@bitefoundry/retrieviewer 0.0.0-stage → 0.0.2

package/vendor/procedural-animals/src/species/cheetah/rig.js

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+// Cheetah skeleton in bind pose (metres). Forward = +Z, up = +Y, the animal's left = +X.
+// Proportions from reference photos and cheetah limb osteometry
+// (humerus ~0.23 m, radius ~0.22 m, femur ~0.26 m, tibia ~0.255 m, metatarsus ~0.13 m,
+//  shoulder height ~0.76 m, head-body ~1.36 m, tail ~0.72 m).
+import { buildRig } from '../../core/rig/rig.js';
+import { quadrupedBones, quadrupedLimbs, tailChain } from '../../core/rig/quadruped.js';
+
+export const TAIL_SEGS = 10;
+export const HEAD_O = [0, 0.79, 0.6]; // head-local origin (between eyes and ears)
+
+export function cheetahJoints() {
+  const J = {
+    nose: [0, 0.772, 0.7],
+    occiput: [0, 0.79, 0.525],
+    neckMid: [0, 0.716, 0.45],
+    neckBase: [0, 0.63, 0.34],
+    chestMid: [0, 0.648, 0.16],
+    thoraxRear: [0, 0.668, -0.03],
+    lumbarMid: [0, 0.68, -0.225],
+    lumbosacral: [0, 0.668, -0.41],
+    tailBase: [0, 0.655, -0.595],
+    scapTopL: [0.045, 0.706, 0.286],
+    shoulderL: [0.08, 0.536, 0.386],
+    elbowL: [0.078, 0.346, 0.256],
+    wristL: [0.068, 0.126, 0.276],
+    mcpL: [0.066, 0.038, 0.306],
+    ftoeL: [0.066, 0.016, 0.353],
+    hipL: [0.072, 0.572, -0.46],
+    kneeL: [0.09, 0.34, -0.345],
+    hockL: [0.078, 0.172, -0.54],
+    mtpL: [0.074, 0.038, -0.51],
+    htoeL: [0.074, 0.016, -0.46],
+    jawHinge: [0, 0.755, 0.58],
+    jawTip: [0, 0.73, 0.66],
+    earBaseL: [0.052, 0.83, 0.552],
+    earTipL: [0.08, 0.853, 0.548],
+  };
+  // relaxed tail: droops then flicks up at the tip (J-curve seen in walking references)
+  tailChain(J, 'tailBase', [-22, -38, -52, -60, -62, -58, -48, -32, -12, 10], [0.07, 0.074, 0.075, 0.075, 0.074, 0.073, 0.071, 0.069, 0.067, 0.065]);
+  return J;
+}
+
+export function cheetahRig() {
+  const J = cheetahJoints();
+  return buildRig({
+    joints: J,
+    unit: 1,
+    headOrigin: HEAD_O,
+    bones: quadrupedBones({ tailSegs: TAIL_SEGS, ears: true, jaw: true }),
+    axial: {
+      points: ['nose', 'occiput', 'neckMid', 'neckBase', 'chestMid', 'thoraxRear', 'lumbarMid', 'lumbosacral', 'tailBase', ...Array.from({ length: TAIL_SEGS }, (_, i) => 'tail' + (i + 1))],
+      bones: ['head', 'neck2', 'neck1', 'chest', 'spine3', 'spine2', 'spine1', 'pelvis', ...Array.from({ length: TAIL_SEGS }, (_, i) => 'tail' + i)],
+      // the skull's influence reaches well back into the nape and throat
+      blend: { 1: [-0.035, 0.08] },
+    },
+    limbs: quadrupedLimbs({
+      front: { tCore: 0.55, aCore: 0.04, aBody: -0.07, midX: 0.0 },
+      hind: { tCore: 0.52, aCore: 0.022, aBody: -0.045, midX: 0.008 },
+    }),
+    appendages: [
+      { group: 'earL', bone: 'earL', blend: [-0.003, 0.005] },
+      { group: 'earR', bone: 'earR', blend: [-0.003, 0.005] },
+    ],
+    webTags: ['flankfold', 'thighfront', 'scapmuscle'],
+  });
+}

package/vendor/procedural-animals/src/species/cheetah/sculpt.js

@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+// The cheetah, sculpted as a signed distance field.
+// Every primitive is attached to a bone (for skinning) and a group (axial / limb / ear / jaw).
+import { HEAD_O, TAIL_SEGS } from './rig.js';
+import { add, sub, mul, lerp, norm, cross } from '../../core/math/vec.js';
+import { eyeFrameOf } from '../../core/sdf/eyeSocket.js';
+
+const hl = (v) => [v[0] + HEAD_O[0], v[1] + HEAD_O[1], v[2] + HEAD_O[2]];
+
+// Eye geometry shared by the sculpt (lids + aperture) and the eyeball shader.
+//  c: head-local eye centre (left); r: eyeball radius; yaw: outward divergence of each eye;
+//  lid: eyelid skin thickness; R, d: almond aperture (two circular arcs) -> 22 mm wide, 10.5 mm
+//  tall, set 1.3 mm low (off) so the upper lid hoods the top of the iris; tilt: inner corner lower.
+export const EYE = { c: [0.027, 0.026, 0.024], r: 0.0122, back: 0.0025, yaw: 0.16, lid: 0.0014, R: 0.014149, d: 0.008899, off: -0.0013, tilt: (12 * Math.PI) / 180, irisZ: 0.00727, irisR: 0.0098 };
+
+const X = [1, 0, 0];
+
+export function sculptCheetah(m, rig) {
+  const J = rig.J;
+  const eyeFrame = (s) => eyeFrameOf(EYE, HEAD_O, s);
+
+  // Ellipsoid whose local Y follows `ydir`; radii = [lateral, along ydir, third axis]
+  const ellY = (o) => {
+    const y = norm(o.ydir);
+    const lat = o.lateral || X;
+    const z = norm(cross(lat, y));
+    return m.ell({ ...o, axis: z, up: y, r: [o.r[0], o.r[1], o.r[2]] });
+  };
+
+  // ---------------------------------------------------------------- TORSO
+  m.ell({ tag: 'ribcage', bone: 'spine3', c: [0, 0.575, 0.13], r: [0.1, 0.18, 0.22], axis: norm([0, 0.15, -1]), k: 0 });
+  m.ell({ tag: 'brisket', bone: 'chest', c: [0, 0.478, 0.3], r: [0.075, 0.095, 0.1], axis: norm([0, -0.35, 1]), k: 0.06 });
+  m.ell({ tag: 'pectoral', bone: 'chest', c: [0, 0.49, 0.35], r: [0.08, 0.08, 0.075], k: 0.05 });
+  m.ell({ tag: 'withers', bone: 'chest', c: [0, 0.705, 0.24], r: [0.055, 0.058, 0.13], axis: norm([0, -0.08, 1]), k: 0.06 });
+  m.ell({ tag: 'back', bone: 'spine3', c: [0, 0.7, 0.0], r: [0.07, 0.05, 0.17], k: 0.06 });
+  m.ell({ tag: 'abdomen', bone: 'spine2', c: [0, 0.628, -0.17], r: [0.076, 0.1, 0.2], axis: norm([0, 0.3, -1]), k: 0.07 });
+  m.ell({ tag: 'loin', bone: 'spine1', c: [0, 0.695, -0.24], r: [0.064, 0.055, 0.19], k: 0.05 });
+  m.ell({ tag: 'flank', bone: 'spine1', c: [0, 0.605, -0.31], r: [0.068, 0.07, 0.1], k: 0.05 });
+  m.ell({ tag: 'pelvis', bone: 'pelvis', c: [0, 0.665, -0.47], r: [0.078, 0.095, 0.135], k: 0.06 });
+  m.ell({ tag: 'croup', bone: 'pelvis', c: [0, 0.715, -0.46], r: [0.06, 0.045, 0.125], k: 0.04 });
+  for (const s of [1, -1]) {
+    m.ell({ tag: 'rump', bone: 'pelvis', c: [0.045 * s, 0.625, -0.575], r: [0.044, 0.075, 0.055], k: 0.04 });
+  }
+
+  // ---------------------------------------------------------------- NECK
+  m.cone({ tag: 'neck', bone: 'neck1', a: [0, 0.61, 0.33], b: [0, 0.705, 0.455], ra: 0.088, rb: 0.064, k: 0.06 });
+  m.cone({ tag: 'neck', bone: 'neck2', a: [0, 0.705, 0.455], b: [0, 0.772, 0.53], ra: 0.064, rb: 0.052, k: 0.04 });
+  m.ell({ tag: 'nape', bone: 'neck1', c: [0, 0.765, 0.43], r: [0.038, 0.028, 0.12], axis: norm([0, 0.35, 1]), k: 0.04 });
+  m.ell({ tag: 'throat', bone: 'neck1', c: [0, 0.655, 0.47], r: [0.046, 0.055, 0.09], axis: norm([0, 0.8, 0.6]), k: 0.05 });
+  m.ell({ tag: 'throat', bone: 'neck2', c: hl([0, -0.054, -0.042]), r: [0.035, 0.028, 0.062], k: 0.03 });
+
+  // ---------------------------------------------------------------- HEAD (modelled in head-local coords, see HEAD_O)
+  // landmarks measured from profile/frontal references: nose tip (0,-0.018,0.10), eyes (+-0.029,0.026,0.021),
+  // chin (0,-0.068,0.058), skull top 0.066, occiput -0.09
+  const H = { bone: 'head' };
+  m.ell({ ...H, tag: 'cranium', c: hl([0, 0.02, -0.03]), r: [0.047, 0.046, 0.062], k: 0.04 });
+  m.ell({ ...H, tag: 'forehead', c: hl([0, 0.034, 0.018]), r: [0.021, 0.03, 0.034], axis: norm([0, -0.6, 1]), k: 0.02 });
+  for (const s of [1, -1]) {
+    m.ell({ ...H, tag: 'brow', c: hl([0.028 * s, 0.042, 0.022]), r: [0.014, 0.007, 0.012], k: 0.012 });
+    m.ell({ ...H, tag: 'zygomatic', c: hl([0.047 * s, 0.006, -0.002]), r: [0.013, 0.02, 0.04], axis: norm([-0.35 * s, 0, 1]), k: 0.025 });
+    m.ell({ ...H, tag: 'cheek', c: hl([0.035 * s, -0.027, 0.004]), r: [0.021, 0.026, 0.036], k: 0.025 });
+    m.ell({ ...H, tag: 'lip', c: hl([0.023 * s, -0.047, 0.05]), r: [0.011, 0.009, 0.03], axis: norm([-0.45 * s, -0.15, 1]), k: 0.012 });
+    m.ell({ ...H, tag: 'mastoid', c: hl([0.034 * s, -0.02, -0.05]), r: [0.022, 0.03, 0.03], k: 0.03 });
+    m.ell({ ...H, tag: 'whisker', c: hl([0.0135 * s, -0.037, 0.078]), r: [0.0145, 0.0135, 0.016], k: 0.012 });
+  }
+  m.ell({ ...H, tag: 'muzzle', c: hl([0, -0.022, 0.058]), r: [0.024, 0.024, 0.032], axis: norm([0, -0.4, 1]), k: 0.02 });
+  m.cone({ ...H, tag: 'nasal', a: hl([0, 0.036, 0.042]), b: hl([0, 0.002, 0.083]), ra: 0.019, rb: 0.014, k: 0.015 });
+  m.ell({ ...H, tag: 'nose', c: hl([0, -0.012, 0.091]), r: [0.0142, 0.0086, 0.0082], axis: norm([0, 0.5, 1]), k: 0.008 });
+  m.ell({ ...H, tag: 'philtrum', c: hl([0, -0.034, 0.088]), r: [0.01, 0.011, 0.008], k: 0.01 });
+  for (const s of [1, -1]) {
+    // eyelids: a thin skin shell hugging the eyeball, cut open along an almond-shaped aperture that
+    // reaches only down to the eyeball, so the eye sits flush in its lids with no cavity around it
+    const ef = eyeFrame(s);
+    const at = (u, v, w) => add(add(add(ef.c, mul(ef.x, u)), mul(ef.y, v)), mul(ef.z, w));
+    // orbit: a soft hollow around the eye so the brow, cheek and nose bridge fall away to the lids
+    // (the inner corner opens toward the tear line instead of being buried under the bridge)
+    ellY({ ...H, tag: 'orbit', c: at(-0.002 * s, -0.0005, 0.019), ydir: ef.y, lateral: ef.x, r: [0.018, 0.0125, 0.009], k: 0.008, carve: true });
+    m.sphere({ ...H, tag: 'eyelid', c: ef.c, rad: EYE.r + EYE.lid, k: 0.005 });
+    m.lens({ ...H, tag: 'eyesocket', c: add(ef.c, mul(ef.y, EYE.off)), x: ef.x, y: ef.y, z: ef.z, R: EYE.R, d: EYE.d, zMin: -0.002, zMax: 0.024, k: 0.0022, carve: true });
+    m.sphere({ ...H, tag: 'nostril', c: hl([0.0065 * s, -0.015, 0.1]), rad: 0.003, k: 0.002, carve: true });
+  }
+
+  // ---------------------------------------------------------------- JAW (separate surface so the mouth can open)
+  const JW = { bone: 'jaw', group: 'jaw', part: 'jaw' };
+  m.cone({ ...JW, tag: 'mandible', a: hl([0, -0.045, -0.012]), b: hl([0, -0.052, 0.044]), ra: 0.018, rb: 0.012, k: 0 });
+  for (const s of [1, -1]) {
+    m.cone({ ...JW, tag: 'mandible', a: hl([0.032 * s, -0.039, -0.028]), b: hl([0.01 * s, -0.051, 0.048]), ra: 0.014, rb: 0.01, k: 0.02 });
+  }
+  m.ell({ ...JW, tag: 'chin', c: hl([0, -0.053, 0.05]), r: [0.015, 0.011, 0.011], k: 0.015 });
+
+  // ---------------------------------------------------------------- EARS
+  for (const S of ['L', 'R']) {
+    const s = S === 'L' ? 1 : -1;
+    const base = J['earBase' + S], tip = J['earTip' + S];
+    const up = norm(sub(tip, base));
+    const facing = norm([1.0 * s, 0.1, 1]);
+    const c = lerp(base, tip, 0.3);
+    const lat = norm(cross(up, facing));
+    const ear = { bone: 'ear' + S, group: 'ear' + S };
+    ellY({ ...ear, tag: 'ear', c, ydir: up, lateral: lat, r: [0.0165, 0.0185, 0.0062], k: 0.012 });
+    ellY({ ...ear, tag: 'earinner', c: add(add(c, mul(facing, 0.0068)), mul(up, 0.003)), ydir: up, lateral: lat, r: [0.0112, 0.0132, 0.0044], k: 0.003, carve: true });
+  }
+
+  // ---------------------------------------------------------------- LEGS
+  for (const S of ['L', 'R']) {
+    const s = S === 'L' ? 1 : -1;
+    const lat = [s, 0, 0];
+    const sx = (v) => [v[0] * s, v[1], v[2]];
+    // front
+    const g = 'F' + S;
+    const Sc = J['scapTop' + S], Sh = J['shoulder' + S], E = J['elbow' + S], W = J['wrist' + S], M = J['mcp' + S], T = J['ftoe' + S];
+    ellY({ tag: 'scapmuscle', bone: 'scapula' + S, group: g, c: add(lerp(Sc, Sh, 0.5), sx([0.006, 0, 0])), ydir: sub(Sh, Sc), lateral: lat, r: [0.022, 0.1, 0.055], k: 0.06, bias: 0.004 });
+    m.cone({ tag: 'upperarm', bone: 'humerus' + S, group: g, a: Sh, b: E, ra: 0.037, rb: 0.031, k: 0.06 });
+    ellY({ tag: 'triceps', bone: 'humerus' + S, group: g, c: add(lerp(Sh, E, 0.55), [0, 0, -0.03]), ydir: sub(E, Sh), lateral: lat, r: [0.03, 0.075, 0.036], k: 0.05 });
+    m.sphere({ tag: 'olecranon', bone: 'radius' + S, group: g, c: add(E, [0, 0.01, -0.028]), rad: 0.019, k: 0.02 });
+    m.cone({ tag: 'forearm', bone: 'radius' + S, group: g, a: E, b: W, ra: 0.032, rb: 0.019, k: 0.025 });
+    ellY({ tag: 'forearmmuscle', bone: 'radius' + S, group: g, c: add(lerp(E, W, 0.25), sx([0.004, 0, 0.004])), ydir: sub(W, E), lateral: lat, r: [0.03, 0.07, 0.034], k: 0.03 });
+    m.sphere({ tag: 'wrist', bone: 'metacarpus' + S, group: g, c: add(W, [0, 0, -0.004]), rad: 0.0195, k: 0.012 });
+    m.sphere({ tag: 'carpalpad', bone: 'metacarpus' + S, group: g, c: add(W, [0, -0.01, -0.02]), rad: 0.009, k: 0.01 });
+    m.cone({ tag: 'pastern', bone: 'metacarpus' + S, group: g, a: W, b: M, ra: 0.018, rb: 0.017, k: 0.012 });
+    m.sphere({ tag: 'dewclaw', bone: 'metacarpus' + S, group: g, c: add(lerp(W, M, 0.35), sx([-0.016, 0, 0.004])), rad: 0.007, k: 0.006 });
+    const dp = norm(sub(T, M));
+    ellY({ tag: 'paw', bone: 'fpaw' + S, group: g, c: add(add(M, mul(dp, 0.02)), [0, -0.006, 0]), ydir: dp, lateral: lat, r: [0.026, 0.036, 0.018], k: 0.014 });
+    m.sphere({ tag: 'pad', bone: 'fpaw' + S, group: g, c: add(M, [0, -0.026, 0.012]), rad: 0.012, k: 0.01 });
+    const toeX = [-0.019, -0.0065, 0.0065, 0.019], toeZ = [-0.009, 0, 0, -0.009];
+    for (let i = 0; i < 4; i++) m.sphere({ tag: 'toe', bone: 'fpaw' + S, group: g, c: [T[0] + toeX[i] * s, 0.0115, T[2] - 0.008 + toeZ[i]], rad: 0.0105, k: 0.007 });
+
+    // hind
+    const h = 'H' + S;
+    const Hp = J['hip' + S], K = J['knee' + S], Hk = J['hock' + S], Mt = J['mtp' + S], Tt = J['htoe' + S];
+    // The thigh is a broad teardrop in side view: wide where it rises into the flank and croup,
+    // narrowing to the stifle. Its cranial edge climbs all the way up to the iliac wing and the
+    // flank fold webs the stifle to the belly, so there is no notch between belly and thigh.
+    ellY({ tag: 'thigh', bone: 'femur' + S, group: h, c: add(lerp(Hp, K, 0.4), sx([0.004, 0, -0.035])), ydir: sub(K, Hp), lateral: lat, r: [0.041, 0.15, 0.1], k: 0.05, bias: 0.004 });
+    m.cone({ tag: 'thighfront', bone: 'femur' + S, group: h, a: sx([0.04, 0.625, -0.33]), b: add(K, sx([-0.004, 0.055, 0.0])), ra: 0.04, rb: 0.025, k: 0.06 });
+    m.cone({ tag: 'hamstring', bone: 'femur' + S, group: h, a: sx([0.046, 0.625, -0.595]), b: add(lerp(K, Hk, 0.28), [0, 0, -0.028]), ra: 0.045, rb: 0.028, k: 0.04 });
+    ellY({ tag: 'flankfold', bone: 'femur' + S, group: h, c: sx([0.05, 0.475, -0.29]), ydir: [-0.03, 0.16, 0.1], lateral: lat, r: [0.02, 0.085, 0.04], k: 0.06 });
+    m.sphere({ tag: 'stifle', bone: 'tibia' + S, group: h, c: add(K, sx([0.002, 0.008, 0.006])), rad: 0.0175, k: 0.04 });
+    m.cone({ tag: 'shin', bone: 'tibia' + S, group: h, a: add(lerp(K, Hk, 0.06), sx([0.0, 0.0, 0.004])), b: Hk, ra: 0.024, rb: 0.018, k: 0.03 });
+    ellY({ tag: 'calf', bone: 'tibia' + S, group: h, c: add(lerp(K, Hk, 0.3), sx([0.002, 0.01, -0.027])), ydir: sub(Hk, K), lateral: lat, r: [0.025, 0.065, 0.029], k: 0.035 });
+    m.cone({ tag: 'achilles', bone: 'tibia' + S, group: h, a: add(lerp(K, Hk, 0.5), [0, 0.01, -0.035]), b: add(Hk, [0, 0.012, -0.03]), ra: 0.012, rb: 0.011, k: 0.015 });
+    m.sphere({ tag: 'calcaneus', bone: 'metatarsus' + S, group: h, c: add(Hk, [0, 0.012, -0.026]), rad: 0.015, k: 0.012 });
+    m.sphere({ tag: 'hock', bone: 'metatarsus' + S, group: h, c: Hk, rad: 0.021, k: 0.012 });
+    m.cone({ tag: 'metatarsus', bone: 'metatarsus' + S, group: h, a: Hk, b: Mt, ra: 0.018, rb: 0.016, k: 0.012 });
+    const dh = norm(sub(Tt, Mt));
+    ellY({ tag: 'paw', bone: 'hpaw' + S, group: h, c: add(add(Mt, mul(dh, 0.02)), [0, -0.006, 0]), ydir: dh, lateral: lat, r: [0.024, 0.034, 0.017], k: 0.014 });
+    m.sphere({ tag: 'pad', bone: 'hpaw' + S, group: h, c: add(Mt, [0, -0.026, 0.01]), rad: 0.011, k: 0.01 });
+    for (let i = 0; i < 4; i++) m.sphere({ tag: 'toe', bone: 'hpaw' + S, group: h, c: [Tt[0] + toeX[i] * 0.95 * s, 0.011, Tt[2] - 0.008 + toeZ[i]], rad: 0.0098, k: 0.007 });
+  }
+
+  // ---------------------------------------------------------------- TAIL
+  const tailR = (t) => (t < 0.4 ? 0.034 + (0.024 - 0.034) * (t / 0.4) : t < 0.8 ? 0.024 + (0.021 - 0.024) * ((t - 0.4) / 0.4) : 0.021 - 0.002 * ((t - 0.8) / 0.2));
+  m.cone({ tag: 'tailroot', bone: 'tail0', a: [0, 0.672, -0.545], b: J.tail1, ra: 0.05, rb: tailR(0.1), k: 0.04 });
+  for (let i = 0; i < TAIL_SEGS; i++) {
+    m.cone({ tag: 'tail', bone: 'tail' + i, a: J['tail' + i], b: J['tail' + (i + 1)], ra: tailR(i / TAIL_SEGS), rb: tailR((i + 1) / TAIL_SEGS), k: 0 });
+  }
+
+  return m;
+}

package/vendor/procedural-animals/src/species/chicken/coat.js

@@ -0,0 +1,313 @@
+// The chicken's plumage and bare parts, baked per vertex: contour-feather shingles (material 9) coloured
+// by feather tract (hackle, back, wing bow, breast, fluff, saddle) with per-feather markings (shaft
+// streaks, bars, spangles; surf.z < 0, marking colour in patternColor), a soft down haze that is long
+// in the fluffy underparts and drumsticks, hair-like lanceolate hackles and saddle on roosters, bare
+// glossy red skin on the face, comb and wattles (material 4), red or white earlobes, a horn-yellow
+// keratin bill and claws, and scaled shanks and toes (material 6). Colours per breed and sex are in
+// palette() (sampled from the reference photos and breed standards).
+import { SDFModel } from '../../core/sdf/sdf.js';
+import { norm, sub, dot, cross, add, mul, clamp, smoothstep, mix, fbm3 } from '../../core/math/vec.js';
+import { srgb, mix3, MAT } from '../../core/build/coatKit.js';
+
+// feather marking modes (shader: coatMaterial.js, material 9, surf.z = -(mode + amount))
+export const MARK = { lace: 0, bar: 1, shaft: 2, spangle: 3 };
+const markZ = (mode, amt) => -(mode + clamp(amt, 0, 0.98));
+
+const C = (hex) => srgb(hex);
+export function palette(p = {}) {
+  const breed = p.breed || 'red', male = p.sex === 'male', juv = p.age === 'juvenile';
+  const skin = { comb: C(0xc41f2a), wattle: C(0xb81d24), face: C(0xcc3a42), lobe: C(0xbd2e38), lobeWhite: C(0xece6da) };
+  const P = {
+    red: male
+      ? { body: C(0x7a2c12), back: C(0x9c3f16), hackle: C(0xc8741e), hackleTip: C(0xe0a040), saddle: C(0xc05a18), bow: C(0x6e2410), breast: C(0x1a1410), fluff: C(0x2a2420), tail: C(0x10171a), tailIrid: 0.7, flight: C(0x2a2018), flightEdge: C(0x8a4a22), leg: C(0xd8b04a), bill: C(0xcfae6a), lobe: 'red', marks: [] }
+      : { body: C(0x9c5a2c), back: C(0x98562a), hackle: C(0xb67434), hackleTip: C(0xc4843e), saddle: C(0x9c5a2c), bow: C(0x8a4a24), breast: C(0xa4602e), fluff: C(0xd6bf98), tail: C(0x3e2416), tailIrid: 0.1, flight: C(0x5e3820), flightEdge: C(0xa06c3e), leg: C(0xdcb44a), bill: C(0xd8b876), lobe: 'red', marks: [{ mode: MARK.shaft, amt: 0.6, col: C(0x4e2612), where: ['hackle', 'head'] }, { mode: MARK.lace, amt: 0.4, col: C(0xc89458), where: ['back', 'wing', 'body'] }] },
+    leghorn: { body: C(0xefede6), back: C(0xefede6), hackle: C(0xf2f0ea), hackleTip: C(0xf4f2ec), saddle: C(0xf1efe8), bow: C(0xece9e1), breast: C(0xf0eee7), fluff: C(0xf3f2ee), tail: C(0xeeece5), tailIrid: 0, flight: C(0xebe8df), flightEdge: C(0xf1efe8), leg: C(0xe6c34a), bill: C(0xe6c86a), lobe: 'white', marks: [] },
+    australorp: { body: C(0x141619), back: C(0x131518), hackle: C(0x15171a), hackleTip: C(0x17191c), saddle: C(0x141619), bow: C(0x131518), breast: C(0x16181b), fluff: C(0x34363a), tail: C(0x101214), tailIrid: 0.8, flight: C(0x111214), flightEdge: C(0x161719), leg: C(0x2c2e32), bill: C(0x2e2e30), lobe: 'red', marks: [], irid: 0.75 },
+    barred: { body: C(0xdcdcd4), back: C(0xd8d8d0), hackle: C(0xdedfd8), hackleTip: C(0xe2e2dc), saddle: C(0xdcdcd4), bow: C(0xd8d8d0), breast: C(0xdcdcd4), fluff: C(0xcacac2), tail: C(0xcfcfc8), tailIrid: 0, flight: C(0xb8b8b0), flightEdge: C(0xd0d0c8), leg: C(0xe2bf4c), bill: C(0xe0c262), lobe: 'red', marks: [{ mode: MARK.bar, amt: male ? 0.78 : 0.92, col: C(0x1c1c1e), where: 'all' }], barred: true },
+    buff: { body: C(0xcf9a52), back: C(0xcb944c), hackle: C(0xd6a45c), hackleTip: C(0xdcae66), saddle: C(0xd0984e), bow: C(0xc68e48), breast: C(0xd09a54), fluff: C(0xe0c08a), tail: C(0xb67e3c), tailIrid: 0, flight: C(0xbd8743), flightEdge: C(0xd2a05a), leg: C(0xe6cfbe), bill: C(0xe0c8a2), lobe: 'red', marks: [] },
+    speckled: { body: C(0x6a2c16), back: C(0x6a2c16), hackle: C(0x7a3518), hackleTip: C(0x8a4020), saddle: C(0x6e2e16), bow: C(0x622814), breast: C(0x6e2e16), fluff: C(0xb8a088), tail: C(0x1c1614), tailIrid: 0.4, flight: C(0x3c2014), flightEdge: C(0xe8e2d6), leg: C(0xe3cbbd), bill: C(0xd8c6a0), lobe: 'red', marks: [{ mode: MARK.spangle, amt: 0.8, col: C(0xf2eee6), where: 'all' }], spangled: true },
+  };
+  const out = { ...(P[breed] || P.red), ...skin, breed, male };
+  if (!male && breed === 'red') out.tail = C(0x4a2a16);
+  // chicks: down only (yellow, black or chipmunk-striped), pale legs and bill, no comb
+  if (juv) {
+    const down = {
+      red: { body: C(0xd7b77a), back: C(0x8a6238), stripe: C(0x6b4726), fluff: C(0xeedca2) },
+      leghorn: { body: C(0xf2e08a), back: C(0xf0dc84), fluff: C(0xf6ea9e) },
+      buff: { body: C(0xf0d488), back: C(0xecce80), fluff: C(0xf6e4a2) },
+      australorp: { body: C(0x1a1a1c), back: C(0x161618), fluff: C(0xd8d0b0) },
+      barred: { body: C(0x1c1c1e), back: C(0x18181a), fluff: C(0x5a5a58), spot: C(0xf0ecd8) },
+      speckled: { body: C(0x7a5836), back: C(0x5e3f24), stripe: C(0x4a2e1a), fluff: C(0xdcc49a) },
+    }[breed] || { body: C(0xf2e08a), back: C(0xf0dc84), fluff: C(0xf6ea9e) };
+    Object.assign(out, down, { hackle: down.body, hackleTip: down.body, saddle: down.back, bow: down.back, breast: down.fluff, tail: down.back, flight: mix3(down.back, down.body, 0.3), flightEdge: down.body, tailIrid: 0, marks: [], leg: C(0xe9c98a), bill: C(0xd9bc8c), juv: true });
+  }
+  if (p.tone) for (const k of ['body', 'back', 'hackle', 'hackleTip', 'saddle', 'bow', 'breast', 'tail', 'flight']) out[k] = out[k].map((x) => x * p.tone);
+  return out;
+}
+
+export function chickenCoat(ctx) {
+  const { model, rig, pos, nrm, regionOf, regionNames, weights, nV, params } = ctx;
+  const { BONES, J } = rig;
+  const form = params.form || {};
+  const Pal = palette(params);
+  const male = params.sex === 'male' && !Pal.juv;
+  const comb = new Float32Array(nV * 3), tint = new Float32Array(nV * 4), surf = new Float32Array(nV * 4);
+  const furLen = new Float32Array(nV), mark = new Float32Array(nV).fill(1), pattern = new Float32Array(nV).fill(1), patCol = new Float32Array(nV * 4);
+  const boneName = BONES.map((b) => b.name);
+  const tagged = (...t) => model.prims.filter((p) => t.includes(p.tag));
+  const billP = tagged('bill'), mandP = model.forPart('jaw');
+  const eyeP = tagged('eyesocket'), clawP = tagged('claw'), spurP = tagged('spur');
+  const combP = tagged('comb'), wattleP = tagged('wattle'), lobeP = tagged('earlobe');
+  const legP = tagged('tarsus', 'toe', 'pad', 'hock', 'spur', 'shank');
+  const minD = (list, p) => { let d = 1e9; for (const q of list) d = Math.min(d, SDFModel.dist(q, p[0], p[1], p[2])); return d; };
+  const HO = rig.headOrigin, hk = form.headK ?? 1;
+  const axialPts = rig.AXIAL.points;
+  const axialDir = (p) => {
+    let best = 1e9, dir = [0, 0, -1];
+    for (let i = 0; i < axialPts.length - 1; i++) {
+      const a = axialPts[i], b = axialPts[i + 1], ab = sub(b, a), l2 = dot(ab, ab);
+      const t = clamp(dot(sub(p, a), ab) / l2, 0, 1);
+      const q = add(a, mul(ab, t)), d = Math.hypot(p[0] - q[0], p[1] - q[1], p[2] - q[2]);
+      if (d < best) { best = d; dir = norm(ab); }
+    }
+    return dir;
+  };
+  const lobeCol = Pal.lobe === 'white' ? Pal.lobeWhite : Pal.lobe;
+  const marks = Pal.marks || [];
+  const irid0 = Pal.irid ?? 0.1;
+  const neckTop = J.occiput[1], neckBot = J.neckBase[1];
+  for (let v = 0; v < nV; v++) {
+    const p = [pos[v * 3], pos[v * 3 + 1], pos[v * 3 + 2]], n = [nrm[v * 3], nrm[v * 3 + 1], nrm[v * 3 + 2]];
+    const bn = boneName[weights.dominant[v]] || '';
+    const region = regionNames[regionOf[v]];
+    let col = Pal.body, mat = MAT.FEATHER, fl = 0.004, gloss = 0.4, size = 0.022, irid = irid0 * 0.3, mz = 0;
+    let flow = axialDir(p), mcol = null;
+    const h = [(p[0] - HO[0]) / hk, (p[1] - HO[1]) / hk, (p[2] - HO[2]) / hk];
+    const up = n[1];
+    let tract = 'body';
+    if (region === 'jaw' || bn === 'jaw') {
+      mat = MAT.KERATIN; col = Pal.bill; fl = 0; gloss = 0.5; size = 0; irid = 0; flow = [0, 0, 1];
+      if (minD(billP, p) < 0.0005 && h[2] < 0.035) { mat = MAT.MOUTH; col = srgb(0xc98a86); }
+    } else if (bn === 'head' || region === 'head') {
+      // head: feathered crown and nape, bare red face, comb, wattles, earlobes, bill
+      // (grading into the neck's hackles toward the nape: no seam at the head / body cut)
+      const rn = smoothstep(0.016, 0.034, Math.hypot(h[0] * 0.6, h[1], h[2]));
+      col = mix3(Pal.hackle, Pal.hackleTip, 0.6); size = mix(0.006, male ? 0.014 : 0.016, rn); fl = mix(0.0025, male ? 0.009 : 0.005, rn); gloss = mix(0.35, male ? 0.55 : 0.4, rn); irid = irid0 * 0.35;
+      flow = norm([0, -0.35, -1]);
+      if (Math.abs(h[0]) > 0.006) flow = norm([h[0] * 10, -0.5, -1]);
+      tract = 'head';
+      const dB = minD(billP, p), dC = combP.length ? minD(combP, p) : 1, dW = wattleP.length ? minD(wattleP, p) : 1, dL = lobeP.length ? minD(lobeP, p) : 1;
+      const cvh = fbm3(p[0] * 700, p[1] * 700, p[2] * 700, 2) - 0.5;
+      const bare = (col2, g2) => { mat = MAT.SKIN; col = col2; fl = 0; gloss = g2; size = 0; irid = 0; tract = 'bare'; };
+      if (dB < 0.0012 && h[2] > 0.0195 - 0.35 * Math.min(0, h[1] + 0.004)) { mat = MAT.KERATIN; col = Pal.bill; fl = 0; gloss = 0.55; irid = 0; size = 0; flow = [0, 0, 1]; tract = 'bill'; }
+      else if (dC < 0.0012) { bare(Pal.comb, 0.55); flow = [0, 1, 0]; }
+      else if (dW < 0.0012) { bare(Pal.wattle, 0.6); flow = [0, -1, 0]; }
+      else if (dL < 0.0009) { bare(lobeCol, 0.5); }
+      else if (!Pal.juv && h[2] > -0.0095 + 0.0015 * cvh && h[2] < 0.03 && h[1] < 0.0048 - 60 * Math.max(0, h[2] - 0.006) ** 2 - 40 * Math.max(0, -0.001 - h[2]) ** 2 + 0.0008 * cvh && h[1] > -0.022 && Math.abs(h[0]) > 0.0024) {
+        // bare facial skin with sparse bristles; feathered at its rear edge
+        bare(Pal.face, 0.45);
+        fl = 0.0012 * smoothstep(-0.004, -0.009, h[2]);
+      }
+      // the eye ring: bare skin at the lid margin
+      for (const e of eyeP) {
+        const de = SDFModel.dist(e, p[0], p[1], p[2]);
+        if (Math.abs(de) < 0.0011) { mat = MAT.DARK_SKIN; col = Pal.juv ? srgb(0x3a3230) : mix3(Pal.face, srgb(0x40181a), 0.5); fl = 0; tract = 'bare'; }
+      }
+      if (Pal.juv && tract === 'head') { mat = MAT.FUR; fl = 0.007; size = 0.004; col = mix3(Pal.body, Pal.fluff, 0.3); gloss = 0.2; }
+    } else if (/^(tarsus|toe)/.test(bn) || (bn.startsWith('tibia') && minD(legP, p) < 0.0009)) {
+      // scaled shank and toes: large scutes down the front, small reticulate scales behind
+      mat = MAT.SCALES; col = Pal.leg; fl = 0; gloss = 0.4; irid = 0; tract = 'leg';
+      const front = bn.startsWith('tarsus') ? smoothstep(-0.2, 0.6, n[2]) : 0.5;
+      size = mix(0.0022, 0.0042, front);
+      flow = [0, -1, 0];
+      if (/^toe/.test(bn)) { const b = BONES[weights.dominant[v]]; flow = norm(sub(b.tail, b.head)); size = 0.0028; }
+      if (minD(clawP, p) < 0.0005) { mat = MAT.KERATIN; col = mix3(Pal.leg, srgb(0x6a6056), 0.5); gloss = 0.6; size = 0; }
+      if (spurP.length && minD(spurP, p) < 0.0006) { mat = MAT.KERATIN; col = mix3(Pal.leg, srgb(0x5a5048), 0.45); gloss = 0.6; size = 0; }
+    } else if (bn.startsWith('tibia') || bn.startsWith('femur')) {
+      // drumstick: soft fluffy feathers pointing down the leg
+      col = mix3(Pal.fluff, Pal.body, Pal.juv ? 0.4 : 0.55); fl = Pal.juv ? 0.009 : 0.008; size = 0.016; gloss = 0.3; irid = 0; tract = 'fluff';
+      flow = [0, -1, -0.3];
+    } else if (/^(humerus|ulna|hand)/.test(bn)) {
+      // wing coverts: lie toward the trailing edge; the bow (lesser coverts) is darker on red breeds
+      const b = BONES[weights.dominant[v]];
+      const d = norm(sub(b.tail, b.head));
+      const sL = b.side === 'R' ? 'R' : 'L';
+      let wn = norm(cross(sub(J['elbow' + sL], J['shoulder' + sL]), sub(J['wrist' + sL], J['elbow' + sL])));
+      if (wn[1] < 0) wn = mul(wn, -1);
+      const s = b.side === 'R' ? -1 : 1;
+      flow = mul(norm(cross(wn, d)), s);
+      if (!Pal.juv && /^(ulna|hand)/.test(bn)) {
+        // the forearm's coverts lie back and down along the folded flight feathers, as the greater
+        // covert cards along the shield's rim (coverts.js), not straight across the forearm
+        const dU = norm(sub(J['wrist' + sL], J['elbow' + sL])), tU = mul(norm(cross(wn, dU)), s);
+        flow = norm(add(mul(dU, -0.64), mul(tU, 0.77)));
+      }
+      size = 0.02; fl = 0.003; tract = 'wing';
+      const top = dot(n, wn);
+      col = top < 0 ? mix3(Pal.fluff, Pal.body, 0.5) : Pal.bow;
+      irid = top < 0 ? 0 : irid0 * 0.8;
+      // a chick's wing is down in the colour of the down on its bed (the folded wing lies on the flank's
+      // brown: its pale underside and dark bow showed as a lens and a dark knob at the wrist), the
+      // underwing a little lighter; as long as the down around it
+      if (Pal.juv) { const L = chickWingDownLook(params); col = top < 0 ? L.under : L.top; fl = top < 0 ? L.furUnder : L.fur; mat = MAT.FUR; size = L.size / (params.size || 1); gloss = L.gloss; irid = 0; }
+    } else {
+      // body tracts
+      const dorsal = smoothstep(-0.25, 0.45, up);
+      const ny = (p[1] - neckBot) / Math.max(1e-3, neckTop - neckBot);
+      if (bn.startsWith('neck') || (bn === 'chest' && ny > -0.25 && p[2] > J.synsacrum[2])) {
+        // hackles: narrow feathers flowing down the neck and over the shoulders
+        tract = 'hackle';
+        col = mix3(Pal.hackle, Pal.hackleTip, smoothstep(0.2, 1, ny) * 0.6);
+        size = male ? 0.014 : 0.016; fl = male ? 0.009 : 0.005; gloss = male ? 0.55 : 0.4; irid = irid0 * 0.35;
+        // the breast below the hackles (roosters: black breast)
+        if (up < -0.1 && p[2] > J.neckBase[2]) { col = mix3(col, Pal.breast, smoothstep(-0.1, -0.5, up)); tract = 'breast'; }
+      } else {
+        col = mix3(Pal.breast, Pal.back, dorsal);
+        size = p[2] > 0.02 ? 0.02 : 0.024;
+        fl = mix(0.007, 0.0035, dorsal); gloss = mix(0.3, 0.45, dorsal);
+        irid = irid0 * mix(0.3, 0.9, dorsal);
+        tract = dorsal > 0.5 ? 'back' : 'breast';
+        // underparts: fluffy, light
+        const under = smoothstep(0.2, -0.5, up) * smoothstep(0.175, 0.13, p[1]);
+        col = mix3(col, Pal.fluff, under * (male && Pal.breed === 'red' ? 0.4 : 0.85));
+        fl = mix(fl, Pal.juv ? 0.01 : 0.012, under);
+        if (under > 0.5) tract = 'fluff';
+        // saddle / rump: the back rising into the tail
+        const sw = smoothstep(J.synsacrum[2] + 0.015, J.synsacrum[2] - 0.045, p[2]) * smoothstep(-0.35, 0.25, up) * (bn === 'tail' ? 0 : 1);
+        if (sw > 0) {
+          col = mix3(col, Pal.saddle, sw);
+          if (male) { fl = mix(fl, 0.012, sw); size = mix(size, 0.012, sw); gloss = mix(gloss, 0.55, sw); if (sw > 0.5) tract = 'saddle'; }
+        }
+        if (bn === 'tail') { col = mix3(Pal.tail, Pal.saddle, 0.35); irid = Pal.tailIrid; tract = 'tail'; }
+        // flow: along the body, bending down around the flanks and the breast
+        if (up < 0.3) flow = norm(add(flow, [0, -0.7 * (1 - up), 0]));
+        if (tract === 'saddle') flow = norm(add(flow, [0, -1.2, 0]));
+      }
+      if (Pal.juv) {
+        // chick down: a soft ball, chipmunk stripes down the back on brown breeds, a pale belly
+        // (in a crease whose skin turns down from the ball's radial direction - the wing's bed under the
+        // folded wing - by the radial direction: the bed's upper wall showed as a pale band along the wing)
+        const rd = norm(sub(p, [0, J.hipL[1] + 0.01, -0.01])), wR = 1 - smoothstep(0.6, 0.95, dot(n, rd));
+        const upJ = Math.max(up, mix(up, rd[1], wR)), dorsalJ = smoothstep(-0.25, 0.45, upJ);
+        col = mix3(Pal.fluff, Pal.body, smoothstep(-0.6, 0.2, upJ));
+        if (dorsalJ > 0.4) col = mix3(col, Pal.back, 0.7);
+        if (Pal.stripe && dorsal > 0.55) {
+          const st = Math.abs(p[0]);
+          const band = smoothstep(0.012, 0.006, Math.abs(st - 0.022)) + smoothstep(0.008, 0.003, st);
+          col = mix3(col, Pal.stripe, clamp(band, 0, 1) * 0.85);
+        }
+        mat = MAT.FUR; fl = 0.012; size = 0.004; gloss = 0.2; irid = 0;
+      }
+    }
+    // chicks: all down (fur shells), no contour feathers yet
+    if (Pal.juv && mat === MAT.FEATHER) { mat = MAT.FUR; fl = Math.max(fl, 0.009); }
+    // per-feather markings (shader), by tract
+    if (mat === MAT.FEATHER && !Pal.juv) {
+      for (const mk of marks) {
+        if (mk.where !== 'all' && !mk.where.includes(tract)) continue;
+        mz = markZ(mk.mode, mk.amt * (tract === 'fluff' ? 0.5 : 1));
+        mcol = mk.col;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    // red roosters: hackle and saddle feathers with a dark centre stripe, black-green tail
+    if (male && Pal.breed === 'red' && (tract === 'hackle' || tract === 'saddle')) { mz = markZ(MARK.shaft, 0.35); mcol = srgb(0x3a1a0a); }
+    // low-frequency colour variation
+    const cv = fbm3(p[0] * 30 + (params.seed || 0), p[1] * 30, p[2] * 30, 3) - 0.5;
+    const kv = mat === MAT.FEATHER ? 0.22 : mat === MAT.SKIN ? 0.12 : 0.1;
+    col = [col[0] * (1 + kv * cv), col[1] * (1 + kv * cv), col[2] * (1 + kv * 0.8 * cv)];
+    // comb: tangent to the surface
+    const f = sub(flow, mul(n, dot(flow, n)));
+    const fN = norm(Math.hypot(...f) > 1e-6 ? f : cross(n, [1, 0, 0]));
+    comb.set(fN, v * 3);
+    tint[v * 4] = col[0]; tint[v * 4 + 1] = col[1]; tint[v * 4 + 2] = col[2]; tint[v * 4 + 3] = mat;
+    furLen[v] = fl;
+    surf[v * 4] = gloss; surf[v * 4 + 1] = size * (params.size || 1);
+    surf[v * 4 + 2] = mat === MAT.FEATHER ? mz : 0;
+    surf[v * 4 + 3] = mat === MAT.FEATHER ? irid : 0;
+    if (mcol) { patCol[v * 4] = mcol[0]; patCol[v * 4 + 1] = mcol[1]; patCol[v * 4 + 2] = mcol[2]; patCol[v * 4 + 3] = 0; }
+  }
+  return { comb, tint, pattern, mark, furLen, surf, patternColor: patCol };
+}
+
+// flight-feather card colours per breed: primaries with a lighter outer edge on red birds, black-green
+// sickles and tail on red roosters, barred / spangled vanes
+export function chickenFeatherColour(params) {
+  const Pal = palette(params);
+  const male = params.sex === 'male';
+  return (kind, i, side, t, c, layer) => {
+    const top = layer > 0;
+    const covert = kind.endsWith('Covert');
+    let rgb = Pal.flight, irid = 0, gloss = 0.4;
+    if (kind === 'rectrix' || kind === 'tailCovert') { rgb = Pal.tail; irid = Pal.tailIrid; gloss = 0.5; }
+    // (a spangled breed's flight feathers are mahogany edged, white only at the spangled tips)
+    if (kind === 'primary' && c < -0.3) rgb = mix3(rgb, Pal.spangled ? mix3(Pal.body, Pal.flightEdge, 0.2) : Pal.flightEdge, 0.35);
+    if (kind === 'primary' || kind === 'secondary') gloss = 0.22;
+    if (kind === 'secondary' && top) {
+      // folded, the secondaries show their outer vanes as a stack of edges below the covert shield:
+      // a lighter fringe on each outer vane reads as feathers (a flat dark panel read as one plastic
+      // slab); the tertials (innermost) lie on top along the back and are coloured like the coverts
+      const lace = Pal.marks?.find((m) => m.mode === MARK.lace)?.col;
+      // (each feather darker along its shaft and lighter toward its edges: the overlapping feathers
+      // of the panel read one by one, not as a flat slab)
+      const ac = Math.abs(c);
+      // (a spangled breed's secondaries are mahogany with white tips, not white-edged)
+      const edge = Pal.spangled ? mix3(Pal.body, Pal.flightEdge, 0.2) : Pal.flightEdge;
+      // (vanes render lighter than the shingled skin around them: a little darker than the coverts)
+      if (i >= 7) rgb = mix3(mix3(mix3(Pal.bow, Pal.flight, 0.45), lace || edge, 0.3 * ac), Pal.flight, 0.5 * (1 - ac) * (1 - t * 0.5)).map((x) => x * 0.82);
+      else rgb = c < 0 ? mix3(rgb, edge, 0.6) : mix3(rgb, Pal.bow, 0.2);
+    }
+    if (covert && kind !== 'tailCovert') rgb = mix3(Pal.bow, Pal.body, 0.3);
+    // the greater coverts along the folded wing's shield (coverts.js): the shield's colour, a slightly
+    // darker base, no light fringe (a row of pale edges read as a comb)
+    if (kind === 'wingCovert') rgb = mix3(Pal.bow, Pal.back, 0.3).map((x) => x * (0.7 + 0.12 * t));
+    if (kind === 'tailCovert' && male && Pal.breed === 'red') { rgb = Pal.tail; irid = 0.8; }
+    if (kind === 'tailCovert' && !male) rgb = mix3(Pal.saddle, Pal.tail, 0.2);
+    // barred: light vanes with dark bars across them, drawn in the shader (a few per-vertex bars on a
+    // card averaged to a plain grey band)
+    let bar = null;
+    if (Pal.barred) { rgb = srgb(0xd8d8d0); bar = { rgb: mix3(srgb(0xd8d8d0), srgb(0x1e1e20), male ? 0.66 : 0.78), period: kind === 'primary' || kind === 'rectrix' ? 0.0075 : 0.0062 }; }
+    // (a chick's down has no spangles: its palette keeps the breed flag but no feather marks)
+    if (Pal.spangled && Pal.marks.length && t > 0.85) rgb = mix3(rgb, Pal.marks[0].col, kind === 'primary' || kind === 'secondary' ? smoothstep(0.85, 1, t) : 1);
+    if (!top) rgb = mix3(rgb, srgb(0x9a948c), 0.15);
+    const k = 1 + (kind === 'secondary' ? 0.1 : 0.06) * Math.sin(i * 12.9898 + side * 3.1 + t * 2.1);
+    return { rgb: [rgb[0] * k, rgb[1] * k, rgb[2] * k], gloss: top ? gloss : 0.3, irid: top ? irid : irid * 0.2, bar };
+  };
+}
+
+// the greater covert cards on the folded wing (coverts.js) shaded as the shield's contour feathers
+// (material FEATHER: big shingles, the wing tract's colour and markings except the lace, which the
+// shingle shader would draw across a card; matte: a glossy card caught the sky as a lavender band)
+export function chickenWingCovertLook(params) {
+  const Pal = palette(params);
+  let mz = 0, mcol = null;
+  for (const mk of Pal.marks || []) {
+    if (mk.mode === MARK.lace) continue;
+    if (mk.where !== 'all' && !mk.where.includes('wing')) continue;
+    mz = markZ(mk.mode, mk.amt); mcol = mk.col; break;
+  }
+  // (no fur shells on a card: darker than the shield's base colour, whose down shells darken it)
+  // (a rooster's wing is his dark bow colour: mixed with his bright back it read as an orange patch)
+  const base = Pal.male ? mix3(Pal.bow, Pal.flight, 0.2) : mix3(Pal.bow, Pal.back, 0.4);
+  return { rgb: base.map((x) => x * 0.99), gloss: 0.1, size: 0.035 * (params.size || 1), mz, mcol, irid: Pal.irid ? Pal.irid * 0.35 : 0, fur: 0.003 };
+}
+
+// the tertials on the folded wing (index.js restyle: their top layers shaded as contour feathers with down):
+// the wing tract's colour and markings, lacing included (they are big enough for the shingle shader's lace)
+export function chickenTertialLook(params) {
+  const Pal = palette(params), L0 = chickenWingCovertLook(params);
+  let mz = L0.mz, mcol = L0.mcol;
+  for (const mk of Pal.marks || []) {
+    if (mk.where !== 'all' && !mk.where.includes('wing')) continue;
+    mz = markZ(mk.mode, mk.amt); mcol = mk.col; break;
+  }
+  return { ...L0, rgb: L0.rgb.map((x) => x * 1.15), size: 0.022 * (params.size || 1), gloss: 0.3, mz, mcol };
+}
+
+// a chick's wing cards restyled as down (wingLook.js downyWing): the top the down of the folded wing's
+// bed (back over body), the underside the pale underwing
+export function chickWingDownLook(params) {
+  const Pal = palette(params);
+  const top = mix3(Pal.back, Pal.body, 0.3);
+  return { top, under: mix3(top, Pal.fluff, 0.35), fur: 0.012, furUnder: 0.004, furTip: 0.7, size: 0.004 * (params.size || 1), gloss: 0.2 };
+}