@k2works/claude-code-booster 2.7.1 → 3.1.0

package/lib/assets/docs/article/functional-desgin-ppp/scala/13-abstract-factory-pattern.md

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+# 第13章: Abstract Factory パターン
+
+## はじめに
+
+Abstract Factory パターンは、関連するオブジェクトのファミリーを、その具体的なクラスを指定することなく生成するためのインターフェースを提供するパターンです。
+
+本章では、図形ファクトリ、UI ファクトリ、データベースファクトリの例を通じて、Abstract Factory パターンの実装を学びます。
+
+## 1. パターンの構造
+
+```plantuml
+@startuml
+title Abstract Factory パターン構造
+
+interface "AbstractFactory" as Factory {
+  +createProductA(): ProductA
+  +createProductB(): ProductB
+}
+
+class "ConcreteFactory1" as Factory1 {
+  +createProductA(): ProductA1
+  +createProductB(): ProductB1
+}
+
+class "ConcreteFactory2" as Factory2 {
+  +createProductA(): ProductA2
+  +createProductB(): ProductB2
+}
+
+interface "ProductA" as ProductA
+interface "ProductB" as ProductB
+
+class "ProductA1" as A1
+class "ProductA2" as A2
+class "ProductB1" as B1
+class "ProductB2" as B2
+
+Factory <|.. Factory1
+Factory <|.. Factory2
+ProductA <|.. A1
+ProductA <|.. A2
+ProductB <|.. B1
+ProductB <|.. B2
+
+Factory1 ..> A1 : creates
+Factory1 ..> B1 : creates
+Factory2 ..> A2 : creates
+Factory2 ..> B2 : creates
+@enduml
+```
+
+## 2. 図形とスタイル - Product
+
+```scala
+case class Color(r: Int, g: Int, b: Int)
+
+case class ShapeStyle(
+  strokeColor: Color = Color.Black,
+  strokeWidth: Double = 1.0,
+  fillColor: Color = Color.Transparent
+)
+
+sealed trait Shape:
+  def style: ShapeStyle
+  def translate(dx: Double, dy: Double): Shape
+  def scale(factor: Double): Shape
+  def withStyle(newStyle: ShapeStyle): Shape
+
+case class Circle(center: Point, radius: Double, style: ShapeStyle = ShapeStyle()) extends Shape
+case class Square(topLeft: Point, side: Double, style: ShapeStyle = ShapeStyle()) extends Shape
+case class Rectangle(topLeft: Point, width: Double, height: Double, style: ShapeStyle = ShapeStyle()) extends Shape
+```
+
+## 3. ShapeFactory - Abstract Factory
+
+```scala
+trait ShapeFactory:
+  def createCircle(center: Point, radius: Double): Circle
+  def createSquare(topLeft: Point, side: Double): Square
+  def createRectangle(topLeft: Point, width: Double, height: Double): Rectangle
+  def createTriangle(p1: Point, p2: Point, p3: Point): Triangle
+```
+
+## 4. Concrete Factories
+
+### StandardShapeFactory
+
+```scala
+object StandardShapeFactory extends ShapeFactory:
+  def createCircle(center: Point, radius: Double): Circle =
+    Circle(center, radius)
+  
+  def createSquare(topLeft: Point, side: Double): Square =
+    Square(topLeft, side)
+  
+  def createRectangle(topLeft: Point, width: Double, height: Double): Rectangle =
+    Rectangle(topLeft, width, height)
+  
+  def createTriangle(p1: Point, p2: Point, p3: Point): Triangle =
+    Triangle(p1, p2, p3)
+```
+
+### OutlinedShapeFactory
+
+```scala
+class OutlinedShapeFactory(
+  strokeColor: Color,
+  strokeWidth: Double
+) extends ShapeFactory:
+  private val style = ShapeStyle(strokeColor = strokeColor, strokeWidth = strokeWidth)
+  
+  def createCircle(center: Point, radius: Double): Circle =
+    Circle(center, radius, style)
+  
+  def createSquare(topLeft: Point, side: Double): Square =
+    Square(topLeft, side, style)
+  // ...
+```
+
+### FilledShapeFactory
+
+```scala
+class FilledShapeFactory(
+  fillColor: Color,
+  strokeColor: Color = Color.Black,
+  strokeWidth: Double = 1.0
+) extends ShapeFactory:
+  private val style = ShapeStyle(strokeColor, strokeWidth, fillColor)
+  
+  def createCircle(center: Point, radius: Double): Circle =
+    Circle(center, radius, style)
+  // ...
+```
+
+### 使用例
+
+```scala
+def createShapes(factory: ShapeFactory): List[Shape] =
+  List(
+    factory.createCircle(Point(0, 0), 5),
+    factory.createSquare(Point(10, 10), 10),
+    factory.createRectangle(Point(20, 20), 10, 5)
+  )
+
+// ファクトリを切り替えるだけで異なるスタイルの図形を生成
+val standardShapes = createShapes(StandardShapeFactory)
+val outlinedShapes = createShapes(OutlinedShapeFactory(Color.Red, 3.0))
+val filledShapes = createShapes(FilledShapeFactory(Color.Blue))
+```
+
+## 5. UIFactory - プラットフォーム別 UI
+
+### UI コンポーネント
+
+```scala
+trait Button:
+  def label: String
+  def theme: Theme
+  def render: String
+
+trait TextField:
+  def placeholder: String
+  def value: String
+  def setValue(newValue: String): TextField
+
+trait Checkbox:
+  def label: String
+  def checked: Boolean
+  def toggle: Checkbox
+```
+
+### UIFactory インターフェース
+
+```scala
+trait UIFactory:
+  def theme: Theme
+  def createButton(label: String): Button
+  def createTextField(placeholder: String): TextField
+  def createCheckbox(label: String, checked: Boolean = false): Checkbox
+```
+
+### プラットフォーム別実装
+
+```scala
+// Windows
+class WindowsUIFactory(val theme: Theme = Theme.Light) extends UIFactory:
+  def createButton(label: String): WindowsButton = WindowsButton(label, theme)
+  def createTextField(placeholder: String): WindowsTextField = WindowsTextField(placeholder, theme)
+  def createCheckbox(label: String, checked: Boolean = false): WindowsCheckbox = WindowsCheckbox(label, checked, theme)
+
+// MacOS
+class MacOSUIFactory(val theme: Theme = Theme.Light) extends UIFactory:
+  def createButton(label: String): MacOSButton = MacOSButton(label, theme)
+  // ...
+
+// Web
+class WebUIFactory(val theme: Theme = Theme.Light) extends UIFactory:
+  def createButton(label: String): WebButton = WebButton(label, theme)
+  // ...
+```
+
+### 使用例
+
+```scala
+def createForm(factory: UIFactory): Map[String, String] =
+  Map(
+    "button" -> factory.createButton("Submit").render,
+    "field" -> factory.createTextField("Email").render,
+    "checkbox" -> factory.createCheckbox("Accept").render
+  )
+
+val windowsForm = createForm(WindowsUIFactory())  // [░ Submit]
+val macForm = createForm(MacOSUIFactory())        // (○ Submit)
+val webForm = createForm(WebUIFactory())          // <button>Submit</button>
+```
+
+## 6. DatabaseFactory - データベース抽象化
+
+### データベースコンポーネント
+
+```scala
+trait Connection:
+  def database: String
+  def isConnected: Boolean
+  def connect(): Connection
+  def disconnect(): Connection
+  def execute(sql: String): QueryResult
+
+trait QueryBuilder:
+  def select(columns: String*): QueryBuilder
+  def from(table: String): QueryBuilder
+  def where(condition: String): QueryBuilder
+  def orderBy(column: String, ascending: Boolean = true): QueryBuilder
+  def limit(n: Int): QueryBuilder
+  def build: String
+```
+
+### DatabaseFactory インターフェース
+
+```scala
+trait DatabaseFactory:
+  def createConnection(database: String): Connection
+  def createQueryBuilder(): QueryBuilder
+  def databaseType: String
+```
+
+### データベース別実装
+
+```scala
+object PostgreSQLFactory extends DatabaseFactory:
+  def createConnection(database: String): PostgreSQLConnection = PostgreSQLConnection(database)
+  def createQueryBuilder(): PostgreSQLQueryBuilder = new PostgreSQLQueryBuilder
+  def databaseType: String = "PostgreSQL"
+
+object MySQLFactory extends DatabaseFactory:
+  def createConnection(database: String): MySQLConnection = MySQLConnection(database)
+  def createQueryBuilder(): MySQLQueryBuilder = new MySQLQueryBuilder
+  def databaseType: String = "MySQL"
+
+object SQLiteFactory extends DatabaseFactory:
+  def createConnection(database: String): SQLiteConnection = SQLiteConnection(database)
+  def createQueryBuilder(): SQLiteQueryBuilder = new SQLiteQueryBuilder
+  def databaseType: String = "SQLite"
+```
+
+### 使用例
+
+```scala
+def executeQuery(factory: DatabaseFactory, db: String): QueryResult =
+  val conn = factory.createConnection(db).connect()
+  val query = factory.createQueryBuilder()
+    .select("id", "name")
+    .from("users")
+    .where("active = true")
+    .limit(10)
+    .build
+  conn.execute(query)
+
+// ファクトリを切り替えるだけで異なるデータベースに対応
+val pgResult = executeQuery(PostgreSQLFactory, "pg_db")
+val mysqlResult = executeQuery(MySQLFactory, "mysql_db")
+val sqliteResult = executeQuery(SQLiteFactory, "sqlite.db")
+```
+
+## 7. 関数型アプローチ
+
+```scala
+object FunctionalFactory:
+  case class FactoryConfig(
+    strokeColor: Color = Color.Black,
+    strokeWidth: Double = 1.0,
+    fillColor: Color = Color.Transparent
+  ):
+    def style: ShapeStyle = ShapeStyle(strokeColor, strokeWidth, fillColor)
+  
+  def circleCreator(config: FactoryConfig)(center: Point, radius: Double): Circle =
+    Circle(center, radius, config.style)
+  
+  def squareCreator(config: FactoryConfig)(topLeft: Point, side: Double): Square =
+    Square(topLeft, side, config.style)
+  
+  // ファクトリを合成
+  def composeFactory(
+    baseConfig: FactoryConfig,
+    modifiers: (FactoryConfig => FactoryConfig)*
+  ): FactoryConfig =
+    modifiers.foldLeft(baseConfig)((config, modifier) => modifier(config))
+  
+  // 修飾子
+  def withStroke(color: Color, width: Double): FactoryConfig => FactoryConfig =
+    config => config.copy(strokeColor = color, strokeWidth = width)
+  
+  def withFill(color: Color): FactoryConfig => FactoryConfig =
+    config => config.copy(fillColor = color)
+```
+
+### 使用例
+
+```scala
+import FunctionalFactory._
+
+val config = composeFactory(
+  FactoryConfig(),
+  withStroke(Color.Red, 2.0),
+  withFill(Color.Blue)
+)
+
+val createCircle = circleCreator(config) _
+val circle = createCircle(Point(10, 20), 5)
+// Circle with red stroke and blue fill
+```
+
+## 8. ファクトリレジストリ
+
+```scala
+object FactoryRegistry:
+  private var shapeFactories: Map[String, ShapeFactory] = Map(
+    "standard" -> StandardShapeFactory,
+    "outlined" -> OutlinedShapeFactory(Color.Black, 2.0),
+    "filled" -> FilledShapeFactory(Color.Blue)
+  )
+  
+  def registerShapeFactory(name: String, factory: ShapeFactory): Unit =
+    shapeFactories = shapeFactories + (name -> factory)
+  
+  def getShapeFactory(name: String): Option[ShapeFactory] =
+    shapeFactories.get(name)
+```
+
+### 使用例
+
+```scala
+val factory = FactoryRegistry.getShapeFactory("filled")
+factory.foreach { f =>
+  val circle = f.createCircle(Point(0, 0), 10)
+  // Blue filled circle
+}
+```
+
+## 9. パターンの利点
+
+1. **製品ファミリーの一貫性**: 関連する製品が一貫して生成される
+2. **具体クラスの分離**: クライアントは具体的な製品クラスを知らない
+3. **製品ファミリーの交換**: ファクトリを交換するだけで製品群全体を変更可能
+4. **新しい製品ファミリーの追加が容易**: 新しい ConcreteFactory を追加するだけ
+
+## Clojure との比較
+
+| 概念 | Clojure | Scala |
+|------|---------|-------|
+| AbstractFactory | マルチメソッド | trait |
+| ConcreteFactory | defmethod | object/class extends trait |
+| Product | マップ | case class |
+| ファクトリ設定 | マップのキー | コンストラクタ引数 |
+| ファクトリ選択 | 型キーでディスパッチ | 多態性 or パターンマッチ |
+
+## まとめ
+
+本章では、Abstract Factory パターンについて学びました：
+
+1. **ShapeFactory**: Standard, Outlined, Filled の各ファクトリ
+2. **UIFactory**: Windows, MacOS, Web の各プラットフォーム
+3. **DatabaseFactory**: PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQLite の各データベース
+4. **関数型アプローチ**: 設定と修飾子による合成
+5. **ファクトリレジストリ**: ファクトリの動的な登録と取得
+
+Abstract Factory パターンは、関連するオブジェクトのファミリーを一貫して生成する必要がある場面で有効です。
+
+## 参考コード
+
+本章のコード例は以下のファイルで確認できます：
+
+- ソースコード: `apps/scala/part3/src/main/scala/AbstractFactoryPattern.scala`
+- テストコード: `apps/scala/part3/src/test/scala/AbstractFactoryPatternSpec.scala`
+
+## 次章予告
+
+次章では、**Abstract Server パターン**について学びます。依存関係の逆転を実現し、モジュール間の疎結合を達成する方法を探ります。