@syllst/ka 0.3.7 → 0.3.11

package/dist/lesson-03-DORvGZm9.js

@@ -1,186 +0,0 @@
-const n = `---
-type: lesson
-id: georgian-alphabet-lesson-03
-title: "გაკვეთილი 3 — Final Vowel & Liquids"
-description: "Complete the 5 vowels with უ and add the consonants ვ and რ — Unlock Georgian reading fluency"
-order: 3
-parentId: georgian-alphabet
-difficulty: beginner
-cefrLevel: A1
-categories:
-  - vowels
-  - consonants
-  - fricatives
-  - liquids
-metadata:
-  estimatedTime: 20
-  prerequisites:
-    - georgian-alphabet-lesson-02
-  learningObjectives:
-    - id: obj-complete-vowels
-      description: "Recognize all 5 Georgian vowels including უ"
-      skill: character-recognition
-      references: [uni]
-    - id: obj-recognize-vr
-      description: "Recognize the consonants ვ and რ"
-      skill: character-recognition
-      references: [vini, rae]
-    - id: obj-sounds-3
-      description: "Map each new character to its sound and understand the complete vowel system"
-      skill: character-sound-mapping
-      references: [uni, vini, rae]
----
-
-# გაკვეთილი 3 (Lesson 3) — Final Vowel & Liquids
-
-## Introduction
-
-This lesson completes the Georgian vowel system by introducing **უ** (Uni), the fifth and final vowel. You will also learn two important consonants: **ვ** (Vini), a voiced fricative, and **რ** (Rae), a liquid/trill. With 11 characters in your toolkit, Georgian text will start to feel increasingly readable.
-
-## Characters
-
-:::character-set{id="georgian-vowel-liquids-3" title="Final Vowel & Liquids"}
-
-::character{id="uni" canonicalRef="uni" char="უ" name="უ უნი (Uni)" charType="vowel" data:transliteration="u" data:ipa="u"}
-
-::character{id="vini" canonicalRef="vini" char="ვ" name="ვ ვინი (Vini)" charType="consonant" data:phoneticCategory="fricative" data:voicing="voiced" data:transliteration="v" data:ipa="v"}
-
-::character{id="rae" canonicalRef="rae" char="რ" name="რ რაე (Rae)" charType="consonant" data:phoneticCategory="liquid" data:voicing="voiced" data:transliteration="r" data:ipa="r"}
-
-:::
-
-## The Complete Georgian Vowel System
-
-With უ, you now know all 5 Georgian vowels. This is a compact, symmetric system:
-
-| Letter | Name | IPA | Like English... | Mouth Position |
-|--------|------|-----|-----------------|----------------|
-| ა | ანი | /ɑ/ | "a" in "father" | Open, central |
-| ე | ენი | /ɛ/ | "e" in "bed" | Mid, front |
-| ი | ინი | /i/ | "ee" in "see" | High, front |
-| ო | ონი | /ɔ/ | "o" in "or" | Mid, back, rounded |
-| უ | უნი | /u/ | "oo" in "moon" | High, back, rounded |
-
-This 5-vowel system is considered a "universal" pattern -- it maximally distinguishes vowels across the mouth space. Georgian vowels do not reduce in unstressed positions (unlike English, where unstressed vowels often become "uh"). Every vowel is always fully pronounced.
-
-## New Consonants
-
-| Letter | Name | IPA | Type | Like English... |
-|--------|------|-----|------|-----------------|
-| ვ | ვინი (Vini) | /v/ | fricative, voiced | "v" in "vine" |
-| რ | რაე (Rae) | /r/ | liquid (trill), voiced | "r" in "roll" (trilled) |
-
-### The Georgian რ
-
-The Georgian **რ** is a **trilled** or **flapped** R, similar to the Spanish or Italian R. It is produced by vibrating the tip of the tongue against the alveolar ridge (the bony area behind your upper teeth). This is quite different from the English R, which is produced further back in the mouth with no contact.
-
-If you cannot trill yet, start with a single flap (like the "tt" in American English "butter") and gradually build up to a full trill.
-
-### The Fricative Pair
-
-You now know two fricatives:
-
-- **ს** /s/ -- voiceless (from Lesson 2)
-- **ვ** /v/ -- voiced (this lesson)
-
-Place your fingers on your throat: you will feel vibration with ვ but not with ს. This voiced/voiceless distinction is fundamental to Georgian consonant organization.
-
-## Expanding Your Vocabulary
-
-With 11 characters (ა, ე, ი, ო, უ, ვ, ლ, მ, ნ, რ, ს), you can read many more words:
-
-| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
-|------|--------------|---------|
-| ვარი | va-ri | a type of cooking |
-| რუმი | ru-mi | Rumi (name) |
-| ვინო | vi-no | wine |
-| ნარი | na-ri | a type of fir tree |
-| სურვილი | sur-vi-li | wish, desire |
-| ვარსელი | var-se-li | a type of herb |
-| მარილი | ma-ri-li | salt |
-
-The word **ვინო** (vino, "wine") reflects Georgia's ancient winemaking tradition. Georgia is widely considered the birthplace of wine, with archaeological evidence of winemaking dating back 8,000 years.
-
-## Consonant Inventory So Far
-
-You now know 6 consonants covering different manner categories:
-
-| Category | Consonants |
-|----------|-----------|
-| Nasal | მ /m/, ნ /n/ |
-| Liquid | ლ /l/, რ /r/ |
-| Fricative | ს /s/ (voiceless), ვ /v/ (voiced) |
-
-In the next two lessons, you will encounter Georgian's most distinctive consonant feature: the **three-way distinction** among stop consonants (aspirated, ejective, and voiced). This system is rare among the world's languages and gives Georgian its unique phonetic character.
-
-## Key Points
-
-1. **All 5 vowels complete**: ა, ე, ი, ო, უ -- a clean, symmetric system
-2. **Pure vowels**: No reduction -- every vowel is always fully pronounced
-3. **Trilled რ**: Similar to Spanish or Italian R, not English R
-4. **Fricative contrast**: ვ (voiced) vs. ს (voiceless)
-5. **11 characters learned**: Enough to read many common Georgian words
-
-## Practice Exercises
-
-:::exercise{id="ka-03-recognition" type="matching" title="Identify New Characters" skill="character-recognition" tests="uni,vini,rae" objectiveId="obj-complete-vowels"}
-
-**Question:** Match each Georgian character to its name
-
-- უ
-- ვ
-- რ
-
-**Answer:**
-
-- უ = Uni (the vowel "u")
-- ვ = Vini (the consonant "v")
-- რ = Rae (the consonant "r")
-
-**Explanation:** With უ, you now know all 5 Georgian vowels. The consonants ვ (fricative) and რ (liquid/trill) expand your ability to read Georgian words significantly.
-
-:::
-
-:::exercise{id="ka-03-vowel-system" type="multiple-choice" title="Complete Vowel System" skill="character-sound-mapping" tests="uni" objectiveId="obj-sounds-3"}
-
-**Question:** Which of the following correctly lists all 5 Georgian vowels with their sounds?
-
-**Options:**
-
-- ა /ɑ/, ე /ɛ/, ი /i/, ო /ɔ/, უ /u/
-- ა /ɑ/, ე /ɛ/, ი /i/, ო /ɔ/, ვ /v/
-- ა /ɑ/, ე /e/, ი /i/, ო /o/, უ /ju/
-- ა /a/, ე /ɛ/, ი /i/, უ /u/, რ /r/
-
-**Answer:** 1
-
-**Explanation:** Georgian has exactly 5 vowels: ა /ɑ/, ე /ɛ/, ი /i/, ო /ɔ/, უ /u/. The consonants ვ and რ are not vowels. Georgian vowels are pure and do not glide, so უ is /u/ (not /ju/ as in English "you").
-
-:::
-
-:::exercise{id="ka-03-word-reading" type="fill-in-blank" title="Read Georgian Words" skill="word-recognition" tests="uni,vini,rae" objectiveId="obj-recognize-vr"}
-
-**Question:** Read the following Georgian words and give their pronunciation
-
-- ვინო = ___
-- სურვილი = ___
-- მარილი = ___
-
-**Answer:**
-
-- ვინო = "vino" (wine)
-- სურვილი = "survili" (wish)
-- მარილი = "marili" (salt)
-
-**Explanation:** Sound out each letter from left to right. Remember that რ is trilled (like Spanish R) and უ is a pure "oo" sound. These words use characters from all three lessons so far.
-
-:::
-
-## What's Next
-
-In Lesson 4, you will begin exploring Georgian's famous **stop consonant system** by learning the **aspirated stops**: თ, ქ, and ფ. These are voiceless stops pronounced with a puff of air, similar to English "t", "k", and "p" at the start of stressed syllables.
-`;
-export {
-  n as default
-};
-//# sourceMappingURL=lesson-03-DORvGZm9.js.map

package/dist/lesson-03-DORvGZm9.js.map

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"lesson-03-DORvGZm9.js","sources":["../src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-03.mdx?raw"],"sourcesContent":["export default \"---\\ntype: lesson\\nid: georgian-alphabet-lesson-03\\ntitle: \\\"გაკვეთილი 3 — Final Vowel & Liquids\\\"\\ndescription: \\\"Complete the 5 vowels with უ and add the consonants ვ and რ — Unlock Georgian reading fluency\\\"\\norder: 3\\nparentId: georgian-alphabet\\ndifficulty: beginner\\ncefrLevel: A1\\ncategories:\\n  - vowels\\n  - consonants\\n  - fricatives\\n  - liquids\\nmetadata:\\n  estimatedTime: 20\\n  prerequisites:\\n    - georgian-alphabet-lesson-02\\n  learningObjectives:\\n    - id: obj-complete-vowels\\n      description: \\\"Recognize all 5 Georgian vowels including უ\\\"\\n      skill: character-recognition\\n      references: [uni]\\n    - id: obj-recognize-vr\\n      description: \\\"Recognize the consonants ვ and რ\\\"\\n      skill: character-recognition\\n      references: [vini, rae]\\n    - id: obj-sounds-3\\n      description: \\\"Map each new character to its sound and understand the complete vowel system\\\"\\n      skill: character-sound-mapping\\n      references: [uni, vini, rae]\\n---\\n\\n# გაკვეთილი 3 (Lesson 3) — Final Vowel & Liquids\\n\\n## Introduction\\n\\nThis lesson completes the Georgian vowel system by introducing **უ** (Uni), the fifth and final vowel. You will also learn two important consonants: **ვ** (Vini), a voiced fricative, and **რ** (Rae), a liquid/trill. With 11 characters in your toolkit, Georgian text will start to feel increasingly readable.\\n\\n## Characters\\n\\n:::character-set{id=\\\"georgian-vowel-liquids-3\\\" title=\\\"Final Vowel & Liquids\\\"}\\n\\n::character{id=\\\"uni\\\" canonicalRef=\\\"uni\\\" char=\\\"უ\\\" name=\\\"უ უნი (Uni)\\\" charType=\\\"vowel\\\" data:transliteration=\\\"u\\\" data:ipa=\\\"u\\\"}\\n\\n::character{id=\\\"vini\\\" canonicalRef=\\\"vini\\\" char=\\\"ვ\\\" name=\\\"ვ ვინი (Vini)\\\" charType=\\\"consonant\\\" data:phoneticCategory=\\\"fricative\\\" data:voicing=\\\"voiced\\\" data:transliteration=\\\"v\\\" data:ipa=\\\"v\\\"}\\n\\n::character{id=\\\"rae\\\" canonicalRef=\\\"rae\\\" char=\\\"რ\\\" name=\\\"რ რაე (Rae)\\\" charType=\\\"consonant\\\" data:phoneticCategory=\\\"liquid\\\" data:voicing=\\\"voiced\\\" data:transliteration=\\\"r\\\" data:ipa=\\\"r\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## The Complete Georgian Vowel System\\n\\nWith უ, you now know all 5 Georgian vowels. This is a compact, symmetric system:\\n\\n| Letter | Name | IPA | Like English... | Mouth Position |\\n|--------|------|-----|-----------------|----------------|\\n| ა | ანი | /ɑ/ | \\\"a\\\" in \\\"father\\\" | Open, central |\\n| ე | ენი | /ɛ/ | \\\"e\\\" in \\\"bed\\\" | Mid, front |\\n| ი | ინი | /i/ | \\\"ee\\\" in \\\"see\\\" | High, front |\\n| ო | ონი | /ɔ/ | \\\"o\\\" in \\\"or\\\" | Mid, back, rounded |\\n| უ | უნი | /u/ | \\\"oo\\\" in \\\"moon\\\" | High, back, rounded |\\n\\nThis 5-vowel system is considered a \\\"universal\\\" pattern -- it maximally distinguishes vowels across the mouth space. Georgian vowels do not reduce in unstressed positions (unlike English, where unstressed vowels often become \\\"uh\\\"). Every vowel is always fully pronounced.\\n\\n## New Consonants\\n\\n| Letter | Name | IPA | Type | Like English... |\\n|--------|------|-----|------|-----------------|\\n| ვ | ვინი (Vini) | /v/ | fricative, voiced | \\\"v\\\" in \\\"vine\\\" |\\n| რ | რაე (Rae) | /r/ | liquid (trill), voiced | \\\"r\\\" in \\\"roll\\\" (trilled) |\\n\\n### The Georgian რ\\n\\nThe Georgian **რ** is a **trilled** or **flapped** R, similar to the Spanish or Italian R. It is produced by vibrating the tip of the tongue against the alveolar ridge (the bony area behind your upper teeth). This is quite different from the English R, which is produced further back in the mouth with no contact.\\n\\nIf you cannot trill yet, start with a single flap (like the \\\"tt\\\" in American English \\\"butter\\\") and gradually build up to a full trill.\\n\\n### The Fricative Pair\\n\\nYou now know two fricatives:\\n\\n- **ს** /s/ -- voiceless (from Lesson 2)\\n- **ვ** /v/ -- voiced (this lesson)\\n\\nPlace your fingers on your throat: you will feel vibration with ვ but not with ს. This voiced/voiceless distinction is fundamental to Georgian consonant organization.\\n\\n## Expanding Your Vocabulary\\n\\nWith 11 characters (ა, ე, ი, ო, უ, ვ, ლ, მ, ნ, რ, ს), you can read many more words:\\n\\n| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |\\n|------|--------------|---------|\\n| ვარი | va-ri | a type of cooking |\\n| რუმი | ru-mi | Rumi (name) |\\n| ვინო | vi-no | wine |\\n| ნარი | na-ri | a type of fir tree |\\n| სურვილი | sur-vi-li | wish, desire |\\n| ვარსელი | var-se-li | a type of herb |\\n| მარილი | ma-ri-li | salt |\\n\\nThe word **ვინო** (vino, \\\"wine\\\") reflects Georgia's ancient winemaking tradition. Georgia is widely considered the birthplace of wine, with archaeological evidence of winemaking dating back 8,000 years.\\n\\n## Consonant Inventory So Far\\n\\nYou now know 6 consonants covering different manner categories:\\n\\n| Category | Consonants |\\n|----------|-----------|\\n| Nasal | მ /m/, ნ /n/ |\\n| Liquid | ლ /l/, რ /r/ |\\n| Fricative | ს /s/ (voiceless), ვ /v/ (voiced) |\\n\\nIn the next two lessons, you will encounter Georgian's most distinctive consonant feature: the **three-way distinction** among stop consonants (aspirated, ejective, and voiced). This system is rare among the world's languages and gives Georgian its unique phonetic character.\\n\\n## Key Points\\n\\n1. **All 5 vowels complete**: ა, ე, ი, ო, უ -- a clean, symmetric system\\n2. **Pure vowels**: No reduction -- every vowel is always fully pronounced\\n3. **Trilled რ**: Similar to Spanish or Italian R, not English R\\n4. **Fricative contrast**: ვ (voiced) vs. ს (voiceless)\\n5. **11 characters learned**: Enough to read many common Georgian words\\n\\n## Practice Exercises\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-03-recognition\\\" type=\\\"matching\\\" title=\\\"Identify New Characters\\\" skill=\\\"character-recognition\\\" tests=\\\"uni,vini,rae\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-complete-vowels\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Match each Georgian character to its name\\n\\n- უ\\n- ვ\\n- რ\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n- უ = Uni (the vowel \\\"u\\\")\\n- ვ = Vini (the consonant \\\"v\\\")\\n- რ = Rae (the consonant \\\"r\\\")\\n\\n**Explanation:** With უ, you now know all 5 Georgian vowels. The consonants ვ (fricative) and რ (liquid/trill) expand your ability to read Georgian words significantly.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-03-vowel-system\\\" type=\\\"multiple-choice\\\" title=\\\"Complete Vowel System\\\" skill=\\\"character-sound-mapping\\\" tests=\\\"uni\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-sounds-3\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Which of the following correctly lists all 5 Georgian vowels with their sounds?\\n\\n**Options:**\\n\\n- ა /ɑ/, ე /ɛ/, ი /i/, ო /ɔ/, უ /u/\\n- ა /ɑ/, ე /ɛ/, ი /i/, ო /ɔ/, ვ /v/\\n- ა /ɑ/, ე /e/, ი /i/, ო /o/, უ /ju/\\n- ა /a/, ე /ɛ/, ი /i/, უ /u/, რ /r/\\n\\n**Answer:** 1\\n\\n**Explanation:** Georgian has exactly 5 vowels: ა /ɑ/, ე /ɛ/, ი /i/, ო /ɔ/, უ /u/. The consonants ვ and რ are not vowels. 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package/dist/lesson-03-i2GGdsRN.js

@@ -1,181 +0,0 @@
-const n = `---
-type: lesson
-id: georgian-reading-lesson-03
-title: "გაკვეთილი 3 — მოკლე ფრაზები (Short Phrases)"
-description: "Reading complete simple phrases and sentences in Georgian"
-order: 3
-parentId: georgian-reading
-difficulty: intermediate
-cefrLevel: A2
-categories:
-  - reading
-  - phrases
-  - sentences
-metadata:
-  estimatedTime: 35
-  prerequisites:
-    - georgian-reading-lesson-02
-  learningObjectives:
-    - id: obj-read-03-read-phrases
-      description: "Read and decode simple Georgian phrases accurately"
-      skill: text-decoding
-    - id: obj-read-03-phrase-comprehension
-      description: "Understand the meaning of common Georgian phrases"
-      skill: reading-comprehension
-    - id: obj-read-03-phrase-pronunciation
-      description: "Pronounce multi-word Georgian phrases with correct syllable boundaries"
-      skill: word-pronunciation
----
-
-# გაკვეთილი 3 (Lesson 3) — Short Phrases
-
-## Introduction
-
-Moving from individual words to phrases requires reading across word boundaries. In Georgian, words are separated by spaces, just as in English. The key skill at this stage is reading complete phrases smoothly — maintaining the meaning of the whole phrase rather than decoding each word in isolation.
-
-## Common Everyday Phrases
-
-:::vocabulary-set{id="ka-read-03-phrases" title="Everyday Phrases"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="dilamaghmertma" word="დილა მშვიდობისა" pronunciation="di-la mshvi-do-bi-sa" meaning="Good morning (peace of the morning)"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="rogorkhar" word="როგორ ხარ?" pronunciation="ro-gor khar" meaning="How are you?"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="kargadvar" word="კარგად ვარ" pronunciation="kar-gad var" meaning="I am fine / I am well"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="sad-khar" word="სად ხარ?" pronunciation="sad khar" meaning="Where are you?"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="aq-var" word="აქ ვარ" pronunciation="aq var" meaning="I am here"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="minda-chava" word="მინდა წავიდე" pronunciation="min-da tsa-vi-de" meaning="I want to go"}
-
-:::
-
-## Reading Phrases with the Verb "to be"
-
-The verb "to be" in Georgian is conjugated as follows:
-
-| Georgian | Pronunciation | Meaning |
-|----------|---------------|---------|
-| მე ვარ | me var | I am |
-| შენ ხარ | shen khar | you are |
-| ის არის | is a-ris | he/she/it is |
-| ჩვენ ვართ | chven vart | we are |
-| თქვენ ხართ | tkven khart | you (plural) are |
-| ისინი არიან | i-si-ni a-ri-an | they are |
-
-## Reading Practice: Simple Sentences
-
-Read each sentence aloud, then check the meaning:
-
-**მე ქართველი ვარ.**
-(me qart-ve-li var.)
-*I am Georgian.*
-
-**ის ინგლისელია.**
-(is in-gli-se-li-a.)
-*He/She is English.*
-
-**ჩვენ სტუმრები ვართ.**
-(chven stum-re-bi vart.)
-*We are guests.*
-
-**სად ხარ? — აქ ვარ.**
-(sad khar? — aq var.)
-*Where are you? — I am here.*
-
-**დღეს კარგი ამინდია.**
-(dghes kar-gi a-min-di-a.)
-*Today the weather is good.*
-
-:::vocabulary-set{id="ka-read-03-sentences" title="Sentence Vocabulary"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="qartvel" word="ქართველი" pronunciation="qart-ve-li" meaning="Georgian (person)"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="ingliseli" word="ინგლისელი" pronunciation="in-gli-se-li" meaning="English (person)"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="stumrebi" word="სტუმრები" pronunciation="stum-re-bi" meaning="guests (plural)"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="amindi" word="ამინდი" pronunciation="a-min-di" meaning="weather"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="dghes-phrase" word="დღეს" pronunciation="dghes" meaning="today"}
-
-:::
-
-## Reading Tip: Phrase Chunking
-
-When reading Georgian phrases, group words into meaningful chunks:
-
-**ჩვენ | სტუმრები | ვართ**
-We | guests | are
-
-Reading in chunks helps you process meaning rather than letter-by-letter decoding. With practice, you will start to see whole Georgian words as units.
-
-## Cultural Note: Georgian Politeness in Writing
-
-Written Georgian in signs, menus, and formal contexts often uses the plural/formal forms even when addressing one person. This mirrors spoken politeness conventions. You will see **გამარჯობათ** (formal hello) and **გმადლობთ** (thank you, formal) more often in written contexts than the informal equivalents.
-
-## Practice Exercises
-
-:::exercise{id="ka-read-03-phrase-decode" type="fill-in-blank" title="Read and Translate" skill="text-decoding" objectiveId="obj-read-03-read-phrases"}
-
-**Question:** Write the English meaning for each Georgian phrase
-
-1. მე ვარ: I ___
-2. დილა მშვიდობისა: Good ___
-3. კარგად ვარ: I am ___
-4. სად ხარ?: ___ are you?
-
-**Answer:**
-
-1. am
-2. morning
-3. fine / well
-4. where
-
-**Explanation:** These high-frequency phrases follow predictable patterns. მე ვარ (I am) is the most fundamental phrase in Georgian. კარგად (well/good) + ვარ (am) = I am well/fine.
-
-:::
-
-:::exercise{id="ka-read-03-comprehension" type="multiple-choice" title="Understand the Sentence" skill="reading-comprehension" objectiveId="obj-read-03-phrase-comprehension"}
-
-**Question:** What does the sentence დღეს კარგი ამინდია mean?
-
-**Options:**
-- Today I am feeling good
-- The hotel is open today
-- Today the weather is good
-- I want to go today
-
-**Answer:** 3
-
-**Explanation:** დღეს = today, კარგი = good, ამინდი = weather, -ია = is (copula suffix). Together: "Today the weather is good." This is a very common phrase in casual Georgian conversation.
-
-:::
-
-:::exercise{id="ka-read-03-pronunciation-practice" type="fill-in-blank" title="Syllable Boundaries" skill="word-pronunciation" objectiveId="obj-read-03-phrase-pronunciation"}
-
-**Question:** Break the following phrases into syllables with hyphens
-
-1. ქართველი = ___
-2. ინგლისელი = ___
-3. სტუმრები = ___
-
-**Answer:**
-
-1. ქართ-ვე-ლი
-2. ინ-გლი-სე-ლი
-3. სტუმ-რე-ბი
-
-**Explanation:** Georgian syllables typically follow the pattern consonant(s)-vowel(-consonant). ქართ has the vowel ა in the middle: ქ-ა-რ-თ. ინ-გლი-სე-ლი has four syllables. სტუმ-რე-ბი has three syllables with the complex consonant cluster სტ at the start.
-
-:::
-
-## What's Next
-
-In Lesson 4, you will practice reading a Georgian restaurant menu — food vocabulary in its natural written context.
-`;
-export {
-  n as default
-};
-//# sourceMappingURL=lesson-03-i2GGdsRN.js.map

package/dist/lesson-03-i2GGdsRN.js.map

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"lesson-03-i2GGdsRN.js","sources":["../src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-03.mdx?raw"],"sourcesContent":["export default \"---\\ntype: lesson\\nid: georgian-reading-lesson-03\\ntitle: \\\"გაკვეთილი 3 — მოკლე ფრაზები (Short Phrases)\\\"\\ndescription: \\\"Reading complete simple phrases and sentences in Georgian\\\"\\norder: 3\\nparentId: georgian-reading\\ndifficulty: intermediate\\ncefrLevel: A2\\ncategories:\\n  - reading\\n  - phrases\\n  - sentences\\nmetadata:\\n  estimatedTime: 35\\n  prerequisites:\\n    - georgian-reading-lesson-02\\n  learningObjectives:\\n    - id: obj-read-03-read-phrases\\n      description: \\\"Read and decode simple Georgian phrases accurately\\\"\\n      skill: text-decoding\\n    - id: obj-read-03-phrase-comprehension\\n      description: \\\"Understand the meaning of common Georgian phrases\\\"\\n      skill: reading-comprehension\\n    - id: obj-read-03-phrase-pronunciation\\n      description: \\\"Pronounce multi-word Georgian phrases with correct syllable boundaries\\\"\\n      skill: word-pronunciation\\n---\\n\\n# გაკვეთილი 3 (Lesson 3) — Short Phrases\\n\\n## Introduction\\n\\nMoving from individual words to phrases requires reading across word boundaries. In Georgian, words are separated by spaces, just as in English. The key skill at this stage is reading complete phrases smoothly — maintaining the meaning of the whole phrase rather than decoding each word in isolation.\\n\\n## Common Everyday Phrases\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"ka-read-03-phrases\\\" title=\\\"Everyday Phrases\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"dilamaghmertma\\\" word=\\\"დილა მშვიდობისა\\\" pronunciation=\\\"di-la mshvi-do-bi-sa\\\" meaning=\\\"Good morning (peace of the morning)\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"rogorkhar\\\" word=\\\"როგორ ხარ?\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ro-gor khar\\\" meaning=\\\"How are you?\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"kargadvar\\\" word=\\\"კარგად ვარ\\\" pronunciation=\\\"kar-gad var\\\" meaning=\\\"I am fine / I am well\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"sad-khar\\\" word=\\\"სად ხარ?\\\" pronunciation=\\\"sad khar\\\" meaning=\\\"Where are you?\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"aq-var\\\" word=\\\"აქ ვარ\\\" pronunciation=\\\"aq var\\\" meaning=\\\"I am here\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"minda-chava\\\" word=\\\"მინდა წავიდე\\\" pronunciation=\\\"min-da tsa-vi-de\\\" meaning=\\\"I want to go\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## Reading Phrases with the Verb \\\"to be\\\"\\n\\nThe verb \\\"to be\\\" in Georgian is conjugated as follows:\\n\\n| Georgian | Pronunciation | Meaning |\\n|----------|---------------|---------|\\n| მე ვარ | me var | I am |\\n| შენ ხარ | shen khar | you are |\\n| ის არის | is a-ris | he/she/it is |\\n| ჩვენ ვართ | chven vart | we are |\\n| თქვენ ხართ | tkven khart | you (plural) are |\\n| ისინი არიან | i-si-ni a-ri-an | they are |\\n\\n## Reading Practice: Simple Sentences\\n\\nRead each sentence aloud, then check the meaning:\\n\\n**მე ქართველი ვარ.**\\n(me qart-ve-li var.)\\n*I am Georgian.*\\n\\n**ის ინგლისელია.**\\n(is in-gli-se-li-a.)\\n*He/She is English.*\\n\\n**ჩვენ სტუმრები ვართ.**\\n(chven stum-re-bi vart.)\\n*We are guests.*\\n\\n**სად ხარ? — აქ ვარ.**\\n(sad khar? — aq var.)\\n*Where are you? — I am here.*\\n\\n**დღეს კარგი ამინდია.**\\n(dghes kar-gi a-min-di-a.)\\n*Today the weather is good.*\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"ka-read-03-sentences\\\" title=\\\"Sentence Vocabulary\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"qartvel\\\" word=\\\"ქართველი\\\" pronunciation=\\\"qart-ve-li\\\" meaning=\\\"Georgian (person)\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"ingliseli\\\" word=\\\"ინგლისელი\\\" pronunciation=\\\"in-gli-se-li\\\" meaning=\\\"English (person)\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"stumrebi\\\" word=\\\"სტუმრები\\\" pronunciation=\\\"stum-re-bi\\\" meaning=\\\"guests (plural)\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"amindi\\\" word=\\\"ამინდი\\\" pronunciation=\\\"a-min-di\\\" meaning=\\\"weather\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"dghes-phrase\\\" word=\\\"დღეს\\\" pronunciation=\\\"dghes\\\" meaning=\\\"today\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## Reading Tip: Phrase Chunking\\n\\nWhen reading Georgian phrases, group words into meaningful chunks:\\n\\n**ჩვენ | სტუმრები | ვართ**\\nWe | guests | are\\n\\nReading in chunks helps you process meaning rather than letter-by-letter decoding. With practice, you will start to see whole Georgian words as units.\\n\\n## Cultural Note: Georgian Politeness in Writing\\n\\nWritten Georgian in signs, menus, and formal contexts often uses the plural/formal forms even when addressing one person. This mirrors spoken politeness conventions. You will see **გამარჯობათ** (formal hello) and **გმადლობთ** (thank you, formal) more often in written contexts than the informal equivalents.\\n\\n## Practice Exercises\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-read-03-phrase-decode\\\" type=\\\"fill-in-blank\\\" title=\\\"Read and Translate\\\" skill=\\\"text-decoding\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-read-03-read-phrases\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Write the English meaning for each Georgian phrase\\n\\n1. მე ვარ: I ___\\n2. დილა მშვიდობისა: Good ___\\n3. კარგად ვარ: I am ___\\n4. სად ხარ?: ___ are you?\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n1. am\\n2. morning\\n3. fine / well\\n4. where\\n\\n**Explanation:** These high-frequency phrases follow predictable patterns. მე ვარ (I am) is the most fundamental phrase in Georgian. კარგად (well/good) + ვარ (am) = I am well/fine.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-read-03-comprehension\\\" type=\\\"multiple-choice\\\" title=\\\"Understand the Sentence\\\" skill=\\\"reading-comprehension\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-read-03-phrase-comprehension\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** What does the sentence დღეს კარგი ამინდია mean?\\n\\n**Options:**\\n- Today I am feeling good\\n- The hotel is open today\\n- Today the weather is good\\n- I want to go today\\n\\n**Answer:** 3\\n\\n**Explanation:** დღეს = today, კარგი = good, ამინდი = weather, -ია = is (copula suffix). Together: \\\"Today the weather is good.\\\" This is a very common phrase in casual Georgian conversation.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-read-03-pronunciation-practice\\\" type=\\\"fill-in-blank\\\" title=\\\"Syllable Boundaries\\\" skill=\\\"word-pronunciation\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-read-03-phrase-pronunciation\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Break the following phrases into syllables with hyphens\\n\\n1. ქართველი = ___\\n2. ინგლისელი = ___\\n3. სტუმრები = ___\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n1. ქართ-ვე-ლი\\n2. ინ-გლი-სე-ლი\\n3. სტუმ-რე-ბი\\n\\n**Explanation:** Georgian syllables typically follow the pattern consonant(s)-vowel(-consonant). ქართ has the vowel ა in the middle: ქ-ა-რ-თ. ინ-გლი-სე-ლი has four syllables. სტუმ-რე-ბი has three syllables with the complex consonant cluster სტ at the start.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## What's Next\\n\\nIn Lesson 4, you will practice reading a Georgian restaurant menu — food vocabulary in its natural written context.\\n\""],"names":["lesson03"],"mappings":"AAAA,MAAAA,IAAe;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;"}

package/dist/lesson-04-BG5oG78h.js

@@ -1,191 +0,0 @@
-const e = `---
-type: lesson
-id: georgian-alphabet-lesson-04
-title: "გაკვეთილი 4 — Aspirated Stops"
-description: "Voiceless aspirated stops თ, ქ, ფ — The first layer of Georgian's three-way stop distinction"
-order: 4
-parentId: georgian-alphabet
-difficulty: beginner
-cefrLevel: A1
-categories:
-  - consonants
-  - stops
-  - aspirated
-metadata:
-  estimatedTime: 25
-  prerequisites:
-    - georgian-alphabet-lesson-03
-  learningObjectives:
-    - id: obj-recognize-aspirated
-      description: "Recognize the aspirated stop consonants თ, ქ, and ფ"
-      skill: character-recognition
-      references: [tani, qani, phari]
-    - id: obj-aspirated-sounds
-      description: "Produce the aspirated stop sounds with a clear puff of air"
-      skill: character-sound-mapping
-      references: [tani, qani, phari]
-    - id: obj-aspiration-concept
-      description: "Understand the concept of aspiration and how it differs from English stops"
-      skill: character-class-identification
-      references: [tani, qani, phari]
----
-
-# გაკვეთილი 4 (Lesson 4) — Aspirated Stops
-
-## Introduction
-
-Georgian has one of the most remarkable consonant systems in the world: a **three-way distinction** among stop consonants. Where English distinguishes only two types (voiced "b" vs. voiceless "p"), Georgian has three:
-
-1. **Voiced** -- vocal cords vibrate (you already know some: მ, ნ, etc.)
-2. **Aspirated** (this lesson) -- voiceless with a strong puff of air
-3. **Ejective** (next lesson) -- voiceless with a glottal pop, no air puff
-
-This three-way system is one of Georgian's most distinctive features and sets it apart from most European languages.
-
-## Characters
-
-:::character-set{id="georgian-aspirated-stops" title="Aspirated Stops"}
-
-::character{id="tani" canonicalRef="tani" char="თ" name="თ თანი (Tani)" charType="consonant" data:phoneticCategory="stop" data:voicing="voiceless" data:transliteration="t" data:ipa="tʰ"}
-
-::character{id="qani" canonicalRef="qani" char="ქ" name="ქ ქანი (Qani)" charType="consonant" data:phoneticCategory="stop" data:voicing="voiceless" data:transliteration="k" data:ipa="kʰ"}
-
-::character{id="phari" canonicalRef="phari" char="ფ" name="ფ ფარი (Phari)" charType="consonant" data:phoneticCategory="stop" data:voicing="voiceless" data:transliteration="p" data:ipa="pʰ"}
-
-:::
-
-## What Is Aspiration?
-
-**Aspiration** is a puff of air that follows a consonant sound. Hold your hand in front of your mouth and say these English words:
-
-- **"top"** -- you feel a puff of air after the "t"
-- **"pot"** -- you feel a puff of air after the "p"
-- **"cop"** -- you feel a puff of air after the "k"
-
-That puff is aspiration. In English, aspiration happens automatically at the beginning of stressed syllables, so most English speakers never notice it. In Georgian, aspiration is **distinctive** -- it changes the meaning of a word.
-
-## The Three Aspirated Stops
-
-| Letter | Name | IPA | Place of Articulation | Like English... |
-|--------|------|-----|-----------------------|-----------------|
-| თ | თანი (Tani) | /tʰ/ | Alveolar (tongue tip behind teeth) | "t" in "top" |
-| ქ | ქანი (Qani) | /kʰ/ | Velar (back of tongue) | "k" in "kite" |
-| ფ | ფარი (Phari) | /pʰ/ | Bilabial (both lips) | "p" in "pot" |
-
-These sounds will feel natural to English speakers because English "t", "k", and "p" at the beginning of stressed words are also aspirated. The challenge comes in Lesson 5, when you learn the ejective counterparts that have no English equivalent.
-
-## The Three-Way System Preview
-
-To understand where these aspirated stops fit, here is the complete three-way system you will learn over Lessons 4 and 5:
-
-| Place | Voiced | Aspirated | Ejective |
-|-------|--------|-----------|----------|
-| Bilabial (lips) | ბ /b/ | **ფ /pʰ/** | პ /pʼ/ |
-| Alveolar (tongue tip) | დ /d/ | **თ /tʰ/** | ტ /tʼ/ |
-| Velar (back tongue) | გ /ɡ/ | **ქ /kʰ/** | კ /kʼ/ |
-
-This lesson covers the middle column (aspirated). You will learn the ejective column in Lesson 5. The voiced column will be covered in a future lesson.
-
-## Words with Aspirated Stops
-
-| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
-|------|--------------|---------|
-| თავი | tʰa-vi | head; self |
-| ქალი | kʰa-li | woman |
-| ფული | pʰu-li | money |
-| თვალი | tʰva-li | eye |
-| ქარი | kʰa-ri | wind |
-| ფოსტა | pʰos-ta | post, mail |
-| თეთრი | tʰe-tʰri | white; a monetary unit |
-
-Notice that **თეთრი** contains two aspirated stops. The word means both "white" and refers to a small denomination of Georgian currency (100 თეთრი = 1 ლარი).
-
-## Aspiration in Context
-
-Aspiration matters in Georgian because it creates **minimal pairs** -- words that differ only in whether a stop is aspirated or ejective:
-
-- **თავი** /tʰavi/ (head) vs. **ტანი** /tʼani/ (body) -- თ (aspirated) vs. ტ (ejective)
-- **ქარი** /kʰari/ (wind) vs. **კარი** /kʼari/ (door) -- ქ (aspirated) vs. კ (ejective)
-- **ფული** /pʰuli/ (money) vs. **პური** /pʼuri/ (bread) -- ფ (aspirated) vs. პ (ejective)
-
-You will practice these contrasts in Lesson 5 after learning the ejective stops.
-
-## Recognizing the Shapes
-
-- **თ** has a round body with a vertical stroke, sitting on the baseline
-- **ქ** features an elegant rightward curve, one of the more distinctive Georgian shapes
-- **ფ** has a characteristic loop shape, reaching below the baseline
-
-Compare these carefully with their ejective counterparts in Lesson 5 -- the shapes are completely different even though the sounds are related.
-
-## Key Points
-
-1. **Three-way distinction**: Georgian stops come in voiced, aspirated, and ejective varieties
-2. **Aspiration = air puff**: Hold your hand in front of your mouth to feel it
-3. **Natural for English speakers**: English "t", "k", "p" at word start are already aspirated
-4. **Minimal pairs exist**: Aspirated vs. ejective changes meaning (თავი vs. ტანი)
-5. **Three places of articulation**: Bilabial (ფ), alveolar (თ), velar (ქ)
-
-## Practice Exercises
-
-:::exercise{id="ka-04-recognition" type="matching" title="Identify Aspirated Stops" skill="character-recognition" tests="tani,qani,phari" objectiveId="obj-recognize-aspirated"}
-
-**Question:** Match each Georgian aspirated stop to its name and sound
-
-- თ
-- ქ
-- ფ
-
-**Answer:**
-
-- თ = Tani /tʰ/ (aspirated "t", tongue behind teeth)
-- ქ = Qani /kʰ/ (aspirated "k", back of tongue)
-- ფ = Phari /pʰ/ (aspirated "p", both lips)
-
-**Explanation:** These three aspirated stops correspond to the three major places of articulation for stops: bilabial (lips), alveolar (tongue tip), and velar (back tongue). They all share the feature of being voiceless with a strong puff of air.
-
-:::
-
-:::exercise{id="ka-04-sounds" type="fill-in-blank" title="Aspirated Stop Sounds" skill="character-sound-mapping" tests="tani,qani,phari" objectiveId="obj-aspirated-sounds"}
-
-**Question:** What sound does each aspirated stop make? Give the IPA symbol and an English example word.
-
-- თ = ___
-- ქ = ___
-- ფ = ___
-
-**Answer:**
-
-- თ = /tʰ/ as in "top"
-- ქ = /kʰ/ as in "kite"
-- ფ = /pʰ/ as in "pot"
-
-**Explanation:** All three are voiceless stops with aspiration (a puff of air). English speakers produce these sounds naturally at the beginning of stressed syllables, so they should feel familiar.
-
-:::
-
-:::exercise{id="ka-04-aspiration-concept" type="multiple-choice" title="Understanding Aspiration" skill="character-class-identification" tests="tani,qani,phari" objectiveId="obj-aspiration-concept"}
-
-**Question:** What makes Georgian's stop consonant system unusual compared to English?
-
-**Options:**
-
-- Georgian has more vowels than English
-- Georgian distinguishes three types of stops (voiced, aspirated, ejective) while English only distinguishes two (voiced, voiceless)
-- Georgian stops are always silent at the end of words
-- Georgian has no voiced consonants
-
-**Answer:** 2
-
-**Explanation:** English distinguishes only voiced stops (b, d, g) from voiceless stops (p, t, k). Georgian adds a third category: ejective stops, which are produced with a glottalic airstream (a popping sound from the glottis). This three-way distinction is rare among European languages but common in Caucasian languages.
-
-:::
-
-## What's Next
-
-In Lesson 5, you will learn the **ejective stops** (ტ, კ, პ) -- the third and most uniquely Georgian category of stops. Ejectives are produced with a sharp, crisp pop and no air puff, created by compressing air between the closed glottis and the mouth closure. You will practice contrasting aspirated and ejective stops side by side.
-`;
-export {
-  e as default
-};
-//# sourceMappingURL=lesson-04-BG5oG78h.js.map

package/dist/lesson-04-BG5oG78h.js.map

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"lesson-04-BG5oG78h.js","sources":["../src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-04.mdx?raw"],"sourcesContent":["export default \"---\\ntype: lesson\\nid: georgian-alphabet-lesson-04\\ntitle: \\\"გაკვეთილი 4 — Aspirated Stops\\\"\\ndescription: \\\"Voiceless aspirated stops თ, ქ, ფ — The first layer of Georgian's three-way stop distinction\\\"\\norder: 4\\nparentId: georgian-alphabet\\ndifficulty: beginner\\ncefrLevel: A1\\ncategories:\\n  - consonants\\n  - stops\\n  - aspirated\\nmetadata:\\n  estimatedTime: 25\\n  prerequisites:\\n    - georgian-alphabet-lesson-03\\n  learningObjectives:\\n    - id: obj-recognize-aspirated\\n      description: \\\"Recognize the aspirated stop consonants თ, ქ, and ფ\\\"\\n      skill: character-recognition\\n      references: [tani, qani, phari]\\n    - id: obj-aspirated-sounds\\n      description: \\\"Produce the aspirated stop sounds with a clear puff of air\\\"\\n      skill: character-sound-mapping\\n      references: [tani, qani, phari]\\n    - id: obj-aspiration-concept\\n      description: \\\"Understand the concept of aspiration and how it differs from English stops\\\"\\n      skill: character-class-identification\\n      references: [tani, qani, phari]\\n---\\n\\n# გაკვეთილი 4 (Lesson 4) — Aspirated Stops\\n\\n## Introduction\\n\\nGeorgian has one of the most remarkable consonant systems in the world: a **three-way distinction** among stop consonants. Where English distinguishes only two types (voiced \\\"b\\\" vs. voiceless \\\"p\\\"), Georgian has three:\\n\\n1. **Voiced** -- vocal cords vibrate (you already know some: მ, ნ, etc.)\\n2. **Aspirated** (this lesson) -- voiceless with a strong puff of air\\n3. **Ejective** (next lesson) -- voiceless with a glottal pop, no air puff\\n\\nThis three-way system is one of Georgian's most distinctive features and sets it apart from most European languages.\\n\\n## Characters\\n\\n:::character-set{id=\\\"georgian-aspirated-stops\\\" title=\\\"Aspirated Stops\\\"}\\n\\n::character{id=\\\"tani\\\" canonicalRef=\\\"tani\\\" char=\\\"თ\\\" name=\\\"თ თანი (Tani)\\\" charType=\\\"consonant\\\" data:phoneticCategory=\\\"stop\\\" data:voicing=\\\"voiceless\\\" data:transliteration=\\\"t\\\" data:ipa=\\\"tʰ\\\"}\\n\\n::character{id=\\\"qani\\\" canonicalRef=\\\"qani\\\" char=\\\"ქ\\\" name=\\\"ქ ქანი (Qani)\\\" charType=\\\"consonant\\\" data:phoneticCategory=\\\"stop\\\" data:voicing=\\\"voiceless\\\" data:transliteration=\\\"k\\\" data:ipa=\\\"kʰ\\\"}\\n\\n::character{id=\\\"phari\\\" canonicalRef=\\\"phari\\\" char=\\\"ფ\\\" name=\\\"ფ ფარი (Phari)\\\" charType=\\\"consonant\\\" data:phoneticCategory=\\\"stop\\\" data:voicing=\\\"voiceless\\\" data:transliteration=\\\"p\\\" data:ipa=\\\"pʰ\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## What Is Aspiration?\\n\\n**Aspiration** is a puff of air that follows a consonant sound. Hold your hand in front of your mouth and say these English words:\\n\\n- **\\\"top\\\"** -- you feel a puff of air after the \\\"t\\\"\\n- **\\\"pot\\\"** -- you feel a puff of air after the \\\"p\\\"\\n- **\\\"cop\\\"** -- you feel a puff of air after the \\\"k\\\"\\n\\nThat puff is aspiration. In English, aspiration happens automatically at the beginning of stressed syllables, so most English speakers never notice it. In Georgian, aspiration is **distinctive** -- it changes the meaning of a word.\\n\\n## The Three Aspirated Stops\\n\\n| Letter | Name | IPA | Place of Articulation | Like English... |\\n|--------|------|-----|-----------------------|-----------------|\\n| თ | თანი (Tani) | /tʰ/ | Alveolar (tongue tip behind teeth) | \\\"t\\\" in \\\"top\\\" |\\n| ქ | ქანი (Qani) | /kʰ/ | Velar (back of tongue) | \\\"k\\\" in \\\"kite\\\" |\\n| ფ | ფარი (Phari) | /pʰ/ | Bilabial (both lips) | \\\"p\\\" in \\\"pot\\\" |\\n\\nThese sounds will feel natural to English speakers because English \\\"t\\\", \\\"k\\\", and \\\"p\\\" at the beginning of stressed words are also aspirated. The challenge comes in Lesson 5, when you learn the ejective counterparts that have no English equivalent.\\n\\n## The Three-Way System Preview\\n\\nTo understand where these aspirated stops fit, here is the complete three-way system you will learn over Lessons 4 and 5:\\n\\n| Place | Voiced | Aspirated | Ejective |\\n|-------|--------|-----------|----------|\\n| Bilabial (lips) | ბ /b/ | **ფ /pʰ/** | პ /pʼ/ |\\n| Alveolar (tongue tip) | დ /d/ | **თ /tʰ/** | ტ /tʼ/ |\\n| Velar (back tongue) | გ /ɡ/ | **ქ /kʰ/** | კ /kʼ/ |\\n\\nThis lesson covers the middle column (aspirated). You will learn the ejective column in Lesson 5. The voiced column will be covered in a future lesson.\\n\\n## Words with Aspirated Stops\\n\\n| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |\\n|------|--------------|---------|\\n| თავი | tʰa-vi | head; self |\\n| ქალი | kʰa-li | woman |\\n| ფული | pʰu-li | money |\\n| თვალი | tʰva-li | eye |\\n| ქარი | kʰa-ri | wind |\\n| ფოსტა | pʰos-ta | post, mail |\\n| თეთრი | tʰe-tʰri | white; a monetary unit |\\n\\nNotice that **თეთრი** contains two aspirated stops. The word means both \\\"white\\\" and refers to a small denomination of Georgian currency (100 თეთრი = 1 ლარი).\\n\\n## Aspiration in Context\\n\\nAspiration matters in Georgian because it creates **minimal pairs** -- words that differ only in whether a stop is aspirated or ejective:\\n\\n- **თავი** /tʰavi/ (head) vs. **ტანი** /tʼani/ (body) -- თ (aspirated) vs. ტ (ejective)\\n- **ქარი** /kʰari/ (wind) vs. **კარი** /kʼari/ (door) -- ქ (aspirated) vs. კ (ejective)\\n- **ფული** /pʰuli/ (money) vs. **პური** /pʼuri/ (bread) -- ფ (aspirated) vs. პ (ejective)\\n\\nYou will practice these contrasts in Lesson 5 after learning the ejective stops.\\n\\n## Recognizing the Shapes\\n\\n- **თ** has a round body with a vertical stroke, sitting on the baseline\\n- **ქ** features an elegant rightward curve, one of the more distinctive Georgian shapes\\n- **ფ** has a characteristic loop shape, reaching below the baseline\\n\\nCompare these carefully with their ejective counterparts in Lesson 5 -- the shapes are completely different even though the sounds are related.\\n\\n## Key Points\\n\\n1. **Three-way distinction**: Georgian stops come in voiced, aspirated, and ejective varieties\\n2. **Aspiration = air puff**: Hold your hand in front of your mouth to feel it\\n3. **Natural for English speakers**: English \\\"t\\\", \\\"k\\\", \\\"p\\\" at word start are already aspirated\\n4. **Minimal pairs exist**: Aspirated vs. ejective changes meaning (თავი vs. ტანი)\\n5. **Three places of articulation**: Bilabial (ფ), alveolar (თ), velar (ქ)\\n\\n## Practice Exercises\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-04-recognition\\\" type=\\\"matching\\\" title=\\\"Identify Aspirated Stops\\\" skill=\\\"character-recognition\\\" tests=\\\"tani,qani,phari\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-recognize-aspirated\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Match each Georgian aspirated stop to its name and sound\\n\\n- თ\\n- ქ\\n- ფ\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n- თ = Tani /tʰ/ (aspirated \\\"t\\\", tongue behind teeth)\\n- ქ = Qani /kʰ/ (aspirated \\\"k\\\", back of tongue)\\n- ფ = Phari /pʰ/ (aspirated \\\"p\\\", both lips)\\n\\n**Explanation:** These three aspirated stops correspond to the three major places of articulation for stops: bilabial (lips), alveolar (tongue tip), and velar (back tongue). They all share the feature of being voiceless with a strong puff of air.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-04-sounds\\\" type=\\\"fill-in-blank\\\" title=\\\"Aspirated Stop Sounds\\\" skill=\\\"character-sound-mapping\\\" tests=\\\"tani,qani,phari\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-aspirated-sounds\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** What sound does each aspirated stop make? Give the IPA symbol and an English example word.\\n\\n- თ = ___\\n- ქ = ___\\n- ფ = ___\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n- თ = /tʰ/ as in \\\"top\\\"\\n- ქ = /kʰ/ as in \\\"kite\\\"\\n- ფ = /pʰ/ as in \\\"pot\\\"\\n\\n**Explanation:** All three are voiceless stops with aspiration (a puff of air). English speakers produce these sounds naturally at the beginning of stressed syllables, so they should feel familiar.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-04-aspiration-concept\\\" type=\\\"multiple-choice\\\" title=\\\"Understanding Aspiration\\\" skill=\\\"character-class-identification\\\" tests=\\\"tani,qani,phari\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-aspiration-concept\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** What makes Georgian's stop consonant system unusual compared to English?\\n\\n**Options:**\\n\\n- Georgian has more vowels than English\\n- Georgian distinguishes three types of stops (voiced, aspirated, ejective) while English only distinguishes two (voiced, voiceless)\\n- Georgian stops are always silent at the end of words\\n- Georgian has no voiced consonants\\n\\n**Answer:** 2\\n\\n**Explanation:** English distinguishes only voiced stops (b, d, g) from voiceless stops (p, t, k). Georgian adds a third category: ejective stops, which are produced with a glottalic airstream (a popping sound from the glottis). This three-way distinction is rare among European languages but common in Caucasian languages.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## What's Next\\n\\nIn Lesson 5, you will learn the **ejective stops** (ტ, კ, პ) -- the third and most uniquely Georgian category of stops. Ejectives are produced with a sharp, crisp pop and no air puff, created by compressing air between the closed glottis and the mouth closure. You will practice contrasting aspirated and ejective stops side by side.\\n\""],"names":["lesson04"],"mappings":"AAAA,MAAAA,IAAe;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;"}