@smake/eigen 1.1.0 → 1.1.1

package/eigen/Eigen/src/Core/Random.h

@@ -10,209 +10,198 @@
 #ifndef EIGEN_RANDOM_H
 #define EIGEN_RANDOM_H
 
-namespace Eigen { 
+// IWYU pragma: private
+#include "./InternalHeaderCheck.h"
+
+namespace Eigen {
 
 namespace internal {
 
-template<typename Scalar> struct scalar_random_op {
-  EIGEN_EMPTY_STRUCT_CTOR(scalar_random_op)
-  inline const Scalar operator() () const { return random<Scalar>(); }
+template <typename Scalar>
+struct scalar_random_op {
+  inline const Scalar operator()() const { return random<Scalar>(); }
 };
 
-template<typename Scalar>
-struct functor_traits<scalar_random_op<Scalar> >
-{ enum { Cost = 5 * NumTraits<Scalar>::MulCost, PacketAccess = false, IsRepeatable = false }; };
+template <typename Scalar>
+struct functor_traits<scalar_random_op<Scalar> > {
+  enum { Cost = 5 * NumTraits<Scalar>::MulCost, PacketAccess = false, IsRepeatable = false };
+};
 
-} // end namespace internal
+}  // end namespace internal
 
 /** \returns a random matrix expression
-  *
-  * Numbers are uniformly spread through their whole definition range for integer types,
-  * and in the [-1:1] range for floating point scalar types.
-  * 
-  * The parameters \a rows and \a cols are the number of rows and of columns of
-  * the returned matrix. Must be compatible with this MatrixBase type.
-  *
-  * \not_reentrant
-  * 
-  * This variant is meant to be used for dynamic-size matrix types. For fixed-size types,
-  * it is redundant to pass \a rows and \a cols as arguments, so Random() should be used
-  * instead.
-  * 
-  *
-  * Example: \include MatrixBase_random_int_int.cpp
-  * Output: \verbinclude MatrixBase_random_int_int.out
-  *
-  * This expression has the "evaluate before nesting" flag so that it will be evaluated into
-  * a temporary matrix whenever it is nested in a larger expression. This prevents unexpected
-  * behavior with expressions involving random matrices.
-  * 
-  * See DenseBase::NullaryExpr(Index, const CustomNullaryOp&) for an example using C++11 random generators.
-  *
-  * \sa DenseBase::setRandom(), DenseBase::Random(Index), DenseBase::Random()
-  */
-template<typename Derived>
-inline const typename DenseBase<Derived>::RandomReturnType
-DenseBase<Derived>::Random(Index rows, Index cols)
-{
+ *
+ * Numbers are uniformly spread through their whole definition range for integer types,
+ * and in the [-1:1] range for floating point scalar types.
+ *
+ * The parameters \a rows and \a cols are the number of rows and of columns of
+ * the returned matrix. Must be compatible with this MatrixBase type.
+ *
+ * \not_reentrant
+ *
+ * This variant is meant to be used for dynamic-size matrix types. For fixed-size types,
+ * it is redundant to pass \a rows and \a cols as arguments, so Random() should be used
+ * instead.
+ *
+ *
+ * Example: \include MatrixBase_random_int_int.cpp
+ * Output: \verbinclude MatrixBase_random_int_int.out
+ *
+ * This expression has the "evaluate before nesting" flag so that it will be evaluated into
+ * a temporary matrix whenever it is nested in a larger expression. This prevents unexpected
+ * behavior with expressions involving random matrices.
+ *
+ * See DenseBase::NullaryExpr(Index, const CustomNullaryOp&) for an example using C++11 random generators.
+ *
+ * \sa DenseBase::setRandom(), DenseBase::Random(Index), DenseBase::Random()
+ */
+template <typename Derived>
+inline const typename DenseBase<Derived>::RandomReturnType DenseBase<Derived>::Random(Index rows, Index cols) {
   return NullaryExpr(rows, cols, internal::scalar_random_op<Scalar>());
 }
 
 /** \returns a random vector expression
-  *
-  * Numbers are uniformly spread through their whole definition range for integer types,
-  * and in the [-1:1] range for floating point scalar types.
-  *
-  * The parameter \a size is the size of the returned vector.
-  * Must be compatible with this MatrixBase type.
-  *
-  * \only_for_vectors
-  * \not_reentrant
-  *
-  * This variant is meant to be used for dynamic-size vector types. For fixed-size types,
-  * it is redundant to pass \a size as argument, so Random() should be used
-  * instead.
-  *
-  * Example: \include MatrixBase_random_int.cpp
-  * Output: \verbinclude MatrixBase_random_int.out
-  *
-  * This expression has the "evaluate before nesting" flag so that it will be evaluated into
-  * a temporary vector whenever it is nested in a larger expression. This prevents unexpected
-  * behavior with expressions involving random matrices.
-  *
-  * \sa DenseBase::setRandom(), DenseBase::Random(Index,Index), DenseBase::Random()
-  */
-template<typename Derived>
-inline const typename DenseBase<Derived>::RandomReturnType
-DenseBase<Derived>::Random(Index size)
-{
+ *
+ * Numbers are uniformly spread through their whole definition range for integer types,
+ * and in the [-1:1] range for floating point scalar types.
+ *
+ * The parameter \a size is the size of the returned vector.
+ * Must be compatible with this MatrixBase type.
+ *
+ * \only_for_vectors
+ * \not_reentrant
+ *
+ * This variant is meant to be used for dynamic-size vector types. For fixed-size types,
+ * it is redundant to pass \a size as argument, so Random() should be used
+ * instead.
+ *
+ * Example: \include MatrixBase_random_int.cpp
+ * Output: \verbinclude MatrixBase_random_int.out
+ *
+ * This expression has the "evaluate before nesting" flag so that it will be evaluated into
+ * a temporary vector whenever it is nested in a larger expression. This prevents unexpected
+ * behavior with expressions involving random matrices.
+ *
+ * \sa DenseBase::setRandom(), DenseBase::Random(Index,Index), DenseBase::Random()
+ */
+template <typename Derived>
+inline const typename DenseBase<Derived>::RandomReturnType DenseBase<Derived>::Random(Index size) {
   return NullaryExpr(size, internal::scalar_random_op<Scalar>());
 }
 
 /** \returns a fixed-size random matrix or vector expression
-  *
-  * Numbers are uniformly spread through their whole definition range for integer types,
-  * and in the [-1:1] range for floating point scalar types.
-  * 
-  * This variant is only for fixed-size MatrixBase types. For dynamic-size types, you
-  * need to use the variants taking size arguments.
-  *
-  * Example: \include MatrixBase_random.cpp
-  * Output: \verbinclude MatrixBase_random.out
-  *
-  * This expression has the "evaluate before nesting" flag so that it will be evaluated into
-  * a temporary matrix whenever it is nested in a larger expression. This prevents unexpected
-  * behavior with expressions involving random matrices.
-  * 
-  * \not_reentrant
-  *
-  * \sa DenseBase::setRandom(), DenseBase::Random(Index,Index), DenseBase::Random(Index)
-  */
-template<typename Derived>
-inline const typename DenseBase<Derived>::RandomReturnType
-DenseBase<Derived>::Random()
-{
+ *
+ * Numbers are uniformly spread through their whole definition range for integer types,
+ * and in the [-1:1] range for floating point scalar types.
+ *
+ * This variant is only for fixed-size MatrixBase types. For dynamic-size types, you
+ * need to use the variants taking size arguments.
+ *
+ * Example: \include MatrixBase_random.cpp
+ * Output: \verbinclude MatrixBase_random.out
+ *
+ * This expression has the "evaluate before nesting" flag so that it will be evaluated into
+ * a temporary matrix whenever it is nested in a larger expression. This prevents unexpected
+ * behavior with expressions involving random matrices.
+ *
+ * \not_reentrant
+ *
+ * \sa DenseBase::setRandom(), DenseBase::Random(Index,Index), DenseBase::Random(Index)
+ */
+template <typename Derived>
+inline const typename DenseBase<Derived>::RandomReturnType DenseBase<Derived>::Random() {
   return NullaryExpr(RowsAtCompileTime, ColsAtCompileTime, internal::scalar_random_op<Scalar>());
 }
 
 /** Sets all coefficients in this expression to random values.
-  *
-  * Numbers are uniformly spread through their whole definition range for integer types,
-  * and in the [-1:1] range for floating point scalar types.
-  * 
-  * \not_reentrant
-  * 
-  * Example: \include MatrixBase_setRandom.cpp
-  * Output: \verbinclude MatrixBase_setRandom.out
-  *
-  * \sa class CwiseNullaryOp, setRandom(Index), setRandom(Index,Index)
-  */
-template<typename Derived>
-EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline Derived& DenseBase<Derived>::setRandom()
-{
+ *
+ * Numbers are uniformly spread through their whole definition range for integer types,
+ * and in the [-1:1] range for floating point scalar types.
+ *
+ * \not_reentrant
+ *
+ * Example: \include MatrixBase_setRandom.cpp
+ * Output: \verbinclude MatrixBase_setRandom.out
+ *
+ * \sa class CwiseNullaryOp, setRandom(Index), setRandom(Index,Index)
+ */
+template <typename Derived>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline Derived& DenseBase<Derived>::setRandom() {
   return *this = Random(rows(), cols());
 }
 
 /** Resizes to the given \a newSize, and sets all coefficients in this expression to random values.
-  *
-  * Numbers are uniformly spread through their whole definition range for integer types,
-  * and in the [-1:1] range for floating point scalar types.
-  * 
-  * \only_for_vectors
-  * \not_reentrant
-  *
-  * Example: \include Matrix_setRandom_int.cpp
-  * Output: \verbinclude Matrix_setRandom_int.out
-  *
-  * \sa DenseBase::setRandom(), setRandom(Index,Index), class CwiseNullaryOp, DenseBase::Random()
-  */
-template<typename Derived>
-EIGEN_STRONG_INLINE Derived&
-PlainObjectBase<Derived>::setRandom(Index newSize)
-{
+ *
+ * Numbers are uniformly spread through their whole definition range for integer types,
+ * and in the [-1:1] range for floating point scalar types.
+ *
+ * \only_for_vectors
+ * \not_reentrant
+ *
+ * Example: \include Matrix_setRandom_int.cpp
+ * Output: \verbinclude Matrix_setRandom_int.out
+ *
+ * \sa DenseBase::setRandom(), setRandom(Index,Index), class CwiseNullaryOp, DenseBase::Random()
+ */
+template <typename Derived>
+EIGEN_STRONG_INLINE Derived& PlainObjectBase<Derived>::setRandom(Index newSize) {
   resize(newSize);
   return setRandom();
 }
 
 /** Resizes to the given size, and sets all coefficients in this expression to random values.
-  *
-  * Numbers are uniformly spread through their whole definition range for integer types,
-  * and in the [-1:1] range for floating point scalar types.
-  *
-  * \not_reentrant
-  * 
-  * \param rows the new number of rows
-  * \param cols the new number of columns
-  *
-  * Example: \include Matrix_setRandom_int_int.cpp
-  * Output: \verbinclude Matrix_setRandom_int_int.out
-  *
-  * \sa DenseBase::setRandom(), setRandom(Index), class CwiseNullaryOp, DenseBase::Random()
-  */
-template<typename Derived>
-EIGEN_STRONG_INLINE Derived&
-PlainObjectBase<Derived>::setRandom(Index rows, Index cols)
-{
+ *
+ * Numbers are uniformly spread through their whole definition range for integer types,
+ * and in the [-1:1] range for floating point scalar types.
+ *
+ * \not_reentrant
+ *
+ * \param rows the new number of rows
+ * \param cols the new number of columns
+ *
+ * Example: \include Matrix_setRandom_int_int.cpp
+ * Output: \verbinclude Matrix_setRandom_int_int.out
+ *
+ * \sa DenseBase::setRandom(), setRandom(Index), class CwiseNullaryOp, DenseBase::Random()
+ */
+template <typename Derived>
+EIGEN_STRONG_INLINE Derived& PlainObjectBase<Derived>::setRandom(Index rows, Index cols) {
   resize(rows, cols);
   return setRandom();
 }
 
 /** Resizes to the given size, changing only the number of columns, and sets all
-  * coefficients in this expression to random values. For the parameter of type
-  * NoChange_t, just pass the special value \c NoChange.
-  *
-  * Numbers are uniformly spread through their whole definition range for integer types,
-  * and in the [-1:1] range for floating point scalar types.
-  *
-  * \not_reentrant
-  *
-  * \sa DenseBase::setRandom(), setRandom(Index), setRandom(Index, NoChange_t), class CwiseNullaryOp, DenseBase::Random()
-  */
-template<typename Derived>
-EIGEN_STRONG_INLINE Derived&
-PlainObjectBase<Derived>::setRandom(NoChange_t, Index cols)
-{
+ * coefficients in this expression to random values. For the parameter of type
+ * NoChange_t, just pass the special value \c NoChange.
+ *
+ * Numbers are uniformly spread through their whole definition range for integer types,
+ * and in the [-1:1] range for floating point scalar types.
+ *
+ * \not_reentrant
+ *
+ * \sa DenseBase::setRandom(), setRandom(Index), setRandom(Index, NoChange_t), class CwiseNullaryOp, DenseBase::Random()
+ */
+template <typename Derived>
+EIGEN_STRONG_INLINE Derived& PlainObjectBase<Derived>::setRandom(NoChange_t, Index cols) {
   return setRandom(rows(), cols);
 }
 
 /** Resizes to the given size, changing only the number of rows, and sets all
-  * coefficients in this expression to random values. For the parameter of type
-  * NoChange_t, just pass the special value \c NoChange.
-  *
-  * Numbers are uniformly spread through their whole definition range for integer types,
-  * and in the [-1:1] range for floating point scalar types.
-  *
-  * \not_reentrant
-  *
-  * \sa DenseBase::setRandom(), setRandom(Index), setRandom(NoChange_t, Index), class CwiseNullaryOp, DenseBase::Random()
-  */
-template<typename Derived>
-EIGEN_STRONG_INLINE Derived&
-PlainObjectBase<Derived>::setRandom(Index rows, NoChange_t)
-{
+ * coefficients in this expression to random values. For the parameter of type
+ * NoChange_t, just pass the special value \c NoChange.
+ *
+ * Numbers are uniformly spread through their whole definition range for integer types,
+ * and in the [-1:1] range for floating point scalar types.
+ *
+ * \not_reentrant
+ *
+ * \sa DenseBase::setRandom(), setRandom(Index), setRandom(NoChange_t, Index), class CwiseNullaryOp, DenseBase::Random()
+ */
+template <typename Derived>
+EIGEN_STRONG_INLINE Derived& PlainObjectBase<Derived>::setRandom(Index rows, NoChange_t) {
   return setRandom(rows, cols());
 }
 
-} // end namespace Eigen
+}  // end namespace Eigen
 
-#endif // EIGEN_RANDOM_H
+#endif  // EIGEN_RANDOM_H

package/eigen/Eigen/src/Core/RandomImpl.h

@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+// This file is part of Eigen, a lightweight C++ template library
+// for linear algebra.
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2024 Charles Schlosser <cs.schlosser@gmail.com>
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla
+// Public License v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed
+// with this file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+
+#ifndef EIGEN_RANDOM_IMPL_H
+#define EIGEN_RANDOM_IMPL_H
+
+// IWYU pragma: private
+#include "./InternalHeaderCheck.h"
+
+namespace Eigen {
+
+namespace internal {
+
+/****************************************************************************
+ * Implementation of random                                               *
+ ****************************************************************************/
+
+template <typename Scalar, bool IsComplex, bool IsInteger>
+struct random_default_impl {};
+
+template <typename Scalar>
+struct random_impl : random_default_impl<Scalar, NumTraits<Scalar>::IsComplex, NumTraits<Scalar>::IsInteger> {};
+
+template <typename Scalar>
+struct random_retval {
+  typedef Scalar type;
+};
+
+template <typename Scalar>
+inline EIGEN_MATHFUNC_RETVAL(random, Scalar) random(const Scalar& x, const Scalar& y) {
+  return EIGEN_MATHFUNC_IMPL(random, Scalar)::run(x, y);
+}
+
+template <typename Scalar>
+inline EIGEN_MATHFUNC_RETVAL(random, Scalar) random() {
+  return EIGEN_MATHFUNC_IMPL(random, Scalar)::run();
+}
+
+// TODO: replace or provide alternatives to this, e.g. std::random_device
+struct eigen_random_device {
+  using ReturnType = int;
+  static constexpr int Entropy = meta_floor_log2<(unsigned int)(RAND_MAX) + 1>::value;
+  static constexpr ReturnType Highest = RAND_MAX;
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline ReturnType run() { return std::rand(); }
+};
+
+// Fill a built-in unsigned integer with numRandomBits beginning with the least significant bit
+template <typename Scalar>
+struct random_bits_impl {
+  EIGEN_STATIC_ASSERT(std::is_unsigned<Scalar>::value, SCALAR MUST BE A BUILT - IN UNSIGNED INTEGER)
+  using RandomDevice = eigen_random_device;
+  using RandomReturnType = typename RandomDevice::ReturnType;
+  static constexpr int kEntropy = RandomDevice::Entropy;
+  static constexpr int kTotalBits = sizeof(Scalar) * CHAR_BIT;
+  // return a Scalar filled with numRandomBits beginning from the least significant bit
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline Scalar run(int numRandomBits) {
+    eigen_assert((numRandomBits >= 0) && (numRandomBits <= kTotalBits));
+    const Scalar mask = Scalar(-1) >> ((kTotalBits - numRandomBits) & (kTotalBits - 1));
+    Scalar randomBits = 0;
+    for (int shift = 0; shift < numRandomBits; shift += kEntropy) {
+      RandomReturnType r = RandomDevice::run();
+      randomBits |= static_cast<Scalar>(r) << shift;
+    }
+    // clear the excess bits
+    randomBits &= mask;
+    return randomBits;
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename BitsType>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline BitsType getRandomBits(int numRandomBits) {
+  return random_bits_impl<BitsType>::run(numRandomBits);
+}
+
+// random implementation for a built-in floating point type
+template <typename Scalar, bool BuiltIn = std::is_floating_point<Scalar>::value>
+struct random_float_impl {
+  using BitsType = typename numext::get_integer_by_size<sizeof(Scalar)>::unsigned_type;
+  static constexpr EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline int mantissaBits() {
+    const int digits = NumTraits<Scalar>::digits();
+    return digits - 1;
+  }
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline Scalar run(int numRandomBits) {
+    eigen_assert(numRandomBits >= 0 && numRandomBits <= mantissaBits());
+    BitsType randomBits = getRandomBits<BitsType>(numRandomBits);
+    // if fewer than MantissaBits is requested, shift them to the left
+    randomBits <<= (mantissaBits() - numRandomBits);
+    // randomBits is in the half-open interval [2,4)
+    randomBits |= numext::bit_cast<BitsType>(Scalar(2));
+    // result is in the half-open interval [-1,1)
+    Scalar result = numext::bit_cast<Scalar>(randomBits) - Scalar(3);
+    return result;
+  }
+};
+// random implementation for a custom floating point type
+// uses double as the implementation with a mantissa with a size equal to either the target scalar's mantissa or that of
+// double, whichever is smaller
+template <typename Scalar>
+struct random_float_impl<Scalar, false> {
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline int mantissaBits() {
+    const int digits = NumTraits<Scalar>::digits();
+    constexpr int kDoubleDigits = NumTraits<double>::digits();
+    return numext::mini(digits, kDoubleDigits) - 1;
+  }
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline Scalar run(int numRandomBits) {
+    eigen_assert(numRandomBits >= 0 && numRandomBits <= mantissaBits());
+    Scalar result = static_cast<Scalar>(random_float_impl<double>::run(numRandomBits));
+    return result;
+  }
+};
+
+#if !EIGEN_COMP_NVCC
+// random implementation for long double
+// this specialization is not compatible with double-double scalars
+template <bool Specialize = (sizeof(long double) == 2 * sizeof(uint64_t)) &&
+                            ((std::numeric_limits<long double>::digits != (2 * std::numeric_limits<double>::digits)))>
+struct random_longdouble_impl {
+  static constexpr int Size = sizeof(long double);
+  static constexpr EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC int mantissaBits() { return NumTraits<long double>::digits() - 1; }
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline long double run(int numRandomBits) {
+    eigen_assert(numRandomBits >= 0 && numRandomBits <= mantissaBits());
+    EIGEN_USING_STD(memcpy);
+    int numLowBits = numext::mini(numRandomBits, 64);
+    int numHighBits = numext::maxi(numRandomBits - 64, 0);
+    uint64_t randomBits[2];
+    long double result = 2.0L;
+    memcpy(&randomBits, &result, Size);
+#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
+    randomBits[0] |= getRandomBits<uint64_t>(numLowBits);
+    randomBits[1] |= getRandomBits<uint64_t>(numHighBits);
+#elif __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
+    randomBits[0] |= getRandomBits<uint64_t>(numHighBits);
+    randomBits[1] |= getRandomBits<uint64_t>(numLowBits);
+#else
+#error Unexpected or undefined __BYTE_ORDER__
+#endif
+    memcpy(&result, &randomBits, Size);
+    result -= 3.0L;
+    return result;
+  }
+};
+template <>
+struct random_longdouble_impl<false> {
+  static constexpr EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC int mantissaBits() { return NumTraits<double>::digits() - 1; }
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline long double run(int numRandomBits) {
+    return static_cast<long double>(random_float_impl<double>::run(numRandomBits));
+  }
+};
+template <>
+struct random_float_impl<long double> : random_longdouble_impl<> {};
+#endif
+
+template <typename Scalar>
+struct random_default_impl<Scalar, false, false> {
+  using Impl = random_float_impl<Scalar>;
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline Scalar run(const Scalar& x, const Scalar& y, int numRandomBits) {
+    Scalar half_x = Scalar(0.5) * x;
+    Scalar half_y = Scalar(0.5) * y;
+    Scalar result = (half_x + half_y) + (half_y - half_x) * run(numRandomBits);
+    // result is in the half-open interval [x, y) -- provided that x < y
+    return result;
+  }
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline Scalar run(const Scalar& x, const Scalar& y) {
+    return run(x, y, Impl::mantissaBits());
+  }
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline Scalar run(int numRandomBits) { return Impl::run(numRandomBits); }
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline Scalar run() { return run(Impl::mantissaBits()); }
+};
+
+template <typename Scalar, bool IsSigned = NumTraits<Scalar>::IsSigned, bool BuiltIn = std::is_integral<Scalar>::value>
+struct random_int_impl;
+
+// random implementation for a built-in unsigned integer type
+template <typename Scalar>
+struct random_int_impl<Scalar, false, true> {
+  static constexpr int kTotalBits = sizeof(Scalar) * CHAR_BIT;
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline Scalar run(const Scalar& x, const Scalar& y) {
+    if (y <= x) return x;
+    Scalar range = y - x;
+    // handle edge case where [x,y] spans the entire range of Scalar
+    if (range == NumTraits<Scalar>::highest()) return run();
+    Scalar count = range + 1;
+    // calculate the number of random bits needed to fill range
+    int numRandomBits = log2_ceil(count);
+    Scalar randomBits;
+    do {
+      randomBits = getRandomBits<Scalar>(numRandomBits);
+      // if the random draw is outside [0, range), try again (rejection sampling)
+      // in the worst-case scenario, the probability of rejection is: 1/2 - 1/2^numRandomBits < 50%
+    } while (randomBits >= count);
+    Scalar result = x + randomBits;
+    return result;
+  }
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline Scalar run() { return getRandomBits<Scalar>(kTotalBits); }
+};
+
+// random implementation for a built-in signed integer type
+template <typename Scalar>
+struct random_int_impl<Scalar, true, true> {
+  static constexpr int kTotalBits = sizeof(Scalar) * CHAR_BIT;
+  using BitsType = typename make_unsigned<Scalar>::type;
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline Scalar run(const Scalar& x, const Scalar& y) {
+    if (y <= x) return x;
+    // Avoid overflow by representing `range` as an unsigned type
+    BitsType range = static_cast<BitsType>(y) - static_cast<BitsType>(x);
+    BitsType randomBits = random_int_impl<BitsType>::run(0, range);
+    // Avoid overflow in the case where `x` is negative and there is a large range so
+    // `randomBits` would also be negative if cast to `Scalar` first.
+    Scalar result = static_cast<Scalar>(static_cast<BitsType>(x) + randomBits);
+    return result;
+  }
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline Scalar run() { return static_cast<Scalar>(getRandomBits<BitsType>(kTotalBits)); }
+};
+
+// todo: custom integers
+template <typename Scalar, bool IsSigned>
+struct random_int_impl<Scalar, IsSigned, false> {
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline Scalar run(const Scalar&, const Scalar&) { return run(); }
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline Scalar run() {
+    eigen_assert(std::false_type::value && "RANDOM FOR CUSTOM INTEGERS NOT YET SUPPORTED");
+    return Scalar(0);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Scalar>
+struct random_default_impl<Scalar, false, true> : random_int_impl<Scalar> {};
+
+template <>
+struct random_impl<bool> {
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline bool run(const bool& x, const bool& y) {
+    if (y <= x) return x;
+    return run();
+  }
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline bool run() { return getRandomBits<unsigned>(1) ? true : false; }
+};
+
+template <typename Scalar>
+struct random_default_impl<Scalar, true, false> {
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real RealScalar;
+  using Impl = random_impl<RealScalar>;
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline Scalar run(const Scalar& x, const Scalar& y, int numRandomBits) {
+    return Scalar(Impl::run(x.real(), y.real(), numRandomBits), Impl::run(x.imag(), y.imag(), numRandomBits));
+  }
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline Scalar run(const Scalar& x, const Scalar& y) {
+    return Scalar(Impl::run(x.real(), y.real()), Impl::run(x.imag(), y.imag()));
+  }
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline Scalar run(int numRandomBits) {
+    return Scalar(Impl::run(numRandomBits), Impl::run(numRandomBits));
+  }
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline Scalar run() { return Scalar(Impl::run(), Impl::run()); }
+};
+
+}  // namespace internal
+}  // namespace Eigen
+
+#endif  // EIGEN_RANDOM_IMPL_H