@oneuptime/common 14.0.8 → 14.0.10

package/Tests/Server/Utils/Workspace/MicrosoftTeams/MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,1033 @@
+/** @timezone UTC */
+
+import { describe, expect, test } from "@jest/globals";
+import MicrosoftTeamsTimezone, {
+  MicrosoftTeamsUserTimezone,
+} from "../../../../../Server/Utils/Workspace/MicrosoftTeams/MicrosoftTeamsTimezone";
+import OneUptimeDate from "../../../../../Types/Date";
+import { JSONObject, JSONValue } from "../../../../../Types/JSON";
+
+/*
+ * Issue #4111, the maintenance half. The "create maintenance" form in
+ * Microsoft Teams submits Input.Date and Input.Time as a bare "2026-10-01"
+ * and "14:00", with no zone. The old handler read them in the server's zone
+ * (UTC in the containers), so 14:00 typed in New York became 10:00 in New
+ * York. MicrosoftTeamsTimezone works out the zone the times were typed in,
+ * reads the date and time in it, and names it back to the user.
+ *
+ * That zone is the one the form named, which the card carries in its submit
+ * data: the form tells whoever fills it in which zone its times are in, and
+ * in a channel that person may be somewhere else than the one who asked for
+ * it. A form that named no zone is read in the submitting activity's
+ * localTimezone, then its clientInfo entity's zone, then at the UTC offset of
+ * its local timestamp, then in UTC. An offset is only today's, so when that
+ * is all there is (isUtcOffsetOnly) the confirmation warns that a daylight
+ * saving change could move the times.
+ *
+ * The docblock runs this file in UTC, the zone the containers run in.
+ * MicrosoftTeamsTimezoneServerZone.test.ts runs the same arithmetic with the
+ * server in Asia/Tokyo and expects the same instants.
+ */
+
+const NEW_YORK: MicrosoftTeamsUserTimezone = {
+  timezone: "America/New_York",
+  label: "America/New_York",
+};
+const KOLKATA: MicrosoftTeamsUserTimezone = {
+  timezone: "Asia/Kolkata",
+  label: "Asia/Kolkata",
+};
+const UTC_PLUS_05_30: MicrosoftTeamsUserTimezone = {
+  utcOffsetInMinutes: 330,
+  label: "UTC+05:30",
+};
+const UTC_MINUS_07_00: MicrosoftTeamsUserTimezone = {
+  utcOffsetInMinutes: -420,
+  label: "UTC-07:00",
+};
+// Spelled out, not MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.UTC: no expectation leans on the constant.
+const UTC: MicrosoftTeamsUserTimezone = { timezone: "UTC", label: "UTC" };
+
+// Values Teams, a client or a stale card could put where a zone name goes.
+const NOT_A_KNOWN_ZONE: Array<JSONValue> = [
+  "Eastern Standard Time",
+  "India Standard Time",
+  "Mars/Olympus_Mons",
+  "",
+  "   ",
+  42,
+  true,
+  null,
+  { timezone: "America/New_York" },
+  ["America/New_York"],
+];
+
+function clientInfo(timezone: JSONValue): JSONObject {
+  return {
+    type: "clientInfo",
+    locale: "en-US",
+    country: "US",
+    platform: "Web",
+    timezone: timezone,
+  };
+}
+
+/*
+ * A message activity as botbuilder hands it to the bot: it has turned
+ * localTimestamp into a Date and kept the string as rawLocalTimestamp.
+ */
+function webClientActivity(parts: JSONObject): JSONObject {
+  return {
+    type: "message",
+    id: "1727712345678",
+    channelId: "msteams",
+    conversation: { id: "a:1pQ3dFxkGqKZ8Yv0cWm7bT2nR5sL9hJ4uE6oA" },
+    ...parts,
+  };
+}
+
+function toIso(
+  date: string,
+  time: string,
+  timezone: MicrosoftTeamsUserTimezone,
+): string | null {
+  const instant: Date | null = MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.toDate({
+    date: date,
+    time: time,
+    timezone: timezone,
+  });
+
+  return instant ? instant.toISOString() : null;
+}
+
+function format(iso: string, timezone: MicrosoftTeamsUserTimezone): string {
+  return MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.format(new Date(iso), timezone);
+}
+
+describe("MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.getKnownTimezone", () => {
+  test("returns an IANA zone name moment-timezone knows", () => {
+    for (const name of [
+      "America/New_York",
+      "Asia/Kolkata",
+      "Asia/Kathmandu",
+      "Pacific/Chatham",
+      "Europe/London",
+      "UTC",
+    ]) {
+      expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.getKnownTimezone(name)).toBe(name);
+    }
+  });
+
+  test("trims the name", () => {
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.getKnownTimezone("  America/New_York\t"),
+    ).toBe("America/New_York");
+  });
+
+  test("ignores Windows zone names, unknown names, blanks and anything that is not a string", () => {
+    for (const value of NOT_A_KNOWN_ZONE) {
+      expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.getKnownTimezone(value)).toBeUndefined();
+    }
+
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.getKnownTimezone(undefined)).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.getKnownTimezone(new Date())).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+});
+
+describe("MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.getTimezoneFromActivity", () => {
+  test("reads the activity's localTimezone first", () => {
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.getTimezoneFromActivity(
+        webClientActivity({
+          localTimezone: "America/New_York",
+          entities: [clientInfo("Europe/Berlin")],
+        }),
+      ),
+    ).toBe("America/New_York");
+  });
+
+  test("falls back to the clientInfo entity when localTimezone is missing", () => {
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.getTimezoneFromActivity(
+        webClientActivity({
+          entities: [
+            { type: "mention", text: "<at>OneUptime</at>" },
+            clientInfo("Asia/Kolkata"),
+          ],
+        }),
+      ),
+    ).toBe("Asia/Kolkata");
+  });
+
+  test("falls back to the clientInfo entity when localTimezone is not a zone it knows", () => {
+    for (const value of NOT_A_KNOWN_ZONE) {
+      expect(
+        MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.getTimezoneFromActivity(
+          webClientActivity({
+            localTimezone: value,
+            entities: [clientInfo("Asia/Kolkata")],
+          }),
+        ),
+      ).toBe("Asia/Kolkata");
+    }
+  });
+
+  test("takes the first clientInfo entity with a usable zone, and only clientInfo entities", () => {
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.getTimezoneFromActivity(
+        webClientActivity({
+          entities: [
+            null,
+            { type: "mention", timezone: "Europe/Paris" },
+            clientInfo("Pacific Standard Time"),
+            { type: "clientInfo", locale: "en-US" },
+            clientInfo("Asia/Tokyo"),
+            clientInfo("Europe/Berlin"),
+          ],
+        }),
+      ),
+    ).toBe("Asia/Tokyo");
+  });
+
+  test("is undefined when the activity names no zone (iOS has been seen to send none)", () => {
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.getTimezoneFromActivity(webClientActivity({})),
+    ).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.getTimezoneFromActivity(
+        webClientActivity({
+          localTimezone: "",
+          entities: [clientInfo("")],
+          rawLocalTimestamp: "2026-10-01T14:00:00.000-04:00",
+        }),
+      ),
+    ).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+});
+
+describe("MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.getUtcOffsetFromActivity", () => {
+  test("reads the offset of rawLocalTimestamp, the string botbuilder keeps", () => {
+    const offsets: Array<{ timestamp: string; minutes: number }> = [
+      { timestamp: "2026-10-01T14:00:00.000-04:00", minutes: -240 },
+      { timestamp: "2026-10-01T14:00:00.000+05:30", minutes: 330 },
+      { timestamp: "2026-10-01T14:00:00.000+05:45", minutes: 345 },
+      { timestamp: "2026-10-01T14:00:00.000-03:30", minutes: -210 },
+      { timestamp: "2026-10-01T14:00:00.000+14:00", minutes: 840 },
+      { timestamp: "2026-10-01T14:00:00.000Z", minutes: 0 },
+      // The seven fractional digits the Bot Framework sends.
+      { timestamp: "2026-10-01T07:00:00.1015458-07:00", minutes: -420 },
+      // The basic form of the offset, without a colon.
+      { timestamp: "2026-10-01T14:00:00+0530", minutes: 330 },
+      { timestamp: "  2026-10-01T14:00:00-04:00  ", minutes: -240 },
+    ];
+
+    for (const offset of offsets) {
+      expect(
+        MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.getUtcOffsetFromActivity(
+          webClientActivity({ rawLocalTimestamp: offset.timestamp }),
+        ),
+      ).toBe(offset.minutes);
+    }
+  });
+
+  test("prefers rawLocalTimestamp to a localTimestamp string", () => {
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.getUtcOffsetFromActivity(
+        webClientActivity({
+          rawLocalTimestamp: "2026-10-01T23:00:00.000+09:00",
+          localTimestamp: "2026-10-01T07:00:00.000-07:00",
+        }),
+      ),
+    ).toBe(540);
+  });
+
+  test("reads a localTimestamp string when there is no usable rawLocalTimestamp", () => {
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.getUtcOffsetFromActivity(
+        webClientActivity({
+          localTimestamp: "2026-10-01T07:00:00.000-07:00",
+        }),
+      ),
+    ).toBe(-420);
+
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.getUtcOffsetFromActivity(
+        webClientActivity({
+          rawLocalTimestamp: "not a timestamp+05:00",
+          localTimestamp: "2026-10-01T07:00:00.000-07:00",
+        }),
+      ),
+    ).toBe(-420);
+  });
+
+  test("ignores the Date botbuilder makes of localTimestamp: a Date has no offset", () => {
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.getUtcOffsetFromActivity(
+        webClientActivity({
+          localTimestamp: new Date("2026-10-01T18:00:00.000Z"),
+        }),
+      ),
+    ).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  test("does not take a timestamp without an offset for UTC, and ignores what does not parse", () => {
+    for (const timestamp of [
+      "2026-10-01T14:00:00",
+      "2026-10-01T14:00:00.000",
+      "not a timestamp+05:00",
+      "2026-13-01T14:00:00+05:00",
+      "",
+    ]) {
+      expect(
+        MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.getUtcOffsetFromActivity(
+          webClientActivity({
+            rawLocalTimestamp: timestamp,
+            localTimestamp: timestamp,
+          }),
+        ),
+      ).toBeUndefined();
+    }
+
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.getUtcOffsetFromActivity(
+        webClientActivity({ rawLocalTimestamp: 1727791200000 }),
+      ),
+    ).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.getUtcOffsetFromActivity(webClientActivity({})),
+    ).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+});
+
+describe("MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.resolve", () => {
+  /*
+   * Every source names a different zone, so each test can tell which one
+   * won. The sources are taken away one at a time.
+   */
+  const EVERY_SOURCE: JSONObject = webClientActivity({
+    localTimezone: "America/New_York",
+    entities: [clientInfo("Europe/Berlin")],
+    rawLocalTimestamp: "2026-10-01T23:00:00.000+09:00",
+    localTimestamp: "2026-10-01T07:00:00.000-07:00",
+  });
+
+  function without(...fields: Array<string>): JSONObject {
+    const activity: JSONObject = { ...EVERY_SOURCE };
+
+    for (const field of fields) {
+      delete activity[field];
+    }
+
+    return activity;
+  }
+
+  test("1. the zone the form named, carried in the card's submit data, comes before everything else", () => {
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.resolve({
+        activity: EVERY_SOURCE,
+        timezoneFromCard: "Asia/Kolkata",
+      }),
+    ).toEqual({ timezone: "Asia/Kolkata", label: "Asia/Kolkata" });
+  });
+
+  test("2. then the activity's localTimezone", () => {
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.resolve({ activity: EVERY_SOURCE })).toEqual({
+      timezone: "America/New_York",
+      label: "America/New_York",
+    });
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.resolve({
+        activity: EVERY_SOURCE,
+        timezoneFromCard: undefined,
+      }),
+    ).toEqual({ timezone: "America/New_York", label: "America/New_York" });
+  });
+
+  test("3. then the activity's clientInfo entity", () => {
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.resolve({
+        activity: without("localTimezone"),
+      }),
+    ).toEqual({ timezone: "Europe/Berlin", label: "Europe/Berlin" });
+  });
+
+  test("4. then the UTC offset of rawLocalTimestamp", () => {
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.resolve({
+        activity: without("localTimezone", "entities"),
+      }),
+    ).toEqual({ utcOffsetInMinutes: 540, label: "UTC+09:00" });
+  });
+
+  test("5. then the UTC offset of a localTimestamp string", () => {
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.resolve({
+        activity: without("localTimezone", "entities", "rawLocalTimestamp"),
+      }),
+    ).toEqual({ utcOffsetInMinutes: -420, label: "UTC-07:00" });
+  });
+
+  test("6. and UTC when nothing names a zone or an offset", () => {
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.resolve({
+        activity: without(
+          "localTimezone",
+          "entities",
+          "rawLocalTimestamp",
+          "localTimestamp",
+        ),
+      }),
+    ).toEqual({ timezone: "UTC", label: "UTC" });
+
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.resolve({ activity: {} })).toEqual(UTC);
+  });
+
+  test("a zone name it does not know is skipped wherever it appears", () => {
+    for (const value of NOT_A_KNOWN_ZONE) {
+      // On the card: the activity's localTimezone decides.
+      expect(
+        MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.resolve({
+          activity: EVERY_SOURCE,
+          timezoneFromCard: value,
+        }),
+      ).toEqual({ timezone: "America/New_York", label: "America/New_York" });
+
+      // As localTimezone too: the clientInfo entity decides.
+      expect(
+        MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.resolve({
+          activity: { ...EVERY_SOURCE, localTimezone: value },
+          timezoneFromCard: value,
+        }),
+      ).toEqual({ timezone: "Europe/Berlin", label: "Europe/Berlin" });
+
+      // In clientInfo as well: the local timestamp's offset decides.
+      expect(
+        MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.resolve({
+          activity: {
+            ...EVERY_SOURCE,
+            localTimezone: value,
+            entities: [clientInfo(value)],
+          },
+          timezoneFromCard: value,
+        }),
+      ).toEqual({ utcOffsetInMinutes: 540, label: "UTC+09:00" });
+    }
+  });
+
+  /*
+   * The form tells whoever fills it in that its times are in the zone it
+   * names, so that is the zone they typed them in. In a channel the one who
+   * submits it need not be the one it was sent for.
+   */
+  test("the zone the form named beats the submitter's own, wherever Teams says the submitter is", () => {
+    // Sent for someone in New York; a colleague in Kolkata submitted it.
+    const fromKolkata: Array<JSONObject> = [
+      webClientActivity({ localTimezone: "Asia/Kolkata" }),
+      webClientActivity({ entities: [clientInfo("Asia/Kolkata")] }),
+      webClientActivity({
+        rawLocalTimestamp: "2026-10-01T19:30:00.000+05:30",
+      }),
+      webClientActivity({ localTimestamp: "2026-10-01T19:30:00.000+05:30" }),
+      webClientActivity({
+        localTimezone: "Asia/Kolkata",
+        entities: [clientInfo("Asia/Kolkata")],
+        rawLocalTimestamp: "2026-10-01T19:30:00.000+05:30",
+      }),
+    ];
+
+    for (const activity of fromKolkata) {
+      expect(
+        MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.resolve({
+          activity: activity,
+          timezoneFromCard: "America/New_York",
+        }),
+      ).toEqual({ timezone: "America/New_York", label: "America/New_York" });
+    }
+  });
+
+  test("the card's zone covers a submit from a client that names no zone (iOS)", () => {
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.resolve({
+        activity: webClientActivity({
+          localTimestamp: new Date("2026-10-01T18:00:00.000Z"),
+          rawLocalTimestamp: "2026-10-01T14:00:00.000-04:00",
+        }),
+        timezoneFromCard: " America/New_York ",
+      }),
+    ).toEqual({ timezone: "America/New_York", label: "America/New_York" });
+  });
+
+  test("a Date-typed localTimestamp is not an offset: without anything else it is UTC", () => {
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.resolve({
+        activity: webClientActivity({
+          localTimestamp: new Date("2026-10-01T18:00:00.000Z"),
+        }),
+      }),
+    ).toEqual(UTC);
+  });
+
+  test("a zero offset is named UTC", () => {
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.resolve({
+        activity: webClientActivity({
+          rawLocalTimestamp: "2026-10-01T14:00:00.000Z",
+        }),
+      }),
+    ).toEqual({ utcOffsetInMinutes: 0, label: "UTC" });
+  });
+
+  test("the offsets it names are the ones toDate and format are given below", () => {
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.resolve({
+        activity: webClientActivity({
+          rawLocalTimestamp: "2026-10-01T14:00:00.000+05:30",
+        }),
+      }),
+    ).toEqual(UTC_PLUS_05_30);
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.resolve({
+        activity: webClientActivity({
+          rawLocalTimestamp: "2026-10-01T14:00:00.000-07:00",
+        }),
+      }),
+    ).toEqual(UTC_MINUS_07_00);
+  });
+});
+
+/*
+ * The maintenance confirmation adds a warning when only an offset is known:
+ * the offset is the one the activity's local timestamp has today, so a date
+ * past a daylight saving change can be an hour out.
+ */
+describe("MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.isUtcOffsetOnly", () => {
+  test("is true when only a UTC offset is known", () => {
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.isUtcOffsetOnly(UTC_PLUS_05_30)).toBe(true);
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.isUtcOffsetOnly(UTC_MINUS_07_00)).toBe(true);
+    // Still only an offset: London is UTC+00:00 in winter and UTC+01:00 in summer.
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.isUtcOffsetOnly({
+        utcOffsetInMinutes: 0,
+        label: "UTC",
+      }),
+    ).toBe(true);
+    // An empty name is no name: toDate reads the offset then.
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.isUtcOffsetOnly({
+        timezone: "",
+        utcOffsetInMinutes: 330,
+        label: "UTC+05:30",
+      }),
+    ).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  test("is false when a zone name is known, with or without an offset beside it", () => {
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.isUtcOffsetOnly(NEW_YORK)).toBe(false);
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.isUtcOffsetOnly(KOLKATA)).toBe(false);
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.isUtcOffsetOnly({
+        timezone: "America/New_York",
+        utcOffsetInMinutes: -240,
+        label: "America/New_York",
+      }),
+    ).toBe(false);
+    // What resolve falls back on is the UTC zone, which has no daylight saving time.
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.isUtcOffsetOnly(UTC)).toBe(false);
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.isUtcOffsetOnly(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.UTC),
+    ).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  test("is false when neither a zone name nor an offset is known", () => {
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.isUtcOffsetOnly({ label: "UTC" })).toBe(
+      false,
+    );
+    expect(
+      MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.isUtcOffsetOnly({
+        timezone: undefined,
+        utcOffsetInMinutes: undefined,
+        label: "UTC",
+      }),
+    ).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  test("is true for what resolve reads from a local timestamp, and only for that", () => {
+    const submits: Array<{
+      source: string;
+      activity: JSONObject;
+      timezoneFromCard?: string;
+      isUtcOffsetOnly: boolean;
+    }> = [
+      {
+        source: "the zone the form named",
+        activity: webClientActivity({
+          rawLocalTimestamp: "2026-10-01T14:00:00.000-04:00",
+        }),
+        timezoneFromCard: "America/New_York",
+        isUtcOffsetOnly: false,
+      },
+      {
+        source: "localTimezone",
+        activity: webClientActivity({
+          localTimezone: "America/New_York",
+          rawLocalTimestamp: "2026-10-01T14:00:00.000-04:00",
+        }),
+        isUtcOffsetOnly: false,
+      },
+      {
+        source: "clientInfo",
+        activity: webClientActivity({
+          entities: [clientInfo("America/New_York")],
+          rawLocalTimestamp: "2026-10-01T14:00:00.000-04:00",
+        }),
+        isUtcOffsetOnly: false,
+      },
+      {
+        source: "rawLocalTimestamp",
+        activity: webClientActivity({
+          rawLocalTimestamp: "2026-10-01T14:00:00.000-04:00",
+        }),
+        isUtcOffsetOnly: true,
+      },
+      {
+        source: "a localTimestamp string",
+        activity: webClientActivity({
+          localTimestamp: "2026-10-01T14:00:00.000+05:30",
+        }),
+        isUtcOffsetOnly: true,
+      },
+      {
+        source: "a zero offset",
+        activity: webClientActivity({
+          rawLocalTimestamp: "2026-10-01T14:00:00.000Z",
+        }),
+        isUtcOffsetOnly: true,
+      },
+      {
+        source: "nothing: UTC",
+        activity: webClientActivity({
+          localTimestamp: new Date("2026-10-01T18:00:00.000Z"),
+        }),
+        isUtcOffsetOnly: false,
+      },
+    ];
+
+    // Compared as one list, so a failure names every source that changed.
+    expect(
+      submits.map(
+        (submit: {
+          source: string;
+          activity: JSONObject;
+          timezoneFromCard?: string;
+        }) => {
+          return {
+            source: submit.source,
+            isUtcOffsetOnly: MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.isUtcOffsetOnly(
+              MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.resolve({
+                activity: submit.activity,
+                timezoneFromCard: submit.timezoneFromCard,
+              }),
+            ),
+          };
+        },
+      ),
+    ).toEqual(
+      submits.map((submit: { source: string; isUtcOffsetOnly: boolean }) => {
+        return {
+          source: submit.source,
+          isUtcOffsetOnly: submit.isUtcOffsetOnly,
+        };
+      }),
+    );
+  });
+
+  test("why it is worth a warning: an offset read in October is an hour out for a date in New York's winter", () => {
+    // A New York user on a client that names no zone, in October (EDT).
+    const timezone: MicrosoftTeamsUserTimezone = MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.resolve(
+      {
+        activity: webClientActivity({
+          rawLocalTimestamp: "2026-10-01T14:00:00.000-04:00",
+        }),
+      },
+    );
+
+    expect(timezone).toEqual({ utcOffsetInMinutes: -240, label: "UTC-04:00" });
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.isUtcOffsetOnly(timezone)).toBe(true);
+
+    const startsAt: Date | null = MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.toDate({
+      date: "2026-12-24",
+      time: "23:15",
+      timezone: timezone,
+    });
+
+    expect(startsAt?.toISOString()).toBe("2026-12-25T03:15:00.000Z");
+    // The confirmation reads back what was typed, at the offset it was read at...
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.format(startsAt!, timezone)).toBe(
+      "Dec 24, 2026, 23:15 (UTC-04:00)",
+    );
+    // ...which New York's clocks, on EST by then, show an hour earlier.
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.format(startsAt!, NEW_YORK)).toBe(
+      "Dec 24, 2026, 22:15 (America/New_York)",
+    );
+  });
+});
+
+describe("MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.formatUtcOffset", () => {
+  test("names an offset from UTC in hours and minutes", () => {
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.formatUtcOffset(0)).toBe("UTC");
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.formatUtcOffset(330)).toBe("UTC+05:30");
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.formatUtcOffset(-420)).toBe("UTC-07:00");
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.formatUtcOffset(45)).toBe("UTC+00:45");
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.formatUtcOffset(-45)).toBe("UTC-00:45");
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.formatUtcOffset(-210)).toBe("UTC-03:30");
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.formatUtcOffset(345)).toBe("UTC+05:45");
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.formatUtcOffset(765)).toBe("UTC+12:45");
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.formatUtcOffset(840)).toBe("UTC+14:00");
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.formatUtcOffset(-720)).toBe("UTC-12:00");
+  });
+});
+
+describe("MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.toDate", () => {
+  test("reads 14:00 in New York as 18:00 UTC in October (EDT) and 19:00 UTC in January (EST)", () => {
+    expect(toIso("2026-10-01", "14:00", NEW_YORK)).toBe(
+      "2026-10-01T18:00:00.000Z",
+    );
+    expect(toIso("2027-01-15", "14:00", NEW_YORK)).toBe(
+      "2027-01-15T19:00:00.000Z",
+    );
+  });
+
+  test("reads the date and time in a zone with a half-hour offset", () => {
+    expect(toIso("2026-10-01", "14:00", KOLKATA)).toBe(
+      "2026-10-01T08:30:00.000Z",
+    );
+    // Before 05:30 in Kolkata it is still the day before in UTC.
+    expect(toIso("2026-10-01", "02:00", KOLKATA)).toBe(
+      "2026-09-30T20:30:00.000Z",
+    );
+  });
+
+  test("reads the date and time as UTC in UTC", () => {
+    expect(toIso("2026-10-01", "14:00", UTC)).toBe("2026-10-01T14:00:00.000Z");
+    expect(
+      toIso("2026-10-01", "14:00", { utcOffsetInMinutes: 0, label: "UTC" }),
+    ).toBe("2026-10-01T14:00:00.000Z");
+  });
+
+  test("reads the date and time at a bare UTC offset", () => {
+    expect(toIso("2026-10-01", "14:00", UTC_PLUS_05_30)).toBe(
+      "2026-10-01T08:30:00.000Z",
+    );
+    expect(toIso("2026-10-01", "14:00", UTC_MINUS_07_00)).toBe(
+      "2026-10-01T21:00:00.000Z",
+    );
+    // 20:00 at UTC-07:00 is already the next day in UTC.
+    expect(toIso("2026-10-01", "20:00", UTC_MINUS_07_00)).toBe(
+      "2026-10-02T03:00:00.000Z",
+    );
+  });
+
+  test("a zone name comes before an offset when both are given", () => {
+    expect(
+      toIso("2026-10-01", "14:00", {
+        timezone: "America/New_York",
+        utcOffsetInMinutes: 330,
+        label: "America/New_York",
+      }),
+    ).toBe("2026-10-01T18:00:00.000Z");
+  });
+
+  test("accepts seconds (HH:mm:ss)", () => {
+    expect(toIso("2026-10-01", "14:00:30", NEW_YORK)).toBe(
+      "2026-10-01T18:00:30.000Z",
+    );
+    expect(toIso("2026-10-01", "14:00:30", UTC_PLUS_05_30)).toBe(
+      "2026-10-01T08:30:30.000Z",
+    );
+    expect(toIso("2026-10-01", "14:00:00", UTC)).toBe(
+      "2026-10-01T14:00:00.000Z",
+    );
+  });
+
+  test("trims the date and the time", () => {
+    expect(toIso(" 2026-10-01 ", " 14:00 ", NEW_YORK)).toBe(
+      "2026-10-01T18:00:00.000Z",
+    );
+    expect(toIso(" 2026-10-01 ", " 14:00 ", UTC_PLUS_05_30)).toBe(
+      "2026-10-01T08:30:00.000Z",
+    );
+  });
+
+  test("reads February 29 only in a leap year", () => {
+    expect(toIso("2028-02-29", "14:00", NEW_YORK)).toBe(
+      "2028-02-29T19:00:00.000Z",
+    );
+    expect(toIso("2026-02-29", "14:00", NEW_YORK)).toBeNull();
+    expect(toIso("2026-02-29", "14:00", UTC_PLUS_05_30)).toBeNull();
+  });
+
+  test("is null for a date that is not a real YYYY-MM-DD date", () => {
+    for (const date of [
+      "2026-13-01",
+      "2026-00-10",
+      "2026-02-30",
+      "2026-04-31",
+      "2026-10-1",
+      "26-10-01",
+      "2026/10/01",
+      "10/01/2026",
+      "01-10-2026",
+      "2026-10-01T14:00",
+      "tomorrow",
+      "",
+    ]) {
+      for (const timezone of [NEW_YORK, UTC_PLUS_05_30, UTC]) {
+        expect(toIso(date, "14:00", timezone)).toBeNull();
+      }
+    }
+  });
+
+  test("is null for a time that is not a real HH:mm or HH:mm:ss time", () => {
+    for (const time of [
+      "25:00",
+      "14:60",
+      "14:00:60",
+      "9:00",
+      "14:5",
+      "14",
+      "2 PM",
+      "14:00 PM",
+      "14h00",
+      "14:00Z",
+      "14:00+02:00",
+      "14:00:00.000",
+      "",
+    ]) {
+      for (const timezone of [NEW_YORK, UTC_PLUS_05_30, UTC]) {
+        expect(toIso("2026-10-01", time, timezone)).toBeNull();
+      }
+    }
+  });
+
+  /*
+   * New York's clocks jump from 02:00 to 03:00 on March 8, 2026, and fall
+   * back from 02:00 to 01:00 on November 1, 2026. A time in the gap does
+   * not exist and a time in the overlap exists twice. Both are read the way
+   * RFC 5545 reads them: a time in the gap with the offset from before the
+   * gap (02:30 becomes 03:30 EDT), a repeated time as its first occurrence
+   * (01:30 EDT).
+   */
+  test("a time skipped by the spring-forward gap is read with the offset from before the gap", () => {
+    expect(toIso("2026-03-08", "01:59", NEW_YORK)).toBe(
+      "2026-03-08T06:59:00.000Z",
+    );
+    expect(toIso("2026-03-08", "02:30", NEW_YORK)).toBe(
+      "2026-03-08T07:30:00.000Z",
+    );
+    expect(toIso("2026-03-08", "03:00", NEW_YORK)).toBe(
+      "2026-03-08T07:00:00.000Z",
+    );
+    expect(toIso("2026-03-08", "03:30", NEW_YORK)).toBe(
+      "2026-03-08T07:30:00.000Z",
+    );
+  });
+
+  test("a time repeated by the fall-back overlap is read as its first occurrence", () => {
+    expect(toIso("2026-11-01", "00:59", NEW_YORK)).toBe(
+      "2026-11-01T04:59:00.000Z",
+    );
+    expect(toIso("2026-11-01", "01:30", NEW_YORK)).toBe(
+      "2026-11-01T05:30:00.000Z",
+    );
+    expect(toIso("2026-11-01", "02:00", NEW_YORK)).toBe(
+      "2026-11-01T07:00:00.000Z",
+    );
+  });
+});
+
+describe("MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.format", () => {
+  test("shows the time on the user's clock with the zone's name", () => {
+    expect(format("2026-10-01T18:00:00.000Z", NEW_YORK)).toBe(
+      "Oct 1, 2026, 14:00 (America/New_York)",
+    );
+    expect(format("2027-01-15T19:00:00.000Z", NEW_YORK)).toBe(
+      "Jan 15, 2027, 14:00 (America/New_York)",
+    );
+    expect(format("2026-10-01T08:30:00.000Z", KOLKATA)).toBe(
+      "Oct 1, 2026, 14:00 (Asia/Kolkata)",
+    );
+    expect(format("2026-10-01T14:00:00.000Z", UTC)).toBe(
+      "Oct 1, 2026, 14:00 (UTC)",
+    );
+  });
+
+  test("shows the time at a bare offset with the offset's name", () => {
+    expect(format("2026-10-01T08:30:00.000Z", UTC_PLUS_05_30)).toBe(
+      "Oct 1, 2026, 14:00 (UTC+05:30)",
+    );
+    expect(format("2026-10-01T21:00:00.000Z", UTC_MINUS_07_00)).toBe(
+      "Oct 1, 2026, 14:00 (UTC-07:00)",
+    );
+    expect(
+      format("2026-10-01T14:00:00.000Z", {
+        utcOffsetInMinutes: 0,
+        label: "UTC",
+      }),
+    ).toBe("Oct 1, 2026, 14:00 (UTC)");
+  });
+
+  test("the day, month and year are the user's, not UTC's", () => {
+    expect(format("2026-10-01T02:00:00.000Z", NEW_YORK)).toBe(
+      "Sep 30, 2026, 22:00 (America/New_York)",
+    );
+    expect(format("2026-12-31T20:00:00.000Z", UTC_PLUS_05_30)).toBe(
+      "Jan 1, 2027, 01:30 (UTC+05:30)",
+    );
+    expect(format("2026-10-01T03:00:00.000Z", UTC_MINUS_07_00)).toBe(
+      "Sep 30, 2026, 20:00 (UTC-07:00)",
+    );
+  });
+
+  test("uses a 24-hour clock and leaves the seconds out", () => {
+    expect(format("2026-10-01T04:05:00.000Z", NEW_YORK)).toBe(
+      "Oct 1, 2026, 00:05 (America/New_York)",
+    );
+    expect(format("2026-10-01T18:00:30.000Z", NEW_YORK)).toBe(
+      "Oct 1, 2026, 14:00 (America/New_York)",
+    );
+  });
+
+  test("echoes the time a spring-forward gap moved it to, so the user sees what was scheduled", () => {
+    const startsAt: Date | null = MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.toDate({
+      date: "2026-03-08",
+      time: "02:30",
+      timezone: NEW_YORK,
+    });
+
+    expect(startsAt).not.toBeNull();
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.format(startsAt!, NEW_YORK)).toBe(
+      "Mar 8, 2026, 03:30 (America/New_York)",
+    );
+  });
+
+  test("gives back the date and time the user typed, in the zone the submit resolves to", () => {
+    // MicrosoftTeamsTimezoneServerZone.test.ts expects this same table.
+    const submits: Array<{
+      activity: JSONObject;
+      timezoneFromCard?: string;
+      label: string;
+      startsAt: string;
+      isUtcOffsetOnly: boolean;
+    }> = [
+      {
+        activity: webClientActivity({ localTimezone: "America/New_York" }),
+        label: "America/New_York",
+        startsAt: "2026-12-25T04:15:00.000Z",
+        isUtcOffsetOnly: false,
+      },
+      {
+        activity: webClientActivity({
+          entities: [clientInfo("Australia/Adelaide")],
+        }),
+        label: "Australia/Adelaide",
+        startsAt: "2026-12-24T12:45:00.000Z",
+        isUtcOffsetOnly: false,
+      },
+      {
+        // iOS: no zone on the submit, the one the form named.
+        activity: webClientActivity({
+          localTimestamp: new Date("2026-10-01T18:00:00.000Z"),
+          rawLocalTimestamp: "2026-10-01T14:00:00.000-04:00",
+        }),
+        timezoneFromCard: "America/New_York",
+        label: "America/New_York",
+        startsAt: "2026-12-25T04:15:00.000Z",
+        isUtcOffsetOnly: false,
+      },
+      {
+        // A channel: the form named New York; a colleague in Kolkata submitted it.
+        activity: webClientActivity({
+          localTimezone: "Asia/Kolkata",
+          entities: [clientInfo("Asia/Kolkata")],
+          rawLocalTimestamp: "2026-10-01T19:30:00.000+05:30",
+        }),
+        timezoneFromCard: "America/New_York",
+        label: "America/New_York",
+        startsAt: "2026-12-25T04:15:00.000Z",
+        isUtcOffsetOnly: false,
+      },
+      {
+        activity: webClientActivity({
+          rawLocalTimestamp: "2026-10-01T14:00:00.000+05:45",
+        }),
+        label: "UTC+05:45",
+        startsAt: "2026-12-24T17:30:00.000Z",
+        isUtcOffsetOnly: true,
+      },
+      {
+        activity: webClientActivity({
+          localTimestamp: "2026-10-01T14:00:00.000-03:30",
+        }),
+        label: "UTC-03:30",
+        startsAt: "2026-12-25T02:45:00.000Z",
+        isUtcOffsetOnly: true,
+      },
+      {
+        activity: webClientActivity({}),
+        label: "UTC",
+        startsAt: "2026-12-24T23:15:00.000Z",
+        isUtcOffsetOnly: false,
+      },
+    ];
+
+    for (const submit of submits) {
+      const timezone: MicrosoftTeamsUserTimezone =
+        MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.resolve({
+          activity: submit.activity,
+          timezoneFromCard: submit.timezoneFromCard,
+        });
+      const startsAt: Date | null = MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.toDate({
+        date: "2026-12-24",
+        time: "23:15",
+        timezone: timezone,
+      });
+
+      expect(timezone.label).toBe(submit.label);
+      expect(startsAt?.toISOString()).toBe(submit.startsAt);
+      expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.format(startsAt!, timezone)).toBe(
+        `Dec 24, 2026, 23:15 (${submit.label})`,
+      );
+      expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.isUtcOffsetOnly(timezone)).toBe(
+        submit.isUtcOffsetOnly,
+      );
+    }
+  });
+});
+
+describe("MicrosoftTeamsTimezone against the read it replaced", () => {
+  test("14:00 typed in New York is 14:00 in New York; the old read made it 10:00 on a UTC server", () => {
+    /*
+     * The old handler: OneUptimeDate.fromString(`${startDate}T${startTime}`),
+     * which reads a date and time without a zone on the server's clock.
+     */
+    const oldRead: Date = OneUptimeDate.fromString("2026-10-01T14:00");
+
+    expect(oldRead.toISOString()).toBe("2026-10-01T14:00:00.000Z");
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.format(oldRead, NEW_YORK)).toBe(
+      "Oct 1, 2026, 10:00 (America/New_York)",
+    );
+
+    const startsAt: Date | null = MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.toDate({
+      date: "2026-10-01",
+      time: "14:00",
+      timezone: MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.resolve({
+        activity: webClientActivity({ localTimezone: "America/New_York" }),
+      }),
+    });
+
+    expect(startsAt?.toISOString()).toBe("2026-10-01T18:00:00.000Z");
+    expect(MicrosoftTeamsTimezone.format(startsAt!, NEW_YORK)).toBe(
+      "Oct 1, 2026, 14:00 (America/New_York)",
+    );
+  });
+});