npm - @vodailoc/kilo-kit-mcp - Versions diffs - 1.1.0 → 1.2.0 - Mend

@vodailoc/kilo-kit-mcp 1.1.0 → 1.2.0

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package/skills/ai-media/media-processing/references/ffmpeg-filters.md CHANGED Viewed

@@ -1,503 +1,503 @@
-# FFmpeg Filters & Effects
-Complete guide to video and audio filters, complex filtergraphs, and effect chains.
-## Filter Basics
-### Filter Syntax
-Filters are applied with `-vf` (video) or `-af` (audio).
-```bash
-# Single filter
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf scale=1280:720 output.mp4
-# Chain filters with comma
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "scale=1280:720,hqdn3d" output.mp4
-# Complex filtergraph with -filter_complex
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -i logo.png \
-  -filter_complex "[0:v][1:v]overlay=10:10" \
-  output.mp4
-```
-## Video Filters
-### Scale (Resize)
-Change video dimensions.
-```bash
-# Specific dimensions
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf scale=1280:720 output.mp4
-# Maintain aspect ratio (auto height)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf scale=1280:-1 output.mp4
-# Maintain aspect ratio (auto width)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf scale=-1:720 output.mp4
-# Scale to half
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf scale=iw/2:ih/2 output.mp4
-# Scale with algorithm
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf scale=1280:-1:flags=lanczos output.mp4
-```
-**Scaling algorithms:**
-- `bilinear` - Fast, default
-- `bicubic` - Better quality
-- `lanczos` - Best quality, slower
-### Crop
-Extract portion of video.
-```bash
-# Crop width:height:x:y
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf crop=1280:720:0:0 output.mp4
-# Crop from center
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf crop=1280:720:(iw-1280)/2:(ih-720)/2 output.mp4
-# Auto-detect black borders
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf cropdetect -f null -
-# Apply detected crop
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf crop=1920:800:0:140 output.mp4
-```
-### Rotate & Flip
-Change video orientation.
-```bash
-# Rotate 90° clockwise
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf transpose=1 output.mp4
-# Rotate 90° counter-clockwise
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf transpose=2 output.mp4
-# Rotate 180°
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf transpose=1,transpose=1 output.mp4
-# Flip horizontal
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf hflip output.mp4
-# Flip vertical
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf vflip output.mp4
-# Rotate arbitrary angle
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf rotate=45*PI/180 output.mp4
-```
-### Overlay (Watermark)
-Composite images over video.
-```bash
-# Top-left corner
-ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -i logo.png \
-  -filter_complex overlay=10:10 output.mp4
-# Top-right corner
-ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -i logo.png \
-  -filter_complex "overlay=W-w-10:10" output.mp4
-# Bottom-right corner
-ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -i logo.png \
-  -filter_complex "overlay=W-w-10:H-h-10" output.mp4
-# Center
-ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -i logo.png \
-  -filter_complex "overlay=(W-w)/2:(H-h)/2" output.mp4
-# With transparency
-ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -i logo.png \
-  -filter_complex "[1:v]format=rgba,colorchannelmixer=aa=0.5[logo];[0:v][logo]overlay=10:10" \
-  output.mp4
-```
-### Denoise
-Reduce video noise.
-```bash
-# High-quality denoise (hqdn3d)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf hqdn3d output.mp4
-# Stronger denoise
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf hqdn3d=4:3:6:4.5 output.mp4
-# Temporal denoise (nlmeans - slow but best)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf nlmeans output.mp4
-# Fast denoise
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf dctdnoiz output.mp4
-```
-### Deinterlace
-Remove interlacing artifacts.
-```bash
-# YADIF (fast, good quality)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf yadif output.mp4
-# YADIF with frame doubling
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf yadif=1 output.mp4
-# Bwdif (better quality)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf bwdif output.mp4
-```
-### Speed & Slow Motion
-Change playback speed.
-```bash
-# 2x speed (video + audio)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf setpts=0.5*PTS -af atempo=2.0 output.mp4
-# 0.5x speed (slow motion)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf setpts=2.0*PTS -af atempo=0.5 output.mp4
-# 4x speed (chain atempo)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf setpts=0.25*PTS -af atempo=2.0,atempo=2.0 output.mp4
-```
-### Pad (Add Borders)
-Add borders or letterbox.
-```bash
-# Add black borders to make 16:9
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "pad=1920:1080:(ow-iw)/2:(oh-ih)/2" output.mp4
-# Add colored borders
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "pad=1920:1080:(ow-iw)/2:(oh-ih)/2:color=white" output.mp4
-# Letterbox for Instagram (1:1)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "scale=1080:-1,pad=1080:1080:(ow-iw)/2:(oh-ih)/2:color=black" output.mp4
-```
-### Sharpen & Blur
-Adjust image sharpness.
-```bash
-# Sharpen (unsharp mask)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf unsharp=5:5:1.0 output.mp4
-# Stronger sharpen
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf unsharp=7:7:2.5 output.mp4
-# Gaussian blur
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf gblur=sigma=8 output.mp4
-# Box blur
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf boxblur=5:1 output.mp4
-```
-### Color Adjustments
-Modify colors and exposure.
-```bash
-# Brightness (+/- 1.0)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf eq=brightness=0.1 output.mp4
-# Contrast (+/- 2.0)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf eq=contrast=1.2 output.mp4
-# Saturation (0-3)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf eq=saturation=1.5 output.mp4
-# Gamma (0.1-10)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf eq=gamma=1.2 output.mp4
-# Combined adjustments
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf eq=brightness=0.05:contrast=1.1:saturation=1.2 output.mp4
-# Curves (color grading)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf curves=vintage output.mp4
-# Hue shift
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf hue=h=90 output.mp4
-```
-### Grayscale & Effects
-Convert to monochrome or apply effects.
-```bash
-# Grayscale
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf hue=s=0 output.mp4
-# Sepia tone
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf colorchannelmixer=.393:.769:.189:0:.349:.686:.168:0:.272:.534:.131 output.mp4
-# Negative
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf negate output.mp4
-# Edge detection
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf edgedetect output.mp4
-# Vignette
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf vignette output.mp4
-```
-### Fade In/Out
-Smooth transitions.
-```bash
-# Fade in from black (2 seconds)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf fade=in:0:60 output.mp4
-# Fade out to black (last 2 seconds)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf fade=out:st=28:d=2 output.mp4
-# Both fade in and out
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "fade=in:0:30,fade=out:st=28:d=2" output.mp4
-```
-### Stabilization
-Reduce camera shake.
-```bash
-# Two-pass stabilization
-# Pass 1: detect motion
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf vidstabdetect=shakiness=10:accuracy=15 -f null -
-# Pass 2: stabilize
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf vidstabtransform=smoothing=30:input="transforms.trf" output.mp4
-```
-### Text Overlay
-Add text to video.
-```bash
-# Simple text
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "drawtext=text='Hello World':fontsize=24:x=10:y=10" output.mp4
-# With styling
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "drawtext=text='Title':fontsize=48:fontcolor=white:x=(w-text_w)/2:y=50:box=1:boxcolor=black@0.5:boxborderw=5" output.mp4
-# Timestamp
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "drawtext=text='%{pts\:hms}':fontsize=20:x=10:y=10:fontcolor=white" output.mp4
-```
-## Audio Filters
-### Volume
-Adjust audio level.
-```bash
-# Increase by 10dB
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af volume=10dB output.mp4
-# Decrease to 50%
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af volume=0.5 output.mp4
-# Double volume
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af volume=2.0 output.mp4
-```
-### Normalize
-Balance audio levels.
-```bash
-# Loudness normalization (EBU R128)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af loudnorm output.mp4
-# With specific target
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af loudnorm=I=-16:TP=-1.5:LRA=11 output.mp4
-# Two-pass normalization (better quality)
-# Pass 1: analyze
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af loudnorm=print_format=json -f null -
-# Pass 2: normalize with measured values
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af loudnorm=measured_I=-23:measured_LRA=7:measured_TP=-2:measured_thresh=-33 output.mp4
-```
-### Equalizer
-Adjust frequency bands.
-```bash
-# Bass boost
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af equalizer=f=100:width_type=h:width=200:g=10 output.mp4
-# Treble boost
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af equalizer=f=10000:width_type=h:width=2000:g=5 output.mp4
-# Multiple bands
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af "equalizer=f=100:g=5,equalizer=f=1000:g=-3" output.mp4
-```
-### Compressor
-Dynamic range compression.
-```bash
-# Basic compression
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af acompressor output.mp4
-# Custom settings
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af acompressor=threshold=-20dB:ratio=4:attack=200:release=1000 output.mp4
-```
-### Noise Reduction
-Remove background noise.
-```bash
-# High-pass filter (remove low frequency noise)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af highpass=f=200 output.mp4
-# Low-pass filter (remove high frequency noise)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af lowpass=f=3000 output.mp4
-# Band-pass filter
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af "highpass=f=200,lowpass=f=3000" output.mp4
-```
-### Fade Audio
-Smooth audio transitions.
-```bash
-# Fade in (2 seconds)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af afade=t=in:st=0:d=2 output.mp4
-# Fade out (last 3 seconds)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af afade=t=out:st=27:d=3 output.mp4
-# Both
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af "afade=t=in:st=0:d=2,afade=t=out:st=27:d=3" output.mp4
-```
-### Audio Mixing
-Combine multiple audio tracks.
-```bash
-# Mix two audio files
-ffmpeg -i audio1.mp3 -i audio2.mp3 \
-  -filter_complex amix=inputs=2:duration=longest output.mp3
-# Mix with volume adjustment
-ffmpeg -i audio1.mp3 -i audio2.mp3 \
-  -filter_complex "[0:a]volume=0.8[a1];[1:a]volume=0.5[a2];[a1][a2]amix=inputs=2" \
-  output.mp3
-```
-## Complex Filtergraphs
-### Multiple Outputs
-Create multiple versions simultaneously.
-```bash
-# Generate 3 resolutions at once
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 \
-  -filter_complex "[0:v]split=3[v1][v2][v3]; \
-    [v1]scale=1920:1080[out1]; \
-    [v2]scale=1280:720[out2]; \
-    [v3]scale=640:360[out3]" \
-  -map "[out1]" -c:v libx264 -crf 22 output_1080p.mp4 \
-  -map "[out2]" -c:v libx264 -crf 23 output_720p.mp4 \
-  -map "[out3]" -c:v libx264 -crf 24 output_360p.mp4 \
-  -map 0:a -c:a copy
-```
-### Picture-in-Picture
-Overlay small video on main video.
-```bash
-ffmpeg -i main.mp4 -i small.mp4 \
-  -filter_complex "[1:v]scale=320:180[pip]; \
-    [0:v][pip]overlay=W-w-10:H-h-10" \
-  output.mp4
-```
-### Side-by-Side Comparison
-Compare two videos.
-```bash
-# Horizontal
-ffmpeg -i left.mp4 -i right.mp4 \
-  -filter_complex "[0:v][1:v]hstack=inputs=2" \
-  output.mp4
-# Vertical
-ffmpeg -i top.mp4 -i bottom.mp4 \
-  -filter_complex "[0:v][1:v]vstack=inputs=2" \
-  output.mp4
-```
-### Crossfade Transition
-Smooth transition between videos.
-```bash
-ffmpeg -i video1.mp4 -i video2.mp4 \
-  -filter_complex "[0:v][1:v]xfade=transition=fade:duration=2:offset=8" \
-  output.mp4
-```
-**Transition types:** fade, wipeleft, wiperight, wipeup, wipedown, slideleft, slideright, slideup, slidedown, circlecrop, rectcrop, distance, fadeblack, fadewhite, radial, smoothleft, smoothright, smoothup, smoothdown
-### Color Correction Pipeline
-Professional color grading.
-```bash
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 \
-  -filter_complex "[0:v]eq=contrast=1.1:brightness=0.05:saturation=1.2[v1]; \
-    [v1]curves=vintage[v2]; \
-    [v2]vignette[v3]; \
-    [v3]unsharp=5:5:1.0[out]" \
-  -map "[out]" -c:v libx264 -crf 18 output.mp4
-```
-## Filter Performance
-### GPU Acceleration
-Use hardware filters when available.
-```bash
-# NVIDIA CUDA scale
-ffmpeg -hwaccel cuda -i input.mp4 \
-  -vf scale_cuda=1280:720 \
-  -c:v h264_nvenc output.mp4
-# Multiple GPU filters
-ffmpeg -hwaccel cuda -i input.mp4 \
-  -vf "scale_cuda=1280:720,hwdownload,format=nv12" \
-  -c:v h264_nvenc output.mp4
-```
-### Optimize Filter Order
-More efficient filter chains.
-```bash
-# Bad: scale after complex operations
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "hqdn3d,unsharp=5:5:1.0,scale=1280:720" output.mp4
-# Good: scale first (fewer pixels to process)
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "scale=1280:720,hqdn3d,unsharp=5:5:1.0" output.mp4
-```
-## Common Filter Recipes
-### YouTube Optimized
-```bash
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 \
-  -vf "scale=1920:1080:force_original_aspect_ratio=decrease,pad=1920:1080:(ow-iw)/2:(oh-ih)/2" \
-  -c:v libx264 -preset slow -crf 18 -c:a aac -b:a 192k \
-  output.mp4
-```
-### Instagram Portrait
-```bash
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 \
-  -vf "scale=1080:1350:force_original_aspect_ratio=decrease,pad=1080:1350:(ow-iw)/2:(oh-ih)/2:color=white" \
-  -c:v libx264 -preset fast -crf 23 -c:a aac \
-  output.mp4
-```
-### Vintage Film Look
-```bash
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 \
-  -vf "curves=vintage,vignette=angle=PI/4,eq=saturation=0.8,noise=alls=10:allf=t" \
-  -c:v libx264 -crf 20 output.mp4
-```
-### Clean & Enhance
-```bash
-ffmpeg -i input.mp4 \
-  -vf "hqdn3d=4:3:6:4.5,unsharp=5:5:1.0,eq=contrast=1.05:saturation=1.1" \
-  -c:v libx264 -crf 20 output.mp4
-```
+# FFmpeg Filters & Effects
+Complete guide to video and audio filters, complex filtergraphs, and effect chains.
+## Filter Basics
+### Filter Syntax
+Filters are applied with `-vf` (video) or `-af` (audio).
+```bash
+# Single filter
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf scale=1280:720 output.mp4
+# Chain filters with comma
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "scale=1280:720,hqdn3d" output.mp4
+# Complex filtergraph with -filter_complex
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -i logo.png \
+  -filter_complex "[0:v][1:v]overlay=10:10" \
+  output.mp4
+```
+## Video Filters
+### Scale (Resize)
+Change video dimensions.
+```bash
+# Specific dimensions
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf scale=1280:720 output.mp4
+# Maintain aspect ratio (auto height)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf scale=1280:-1 output.mp4
+# Maintain aspect ratio (auto width)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf scale=-1:720 output.mp4
+# Scale to half
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf scale=iw/2:ih/2 output.mp4
+# Scale with algorithm
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf scale=1280:-1:flags=lanczos output.mp4
+```
+**Scaling algorithms:**
+- `bilinear` - Fast, default
+- `bicubic` - Better quality
+- `lanczos` - Best quality, slower
+### Crop
+Extract portion of video.
+```bash
+# Crop width:height:x:y
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf crop=1280:720:0:0 output.mp4
+# Crop from center
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf crop=1280:720:(iw-1280)/2:(ih-720)/2 output.mp4
+# Auto-detect black borders
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf cropdetect -f null -
+# Apply detected crop
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf crop=1920:800:0:140 output.mp4
+```
+### Rotate & Flip
+Change video orientation.
+```bash
+# Rotate 90° clockwise
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf transpose=1 output.mp4
+# Rotate 90° counter-clockwise
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf transpose=2 output.mp4
+# Rotate 180°
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf transpose=1,transpose=1 output.mp4
+# Flip horizontal
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf hflip output.mp4
+# Flip vertical
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf vflip output.mp4
+# Rotate arbitrary angle
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf rotate=45*PI/180 output.mp4
+```
+### Overlay (Watermark)
+Composite images over video.
+```bash
+# Top-left corner
+ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -i logo.png \
+  -filter_complex overlay=10:10 output.mp4
+# Top-right corner
+ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -i logo.png \
+  -filter_complex "overlay=W-w-10:10" output.mp4
+# Bottom-right corner
+ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -i logo.png \
+  -filter_complex "overlay=W-w-10:H-h-10" output.mp4
+# Center
+ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -i logo.png \
+  -filter_complex "overlay=(W-w)/2:(H-h)/2" output.mp4
+# With transparency
+ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -i logo.png \
+  -filter_complex "[1:v]format=rgba,colorchannelmixer=aa=0.5[logo];[0:v][logo]overlay=10:10" \
+  output.mp4
+```
+### Denoise
+Reduce video noise.
+```bash
+# High-quality denoise (hqdn3d)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf hqdn3d output.mp4
+# Stronger denoise
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf hqdn3d=4:3:6:4.5 output.mp4
+# Temporal denoise (nlmeans - slow but best)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf nlmeans output.mp4
+# Fast denoise
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf dctdnoiz output.mp4
+```
+### Deinterlace
+Remove interlacing artifacts.
+```bash
+# YADIF (fast, good quality)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf yadif output.mp4
+# YADIF with frame doubling
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf yadif=1 output.mp4
+# Bwdif (better quality)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf bwdif output.mp4
+```
+### Speed & Slow Motion
+Change playback speed.
+```bash
+# 2x speed (video + audio)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf setpts=0.5*PTS -af atempo=2.0 output.mp4
+# 0.5x speed (slow motion)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf setpts=2.0*PTS -af atempo=0.5 output.mp4
+# 4x speed (chain atempo)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf setpts=0.25*PTS -af atempo=2.0,atempo=2.0 output.mp4
+```
+### Pad (Add Borders)
+Add borders or letterbox.
+```bash
+# Add black borders to make 16:9
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "pad=1920:1080:(ow-iw)/2:(oh-ih)/2" output.mp4
+# Add colored borders
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "pad=1920:1080:(ow-iw)/2:(oh-ih)/2:color=white" output.mp4
+# Letterbox for Instagram (1:1)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "scale=1080:-1,pad=1080:1080:(ow-iw)/2:(oh-ih)/2:color=black" output.mp4
+```
+### Sharpen & Blur
+Adjust image sharpness.
+```bash
+# Sharpen (unsharp mask)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf unsharp=5:5:1.0 output.mp4
+# Stronger sharpen
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf unsharp=7:7:2.5 output.mp4
+# Gaussian blur
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf gblur=sigma=8 output.mp4
+# Box blur
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf boxblur=5:1 output.mp4
+```
+### Color Adjustments
+Modify colors and exposure.
+```bash
+# Brightness (+/- 1.0)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf eq=brightness=0.1 output.mp4
+# Contrast (+/- 2.0)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf eq=contrast=1.2 output.mp4
+# Saturation (0-3)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf eq=saturation=1.5 output.mp4
+# Gamma (0.1-10)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf eq=gamma=1.2 output.mp4
+# Combined adjustments
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf eq=brightness=0.05:contrast=1.1:saturation=1.2 output.mp4
+# Curves (color grading)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf curves=vintage output.mp4
+# Hue shift
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf hue=h=90 output.mp4
+```
+### Grayscale & Effects
+Convert to monochrome or apply effects.
+```bash
+# Grayscale
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf hue=s=0 output.mp4
+# Sepia tone
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf colorchannelmixer=.393:.769:.189:0:.349:.686:.168:0:.272:.534:.131 output.mp4
+# Negative
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf negate output.mp4
+# Edge detection
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf edgedetect output.mp4
+# Vignette
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf vignette output.mp4
+```
+### Fade In/Out
+Smooth transitions.
+```bash
+# Fade in from black (2 seconds)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf fade=in:0:60 output.mp4
+# Fade out to black (last 2 seconds)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf fade=out:st=28:d=2 output.mp4
+# Both fade in and out
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "fade=in:0:30,fade=out:st=28:d=2" output.mp4
+```
+### Stabilization
+Reduce camera shake.
+```bash
+# Two-pass stabilization
+# Pass 1: detect motion
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf vidstabdetect=shakiness=10:accuracy=15 -f null -
+# Pass 2: stabilize
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf vidstabtransform=smoothing=30:input="transforms.trf" output.mp4
+```
+### Text Overlay
+Add text to video.
+```bash
+# Simple text
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "drawtext=text='Hello World':fontsize=24:x=10:y=10" output.mp4
+# With styling
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "drawtext=text='Title':fontsize=48:fontcolor=white:x=(w-text_w)/2:y=50:box=1:boxcolor=black@0.5:boxborderw=5" output.mp4
+# Timestamp
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "drawtext=text='%{pts\:hms}':fontsize=20:x=10:y=10:fontcolor=white" output.mp4
+```
+## Audio Filters
+### Volume
+Adjust audio level.
+```bash
+# Increase by 10dB
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af volume=10dB output.mp4
+# Decrease to 50%
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af volume=0.5 output.mp4
+# Double volume
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af volume=2.0 output.mp4
+```
+### Normalize
+Balance audio levels.
+```bash
+# Loudness normalization (EBU R128)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af loudnorm output.mp4
+# With specific target
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af loudnorm=I=-16:TP=-1.5:LRA=11 output.mp4
+# Two-pass normalization (better quality)
+# Pass 1: analyze
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af loudnorm=print_format=json -f null -
+# Pass 2: normalize with measured values
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af loudnorm=measured_I=-23:measured_LRA=7:measured_TP=-2:measured_thresh=-33 output.mp4
+```
+### Equalizer
+Adjust frequency bands.
+```bash
+# Bass boost
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af equalizer=f=100:width_type=h:width=200:g=10 output.mp4
+# Treble boost
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af equalizer=f=10000:width_type=h:width=2000:g=5 output.mp4
+# Multiple bands
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af "equalizer=f=100:g=5,equalizer=f=1000:g=-3" output.mp4
+```
+### Compressor
+Dynamic range compression.
+```bash
+# Basic compression
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af acompressor output.mp4
+# Custom settings
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af acompressor=threshold=-20dB:ratio=4:attack=200:release=1000 output.mp4
+```
+### Noise Reduction
+Remove background noise.
+```bash
+# High-pass filter (remove low frequency noise)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af highpass=f=200 output.mp4
+# Low-pass filter (remove high frequency noise)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af lowpass=f=3000 output.mp4
+# Band-pass filter
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af "highpass=f=200,lowpass=f=3000" output.mp4
+```
+### Fade Audio
+Smooth audio transitions.
+```bash
+# Fade in (2 seconds)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af afade=t=in:st=0:d=2 output.mp4
+# Fade out (last 3 seconds)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af afade=t=out:st=27:d=3 output.mp4
+# Both
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -af "afade=t=in:st=0:d=2,afade=t=out:st=27:d=3" output.mp4
+```
+### Audio Mixing
+Combine multiple audio tracks.
+```bash
+# Mix two audio files
+ffmpeg -i audio1.mp3 -i audio2.mp3 \
+  -filter_complex amix=inputs=2:duration=longest output.mp3
+# Mix with volume adjustment
+ffmpeg -i audio1.mp3 -i audio2.mp3 \
+  -filter_complex "[0:a]volume=0.8[a1];[1:a]volume=0.5[a2];[a1][a2]amix=inputs=2" \
+  output.mp3
+```
+## Complex Filtergraphs
+### Multiple Outputs
+Create multiple versions simultaneously.
+```bash
+# Generate 3 resolutions at once
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 \
+  -filter_complex "[0:v]split=3[v1][v2][v3]; \
+    [v1]scale=1920:1080[out1]; \
+    [v2]scale=1280:720[out2]; \
+    [v3]scale=640:360[out3]" \
+  -map "[out1]" -c:v libx264 -crf 22 output_1080p.mp4 \
+  -map "[out2]" -c:v libx264 -crf 23 output_720p.mp4 \
+  -map "[out3]" -c:v libx264 -crf 24 output_360p.mp4 \
+  -map 0:a -c:a copy
+```
+### Picture-in-Picture
+Overlay small video on main video.
+```bash
+ffmpeg -i main.mp4 -i small.mp4 \
+  -filter_complex "[1:v]scale=320:180[pip]; \
+    [0:v][pip]overlay=W-w-10:H-h-10" \
+  output.mp4
+```
+### Side-by-Side Comparison
+Compare two videos.
+```bash
+# Horizontal
+ffmpeg -i left.mp4 -i right.mp4 \
+  -filter_complex "[0:v][1:v]hstack=inputs=2" \
+  output.mp4
+# Vertical
+ffmpeg -i top.mp4 -i bottom.mp4 \
+  -filter_complex "[0:v][1:v]vstack=inputs=2" \
+  output.mp4
+```
+### Crossfade Transition
+Smooth transition between videos.
+```bash
+ffmpeg -i video1.mp4 -i video2.mp4 \
+  -filter_complex "[0:v][1:v]xfade=transition=fade:duration=2:offset=8" \
+  output.mp4
+```
+**Transition types:** fade, wipeleft, wiperight, wipeup, wipedown, slideleft, slideright, slideup, slidedown, circlecrop, rectcrop, distance, fadeblack, fadewhite, radial, smoothleft, smoothright, smoothup, smoothdown
+### Color Correction Pipeline
+Professional color grading.
+```bash
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 \
+  -filter_complex "[0:v]eq=contrast=1.1:brightness=0.05:saturation=1.2[v1]; \
+    [v1]curves=vintage[v2]; \
+    [v2]vignette[v3]; \
+    [v3]unsharp=5:5:1.0[out]" \
+  -map "[out]" -c:v libx264 -crf 18 output.mp4
+```
+## Filter Performance
+### GPU Acceleration
+Use hardware filters when available.
+```bash
+# NVIDIA CUDA scale
+ffmpeg -hwaccel cuda -i input.mp4 \
+  -vf scale_cuda=1280:720 \
+  -c:v h264_nvenc output.mp4
+# Multiple GPU filters
+ffmpeg -hwaccel cuda -i input.mp4 \
+  -vf "scale_cuda=1280:720,hwdownload,format=nv12" \
+  -c:v h264_nvenc output.mp4
+```
+### Optimize Filter Order
+More efficient filter chains.
+```bash
+# Bad: scale after complex operations
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "hqdn3d,unsharp=5:5:1.0,scale=1280:720" output.mp4
+# Good: scale first (fewer pixels to process)
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "scale=1280:720,hqdn3d,unsharp=5:5:1.0" output.mp4
+```
+## Common Filter Recipes
+### YouTube Optimized
+```bash
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 \
+  -vf "scale=1920:1080:force_original_aspect_ratio=decrease,pad=1920:1080:(ow-iw)/2:(oh-ih)/2" \
+  -c:v libx264 -preset slow -crf 18 -c:a aac -b:a 192k \
+  output.mp4
+```
+### Instagram Portrait
+```bash
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 \
+  -vf "scale=1080:1350:force_original_aspect_ratio=decrease,pad=1080:1350:(ow-iw)/2:(oh-ih)/2:color=white" \
+  -c:v libx264 -preset fast -crf 23 -c:a aac \
+  output.mp4
+```
+### Vintage Film Look
+```bash
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 \
+  -vf "curves=vintage,vignette=angle=PI/4,eq=saturation=0.8,noise=alls=10:allf=t" \
+  -c:v libx264 -crf 20 output.mp4
+```
+### Clean & Enhance
+```bash
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 \
+  -vf "hqdn3d=4:3:6:4.5,unsharp=5:5:1.0,eq=contrast=1.05:saturation=1.1" \
+  -c:v libx264 -crf 20 output.mp4
+```