number of columns
+DEFAULT_COLS = 5  # Default number of columns
+JPEG_QUALITY = 95  # JPEG compression quality
+
+# Grid layout constants
+GRID_PADDING = 20  # Padding between thumbnails
+BORDER_WIDTH = 2  # Border width around thumbnails
+FONT_SIZE_RATIO = 0.12  # Font size as fraction of thumbnail width
+LABEL_PADDING_RATIO = 0.4  # Label padding as fraction of font size
+
+
+def main():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description="Create thumbnail grids from PowerPoint slides."
+    )
+    parser.add_argument("input", help="Input PowerPoint file (.pptx)")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "output_prefix",
+        nargs="?",
+        default="thumbnails",
+        help="Output prefix for image files (default: thumbnails, will create prefix.jpg or prefix-N.jpg)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--cols",
+        type=int,
+        default=DEFAULT_COLS,
+        help=f"Number of columns (default: {DEFAULT_COLS}, max: {MAX_COLS})",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--outline-placeholders",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Outline text placeholders with a colored border",
+    )
+
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    # Validate columns
+    cols = min(args.cols, MAX_COLS)
+    if args.cols > MAX_COLS:
+        print(f"Warning: Columns limited to {MAX_COLS} (requested {args.cols})")
+
+    # Validate input
+    input_path = Path(args.input)
+    if not input_path.exists() or input_path.suffix.lower() != ".pptx":
+        print(f"Error: Invalid PowerPoint file: {args.input}")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    # Construct output path (always JPG)
+    output_path = Path(f"{args.output_prefix}.jpg")
+
+    print(f"Processing: {args.input}")
+
+    try:
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+            # Get placeholder regions if outlining is enabled
+            placeholder_regions = None
+            slide_dimensions = None
+            if args.outline_placeholders:
+                print("Extracting placeholder regions...")
+                placeholder_regions, slide_dimensions = get_placeholder_regions(
+                    input_path
+                )
+                if placeholder_regions:
+                    print(f"Found placeholders on {len(placeholder_regions)} slides")
+
+            # Convert slides to images
+            slide_images = convert_to_images(input_path, Path(temp_dir), CONVERSION_DPI)
+            if not slide_images:
+                print("Error: No slides found")
+                sys.exit(1)
+
+            print(f"Found {len(slide_images)} slides")
+
+            # Create grids (max cols×(cols+1) images per grid)
+            grid_files = create_grids(
+                slide_images,
+                cols,
+                THUMBNAIL_WIDTH,
+                output_path,
+                placeholder_regions,
+                slide_dimensions,
+            )
+
+            # Print saved files
+            print(f"Created {len(grid_files)} grid(s):")
+            for grid_file in grid_files:
+                print(f"  - {grid_file}")
+
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"Error: {e}")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+
+def create_hidden_slide_placeholder(size):
+    """Create placeholder image for hidden slides."""
+    img = Image.new("RGB", size, color="#F0F0F0")
+    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
+    line_width = max(5, min(size) // 100)
+    draw.line([(0, 0), size], fill="#CCCCCC", width=line_width)
+    draw.line([(size[0], 0), (0, size[1])], fill="#CCCCCC", width=line_width)
+    return img
+
+
+def get_placeholder_regions(pptx_path):
+    """Extract ALL text regions from the presentation.
+
+    Returns a tuple of (placeholder_regions, slide_dimensions).
+    text_regions is a dict mapping slide indices to lists of text regions.
+    Each region is a dict with 'left', 'top', 'width', 'height' in inches.
+    slide_dimensions is a tuple of (width_inches, height_inches).
+    """
+    prs = Presentation(str(pptx_path))
+    inventory = extract_text_inventory(pptx_path, prs)
+    placeholder_regions = {}
+
+    # Get actual slide dimensions in inches (EMU to inches conversion)
+    slide_width_inches = (prs.slide_width or 9144000) / 914400.0
+    slide_height_inches = (prs.slide_height or 5143500) / 914400.0
+
+    for slide_key, shapes in inventory.items():
+        # Extract slide index from "slide-N" format
+        slide_idx = int(slide_key.split("-")[1])
+        regions = []
+
+        for shape_key, shape_data in shapes.items():
+            # The inventory only contains shapes with text, so all shapes should be highlighted
+            regions.append(
+                {
+                    "left": shape_data.left,
+                    "top": shape_data.top,
+                    "width": shape_data.width,
+                    "height": shape_data.height,
+                }
+            )
+
+        if regions:
+            placeholder_regions[slide_idx] = regions
+
+    return placeholder_regions, (slide_width_inches, slide_height_inches)
+
+
+def convert_to_images(pptx_path, temp_dir, dpi):
+    """Convert PowerPoint to images via PDF, handling hidden slides."""
+    # Detect hidden slides
+    print("Analyzing presentation...")
+    prs = Presentation(str(pptx_path))
+    total_slides = len(prs.slides)
+
+    # Find hidden slides (1-based indexing for display)
+    hidden_slides = {
+        idx + 1
+        for idx, slide in enumerate(prs.slides)
+        if slide.element.get("show") == "0"
+    }
+
+    print(f"Total slides: {total_slides}")
+    if hidden_slides:
+        print(f"Hidden slides: {sorted(hidden_slides)}")
+
+    pdf_path = temp_dir / f"{pptx_path.stem}.pdf"
+
+    # Convert to PDF
+    print("Converting to PDF...")
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [
+            "soffice",
+            "--headless",
+            "--convert-to",
+            "pdf",
+            "--outdir",
+            str(temp_dir),
+            str(pptx_path),
+        ],
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0 or not pdf_path.exists():
+        raise RuntimeError("PDF conversion failed")
+
+    # Convert PDF to images
+    print(f"Converting to images at {dpi} DPI...")
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["pdftoppm", "-jpeg", "-r", str(dpi), str(pdf_path), str(temp_dir / "slide")],
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        raise RuntimeError("Image conversion failed")
+
+    visible_images = sorted(temp_dir.glob("slide-*.jpg"))
+
+    # Create full list with placeholders for hidden slides
+    all_images = []
+    visible_idx = 0
+
+    # Get placeholder dimensions from first visible slide
+    if visible_images:
+        with Image.open(visible_images[0]) as img:
+            placeholder_size = img.size
+    else:
+        placeholder_size = (1920, 1080)
+
+    for slide_num in range(1, total_slides + 1):
+        if slide_num in hidden_slides:
+            # Create placeholder image for hidden slide
+            placeholder_path = temp_dir / f"hidden-{slide_num:03d}.jpg"
+            placeholder_img = create_hidden_slide_placeholder(placeholder_size)
+            placeholder_img.save(placeholder_path, "JPEG")
+            all_images.append(placeholder_path)
+        else:
+            # Use the actual visible slide image
+            if visible_idx < len(visible_images):
+                all_images.append(visible_images[visible_idx])
+                visible_idx += 1
+
+    return all_images
+
+
+def create_grids(
+    image_paths,
+    cols,
+    width,
+    output_path,
+    placeholder_regions=None,
+    slide_dimensions=None,
+):
+    """Create multiple thumbnail grids from slide images, max cols×(cols+1) images per grid."""
+    # Maximum images per grid is cols × (cols + 1) for better proportions
+    max_images_per_grid = cols * (cols + 1)
+    grid_files = []
+
+    print(
+        f"Creating grids with {cols} columns (max {max_images_per_grid} images per grid)"
+    )
+
+    # Split images into chunks
+    for chunk_idx, start_idx in enumerate(
+        range(0, len(image_paths), max_images_per_grid)
+    ):
+        end_idx = min(start_idx + max_images_per_grid, len(image_paths))
+        chunk_images = image_paths[start_idx:end_idx]
+
+        # Create grid for this chunk
+        grid = create_grid(
+            chunk_images, cols, width, start_idx, placeholder_regions, slide_dimensions
+        )
+
+        # Generate output filename
+        if len(image_paths) <= max_images_per_grid:
+            # Single grid - use base filename without suffix
+            grid_filename = output_path
+        else:
+            # Multiple grids - insert index before extension with dash
+            stem = output_path.stem
+            suffix = output_path.suffix
+            grid_filename = output_path.parent / f"{stem}-{chunk_idx + 1}{suffix}"
+
+        # Save grid
+        grid_filename.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+        grid.save(str(grid_filename), quality=JPEG_QUALITY)
+        grid_files.append(str(grid_filename))
+
+    return grid_files
+
+
+def create_grid(
+    image_paths,
+    cols,
+    width,
+    start_slide_num=0,
+    placeholder_regions=None,
+    slide_dimensions=None,
+):
+    """Create thumbnail grid from slide images with optional placeholder outlining."""
+    font_size = int(width * FONT_SIZE_RATIO)
+    label_padding = int(font_size * LABEL_PADDING_RATIO)
+
+    # Get dimensions
+    with Image.open(image_paths[0]) as img:
+        aspect = img.height / img.width
+    height = int(width * aspect)
+
+    # Calculate grid size
+    rows = (len(image_paths) + cols - 1) // cols
+    grid_w = cols * width + (cols + 1) * GRID_PADDING
+    grid_h = rows * (height + font_size + label_padding * 2) + (rows + 1) * GRID_PADDING
+
+    # Create grid
+    grid = Image.new("RGB", (grid_w, grid_h), "white")
+    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(grid)
+
+    # Load font with size based on thumbnail width
+    try:
+        # Use Pillow's default font with size
+        font = ImageFont.load_default(size=font_size)
+    except Exception:
+        # Fall back to basic default font if size parameter not supported
+        font = ImageFont.load_default()
+
+    # Place thumbnails
+    for i, img_path in enumerate(image_paths):
+        row, col = i // cols, i % cols
+        x = col * width + (col + 1) * GRID_PADDING
+        y_base = (
+            row * (height + font_size + label_padding * 2) + (row + 1) * GRID_PADDING
+        )
+
+        # Add label with actual slide number
+        label = f"{start_slide_num + i}"
+        bbox = draw.textbbox((0, 0), label, font=font)
+        text_w = bbox[2] - bbox[0]
+        draw.text(
+            (x + (width - text_w) // 2, y_base + label_padding),
+            label,
+            fill="black",
+            font=font,
+        )
+
+        # Add thumbnail below label with proportional spacing
+        y_thumbnail = y_base + label_padding + font_size + label_padding
+
+        with Image.open(img_path) as img:
+            # Get original dimensions before thumbnail
+            orig_w, orig_h = img.size
+
+            # Apply placeholder outlines if enabled
+            if placeholder_regions and (start_slide_num + i) in placeholder_regions:
+                # Convert to RGBA for transparency support
+                if img.mode != "RGBA":
+                    img = img.convert("RGBA")
+
+                # Get the regions for this slide
+                regions = placeholder_regions[start_slide_num + i]
+
+                # Calculate scale factors using actual slide dimensions
+                if slide_dimensions:
+                    slide_width_inches, slide_height_inches = slide_dimensions
+                else:
+                    # Fallback: estimate from image size at CONVERSION_DPI
+                    slide_width_inches = orig_w / CONVERSION_DPI
+                    slide_height_inches = orig_h / CONVERSION_DPI
+
+                x_scale = orig_w / slide_width_inches
+                y_scale = orig_h / slide_height_inches
+
+                # Create a highlight overlay
+                overlay = Image.new("RGBA", img.size, (255, 255, 255, 0))
+                overlay_draw = ImageDraw.Draw(overlay)
+
+                # Highlight each placeholder region
+                for region in regions:
+                    # Convert from inches to pixels in the original image
+                    px_left = int(region["left"] * x_scale)
+                    px_top = int(region["top"] * y_scale)
+                    px_width = int(region["width"] * x_scale)
+                    px_height = int(region["height"] * y_scale)
+
+                    # Draw highlight outline with red color and thick stroke
+                    # Using a bright red outline instead of fill
+                    stroke_width = max(
+                        5, min(orig_w, orig_h) // 150
+                    )  # Thicker proportional stroke width
+                    overlay_draw.rectangle(
+                        [(px_left, px_top), (px_left + px_width, px_top + px_height)],
+                        outline=(255, 0, 0, 255),  # Bright red, fully opaque
+                        width=stroke_width,
+                    )
+
+                # Composite the overlay onto the image using alpha blending
+                img = Image.alpha_composite(img, overlay)
+                # Convert back to RGB for JPEG saving
+                img = img.convert("RGB")
+
+            img.thumbnail((width, height), Image.Resampling.LANCZOS)
+            w, h = img.size
+            tx = x + (width - w) // 2
+            ty = y_thumbnail + (height - h) // 2
+            grid.paste(img, (tx, ty))
+
+            # Add border
+            if BORDER_WIDTH > 0:
+                draw.rectangle(
+                    [
+                        (tx - BORDER_WIDTH, ty - BORDER_WIDTH),
+                        (tx + w + BORDER_WIDTH - 1, ty + h + BORDER_WIDTH - 1),
+                    ],
+                    outline="gray",
+                    width=BORDER_WIDTH,
+                )
+
+    return grid
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()