@torrent-tv/proxy 2.87.4 → 2.87.6

package/services/encode/quality/HostLoad.js

@@ -1,525 +1,525 @@
-/**
- * What the proxy's own work costs this host, read while it runs.
- *
- * The torrent's CPU per megabyte it moves, the share of a core this process
- * draws doing nothing priced, how fast each watched torrent is moving, the speed
- * each file's supply demands, how long each file is, and how much of the machine
- * a new encoder could have. The encoders' own cost is `EncodeCost`'s.
- */
-
-import os from "node:os";
-import { logger } from "../../../utils/logger.js";
-import { availableShareFrom } from "../available-share.js";
-import { baseDrawFrom, costPerMegabyteFrom } from "../torrent-cost.js";
-import { medianOf, movedBeyondScatter, READINGS_KEPT, scatterOf } from "../learned-median.js";
-import { ENCODE_RUN_STATE, processCanBeSignalled } from "../encode-run-state.js";
-import { SourceFiles } from "../../media/SourceFile.js";
-
-// How far ahead of its own read head a reader asks the swarm for, expressed in
-// seconds of PLAYBACK. The torrent thread can only think in bytes, and a fixed
-// byte window is wrong at both ends of the range: 32 MB is half a minute of a
-// 1080p film and about four seconds of a disc remux. Duration and file size are
-// both known here, so the window is sized where the knowledge is and sent down
-// on the ffmpeg input URL.
-const READ_WINDOW_SECONDS = 30;
-// Bounds, so a wrong or unusual byte rate cannot ask for something absurd. The
-// floor keeps a few pieces in flight on a low-bitrate file; the ceiling keeps
-// one reader from claiming more than a fraction of the piece store.
-const READ_WINDOW_MIN_BYTES = 16 * 1024 * 1024;
-const READ_WINDOW_MAX_BYTES = 96 * 1024 * 1024;
-
-export class HostLoad {
-  /** What this reads and asks of the rest of the proxy, and nothing else. @type {object} */
-  #host;
-
-  /** How much of the machine a new encoder could have, from the last reading; undefined before one. */
-  hostAvailability;
-
-  /** The previous reading of the machine, to compare the next one against. */
-  #hostLoadSample = null;
-
-  /** The previous reading taken while nothing was encoding, for the torrent's own cost. */
-  #idleLoadSample = null;
-
-  /**
-   * How long each file is in bytes, from the stats call the read window already
-   * makes. The torrent moves the CONTAINER, so this — not the video stream's
-   * bitrate — is what its work should be priced against.
-   *
-   * @type {Map<string, number>}
-   */
-  fileLengthByKey = new Map();
-
-  /** Seconds of this process's CPU per megabyte the torrent moves, once measured. */
-  observedTorrentCostPerMegabyte = null;
-
-  /** @type {number[]} Recent readings behind that median. */
-  #torrentCostReadings = [];
-
-  /**
-   * The share of one core this process draws with nothing encoding and the
-   * torrents moving nothing — the spending that would have happened anyway, and
-   * which must come off a reading before the rest is called the torrent's.
-   */
-  #observedBaseDraw = null;
-
-  /** @type {number[]} Recent readings behind that median. */
-  #baseDrawReadings = [];
-
-  /**
-   * What each watched TORRENT is measured to be moving right now, in bytes per
-   * second, keyed by source. Rebuilt every budget tick from the live sessions,
-   * so an entry that is present was taken this tick.
-   *
-   * @type {Map<string, number>}
-   */
-  #downloadRateByKey = new Map();
-
-  /**
-   * The speed each file's own interruptions were last measured to demand,
-   * keyed `sourceKey:fileIndex`. Kept per source rather than per session
-   * because the first offer for a file is made before any session of it exists,
-   * and a file that has been watched before has already told the reader what
-   * its swarm does.
-   *
-   * @type {Map<string, number>}
-   */
-  #requiredSpeedByKey = new Map();
-
-  /** Last complete supply reading for each source file. @type {Map<string, object>} */
-  #supplyByKey = new Map();
-
-  /**
-   * @param {object} host - `liveRunsOf`, `runStateOf`, the readings of `encode/host-load.js` (`readMachineState`, `readProcessCpuSeconds`, `readProxyCpuSeconds`, `readSystemCpu`, `shareOfMachine`), `getSourceStats`, `getTorrentTotals`, `outputs`
-   */
-  constructor(host) {
-    this.#host = host;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * The read-ahead window for a file, in bytes, sized from how many seconds of
-   * playback it holds.
-   *
-   * @param {string} sourceKey
-   * @param {number} fileIndex
-   * @param {number} durationSeconds
-   * @returns {Promise<number>} Zero when the byte rate cannot be established,
-   *   which leaves the reader on its own default.
-   */
-  async readWindowBytesFor(sourceKey, fileIndex, durationSeconds) {
-    // The length read here is also what prices the torrent's own work for this
-    // file, so it is remembered rather than discarded.
-
-    if (!this.#host.getSourceStats || !Number.isFinite(durationSeconds) || durationSeconds <= 0) {
-      return 0;
-    }
-    let fileLength = 0;
-    try {
-      const stats = await this.#host.getSourceStats(sourceKey, fileIndex);
-      fileLength = Number(stats?.fileLength);
-    } catch {
-      return 0;
-    }
-    if (!Number.isFinite(fileLength) || fileLength <= 0) {
-      return 0;
-    }
-    this.fileLengthByKey.set(SourceFiles.keyFor(sourceKey, fileIndex), fileLength);
-    const bytesPerSecond = fileLength / durationSeconds;
-    // Shared between the readers this file already has. The window is stated in
-    // seconds of playback and the store's memory is one budget for the whole
-    // torrent, so N readers asking for thirty seconds each ask for N times what
-    // was provided for — and on 2026-08-15 that is exactly what happened: a
-    // viewer with a picture and an audio track had every resident piece held at
-    // once, a read ended with zero bytes, and every encoder on the file took
-    // that for the end of it.
-    //
-    // Dividing keeps the promise the budget was written against. It is not the
-    // sliding window of roadmap item 8 — pieces still leave only by the store's
-    // own eviction — but it removes the multiplication that broke it.
-    const readers = Math.max(1, this.#readersOn(sourceKey, fileIndex));
-    const wanted = Math.round((bytesPerSecond * READ_WINDOW_SECONDS) / readers);
-    return Math.min(READ_WINDOW_MAX_BYTES, Math.max(READ_WINDOW_MIN_BYTES, wanted));
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * How many live sessions read this file: the picture, any rung being warmed
-   * beside it, and any audio track published on its own.
-   *
-   * @param {string} sourceKey
-   * @param {number} fileIndex
-   * @returns {number}
-   */
-  #readersOn(sourceKey, fileIndex) {
-    let readers = 0;
-    for (const session of this.#host.outputs.values()) {
-      if (session?.file.sourceKey === sourceKey && session.file.fileIndex === fileIndex) {
-        readers += 1;
-      }
-    }
-    return readers;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * What the torrent itself costs this machine, per megabyte it moves.
-   *
-   * Downloading, verifying every piece and pushing segments down a data channel
-   * are work on the same box as the encoder, they scale with the file's own
-   * bitrate, and the budget counts none of it. Measured on the addon host with
-   * every encoder suspended, the machine was still 20-29 % busy.
-   *
-   * Taken only while NOTHING is encoding, because that is the only moment the
-   * spending can be attributed without arithmetic: what this process uses then
-   * is the torrent's.
-   */
-  async #learnTorrentCost() {
-    const now = {
-      takenAt: Date.now(),
-      cpuSeconds: this.#host.readProxyCpuSeconds(),
-      bytes: await this.#torrentBytesMoved()
-    };
-    const previous = this.#idleLoadSample;
-    this.#idleLoadSample = now;
-    if (previous === null || now.bytes === null || previous.bytes === null) {
-      return;
-    }
-    const elapsedSec = (now.takenAt - previous.takenAt) / 1000;
-    const megabytes = (now.bytes - previous.bytes) / 1e6;
-    // Divided by the cores, because `process.cpuUsage()` adds up every thread
-    // while everything this figure is later added to is measured in WALL
-    // seconds per second of video. Left undivided on the four-core addon host
-    // it overstated the torrent by four times, which on the field's own rung
-    // was the difference between offering it and refusing it.
-    const cores = Math.max(1, os.cpus().length);
-    const cpuSeconds = (now.cpuSeconds - previous.cpuSeconds) / cores;
-    if (megabytes === 0) {
-      // Nothing encoding and not one byte moved: whatever this process spent in
-      // that interval, it spends whether or not there is a torrent. Measuring
-      // it is what lets the next interval be attributed instead of divided
-      // whole — see `encode/torrent-cost.js` for the readings that forced this.
-      this.#learnBaseDraw(baseDrawFrom({ cpuSeconds, elapsedSeconds: elapsedSec }));
-      return;
-    }
-    const costPerMegabyte = costPerMegabyteFrom({
-      cpuSeconds,
-      elapsedSeconds: elapsedSec,
-      megabytes,
-      baseDraw: this.#observedBaseDraw,
-      // How much the draw's own readings disagree, which is how much of this
-      // interval's remainder means nothing.
-      drawScatter: scatterOf(this.#baseDrawReadings)
-    });
-    if (costPerMegabyte === null) {
-      return;
-    }
-    const readings = [...this.#torrentCostReadings, costPerMegabyte].slice(-READINGS_KEPT);
-    this.#torrentCostReadings = readings;
-    const median = medianOf(readings);
-    if (!movedBeyondScatter(this.observedTorrentCostPerMegabyte, median, readings)) {
-      return;
-    }
-    this.observedTorrentCostPerMegabyte = median;
-    logger.info(
-      `host-load: the torrent costs ${(median * 1000).toFixed(1)}ms of CPU per MB on this host ` +
-      `(median of ${readings.length}, latest ${(costPerMegabyte * 1000).toFixed(1)}ms over ${megabytes.toFixed(1)}MB, ` +
-      `base draw ${((this.#observedBaseDraw ?? 0) * 100).toFixed(1)}% of a core already taken off)`
-    );
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * What each watched file's torrent is moving right now.
-   *
-   * The torrent is priced per megabyte it moves, so the price has to be charged
-   * against the megabytes it IS moving. Charged against the file's own byte
-   * rate — what the viewer consumes — it asks for payment on a fully downloaded
-   * file that is moving nothing, and it under-charges a file being fetched
-   * ahead of the viewer, which is the state every session starts in.
-   *
-   * Rebuilt whole each tick from the live sessions, so an entry that is here
-   * was taken this tick and a source nobody is watching leaves by itself.
-   *
-   * @returns {Promise<void>}
-   */
-  async sampleDownloadRates() {
-    if (!this.#host.getSourceStats) {
-      return;
-    }
-    /** @type {Map<string, { sourceKey: string, fileIndex: number }>} */
-    const wanted = new Map();
-    for (const session of this.#host.outputs.values()) {
-      wanted.set(session.file.key, {
-        sourceKey: session.file.sourceKey,
-        fileIndex: session.file.fileIndex
-      });
-    }
-    /** @type {Map<string, number>} */
-    const measured = new Map();
-    for (const [key, source] of wanted) {
-      try {
-        const stats = await this.#host.getSourceStats(source.sourceKey, source.fileIndex);
-        // The TORRENT's rate, which is what it is: one swarm feeding one
-        // client, whichever of its files are being read. Kept per source and
-        // divided among the files being watched, so two episodes of one pack
-        // do not each charge the machine for the whole download.
-        const rate = Number(stats?.downloadSpeed);
-        if (Number.isFinite(rate) && rate >= 0) {
-          measured.set(source.sourceKey, rate);
-        }
-        // Kept, not rebuilt: the demand a swarm made on this file does not stop
-        // being true when a tick fails to fetch it, and it is what the FIRST
-        // offer of the next session will be judged against.
-        const demanded = Number(stats?.supply?.requiredSpeed);
-        if (Number.isFinite(demanded) && demanded > 0) {
-          this.#requiredSpeedByKey.set(key, demanded);
-        }
-        if (stats?.supply) {
-          this.#supplyByKey.set(key, stats.supply);
-        }
-      } catch {
-        // The pool is busy or gone. A reading missed is not a fault, and the
-        // key simply does not appear this tick.
-      }
-    }
-    this.#downloadRateByKey = measured;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * How many files of one torrent have a live session reading them.
-   *
-   * @param {string} sourceKey
-   * @returns {number} At least one, so the rate is never divided by nothing.
-   */
-  #filesWatchedOn(sourceKey) {
-    const files = new Set();
-    for (const session of this.#host.outputs.values()) {
-      if (session?.file.sourceKey === sourceKey) {
-        files.add(session.file.fileIndex);
-      }
-    }
-    return Math.max(1, files.size);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * The speed this file's supply demands, as last measured on this swarm.
-   *
-   * @param {string} sourceKey
-   * @param {number} fileIndex
-   * @returns {number | null}
-   */
-  requiredSpeedFor(sourceKey, fileIndex) {
-    return this.#requiredSpeedByKey.get(SourceFiles.keyFor(sourceKey, fileIndex)) ?? null;
-  }
-
-  /** Last complete supply reading for a source file. */
-  supplyFor(file) {
-    return this.#supplyByKey.get(SourceFiles.keyFor(file.sourceKey, file.fileIndex)) ?? null;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * How many megabytes a second the torrent is moving for this file — measured
-   * where a reading exists, and otherwise the rate the file has to be moved at
-   * to be watched at all (its length over its duration), which is what the
-   * measured rate averages to over a viewing.
-   *
-   * @param {string} sourceKey
-   * @param {number} fileIndex
-   * @param {number | null} fileLengthBytes
-   * @param {number | null} durationSeconds
-   * @returns {number | null}
-   */
-  torrentMegabytesPerSecond(sourceKey, fileIndex, fileLengthBytes, durationSeconds) {
-    const measured = this.#downloadRateByKey.get(sourceKey);
-    if (Number.isFinite(measured)) {
-      return measured / 1e6 / this.#filesWatchedOn(sourceKey);
-    }
-    // The FILE's rate, not the video stream's. What the torrent moves is the
-    // container: on the releases this serves, two or three AC-3 tracks add
-    // 10-25 % to what the picture alone would suggest.
-    const fileLength = Number(fileLengthBytes);
-    const duration = Number(durationSeconds);
-    if (Number.isFinite(fileLength) && fileLength > 0 && Number.isFinite(duration) && duration > 0) {
-      return fileLength / duration / 1e6;
-    }
-    return null;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Record what this process draws when it is doing none of the work that gets
-   * priced.
-   *
-   * @param {number | null} share - Of one core, over the interval just read.
-   * @returns {void}
-   */
-  #learnBaseDraw(share) {
-    if (share === null) {
-      return;
-    }
-    const readings = [...this.#baseDrawReadings, share].slice(-READINGS_KEPT);
-    this.#baseDrawReadings = readings;
-    const median = medianOf(readings);
-    if (!movedBeyondScatter(this.#observedBaseDraw, median, readings)) {
-      return;
-    }
-    this.#observedBaseDraw = median;
-    logger.info(
-      `host-load: this process draws ${(median * 100).toFixed(1)}% of a core with nothing encoding and ` +
-      `nothing downloading (median of ${readings.length}, latest ${(share * 100).toFixed(1)}%)`
-    );
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Bytes this proxy's torrents have moved in total, or null when it cannot be
-   * asked.
-   *
-   * @returns {Promise<number | null>}
-   */
-  async #torrentBytesMoved() {
-    if (typeof this.#host.getTorrentTotals !== "function") {
-      return null;
-    }
-    try {
-      const totals = await this.#host.getTorrentTotals();
-      // Downloaded bytes only. Every one of them is verified against the piece
-      // hash and written to the store; a byte sent back to the swarm is neither,
-      // and adding the two would price both at whatever the mixture happened to
-      // be on the day.
-      const downloaded = Number(totals?.downloaded);
-      return Number.isFinite(downloaded) ? downloaded : null;
-    } catch {
-      return null; // the pool is busy or gone; a reading missed is not a fault
-    }
-  }
-
-  async reportHostLoad() {
-    const encoding = [...this.#host.outputs.values()].filter(
-      (session) => processCanBeSignalled(this.#host.runStateOf(session))
-    );
-    const runningNow = encoding.filter((session) => this.#host.runStateOf(session) !== ENCODE_RUN_STATE.SUSPENDED);
-    if (runningNow.length === 0) {
-      // No encoder is RUNNING. A suspended one costs nothing, and counting it
-      // as work meant this was never reached: measured 2026-08-15, four minutes
-      // in which every encoder was suspended, the torrent's price could have
-      // been taken, and none was. What this process spends now is the download,
-      // the verification, the piece store and the delivery. Item 7.
-      await this.#learnTorrentCost();
-      this.#hostLoadSample = null;
-      return;
-    }
-    this.#idleLoadSample = null;
-    // EVERY encoder, added up. One of them is meaningless on a host that runs a
-    // picture and an audio track at once, and picking the first would have
-    // reported whichever the map happened to hold.
-    // Kept per PROCESS, not as one total. The set changes between readings —
-    // a seek kills ffmpeg and starts another with a new pid whose counter
-    // begins at zero, a session ends, a rendition begins — and subtracting one
-    // total from another across a changed set produces nonsense: a restart
-    // alone would print something like `ffmpeg=-598%`. Only pids present in
-    // BOTH readings are counted, so a process that came or went contributes
-    // nothing rather than a lie.
-    const pids = encoding.flatMap((session) => this.#host.liveRunsOf(session).map((run) => run.process?.pid ?? null)).filter((pid) => pid !== null);
-    const [system, ...cpuReadings] = await Promise.all([
-      this.#host.readSystemCpu(),
-      ...pids.map((pid) => this.#host.readProcessCpuSeconds(pid))
-    ]);
-    /** @type {Map<number, number>} */
-    const byPid = new Map();
-    pids.forEach((pid, index) => {
-      const seconds = cpuReadings[index];
-      if (seconds !== null) {
-        byPid.set(pid, seconds);
-      }
-    });
-    const sample = {
-      takenAt: Date.now(),
-      byPid,
-      system,
-      // The proxy's own CPU, across every thread: the torrent, the hashing, the
-      // piece store and the delivery. None of it is in the encode budget, and
-      // on the addon host it is most of what the machine does while encoders
-      // are suspended.
-      proxyCpuSeconds: this.#host.readProxyCpuSeconds()
-    };
-    const previous = this.#hostLoadSample;
-    this.#hostLoadSample = sample;
-    if (previous === null) {
-      return; // the first reading is only something to compare against
-    }
-    // Summed over the pids both readings hold, so nothing is measured against a
-    // process that was not there before. Unknown stays unknown: on a host with
-    // no `/proc` there are no readings at all, and the share is null rather
-    // than a confident zero.
-    let encoderDelta = null;
-    for (const [pid, seconds] of sample.byPid) {
-      const before = previous.byPid?.get(pid);
-      if (before !== undefined && seconds >= before) {
-        encoderDelta = (encoderDelta ?? 0) + (seconds - before);
-      }
-    }
-    const share = this.#host.shareOfMachine(
-      { takenAt: previous.takenAt, processCpuSeconds: encoderDelta === null ? null : 0, system: previous.system },
-      { takenAt: sample.takenAt, processCpuSeconds: encoderDelta, system: sample.system }
-    );
-    if (share === null) {
-      return;
-    }
-    // How many of them are stopped by the look-ahead cap. Without this a zero
-    // share reads as an encoder being starved of the machine, when it is an
-    // encoder deliberately not running — which is what the first readings on
-    // the addon host actually were (2026-08-15: `ffmpeg=0% system=24%`, both
-    // encoders suspended, and the speed beside it a stale figure from before
-    // they stopped).
-    const suspended = encoding.filter((session) => this.#host.runStateOf(session) === ENCODE_RUN_STATE.SUSPENDED).length;
-    const running = encoding.length - suspended;
-    const machine = await this.#host.readMachineState();
-    const asPercent = (value) => (value === null ? "n/a" : `${Math.round(value * 100)}%`);
-    const cores = Math.max(1, os.cpus().length);
-    const proxyShare = Number.isFinite(previous.proxyCpuSeconds)
-      ? (sample.proxyCpuSeconds - previous.proxyCpuSeconds) / (share.elapsedSec * cores)
-      : null;
-    // Kept for the quality offer, which predicts from a benchmark taken on a
-    // QUIET host: the same reading that is printed here says how much of the
-    // machine a new encoder could actually have. Only what nobody has been
-    // charged for is subtracted — see `encode/available-share.js`.
-    this.hostAvailability = availableShareFrom({
-      systemBusy: share.systemShare,
-      encoderShare: share.processShare,
-      proxyShare
-    });
-    logger.info(
-      `host-load: ffmpeg=${asPercent(share.processShare)} proxy=${asPercent(proxyShare)} ` +
-      `system=${asPercent(share.systemShare)} ` +
-      `iowait=${asPercent(share.iowaitShare)} cpu=${machine.megahertz === null ? "n/a" : `${machine.megahertz}MHz`} ` +
-      `temp=${machine.celsius === null ? "n/a" : `${machine.celsius}C`} ` +
-      `encoders=${running} running` + (suspended > 0 ? ` +${suspended} suspended` : "") +
-      ` over=${share.elapsedSec.toFixed(1)}s` +
-      // What the offer will multiply a prediction by, in the same line as the
-      // readings it comes from.
-      ` available=${asPercent(this.hostAvailability.share)}`
-    );
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * What this file costs the machine merely by being fetched and delivered
-   * while it is watched, in seconds of work per second of video.
-   *
-   * A viewer consumes the file at its own byte rate, and every one of those
-   * bytes is downloaded, verified and pushed by this process. Priced per
-   * megabyte from readings taken while nothing was encoding, so the two
-   * measurements do not contain each other. Zero while either term is unmeasured
-   * — a guess here would refuse rungs on arithmetic nobody performed.
-   *
-   * @param {HlsSession} session
-   * @returns {number}
-   */
-  torrentCostSecFor(session) {
-    const perMegabyte = this.observedTorrentCostPerMegabyte;
-    const megabytesPerSecond = this.torrentMegabytesPerSecond(
-      session.file.sourceKey,
-      session.file.fileIndex,
-      this.fileLengthByKey.get(session.file.key) ?? null,
-      session.file.durationSeconds
-    );
-    return perMegabyte !== null && megabytesPerSecond !== null
-      ? perMegabyte * megabytesPerSecond
-      : 0;
-  }
-}
+/**
+ * What the proxy's own work costs this host, read while it runs.
+ *
+ * The torrent's CPU per megabyte it moves, the share of a core this process
+ * draws doing nothing priced, how fast each watched torrent is moving, the speed
+ * each file's supply demands, how long each file is, and how much of the machine
+ * a new encoder could have. The encoders' own cost is `EncodeCost`'s.
+ */
+
+import os from "node:os";
+import { logger } from "../../../utils/logger.js";
+import { availableShareFrom } from "../available-share.js";
+import { baseDrawFrom, costPerMegabyteFrom } from "../torrent-cost.js";
+import { medianOf, movedBeyondScatter, READINGS_KEPT, scatterOf } from "../learned-median.js";
+import { ENCODE_RUN_STATE, processCanBeSignalled } from "../encode-run-state.js";
+import { SourceFiles } from "../../media/SourceFile.js";
+
+// How far ahead of its own read head a reader asks the swarm for, expressed in
+// seconds of PLAYBACK. The torrent thread can only think in bytes, and a fixed
+// byte window is wrong at both ends of the range: 32 MB is half a minute of a
+// 1080p film and about four seconds of a disc remux. Duration and file size are
+// both known here, so the window is sized where the knowledge is and sent down
+// on the ffmpeg input URL.
+const READ_WINDOW_SECONDS = 30;
+// Bounds, so a wrong or unusual byte rate cannot ask for something absurd. The
+// floor keeps a few pieces in flight on a low-bitrate file; the ceiling keeps
+// one reader from claiming more than a fraction of the piece store.
+const READ_WINDOW_MIN_BYTES = 16 * 1024 * 1024;
+const READ_WINDOW_MAX_BYTES = 96 * 1024 * 1024;
+
+export class HostLoad {
+  /** What this reads and asks of the rest of the proxy, and nothing else. @type {object} */
+  #host;
+
+  /** How much of the machine a new encoder could have, from the last reading; undefined before one. */
+  hostAvailability;
+
+  /** The previous reading of the machine, to compare the next one against. */
+  #hostLoadSample = null;
+
+  /** The previous reading taken while nothing was encoding, for the torrent's own cost. */
+  #idleLoadSample = null;
+
+  /**
+   * How long each file is in bytes, from the stats call the read window already
+   * makes. The torrent moves the CONTAINER, so this — not the video stream's
+   * bitrate — is what its work should be priced against.
+   *
+   * @type {Map<string, number>}
+   */
+  fileLengthByKey = new Map();
+
+  /** Seconds of this process's CPU per megabyte the torrent moves, once measured. */
+  observedTorrentCostPerMegabyte = null;
+
+  /** @type {number[]} Recent readings behind that median. */
+  #torrentCostReadings = [];
+
+  /**
+   * The share of one core this process draws with nothing encoding and the
+   * torrents moving nothing — the spending that would have happened anyway, and
+   * which must come off a reading before the rest is called the torrent's.
+   */
+  #observedBaseDraw = null;
+
+  /** @type {number[]} Recent readings behind that median. */
+  #baseDrawReadings = [];
+
+  /**
+   * What each watched TORRENT is measured to be moving right now, in bytes per
+   * second, keyed by source. Rebuilt every budget tick from the live sessions,
+   * so an entry that is present was taken this tick.
+   *
+   * @type {Map<string, number>}
+   */
+  #downloadRateByKey = new Map();
+
+  /**
+   * The speed each file's own interruptions were last measured to demand,
+   * keyed `sourceKey:fileIndex`. Kept per source rather than per session
+   * because the first offer for a file is made before any session of it exists,
+   * and a file that has been watched before has already told the reader what
+   * its swarm does.
+   *
+   * @type {Map<string, number>}
+   */
+  #requiredSpeedByKey = new Map();
+
+  /** Last complete supply reading for each source file. @type {Map<string, object>} */
+  #supplyByKey = new Map();
+
+  /**
+   * @param {object} host - `liveRunsOf`, `runStateOf`, the readings of `encode/host-load.js` (`readMachineState`, `readProcessCpuSeconds`, `readProxyCpuSeconds`, `readSystemCpu`, `shareOfMachine`), `getSourceStats`, `getTorrentTotals`, `outputs`
+   */
+  constructor(host) {
+    this.#host = host;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * The read-ahead window for a file, in bytes, sized from how many seconds of
+   * playback it holds.
+   *
+   * @param {string} sourceKey
+   * @param {number} fileIndex
+   * @param {number} durationSeconds
+   * @returns {Promise<number>} Zero when the byte rate cannot be established,
+   *   which leaves the reader on its own default.
+   */
+  async readWindowBytesFor(sourceKey, fileIndex, durationSeconds) {
+    // The length read here is also what prices the torrent's own work for this
+    // file, so it is remembered rather than discarded.
+
+    if (!this.#host.getSourceStats || !Number.isFinite(durationSeconds) || durationSeconds <= 0) {
+      return 0;
+    }
+    let fileLength = 0;
+    try {
+      const stats = await this.#host.getSourceStats(sourceKey, fileIndex);
+      fileLength = Number(stats?.fileLength);
+    } catch {
+      return 0;
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(fileLength) || fileLength <= 0) {
+      return 0;
+    }
+    this.fileLengthByKey.set(SourceFiles.keyFor(sourceKey, fileIndex), fileLength);
+    const bytesPerSecond = fileLength / durationSeconds;
+    // Shared between the readers this file already has. The window is stated in
+    // seconds of playback and the store's memory is one budget for the whole
+    // torrent, so N readers asking for thirty seconds each ask for N times what
+    // was provided for — and on 2026-08-15 that is exactly what happened: a
+    // viewer with a picture and an audio track had every resident piece held at
+    // once, a read ended with zero bytes, and every encoder on the file took
+    // that for the end of it.
+    //
+    // Dividing keeps the promise the budget was written against. It is not the
+    // sliding window of roadmap item 8 — pieces still leave only by the store's
+    // own eviction — but it removes the multiplication that broke it.
+    const readers = Math.max(1, this.#readersOn(sourceKey, fileIndex));
+    const wanted = Math.round((bytesPerSecond * READ_WINDOW_SECONDS) / readers);
+    return Math.min(READ_WINDOW_MAX_BYTES, Math.max(READ_WINDOW_MIN_BYTES, wanted));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * How many live sessions read this file: the picture, any rung being warmed
+   * beside it, and any audio track published on its own.
+   *
+   * @param {string} sourceKey
+   * @param {number} fileIndex
+   * @returns {number}
+   */
+  #readersOn(sourceKey, fileIndex) {
+    let readers = 0;
+    for (const session of this.#host.outputs.values()) {
+      if (session?.file.sourceKey === sourceKey && session.file.fileIndex === fileIndex) {
+        readers += 1;
+      }
+    }
+    return readers;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * What the torrent itself costs this machine, per megabyte it moves.
+   *
+   * Downloading, verifying every piece and pushing segments down a data channel
+   * are work on the same box as the encoder, they scale with the file's own
+   * bitrate, and the budget counts none of it. Measured on the addon host with
+   * every encoder suspended, the machine was still 20-29 % busy.
+   *
+   * Taken only while NOTHING is encoding, because that is the only moment the
+   * spending can be attributed without arithmetic: what this process uses then
+   * is the torrent's.
+   */
+  async #learnTorrentCost() {
+    const now = {
+      takenAt: Date.now(),
+      cpuSeconds: this.#host.readProxyCpuSeconds(),
+      bytes: await this.#torrentBytesMoved()
+    };
+    const previous = this.#idleLoadSample;
+    this.#idleLoadSample = now;
+    if (previous === null || now.bytes === null || previous.bytes === null) {
+      return;
+    }
+    const elapsedSec = (now.takenAt - previous.takenAt) / 1000;
+    const megabytes = (now.bytes - previous.bytes) / 1e6;
+    // Divided by the cores, because `process.cpuUsage()` adds up every thread
+    // while everything this figure is later added to is measured in WALL
+    // seconds per second of video. Left undivided on the four-core addon host
+    // it overstated the torrent by four times, which on the field's own rung
+    // was the difference between offering it and refusing it.
+    const cores = Math.max(1, os.cpus().length);
+    const cpuSeconds = (now.cpuSeconds - previous.cpuSeconds) / cores;
+    if (megabytes === 0) {
+      // Nothing encoding and not one byte moved: whatever this process spent in
+      // that interval, it spends whether or not there is a torrent. Measuring
+      // it is what lets the next interval be attributed instead of divided
+      // whole — see `encode/torrent-cost.js` for the readings that forced this.
+      this.#learnBaseDraw(baseDrawFrom({ cpuSeconds, elapsedSeconds: elapsedSec }));
+      return;
+    }
+    const costPerMegabyte = costPerMegabyteFrom({
+      cpuSeconds,
+      elapsedSeconds: elapsedSec,
+      megabytes,
+      baseDraw: this.#observedBaseDraw,
+      // How much the draw's own readings disagree, which is how much of this
+      // interval's remainder means nothing.
+      drawScatter: scatterOf(this.#baseDrawReadings)
+    });
+    if (costPerMegabyte === null) {
+      return;
+    }
+    const readings = [...this.#torrentCostReadings, costPerMegabyte].slice(-READINGS_KEPT);
+    this.#torrentCostReadings = readings;
+    const median = medianOf(readings);
+    if (!movedBeyondScatter(this.observedTorrentCostPerMegabyte, median, readings)) {
+      return;
+    }
+    this.observedTorrentCostPerMegabyte = median;
+    logger.info(
+      `host-load: the torrent costs ${(median * 1000).toFixed(1)}ms of CPU per MB on this host ` +
+      `(median of ${readings.length}, latest ${(costPerMegabyte * 1000).toFixed(1)}ms over ${megabytes.toFixed(1)}MB, ` +
+      `base draw ${((this.#observedBaseDraw ?? 0) * 100).toFixed(1)}% of a core already taken off)`
+    );
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * What each watched file's torrent is moving right now.
+   *
+   * The torrent is priced per megabyte it moves, so the price has to be charged
+   * against the megabytes it IS moving. Charged against the file's own byte
+   * rate — what the viewer consumes — it asks for payment on a fully downloaded
+   * file that is moving nothing, and it under-charges a file being fetched
+   * ahead of the viewer, which is the state every session starts in.
+   *
+   * Rebuilt whole each tick from the live sessions, so an entry that is here
+   * was taken this tick and a source nobody is watching leaves by itself.
+   *
+   * @returns {Promise<void>}
+   */
+  async sampleDownloadRates() {
+    if (!this.#host.getSourceStats) {
+      return;
+    }
+    /** @type {Map<string, { sourceKey: string, fileIndex: number }>} */
+    const wanted = new Map();
+    for (const session of this.#host.outputs.values()) {
+      wanted.set(session.file.key, {
+        sourceKey: session.file.sourceKey,
+        fileIndex: session.file.fileIndex
+      });
+    }
+    /** @type {Map<string, number>} */
+    const measured = new Map();
+    for (const [key, source] of wanted) {
+      try {
+        const stats = await this.#host.getSourceStats(source.sourceKey, source.fileIndex);
+        // The TORRENT's rate, which is what it is: one swarm feeding one
+        // client, whichever of its files are being read. Kept per source and
+        // divided among the files being watched, so two episodes of one pack
+        // do not each charge the machine for the whole download.
+        const rate = Number(stats?.downloadSpeed);
+        if (Number.isFinite(rate) && rate >= 0) {
+          measured.set(source.sourceKey, rate);
+        }
+        // Kept, not rebuilt: the demand a swarm made on this file does not stop
+        // being true when a tick fails to fetch it, and it is what the FIRST
+        // offer of the next session will be judged against.
+        const demanded = Number(stats?.supply?.requiredSpeed);
+        if (Number.isFinite(demanded) && demanded > 0) {
+          this.#requiredSpeedByKey.set(key, demanded);
+        }
+        if (stats?.supply) {
+          this.#supplyByKey.set(key, stats.supply);
+        }
+      } catch {
+        // The pool is busy or gone. A reading missed is not a fault, and the
+        // key simply does not appear this tick.
+      }
+    }
+    this.#downloadRateByKey = measured;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * How many files of one torrent have a live session reading them.
+   *
+   * @param {string} sourceKey
+   * @returns {number} At least one, so the rate is never divided by nothing.
+   */
+  #filesWatchedOn(sourceKey) {
+    const files = new Set();
+    for (const session of this.#host.outputs.values()) {
+      if (session?.file.sourceKey === sourceKey) {
+        files.add(session.file.fileIndex);
+      }
+    }
+    return Math.max(1, files.size);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * The speed this file's supply demands, as last measured on this swarm.
+   *
+   * @param {string} sourceKey
+   * @param {number} fileIndex
+   * @returns {number | null}
+   */
+  requiredSpeedFor(sourceKey, fileIndex) {
+    return this.#requiredSpeedByKey.get(SourceFiles.keyFor(sourceKey, fileIndex)) ?? null;
+  }
+
+  /** Last complete supply reading for a source file. */
+  supplyFor(file) {
+    return this.#supplyByKey.get(SourceFiles.keyFor(file.sourceKey, file.fileIndex)) ?? null;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * How many megabytes a second the torrent is moving for this file — measured
+   * where a reading exists, and otherwise the rate the file has to be moved at
+   * to be watched at all (its length over its duration), which is what the
+   * measured rate averages to over a viewing.
+   *
+   * @param {string} sourceKey
+   * @param {number} fileIndex
+   * @param {number | null} fileLengthBytes
+   * @param {number | null} durationSeconds
+   * @returns {number | null}
+   */
+  torrentMegabytesPerSecond(sourceKey, fileIndex, fileLengthBytes, durationSeconds) {
+    const measured = this.#downloadRateByKey.get(sourceKey);
+    if (Number.isFinite(measured)) {
+      return measured / 1e6 / this.#filesWatchedOn(sourceKey);
+    }
+    // The FILE's rate, not the video stream's. What the torrent moves is the
+    // container: on the releases this serves, two or three AC-3 tracks add
+    // 10-25 % to what the picture alone would suggest.
+    const fileLength = Number(fileLengthBytes);
+    const duration = Number(durationSeconds);
+    if (Number.isFinite(fileLength) && fileLength > 0 && Number.isFinite(duration) && duration > 0) {
+      return fileLength / duration / 1e6;
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Record what this process draws when it is doing none of the work that gets
+   * priced.
+   *
+   * @param {number | null} share - Of one core, over the interval just read.
+   * @returns {void}
+   */
+  #learnBaseDraw(share) {
+    if (share === null) {
+      return;
+    }
+    const readings = [...this.#baseDrawReadings, share].slice(-READINGS_KEPT);
+    this.#baseDrawReadings = readings;
+    const median = medianOf(readings);
+    if (!movedBeyondScatter(this.#observedBaseDraw, median, readings)) {
+      return;
+    }
+    this.#observedBaseDraw = median;
+    logger.info(
+      `host-load: this process draws ${(median * 100).toFixed(1)}% of a core with nothing encoding and ` +
+      `nothing downloading (median of ${readings.length}, latest ${(share * 100).toFixed(1)}%)`
+    );
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Bytes this proxy's torrents have moved in total, or null when it cannot be
+   * asked.
+   *
+   * @returns {Promise<number | null>}
+   */
+  async #torrentBytesMoved() {
+    if (typeof this.#host.getTorrentTotals !== "function") {
+      return null;
+    }
+    try {
+      const totals = await this.#host.getTorrentTotals();
+      // Downloaded bytes only. Every one of them is verified against the piece
+      // hash and written to the store; a byte sent back to the swarm is neither,
+      // and adding the two would price both at whatever the mixture happened to
+      // be on the day.
+      const downloaded = Number(totals?.downloaded);
+      return Number.isFinite(downloaded) ? downloaded : null;
+    } catch {
+      return null; // the pool is busy or gone; a reading missed is not a fault
+    }
+  }
+
+  async reportHostLoad() {
+    const encoding = [...this.#host.outputs.values()].filter(
+      (session) => processCanBeSignalled(this.#host.runStateOf(session))
+    );
+    const runningNow = encoding.filter((session) => this.#host.runStateOf(session) !== ENCODE_RUN_STATE.SUSPENDED);
+    if (runningNow.length === 0) {
+      // No encoder is RUNNING. A suspended one costs nothing, and counting it
+      // as work meant this was never reached: measured 2026-08-15, four minutes
+      // in which every encoder was suspended, the torrent's price could have
+      // been taken, and none was. What this process spends now is the download,
+      // the verification, the piece store and the delivery. Item 7.
+      await this.#learnTorrentCost();
+      this.#hostLoadSample = null;
+      return;
+    }
+    this.#idleLoadSample = null;
+    // EVERY encoder, added up. One of them is meaningless on a host that runs a
+    // picture and an audio track at once, and picking the first would have
+    // reported whichever the map happened to hold.
+    // Kept per PROCESS, not as one total. The set changes between readings —
+    // a seek kills ffmpeg and starts another with a new pid whose counter
+    // begins at zero, a session ends, a rendition begins — and subtracting one
+    // total from another across a changed set produces nonsense: a restart
+    // alone would print something like `ffmpeg=-598%`. Only pids present in
+    // BOTH readings are counted, so a process that came or went contributes
+    // nothing rather than a lie.
+    const pids = encoding.flatMap((session) => this.#host.liveRunsOf(session).map((run) => run.process?.pid ?? null)).filter((pid) => pid !== null);
+    const [system, ...cpuReadings] = await Promise.all([
+      this.#host.readSystemCpu(),
+      ...pids.map((pid) => this.#host.readProcessCpuSeconds(pid))
+    ]);
+    /** @type {Map<number, number>} */
+    const byPid = new Map();
+    pids.forEach((pid, index) => {
+      const seconds = cpuReadings[index];
+      if (seconds !== null) {
+        byPid.set(pid, seconds);
+      }
+    });
+    const sample = {
+      takenAt: Date.now(),
+      byPid,
+      system,
+      // The proxy's own CPU, across every thread: the torrent, the hashing, the
+      // piece store and the delivery. None of it is in the encode budget, and
+      // on the addon host it is most of what the machine does while encoders
+      // are suspended.
+      proxyCpuSeconds: this.#host.readProxyCpuSeconds()
+    };
+    const previous = this.#hostLoadSample;
+    this.#hostLoadSample = sample;
+    if (previous === null) {
+      return; // the first reading is only something to compare against
+    }
+    // Summed over the pids both readings hold, so nothing is measured against a
+    // process that was not there before. Unknown stays unknown: on a host with
+    // no `/proc` there are no readings at all, and the share is null rather
+    // than a confident zero.
+    let encoderDelta = null;
+    for (const [pid, seconds] of sample.byPid) {
+      const before = previous.byPid?.get(pid);
+      if (before !== undefined && seconds >= before) {
+        encoderDelta = (encoderDelta ?? 0) + (seconds - before);
+      }
+    }
+    const share = this.#host.shareOfMachine(
+      { takenAt: previous.takenAt, processCpuSeconds: encoderDelta === null ? null : 0, system: previous.system },
+      { takenAt: sample.takenAt, processCpuSeconds: encoderDelta, system: sample.system }
+    );
+    if (share === null) {
+      return;
+    }
+    // How many of them are stopped by the look-ahead cap. Without this a zero
+    // share reads as an encoder being starved of the machine, when it is an
+    // encoder deliberately not running — which is what the first readings on
+    // the addon host actually were (2026-08-15: `ffmpeg=0% system=24%`, both
+    // encoders suspended, and the speed beside it a stale figure from before
+    // they stopped).
+    const suspended = encoding.filter((session) => this.#host.runStateOf(session) === ENCODE_RUN_STATE.SUSPENDED).length;
+    const running = encoding.length - suspended;
+    const machine = await this.#host.readMachineState();
+    const asPercent = (value) => (value === null ? "n/a" : `${Math.round(value * 100)}%`);
+    const cores = Math.max(1, os.cpus().length);
+    const proxyShare = Number.isFinite(previous.proxyCpuSeconds)
+      ? (sample.proxyCpuSeconds - previous.proxyCpuSeconds) / (share.elapsedSec * cores)
+      : null;
+    // Kept for the quality offer, which predicts from a benchmark taken on a
+    // QUIET host: the same reading that is printed here says how much of the
+    // machine a new encoder could actually have. Only what nobody has been
+    // charged for is subtracted — see `encode/available-share.js`.
+    this.hostAvailability = availableShareFrom({
+      systemBusy: share.systemShare,
+      encoderShare: share.processShare,
+      proxyShare
+    });
+    logger.info(
+      `host-load: ffmpeg=${asPercent(share.processShare)} proxy=${asPercent(proxyShare)} ` +
+      `system=${asPercent(share.systemShare)} ` +
+      `iowait=${asPercent(share.iowaitShare)} cpu=${machine.megahertz === null ? "n/a" : `${machine.megahertz}MHz`} ` +
+      `temp=${machine.celsius === null ? "n/a" : `${machine.celsius}C`} ` +
+      `encoders=${running} running` + (suspended > 0 ? ` +${suspended} suspended` : "") +
+      ` over=${share.elapsedSec.toFixed(1)}s` +
+      // What the offer will multiply a prediction by, in the same line as the
+      // readings it comes from.
+      ` available=${asPercent(this.hostAvailability.share)}`
+    );
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * What this file costs the machine merely by being fetched and delivered
+   * while it is watched, in seconds of work per second of video.
+   *
+   * A viewer consumes the file at its own byte rate, and every one of those
+   * bytes is downloaded, verified and pushed by this process. Priced per
+   * megabyte from readings taken while nothing was encoding, so the two
+   * measurements do not contain each other. Zero while either term is unmeasured
+   * — a guess here would refuse rungs on arithmetic nobody performed.
+   *
+   * @param {HlsSession} session
+   * @returns {number}
+   */
+  torrentCostSecFor(session) {
+    const perMegabyte = this.observedTorrentCostPerMegabyte;
+    const megabytesPerSecond = this.torrentMegabytesPerSecond(
+      session.file.sourceKey,
+      session.file.fileIndex,
+      this.fileLengthByKey.get(session.file.key) ?? null,
+      session.file.durationSeconds
+    );
+    return perMegabyte !== null && megabytesPerSecond !== null
+      ? perMegabyte * megabytesPerSecond
+      : 0;
+  }
+}