@rpgm-tools/neo-angband-core 0.18.0 → 0.19.0

package/src/obj/randart-data.ts

@@ -1,1344 +1,1547 @@
-/**
- * Random artifact generation: the data model and power-measurement half,
- * ported from reference/src/obj-randart.c (Angband 4.2.6) lines 1-1332 plus
- * the struct artifact_set_data allocator (obj-randart.c L2993) and the
- * struct definition in obj-randart.h.
- *
- * This module ports the parts of the randart generator that measure the
- * standard artifact set: it evaluates each artifact's power (artifactPower,
- * upstream artifact_power), records the baseline power statistics
- * (storeBasePower), tallies how often each ability appears (collectArtifactData
- * and the count_* helpers), and rescales those tallies into generation
- * frequencies (parseFrequencies / rescaleFreqs / adjustFreqs). The actual
- * generation of new artifacts (do_randart and its helpers, obj-randart.c
- * L1332+) is a separate, later port.
- *
- * Faithful notes / approximations:
- * - The upstream file_putf(log_file, ...) logging is dropped throughout; it
- *   never affects any returned value (same convention as power.ts).
- * - artifact_power (obj-randart.c L186) builds a "fake" object with
- *   make_fake_artifact (obj-make.c L728), which is object_prep(kind, 0,
- *   MAXIMISE) (obj-make.c L817) followed by copy_artifact_data (obj-make.c
- *   L520). artifactPower reproduces that field mapping directly into a
- *   PowerObject; the MAXIMISE and MINIMISE aspects it uses consume no RNG, so
- *   the two are inlined as pure rvMaximise/rvMinimise helpers and artifactPower
- *   needs no Rng.
- * - The fake object's curse timeouts (copy_curses, obj-curse.c) are set from a
- *   RANDOMISE dice roll upstream. Timeouts never enter object_power (cursePower
- *   reads only curse power), so artifactPower maps curse powers with timeout 0
- *   and consumes no RNG. Standard artifacts carry no curses, so RNG order in
- *   storeBasePower is unaffected either way.
- * - Upstream mean()/variance() (z-util.c L1389/L1516) are exact-rational
- *   multi-precision routines; store_base_power calls them with a non-NULL frac,
- *   which is the "round the result down" path. Both are now ported for real in
- *   ../rational (saturation and all) and called through meanFloored /
- *   varianceFloored below, rather than reimplemented here.
- */
-
-import { ELEM, KF, OBJ_MOD, OF, TV } from "../generated/index.js";
-import { ART_IDX } from "../generated/randart-properties.js";
-import type { Rng } from "../rng.js";
-import type { ObjRegistry } from "./bind.js";
-import type { CurseData, CurseTimedFoil } from "./object.js";
-import type { ActivationSummarizer } from "./randart-build.js";
-import {
-  copyBrands,
-  copySlays,
-  tvalCanHaveCharges,
-  tvalIsEdible,
-  tvalIsFuel,
-  tvalIsLauncher,
-  tvalIsPotion,
-} from "./object.js";
-import { mean, variance } from "../rational.js";
-import { objectPower } from "./power.js";
-import type { PowerObject } from "./power.js";
-import type { Artifact, ElementInfo } from "./types.js";
-import { ELEM_MAX, newOfFlags, OBJ_MOD_MAX, TV_MAX } from "./types.js";
-import type { RandomValue } from "../rng.js";
-
-/** ART_IDX_TOTAL: number of learned-probability slots (obj-randart.h). */
-const ART_IDX_TOTAL = ART_IDX.TOTAL;
-
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-/* struct artifact_set_data (obj-randart.h L59)                        */
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-
-/**
- * struct artifact_set_data: everything the generator learns from the standard
- * artifact set. Field names mirror the upstream struct (snake_case -> camelCase).
- */
-export interface ArtifactSetData {
-  /* Mean start and increment values for to_hit, to_dam and AC. */
-  hitIncrement: number;
-  damIncrement: number;
-  hitStartval: number;
-  damStartval: number;
-  acStartval: number;
-  acIncrement: number;
-
-  /* Data structures for learned probabilities. */
-  artProbs: number[];
-  tvProbs: number[];
-  tvNum: number[];
-  bowTotal: number;
-  meleeTotal: number;
-  bootTotal: number;
-  gloveTotal: number;
-  headgearTotal: number;
-  shieldTotal: number;
-  cloakTotal: number;
-  armorTotal: number;
-  otherTotal: number;
-  total: number;
-  negPowerTotal: number;
-
-  /* Tval frequency values. */
-  tvFreq: number[];
-
-  /* Artifact power ratings. */
-  basePower: number[];
-  maxPower: number;
-  minPower: number;
-  avgPower: number;
-  varPower: number;
-  avgTvPower: number[];
-  minTvPower: number[];
-  maxTvPower: number[];
-
-  /* Base item levels. */
-  baseItemLevel: number[];
-
-  /* Base item rarities. */
-  baseItemProb: number[];
-
-  /* Artifact rarities. */
-  baseArtAlloc: number[];
-
-  /**
-   * The player-timed failure tables (timed effect NAME -> fail directives) for
-   * artifact_curse_conflicts' TIMED_INC foil rejection (obj-curse.c L267-296).
-   * Built by the game from the bound TimedEffect[]; absent => the foil branch
-   * is skipped (curses still filtered by explicit conflict flags). See gap 3.3.
-   */
-  timedFoil?: CurseTimedFoil | undefined;
-  /**
-   * effect_summarize_properties (effects-info.c) for
-   * remove_contradictory_activation's redundancy check (obj-randart.c L2420,
-   * gap 3.8). Lives in the effects domain; injected here. Absent => a redundant
-   * activation is never stripped (conservative). Wired from the effects layer.
-   */
-  activationSummarize?: ActivationSummarizer | undefined;
-}
-
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-/* Arrays of indices by item type, used in frequency generation        */
-/* (obj-randart.c L52)                                                 */
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-
-const artIdxBow: readonly number[] = [
-  ART_IDX.BOW_SHOTS,
-  ART_IDX.BOW_MIGHT,
-  ART_IDX.BOW_BRAND,
-  ART_IDX.BOW_SLAY,
-];
-const artIdxWeapon: readonly number[] = [
-  ART_IDX.WEAPON_HIT,
-  ART_IDX.WEAPON_DAM,
-  ART_IDX.WEAPON_AGGR,
-];
-const artIdxNonweapon: readonly number[] = [
-  ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_HIT,
-  ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_DAM,
-  ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_HIT_DAM,
-  ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_AGGR,
-  ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_BRAND,
-  ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_SLAY,
-  ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_BLOWS,
-  ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_SHOTS,
-];
-const artIdxMelee: readonly number[] = [
-  ART_IDX.MELEE_BLESS,
-  ART_IDX.MELEE_SINV,
-  ART_IDX.MELEE_BRAND,
-  ART_IDX.MELEE_SLAY,
-  ART_IDX.MELEE_BLOWS,
-  ART_IDX.MELEE_AC,
-  ART_IDX.MELEE_DICE,
-  ART_IDX.MELEE_WEIGHT,
-  ART_IDX.MELEE_TUNN,
-];
-const artIdxAllarmor: readonly number[] = [ART_IDX.ALLARMOR_WEIGHT];
-const artIdxBoot: readonly number[] = [
-  ART_IDX.BOOT_AC,
-  ART_IDX.BOOT_FEATHER,
-  ART_IDX.BOOT_STEALTH,
-  ART_IDX.BOOT_TRAP_IMM,
-  ART_IDX.BOOT_SPEED,
-  ART_IDX.BOOT_MOVES,
-];
-const artIdxGlove: readonly number[] = [
-  ART_IDX.GLOVE_AC,
-  ART_IDX.GLOVE_HIT_DAM,
-  ART_IDX.GLOVE_FA,
-  ART_IDX.GLOVE_DEX,
-];
-const artIdxHeadgear: readonly number[] = [
-  ART_IDX.HELM_AC,
-  ART_IDX.HELM_RBLIND,
-  ART_IDX.HELM_ESP,
-  ART_IDX.HELM_SINV,
-  ART_IDX.HELM_WIS,
-  ART_IDX.HELM_INT,
-];
-const artIdxShield: readonly number[] = [
-  ART_IDX.SHIELD_AC,
-  ART_IDX.SHIELD_LRES,
-];
-const artIdxCloak: readonly number[] = [
-  ART_IDX.CLOAK_AC,
-  ART_IDX.CLOAK_STEALTH,
-];
-const artIdxArmor: readonly number[] = [
-  ART_IDX.ARMOR_AC,
-  ART_IDX.ARMOR_STEALTH,
-  ART_IDX.ARMOR_HLIFE,
-  ART_IDX.ARMOR_CON,
-  ART_IDX.ARMOR_LRES,
-  ART_IDX.ARMOR_ALLRES,
-  ART_IDX.ARMOR_HRES,
-];
-
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-/* Aspect helpers (pure; MAXIMISE/MINIMISE consume no RNG)             */
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-
-/** randcalc(v, 0, MINIMISE): base + dice (see rng.ts damcalc/mBonusCalc). */
-function rvMinimise(v: RandomValue): number {
-  return v.base + v.dice;
-}
-
-/** randcalc(v, 0, MAXIMISE): base + dice*sides + mBonus. */
-function rvMaximise(v: RandomValue): number {
-  return v.base + v.dice * v.sides + v.mBonus;
-}
-
-/** Number of set entries in a 1-based boolean slay/brand array, or 0. */
-function countTrue(arr: readonly boolean[] | null): number {
-  if (!arr) return 0;
-  let n = 0;
-  for (let i = 1; i < arr.length; i++) {
-    if (arr[i]) n++;
-  }
-  return n;
-}
-
-/**
- * store_base_power's two statistics, at the call shape obj-randart.c L278-L282
- * uses: mean(a, n, &frac) and variance(a, n, false, false, &frac), i.e. the
- * FLOORED variants. The scratch fraction upstream passes is written and then
- * ignored, so one shared throwaway stands in for it.
- *
- * These used to be local reimplementations here (plain floor division and
- * (sum(x^2)*size - sum(x)^2) / size^2). They agreed with the C for artifact
- * powers, but not at the rails: upstream's variance saturates at INT_MAX and
- * upstream's mean floors toward negative infinity via a magnitude-and-fraction
- * dance. ../rational is the real port, so the statistics now go through it.
- */
-const SCRATCH_FRAC = { n: 0, d: 1 };
-
-function meanFloored(nums: readonly number[]): number {
-  return mean(nums, nums.length, SCRATCH_FRAC);
-}
-
-function varianceFloored(nums: readonly number[]): number {
-  return variance(nums, nums.length, false, false, SCRATCH_FRAC);
-}
-
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-/* artifact_power (obj-randart.c L186)                                 */
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-
-/**
- * Build the "fake" object object_power evaluates for an artifact, reproducing
- * make_fake_artifact (obj-make.c L728) = object_prep(kind, 0, MAXIMISE)
- * followed by copy_artifact_data (obj-make.c L520). Returns null when the
- * artifact has no tval or no base kind (make_fake_artifact would return false).
- */
-function makeFakeArtifactPower(
-  reg: ObjRegistry,
-  art: Artifact,
-): PowerObject | null {
-  if (!art.tval) return null;
-  const kind = reg.lookupKind(art.tval, art.sval);
-  if (!kind) return null;
-
-  /* Flags: object_prep copies base then kind flags (the second copy
-   * overwrites the first, upstream quirk kept in objectPrep), then
-   * copy_artifact_data clears the light-fuel flags and unions art flags. */
-  const flags = newOfFlags();
-  flags.copy(kind.base.flags);
-  flags.copy(kind.flags);
-  flags.off(OF.TAKES_FUEL);
-  flags.off(OF.BURNS_OUT);
-  flags.union(art.flags);
-
-  /* Modifiers: object_prep fills from the kind (MAXIMISE), then
-   * copy_artifact_data overwrites every entry with the artifact's. */
-  const modifiers: number[] = new Array<number>(OBJ_MOD_MAX).fill(0);
-  for (let i = 0; i < OBJ_MOD_MAX; i++) {
-    modifiers[i] = art.modifiers[i] ?? 0;
-  }
-
-  /* pval: object_prep assigns charges then food/oil/launcher pval; the
-   * artifact copy does not touch pval. */
-  let pval = 0;
-  if (tvalCanHaveCharges(art.tval)) {
-    pval = rvMaximise(kind.charge);
-  }
-  if (
-    tvalIsEdible(art.tval) ||
-    tvalIsPotion(art.tval) ||
-    tvalIsFuel(art.tval) ||
-    tvalIsLauncher(art.tval)
-  ) {
-    pval = rvMaximise(kind.pval);
-  }
-
-  /* Slays/brands: object_prep copies the kind's, copy_artifact_data unions
-   * the artifact's on top. */
-  let slays = copySlays(null, kind.slays, reg.slays);
-  slays = copySlays(slays, art.slays, reg.slays);
-  let brands = copyBrands(null, kind.brands, reg.brands);
-  brands = copyBrands(brands, art.brands, reg.brands);
-
-  /* Element info: object_prep sets res_level and flags from kind (+ base
-   * flags); copy_artifact_data overrides res_level with any non-zero
-   * artifact level and unions the artifact ignore flags. */
-  const elInfo: ElementInfo[] = [];
-  for (let i = 0; i < ELEM_MAX; i++) {
-    const ke = kind.elInfo[i] as ElementInfo;
-    const be = kind.base.elInfo[i] as ElementInfo;
-    const ae = art.elInfo[i] as ElementInfo;
-    let resLevel = ke.resLevel;
-    let elFlags = ke.flags | be.flags;
-    if (ae.resLevel !== 0) resLevel = ae.resLevel;
-    elFlags |= ae.flags;
-    elInfo.push({ resLevel, flags: elFlags });
-  }
-
-  /* Curses: copy_curses copies the kind's then the artifact's powers.
-   * Timeouts (a RANDOMISE roll upstream) never affect power, so they are
-   * left at 0 and no RNG is consumed. */
-  let curses: CurseData[] | null = null;
-  if (kind.curses || art.curses) {
-    curses = [];
-    for (let i = 0; i < reg.curses.length; i++) {
-      curses.push({ power: 0, timeout: 0 });
-    }
-    if (kind.curses) {
-      for (let i = 0; i < reg.curses.length; i++) {
-        const power = kind.curses[i] ?? 0;
-        if (power) (curses[i] as CurseData).power = power;
-      }
-    }
-    if (art.curses) {
-      for (let i = 0; i < reg.curses.length; i++) {
-        const power = art.curses[i] ?? 0;
-        if (power) (curses[i] as CurseData).power = power;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  /* Activation comes from the artifact or, failing that, the kind. */
-  const act = art.activation ?? kind.activation;
-  const activation = act ? { power: act.power } : null;
-
-  return {
-    tval: art.tval,
-    toH: art.toH,
-    toD: art.toD,
-    toA: art.toA,
-    ac: art.ac,
-    dd: art.dd,
-    ds: art.ds,
-    weight: art.weight,
-    pval,
-    modifiers,
-    brands,
-    slays,
-    flags,
-    elInfo,
-    curses,
-    activation,
-    kind: { power: kind.power, kindFlags: kind.kindFlags },
-    ego: null,
-  };
-}
-
-/**
- * artifact_power (obj-randart.c L186): the artifact's power, by generating a
- * fake object from the artifact and calling the common object_power.
- */
-export function artifactPower(reg: ObjRegistry, art: Artifact): number {
-  const obj = makeFakeArtifactPower(reg, art);
-  if (!obj) return 0;
-  return objectPower(reg, obj);
-}
-
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-/* store_base_power (obj-randart.c L219)                               */
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-
-/**
- * store_base_power (obj-randart.c L219): store the original artifact power
- * ratings as a baseline, and capture the per-set and per-tval power statistics
- * and base-item info.
- */
-export function storeBasePower(reg: ObjRegistry, data: ArtifactSetData): void {
-  const aMax = reg.artifacts.length;
-
-  data.maxPower = 0;
-  data.minPower = INHIBIT_POWER + 1;
-  data.varPower = 0;
-
-  const fakeTotalPower: number[] = [];
-  const fakeTvPower: number[][] = [];
-  for (let i = 0; i < TV_MAX; i++) {
-    fakeTvPower.push([]);
-    data.minTvPower[i] = INHIBIT_POWER + 1;
-    data.maxTvPower[i] = 0;
-  }
-
-  for (let i = 0; i < aMax; i++) {
-    const art = reg.artifacts[i] ?? null;
-    const power = art ? artifactPower(reg, art) : 0;
-    data.basePower[i] = power;
-
-    /* Capture power stats, ignoring cursed and uber arts. */
-    if (power > data.maxPower && power < INHIBIT_POWER) {
-      data.maxPower = power;
-    }
-    if (power < data.minPower && power > 0) {
-      data.minPower = power;
-    }
-    if (power > 0 && power < INHIBIT_POWER && art) {
-      const tval = art.tval;
-      fakeTotalPower.push(power);
-      fakeTvPower[tval]!.push(power);
-      data.tvNum[tval] = (data.tvNum[tval] ?? 0) + 1;
-      if (power < (data.minTvPower[tval] ?? 0)) data.minTvPower[tval] = power;
-      if (power > (data.maxTvPower[tval] ?? 0)) data.maxTvPower[tval] = power;
-    }
-    if (power < 0) {
-      data.negPowerTotal++;
-    }
-
-    if (!power || !art) continue;
-    const kind = reg.lookupKind(art.tval, art.sval);
-    if (!kind) continue;
-    data.baseItemLevel[i] = kind.level;
-    data.baseItemProb[i] = kind.allocProb;
-    data.baseArtAlloc[i] = art.allocProb;
-  }
-
-  /* Round the result down (upstream passes frac but ignores it). */
-  data.avgPower = meanFloored(fakeTotalPower);
-  data.varPower = varianceFloored(fakeTotalPower);
-  for (let i = 0; i < TV_MAX; i++) {
-    if (data.tvNum[i]) {
-      data.avgTvPower[i] = meanFloored(fakeTvPower[i]!);
-    }
-  }
-
-  /* Store the number of different types, for use later. */
-  for (let i = 0; i < aMax; i++) {
-    const art = reg.artifacts[i] ?? null;
-    const tval = art ? art.tval : TV.NULL;
-    switch (tval) {
-      case TV.SWORD:
-      case TV.POLEARM:
-      case TV.HAFTED:
-        data.meleeTotal++;
-        break;
-      case TV.BOW:
-        data.bowTotal++;
-        break;
-      case TV.SOFT_ARMOR:
-      case TV.HARD_ARMOR:
-      case TV.DRAG_ARMOR:
-        data.armorTotal++;
-        break;
-      case TV.SHIELD:
-        data.shieldTotal++;
-        break;
-      case TV.CLOAK:
-        data.cloakTotal++;
-        break;
-      case TV.HELM:
-      case TV.CROWN:
-        data.headgearTotal++;
-        break;
-      case TV.GLOVES:
-        data.gloveTotal++;
-        break;
-      case TV.BOOTS:
-        data.bootTotal++;
-        break;
-      case TV.NULL:
-        break;
-      default:
-        data.otherTotal++;
-    }
-    data.total++;
-  }
-}
-
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-/* Ability counters (obj-randart.c L342-L1053)                         */
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-
-/**
- * count_weapon_abilities (obj-randart.c L342): handle weapon combat abilities.
- */
-export function countWeaponAbilities(
-  reg: ObjRegistry,
-  art: Artifact,
-  data: ArtifactSetData,
-): void {
-  const kind = reg.lookupKind(art.tval, art.sval);
-  if (!kind) return;
-  const minToH = rvMinimise(kind.toH);
-  const minToD = rvMinimise(kind.toD);
-  const minToA = rvMinimise(kind.toA);
-
-  /* To-hit and to-dam. */
-  let bonus = Math.trunc(
-    (art.toH - minToH - data.hitStartval) / data.hitIncrement,
-  );
-  data.artProbs[ART_IDX.WEAPON_HIT]! += bonus;
-
-  bonus = Math.trunc((art.toD - minToD - data.damStartval) / data.damIncrement);
-  data.artProbs[ART_IDX.WEAPON_DAM]! += bonus;
-
-  /* Does this weapon have an unusual bonus to AC? */
-  bonus = Math.trunc((art.toA - minToA) / data.acIncrement);
-  if (art.toA > 20) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_AC_SUPER]!++;
-  } else if (bonus > 0) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_AC]! += bonus;
-  }
-
-  /* Check damage dice - are they more than normal? */
-  if (art.dd > kind.dd) {
-    if (art.dd - kind.dd > 2) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_DICE_SUPER]!++;
-    } else {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_DICE]!++;
-    }
-  }
-
-  /* Check weight - is it different from normal? */
-  if (art.weight !== kind.weight) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_WEIGHT]!++;
-  }
-
-  /* Do we have 3 or more extra blows? */
-  const blows = art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.BLOWS] ?? 0;
-  if (blows > 2) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_BLOWS_SUPER]!++;
-  } else if (blows > 0) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_BLOWS]!++;
-  }
-
-  /* Aggravation. */
-  if (art.flags.has(OF.AGGRAVATE)) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.WEAPON_AGGR]!++;
-  }
-
-  /* Blessed weapon? */
-  if (art.flags.has(OF.BLESSED)) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_BLESS]!++;
-  }
-
-  /* See invisible? */
-  if (art.flags.has(OF.SEE_INVIS)) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_SINV]!++;
-  }
-
-  /* Tunnelling ability. */
-  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.TUNNEL] ?? 0) > 0) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_TUNN]!++;
-  }
-
-  /* Count brands and slays. */
-  if (art.slays) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_SLAY]! += countTrue(art.slays);
-  }
-  if (art.brands) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_BRAND]! += countTrue(art.brands);
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * count_bow_abilities (obj-randart.c L444): count combat abilities on bows.
- */
-export function countBowAbilities(
-  reg: ObjRegistry,
-  art: Artifact,
-  data: ArtifactSetData,
-): void {
-  const kind = reg.lookupKind(art.tval, art.sval);
-  if (!kind) return;
-  const minToH = rvMinimise(kind.toH);
-  const minToD = rvMinimise(kind.toD);
-  const minToA = rvMinimise(kind.toA);
-
-  /* To-hit. */
-  let bonus = Math.trunc(
-    (art.toH - minToH - data.hitStartval) / data.hitIncrement,
-  );
-  data.artProbs[ART_IDX.WEAPON_HIT]! += bonus;
-
-  /* To-dam. */
-  bonus = Math.trunc((art.toD - minToD - data.damStartval) / data.damIncrement);
-  data.artProbs[ART_IDX.WEAPON_DAM]! += bonus;
-
-  /* Armor class. */
-  bonus = Math.trunc((art.toA - minToA - data.acStartval) / data.acIncrement);
-  if (bonus > 0) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_AC]! += bonus;
-  }
-
-  /* Aggravation. */
-  if (art.flags.has(OF.AGGRAVATE)) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.WEAPON_AGGR]!++;
-  }
-
-  /* Do we have more than 1 extra shot? */
-  const shots = art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.SHOTS] ?? 0;
-  if (shots > 10) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOW_SHOTS_SUPER]!++;
-  } else if (shots > 0) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOW_SHOTS]!++;
-  }
-
-  /* Do we have 3 or more extra might? */
-  const might = art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.MIGHT] ?? 0;
-  if (might > 2) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOW_MIGHT_SUPER]!++;
-  } else if (might > 0) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOW_MIGHT]!++;
-  }
-
-  /* Count brands and slays. */
-  if (art.slays) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOW_SLAY]! += countTrue(art.slays);
-  }
-  if (art.brands) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOW_BRAND]! += countTrue(art.brands);
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * count_nonweapon_abilities (obj-randart.c L516): handle nonweapon combat
- * abilities.
- */
-export function countNonweaponAbilities(
-  reg: ObjRegistry,
-  art: Artifact,
-  data: ArtifactSetData,
-): void {
-  const kind = reg.lookupKind(art.tval, art.sval);
-  if (!kind) return;
-  const toHit = art.toH - rvMinimise(kind.toH);
-  const toDam = art.toD - rvMinimise(kind.toD);
-  const toA = art.toA - rvMinimise(kind.toA) - data.acStartval;
-  let bonus = Math.trunc(toA / data.acIncrement);
-
-  /* Armor class. */
-  if (bonus > 0) {
-    if (art.toA > 20) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_AC_SUPER]!++;
-    } else if (art.tval === TV.BOOTS) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOOT_AC]! += bonus;
-    } else if (art.tval === TV.GLOVES) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GLOVE_AC]! += bonus;
-    } else if (art.tval === TV.HELM || art.tval === TV.CROWN) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.HELM_AC]! += bonus;
-    } else if (art.tval === TV.SHIELD) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.SHIELD_AC]! += bonus;
-    } else if (art.tval === TV.CLOAK) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.CLOAK_AC]! += bonus;
-    } else if (
-      art.tval === TV.SOFT_ARMOR ||
-      art.tval === TV.HARD_ARMOR ||
-      art.tval === TV.DRAG_ARMOR
-    ) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.ARMOR_AC]! += bonus;
-    } else {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_AC]! += bonus;
-    }
-  }
-
-  /* To hit and dam bonuses. */
-  if (toHit > 0 && toDam > 0) {
-    bonus = Math.trunc(
-      (toHit + toDam) / (data.hitIncrement + data.damIncrement),
-    );
-    if (bonus > 0) {
-      if (art.tval === TV.GLOVES) {
-        data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GLOVE_HIT_DAM]! += bonus;
-      } else {
-        data.artProbs[ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_HIT_DAM]! += bonus;
-      }
-    }
-  } else if (toHit > 0) {
-    bonus = Math.trunc(toHit / data.hitIncrement);
-    if (bonus > 0) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_HIT]! += bonus;
-    }
-  } else if (toDam > 0) {
-    bonus = Math.trunc(toDam / data.damIncrement);
-    if (bonus > 0) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_DAM]! += bonus;
-    }
-  }
-
-  /* Check weight - is it different from normal? */
-  if (art.weight !== kind.weight) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.ALLARMOR_WEIGHT]!++;
-  }
-
-  /* Aggravation. */
-  if (art.flags.has(OF.AGGRAVATE)) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_AGGR]!++;
-  }
-
-  /* Count brands and slays. */
-  if (art.slays) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_SLAY]! += countTrue(art.slays);
-  }
-  if (art.brands) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_BRAND]! += countTrue(art.brands);
-  }
-
-  /* Blows. */
-  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.BLOWS] ?? 0) > 0) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_BLOWS]!++;
-  }
-
-  /* Shots. */
-  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.SHOTS] ?? 0) > 0) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_SHOTS]!++;
-  }
-
-  /* Tunnelling ability. */
-  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.TUNNEL] ?? 0) > 0) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_TUNN]!++;
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * count_modifiers (obj-randart.c L630): count stat and other modifier bonuses.
- */
-export function countModifiers(art: Artifact, data: ArtifactSetData): void {
-  let num = 0;
-
-  /* Stat bonuses. Add up the number of individual bonuses. */
-  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.STR] ?? 0) > 0) num++;
-  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.INT] ?? 0) > 0) num++;
-  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.WIS] ?? 0) > 0) num++;
-  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.DEX] ?? 0) > 0) num++;
-  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.CON] ?? 0) > 0) num++;
-
-  /* Handle a few special cases separately. */
-  if (
-    (art.tval === TV.HELM || art.tval === TV.CROWN) &&
-    ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.WIS] ?? 0) > 0 ||
-      (art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.INT] ?? 0) > 0)
-  ) {
-    if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.WIS] ?? 0) > 0) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.HELM_WIS]!++;
-      num--;
-    }
-    if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.INT] ?? 0) > 0) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.HELM_INT]!++;
-      num--;
-    }
-  } else if (
-    (art.tval === TV.SOFT_ARMOR ||
-      art.tval === TV.HARD_ARMOR ||
-      art.tval === TV.DRAG_ARMOR) &&
-    (art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.CON] ?? 0) > 0
-  ) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.ARMOR_CON]!++;
-    num--;
-  } else if (art.tval === TV.GLOVES && (art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.DEX] ?? 0) > 0) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GLOVE_DEX]!++;
-    num--;
-  }
-
-  /* Now the general case. */
-  if (num > 0) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_STAT]! += num;
-  }
-
-  /* Handle stealth, including a couple of special cases. */
-  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.STEALTH] ?? 0) > 0) {
-    if (art.tval === TV.BOOTS) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOOT_STEALTH]!++;
-    } else if (art.tval === TV.CLOAK) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.CLOAK_STEALTH]!++;
-    } else if (
-      art.tval === TV.SOFT_ARMOR ||
-      art.tval === TV.HARD_ARMOR ||
-      art.tval === TV.DRAG_ARMOR
-    ) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.ARMOR_STEALTH]!++;
-    } else {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_STEALTH]!++;
-    }
-  }
-
-  /* Searching bonus - fully generic. */
-  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.SEARCH] ?? 0) > 0) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_SEARCH]!++;
-  }
-
-  /* Infravision bonus - fully generic. */
-  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.INFRA] ?? 0) > 0) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_INFRA]!++;
-  }
-
-  /* Damage reduction bonus - fully generic. */
-  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.DAM_RED] ?? 0) > 0) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_DAM_RED]!++;
-  }
-
-  /* Moves bonus. */
-  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.MOVES] ?? 0) > 0) {
-    if (art.tval === TV.BOOTS) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOOT_MOVES]!++;
-    } else {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_MOVES]!++;
-    }
-  }
-
-  /* Speed - boots handled separately, supercharge shares its frequency. */
-  const speed = art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.SPEED] ?? 0;
-  if (speed > 0) {
-    if (speed > 7) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_SPEED_SUPER]!++;
-    } else if (art.tval === TV.BOOTS) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOOT_SPEED]!++;
-    } else {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_SPEED]!++;
-    }
-  }
-
-  /* Permanent light. */
-  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.LIGHT] ?? 0) > 0) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_LIGHT]!++;
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * count_low_resists (obj-randart.c L764): count low resists and immunities.
- */
-export function countLowResists(art: Artifact, data: ArtifactSetData): void {
-  let num = 0;
-
-  /* Count up immunities for this item, if any. */
-  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.ACID] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 3) num++;
-  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.ELEC] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 3) num++;
-  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.FIRE] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 3) num++;
-  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.COLD] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 3) num++;
-
-  data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_IMMUNE]! += num;
-
-  /* Count up low resists (not the type, just the number). */
-  num = 0;
-  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.ACID] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
-  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.ELEC] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
-  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.FIRE] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
-  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.COLD] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
-
-  if (num) {
-    if (art.tval === TV.SHIELD) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.SHIELD_LRES]! += num;
-    } else if (
-      art.tval === TV.SOFT_ARMOR ||
-      art.tval === TV.HARD_ARMOR ||
-      art.tval === TV.DRAG_ARMOR
-    ) {
-      if (num === 4) {
-        data.artProbs[ART_IDX.ARMOR_ALLRES]!++;
-      } else {
-        data.artProbs[ART_IDX.ARMOR_LRES]! += num;
-      }
-    } else {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_LRES]! += num;
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * count_high_resists (obj-randart.c L816): count high resists and protections.
- */
-export function countHighResists(art: Artifact, data: ArtifactSetData): void {
-  let num = 0;
-
-  /* Body armor: count all high resists as an aggregate first. */
-  if (
-    art.tval === TV.SOFT_ARMOR ||
-    art.tval === TV.HARD_ARMOR ||
-    art.tval === TV.DRAG_ARMOR
-  ) {
-    if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.POIS] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
-    if (art.flags.has(OF.PROT_FEAR)) num++;
-    if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.LIGHT] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
-    if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.DARK] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
-    if (art.flags.has(OF.PROT_BLIND)) num++;
-    if (art.flags.has(OF.PROT_CONF)) num++;
-    if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.SOUND] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
-    if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.SHARD] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
-    if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.NEXUS] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
-    if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.NETHER] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
-    if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.CHAOS] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
-    if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.DISEN] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
-    if (art.flags.has(OF.PROT_STUN)) num++;
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.ARMOR_HRES]! += num;
-  }
-
-  /* Now do the high resists individually. */
-  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.POIS] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RPOIS]!++;
-  }
-  if (art.flags.has(OF.PROT_FEAR)) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RFEAR]!++;
-  }
-  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.LIGHT] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RLIGHT]!++;
-  }
-  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.DARK] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RDARK]!++;
-  }
-  if (art.flags.has(OF.PROT_BLIND)) {
-    if (art.tval === TV.HELM || art.tval === TV.CROWN) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.HELM_RBLIND]!++;
-    } else {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RBLIND]!++;
-    }
-  }
-  if (art.flags.has(OF.PROT_CONF)) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RCONF]!++;
-  }
-  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.SOUND] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RSOUND]!++;
-  }
-  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.SHARD] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RSHARD]!++;
-  }
-  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.NEXUS] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RNEXUS]!++;
-  }
-  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.NETHER] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RNETHER]!++;
-  }
-  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.CHAOS] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RCHAOS]!++;
-  }
-  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.DISEN] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RDISEN]!++;
-  }
-  if (art.flags.has(OF.PROT_STUN)) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_PSTUN]!++;
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * count_abilities (obj-randart.c L943): general abilities, adding some to a
- * specific item-type tally depending on the base item.
- */
-export function countAbilities(
-  reg: ObjRegistry,
-  art: Artifact,
-  data: ArtifactSetData,
-): void {
-  const kind = reg.lookupKind(art.tval, art.sval);
-
-  /* Sustains. */
-  if (
-    art.flags.has(OF.SUST_STR) ||
-    art.flags.has(OF.SUST_INT) ||
-    art.flags.has(OF.SUST_WIS) ||
-    art.flags.has(OF.SUST_DEX) ||
-    art.flags.has(OF.SUST_CON)
-  ) {
-    let num = 0;
-    if (art.flags.has(OF.SUST_STR)) num++;
-    if (art.flags.has(OF.SUST_INT)) num++;
-    if (art.flags.has(OF.SUST_WIS)) num++;
-    if (art.flags.has(OF.SUST_DEX)) num++;
-    if (art.flags.has(OF.SUST_CON)) num++;
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_SUST]! += num;
-  }
-
-  /* Free action - handle gloves separately. */
-  if (art.flags.has(OF.FREE_ACT)) {
-    if (art.tval === TV.GLOVES) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GLOVE_FA]!++;
-    } else {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_FA]!++;
-    }
-  }
-
-  /* Hold life - do body armor separately. */
-  if (art.flags.has(OF.HOLD_LIFE)) {
-    if (
-      art.tval === TV.SOFT_ARMOR ||
-      art.tval === TV.HARD_ARMOR ||
-      art.tval === TV.DRAG_ARMOR
-    ) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.ARMOR_HLIFE]!++;
-    } else {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_HLIFE]!++;
-    }
-  }
-
-  /* Feather fall - handle boots separately. */
-  if (art.flags.has(OF.FEATHER)) {
-    if (art.tval === TV.BOOTS) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOOT_FEATHER]!++;
-    } else {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_FEATHER]!++;
-    }
-  }
-
-  /* See invisible - do helms/crowns separately (weapons already handled). */
-  if (art.flags.has(OF.SEE_INVIS)) {
-    if (
-      !(
-        art.tval === TV.DIGGING ||
-        art.tval === TV.HAFTED ||
-        art.tval === TV.POLEARM ||
-        art.tval === TV.SWORD
-      )
-    ) {
-      if (art.tval === TV.HELM || art.tval === TV.CROWN) {
-        data.artProbs[ART_IDX.HELM_SINV]!++;
-      } else {
-        data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_SINV]!++;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  /* ESP - handle helms/crowns separately. */
-  if (art.flags.has(OF.TELEPATHY)) {
-    if (art.tval === TV.HELM || art.tval === TV.CROWN) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.HELM_ESP]!++;
-    } else {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_ESP]!++;
-    }
-  }
-
-  /* Slow digestion - generic. */
-  if (art.flags.has(OF.SLOW_DIGEST)) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_SDIG]!++;
-  }
-
-  /* Regeneration - generic. */
-  if (art.flags.has(OF.REGEN)) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_REGEN]!++;
-  }
-
-  /* Trap immunity - handle boots separately. */
-  if (art.flags.has(OF.TRAP_IMMUNE)) {
-    if (art.tval === TV.BOOTS) {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOOT_TRAP_IMM]!++;
-    } else {
-      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_TRAP_IMM]!++;
-    }
-  }
-
-  /* Activation. */
-  if (art.activation || kind?.activation) {
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_ACTIV]!++;
-  }
-}
-
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-/* collect_artifact_data (obj-randart.c L1059)                         */
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-
-/**
- * collect_artifact_data (obj-randart.c L1059): parse the standard artifacts and
- * count up the frequencies of the various abilities.
- */
-export function collectArtifactCounts(
-  reg: ObjRegistry,
-  data: ArtifactSetData,
-): void {
-  const aMax = reg.artifacts.length;
-
-  for (let i = 0; i < aMax; i++) {
-    const art = reg.artifacts[i] ?? null;
-    if (!art) continue;
-
-    /* Don't parse cursed or null items. */
-    if ((data.basePower[i] ?? 0) < 0 || art.tval === 0) continue;
-
-    const kind = reg.lookupKind(art.tval, art.sval);
-    if (!kind) continue;
-
-    /* Special cases -- don't parse these! */
-    if (art.name.includes("The One Ring") || kind.kindFlags.has(KF.QUEST_ART)) {
-      continue;
-    }
-
-    /* Add the base item tval to the tv_probs array. */
-    data.tvProbs[kind.tval] = (data.tvProbs[kind.tval] ?? 0) + 1;
-
-    /* Count combat abilities broken up by type. */
-    if (
-      art.tval === TV.DIGGING ||
-      art.tval === TV.HAFTED ||
-      art.tval === TV.POLEARM ||
-      art.tval === TV.SWORD
-    ) {
-      countWeaponAbilities(reg, art, data);
-    } else if (art.tval === TV.BOW) {
-      countBowAbilities(reg, art, data);
-    } else {
-      countNonweaponAbilities(reg, art, data);
-    }
-
-    /* Count other properties. */
-    countModifiers(art, data);
-    countLowResists(art, data);
-    countHighResists(art, data);
-    countAbilities(reg, art, data);
-  }
-}
-
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-/* Frequency rescaling (obj-randart.c L1124-L1265)                     */
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-
-/** Rescale one index group by total / denom (integer division, in place). */
-function rescaleGroup(
-  data: ArtifactSetData,
-  group: readonly number[],
-  denom: number,
-): void {
-  for (const idx of group) {
-    data.artProbs[idx] = Math.trunc((data.artProbs[idx]! * data.total) / denom);
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * rescale_freqs (obj-randart.c L1124): rescale item-dependent ability
- * frequencies as though the whole set were made of that item type, so
- * dependent and independent abilities become comparable.
- */
-export function rescaleFreqs(data: ArtifactSetData): void {
-  /* Bow-only abilities. */
-  rescaleGroup(data, artIdxBow, data.bowTotal);
-
-  /* All weapon abilities. */
-  rescaleGroup(data, artIdxWeapon, data.bowTotal + data.meleeTotal);
-
-  /* Corresponding non-weapon abilities. */
-  const nonweaponDenom = data.total - data.meleeTotal - data.bowTotal;
-  rescaleGroup(data, artIdxNonweapon, nonweaponDenom);
-
-  /* All melee weapon abilities. */
-  rescaleGroup(data, artIdxMelee, data.meleeTotal);
-
-  /* All general armor abilities. */
-  const allArmorDenom =
-    data.armorTotal +
-    data.bootTotal +
-    data.shieldTotal +
-    data.headgearTotal +
-    data.cloakTotal +
-    data.gloveTotal;
-  rescaleGroup(data, artIdxAllarmor, allArmorDenom);
-
-  /* Boots. */
-  rescaleGroup(data, artIdxBoot, data.bootTotal);
-  /* Gloves. */
-  rescaleGroup(data, artIdxGlove, data.gloveTotal);
-  /* Headgear. */
-  rescaleGroup(data, artIdxHeadgear, data.headgearTotal);
-  /* Shields. */
-  rescaleGroup(data, artIdxShield, data.shieldTotal);
-  /* Cloaks. */
-  rescaleGroup(data, artIdxCloak, data.cloakTotal);
-  /* Body armor. */
-  rescaleGroup(data, artIdxArmor, data.armorTotal);
-}
-
-/**
- * adjust_freqs (obj-randart.c L1214): enforce minimum frequencies for
- * abilities that might be missing from the standard set, and halve the
- * aggravation frequencies (which are counted twice).
- */
-export function adjustFreqs(data: ArtifactSetData): void {
-  const atLeast = (idx: number, min: number): void => {
-    if (data.artProbs[idx]! < min) data.artProbs[idx] = min;
-  };
-
-  atLeast(ART_IDX.GEN_RFEAR, 5);
-  atLeast(ART_IDX.MELEE_DICE_SUPER, 5);
-  atLeast(ART_IDX.BOW_SHOTS_SUPER, 5);
-  atLeast(ART_IDX.BOW_MIGHT_SUPER, 5);
-  atLeast(ART_IDX.MELEE_BLOWS_SUPER, 5);
-  atLeast(ART_IDX.GEN_SPEED_SUPER, 5);
-  atLeast(ART_IDX.GEN_AC, 5);
-  atLeast(ART_IDX.GEN_TUNN, 5);
-  atLeast(ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_BRAND, 2);
-  atLeast(ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_SLAY, 1);
-  atLeast(ART_IDX.BOW_BRAND, 2);
-  atLeast(ART_IDX.BOW_SLAY, 2);
-  atLeast(ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_BLOWS, 1);
-  atLeast(ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_SHOTS, 1);
-  atLeast(ART_IDX.GEN_AC_SUPER, 5);
-  atLeast(ART_IDX.MELEE_AC, 5);
-  atLeast(ART_IDX.GEN_PSTUN, 3);
-
-  /* Cut aggravation frequencies in half since they're used twice. */
-  data.artProbs[ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_AGGR] = Math.trunc(
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_AGGR]! / 2,
-  );
-  data.artProbs[ART_IDX.WEAPON_AGGR] = Math.trunc(
-    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.WEAPON_AGGR]! / 2,
-  );
-}
-
-/**
- * parse_frequencies (obj-randart.c L1273): parse the artifacts and write
- * frequencies of their abilities and base object kinds, building the dynamic
- * generation probabilities.
- */
-export function parseFrequencies(reg: ObjRegistry, data: ArtifactSetData): void {
-  /* Zero the frequencies for artifact attributes. */
-  for (let i = 0; i < ART_IDX_TOTAL; i++) data.artProbs[i] = 0;
-
-  collectArtifactCounts(reg, data);
-
-  /* Big hack, reduce frequencies of sharp weapons. */
-  for (let i = 0; i < TV_MAX; i++) {
-    if (i === TV.SWORD || i === TV.POLEARM) {
-      data.tvProbs[i] = Math.trunc((data.tvProbs[i]! * 2) / 3);
-    }
-  }
-
-  /* Rescale frequencies. */
-  rescaleFreqs(data);
-
-  /* Perform any additional rescaling and adjustment. */
-  adjustFreqs(data);
-
-  /* Build a cumulative frequency table for tvals. */
-  for (let i = 0; i < TV_MAX; i++) {
-    for (let j = i; j < TV_MAX; j++) {
-      data.tvFreq[j] = (data.tvFreq[j] ?? 0) + (data.tvProbs[i] ?? 0);
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-/* Generation of a random artifact (header)                            */
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-
-/**
- * get_base_item_tval (obj-randart.c L1332): pick a random base item tval from
- * the original artifact tval frequencies.
- */
-export function getBaseItemTval(data: ArtifactSetData, rng: Rng): number {
-  let tval = 0;
-  const r = rng.randint1(data.tvFreq[TV_MAX - 1]!);
-  while (r > (data.tvFreq[tval] ?? 0)) {
-    tval++;
-  }
-  return tval;
-}
-
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-/* artifact_set_data allocation (obj-randart.c L2993)                  */
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-
-/** INHIBIT_POWER: the power ceiling above which arts are treated as uber. */
-const INHIBIT_POWER = 20000;
-
-/**
- * artifact_set_data_new (obj-randart.c L2993): allocate and initialize a new
- * artifact set data structure. Power/level/prob arrays are sized by the number
- * of artifact slots (a_max, i.e. reg.artifacts.length); the tval arrays by
- * TV_MAX and the ability array by ART_IDX_TOTAL.
- */
-export function artifactSetDataNew(reg: ObjRegistry): ArtifactSetData {
-  const aMax = reg.artifacts.length;
-  const zeros = (n: number): number[] => new Array<number>(n).fill(0);
-
-  return {
-    /* Mean start and increment values for to_hit, to_dam and AC. */
-    hitIncrement: 4,
-    damIncrement: 4,
-    hitStartval: 10,
-    damStartval: 10,
-    acStartval: 15,
-    acIncrement: 5,
-
-    artProbs: zeros(ART_IDX_TOTAL),
-    tvProbs: zeros(TV_MAX),
-    tvNum: zeros(TV_MAX),
-    bowTotal: 0,
-    meleeTotal: 0,
-    bootTotal: 0,
-    gloveTotal: 0,
-    headgearTotal: 0,
-    shieldTotal: 0,
-    cloakTotal: 0,
-    armorTotal: 0,
-    otherTotal: 0,
-    total: 0,
-    negPowerTotal: 0,
-
-    tvFreq: zeros(TV_MAX),
-
-    basePower: zeros(aMax),
-    maxPower: 0,
-    minPower: 0,
-    avgPower: 0,
-    varPower: 0,
-    avgTvPower: zeros(TV_MAX),
-    minTvPower: zeros(TV_MAX),
-    maxTvPower: zeros(TV_MAX),
-
-    baseItemLevel: zeros(aMax),
-    baseItemProb: zeros(aMax),
-    baseArtAlloc: zeros(aMax),
-  };
-}
-
-/**
- * Allocate an ArtifactSetData and run the measurement pipeline over the
- * registry's standard artifacts: store_base_power, then parse_frequencies
- * (which runs collect_artifact_data, rescale_freqs and adjust_freqs). Returns
- * the populated data. `rng` is threaded through for parity with upstream
- * do_randart (store_base_power's fake-object build consumes no RNG for the
- * standard, curse-free artifact set).
- */
-export function collectArtifactData(
-  reg: ObjRegistry,
-  rng: Rng,
-): ArtifactSetData {
-  void rng;
-  const data = artifactSetDataNew(reg);
-  storeBasePower(reg, data);
-  parseFrequencies(reg, data);
-  return data;
-}
+/**
+ * Random artifact generation: the data model and power-measurement half,
+ * ported from reference/src/obj-randart.c (Angband 4.2.6) lines 1-1332 plus
+ * the struct artifact_set_data allocator (obj-randart.c L2993) and the
+ * struct definition in obj-randart.h.
+ *
+ * This module ports the parts of the randart generator that measure the
+ * standard artifact set: it evaluates each artifact's power (artifactPower,
+ * upstream artifact_power), records the baseline power statistics
+ * (storeBasePower), tallies how often each ability appears (collectArtifactData
+ * and the count_* helpers), and rescales those tallies into generation
+ * frequencies (parseFrequencies / rescaleFreqs / adjustFreqs). The actual
+ * generation of new artifacts (do_randart and its helpers, obj-randart.c
+ * L1332+) is a separate, later port.
+ *
+ * Faithful notes / approximations:
+ * - The upstream file_putf(log_file, ...) logging is PORTED (PORT_TODO 5.5),
+ *   through the randartLog sink in ./randart-log.js. It never affects any
+ *   returned value, so a run with no log open behaves identically.
+ * - artifact_power (obj-randart.c L186) builds a "fake" object with
+ *   make_fake_artifact (obj-make.c L728) and calls object_power on it. It calls
+ *   the REAL one: obj/artifact-fake.ts, the same builder the knowledge browser
+ *   and the spoiler dump use, which is object_prep(kind, 0, MAXIMISE)
+ *   (obj-make.c L817) followed by copy_artifact_data (obj-make.c L520).
+ *   This file used to carry its own hand-written copy of that field mapping,
+ *   flattened into a PowerObject because object_power reads only a few fields.
+ *   Two hand-written copies of one C function agree until they do not, and the
+ *   divergence would have been silent and total (artifact_power drives the
+ *   whole design loop). It also cost the object_desc log line, which needs the
+ *   whole object. Both are gone: one builder, one field mapping.
+ * - The fake object's curse timeouts (copy_curses, obj-curse.c) are set from a
+ *   RANDOMISE roll upstream, and that roll DRAWS. The timeout never enters
+ *   object_power, so this file used to skip it and say no RNG was consumed;
+ *   that was measured on the standard artifact set (one curse in the whole
+ *   file) and was wrong during generation, where design_artifact re-powers an
+ *   artifact make_bad has just cursed. The rolls are made, in upstream's order,
+ *   by copyArtifactData itself now that the real builder does the work.
+ * - Upstream mean()/variance() (z-util.c L1389/L1516) are exact-rational
+ *   multi-precision routines; store_base_power calls them with a non-NULL frac,
+ *   which is the "round the result down" path. Both are now ported for real in
+ *   ../rational (saturation and all) and called through meanFloored /
+ *   varianceFloored below, rather than reimplemented here.
+ */
+
+import { randartLog, randartLogf } from "./randart-log.js";
+import { randartRegistry, seedRandart } from "./randart-registry.js";
+import { ELEM, KF, OBJ_MOD, OF, TV } from "../generated/index.js";
+import { ART_IDX } from "../generated/randart-properties.js";
+import type { Rng } from "../rng.js";
+import type { Constants } from "../constants.js";
+import type { ObjRegistry } from "./bind.js";
+import { tvalFindName } from "./bind.js";
+import type { CurseTimedFoil } from "./object.js";
+import { makeFakeArtifact } from "./artifact-fake.js";
+import { ODESC, objectDesc } from "./desc.js";
+import type { KnownDesc } from "./known-object.js";
+import { makeRuneEnv } from "./knowledge.js";
+import type { ActivationSummarizer } from "./randart-build.js";
+import { mean, variance } from "../rational.js";
+import { objectPower } from "./power.js";
+import type { Artifact, ElementInfo } from "./types.js";
+import { TV_MAX } from "./types.js";
+import type { RandomValue } from "../rng.js";
+
+/** ART_IDX_TOTAL: number of learned-probability slots (obj-randart.h). */
+const ART_IDX_TOTAL = ART_IDX.TOTAL;
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+/* struct artifact_set_data (obj-randart.h L59)                        */
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+
+/**
+ * struct artifact_set_data: everything the generator learns from the standard
+ * artifact set. Field names mirror the upstream struct (snake_case -> camelCase).
+ */
+export interface ArtifactSetData {
+  /* Mean start and increment values for to_hit, to_dam and AC. */
+  hitIncrement: number;
+  damIncrement: number;
+  hitStartval: number;
+  damStartval: number;
+  acStartval: number;
+  acIncrement: number;
+
+  /* Data structures for learned probabilities. */
+  artProbs: number[];
+  tvProbs: number[];
+  tvNum: number[];
+  bowTotal: number;
+  meleeTotal: number;
+  bootTotal: number;
+  gloveTotal: number;
+  headgearTotal: number;
+  shieldTotal: number;
+  cloakTotal: number;
+  armorTotal: number;
+  otherTotal: number;
+  total: number;
+  negPowerTotal: number;
+
+  /* Tval frequency values. */
+  tvFreq: number[];
+
+  /* Artifact power ratings. */
+  basePower: number[];
+  maxPower: number;
+  minPower: number;
+  avgPower: number;
+  varPower: number;
+  avgTvPower: number[];
+  minTvPower: number[];
+  maxTvPower: number[];
+
+  /* Base item levels. */
+  baseItemLevel: number[];
+
+  /* Base item rarities. */
+  baseItemProb: number[];
+
+  /* Artifact rarities. */
+  baseArtAlloc: number[];
+
+  /**
+   * The player-timed failure tables (timed effect NAME -> fail directives) for
+   * artifact_curse_conflicts' TIMED_INC foil rejection (obj-curse.c L267-296).
+   * Built by the game from the bound TimedEffect[]; absent => the foil branch
+   * is skipped (curses still filtered by explicit conflict flags). See gap 3.3.
+   */
+  timedFoil?: CurseTimedFoil | undefined;
+  /**
+   * effect_summarize_properties (effects-info.c) for
+   * remove_contradictory_activation's redundancy check (obj-randart.c L2420,
+   * gap 3.8). Lives in the effects domain; injected here. Absent => a redundant
+   * activation is never stripped (conservative). Wired from the effects layer.
+   */
+  activationSummarize?: ActivationSummarizer | undefined;
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+/* Arrays of indices by item type, used in frequency generation        */
+/* (obj-randart.c L52)                                                 */
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+
+const artIdxBow: readonly number[] = [
+  ART_IDX.BOW_SHOTS,
+  ART_IDX.BOW_MIGHT,
+  ART_IDX.BOW_BRAND,
+  ART_IDX.BOW_SLAY,
+];
+const artIdxWeapon: readonly number[] = [
+  ART_IDX.WEAPON_HIT,
+  ART_IDX.WEAPON_DAM,
+  ART_IDX.WEAPON_AGGR,
+];
+const artIdxNonweapon: readonly number[] = [
+  ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_HIT,
+  ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_DAM,
+  ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_HIT_DAM,
+  ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_AGGR,
+  ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_BRAND,
+  ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_SLAY,
+  ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_BLOWS,
+  ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_SHOTS,
+];
+const artIdxMelee: readonly number[] = [
+  ART_IDX.MELEE_BLESS,
+  ART_IDX.MELEE_SINV,
+  ART_IDX.MELEE_BRAND,
+  ART_IDX.MELEE_SLAY,
+  ART_IDX.MELEE_BLOWS,
+  ART_IDX.MELEE_AC,
+  ART_IDX.MELEE_DICE,
+  ART_IDX.MELEE_WEIGHT,
+  ART_IDX.MELEE_TUNN,
+];
+const artIdxAllarmor: readonly number[] = [ART_IDX.ALLARMOR_WEIGHT];
+const artIdxBoot: readonly number[] = [
+  ART_IDX.BOOT_AC,
+  ART_IDX.BOOT_FEATHER,
+  ART_IDX.BOOT_STEALTH,
+  ART_IDX.BOOT_TRAP_IMM,
+  ART_IDX.BOOT_SPEED,
+  ART_IDX.BOOT_MOVES,
+];
+const artIdxGlove: readonly number[] = [
+  ART_IDX.GLOVE_AC,
+  ART_IDX.GLOVE_HIT_DAM,
+  ART_IDX.GLOVE_FA,
+  ART_IDX.GLOVE_DEX,
+];
+const artIdxHeadgear: readonly number[] = [
+  ART_IDX.HELM_AC,
+  ART_IDX.HELM_RBLIND,
+  ART_IDX.HELM_ESP,
+  ART_IDX.HELM_SINV,
+  ART_IDX.HELM_WIS,
+  ART_IDX.HELM_INT,
+];
+const artIdxShield: readonly number[] = [
+  ART_IDX.SHIELD_AC,
+  ART_IDX.SHIELD_LRES,
+];
+const artIdxCloak: readonly number[] = [
+  ART_IDX.CLOAK_AC,
+  ART_IDX.CLOAK_STEALTH,
+];
+const artIdxArmor: readonly number[] = [
+  ART_IDX.ARMOR_AC,
+  ART_IDX.ARMOR_STEALTH,
+  ART_IDX.ARMOR_HLIFE,
+  ART_IDX.ARMOR_CON,
+  ART_IDX.ARMOR_LRES,
+  ART_IDX.ARMOR_ALLRES,
+  ART_IDX.ARMOR_HRES,
+];
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+/* Aspect helpers (pure; MAXIMISE/MINIMISE consume no RNG)             */
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+
+/** randcalc(v, 0, MINIMISE): base + dice (see rng.ts damcalc/mBonusCalc). */
+function rvMinimise(v: RandomValue): number {
+  return v.base + v.dice;
+}
+
+/** Number of set entries in a 1-based boolean slay/brand array, or 0. */
+function countTrue(arr: readonly boolean[] | null): number {
+  if (!arr) return 0;
+  let n = 0;
+  for (let i = 1; i < arr.length; i++) {
+    if (arr[i]) n++;
+  }
+  return n;
+}
+
+/**
+ * store_base_power's two statistics, at the call shape obj-randart.c L278-L282
+ * uses: mean(a, n, &frac) and variance(a, n, false, false, &frac), i.e. the
+ * FLOORED variants. The scratch fraction upstream passes is written and then
+ * ignored, so one shared throwaway stands in for it.
+ *
+ * These used to be local reimplementations here (plain floor division and
+ * (sum(x^2)*size - sum(x)^2) / size^2). They agreed with the C for artifact
+ * powers, but not at the rails: upstream's variance saturates at INT_MAX and
+ * upstream's mean floors toward negative infinity via a magnitude-and-fraction
+ * dance. ../rational is the real port, so the statistics now go through it.
+ */
+const SCRATCH_FRAC = { n: 0, d: 1 };
+
+function meanFloored(nums: readonly number[]): number {
+  return mean(nums, nums.length, SCRATCH_FRAC);
+}
+
+function varianceFloored(nums: readonly number[]): number {
+  return variance(nums, nums.length, false, false, SCRATCH_FRAC);
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+/* artifact_power (obj-randart.c L186)                                 */
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+/**
+ * artifact_power (obj-randart.c L186): the artifact's power, by generating a
+ * fake object from the artifact and calling the common object_power.
+ */
+export function artifactPower(
+  reg: ObjRegistry,
+  /**
+   * object_prep's z_info / player constants, reached upstream as globals. Only
+   * the real make_fake_artifact needs them, which is why this argument appears
+   * here at all: the flattened builder that used to live in this file could
+   * skip object_prep, and skipping object_prep is what let the two copies of
+   * one C function drift.
+   */
+  constants: Constants,
+  art: Artifact,
+  /**
+   * artifact_power's `reason` (obj-randart.c:186), which exists only to head
+   * the log block. REQUIRED rather than optional: upstream writes it out at
+   * every one of its four call sites, and a default here would silently label
+   * one evaluation as another in the log the argument exists to produce.
+   */
+  reason: string,
+  /**
+   * make_fake_artifact's copy_curses rolls a timeout per cursed slot and those
+   * rolls DRAW. Required, because a default would hand back a private Rng and
+   * silently restore the divergence this argument exists to close.
+   */
+  rng: Rng,
+): number {
+  randartLogf(() => `********** Evaluating ${reason} ********\n`);
+  randartLogf(() => `Artifact index is ${art.aidx}\n`);
+
+  const obj = makeFakeArtifact(reg, constants, art, rng);
+  if (!obj) return 0;
+
+  /*
+   * object_desc of the fake artifact (obj-randart.c L205-L206), with
+   * ODESC_PREFIX | ODESC_FULL | ODESC_SPOIL and a NULL player - upstream's own
+   * argument, and the reason this needs no knowledge state. A null player is
+   * an omniscient observer: objectDesc uses the object as its own known shadow
+   * and every gate opens, so the RuneEnv below is never asked a knowledge
+   * question. It supplies the registries and nothing else, and slot_object is
+   * null for every slot because there is no player to have equipment.
+   *
+   * The KnownDesc is equally thin, and deliberately says the honest thing
+   * rather than the convenient one: isAware/isTried are FALSE, exactly as
+   * upstream's kind->aware at this point in birth. It does not matter -- SPOIL
+   * forces `aware` true a line later, and obj_desc_get_basename returns
+   * kind->name for an artifact regardless -- but a KnownDesc that lied here
+   * would be a claim about the player, and this code has no player.
+   *
+   * Its format string is "%s\n", which has no literal span for the census in
+   * randart-log.census.test.ts to match, so this line was carried there as
+   * UNWRITTEN_SPANLESS = 1 for as long as it went unwritten. That count is now
+   * zero, which is the only reason the reassuring EXPECTED_MISSING_RANDART = 0
+   * can be read as "nothing left".
+   */
+  randartLogf(() => {
+    const env = makeRuneEnv(
+      () => null,
+      (v) => rng.randcalcVaries(v),
+      {
+        brands: reg.brands,
+        slays: reg.slays,
+        curses: reg.curses,
+        properties: reg.properties,
+        elementNames: (reg.projections ?? []).map((p) => p.name),
+      },
+    );
+    const deps: KnownDesc = { isAware: () => false, isTried: () => false };
+    const name = objectDesc(
+      obj,
+      ODESC.PREFIX | ODESC.FULL | ODESC.SPOIL,
+      null,
+      env,
+      deps,
+    );
+    return `${name}
+`;
+  });
+
+  return objectPower(reg, obj);
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+/* store_base_power (obj-randart.c L219)                               */
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+
+/**
+ * store_base_power (obj-randart.c L219): store the original artifact power
+ * ratings as a baseline, and capture the per-set and per-tval power statistics
+ * and base-item info.
+ */
+export function storeBasePower(
+  reg: ObjRegistry,
+  constants: Constants,
+  arts: readonly (Artifact | null)[],
+  data: ArtifactSetData,
+  rng: Rng,
+): void {
+  const aMax = arts.length;
+
+  data.maxPower = 0;
+  data.minPower = INHIBIT_POWER + 1;
+  data.varPower = 0;
+
+  const fakeTotalPower: number[] = [];
+  const fakeTvPower: number[][] = [];
+  for (let i = 0; i < TV_MAX; i++) {
+    fakeTvPower.push([]);
+    data.minTvPower[i] = INHIBIT_POWER + 1;
+    data.maxTvPower[i] = 0;
+  }
+
+  for (let i = 0; i < aMax; i++) {
+    const art = arts[i] ?? null;
+    const power = art
+      ? artifactPower(reg, constants, art, "for original power", rng)
+      : 0;
+    data.basePower[i] = power;
+
+    /* Capture power stats, ignoring cursed and uber arts. */
+    if (power > data.maxPower && power < INHIBIT_POWER) {
+      data.maxPower = power;
+    }
+    if (power < data.minPower && power > 0) {
+      data.minPower = power;
+    }
+    if (power > 0 && power < INHIBIT_POWER && art) {
+      const tval = art.tval;
+      fakeTotalPower.push(power);
+      fakeTvPower[tval]!.push(power);
+      data.tvNum[tval] = (data.tvNum[tval] ?? 0) + 1;
+      if (power < (data.minTvPower[tval] ?? 0)) data.minTvPower[tval] = power;
+      if (power > (data.maxTvPower[tval] ?? 0)) data.maxTvPower[tval] = power;
+    }
+    if (power < 0) {
+      data.negPowerTotal++;
+    }
+
+    if (!power || !art) continue;
+    const kind = reg.lookupKind(art.tval, art.sval);
+    if (!kind) continue;
+    data.baseItemLevel[i] = kind.level;
+    data.baseItemProb[i] = kind.allocProb;
+    data.baseArtAlloc[i] = art.allocProb;
+  }
+
+  /* Round the result down (upstream passes frac but ignores it). */
+  data.avgPower = meanFloored(fakeTotalPower);
+  data.varPower = varianceFloored(fakeTotalPower);
+  for (let i = 0; i < TV_MAX; i++) {
+    if (data.tvNum[i]) {
+      data.avgTvPower[i] = meanFloored(fakeTvPower[i]!);
+    }
+  }
+
+  randartLogf(
+    () =>
+      `Max power is ${String(data.maxPower)}, min is ${String(data.minPower)}\n`,
+  );
+  randartLogf(
+    () =>
+      `Mean is ${String(data.avgPower)}, variance is ${String(data.varPower)}\n`,
+  );
+  for (let i = 0; i < TV_MAX; i++) {
+    if (data.avgTvPower[i]) {
+      randartLogf(
+        () =>
+          `Power for tval ${tvalFindName(i)}: min ${String(data.minTvPower[i])}, max ${String(data.maxTvPower[i])}, avg ${String(data.avgTvPower[i])}\n`,
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* Store the number of different types, for use later. */
+  for (let i = 0; i < aMax; i++) {
+    const art = arts[i] ?? null;
+    const tval = art ? art.tval : TV.NULL;
+    /* The upstream switch on tval is now the randart registry's `census`
+     * table. This is not bookkeeping: the totals feed the frequency table the
+     * design loop SPENDS, so a mod's item class landing in `otherTotal` skews
+     * what every randart in the game becomes. An unregistered tval counts
+     * toward `otherTotal`, which is upstream's own default arm. */
+    const bucket = randartRegistry().census.handlerFor(tval);
+    if (bucket) bucket(data);
+    else data.otherTotal++;
+    data.total++;
+  }
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ *
+ * Core's item-class census buckets, lifted case by case.
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+
+seedRandart((registry) => {
+  const bucket = (
+    tvals: readonly number[],
+    count: (data: ArtifactSetData) => void,
+  ): void => {
+    for (const tval of tvals) registry.census.set(tval, count);
+  };
+
+  bucket([TV.SWORD, TV.POLEARM, TV.HAFTED], (d) => {
+    d.meleeTotal++;
+  });
+  bucket([TV.BOW], (d) => {
+    d.bowTotal++;
+  });
+  bucket([TV.SOFT_ARMOR, TV.HARD_ARMOR, TV.DRAG_ARMOR], (d) => {
+    d.armorTotal++;
+  });
+  bucket([TV.SHIELD], (d) => {
+    d.shieldTotal++;
+  });
+  bucket([TV.CLOAK], (d) => {
+    d.cloakTotal++;
+  });
+  bucket([TV.HELM, TV.CROWN], (d) => {
+    d.headgearTotal++;
+  });
+  bucket([TV.GLOVES], (d) => {
+    d.gloveTotal++;
+  });
+  bucket([TV.BOOTS], (d) => {
+    d.bootTotal++;
+  });
+  /* An EMPTY artifact slot, registered explicitly rather than left to the
+   * default: upstream distinguishes "no artifact here" (counts toward nothing)
+   * from "an item class I have no bucket for" (counts toward otherTotal), and
+   * the default arm can only express the second. */
+  bucket([TV.NULL], () => {
+    /* deliberately nothing */
+  });
+});
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+/* Ability counters (obj-randart.c L342-L1053)                         */
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+
+/**
+ * count_weapon_abilities (obj-randart.c L342): handle weapon combat abilities.
+ */
+export function countWeaponAbilities(
+  reg: ObjRegistry,
+  art: Artifact,
+  data: ArtifactSetData,
+): void {
+  const kind = reg.lookupKind(art.tval, art.sval);
+  if (!kind) return;
+  const minToH = rvMinimise(kind.toH);
+  const minToD = rvMinimise(kind.toD);
+  const minToA = rvMinimise(kind.toA);
+
+  /* To-hit and to-dam. */
+  let bonus = Math.trunc(
+    (art.toH - minToH - data.hitStartval) / data.hitIncrement,
+  );
+  if (bonus > 0) {
+    randartLogf(
+      () => `Adding ${bonus} instances of extra to-hit bonus for weapon\n`,
+    );
+  } else if (bonus < 0) {
+    randartLogf(
+      () => `Subtracting ${bonus} instances of extra to-hit bonus for weapon\n`,
+    );
+  }
+  data.artProbs[ART_IDX.WEAPON_HIT]! += bonus;
+
+  bonus = Math.trunc((art.toD - minToD - data.damStartval) / data.damIncrement);
+  /* Asymmetric with to-hit ON PURPOSE: the to-dam arm has no `< 0` test, so a
+   * bonus of exactly 0 logs "Subtracting 0" (obj-randart.c L359-363). */
+  if (bonus > 0) {
+    randartLogf(
+      () => `Adding ${bonus} instances of extra to-dam bonus for weapon\n`,
+    );
+  } else {
+    randartLogf(
+      () => `Subtracting ${bonus} instances of extra to-dam bonus for weapon\n`,
+    );
+  }
+  data.artProbs[ART_IDX.WEAPON_DAM]! += bonus;
+
+  /* Does this weapon have an unusual bonus to AC? */
+  bonus = Math.trunc((art.toA - minToA) / data.acIncrement);
+  if (art.toA > 20) {
+    randartLogf(() => `Adding ${bonus} for supercharged AC\n`);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_AC_SUPER]!++;
+  } else if (bonus > 0) {
+    randartLogf(
+      () => `Adding ${bonus} instances of extra AC bonus for weapon\n`,
+    );
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_AC]! += bonus;
+  }
+
+  /* Check damage dice - are they more than normal? */
+  if (art.dd > kind.dd) {
+    if (art.dd - kind.dd > 2) {
+      randartLog(`Adding 1 for super-charged damage dice!\n`);
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_DICE_SUPER]!++;
+    } else {
+      randartLog(`Adding 1 for extra damage dice.\n`);
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_DICE]!++;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* Check weight - is it different from normal? */
+  if (art.weight !== kind.weight) {
+    randartLog(`Adding 1 for unusual weight.\n`);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_WEIGHT]!++;
+  }
+
+  /* Do we have 3 or more extra blows? */
+  const blows = art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.BLOWS] ?? 0;
+  if (blows > 2) {
+    randartLog(`Adding 1 for supercharged blows (3 or more!)\n`);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_BLOWS_SUPER]!++;
+  } else if (blows > 0) {
+    randartLog(`Adding 1 for extra blows\n`);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_BLOWS]!++;
+  }
+
+  /* Aggravation. */
+  if (art.flags.has(OF.AGGRAVATE)) {
+    randartLog(`Adding 1 for aggravation - weapon\n`);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.WEAPON_AGGR]!++;
+  }
+
+  /* Blessed weapon? */
+  if (art.flags.has(OF.BLESSED)) {
+    randartLog(`Adding 1 for blessed weapon\n`);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_BLESS]!++;
+  }
+
+  /* See invisible? */
+  if (art.flags.has(OF.SEE_INVIS)) {
+    randartLog(`Adding 1 for see invisible (weapon case)\n`);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_SINV]!++;
+  }
+
+  /* Tunnelling ability. */
+  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.TUNNEL] ?? 0) > 0) {
+    randartLog(`Adding 1 for tunnelling bonus.\n`);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_TUNN]!++;
+  }
+
+  /* Count brands and slays. */
+  if (art.slays) {
+    const n = countTrue(art.slays);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_SLAY]! += n;
+    randartLogf(() => `Adding ${n} for slays\n`);
+  }
+  if (art.brands) {
+    const n = countTrue(art.brands);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.MELEE_BRAND]! += n;
+    randartLogf(() => `Adding ${n} for brands\n`);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * count_bow_abilities (obj-randart.c L444): count combat abilities on bows.
+ */
+export function countBowAbilities(
+  reg: ObjRegistry,
+  art: Artifact,
+  data: ArtifactSetData,
+): void {
+  const kind = reg.lookupKind(art.tval, art.sval);
+  if (!kind) return;
+  const minToH = rvMinimise(kind.toH);
+  const minToD = rvMinimise(kind.toD);
+  const minToA = rvMinimise(kind.toA);
+
+  /* To-hit. */
+  let bonus = Math.trunc(
+    (art.toH - minToH - data.hitStartval) / data.hitIncrement,
+  );
+  if (bonus > 0) {
+    randartLogf(
+      () => `Adding ${bonus} instances of extra to-hit bonus for weapon\n`,
+    );
+  } else if (bonus < 0) {
+    randartLogf(
+      () => `Subtracting ${bonus} instances of extra to-hit bonus for weapon\n`,
+    );
+  }
+  data.artProbs[ART_IDX.WEAPON_HIT]! += bonus;
+
+  /* To-dam. */
+  bonus = Math.trunc((art.toD - minToD - data.damStartval) / data.damIncrement);
+  /* Plain `else`, as in count_weapon_abilities: the to-dam arm has no `< 0`
+   * test either here (obj-randart.c L461-466), so a bonus of exactly 0 logs
+   * "Subtracting 0". The to-hit arm above DOES have one. */
+  if (bonus > 0) {
+    randartLogf(
+      () => `Adding ${bonus} instances of extra to-dam bonus for weapon\n`,
+    );
+  } else {
+    randartLogf(
+      () => `Subtracting ${bonus} instances of extra to-dam bonus for weapon\n`,
+    );
+  }
+  data.artProbs[ART_IDX.WEAPON_DAM]! += bonus;
+
+  /* Armor class. */
+  bonus = Math.trunc((art.toA - minToA - data.acStartval) / data.acIncrement);
+  if (bonus > 0) {
+    randartLogf(() => `Adding ${bonus} for AC bonus - general\n`);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_AC]! += bonus;
+  }
+
+  /* Aggravation. */
+  if (art.flags.has(OF.AGGRAVATE)) {
+    randartLog(`Adding 1 for aggravation - weapon\n`);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.WEAPON_AGGR]!++;
+  }
+
+  /* Do we have more than 1 extra shot? */
+  const shots = art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.SHOTS] ?? 0;
+  if (shots > 10) {
+    randartLog(`Adding 1 for supercharged shots (more than 1!)\n`);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOW_SHOTS_SUPER]!++;
+  } else if (shots > 0) {
+    randartLog(`Adding 1 for extra shots\n`);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOW_SHOTS]!++;
+  }
+
+  /* Do we have 3 or more extra might? */
+  const might = art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.MIGHT] ?? 0;
+  if (might > 2) {
+    randartLog(`Adding 1 for supercharged might (3 or more!)\n`);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOW_MIGHT_SUPER]!++;
+  } else if (might > 0) {
+    randartLog(`Adding 1 for extra might\n`);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOW_MIGHT]!++;
+  }
+
+  /* Count brands and slays. */
+  if (art.slays) {
+    const n = countTrue(art.slays);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOW_SLAY]! += n;
+    randartLogf(() => `Adding ${n} for slays\n`);
+  }
+  if (art.brands) {
+    const n = countTrue(art.brands);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOW_BRAND]! += n;
+    randartLogf(() => `Adding ${n} for brands\n`);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * count_nonweapon_abilities (obj-randart.c L516): handle nonweapon combat
+ * abilities.
+ */
+export function countNonweaponAbilities(
+  reg: ObjRegistry,
+  art: Artifact,
+  data: ArtifactSetData,
+): void {
+  const kind = reg.lookupKind(art.tval, art.sval);
+  if (!kind) return;
+  const toHit = art.toH - rvMinimise(kind.toH);
+  const toDam = art.toD - rvMinimise(kind.toD);
+  const toA = art.toA - rvMinimise(kind.toA) - data.acStartval;
+  let bonus = Math.trunc(toA / data.acIncrement);
+
+  /* Armor class. */
+  if (bonus > 0) {
+    if (art.toA > 20) {
+      randartLogf(() => `Adding ${bonus} for supercharged AC\n`);
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_AC_SUPER]!++;
+    } else if (art.tval === TV.BOOTS) {
+      randartLogf(() => `Adding ${bonus} for AC bonus - boots\n`);
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOOT_AC]! += bonus;
+    } else if (art.tval === TV.GLOVES) {
+      randartLogf(() => `Adding ${bonus} for AC bonus - gloves\n`);
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GLOVE_AC]! += bonus;
+    } else if (art.tval === TV.HELM || art.tval === TV.CROWN) {
+      randartLogf(() => `Adding ${bonus} for AC bonus - hat\n`);
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.HELM_AC]! += bonus;
+    } else if (art.tval === TV.SHIELD) {
+      randartLogf(() => `Adding ${bonus} for AC bonus - shield\n`);
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.SHIELD_AC]! += bonus;
+    } else if (art.tval === TV.CLOAK) {
+      randartLogf(() => `Adding ${bonus} for AC bonus - cloak\n`);
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.CLOAK_AC]! += bonus;
+    } else if (
+      art.tval === TV.SOFT_ARMOR ||
+      art.tval === TV.HARD_ARMOR ||
+      art.tval === TV.DRAG_ARMOR
+    ) {
+      randartLogf(() => `Adding ${bonus} for AC bonus - body armor\n`);
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.ARMOR_AC]! += bonus;
+    } else {
+      randartLogf(() => `Adding ${bonus} for AC bonus - general\n`);
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_AC]! += bonus;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* To hit and dam bonuses. */
+  if (toHit > 0 && toDam > 0) {
+    bonus = Math.trunc(
+      (toHit + toDam) / (data.hitIncrement + data.damIncrement),
+    );
+    if (bonus > 0) {
+      if (art.tval === TV.GLOVES) {
+        randartLogf(
+          () =>
+            `Adding ${bonus} instances of extra to-hit and to-dam bonus for gloves\n`,
+        );
+        data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GLOVE_HIT_DAM]! += bonus;
+      } else {
+        randartLogf(
+          () =>
+            `Adding ${bonus} instances of extra to-hit and to-dam bonus for non-weapon\n`,
+        );
+        data.artProbs[ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_HIT_DAM]! += bonus;
+      }
+    }
+  } else if (toHit > 0) {
+    bonus = Math.trunc(toHit / data.hitIncrement);
+    if (bonus > 0) {
+      randartLogf(
+        () => `Adding ${bonus} instances of extra to-hit bonus for non-weapon\n`,
+      );
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_HIT]! += bonus;
+    }
+  } else if (toDam > 0) {
+    bonus = Math.trunc(toDam / data.damIncrement);
+    if (bonus > 0) {
+      randartLogf(
+        () => `Adding ${bonus} instances of extra to-dam bonus for non-weapon\n`,
+      );
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_DAM]! += bonus;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* Check weight - is it different from normal? */
+  if (art.weight !== kind.weight) {
+    randartLog(`Adding 1 for unusual weight.\n`);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.ALLARMOR_WEIGHT]!++;
+  }
+
+  /* Aggravation. */
+  if (art.flags.has(OF.AGGRAVATE)) {
+    randartLog(`Adding 1 for aggravation - nonweapon\n`);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_AGGR]!++;
+  }
+
+  /* Count brands and slays. */
+  if (art.slays) {
+    const n = countTrue(art.slays);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_SLAY]! += n;
+    randartLogf(() => `Adding ${n} for slays\n`);
+  }
+  if (art.brands) {
+    const n = countTrue(art.brands);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_BRAND]! += n;
+    randartLogf(() => `Adding ${n} for brands\n`);
+  }
+
+  /* Blows. */
+  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.BLOWS] ?? 0) > 0) {
+    randartLog(`Adding 1 for extra blows on nonweapon\n`);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_BLOWS]!++;
+  }
+
+  /* Shots. */
+  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.SHOTS] ?? 0) > 0) {
+    randartLog(`Adding 1 for extra shots on nonweapon\n`);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_SHOTS]!++;
+  }
+
+  /* Tunnelling ability. */
+  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.TUNNEL] ?? 0) > 0) {
+    randartLog(`Adding 1 for tunnelling bonus - general.\n`);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_TUNN]!++;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * count_modifiers (obj-randart.c L630): count stat and other modifier bonuses.
+ */
+export function countModifiers(art: Artifact, data: ArtifactSetData): void {
+  let num = 0;
+
+  /* Stat bonuses. Add up the number of individual bonuses. */
+  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.STR] ?? 0) > 0) num++;
+  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.INT] ?? 0) > 0) num++;
+  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.WIS] ?? 0) > 0) num++;
+  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.DEX] ?? 0) > 0) num++;
+  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.CON] ?? 0) > 0) num++;
+
+  /* Handle a few special cases separately. */
+  if (
+    (art.tval === TV.HELM || art.tval === TV.CROWN) &&
+    ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.WIS] ?? 0) > 0 ||
+      (art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.INT] ?? 0) > 0)
+  ) {
+    if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.WIS] ?? 0) > 0) {
+      randartLog("Adding 1 for WIS bonus on headgear.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.HELM_WIS]!++;
+      num--;
+    }
+    if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.INT] ?? 0) > 0) {
+      randartLog("Adding 1 for INT bonus on headgear.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.HELM_INT]!++;
+      num--;
+    }
+  } else if (
+    (art.tval === TV.SOFT_ARMOR ||
+      art.tval === TV.HARD_ARMOR ||
+      art.tval === TV.DRAG_ARMOR) &&
+    (art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.CON] ?? 0) > 0
+  ) {
+    randartLog("Adding 1 for CON bonus on body armor.\n");
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.ARMOR_CON]!++;
+    num--;
+  } else if (art.tval === TV.GLOVES && (art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.DEX] ?? 0) > 0) {
+    randartLog("Adding 1 for DEX bonus on gloves.\n");
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GLOVE_DEX]!++;
+    num--;
+  }
+
+  /* Now the general case. */
+  if (num > 0) {
+    randartLogf(() => `Adding ${num} for stat bonuses - general.\n`);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_STAT]! += num;
+  }
+
+  /* Handle stealth, including a couple of special cases. */
+  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.STEALTH] ?? 0) > 0) {
+    if (art.tval === TV.BOOTS) {
+      randartLog("Adding 1 for stealth bonus on boots.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOOT_STEALTH]!++;
+    } else if (art.tval === TV.CLOAK) {
+      randartLog("Adding 1 for stealth bonus on cloak.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.CLOAK_STEALTH]!++;
+    } else if (
+      art.tval === TV.SOFT_ARMOR ||
+      art.tval === TV.HARD_ARMOR ||
+      art.tval === TV.DRAG_ARMOR
+    ) {
+      randartLog("Adding 1 for stealth bonus on armor.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.ARMOR_STEALTH]!++;
+    } else {
+      randartLog("Adding 1 for stealth bonus - general.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_STEALTH]!++;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* Searching bonus - fully generic. */
+  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.SEARCH] ?? 0) > 0) {
+    randartLog("Adding 1 for search bonus - general.\n");
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_SEARCH]!++;
+  }
+
+  /* Infravision bonus - fully generic. */
+  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.INFRA] ?? 0) > 0) {
+    randartLog("Adding 1 for infravision bonus - general.\n");
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_INFRA]!++;
+  }
+
+  /* Damage reduction bonus - fully generic. */
+  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.DAM_RED] ?? 0) > 0) {
+    randartLog("Adding 1 for damage reduction bonus - general.\n");
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_DAM_RED]!++;
+  }
+
+  /* Moves bonus. */
+  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.MOVES] ?? 0) > 0) {
+    if (art.tval === TV.BOOTS) {
+      randartLog("Adding 1 for moves bonus on boots.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOOT_MOVES]!++;
+    } else {
+      randartLog("Adding 1 for moves bonus - general.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_MOVES]!++;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* Speed - boots handled separately, supercharge shares its frequency. */
+  const speed = art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.SPEED] ?? 0;
+  if (speed > 0) {
+    if (speed > 7) {
+      randartLog("Adding 1 for supercharged speed bonus!\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_SPEED_SUPER]!++;
+    } else if (art.tval === TV.BOOTS) {
+      randartLog("Adding 1 for normal speed bonus on boots.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOOT_SPEED]!++;
+    } else {
+      randartLog("Adding 1 for normal speed bonus - general.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_SPEED]!++;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* Permanent light. */
+  if ((art.modifiers[OBJ_MOD.LIGHT] ?? 0) > 0) {
+    randartLog("Adding 1 for light radius - general.\n");
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_LIGHT]!++;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * count_low_resists (obj-randart.c L764): count low resists and immunities.
+ */
+export function countLowResists(art: Artifact, data: ArtifactSetData): void {
+  let num = 0;
+
+  /* Count up immunities for this item, if any. */
+  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.ACID] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 3) num++;
+  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.ELEC] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 3) num++;
+  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.FIRE] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 3) num++;
+  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.COLD] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 3) num++;
+
+  randartLogf(() => `Adding ${num} for immunities.\n`);
+  data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_IMMUNE]! += num;
+
+  /* Count up low resists (not the type, just the number). */
+  num = 0;
+  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.ACID] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
+  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.ELEC] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
+  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.FIRE] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
+  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.COLD] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
+
+  if (num) {
+    if (art.tval === TV.SHIELD) {
+      randartLogf(() => `Adding ${num} for low resists on shield.\n`);
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.SHIELD_LRES]! += num;
+    } else if (
+      art.tval === TV.SOFT_ARMOR ||
+      art.tval === TV.HARD_ARMOR ||
+      art.tval === TV.DRAG_ARMOR
+    ) {
+      if (num === 4) {
+        randartLog("Adding 1 for ALL LOW RESISTS on body armor.\n");
+        data.artProbs[ART_IDX.ARMOR_ALLRES]!++;
+      } else {
+        randartLogf(() => `Adding ${num} for low resists on body armor.\n`);
+        data.artProbs[ART_IDX.ARMOR_LRES]! += num;
+      }
+    } else {
+      randartLogf(() => `Adding ${num} for low resists - general.\n`);
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_LRES]! += num;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * count_high_resists (obj-randart.c L816): count high resists and protections.
+ */
+export function countHighResists(art: Artifact, data: ArtifactSetData): void {
+  let num = 0;
+
+  /* Body armor: count all high resists as an aggregate first. */
+  if (
+    art.tval === TV.SOFT_ARMOR ||
+    art.tval === TV.HARD_ARMOR ||
+    art.tval === TV.DRAG_ARMOR
+  ) {
+    if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.POIS] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
+    if (art.flags.has(OF.PROT_FEAR)) num++;
+    if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.LIGHT] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
+    if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.DARK] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
+    if (art.flags.has(OF.PROT_BLIND)) num++;
+    if (art.flags.has(OF.PROT_CONF)) num++;
+    if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.SOUND] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
+    if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.SHARD] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
+    if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.NEXUS] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
+    if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.NETHER] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
+    if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.CHAOS] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
+    if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.DISEN] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) num++;
+    if (art.flags.has(OF.PROT_STUN)) num++;
+    randartLogf(() => `Adding ${num} for high resists on body armor.\n`);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.ARMOR_HRES]! += num;
+  }
+
+  /* Now do the high resists individually. */
+  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.POIS] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) {
+    randartLog("Adding 1 for resist poison - general.\n");
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RPOIS]!++;
+  }
+  if (art.flags.has(OF.PROT_FEAR)) {
+    randartLog("Adding 1 for resist fear - general.\n");
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RFEAR]!++;
+  }
+  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.LIGHT] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) {
+    randartLog("Adding 1 for resist light - general.\n");
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RLIGHT]!++;
+  }
+  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.DARK] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) {
+    randartLog("Adding 1 for resist dark - general.\n");
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RDARK]!++;
+  }
+  if (art.flags.has(OF.PROT_BLIND)) {
+    if (art.tval === TV.HELM || art.tval === TV.CROWN) {
+      randartLog("Adding 1 for resist blindness - headgear.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.HELM_RBLIND]!++;
+    } else {
+      randartLog("Adding 1 for resist blindness - general.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RBLIND]!++;
+    }
+  }
+  if (art.flags.has(OF.PROT_CONF)) {
+    randartLog("Adding 1 for resist confusion - general.\n");
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RCONF]!++;
+  }
+  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.SOUND] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) {
+    randartLog("Adding 1 for resist sound - general.\n");
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RSOUND]!++;
+  }
+  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.SHARD] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) {
+    randartLog("Adding 1 for resist shards - general.\n");
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RSHARD]!++;
+  }
+  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.NEXUS] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) {
+    randartLog("Adding 1 for resist nexus - general.\n");
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RNEXUS]!++;
+  }
+  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.NETHER] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) {
+    randartLog("Adding 1 for resist nether - general.\n");
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RNETHER]!++;
+  }
+  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.CHAOS] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) {
+    randartLog("Adding 1 for resist chaos - general.\n");
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RCHAOS]!++;
+  }
+  if ((art.elInfo[ELEM.DISEN] as ElementInfo).resLevel === 1) {
+    randartLog("Adding 1 for resist disenchantment - general.\n");
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_RDISEN]!++;
+  }
+  if (art.flags.has(OF.PROT_STUN)) {
+    randartLog("Adding 1 for res_stun - general.\n");
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_PSTUN]!++;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * count_abilities (obj-randart.c L943): general abilities, adding some to a
+ * specific item-type tally depending on the base item.
+ */
+export function countAbilities(
+  reg: ObjRegistry,
+  art: Artifact,
+  data: ArtifactSetData,
+): void {
+  const kind = reg.lookupKind(art.tval, art.sval);
+
+  /* Sustains. */
+  if (
+    art.flags.has(OF.SUST_STR) ||
+    art.flags.has(OF.SUST_INT) ||
+    art.flags.has(OF.SUST_WIS) ||
+    art.flags.has(OF.SUST_DEX) ||
+    art.flags.has(OF.SUST_CON)
+  ) {
+    let num = 0;
+    if (art.flags.has(OF.SUST_STR)) num++;
+    if (art.flags.has(OF.SUST_INT)) num++;
+    if (art.flags.has(OF.SUST_WIS)) num++;
+    if (art.flags.has(OF.SUST_DEX)) num++;
+    if (art.flags.has(OF.SUST_CON)) num++;
+    randartLogf(() => `Adding ${num} for stat sustains.\n`);
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_SUST]! += num;
+  }
+
+  /* Free action - handle gloves separately. */
+  if (art.flags.has(OF.FREE_ACT)) {
+    if (art.tval === TV.GLOVES) {
+      randartLog("Adding 1 for free action on gloves.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GLOVE_FA]!++;
+    } else {
+      randartLog("Adding 1 for free action - general.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_FA]!++;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* Hold life - do body armor separately. */
+  if (art.flags.has(OF.HOLD_LIFE)) {
+    if (
+      art.tval === TV.SOFT_ARMOR ||
+      art.tval === TV.HARD_ARMOR ||
+      art.tval === TV.DRAG_ARMOR
+    ) {
+      randartLog("Adding 1 for hold life on armor.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.ARMOR_HLIFE]!++;
+    } else {
+      randartLog("Adding 1 for hold life - general.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_HLIFE]!++;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* Feather fall - handle boots separately. */
+  if (art.flags.has(OF.FEATHER)) {
+    if (art.tval === TV.BOOTS) {
+      randartLog("Adding 1 for feather fall on boots.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOOT_FEATHER]!++;
+    } else {
+      randartLog("Adding 1 for feather fall - general.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_FEATHER]!++;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* See invisible - do helms/crowns separately (weapons already handled). */
+  if (art.flags.has(OF.SEE_INVIS)) {
+    if (
+      !(
+        art.tval === TV.DIGGING ||
+        art.tval === TV.HAFTED ||
+        art.tval === TV.POLEARM ||
+        art.tval === TV.SWORD
+      )
+    ) {
+      if (art.tval === TV.HELM || art.tval === TV.CROWN) {
+        randartLog("Adding 1 for see invisible - headgear.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.HELM_SINV]!++;
+      } else {
+        randartLog("Adding 1 for see invisible - general.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_SINV]!++;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* ESP - handle helms/crowns separately. */
+  if (art.flags.has(OF.TELEPATHY)) {
+    if (art.tval === TV.HELM || art.tval === TV.CROWN) {
+      randartLog("Adding 1 for ESP on headgear.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.HELM_ESP]!++;
+    } else {
+      randartLog("Adding 1 for ESP - general.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_ESP]!++;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* Slow digestion - generic. */
+  if (art.flags.has(OF.SLOW_DIGEST)) {
+    randartLog("Adding 1 for slow digestion - general.\n");
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_SDIG]!++;
+  }
+
+  /* Regeneration - generic. */
+  if (art.flags.has(OF.REGEN)) {
+    randartLog("Adding 1 for regeneration - general.\n");
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_REGEN]!++;
+  }
+
+  /* Trap immunity - handle boots separately. */
+  if (art.flags.has(OF.TRAP_IMMUNE)) {
+    if (art.tval === TV.BOOTS) {
+      randartLog("Adding 1 for trap immunity on boots.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.BOOT_TRAP_IMM]!++;
+    } else {
+      randartLog("Adding 1 for trap immunity - general.\n");
+      data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_TRAP_IMM]!++;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* Activation. */
+  if (art.activation || kind?.activation) {
+    randartLog("Adding 1 for activation.\n");
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.GEN_ACTIV]!++;
+  }
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+/* collect_artifact_data (obj-randart.c L1059)                         */
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+
+/**
+ * collect_artifact_data (obj-randart.c L1059): parse the standard artifacts and
+ * count up the frequencies of the various abilities.
+ */
+export function collectArtifactCounts(
+  reg: ObjRegistry,
+  arts: readonly (Artifact | null)[],
+  data: ArtifactSetData,
+): void {
+  const aMax = arts.length;
+
+  for (let i = 0; i < aMax; i++) {
+    const art = arts[i] ?? null;
+
+    /* obj-randart.c:1066-1067 logs the index BEFORE any skip, so a cursed,
+     * tval-0 or absent entry still prints its line. Upstream reads a_info[i]
+     * out of a dense array and never has a null to guard, so the port's own
+     * null check has to come after this to keep the counts aligned. */
+    randartLogf(() => `Current artifact index is ${i}\n`);
+    if (!art) continue;
+
+    /* Don't parse cursed or null items. */
+    if ((data.basePower[i] ?? 0) < 0 || art.tval === 0) continue;
+
+    const kind = reg.lookupKind(art.tval, art.sval);
+    if (!kind) continue;
+
+    /* Special cases -- don't parse these! */
+    if (art.name.includes("The One Ring") || kind.kindFlags.has(KF.QUEST_ART)) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    /* Add the base item tval to the tv_probs array. */
+    data.tvProbs[kind.tval] = (data.tvProbs[kind.tval] ?? 0) + 1;
+    randartLogf(() => `Base item is ${kind.kidx}\n`);
+
+    /* Count combat abilities broken up by type. */
+    if (
+      art.tval === TV.DIGGING ||
+      art.tval === TV.HAFTED ||
+      art.tval === TV.POLEARM ||
+      art.tval === TV.SWORD
+    ) {
+      countWeaponAbilities(reg, art, data);
+    } else if (art.tval === TV.BOW) {
+      countBowAbilities(reg, art, data);
+    } else {
+      countNonweaponAbilities(reg, art, data);
+    }
+
+    /* Count other properties. */
+    countModifiers(art, data);
+    countLowResists(art, data);
+    countHighResists(art, data);
+    countAbilities(reg, art, data);
+  }
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+/* Frequency rescaling (obj-randart.c L1124-L1265)                     */
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+
+/** Rescale one index group by total / denom (integer division, in place). */
+function rescaleGroup(
+  data: ArtifactSetData,
+  group: readonly number[],
+  denom: number,
+): void {
+  for (const idx of group) {
+    data.artProbs[idx] = Math.trunc((data.artProbs[idx]! * data.total) / denom);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * rescale_freqs (obj-randart.c L1124): rescale item-dependent ability
+ * frequencies as though the whole set were made of that item type, so
+ * dependent and independent abilities become comparable.
+ */
+export function rescaleFreqs(data: ArtifactSetData): void {
+  /* Bow-only abilities. */
+  rescaleGroup(data, artIdxBow, data.bowTotal);
+
+  /* All weapon abilities. */
+  rescaleGroup(data, artIdxWeapon, data.bowTotal + data.meleeTotal);
+
+  /* Corresponding non-weapon abilities. */
+  const nonweaponDenom = data.total - data.meleeTotal - data.bowTotal;
+  rescaleGroup(data, artIdxNonweapon, nonweaponDenom);
+
+  /* All melee weapon abilities. */
+  rescaleGroup(data, artIdxMelee, data.meleeTotal);
+
+  /* All general armor abilities. */
+  const allArmorDenom =
+    data.armorTotal +
+    data.bootTotal +
+    data.shieldTotal +
+    data.headgearTotal +
+    data.cloakTotal +
+    data.gloveTotal;
+  rescaleGroup(data, artIdxAllarmor, allArmorDenom);
+
+  /* Boots. */
+  rescaleGroup(data, artIdxBoot, data.bootTotal);
+  /* Gloves. */
+  rescaleGroup(data, artIdxGlove, data.gloveTotal);
+  /* Headgear. */
+  rescaleGroup(data, artIdxHeadgear, data.headgearTotal);
+  /* Shields. */
+  rescaleGroup(data, artIdxShield, data.shieldTotal);
+  /* Cloaks. */
+  rescaleGroup(data, artIdxCloak, data.cloakTotal);
+  /* Body armor. */
+  rescaleGroup(data, artIdxArmor, data.armorTotal);
+}
+
+/**
+ * adjust_freqs (obj-randart.c L1214): enforce minimum frequencies for
+ * abilities that might be missing from the standard set, and halve the
+ * aggravation frequencies (which are counted twice).
+ */
+export function adjustFreqs(data: ArtifactSetData): void {
+  const atLeast = (idx: number, min: number): void => {
+    if (data.artProbs[idx]! < min) data.artProbs[idx] = min;
+  };
+
+  atLeast(ART_IDX.GEN_RFEAR, 5);
+  atLeast(ART_IDX.MELEE_DICE_SUPER, 5);
+  atLeast(ART_IDX.BOW_SHOTS_SUPER, 5);
+  atLeast(ART_IDX.BOW_MIGHT_SUPER, 5);
+  atLeast(ART_IDX.MELEE_BLOWS_SUPER, 5);
+  atLeast(ART_IDX.GEN_SPEED_SUPER, 5);
+  atLeast(ART_IDX.GEN_AC, 5);
+  atLeast(ART_IDX.GEN_TUNN, 5);
+  atLeast(ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_BRAND, 2);
+  atLeast(ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_SLAY, 1);
+  atLeast(ART_IDX.BOW_BRAND, 2);
+  atLeast(ART_IDX.BOW_SLAY, 2);
+  atLeast(ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_BLOWS, 1);
+  atLeast(ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_SHOTS, 1);
+  atLeast(ART_IDX.GEN_AC_SUPER, 5);
+  atLeast(ART_IDX.MELEE_AC, 5);
+  atLeast(ART_IDX.GEN_PSTUN, 3);
+
+  /* Cut aggravation frequencies in half since they're used twice. */
+  data.artProbs[ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_AGGR] = Math.trunc(
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.NONWEAPON_AGGR]! / 2,
+  );
+  data.artProbs[ART_IDX.WEAPON_AGGR] = Math.trunc(
+    data.artProbs[ART_IDX.WEAPON_AGGR]! / 2,
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * parse_frequencies (obj-randart.c L1273): parse the artifacts and write
+ * frequencies of their abilities and base object kinds, building the dynamic
+ * generation probabilities.
+ */
+export function parseFrequencies(
+  reg: ObjRegistry,
+  arts: readonly (Artifact | null)[],
+  data: ArtifactSetData,
+): void {
+  randartLog("\n****** BEGINNING GENERATION OF FREQUENCIES\n\n");
+
+  /* Zero the frequencies for artifact attributes. */
+  for (let i = 0; i < ART_IDX_TOTAL; i++) data.artProbs[i] = 0;
+
+  collectArtifactCounts(reg, arts, data);
+
+  /* Big hack, reduce frequencies of sharp weapons. */
+  for (let i = 0; i < TV_MAX; i++) {
+    if (i === TV.SWORD || i === TV.POLEARM) {
+      data.tvProbs[i] = Math.trunc((data.tvProbs[i]! * 2) / 3);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* "Print out some of the abilities, to make sure that everything's fine"
+   * (obj-randart.c:1295-1301). Both loops run to their FULL extent, before any
+   * rescaling - the pre- and post-rescale dumps are what make the log usable
+   * for comparing two runs. */
+  for (let i = 0; i < ART_IDX_TOTAL; i++) {
+    randartLogf(() => `Frequency of ability ${i}: ${data.artProbs[i]}\n`);
+  }
+  for (let i = 0; i < TV_MAX; i++) {
+    randartLogf(
+      () => `Frequency of ${tvalFindName(i)}: ${data.tvProbs[i]}\n`,
+    );
+  }
+
+  /* Rescale frequencies. */
+  rescaleFreqs(data);
+
+  /* Perform any additional rescaling and adjustment. */
+  adjustFreqs(data);
+
+  /* "Log the final frequencies to check that everything's correct" (:1309). */
+  for (let i = 0; i < ART_IDX_TOTAL; i++) {
+    randartLogf(
+      () => `Rescaled frequency of ability ${i}: ${data.artProbs[i]}\n`,
+    );
+  }
+
+  /* Build a cumulative frequency table for tvals. */
+  for (let i = 0; i < TV_MAX; i++) {
+    for (let j = i; j < TV_MAX; j++) {
+      data.tvFreq[j] = (data.tvFreq[j] ?? 0) + (data.tvProbs[i] ?? 0);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* "Print out the frequency table, for verification" (:1319). */
+  for (let i = 0; i < TV_MAX; i++) {
+    randartLogf(
+      () => `Cumulative frequency of ${tvalFindName(i)} is: ${data.tvFreq[i]}\n`,
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+/* Generation of a random artifact (header)                            */
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+
+/**
+ * get_base_item_tval (obj-randart.c L1332): pick a random base item tval from
+ * the original artifact tval frequencies.
+ */
+export function getBaseItemTval(data: ArtifactSetData, rng: Rng): number {
+  let tval = 0;
+  const r = rng.randint1(data.tvFreq[TV_MAX - 1]!);
+  while (r > (data.tvFreq[tval] ?? 0)) {
+    tval++;
+  }
+  return tval;
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+/* artifact_set_data allocation (obj-randart.c L2993)                  */
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+
+/** INHIBIT_POWER: the power ceiling above which arts are treated as uber. */
+const INHIBIT_POWER = 20000;
+
+/**
+ * artifact_set_data_new (obj-randart.c L2993): allocate and initialize a new
+ * artifact set data structure. Power/level/prob arrays are sized by the number
+ * of artifact slots (a_max, i.e. reg.artifacts.length); the tval arrays by
+ * TV_MAX and the ability array by ART_IDX_TOTAL.
+ */
+export function artifactSetDataNew(reg: ObjRegistry): ArtifactSetData {
+  const aMax = reg.artifacts.length;
+  const zeros = (n: number): number[] => new Array<number>(n).fill(0);
+
+  return {
+    /* Mean start and increment values for to_hit, to_dam and AC. */
+    hitIncrement: 4,
+    damIncrement: 4,
+    hitStartval: 10,
+    damStartval: 10,
+    acStartval: 15,
+    acIncrement: 5,
+
+    artProbs: zeros(ART_IDX_TOTAL),
+    tvProbs: zeros(TV_MAX),
+    tvNum: zeros(TV_MAX),
+    bowTotal: 0,
+    meleeTotal: 0,
+    bootTotal: 0,
+    gloveTotal: 0,
+    headgearTotal: 0,
+    shieldTotal: 0,
+    cloakTotal: 0,
+    armorTotal: 0,
+    otherTotal: 0,
+    total: 0,
+    negPowerTotal: 0,
+
+    tvFreq: zeros(TV_MAX),
+
+    basePower: zeros(aMax),
+    maxPower: 0,
+    minPower: 0,
+    avgPower: 0,
+    varPower: 0,
+    avgTvPower: zeros(TV_MAX),
+    minTvPower: zeros(TV_MAX),
+    maxTvPower: zeros(TV_MAX),
+
+    baseItemLevel: zeros(aMax),
+    baseItemProb: zeros(aMax),
+    baseArtAlloc: zeros(aMax),
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Allocate an ArtifactSetData and run the measurement pipeline over `arts`:
+ * store_base_power, then parse_frequencies (which runs collect_artifact_data,
+ * rescale_freqs and adjust_freqs). Returns the populated data. `rng` is drawn
+ * from, not merely threaded: store_base_power powers every artifact, and
+ * make_fake_artifact rolls a timeout per cursed slot (see
+ * makeFakeArtifactPower). Over the standard set that is a handful of draws;
+ * over a generated set it is one per curse the design loop added.
+ *
+ * WHICH SET is a parameter because do_randart measures TWICE (obj-randart.c
+ * L3175-L3186): once over the standard artifacts, and once more over the
+ * finished ones. Upstream can leave it implicit because create_artifact_set
+ * overwrites the a_info global in place, so "the artifacts" means a different
+ * set the second time round without anything being passed. This port generates
+ * into a fresh array and leaves reg.artifacts alone, so the set being measured
+ * has to be handed in.
+ */
+export function collectArtifactData(
+  reg: ObjRegistry,
+  constants: Constants,
+  arts: readonly (Artifact | null)[],
+  rng: Rng,
+): ArtifactSetData {
+  const data = artifactSetDataNew(reg);
+  storeBasePower(reg, constants, arts, data, rng);
+  parseFrequencies(reg, arts, data);
+  return data;
+}