@typecad/ui 1.0.0-alpha.13 → 1.0.0-alpha.15

package/src/ui-engine/runtime-header/paint-rects-repair.ts

@@ -1,742 +1,742 @@
-// Slice of the C++ runtime header (original source lines 1895-2441).
-// Paint rects, overlapping layers dirty, buffer decisions, seed/repair, scroll-clip tests, clipped primitives, clear/repair, set_visible.
-// See docs/superpowers/specs/2026-07-12-split-runtime-header-design.md.
-export function emitPaintRectsRepair(): string {
-  return `
-static inline void ui_node_paint_rect(uint16_t nodeIdx, int16_t baseX, int16_t baseY, int16_t drawX, int16_t drawY, uint16_t textW, uint16_t textH, UIRect* out) {
-  int16_t shadowL, shadowT, shadowR, shadowB;
-  ui_shadow_extents(nodeIdx, &shadowL, &shadowT, &shadowR, &shadowB);
-
-  int16_t faceW = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.w;
-  int16_t faceH = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.h;
-  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_TEXT || __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_CHECK || __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_RADIO || __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_SELECT) {
-    if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].lastTextWidth > faceW) faceW = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].lastTextWidth;
-    if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].lastTextHeight > faceH) faceH = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].lastTextHeight;
-    if (static_cast<int16_t>(textW) > faceW) faceW = static_cast<int16_t>(textW);
-    if (static_cast<int16_t>(textH) > faceH) faceH = static_cast<int16_t>(textH);
-  }
-  int16_t unrotatedFaceW = faceW;
-  int16_t unrotatedFaceH = faceH;
-  faceW = ui_rotated_face_w(nodeIdx, unrotatedFaceW, unrotatedFaceH);
-  faceH = ui_rotated_face_h(nodeIdx, unrotatedFaceW, unrotatedFaceH);
-
-  int16_t shadowX0 = baseX - shadowL;
-  int16_t shadowY0 = baseY - shadowT;
-  int16_t shadowX1 = baseX + faceW + shadowR;
-  int16_t shadowY1 = baseY + faceH + shadowB;
-  int16_t faceX0 = drawX;
-  int16_t faceY0 = drawY;
-  int16_t faceX1 = drawX + faceW;
-  int16_t faceY1 = drawY + faceH;
-  int16_t x0 = shadowX0 < faceX0 ? shadowX0 : faceX0;
-  int16_t y0 = shadowY0 < faceY0 ? shadowY0 : faceY0;
-  int16_t x1 = shadowX1 > faceX1 ? shadowX1 : faceX1;
-  int16_t y1 = shadowY1 > faceY1 ? shadowY1 : faceY1;
-  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].outlineStyle != 0 && __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].outlineWidth > 0) {
-    int16_t o = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].outlineWidth;
-    ui_expand_rect(&x0, &y0, &x1, &y1, drawX - o, drawY - o, drawX + faceW + o, drawY + faceH + o);
-  }
-  out->x = x0;
-  out->y = y0;
-  out->w = x1 - x0;
-  out->h = y1 - y0;
-}
-
-static inline void ui_node_current_paint_rect(uint16_t nodeIdx, UIRect* out) {
-  uint16_t tw = 0;
-  uint16_t th = 0;
-  uint16_t textMaxW = ui_node_text_max_width(nodeIdx);
-  ui_node_text_layout_metrics(nodeIdx, textMaxW, &tw, &th);
-  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_CHECK || __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_RADIO) {
-    tw += 22;
-    if (th < 16) th = 16;
-  }
-  ui_node_paint_rect(nodeIdx,
-    ui_base_draw_x_for_node(nodeIdx),
-    ui_base_draw_y_for_node(nodeIdx),
-    ui_draw_x_for_node(nodeIdx),
-    ui_draw_y_for_node(nodeIdx),
-    tw,
-    th,
-    out);
-}
-
-static inline uint8_t ui_subtree_current_paint_rect(uint16_t nodeIdx, UIRect* out) {
-  if (nodeIdx >= __ui_node_count) return 0;
-  int16_t end = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].subtreeEnd;
-  if (end > __ui_node_count) end = __ui_node_count;
-  uint8_t hasRect = 0;
-  int16_t x0 = 0;
-  int16_t y0 = 0;
-  int16_t x1 = 0;
-  int16_t y1 = 0;
-  for (uint16_t c = nodeIdx; c < end; c++) {
-    if (__ui_nodes[c].screenId != __ui_active_screen) continue;
-    if (!ui_is_effectively_visible(c)) continue;
-    UIRect r;
-    ui_node_current_paint_rect(c, &r);
-    if (r.w <= 0 || r.h <= 0) continue;
-    if (!hasRect) {
-      x0 = r.x;
-      y0 = r.y;
-      x1 = r.x + r.w;
-      y1 = r.y + r.h;
-      hasRect = 1;
-    } else {
-      ui_expand_rect(&x0, &y0, &x1, &y1, r.x, r.y, r.x + r.w, r.y + r.h);
-    }
-  }
-  if (!hasRect) return 0;
-  out->x = x0;
-  out->y = y0;
-  out->w = x1 - x0;
-  out->h = y1 - y0;
-  return 1;
-}
-
-static inline void ui_mark_overlapping_higher_layers_dirty(uint16_t nodeIdx) {
-  if (nodeIdx >= __ui_node_count) return;
-  if (!ui_is_effectively_visible(nodeIdx)) return;
-  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].screenId != __ui_active_screen) return;
-  UIRect r;
-  ui_node_current_paint_rect(nodeIdx, &r);
-  ui_mark_overlapping_higher_layers_dirty_for_rect(nodeIdx, &r);
-}
-
-static inline void ui_mark_overlapping_higher_layers_dirty_for_rect(uint16_t nodeIdx, const UIRect* r) {
-  if (nodeIdx >= __ui_node_count || !r) return;
-  if (!ui_is_effectively_visible(nodeIdx)) return;
-  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].screenId != __ui_active_screen) return;
-  if (r->w <= 0 || r->h <= 0) return;
-  for (uint16_t c = 0; c < __ui_node_count; c++) {
-    if (c == nodeIdx) continue;
-    if (__ui_nodes[c].dirty) continue;
-    if (!ui_is_effectively_visible(c)) continue;
-    if (__ui_nodes[c].screenId != __ui_active_screen) continue;
-    if (!ui_node_draws_before(nodeIdx, c)) continue;
-    UIRect cr;
-    ui_node_current_paint_rect(c, &cr);
-    if (cr.w <= 0 || cr.h <= 0) continue;
-    if (ui_rects_intersect(r->x, r->y, r->w, r->h, cr.x, cr.y, cr.w, cr.h)) {
-      __ui_nodes[c].dirty = 1;
-      // Repainting a container erases everything drawn inside it — its own
-      // descendants. Mark them too, or the ladder redraws the container face
-      // alone and wipes its children: a press under a dialog marked the scrim
-      // and card dirty (overlapping higher layers) but not the card's title/
-      // buttons, and their solo repaint erased the just-composed dialog. The
-      // dirty pass clears flags for invisible descendants, and scroll-subtree
-      // children route through the scroll defer as usual.
-      for (uint16_t k = c + 1; k < __ui_nodes[c].subtreeEnd && k < __ui_node_count; k++) {
-        if (__ui_nodes[k].screenId != __ui_active_screen) continue;
-        __ui_nodes[k].dirty = 1;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-static inline void ui_clear_press_offset_area(uint16_t nodeIdx, int16_t baseX, int16_t baseY, int16_t drawX, int16_t drawY, uint16_t textW, uint16_t textH) {
-  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].pressedOffsetX == 0 && __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].pressedOffsetY == 0) return;
-  UIRect r;
-  ui_node_paint_rect(nodeIdx, baseX, baseY, drawX, drawY, textW, textH, &r);
-  int16_t x0 = r.x;
-  int16_t y0 = r.y;
-  int16_t x1 = r.x + r.w;
-  int16_t y1 = r.y + r.h;
-  if (ui_display_is_default_target() && ui_repair_current_node_paint_with_parent(nodeIdx, &r)) return;
-  ui_display_fill_rect(x0, y0, x1 - x0, y1 - y0, ui_parent_clear_color(nodeIdx));
-}
-
-// Generated-font / AA text and images draw per-pixel when sent straight to SPI.
-// Prefer the RAM paint canvas for these kinds (within the pixel budget).
-// NOTE: ALL NODE_TEXT is treated as pixel-heavy. Even the classic GFX bitmap
-// font renders via drawPixel per font pixel, and on an SPI TFT each drawPixel
-// is a full set_window+RAMWR SPI transaction (~30us) — a single 460x8 text band
-// costs >100ms direct-drawn. Forcing every text node through the paint canvas
-// turns that into one RAM render + one SPI push (~3ms). AA/generated-font text
-// additionally requires getPixel readback for coverage blending, which is only
-// correct against a RAM target.
-static inline uint8_t ui_pixel_heavy_node(uint16_t nodeIdx) {
-  if (nodeIdx >= __ui_node_count) return 0;
-  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_IMG) return 1;
-  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_TEXT) return 1;
-  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_SELECT) return 1;
-  return 0;
-}
-
-static inline uint8_t ui_should_buffer_paint(uint16_t nodeIdx, int16_t w, int16_t h) {
-  if (w <= 0 || h <= 0) return 0;
-  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_LIST) return 0;
-  // <canvas> elements batch via __ui_node_canvas when drawing to the display.
-  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_CANVAS) return 0;
-  // NO hard pixel cap here: oversized paint rects route to the band renderer
-  // via preferBand (UI_BAND_PREFER_PIXELS), and the repair canvas is never
-  // attempted above that threshold either. A cap here pushed just-over-budget
-  // repaints (a 452x48 full-width button is 21696px) onto the direct
-  // clear-then-redraw path — the visible button press flash.
-  if (ui_pixel_heavy_node(nodeIdx)) return 1;
-  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_FILL &&
-      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].hasBg &&
-      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].gradientEnabled == 0 &&
-      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderRadius == 0 &&
-      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderStyle == 0 &&
-      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].outlineStyle == 0 &&
-      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].shadowCount == 0) return 0;
-  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_FILL &&
-      !__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].hasBg &&
-      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderStyle == 0 &&
-      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].outlineStyle == 0 &&
-      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].shadowCount == 0) return 0;
-  return 1;
-}
-
-static inline void ui_seed_paint_canvas_for_node(uint16_t nodeIdx, CuttlefishCanvas16* canvas, int16_t canvasX, int16_t canvasY, int16_t bandTop) {
-  if (!canvas || !display_canvasBuffer(canvas)) return;
-  uint16_t p = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].parent;
-  if (p == UI_NO_PARENT || p >= __ui_node_count) {
-    display_canvasFillScreen(canvas, __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].clearColor);
-    return;
-  }
-
-  uint16_t parentDecorated =
-    (__ui_nodes[p].hasBg && (__ui_nodes[p].borderRadius > 0 || __ui_nodes[p].gradientEnabled > 0)) ||
-    __ui_nodes[p].borderStyle != 0 ||
-    __ui_nodes[p].outlineStyle != 0;
-  if (!parentDecorated) {
-    display_canvasFillScreen(canvas, ui_parent_clear_color(nodeIdx));
-    return;
-  }
-
-  display_canvasFillScreen(canvas, ui_parent_clear_color(p));
-  int16_t parentDrawX = ui_draw_x_for_node(p);
-  int16_t parentDrawY = ui_draw_y_for_node(p);
-  int16_t origParentX = __ui_nodes[p].box.x;
-  CuttlefishDisplayTarget* previousGfx = ui_display_get_target();
-  ui_display_set_target(canvas);
-  __ui_nodes[p].box.x = parentDrawX - canvasX;
-  // Shift the parent's draw Y up by bandTop so the band canvas shows the
-  // correct slice of the parent fill/border for this band's Y range. bandTop=0
-  // (the main-loop caller) is a no-op shift. canvasY already carries the paint
-  // rect's display-space origin; bandTop further offsets within the rect.
-  int16_t localY = parentDrawY - canvasY - bandTop;
-
-  // Parent fill color: blended toward the parent's backdrop when the parent is
-  // translucent (matching the main NODE_FILL draw, which uses fillBg). Without
-  // this, scroll repair seeds the canvas with the parent's RAW bg while the
-  // main draw used the blended color → shearing on translucent nodes during scroll.
-  UI_COLOR_T parentFillBg = __ui_nodes[p].bg;
-  if (__ui_nodes[p].opacity < 100) {
-    parentFillBg = ui_blend(__ui_nodes[p].bg, ui_parent_clear_color(p), __ui_nodes[p].opacity);
-  }
-
-  if (__ui_nodes[p].gradientEnabled > 0) {
-    ui_draw_gradient_fill(p, localY);
-  } else if (__ui_nodes[p].borderRadius > 0 && __ui_nodes[p].hasBg) {
-    ui_display_fill_round_rect(__ui_nodes[p].box.x, localY, __ui_nodes[p].box.w, __ui_nodes[p].box.h,
-      __ui_nodes[p].borderRadius, parentFillBg);
-  } else if (__ui_nodes[p].hasBg) {
-    ui_display_fill_rect(__ui_nodes[p].box.x, localY, __ui_nodes[p].box.w, __ui_nodes[p].box.h, parentFillBg);
-  }
-  if (__ui_nodes[p].borderStyle != 0) {
-    UI_COLOR_T bColor = __ui_nodes[p].borderColor ? __ui_nodes[p].borderColor : __ui_nodes[p].fg;
-    ui_draw_node_border(p, __ui_nodes[p].box.x, localY, bColor);
-  }
-  ui_draw_node_outline(p, __ui_nodes[p].box.x, localY);
-
-  __ui_nodes[p].box.x = origParentX;
-  ui_display_set_target(previousGfx);
-}
-
-static inline uint8_t ui_repair_current_node_paint_with_parent(uint16_t nodeIdx, UIRect* r) {
-  if (!r || r->w <= 0 || r->h <= 0) return 0;
-  if (static_cast<uint32_t>(r->w) * static_cast<uint32_t>(r->h) > UI_MAX_BUFFERED_PAINT_PIXELS) return 0;
-  CuttlefishCanvas16* repairCanvas = ui_get_repair_canvas(r->w, r->h);
-  if (!repairCanvas) return 0;
-  ui_seed_paint_canvas_for_node(nodeIdx, repairCanvas, r->x, r->y, 0);
-  // During a retained-framebuffer tick, publish the repair into the RAM
-  // composition surface. Sending it to the live panel here creates the visible
-  // erase/redraw flash seen on animated transforms.
-  if (__ui_fb) ui_display_set_target((CuttlefishDisplayTarget*)__ui_fb);
-  else ui_display_use_default_target();
-  ui_push_canvas_rect(repairCanvas, r->x, r->y, r->w, r->h);
-  ui_display_use_default_target();
-  return 1;
-}
-
-static inline uint8_t ui_is_rect_clipped_by_scroll(uint16_t nodeIdx, int16_t drawX, int16_t drawY, int16_t drawW, int16_t drawH) {
-  uint16_t p = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].parent;
-  while (p != UI_NO_PARENT && p < __ui_node_count) {
-    if (__ui_nodes[p].scrollable) {
-      if (drawX < __ui_nodes[p].box.x ||
-          drawX + drawW > __ui_nodes[p].box.x + __ui_nodes[p].box.w ||
-          drawY < __ui_nodes[p].box.y ||
-          drawY + drawH > __ui_nodes[p].box.y + __ui_nodes[p].box.h) {
-        return 1;
-      }
-    }
-    p = __ui_nodes[p].parent;
-  }
-  return 0;
-}
-
-static inline uint8_t ui_is_clipped_by_scroll(uint16_t nodeIdx, int16_t drawX, int16_t drawY) {
-  return ui_is_rect_clipped_by_scroll(nodeIdx, drawX, drawY, __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.w, __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.h);
-}
-
-// Point-in-viewport test for hit-testing. A tap point is tappable if it lies
-// within EVERY scrollable ancestor's viewport (logical AND, matching the
-// preview's intersected scroll clip). This differs from ui_is_clipped_by_scroll,
-// which tests the node's whole bounding box — a tall node (e.g. a wrapped
-// rich-text paragraph) can overflow below the fold yet have a tappable link in
-// its visible portion. Use this in the hit-test path; keep the whole-box check
-// for draw culling, where a partially-visible node still needs repainting.
-static inline uint8_t ui_is_point_clipped_by_scroll(uint16_t nodeIdx, int16_t px, int16_t py) {
-  uint16_t p = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].parent;
-  while (p != UI_NO_PARENT && p < __ui_node_count) {
-    if (__ui_nodes[p].scrollable) {
-      if (px < __ui_nodes[p].box.x ||
-          px >= __ui_nodes[p].box.x + __ui_nodes[p].box.w ||
-          py < __ui_nodes[p].box.y ||
-          py >= __ui_nodes[p].box.y + __ui_nodes[p].box.h) {
-        return 1;
-      }
-    }
-    p = __ui_nodes[p].parent;
-  }
-  return 0;
-}
-
-static inline uint8_t ui_clip_rect_to_rect(UIRect* r, const UIRect* clip) {
-  int16_t x0 = r->x > clip->x ? r->x : clip->x;
-  int16_t y0 = r->y > clip->y ? r->y : clip->y;
-  int16_t x1 = r->x + r->w < clip->x + clip->w ? r->x + r->w : clip->x + clip->w;
-  int16_t y1 = r->y + r->h < clip->y + clip->h ? r->y + r->h : clip->y + clip->h;
-  if (x1 <= x0 || y1 <= y0) return 0;
-  r->x = x0;
-  r->y = y0;
-  r->w = x1 - x0;
-  r->h = y1 - y0;
-  return 1;
-}
-
-static inline void ui_fill_rect_clipped(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t w, int16_t h, const UIRect* clip, UI_COLOR_T color) {
-  UIRect r = { x, y, w, h };
-  if (!ui_clip_rect_to_rect(&r, clip)) return;
-  ui_display_fill_rect(r.x, r.y, r.w, r.h, color);
-}
-
-static inline void ui_hline_clipped(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t w, const UIRect* clip, UI_COLOR_T color) {
-  if (w <= 0 || y < clip->y || y >= clip->y + clip->h) return;
-  int16_t x0 = x > clip->x ? x : clip->x;
-  int16_t x1 = x + w < clip->x + clip->w ? x + w : clip->x + clip->w;
-  if (x1 <= x0) return;
-  ui_display_draw_fast_hline(x0, y, x1 - x0, color);
-}
-
-static inline void ui_vline_clipped(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t h, const UIRect* clip, UI_COLOR_T color) {
-  if (h <= 0 || x < clip->x || x >= clip->x + clip->w) return;
-  int16_t y0 = y > clip->y ? y : clip->y;
-  int16_t y1 = y + h < clip->y + clip->h ? y + h : clip->y + clip->h;
-  if (y1 <= y0) return;
-  ui_display_draw_fast_vline(x, y0, y1 - y0, color);
-}
-
-static inline void ui_draw_rect_outline_clipped(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t w, int16_t h, uint8_t style, uint8_t width, const UIRect* clip, UI_COLOR_T color) {
-  if (style == 0 || width == 0 || w <= 0 || h <= 0) return;
-  for (uint8_t b = 0; b < width; b++) {
-    int16_t rx = x + b;
-    int16_t ry = y + b;
-    int16_t rw = w - 2 * b;
-    int16_t rh = h - 2 * b;
-    if (rw <= 0 || rh <= 0) return;
-    if (style == 1) {
-      ui_hline_clipped(rx, ry, rw, clip, color);
-      ui_hline_clipped(rx, ry + rh - 1, rw, clip, color);
-      ui_vline_clipped(rx, ry, rh, clip, color);
-      ui_vline_clipped(rx + rw - 1, ry, rh, clip, color);
-    } else {
-      for (int16_t dx = 0; dx < rw; dx += 8) {
-        int16_t seg = (dx + 4 <= rw) ? 4 : (rw - dx);
-        ui_hline_clipped(rx + dx, ry, seg, clip, color);
-        ui_hline_clipped(rx + dx, ry + rh - 1, seg, clip, color);
-      }
-      for (int16_t dy = 0; dy < rh; dy += 8) {
-        int16_t seg = (dy + 4 <= rh) ? 4 : (rh - dy);
-        ui_vline_clipped(rx, ry + dy, seg, clip, color);
-        ui_vline_clipped(rx + rw - 1, ry + dy, seg, clip, color);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-static inline void ui_draw_node_decoration_clipped(uint16_t nodeIdx, int16_t drawY, const UIRect* clip) {
-  if (nodeIdx >= __ui_node_count) return;
-  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderStyle != 0) {
-    UI_COLOR_T bColor = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderColor ? __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderColor : __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].fg;
-    int16_t x = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.x;
-    int16_t y = drawY;
-    int16_t w = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.w;
-    int16_t h = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.h;
-    if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderRadius > 0) {
-      if (x >= clip->x && y >= clip->y && x + w <= clip->x + clip->w && y + h <= clip->y + clip->h) {
-        ui_draw_node_border(nodeIdx, x, drawY, bColor);
-      }
-    } else {
-      ui_draw_rect_outline_clipped(x, y, w, h,
-        __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderStyle, __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderWidth, clip, bColor);
-    }
-  }
-  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].outlineStyle != 0 && __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].outlineWidth > 0) {
-    uint8_t w = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].outlineWidth;
-    int16_t x = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.x - w;
-    int16_t y = drawY - w;
-    int16_t ow = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.w + 2 * w;
-    int16_t oh = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.h + 2 * w;
-    if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderRadius > 0) {
-      if (x >= clip->x && y >= clip->y && x + ow <= clip->x + clip->w && y + oh <= clip->y + clip->h) {
-        ui_draw_node_outline(nodeIdx, __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.x, drawY);
-      }
-    } else {
-      ui_draw_rect_outline_clipped(x, y, ow, oh,
-        __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].outlineStyle, w, clip, __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].outlineColor);
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-static inline void ui_clear_node_paint_rect(uint16_t nodeIdx, const UIRect* paintRect) {
-  if (nodeIdx >= __ui_node_count || !paintRect || paintRect->w <= 0 || paintRect->h <= 0) return;
-  int16_t scrollParent = ui_scroll_ancestor_for_node(nodeIdx);
-  UIRect r = *paintRect;
-  if (__ui_fb) ui_display_set_target((CuttlefishDisplayTarget*)__ui_fb);
-  else ui_display_use_default_target();
-  if (scrollParent >= 0) {
-    UIRect clip = {
-      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.x,
-      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.y,
-      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.w,
-      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.h
-    };
-    UIRect clipped = r;
-    if (!ui_clip_rect_to_rect(&clipped, &clip)) return;
-    if (ui_repair_current_node_paint_with_parent(nodeIdx, &clipped)) return;
-    ui_fill_rect_clipped(clipped.x, clipped.y, clipped.w, clipped.h, &clip, ui_parent_clear_color(nodeIdx));
-    uint16_t p = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].parent;
-    if (p != UI_NO_PARENT && p < __ui_node_count) {
-      ui_draw_node_decoration_clipped(p, ui_draw_y_for_node(p), &clip);
-    }
-    return;
-  }
-  if (ui_is_rect_clipped_by_scroll(nodeIdx, r.x, r.y, r.w, r.h)) return;
-  ui_display_fill_rect(r.x, r.y, r.w, r.h, ui_parent_clear_color(nodeIdx));
-  uint16_t p = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].parent;
-  if (p != UI_NO_PARENT && p < __ui_node_count) {
-    int16_t parentDrawY = ui_draw_y_for_node(p);
-    if (__ui_nodes[p].borderStyle != 0) {
-      UI_COLOR_T bColor = __ui_nodes[p].borderColor ? __ui_nodes[p].borderColor : __ui_nodes[p].fg;
-      ui_draw_node_border(p, ui_draw_x_for_node(p), parentDrawY, bColor);
-    }
-    ui_draw_node_outline(p, ui_draw_x_for_node(p), parentDrawY);
-  }
-}
-
-static inline void ui_clear_current_node_paint(uint16_t nodeIdx) {
-  if (nodeIdx >= __ui_node_count) return;
-  uint16_t tw = 0;
-  uint16_t th = 0;
-  uint16_t textMaxW = ui_node_text_max_width(nodeIdx);
-  ui_node_text_layout_metrics(nodeIdx, textMaxW, &tw, &th);
-  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_CHECK || __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_RADIO) tw += 22;
-  int16_t baseDrawX = ui_base_draw_x_for_node(nodeIdx);
-  int16_t baseDrawY = ui_base_draw_y_for_node(nodeIdx);
-  int16_t drawX = ui_draw_x_for_node(nodeIdx);
-  int16_t drawY = ui_draw_y_for_node(nodeIdx);
-  UIRect r;
-  ui_node_paint_rect(nodeIdx, baseDrawX, baseDrawY, drawX, drawY, tw, th, &r);
-  ui_clear_node_paint_rect(nodeIdx, &r);
-}
-
-static inline uint8_t ui_try_repair_geometry_fill(uint16_t nodeIdx, const UIRect* oldRect) {
-  if (nodeIdx >= __ui_node_count || !oldRect || oldRect->w <= 0 || oldRect->h <= 0) return 0;
-  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind != NODE_FILL) return 0;
-  if (!__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].hasBg) return 0;
-  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].gradientEnabled != 0) return 0;
-  // borderRadius is NOT a bail-out: rounded fills (pill badges, keyframe
-  // boxes) repair through the same union bitmap — the corner arcs draw into
-  // the seeded backdrop. Rejecting them forced every geometry keyframe on a
-  // rounded box onto the direct clear→redraw fallback, which tears on SPI
-  // TFTs at animation frame rate. Border/outline/shadow chrome still bails:
-  // the repair body below doesn't render it.
-  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderStyle != 0 ||
-      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].outlineStyle != 0 ||
-      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].shadowCount != 0) return 0;
-
-  UIRect newRect;
-  ui_node_current_paint_rect(nodeIdx, &newRect);
-  if (newRect.w <= 0 || newRect.h <= 0) return 0;
-  int16_t x0 = oldRect->x < newRect.x ? oldRect->x : newRect.x;
-  int16_t y0 = oldRect->y < newRect.y ? oldRect->y : newRect.y;
-  int16_t x1 = oldRect->x + oldRect->w > newRect.x + newRect.w ? oldRect->x + oldRect->w : newRect.x + newRect.w;
-  int16_t y1 = oldRect->y + oldRect->h > newRect.y + newRect.h ? oldRect->y + oldRect->h : newRect.y + newRect.h;
-  UIRect repair = { x0, y0, static_cast<int16_t>(x1 - x0), static_cast<int16_t>(y1 - y0) };
-  int16_t scrollParent = ui_scroll_ancestor_for_node(nodeIdx);
-  if (scrollParent >= 0) {
-    UIRect clip = {
-      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.x,
-      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.y,
-      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.w,
-      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.h
-    };
-    if (!ui_clip_rect_to_rect(&repair, &clip)) {
-      ui_invalidate_scroll_canvas_for_node(nodeIdx);
-      return 1;
-    }
-  } else if (ui_is_rect_clipped_by_scroll(nodeIdx, repair.x, repair.y, repair.w, repair.h)) {
-    return 0;
-  }
-  if (repair.w <= 0 || repair.h <= 0) return 0;
-  if (static_cast<uint32_t>(repair.w) * static_cast<uint32_t>(repair.h) > UI_MAX_BUFFERED_PAINT_PIXELS) return 0;
-  CuttlefishCanvas16* repairCanvas = ui_get_repair_canvas(repair.w, repair.h);
-  if (!repairCanvas) return 0;
-
-  ui_seed_paint_canvas_for_node(nodeIdx, repairCanvas, repair.x, repair.y, 0);
-  CuttlefishDisplayTarget* previousGfx = ui_display_get_target();
-  ui_display_set_target(repairCanvas);
-  UI_COLOR_T fillBg = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].bg;
-  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].opacity < 100) {
-    fillBg = ui_blend(__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].bg, ui_parent_clear_color(nodeIdx), __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].opacity);
-  }
-  int16_t drawX = ui_draw_x_for_node(nodeIdx) - repair.x;
-  int16_t drawY = ui_draw_y_for_node(nodeIdx) - repair.y;
-  int16_t fillW = ui_rotated_face_w(nodeIdx, __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.w, __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.h);
-  int16_t fillH = ui_rotated_face_h(nodeIdx, __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.w, __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.h);
-  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderRadius > 0) {
-    ui_display_fill_round_rect(drawX, drawY, fillW, fillH,
-      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderRadius, fillBg);
-  } else {
-    ui_display_fill_rect(drawX, drawY, fillW, fillH, fillBg);
-  }
-  ui_display_set_target(previousGfx);
-  // Keep geometry repair off the physical panel when a retained framebuffer is
-  // active; the final dirty-bounds publish will send the old+new union once.
-  if (__ui_fb) ui_display_set_target((CuttlefishDisplayTarget*)__ui_fb);
-  else ui_display_use_default_target();
-  ui_push_canvas_rect(repairCanvas, repair.x, repair.y, repair.w, repair.h);
-  ui_display_use_default_target();
-  if (scrollParent >= 0) ui_invalidate_scroll_canvas_for_node(nodeIdx);
-  ui_mark_overlapping_higher_layers_dirty_for_rect(nodeIdx, &repair);
-  return 1;
-}
-
-static inline void ui_clear_subtree_current_paint(uint16_t nodeIdx) {
-  if (nodeIdx >= __ui_node_count) return;
-  UIRect r;
-  if (!ui_subtree_current_paint_rect(nodeIdx, &r)) return;
-  ui_display_use_default_target();
-  int16_t scrollParent = ui_scroll_ancestor_for_node(nodeIdx);
-  if (scrollParent >= 0) {
-    UIRect clip = {
-      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.x,
-      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.y,
-      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.w,
-      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.h
-    };
-    UIRect clipped = r;
-    if (!ui_clip_rect_to_rect(&clipped, &clip)) return;
-    if (ui_repair_current_node_paint_with_parent(nodeIdx, &clipped)) return;
-    ui_fill_rect_clipped(clipped.x, clipped.y, clipped.w, clipped.h, &clip, ui_parent_clear_color(nodeIdx));
-    uint16_t p = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].parent;
-    if (p != UI_NO_PARENT && p < __ui_node_count) {
-      ui_draw_node_decoration_clipped(p, ui_draw_y_for_node(p), &clip);
-    }
-    return;
-  }
-  if (ui_repair_current_node_paint_with_parent(nodeIdx, &r)) return;
-  ui_display_fill_rect(r.x, r.y, r.w, r.h, ui_parent_clear_color(nodeIdx));
-  uint16_t p = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].parent;
-  if (p != UI_NO_PARENT && p < __ui_node_count) {
-    int16_t parentDrawY = ui_draw_y_for_node(p);
-    if (__ui_nodes[p].borderStyle != 0) {
-      UI_COLOR_T bColor = __ui_nodes[p].borderColor ? __ui_nodes[p].borderColor : __ui_nodes[p].fg;
-      ui_draw_node_border(p, ui_draw_x_for_node(p), parentDrawY, bColor);
-    }
-    ui_draw_node_outline(p, ui_draw_x_for_node(p), parentDrawY);
-  }
-}
-
-// ── Visibility reflow ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-// Layout runs at build time (yoga); a hidden subtree keeps its baked boxes,
-// so toggling the visible flag alone leaves a collapsed pane's space
-// reserved (an accordion card sized for its open state shows empty space
-// when closed). When a node's visibility changes, the runtime re-stacks each
-// ancestor flow container's in-flow children along the emitted axis
-// (flowAxis/flowGap/flowFlags metadata) and re-sizes content-sized
-// containers, cascading upward until a container stops changing. Preview
-// parity: the preview's layout engine excludes hidden nodes from flow on
-// every frame.
-
-// Outer extent of c's subtree along the flow axis, relative to c's own
-// origin. Descendants positioned above c's origin (overlays) don't count.
-static int16_t ui_subtree_flow_extent(uint16_t c, uint8_t axis) {
-  int16_t base = axis == 1 ? __ui_nodes[c].box.y : __ui_nodes[c].box.x;
-  int16_t maxEnd = static_cast<int16_t>(base + (axis == 1 ? __ui_nodes[c].box.h : __ui_nodes[c].box.w));
-  uint16_t end = __ui_nodes[c].subtreeEnd;
-  if (end > __ui_node_count) end = __ui_node_count;
-  for (uint16_t j = c + 1; j < end; j++) {
-    int16_t off = axis == 1 ? __ui_nodes[j].box.y : __ui_nodes[j].box.x;
-    int16_t rel = static_cast<int16_t>(off - base);
-    if (rel < 0) continue;
-    int16_t jEnd = static_cast<int16_t>(rel + (axis == 1 ? __ui_nodes[j].box.h : __ui_nodes[j].box.w));
-    if (jEnd > maxEnd) maxEnd = jEnd;
-  }
-  return static_cast<int16_t>(maxEnd - base);
-}
-
-static void ui_shift_subtree_main(uint16_t c, uint8_t axis, int16_t delta) {
-  uint16_t end = __ui_nodes[c].subtreeEnd;
-  if (end > __ui_node_count) end = __ui_node_count;
-  for (uint16_t j = c; j < end; j++) {
-    if (axis == 1) __ui_nodes[j].box.y = static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[j].box.y + delta);
-    else __ui_nodes[j].box.x = static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[j].box.x + delta);
-  }
-}
-
-// Re-stack p's in-flow children from the first in-flow child's slot (hidden
-// children take no space). Returns 1 when a child moved or p's content-sized
-// main dimension changed.
-static uint8_t ui_restack_flow_container(uint16_t p) {
-  if (p >= __ui_node_count) return 0;
-  uint8_t axis = __ui_nodes[p].flowAxis == 2 ? 2U : (__ui_nodes[p].flowAxis == 1 ? 1U : 0U);
-  if (axis == 0) return 0;
-  int16_t gap = static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[p].flowGap);
-  int16_t startSlot = 0;
-  int16_t cursor = 0;
-  uint8_t sawFlowChild = 0;
-  uint8_t sawVisibleChild = 0;
-  uint8_t changed = 0;
-  uint16_t end = __ui_nodes[p].subtreeEnd;
-  if (end > __ui_node_count) end = __ui_node_count;
-  for (uint16_t c = p + 1; c < end; c++) {
-    if (__ui_nodes[c].parent != p) continue;
-    if ((__ui_nodes[c].flowFlags & 0x4U) != 0U) continue;  // out-of-flow child
-    int16_t rel = axis == 1
-      ? static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[c].box.y - __ui_nodes[p].box.y)
-      : static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[c].box.x - __ui_nodes[p].box.x);
-    // The first in-flow child's slot anchors the stack (padding + its
-    // margins); a hidden first child must not drag the anchor down.
-    if (sawFlowChild == 0U) { startSlot = rel; sawFlowChild = 1; }
-    if (!ui_is_effectively_visible(c)) continue;  // collapsed: takes no space
-    if (sawVisibleChild == 0U) { cursor = startSlot; sawVisibleChild = 1; }
-    int16_t shift = static_cast<int16_t>(cursor - rel);
-    if (shift != 0) {
-      ui_shift_subtree_main(c, axis, shift);
-      changed = 1;
-    }
-    cursor = static_cast<int16_t>(cursor + ui_subtree_flow_extent(c, axis) + gap);
-  }
-  if (sawVisibleChild == 0U) return changed;
-  // A content-sized main dimension follows the stack: children's offsets
-  // already include the leading padding; trailing padding completes the box.
-  uint8_t autoMain = axis == 1
-    ? static_cast<uint8_t>(__ui_nodes[p].flowFlags & 0x1U)
-    : static_cast<uint8_t>(__ui_nodes[p].flowFlags & 0x2U);
-  if (autoMain != 0U) {
-    int16_t contentEnd = static_cast<int16_t>(cursor - gap);
-    int16_t padMain = axis == 1
-      ? static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[p].paddingBottom)
-      : static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[p].paddingRight);
-    int16_t newSize = static_cast<int16_t>(contentEnd + padMain);
-    if (newSize < 1) newSize = 1;
-    int16_t curSize = axis == 1 ? static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[p].box.h) : static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[p].box.w);
-    if (newSize != curSize) {
-      if (axis == 1) __ui_nodes[p].box.h = newSize;
-      else __ui_nodes[p].box.w = newSize;
-      changed = 1;
-    }
-  }
-  return changed;
-}
-
-// Recompute a scrollable container's contentHeight over its visible subtree
-// (mirrors the build-time computation), clamp the scroll offset, and force
-// the next paint to reseed the container canvas.
-static void ui_reflow_scroll_content(uint16_t p) {
-  if (!__ui_nodes[p].scrollable || __ui_nodes[p].virtualized) return;
-  int16_t maxBottom = static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[p].box.y);
-  uint16_t end = __ui_nodes[p].subtreeEnd;
-  if (end > __ui_node_count) end = __ui_node_count;
-  for (uint16_t j = p + 1; j < end; j++) {
-    if (!ui_is_effectively_visible(j)) continue;
-    int16_t bottom = static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[j].box.y + __ui_nodes[j].box.h);
-    if (bottom > maxBottom) maxBottom = bottom;
-  }
-  int16_t ch = static_cast<int16_t>(maxBottom - __ui_nodes[p].box.y);
-  if (ch < static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[p].box.h)) ch = static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[p].box.h);
-  __ui_nodes[p].contentHeight = ch;
-  int16_t maxScroll = static_cast<int16_t>(ch - __ui_nodes[p].box.h);
-  if (maxScroll < 0) maxScroll = 0;
-  if (__ui_nodes[p].scrollY > maxScroll) __ui_nodes[p].scrollY = maxScroll;
-  __ui_nodes[p].lastPaintedScrollY = static_cast<int16_t>(
-    __ui_nodes[p].scrollY - (__ui_nodes[p].box.h > 0 ? __ui_nodes[p].box.h : 1));
-}
-
-// Called after a node's visible flag changed: re-stack ancestor flow
-// containers bottom-up, then repaint the active screen once.
-static void ui_reflow_visibility(uint16_t changedNode) {
-  if (changedNode >= __ui_node_count) return;
-  uint8_t anyChange = 0;
-  uint16_t p = __ui_nodes[changedNode].parent;
-  uint16_t guard = 0;
-  while (p != UI_NO_PARENT && p < __ui_node_count && guard < 64U) {
-    guard++;
-    uint8_t changedHere = ui_restack_flow_container(p);
-    ui_reflow_scroll_content(p);
-    if (changedHere == 0U) break;  // nothing moved and the size held: ancestors unaffected
-    anyChange = 1;
-    p = __ui_nodes[p].parent;
-  }
-  if (anyChange == 0U) return;
-  // One full active-screen repaint — the same contract as navigation; a
-  // visibility collapse is a discrete user event, not an animation.
-  for (uint16_t i = 0; i < __ui_node_count; i++) {
-    if (__ui_nodes[i].screenId != __ui_active_screen) continue;
-    __ui_nodes[i].dirty = 1;
-    __ui_nodes[i].lastTextHeight = 0;
-  }
-}
-
-static inline void ui_set_visible(uint16_t nodeIdx, uint8_t visible) {
-  if (nodeIdx >= __ui_node_count) return;
-  visible = visible ? 1 : 0;
-  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].visible == visible) return;
-
-  if (!visible) {
-    // Clear the whole subtree in one clipped repair. This removes child pixels
-    // even when the container itself is transparent, without separate display
-    // writes for each descendant.
-    UIRect subtreeRect;
-    uint8_t hasSubtreeRect = ui_subtree_current_paint_rect(nodeIdx, &subtreeRect);
-    ui_clear_subtree_current_paint(nodeIdx);
-    int16_t end = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].subtreeEnd;
-    if (end > __ui_node_count) end = __ui_node_count;
-    for (int16_t c = end - 1; c >= static_cast<int16_t>(nodeIdx); c--) {
-      if (__ui_nodes[c].screenId != __ui_active_screen) continue;
-      __ui_nodes[c].dirty = 0;
-    }
-    if (hasSubtreeRect) ui_mark_overlapping_higher_layers_dirty_for_rect(nodeIdx, &subtreeRect);
-    __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].visible = 0;
-    ui_reflow_visibility(nodeIdx);
-    return;
-  }
-
-  __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].visible = 1;
-  int16_t end = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].subtreeEnd;
-  if (end > __ui_node_count) end = __ui_node_count;
-  for (uint16_t c = nodeIdx; c < end; c++) {
-    if (__ui_nodes[c].screenId == __ui_active_screen && ui_is_effectively_visible(c)) {
-      __ui_nodes[c].dirty = 1;
-      ui_mark_overlapping_higher_layers_dirty(c);
-    }
-  }
-  ui_reflow_visibility(nodeIdx);
-}
-`;
-}
+// Slice of the C++ runtime header (original source lines 1895-2441).
+// Paint rects, overlapping layers dirty, buffer decisions, seed/repair, scroll-clip tests, clipped primitives, clear/repair, set_visible.
+// See docs/superpowers/specs/2026-07-12-split-runtime-header-design.md.
+export function emitPaintRectsRepair(): string {
+  return `
+static inline void ui_node_paint_rect(uint16_t nodeIdx, int16_t baseX, int16_t baseY, int16_t drawX, int16_t drawY, uint16_t textW, uint16_t textH, UIRect* out) {
+  int16_t shadowL, shadowT, shadowR, shadowB;
+  ui_shadow_extents(nodeIdx, &shadowL, &shadowT, &shadowR, &shadowB);
+
+  int16_t faceW = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.w;
+  int16_t faceH = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.h;
+  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_TEXT || __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_CHECK || __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_RADIO || __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_SELECT) {
+    if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].lastTextWidth > faceW) faceW = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].lastTextWidth;
+    if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].lastTextHeight > faceH) faceH = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].lastTextHeight;
+    if (static_cast<int16_t>(textW) > faceW) faceW = static_cast<int16_t>(textW);
+    if (static_cast<int16_t>(textH) > faceH) faceH = static_cast<int16_t>(textH);
+  }
+  int16_t unrotatedFaceW = faceW;
+  int16_t unrotatedFaceH = faceH;
+  faceW = ui_rotated_face_w(nodeIdx, unrotatedFaceW, unrotatedFaceH);
+  faceH = ui_rotated_face_h(nodeIdx, unrotatedFaceW, unrotatedFaceH);
+
+  int16_t shadowX0 = baseX - shadowL;
+  int16_t shadowY0 = baseY - shadowT;
+  int16_t shadowX1 = baseX + faceW + shadowR;
+  int16_t shadowY1 = baseY + faceH + shadowB;
+  int16_t faceX0 = drawX;
+  int16_t faceY0 = drawY;
+  int16_t faceX1 = drawX + faceW;
+  int16_t faceY1 = drawY + faceH;
+  int16_t x0 = shadowX0 < faceX0 ? shadowX0 : faceX0;
+  int16_t y0 = shadowY0 < faceY0 ? shadowY0 : faceY0;
+  int16_t x1 = shadowX1 > faceX1 ? shadowX1 : faceX1;
+  int16_t y1 = shadowY1 > faceY1 ? shadowY1 : faceY1;
+  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].outlineStyle != 0 && __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].outlineWidth > 0) {
+    int16_t o = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].outlineWidth;
+    ui_expand_rect(&x0, &y0, &x1, &y1, drawX - o, drawY - o, drawX + faceW + o, drawY + faceH + o);
+  }
+  out->x = x0;
+  out->y = y0;
+  out->w = x1 - x0;
+  out->h = y1 - y0;
+}
+
+static inline void ui_node_current_paint_rect(uint16_t nodeIdx, UIRect* out) {
+  uint16_t tw = 0;
+  uint16_t th = 0;
+  uint16_t textMaxW = ui_node_text_max_width(nodeIdx);
+  ui_node_text_layout_metrics(nodeIdx, textMaxW, &tw, &th);
+  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_CHECK || __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_RADIO) {
+    tw += 22;
+    if (th < 16) th = 16;
+  }
+  ui_node_paint_rect(nodeIdx,
+    ui_base_draw_x_for_node(nodeIdx),
+    ui_base_draw_y_for_node(nodeIdx),
+    ui_draw_x_for_node(nodeIdx),
+    ui_draw_y_for_node(nodeIdx),
+    tw,
+    th,
+    out);
+}
+
+static inline uint8_t ui_subtree_current_paint_rect(uint16_t nodeIdx, UIRect* out) {
+  if (nodeIdx >= __ui_node_count) return 0;
+  int16_t end = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].subtreeEnd;
+  if (end > __ui_node_count) end = __ui_node_count;
+  uint8_t hasRect = 0;
+  int16_t x0 = 0;
+  int16_t y0 = 0;
+  int16_t x1 = 0;
+  int16_t y1 = 0;
+  for (uint16_t c = nodeIdx; c < end; c++) {
+    if (__ui_nodes[c].screenId != __ui_active_screen) continue;
+    if (!ui_is_effectively_visible(c)) continue;
+    UIRect r;
+    ui_node_current_paint_rect(c, &r);
+    if (r.w <= 0 || r.h <= 0) continue;
+    if (!hasRect) {
+      x0 = r.x;
+      y0 = r.y;
+      x1 = r.x + r.w;
+      y1 = r.y + r.h;
+      hasRect = 1;
+    } else {
+      ui_expand_rect(&x0, &y0, &x1, &y1, r.x, r.y, r.x + r.w, r.y + r.h);
+    }
+  }
+  if (!hasRect) return 0;
+  out->x = x0;
+  out->y = y0;
+  out->w = x1 - x0;
+  out->h = y1 - y0;
+  return 1;
+}
+
+static inline void ui_mark_overlapping_higher_layers_dirty(uint16_t nodeIdx) {
+  if (nodeIdx >= __ui_node_count) return;
+  if (!ui_is_effectively_visible(nodeIdx)) return;
+  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].screenId != __ui_active_screen) return;
+  UIRect r;
+  ui_node_current_paint_rect(nodeIdx, &r);
+  ui_mark_overlapping_higher_layers_dirty_for_rect(nodeIdx, &r);
+}
+
+static inline void ui_mark_overlapping_higher_layers_dirty_for_rect(uint16_t nodeIdx, const UIRect* r) {
+  if (nodeIdx >= __ui_node_count || !r) return;
+  if (!ui_is_effectively_visible(nodeIdx)) return;
+  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].screenId != __ui_active_screen) return;
+  if (r->w <= 0 || r->h <= 0) return;
+  for (uint16_t c = 0; c < __ui_node_count; c++) {
+    if (c == nodeIdx) continue;
+    if (__ui_nodes[c].dirty) continue;
+    if (!ui_is_effectively_visible(c)) continue;
+    if (__ui_nodes[c].screenId != __ui_active_screen) continue;
+    if (!ui_node_draws_before(nodeIdx, c)) continue;
+    UIRect cr;
+    ui_node_current_paint_rect(c, &cr);
+    if (cr.w <= 0 || cr.h <= 0) continue;
+    if (ui_rects_intersect(r->x, r->y, r->w, r->h, cr.x, cr.y, cr.w, cr.h)) {
+      __ui_nodes[c].dirty = 1;
+      // Repainting a container erases everything drawn inside it — its own
+      // descendants. Mark them too, or the ladder redraws the container face
+      // alone and wipes its children: a press under a dialog marked the scrim
+      // and card dirty (overlapping higher layers) but not the card's title/
+      // buttons, and their solo repaint erased the just-composed dialog. The
+      // dirty pass clears flags for invisible descendants, and scroll-subtree
+      // children route through the scroll defer as usual.
+      for (uint16_t k = c + 1; k < __ui_nodes[c].subtreeEnd && k < __ui_node_count; k++) {
+        if (__ui_nodes[k].screenId != __ui_active_screen) continue;
+        __ui_nodes[k].dirty = 1;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+static inline void ui_clear_press_offset_area(uint16_t nodeIdx, int16_t baseX, int16_t baseY, int16_t drawX, int16_t drawY, uint16_t textW, uint16_t textH) {
+  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].pressedOffsetX == 0 && __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].pressedOffsetY == 0) return;
+  UIRect r;
+  ui_node_paint_rect(nodeIdx, baseX, baseY, drawX, drawY, textW, textH, &r);
+  int16_t x0 = r.x;
+  int16_t y0 = r.y;
+  int16_t x1 = r.x + r.w;
+  int16_t y1 = r.y + r.h;
+  if (ui_display_is_default_target() && ui_repair_current_node_paint_with_parent(nodeIdx, &r)) return;
+  ui_display_fill_rect(x0, y0, x1 - x0, y1 - y0, ui_parent_clear_color(nodeIdx));
+}
+
+// Generated-font / AA text and images draw per-pixel when sent straight to SPI.
+// Prefer the RAM paint canvas for these kinds (within the pixel budget).
+// NOTE: ALL NODE_TEXT is treated as pixel-heavy. Even the classic GFX bitmap
+// font renders via drawPixel per font pixel, and on an SPI TFT each drawPixel
+// is a full set_window+RAMWR SPI transaction (~30us) — a single 460x8 text band
+// costs >100ms direct-drawn. Forcing every text node through the paint canvas
+// turns that into one RAM render + one SPI push (~3ms). AA/generated-font text
+// additionally requires getPixel readback for coverage blending, which is only
+// correct against a RAM target.
+static inline uint8_t ui_pixel_heavy_node(uint16_t nodeIdx) {
+  if (nodeIdx >= __ui_node_count) return 0;
+  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_IMG) return 1;
+  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_TEXT) return 1;
+  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_SELECT) return 1;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static inline uint8_t ui_should_buffer_paint(uint16_t nodeIdx, int16_t w, int16_t h) {
+  if (w <= 0 || h <= 0) return 0;
+  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_LIST) return 0;
+  // <canvas> elements batch via __ui_node_canvas when drawing to the display.
+  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_CANVAS) return 0;
+  // NO hard pixel cap here: oversized paint rects route to the band renderer
+  // via preferBand (UI_BAND_PREFER_PIXELS), and the repair canvas is never
+  // attempted above that threshold either. A cap here pushed just-over-budget
+  // repaints (a 452x48 full-width button is 21696px) onto the direct
+  // clear-then-redraw path — the visible button press flash.
+  if (ui_pixel_heavy_node(nodeIdx)) return 1;
+  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_FILL &&
+      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].hasBg &&
+      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].gradientEnabled == 0 &&
+      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderRadius == 0 &&
+      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderStyle == 0 &&
+      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].outlineStyle == 0 &&
+      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].shadowCount == 0) return 0;
+  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_FILL &&
+      !__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].hasBg &&
+      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderStyle == 0 &&
+      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].outlineStyle == 0 &&
+      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].shadowCount == 0) return 0;
+  return 1;
+}
+
+static inline void ui_seed_paint_canvas_for_node(uint16_t nodeIdx, CuttlefishCanvas16* canvas, int16_t canvasX, int16_t canvasY, int16_t bandTop) {
+  if (!canvas || !display_canvasBuffer(canvas)) return;
+  uint16_t p = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].parent;
+  if (p == UI_NO_PARENT || p >= __ui_node_count) {
+    display_canvasFillScreen(canvas, __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].clearColor);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  uint16_t parentDecorated =
+    (__ui_nodes[p].hasBg && (__ui_nodes[p].borderRadius > 0 || __ui_nodes[p].gradientEnabled > 0)) ||
+    __ui_nodes[p].borderStyle != 0 ||
+    __ui_nodes[p].outlineStyle != 0;
+  if (!parentDecorated) {
+    display_canvasFillScreen(canvas, ui_parent_clear_color(nodeIdx));
+    return;
+  }
+
+  display_canvasFillScreen(canvas, ui_parent_clear_color(p));
+  int16_t parentDrawX = ui_draw_x_for_node(p);
+  int16_t parentDrawY = ui_draw_y_for_node(p);
+  int16_t origParentX = __ui_nodes[p].box.x;
+  CuttlefishDisplayTarget* previousGfx = ui_display_get_target();
+  ui_display_set_target(canvas);
+  __ui_nodes[p].box.x = parentDrawX - canvasX;
+  // Shift the parent's draw Y up by bandTop so the band canvas shows the
+  // correct slice of the parent fill/border for this band's Y range. bandTop=0
+  // (the main-loop caller) is a no-op shift. canvasY already carries the paint
+  // rect's display-space origin; bandTop further offsets within the rect.
+  int16_t localY = parentDrawY - canvasY - bandTop;
+
+  // Parent fill color: blended toward the parent's backdrop when the parent is
+  // translucent (matching the main NODE_FILL draw, which uses fillBg). Without
+  // this, scroll repair seeds the canvas with the parent's RAW bg while the
+  // main draw used the blended color → shearing on translucent nodes during scroll.
+  UI_COLOR_T parentFillBg = __ui_nodes[p].bg;
+  if (__ui_nodes[p].opacity < 100) {
+    parentFillBg = ui_blend(__ui_nodes[p].bg, ui_parent_clear_color(p), __ui_nodes[p].opacity);
+  }
+
+  if (__ui_nodes[p].gradientEnabled > 0) {
+    ui_draw_gradient_fill(p, localY);
+  } else if (__ui_nodes[p].borderRadius > 0 && __ui_nodes[p].hasBg) {
+    ui_display_fill_round_rect(__ui_nodes[p].box.x, localY, __ui_nodes[p].box.w, __ui_nodes[p].box.h,
+      __ui_nodes[p].borderRadius, parentFillBg);
+  } else if (__ui_nodes[p].hasBg) {
+    ui_display_fill_rect(__ui_nodes[p].box.x, localY, __ui_nodes[p].box.w, __ui_nodes[p].box.h, parentFillBg);
+  }
+  if (__ui_nodes[p].borderStyle != 0) {
+    UI_COLOR_T bColor = __ui_nodes[p].borderColor ? __ui_nodes[p].borderColor : __ui_nodes[p].fg;
+    ui_draw_node_border(p, __ui_nodes[p].box.x, localY, bColor);
+  }
+  ui_draw_node_outline(p, __ui_nodes[p].box.x, localY);
+
+  __ui_nodes[p].box.x = origParentX;
+  ui_display_set_target(previousGfx);
+}
+
+static inline uint8_t ui_repair_current_node_paint_with_parent(uint16_t nodeIdx, UIRect* r) {
+  if (!r || r->w <= 0 || r->h <= 0) return 0;
+  if (static_cast<uint32_t>(r->w) * static_cast<uint32_t>(r->h) > UI_MAX_BUFFERED_PAINT_PIXELS) return 0;
+  CuttlefishCanvas16* repairCanvas = ui_get_repair_canvas(r->w, r->h);
+  if (!repairCanvas) return 0;
+  ui_seed_paint_canvas_for_node(nodeIdx, repairCanvas, r->x, r->y, 0);
+  // During a retained-framebuffer tick, publish the repair into the RAM
+  // composition surface. Sending it to the live panel here creates the visible
+  // erase/redraw flash seen on animated transforms.
+  if (__ui_fb) ui_display_set_target((CuttlefishDisplayTarget*)__ui_fb);
+  else ui_display_use_default_target();
+  ui_push_canvas_rect(repairCanvas, r->x, r->y, r->w, r->h);
+  ui_display_use_default_target();
+  return 1;
+}
+
+static inline uint8_t ui_is_rect_clipped_by_scroll(uint16_t nodeIdx, int16_t drawX, int16_t drawY, int16_t drawW, int16_t drawH) {
+  uint16_t p = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].parent;
+  while (p != UI_NO_PARENT && p < __ui_node_count) {
+    if (__ui_nodes[p].scrollable) {
+      if (drawX < __ui_nodes[p].box.x ||
+          drawX + drawW > __ui_nodes[p].box.x + __ui_nodes[p].box.w ||
+          drawY < __ui_nodes[p].box.y ||
+          drawY + drawH > __ui_nodes[p].box.y + __ui_nodes[p].box.h) {
+        return 1;
+      }
+    }
+    p = __ui_nodes[p].parent;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static inline uint8_t ui_is_clipped_by_scroll(uint16_t nodeIdx, int16_t drawX, int16_t drawY) {
+  return ui_is_rect_clipped_by_scroll(nodeIdx, drawX, drawY, __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.w, __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.h);
+}
+
+// Point-in-viewport test for hit-testing. A tap point is tappable if it lies
+// within EVERY scrollable ancestor's viewport (logical AND, matching the
+// preview's intersected scroll clip). This differs from ui_is_clipped_by_scroll,
+// which tests the node's whole bounding box — a tall node (e.g. a wrapped
+// rich-text paragraph) can overflow below the fold yet have a tappable link in
+// its visible portion. Use this in the hit-test path; keep the whole-box check
+// for draw culling, where a partially-visible node still needs repainting.
+static inline uint8_t ui_is_point_clipped_by_scroll(uint16_t nodeIdx, int16_t px, int16_t py) {
+  uint16_t p = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].parent;
+  while (p != UI_NO_PARENT && p < __ui_node_count) {
+    if (__ui_nodes[p].scrollable) {
+      if (px < __ui_nodes[p].box.x ||
+          px >= __ui_nodes[p].box.x + __ui_nodes[p].box.w ||
+          py < __ui_nodes[p].box.y ||
+          py >= __ui_nodes[p].box.y + __ui_nodes[p].box.h) {
+        return 1;
+      }
+    }
+    p = __ui_nodes[p].parent;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static inline uint8_t ui_clip_rect_to_rect(UIRect* r, const UIRect* clip) {
+  int16_t x0 = r->x > clip->x ? r->x : clip->x;
+  int16_t y0 = r->y > clip->y ? r->y : clip->y;
+  int16_t x1 = r->x + r->w < clip->x + clip->w ? r->x + r->w : clip->x + clip->w;
+  int16_t y1 = r->y + r->h < clip->y + clip->h ? r->y + r->h : clip->y + clip->h;
+  if (x1 <= x0 || y1 <= y0) return 0;
+  r->x = x0;
+  r->y = y0;
+  r->w = x1 - x0;
+  r->h = y1 - y0;
+  return 1;
+}
+
+static inline void ui_fill_rect_clipped(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t w, int16_t h, const UIRect* clip, UI_COLOR_T color) {
+  UIRect r = { x, y, w, h };
+  if (!ui_clip_rect_to_rect(&r, clip)) return;
+  ui_display_fill_rect(r.x, r.y, r.w, r.h, color);
+}
+
+static inline void ui_hline_clipped(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t w, const UIRect* clip, UI_COLOR_T color) {
+  if (w <= 0 || y < clip->y || y >= clip->y + clip->h) return;
+  int16_t x0 = x > clip->x ? x : clip->x;
+  int16_t x1 = x + w < clip->x + clip->w ? x + w : clip->x + clip->w;
+  if (x1 <= x0) return;
+  ui_display_draw_fast_hline(x0, y, x1 - x0, color);
+}
+
+static inline void ui_vline_clipped(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t h, const UIRect* clip, UI_COLOR_T color) {
+  if (h <= 0 || x < clip->x || x >= clip->x + clip->w) return;
+  int16_t y0 = y > clip->y ? y : clip->y;
+  int16_t y1 = y + h < clip->y + clip->h ? y + h : clip->y + clip->h;
+  if (y1 <= y0) return;
+  ui_display_draw_fast_vline(x, y0, y1 - y0, color);
+}
+
+static inline void ui_draw_rect_outline_clipped(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t w, int16_t h, uint8_t style, uint8_t width, const UIRect* clip, UI_COLOR_T color) {
+  if (style == 0 || width == 0 || w <= 0 || h <= 0) return;
+  for (uint8_t b = 0; b < width; b++) {
+    int16_t rx = x + b;
+    int16_t ry = y + b;
+    int16_t rw = w - 2 * b;
+    int16_t rh = h - 2 * b;
+    if (rw <= 0 || rh <= 0) return;
+    if (style == 1) {
+      ui_hline_clipped(rx, ry, rw, clip, color);
+      ui_hline_clipped(rx, ry + rh - 1, rw, clip, color);
+      ui_vline_clipped(rx, ry, rh, clip, color);
+      ui_vline_clipped(rx + rw - 1, ry, rh, clip, color);
+    } else {
+      for (int16_t dx = 0; dx < rw; dx += 8) {
+        int16_t seg = (dx + 4 <= rw) ? 4 : (rw - dx);
+        ui_hline_clipped(rx + dx, ry, seg, clip, color);
+        ui_hline_clipped(rx + dx, ry + rh - 1, seg, clip, color);
+      }
+      for (int16_t dy = 0; dy < rh; dy += 8) {
+        int16_t seg = (dy + 4 <= rh) ? 4 : (rh - dy);
+        ui_vline_clipped(rx, ry + dy, seg, clip, color);
+        ui_vline_clipped(rx + rw - 1, ry + dy, seg, clip, color);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+static inline void ui_draw_node_decoration_clipped(uint16_t nodeIdx, int16_t drawY, const UIRect* clip) {
+  if (nodeIdx >= __ui_node_count) return;
+  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderStyle != 0) {
+    UI_COLOR_T bColor = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderColor ? __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderColor : __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].fg;
+    int16_t x = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.x;
+    int16_t y = drawY;
+    int16_t w = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.w;
+    int16_t h = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.h;
+    if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderRadius > 0) {
+      if (x >= clip->x && y >= clip->y && x + w <= clip->x + clip->w && y + h <= clip->y + clip->h) {
+        ui_draw_node_border(nodeIdx, x, drawY, bColor);
+      }
+    } else {
+      ui_draw_rect_outline_clipped(x, y, w, h,
+        __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderStyle, __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderWidth, clip, bColor);
+    }
+  }
+  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].outlineStyle != 0 && __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].outlineWidth > 0) {
+    uint8_t w = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].outlineWidth;
+    int16_t x = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.x - w;
+    int16_t y = drawY - w;
+    int16_t ow = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.w + 2 * w;
+    int16_t oh = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.h + 2 * w;
+    if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderRadius > 0) {
+      if (x >= clip->x && y >= clip->y && x + ow <= clip->x + clip->w && y + oh <= clip->y + clip->h) {
+        ui_draw_node_outline(nodeIdx, __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.x, drawY);
+      }
+    } else {
+      ui_draw_rect_outline_clipped(x, y, ow, oh,
+        __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].outlineStyle, w, clip, __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].outlineColor);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+static inline void ui_clear_node_paint_rect(uint16_t nodeIdx, const UIRect* paintRect) {
+  if (nodeIdx >= __ui_node_count || !paintRect || paintRect->w <= 0 || paintRect->h <= 0) return;
+  int16_t scrollParent = ui_scroll_ancestor_for_node(nodeIdx);
+  UIRect r = *paintRect;
+  if (__ui_fb) ui_display_set_target((CuttlefishDisplayTarget*)__ui_fb);
+  else ui_display_use_default_target();
+  if (scrollParent >= 0) {
+    UIRect clip = {
+      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.x,
+      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.y,
+      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.w,
+      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.h
+    };
+    UIRect clipped = r;
+    if (!ui_clip_rect_to_rect(&clipped, &clip)) return;
+    if (ui_repair_current_node_paint_with_parent(nodeIdx, &clipped)) return;
+    ui_fill_rect_clipped(clipped.x, clipped.y, clipped.w, clipped.h, &clip, ui_parent_clear_color(nodeIdx));
+    uint16_t p = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].parent;
+    if (p != UI_NO_PARENT && p < __ui_node_count) {
+      ui_draw_node_decoration_clipped(p, ui_draw_y_for_node(p), &clip);
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+  if (ui_is_rect_clipped_by_scroll(nodeIdx, r.x, r.y, r.w, r.h)) return;
+  ui_display_fill_rect(r.x, r.y, r.w, r.h, ui_parent_clear_color(nodeIdx));
+  uint16_t p = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].parent;
+  if (p != UI_NO_PARENT && p < __ui_node_count) {
+    int16_t parentDrawY = ui_draw_y_for_node(p);
+    if (__ui_nodes[p].borderStyle != 0) {
+      UI_COLOR_T bColor = __ui_nodes[p].borderColor ? __ui_nodes[p].borderColor : __ui_nodes[p].fg;
+      ui_draw_node_border(p, ui_draw_x_for_node(p), parentDrawY, bColor);
+    }
+    ui_draw_node_outline(p, ui_draw_x_for_node(p), parentDrawY);
+  }
+}
+
+static inline void ui_clear_current_node_paint(uint16_t nodeIdx) {
+  if (nodeIdx >= __ui_node_count) return;
+  uint16_t tw = 0;
+  uint16_t th = 0;
+  uint16_t textMaxW = ui_node_text_max_width(nodeIdx);
+  ui_node_text_layout_metrics(nodeIdx, textMaxW, &tw, &th);
+  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_CHECK || __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind == NODE_RADIO) tw += 22;
+  int16_t baseDrawX = ui_base_draw_x_for_node(nodeIdx);
+  int16_t baseDrawY = ui_base_draw_y_for_node(nodeIdx);
+  int16_t drawX = ui_draw_x_for_node(nodeIdx);
+  int16_t drawY = ui_draw_y_for_node(nodeIdx);
+  UIRect r;
+  ui_node_paint_rect(nodeIdx, baseDrawX, baseDrawY, drawX, drawY, tw, th, &r);
+  ui_clear_node_paint_rect(nodeIdx, &r);
+}
+
+static inline uint8_t ui_try_repair_geometry_fill(uint16_t nodeIdx, const UIRect* oldRect) {
+  if (nodeIdx >= __ui_node_count || !oldRect || oldRect->w <= 0 || oldRect->h <= 0) return 0;
+  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].kind != NODE_FILL) return 0;
+  if (!__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].hasBg) return 0;
+  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].gradientEnabled != 0) return 0;
+  // borderRadius is NOT a bail-out: rounded fills (pill badges, keyframe
+  // boxes) repair through the same union bitmap — the corner arcs draw into
+  // the seeded backdrop. Rejecting them forced every geometry keyframe on a
+  // rounded box onto the direct clear→redraw fallback, which tears on SPI
+  // TFTs at animation frame rate. Border/outline/shadow chrome still bails:
+  // the repair body below doesn't render it.
+  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderStyle != 0 ||
+      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].outlineStyle != 0 ||
+      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].shadowCount != 0) return 0;
+
+  UIRect newRect;
+  ui_node_current_paint_rect(nodeIdx, &newRect);
+  if (newRect.w <= 0 || newRect.h <= 0) return 0;
+  int16_t x0 = oldRect->x < newRect.x ? oldRect->x : newRect.x;
+  int16_t y0 = oldRect->y < newRect.y ? oldRect->y : newRect.y;
+  int16_t x1 = oldRect->x + oldRect->w > newRect.x + newRect.w ? oldRect->x + oldRect->w : newRect.x + newRect.w;
+  int16_t y1 = oldRect->y + oldRect->h > newRect.y + newRect.h ? oldRect->y + oldRect->h : newRect.y + newRect.h;
+  UIRect repair = { x0, y0, static_cast<int16_t>(x1 - x0), static_cast<int16_t>(y1 - y0) };
+  int16_t scrollParent = ui_scroll_ancestor_for_node(nodeIdx);
+  if (scrollParent >= 0) {
+    UIRect clip = {
+      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.x,
+      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.y,
+      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.w,
+      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.h
+    };
+    if (!ui_clip_rect_to_rect(&repair, &clip)) {
+      ui_invalidate_scroll_canvas_for_node(nodeIdx);
+      return 1;
+    }
+  } else if (ui_is_rect_clipped_by_scroll(nodeIdx, repair.x, repair.y, repair.w, repair.h)) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+  if (repair.w <= 0 || repair.h <= 0) return 0;
+  if (static_cast<uint32_t>(repair.w) * static_cast<uint32_t>(repair.h) > UI_MAX_BUFFERED_PAINT_PIXELS) return 0;
+  CuttlefishCanvas16* repairCanvas = ui_get_repair_canvas(repair.w, repair.h);
+  if (!repairCanvas) return 0;
+
+  ui_seed_paint_canvas_for_node(nodeIdx, repairCanvas, repair.x, repair.y, 0);
+  CuttlefishDisplayTarget* previousGfx = ui_display_get_target();
+  ui_display_set_target(repairCanvas);
+  UI_COLOR_T fillBg = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].bg;
+  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].opacity < 100) {
+    fillBg = ui_blend(__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].bg, ui_parent_clear_color(nodeIdx), __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].opacity);
+  }
+  int16_t drawX = ui_draw_x_for_node(nodeIdx) - repair.x;
+  int16_t drawY = ui_draw_y_for_node(nodeIdx) - repair.y;
+  int16_t fillW = ui_rotated_face_w(nodeIdx, __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.w, __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.h);
+  int16_t fillH = ui_rotated_face_h(nodeIdx, __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.w, __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].box.h);
+  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderRadius > 0) {
+    ui_display_fill_round_rect(drawX, drawY, fillW, fillH,
+      __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].borderRadius, fillBg);
+  } else {
+    ui_display_fill_rect(drawX, drawY, fillW, fillH, fillBg);
+  }
+  ui_display_set_target(previousGfx);
+  // Keep geometry repair off the physical panel when a retained framebuffer is
+  // active; the final dirty-bounds publish will send the old+new union once.
+  if (__ui_fb) ui_display_set_target((CuttlefishDisplayTarget*)__ui_fb);
+  else ui_display_use_default_target();
+  ui_push_canvas_rect(repairCanvas, repair.x, repair.y, repair.w, repair.h);
+  ui_display_use_default_target();
+  if (scrollParent >= 0) ui_invalidate_scroll_canvas_for_node(nodeIdx);
+  ui_mark_overlapping_higher_layers_dirty_for_rect(nodeIdx, &repair);
+  return 1;
+}
+
+static inline void ui_clear_subtree_current_paint(uint16_t nodeIdx) {
+  if (nodeIdx >= __ui_node_count) return;
+  UIRect r;
+  if (!ui_subtree_current_paint_rect(nodeIdx, &r)) return;
+  ui_display_use_default_target();
+  int16_t scrollParent = ui_scroll_ancestor_for_node(nodeIdx);
+  if (scrollParent >= 0) {
+    UIRect clip = {
+      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.x,
+      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.y,
+      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.w,
+      __ui_nodes[scrollParent].box.h
+    };
+    UIRect clipped = r;
+    if (!ui_clip_rect_to_rect(&clipped, &clip)) return;
+    if (ui_repair_current_node_paint_with_parent(nodeIdx, &clipped)) return;
+    ui_fill_rect_clipped(clipped.x, clipped.y, clipped.w, clipped.h, &clip, ui_parent_clear_color(nodeIdx));
+    uint16_t p = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].parent;
+    if (p != UI_NO_PARENT && p < __ui_node_count) {
+      ui_draw_node_decoration_clipped(p, ui_draw_y_for_node(p), &clip);
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+  if (ui_repair_current_node_paint_with_parent(nodeIdx, &r)) return;
+  ui_display_fill_rect(r.x, r.y, r.w, r.h, ui_parent_clear_color(nodeIdx));
+  uint16_t p = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].parent;
+  if (p != UI_NO_PARENT && p < __ui_node_count) {
+    int16_t parentDrawY = ui_draw_y_for_node(p);
+    if (__ui_nodes[p].borderStyle != 0) {
+      UI_COLOR_T bColor = __ui_nodes[p].borderColor ? __ui_nodes[p].borderColor : __ui_nodes[p].fg;
+      ui_draw_node_border(p, ui_draw_x_for_node(p), parentDrawY, bColor);
+    }
+    ui_draw_node_outline(p, ui_draw_x_for_node(p), parentDrawY);
+  }
+}
+
+// ── Visibility reflow ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Layout runs at build time (yoga); a hidden subtree keeps its baked boxes,
+// so toggling the visible flag alone leaves a collapsed pane's space
+// reserved (an accordion card sized for its open state shows empty space
+// when closed). When a node's visibility changes, the runtime re-stacks each
+// ancestor flow container's in-flow children along the emitted axis
+// (flowAxis/flowGap/flowFlags metadata) and re-sizes content-sized
+// containers, cascading upward until a container stops changing. Preview
+// parity: the preview's layout engine excludes hidden nodes from flow on
+// every frame.
+
+// Outer extent of c's subtree along the flow axis, relative to c's own
+// origin. Descendants positioned above c's origin (overlays) don't count.
+static int16_t ui_subtree_flow_extent(uint16_t c, uint8_t axis) {
+  int16_t base = axis == 1 ? __ui_nodes[c].box.y : __ui_nodes[c].box.x;
+  int16_t maxEnd = static_cast<int16_t>(base + (axis == 1 ? __ui_nodes[c].box.h : __ui_nodes[c].box.w));
+  uint16_t end = __ui_nodes[c].subtreeEnd;
+  if (end > __ui_node_count) end = __ui_node_count;
+  for (uint16_t j = c + 1; j < end; j++) {
+    int16_t off = axis == 1 ? __ui_nodes[j].box.y : __ui_nodes[j].box.x;
+    int16_t rel = static_cast<int16_t>(off - base);
+    if (rel < 0) continue;
+    int16_t jEnd = static_cast<int16_t>(rel + (axis == 1 ? __ui_nodes[j].box.h : __ui_nodes[j].box.w));
+    if (jEnd > maxEnd) maxEnd = jEnd;
+  }
+  return static_cast<int16_t>(maxEnd - base);
+}
+
+static void ui_shift_subtree_main(uint16_t c, uint8_t axis, int16_t delta) {
+  uint16_t end = __ui_nodes[c].subtreeEnd;
+  if (end > __ui_node_count) end = __ui_node_count;
+  for (uint16_t j = c; j < end; j++) {
+    if (axis == 1) __ui_nodes[j].box.y = static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[j].box.y + delta);
+    else __ui_nodes[j].box.x = static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[j].box.x + delta);
+  }
+}
+
+// Re-stack p's in-flow children from the first in-flow child's slot (hidden
+// children take no space). Returns 1 when a child moved or p's content-sized
+// main dimension changed.
+static uint8_t ui_restack_flow_container(uint16_t p) {
+  if (p >= __ui_node_count) return 0;
+  uint8_t axis = __ui_nodes[p].flowAxis == 2 ? 2U : (__ui_nodes[p].flowAxis == 1 ? 1U : 0U);
+  if (axis == 0) return 0;
+  int16_t gap = static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[p].flowGap);
+  int16_t startSlot = 0;
+  int16_t cursor = 0;
+  uint8_t sawFlowChild = 0;
+  uint8_t sawVisibleChild = 0;
+  uint8_t changed = 0;
+  uint16_t end = __ui_nodes[p].subtreeEnd;
+  if (end > __ui_node_count) end = __ui_node_count;
+  for (uint16_t c = p + 1; c < end; c++) {
+    if (__ui_nodes[c].parent != p) continue;
+    if ((__ui_nodes[c].flowFlags & 0x4U) != 0U) continue;  // out-of-flow child
+    int16_t rel = axis == 1
+      ? static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[c].box.y - __ui_nodes[p].box.y)
+      : static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[c].box.x - __ui_nodes[p].box.x);
+    // The first in-flow child's slot anchors the stack (padding + its
+    // margins); a hidden first child must not drag the anchor down.
+    if (sawFlowChild == 0U) { startSlot = rel; sawFlowChild = 1; }
+    if (!ui_is_effectively_visible(c)) continue;  // collapsed: takes no space
+    if (sawVisibleChild == 0U) { cursor = startSlot; sawVisibleChild = 1; }
+    int16_t shift = static_cast<int16_t>(cursor - rel);
+    if (shift != 0) {
+      ui_shift_subtree_main(c, axis, shift);
+      changed = 1;
+    }
+    cursor = static_cast<int16_t>(cursor + ui_subtree_flow_extent(c, axis) + gap);
+  }
+  if (sawVisibleChild == 0U) return changed;
+  // A content-sized main dimension follows the stack: children's offsets
+  // already include the leading padding; trailing padding completes the box.
+  uint8_t autoMain = axis == 1
+    ? static_cast<uint8_t>(__ui_nodes[p].flowFlags & 0x1U)
+    : static_cast<uint8_t>(__ui_nodes[p].flowFlags & 0x2U);
+  if (autoMain != 0U) {
+    int16_t contentEnd = static_cast<int16_t>(cursor - gap);
+    int16_t padMain = axis == 1
+      ? static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[p].paddingBottom)
+      : static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[p].paddingRight);
+    int16_t newSize = static_cast<int16_t>(contentEnd + padMain);
+    if (newSize < 1) newSize = 1;
+    int16_t curSize = axis == 1 ? static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[p].box.h) : static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[p].box.w);
+    if (newSize != curSize) {
+      if (axis == 1) __ui_nodes[p].box.h = newSize;
+      else __ui_nodes[p].box.w = newSize;
+      changed = 1;
+    }
+  }
+  return changed;
+}
+
+// Recompute a scrollable container's contentHeight over its visible subtree
+// (mirrors the build-time computation), clamp the scroll offset, and force
+// the next paint to reseed the container canvas.
+static void ui_reflow_scroll_content(uint16_t p) {
+  if (!__ui_nodes[p].scrollable || __ui_nodes[p].virtualized) return;
+  int16_t maxBottom = static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[p].box.y);
+  uint16_t end = __ui_nodes[p].subtreeEnd;
+  if (end > __ui_node_count) end = __ui_node_count;
+  for (uint16_t j = p + 1; j < end; j++) {
+    if (!ui_is_effectively_visible(j)) continue;
+    int16_t bottom = static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[j].box.y + __ui_nodes[j].box.h);
+    if (bottom > maxBottom) maxBottom = bottom;
+  }
+  int16_t ch = static_cast<int16_t>(maxBottom - __ui_nodes[p].box.y);
+  if (ch < static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[p].box.h)) ch = static_cast<int16_t>(__ui_nodes[p].box.h);
+  __ui_nodes[p].contentHeight = ch;
+  int16_t maxScroll = static_cast<int16_t>(ch - __ui_nodes[p].box.h);
+  if (maxScroll < 0) maxScroll = 0;
+  if (__ui_nodes[p].scrollY > maxScroll) __ui_nodes[p].scrollY = maxScroll;
+  __ui_nodes[p].lastPaintedScrollY = static_cast<int16_t>(
+    __ui_nodes[p].scrollY - (__ui_nodes[p].box.h > 0 ? __ui_nodes[p].box.h : 1));
+}
+
+// Called after a node's visible flag changed: re-stack ancestor flow
+// containers bottom-up, then repaint the active screen once.
+static void ui_reflow_visibility(uint16_t changedNode) {
+  if (changedNode >= __ui_node_count) return;
+  uint8_t anyChange = 0;
+  uint16_t p = __ui_nodes[changedNode].parent;
+  uint16_t guard = 0;
+  while (p != UI_NO_PARENT && p < __ui_node_count && guard < 64U) {
+    guard++;
+    uint8_t changedHere = ui_restack_flow_container(p);
+    ui_reflow_scroll_content(p);
+    if (changedHere == 0U) break;  // nothing moved and the size held: ancestors unaffected
+    anyChange = 1;
+    p = __ui_nodes[p].parent;
+  }
+  if (anyChange == 0U) return;
+  // One full active-screen repaint — the same contract as navigation; a
+  // visibility collapse is a discrete user event, not an animation.
+  for (uint16_t i = 0; i < __ui_node_count; i++) {
+    if (__ui_nodes[i].screenId != __ui_active_screen) continue;
+    __ui_nodes[i].dirty = 1;
+    __ui_nodes[i].lastTextHeight = 0;
+  }
+}
+
+static inline void ui_set_visible(uint16_t nodeIdx, uint8_t visible) {
+  if (nodeIdx >= __ui_node_count) return;
+  visible = visible ? 1 : 0;
+  if (__ui_nodes[nodeIdx].visible == visible) return;
+
+  if (!visible) {
+    // Clear the whole subtree in one clipped repair. This removes child pixels
+    // even when the container itself is transparent, without separate display
+    // writes for each descendant.
+    UIRect subtreeRect;
+    uint8_t hasSubtreeRect = ui_subtree_current_paint_rect(nodeIdx, &subtreeRect);
+    ui_clear_subtree_current_paint(nodeIdx);
+    int16_t end = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].subtreeEnd;
+    if (end > __ui_node_count) end = __ui_node_count;
+    for (int16_t c = end - 1; c >= static_cast<int16_t>(nodeIdx); c--) {
+      if (__ui_nodes[c].screenId != __ui_active_screen) continue;
+      __ui_nodes[c].dirty = 0;
+    }
+    if (hasSubtreeRect) ui_mark_overlapping_higher_layers_dirty_for_rect(nodeIdx, &subtreeRect);
+    __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].visible = 0;
+    ui_reflow_visibility(nodeIdx);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].visible = 1;
+  int16_t end = __ui_nodes[nodeIdx].subtreeEnd;
+  if (end > __ui_node_count) end = __ui_node_count;
+  for (uint16_t c = nodeIdx; c < end; c++) {
+    if (__ui_nodes[c].screenId == __ui_active_screen && ui_is_effectively_visible(c)) {
+      __ui_nodes[c].dirty = 1;
+      ui_mark_overlapping_higher_layers_dirty(c);
+    }
+  }
+  ui_reflow_visibility(nodeIdx);
+}
+`;
+}