wiringpi-ruby 2.0.0 → 2.0.1

data/ext/wiringpi/WiringPi/examples/spiSpeed.c

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+/*
+ * spiSpeed.c:
+ *	Code to measure the SPI speed/latency.
+ *	Copyright (c) 2014 Gordon Henderson
+ ***********************************************************************
+ * This file is part of wiringPi:
+ *	https://projects.drogon.net/raspberry-pi/wiringpi/
+ *
+ *    wiringPi is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *    it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
+ *    published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
+ *    License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *    wiringPi is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *    GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ *    License along with wiringPi.
+ *    If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ ***********************************************************************
+ */
+
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+//#include <fcntl.h>
+//#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+//#include <linux/spi/spidev.h>
+
+#include <wiringPi.h>
+#include <wiringPiSPI.h>
+
+#define	TRUE	(1==1)
+#define	FALSE	(!TRUE)
+
+#define	SPI_CHAN		0
+#define	NUM_TIMES		100
+#define	MAX_SIZE		(1024*1024)
+
+static int myFd ;
+
+
+void spiSetup (int speed)
+{
+  if ((myFd = wiringPiSPISetup (SPI_CHAN, speed)) < 0)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Can't open the SPI bus: %s\n", strerror (errno)) ;
+    exit (EXIT_FAILURE) ;
+  }
+}
+
+
+int main (void)
+{
+  int speed, times, size ;
+  unsigned int start, end ;
+  int spiFail ;
+  unsigned char *myData ;
+  double timePerTransaction, perfectTimePerTransaction, dataSpeed ;
+
+  if ((myData = malloc (MAX_SIZE)) == NULL)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Unable to allocate buffer: %s\n", strerror (errno)) ;
+    exit (EXIT_FAILURE) ;
+  }
+
+  wiringPiSetup () ;
+
+  for (speed = 1 ; speed <= 32 ; speed *= 2)
+  {
+    printf ("+-------+--------+----------+----------+-----------+------------+\n") ;
+    printf ("|   MHz |   Size | mS/Trans |      TpS |    Mb/Sec | Latency mS |\n") ;
+    printf ("+-------+--------+----------+----------+-----------+------------+\n") ;
+
+    spiFail = FALSE ;
+    spiSetup (speed * 1000000) ;
+    for (size = 1 ; size <= MAX_SIZE ; size *= 2)
+    {
+      printf ("| %5d | %6d ", speed, size) ;
+
+      start = millis () ;
+      for (times = 0 ; times < NUM_TIMES ; ++times)
+	if (wiringPiSPIDataRW (SPI_CHAN, myData, size) == -1)
+	{
+	  printf ("SPI failure: %s\n", strerror (errno)) ;
+	  spiFail = TRUE ;
+	  break ;
+	}
+      end = millis () ;
+
+      if (spiFail)
+	break ;
+
+      timePerTransaction        = ((double)(end - start) / (double)NUM_TIMES) / 1000.0 ;
+      dataSpeed                 =  (double)(size * 8)    / (1024.0 * 1024.0) / timePerTransaction  ;
+      perfectTimePerTransaction = ((double)(size * 8))   / ((double)(speed * 1000000)) ;
+
+      printf ("| %8.3f ", timePerTransaction * 1000.0) ;
+      printf ("| %8.1f ", 1.0 / timePerTransaction) ;
+      printf ("| %9.5f ", dataSpeed) ;
+      printf ("|   %8.5f ", (timePerTransaction - perfectTimePerTransaction) * 1000.0) ;
+      printf ("|\n") ;
+
+    }
+
+    close (myFd) ;
+    printf ("+-------+--------+----------+----------+-----------+------------+\n") ;
+    printf ("\n") ;
+  }
+
+  return 0 ;
+}

data/ext/wiringpi/WiringPi/examples/wfi.c

@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+/*
+ * wfi.c:
+ *	Wait for Interrupt test program
+ *
+ *	This program demonstrates the use of the waitForInterrupt()
+ *	function in wiringPi. It listens to a button input on
+ *	BCM_GPIO pin 17 (wiringPi pin 0)
+ *
+ *	The biggest issue with this method is that it really only works
+ *	well in Sys mode.
+ *
+ *	Jan 2013: This way of doing things is sort of deprecated now, see
+ *	the wiringPiISR() function instead and the isr.c test program here.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2012-2013 Gordon Henderson.
+ ***********************************************************************
+ * This file is part of wiringPi:
+ *	https://projects.drogon.net/raspberry-pi/wiringpi/
+ *
+ *    wiringPi is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *    it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+ *    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ *    (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *    wiringPi is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *    GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ *    along with wiringPi.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ ***********************************************************************
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <wiringPi.h>
+
+// A 'key' which we can lock and unlock - values are 0 through 3
+//	This is interpreted internally as a pthread_mutex by wiringPi
+//	which is hiding some of that to make life simple.
+
+#define	COUNT_KEY	0
+
+// What BCM_GPIO input are we using?
+
+#define	BUTTON_PIN	17
+
+// Debounce time in mS
+
+#define	DEBOUNCE_TIME	100
+
+
+// globalCounter:
+//	Global variable to count interrupts
+//	Should be declared volatile to make sure the compiler doesn't cache it.
+
+static volatile int globalCounter = 0 ;
+
+
+/*
+ * waitForIt:
+ *	This is a thread created using the wiringPi simplified threading
+ *	mechanism. It will wait on an interrupt on the button and increment
+ *	a counter.
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+PI_THREAD (waitForIt)
+{
+  int state = 0 ;
+  int debounceTime = 0 ;
+
+  (void)piHiPri (10) ;	// Set this thread to be high priority
+
+  for (;;)
+  {
+    if (waitForInterrupt (BUTTON_PIN, -1) > 0)	// Got it
+    {
+// Bouncing?
+
+      if (millis () < debounceTime)
+      {
+	debounceTime = millis () + DEBOUNCE_TIME ;
+	continue ;
+      }
+
+// We have a valid one
+
+      state ^= 1 ;
+
+      piLock (COUNT_KEY) ;
+	++globalCounter ;
+      piUnlock (COUNT_KEY) ;
+
+// Wait for key to be released
+
+      while (digitalRead (BUTTON_PIN) == LOW)
+	delay (1) ;
+
+      debounceTime = millis () + DEBOUNCE_TIME ;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * setup:
+ *	Demo a crude but effective way to initialise the hardware
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+void setup (void)
+{
+
+// Use the gpio program to initialise the hardware
+//	(This is the crude, but effective)
+
+  system ("gpio edge 17 falling") ;
+
+// Setup wiringPi
+
+  wiringPiSetupSys () ;
+
+// Fire off our interrupt handler
+
+  piThreadCreate (waitForIt) ;
+
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * main
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+int main (void)
+{
+  int lastCounter = 0 ;
+  int myCounter   = 0 ;
+
+  setup () ;
+
+  for (;;)
+  {
+    printf ("Waiting ... ") ; fflush (stdout) ;
+
+    while (myCounter == lastCounter)
+    {
+      piLock (COUNT_KEY) ;
+	myCounter = globalCounter ;
+      piUnlock (COUNT_KEY) ;
+      delay (500) ;
+    }
+
+    printf (" Done. myCounter: %5d\n", myCounter) ;
+    lastCounter = myCounter ;
+  }
+
+  return 0 ;
+}

data/ext/wiringpi/WiringPi/gpio/gpio.c

@@ -0,0 +1,1538 @@
+/*
+ * gpio.c:
+ *	Swiss-Army-Knife, Set-UID command-line interface to the Raspberry
+ *	Pi's GPIO.
+ *	Copyright (c) 2012-2018 Gordon Henderson
+ ***********************************************************************
+ * This file is part of wiringPi:
+ *	https://projects.drogon.net/raspberry-pi/wiringpi/
+ *
+ *    wiringPi is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *    it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+ *    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ *    (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *    wiringPi is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *    GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ *    along with wiringPi.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ ***********************************************************************
+ */
+
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+
+#include <wiringPi.h>
+#include <wpiExtensions.h>
+
+#include <gertboard.h>
+#include <piFace.h>
+
+#include "../version.h"
+
+extern int wiringPiDebug ;
+
+// External functions I can't be bothered creating a separate .h file for:
+
+extern void doReadall    (void) ;
+extern void doAllReadall (void) ;
+extern void doQmode      (int argc, char *argv []) ;
+
+#ifndef TRUE
+#  define	TRUE	(1==1)
+#  define	FALSE	(1==2)
+#endif
+
+#define	PI_USB_POWER_CONTROL	38
+#define	I2CDETECT		"i2cdetect"
+#define	MODPROBE		"modprobe"
+#define	RMMOD			"rmmod"
+
+int wpMode ;
+
+char *usage = "Usage: gpio -v\n"
+              "       gpio -h\n"
+              "       gpio [-g|-1] ...\n"
+              "       gpio [-d] ...\n"
+              "       [-x extension:params] [[ -x ...]] ...\n"
+              "       gpio [-p] <read/write/wb> ...\n"
+              "       gpio <mode/read/write/aread/awritewb/pwm/pwmTone/clock> ...\n"
+              "       gpio <toggle/blink> <pin>\n"
+	      "       gpio readall\n"
+	      "       gpio unexportall/exports\n"
+	      "       gpio export/edge/unexport ...\n"
+	      "       gpio wfi <pin> <mode>\n"
+	      "       gpio drive <group> <value>\n"
+	      "       gpio pwm-bal/pwm-ms \n"
+	      "       gpio pwmr <range> \n"
+	      "       gpio pwmc <divider> \n"
+	      "       gpio load spi/i2c\n"
+	      "       gpio unload spi/i2c\n"
+	      "       gpio i2cd/i2cdetect\n"
+	      "       gpio rbx/rbd\n"
+	      "       gpio wb <value>\n"
+	      "       gpio usbp high/low\n"
+	      "       gpio gbr <channel>\n"
+	      "       gpio gbw <channel> <value>" ;	// No trailing newline needed here.
+
+
+#ifdef	NOT_FOR_NOW
+/*
+ * decodePin:
+ *	Decode a pin "number" which can actually be a pin name to represent
+ *	one of the Pi's on-board pins.
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+static int decodePin (const char *str)
+{
+
+// The first case - see if it's a number:
+
+  if (isdigit (str [0]))
+    return atoi (str) ;
+
+  return 0 ;
+}
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+ * findExecutable:
+ *	Code to locate the path to the given executable. We have a fixed list
+ *	of locations to try which completely overrides any $PATH environment.
+ *	This may be detrimental, however it avoids the reliance on $PATH
+ *	which may be a security issue when this program is run a set-uid-root.
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+static const char *searchPath [] =
+{
+  "/sbin",
+  "/usr/sbin",
+  "/bin",
+  "/usr/bin",
+  NULL,
+} ;
+
+static char *findExecutable (const char *progName)
+{
+  static char *path = NULL ;
+  int len = strlen (progName) ;
+  int i = 0 ;
+  struct stat statBuf ;
+
+  for (i = 0 ; searchPath [i] != NULL ; ++i)
+  {
+    path = malloc (strlen (searchPath [i]) + len + 2) ;
+    sprintf (path, "%s/%s", searchPath [i], progName) ;
+
+    if (stat (path, &statBuf) == 0)
+      return path ;
+    free (path) ;
+  }
+
+  return NULL ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * changeOwner:
+ *	Change the ownership of the file to the real userId of the calling
+ *	program so we can access it.
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+static void changeOwner (char *cmd, char *file)
+{
+  uid_t uid = getuid () ;
+  uid_t gid = getgid () ;
+
+  if (chown (file, uid, gid) != 0)
+  {
+
+// Removed (ignoring) the check for not existing as I'm fed-up with morons telling me that
+//	the warning message is an error.
+
+    if (errno != ENOENT)
+      fprintf (stderr, "%s: Unable to change ownership of %s: %s\n", cmd, file, strerror (errno)) ;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * moduleLoaded:
+ *	Return true/false if the supplied module is loaded
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+static int moduleLoaded (char *modName)
+{
+  int len   = strlen (modName) ;
+  int found = FALSE ;
+  FILE *fd = fopen ("/proc/modules", "r") ;
+  char line [80] ;
+
+  if (fd == NULL)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "gpio: Unable to check /proc/modules: %s\n", strerror (errno)) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  while (fgets (line, 80, fd) != NULL)
+  {
+    if (strncmp (line, modName, len) != 0)
+      continue ;
+
+    found = TRUE ;
+    break ;
+  }
+
+  fclose (fd) ;
+
+  return found ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doLoad:
+ *	Load either the spi or i2c modules and change device ownerships, etc.
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+static void checkDevTree (char *argv [])
+{
+  struct stat statBuf ;
+
+  if (stat ("/proc/device-tree", &statBuf) == 0)	// We're on a devtree system ...
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr,
+"%s: Unable to load/unload modules as this Pi has the device tree enabled.\n"
+"  You need to run the raspi-config program (as root) and select the\n"
+"  modules (SPI or I2C) that you wish to load/unload there and reboot.\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+}
+
+static void _doLoadUsage (char *argv [])
+{
+  fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s load <spi/i2c> [I2C baudrate in Kb/sec]\n", argv [0]) ;
+  exit (1) ;
+}
+
+static void doLoad (int argc, char *argv [])
+{
+  char *module1, *module2 ;
+  char cmd [80] ;
+  char *file1, *file2 ;
+  char args1 [32], args2 [32] ;
+
+  checkDevTree (argv) ;
+
+  if (argc < 3)
+    _doLoadUsage (argv) ;
+
+  args1 [0] = args2 [0] = 0 ;
+
+  /**/ if (strcasecmp (argv [2], "spi") == 0)
+  {
+    module1 = "spidev" ;
+    module2 = "spi_bcm2708" ;
+    file1  = "/dev/spidev0.0" ;
+    file2  = "/dev/spidev0.1" ;
+    if (argc == 4)
+    {
+      fprintf (stderr, "%s: Unable to set the buffer size now. Load aborted. Please see the man page.\n", argv [0]) ;
+      exit (1) ;
+    }
+    else if (argc > 4)
+      _doLoadUsage (argv) ;
+  }
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [2], "i2c") == 0)
+  {
+    module1 = "i2c_dev" ;
+    module2 = "i2c_bcm2708" ;
+    file1  = "/dev/i2c-0" ;
+    file2  = "/dev/i2c-1" ;
+    if (argc == 4)
+      sprintf (args2, " baudrate=%d", atoi (argv [3]) * 1000) ;
+    else if (argc > 4)
+      _doLoadUsage (argv) ;
+  }
+  else
+    _doLoadUsage (argv) ;
+
+  if (findExecutable ("modprobe") == NULL)
+    printf ("No found\n") ;
+
+  if (!moduleLoaded (module1))
+  {
+    sprintf (cmd, "%s %s%s", findExecutable (MODPROBE), module1, args1) ;
+    system (cmd) ;
+  }
+
+  if (!moduleLoaded (module2))
+  {
+    sprintf (cmd, "%s %s%s", findExecutable (MODPROBE), module2, args2) ;
+    system (cmd) ;
+  }
+
+  if (!moduleLoaded (module2))
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: Unable to load %s\n", argv [0], module2) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  sleep (1) ;	// To let things get settled
+
+  changeOwner (argv [0], file1) ;
+  changeOwner (argv [0], file2) ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doUnLoad:
+ *	Un-Load either the spi or i2c modules and change device ownerships, etc.
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+static void _doUnLoadUsage (char *argv [])
+{
+  fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s unload <spi/i2c>\n", argv [0]) ;
+  exit (1) ;
+}
+
+static void doUnLoad (int argc, char *argv [])
+{
+  char *module1, *module2 ;
+  char cmd [80] ;
+
+  checkDevTree (argv) ;
+
+  if (argc != 3)
+    _doUnLoadUsage (argv) ;
+
+  /**/ if (strcasecmp (argv [2], "spi") == 0)
+  {
+    module1 = "spidev" ;
+    module2 = "spi_bcm2708" ;
+  }
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [2], "i2c") == 0)
+  {
+    module1 = "i2c_dev" ;
+    module2 = "i2c_bcm2708" ;
+  }
+  else
+    _doUnLoadUsage (argv) ;
+
+  if (moduleLoaded (module1))
+  {
+    sprintf (cmd, "%s %s", findExecutable (RMMOD), module1) ;
+    system (cmd) ;
+  }
+
+  if (moduleLoaded (module2))
+  {
+    sprintf (cmd, "%s %s", findExecutable (RMMOD), module2) ;
+    system (cmd) ;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doI2Cdetect:
+ *	Run the i2cdetect command with the right runes for this Pi revision
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+static void doI2Cdetect (UNU int argc, char *argv [])
+{
+  int port = piGpioLayout () == 1 ? 0 : 1 ;
+  char *c, *command ;
+
+  if ((c = findExecutable (I2CDETECT)) == NULL)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: Unable to find i2cdetect command: %s\n", argv [0], strerror (errno)) ;
+    return ;
+  }
+
+  if (!moduleLoaded ("i2c_dev"))
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: The I2C kernel module(s) are not loaded.\n", argv [0]) ;
+    return ;
+  }
+
+  command = malloc (strlen (c) + 16) ;
+  sprintf (command, "%s -y %d", c, port) ;
+  if (system (command) < 0)
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: Unable to run i2cdetect: %s\n", argv [0], strerror (errno)) ;
+
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doExports:
+ *	List all GPIO exports
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+static void doExports (UNU int argc, UNU char *argv [])
+{
+  int fd ;
+  int i, l, first ;
+  char fName [128] ;
+  char buf [16] ;
+
+  for (first = 0, i = 0 ; i < 64 ; ++i)	// Crude, but effective
+  {
+
+// Try to read the direction
+
+    sprintf (fName, "/sys/class/gpio/gpio%d/direction", i) ;
+    if ((fd = open (fName, O_RDONLY)) == -1)
+      continue ;
+
+    if (first == 0)
+    {
+      ++first ;
+      printf ("GPIO Pins exported:\n") ;
+    }
+
+    printf ("%4d: ", i) ;
+
+    if ((l = read (fd, buf, 16)) == 0)
+      sprintf (buf, "%s", "?") ;
+ 
+    buf [l] = 0 ;
+    if ((buf [strlen (buf) - 1]) == '\n')
+      buf [strlen (buf) - 1] = 0 ;
+
+    printf ("%-3s", buf) ;
+
+    close (fd) ;
+
+// Try to Read the value
+
+    sprintf (fName, "/sys/class/gpio/gpio%d/value", i) ;
+    if ((fd = open (fName, O_RDONLY)) == -1)
+    {
+      printf ("No Value file (huh?)\n") ;
+      continue ;
+    }
+
+    if ((l = read (fd, buf, 16)) == 0)
+      sprintf (buf, "%s", "?") ;
+
+    buf [l] = 0 ;
+    if ((buf [strlen (buf) - 1]) == '\n')
+      buf [strlen (buf) - 1] = 0 ;
+
+    printf ("  %s", buf) ;
+
+// Read any edge trigger file
+
+    sprintf (fName, "/sys/class/gpio/gpio%d/edge", i) ;
+    if ((fd = open (fName, O_RDONLY)) == -1)
+    {
+      printf ("\n") ;
+      continue ;
+    }
+
+    if ((l = read (fd, buf, 16)) == 0)
+      sprintf (buf, "%s", "?") ;
+
+    buf [l] = 0 ;
+    if ((buf [strlen (buf) - 1]) == '\n')
+      buf [strlen (buf) - 1] = 0 ;
+
+    printf ("  %-8s\n", buf) ;
+
+    close (fd) ;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doExport:
+ *	gpio export pin mode
+ *	This uses the /sys/class/gpio device interface.
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+void doExport (int argc, char *argv [])
+{
+  FILE *fd ;
+  int pin ;
+  char *mode ;
+  char fName [128] ;
+
+  if (argc != 4)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s export pin mode\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  pin = atoi (argv [2]) ;
+
+  mode = argv [3] ;
+
+  if ((fd = fopen ("/sys/class/gpio/export", "w")) == NULL)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: Unable to open GPIO export interface: %s\n", argv [0], strerror (errno)) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  fprintf (fd, "%d\n", pin) ;
+  fclose (fd) ;
+
+  sprintf (fName, "/sys/class/gpio/gpio%d/direction", pin) ;
+  if ((fd = fopen (fName, "w")) == NULL)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: Unable to open GPIO direction interface for pin %d: %s\n", argv [0], pin, strerror (errno)) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  /**/ if ((strcasecmp (mode, "in")   == 0) || (strcasecmp (mode, "input")  == 0))
+    fprintf (fd, "in\n") ;
+  else if ((strcasecmp (mode, "out")  == 0) || (strcasecmp (mode, "output") == 0))
+    fprintf (fd, "out\n") ;
+  else if ((strcasecmp (mode, "high") == 0) || (strcasecmp (mode, "up")     == 0))
+    fprintf (fd, "high\n") ;
+  else if ((strcasecmp (mode, "low")  == 0) || (strcasecmp (mode, "down")   == 0))
+    fprintf (fd, "low\n") ;
+  else
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: Invalid mode: %s. Should be in, out, high or low\n", argv [1], mode) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  fclose (fd) ;
+
+// Change ownership so the current user can actually use it
+
+  sprintf (fName, "/sys/class/gpio/gpio%d/value", pin) ;
+  changeOwner (argv [0], fName) ;
+
+  sprintf (fName, "/sys/class/gpio/gpio%d/edge", pin) ;
+  changeOwner (argv [0], fName) ;
+
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doWfi:
+ *	gpio wfi pin mode
+ *	Wait for Interrupt on a given pin.
+ *	Slight cheat here - it's easier to actually use ISR now (which calls
+ *	gpio to set the pin modes!) then we simply sleep, and expect the thread
+ *	to exit the program. Crude but effective.
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+static void wfi (void)
+  { exit (0) ; }
+
+void doWfi (int argc, char *argv [])
+{
+  int pin, mode ;
+
+  if (argc != 4)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s wfi pin mode\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  pin  = atoi (argv [2]) ;
+
+  /**/ if (strcasecmp (argv [3], "rising")  == 0) mode = INT_EDGE_RISING ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [3], "falling") == 0) mode = INT_EDGE_FALLING ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [3], "both")    == 0) mode = INT_EDGE_BOTH ;
+  else
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: wfi: Invalid mode: %s. Should be rising, falling or both\n", argv [1], argv [3]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  if (wiringPiISR (pin, mode, &wfi) < 0)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: wfi: Unable to setup ISR: %s\n", argv [1], strerror (errno)) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  for (;;)
+    delay (9999) ;
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+ * doEdge:
+ *	gpio edge pin mode
+ *	Easy access to changing the edge trigger on a GPIO pin
+ *	This uses the /sys/class/gpio device interface.
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+void doEdge (int argc, char *argv [])
+{
+  FILE *fd ;
+  int pin ;
+  char *mode ;
+  char fName [128] ;
+
+  if (argc != 4)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s edge pin mode\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  pin  = atoi (argv [2]) ;
+  mode = argv [3] ;
+
+// Export the pin and set direction to input
+
+  if ((fd = fopen ("/sys/class/gpio/export", "w")) == NULL)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: Unable to open GPIO export interface: %s\n", argv [0], strerror (errno)) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  fprintf (fd, "%d\n", pin) ;
+  fclose (fd) ;
+
+  sprintf (fName, "/sys/class/gpio/gpio%d/direction", pin) ;
+  if ((fd = fopen (fName, "w")) == NULL)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: Unable to open GPIO direction interface for pin %d: %s\n", argv [0], pin, strerror (errno)) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  fprintf (fd, "in\n") ;
+  fclose (fd) ;
+
+  sprintf (fName, "/sys/class/gpio/gpio%d/edge", pin) ;
+  if ((fd = fopen (fName, "w")) == NULL)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: Unable to open GPIO edge interface for pin %d: %s\n", argv [0], pin, strerror (errno)) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  /**/ if (strcasecmp (mode, "none")    == 0) fprintf (fd, "none\n") ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "rising")  == 0) fprintf (fd, "rising\n") ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "falling") == 0) fprintf (fd, "falling\n") ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "both")    == 0) fprintf (fd, "both\n") ;
+  else
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: Invalid mode: %s. Should be none, rising, falling or both\n", argv [1], mode) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+// Change ownership of the value and edge files, so the current user can actually use it!
+
+  sprintf (fName, "/sys/class/gpio/gpio%d/value", pin) ;
+  changeOwner (argv [0], fName) ;
+
+  sprintf (fName, "/sys/class/gpio/gpio%d/edge", pin) ;
+  changeOwner (argv [0], fName) ;
+
+  fclose (fd) ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doUnexport:
+ *	gpio unexport pin
+ *	This uses the /sys/class/gpio device interface.
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+void doUnexport (int argc, char *argv [])
+{
+  FILE *fd ;
+  int pin ;
+
+  if (argc != 3)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s unexport pin\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  pin = atoi (argv [2]) ;
+
+  if ((fd = fopen ("/sys/class/gpio/unexport", "w")) == NULL)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: Unable to open GPIO export interface\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  fprintf (fd, "%d\n", pin) ;
+  fclose (fd) ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doUnexportAll:
+ *	gpio unexportall
+ *	Un-Export all the GPIO pins.
+ *	This uses the /sys/class/gpio device interface.
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+void doUnexportall (char *progName)
+{
+  FILE *fd ;
+  int pin ;
+
+  for (pin = 0 ; pin < 63 ; ++pin)
+  {
+    if ((fd = fopen ("/sys/class/gpio/unexport", "w")) == NULL)
+    {
+      fprintf (stderr, "%s: Unable to open GPIO export interface\n", progName) ;
+      exit (1) ;
+    }
+    fprintf (fd, "%d\n", pin) ;
+    fclose (fd) ;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doReset:
+ *	Reset the GPIO pins - as much as we can do
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+static void doReset (UNU char *progName)
+{
+  printf ("GPIO Reset is dangerous and has been removed from the gpio command.\n") ;
+  printf (" - Please write a shell-script to reset the GPIO pins into the state\n") ;
+  printf ("   that you need them in for your applications.\n") ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doMode:
+ *	gpio mode pin mode ...
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+void doMode (int argc, char *argv [])
+{
+  int pin ;
+  char *mode ;
+
+  if (argc != 4)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s mode pin mode\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  pin = atoi (argv [2]) ;
+
+  mode = argv [3] ;
+
+  /**/ if (strcasecmp (mode, "in")      == 0) pinMode         (pin, INPUT) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "input")   == 0) pinMode         (pin, INPUT) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "out")     == 0) pinMode         (pin, OUTPUT) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "output")  == 0) pinMode         (pin, OUTPUT) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "pwm")     == 0) pinMode         (pin, PWM_OUTPUT) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "pwmTone") == 0) pinMode         (pin, PWM_TONE_OUTPUT) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "clock")   == 0) pinMode         (pin, GPIO_CLOCK) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "up")      == 0) pullUpDnControl (pin, PUD_UP) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "down")    == 0) pullUpDnControl (pin, PUD_DOWN) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "tri")     == 0) pullUpDnControl (pin, PUD_OFF) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "off")     == 0) pullUpDnControl (pin, PUD_OFF) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "alt0")    == 0) pinModeAlt (pin, 0b100) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "alt1")    == 0) pinModeAlt (pin, 0b101) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "alt2")    == 0) pinModeAlt (pin, 0b110) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "alt3")    == 0) pinModeAlt (pin, 0b111) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "alt4")    == 0) pinModeAlt (pin, 0b011) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "alt5")    == 0) pinModeAlt (pin, 0b010) ;
+  else
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: Invalid mode: %s. Should be in/out/pwm/clock/up/down/tri\n", argv [1], mode) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doPadDrive:
+ *	gpio drive group value
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+static void doPadDrive (int argc, char *argv [])
+{
+  int group, val ;
+
+  if (argc != 4)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s drive group value\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  group = atoi (argv [2]) ;
+  val   = atoi (argv [3]) ;
+
+  if ((group < 0) || (group > 2))
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: drive group not 0, 1 or 2: %d\n", argv [0], group) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  if ((val < 0) || (val > 7))
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: drive value not 0-7: %d\n", argv [0], val) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  setPadDrive (group, val) ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doUsbP:
+ *	Control USB Power - High (1.2A) or Low (600mA)
+ *	gpio usbp high/low
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+static void doUsbP (int argc, char *argv [])
+{
+  int model, rev, mem, maker, overVolted ;
+
+  if (argc != 3)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s usbp high|low\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+// Make sure we're on a B+
+
+  piBoardId (&model, &rev, &mem, &maker, &overVolted) ;
+
+  if (!((model == PI_MODEL_BP) || (model == PI_MODEL_2)))
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "USB power contol is applicable to B+ and v2 boards only.\n") ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+    
+// Make sure we start in BCM_GPIO mode
+
+  wiringPiSetupGpio () ;
+
+  if ((strcasecmp (argv [2], "high") == 0) || (strcasecmp (argv [2], "hi") == 0))
+  {
+    digitalWrite (PI_USB_POWER_CONTROL, 1) ;
+    pinMode (PI_USB_POWER_CONTROL, OUTPUT) ;
+    printf ("Switched to HIGH current USB (1.2A)\n") ;
+    return ;
+  }
+
+  if ((strcasecmp (argv [2], "low") == 0) || (strcasecmp (argv [2], "lo") == 0))
+  {
+    digitalWrite (PI_USB_POWER_CONTROL, 0) ;
+    pinMode (PI_USB_POWER_CONTROL, OUTPUT) ;
+    printf ("Switched to LOW current USB (600mA)\n") ;
+    return ;
+  }
+
+  fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s usbp high|low\n", argv [0]) ;
+  exit (1) ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doGbw:
+ *	gpio gbw channel value
+ *	Gertboard Write - To the Analog output
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+static void doGbw (int argc, char *argv [])
+{
+  int channel, value ;
+
+  if (argc != 4)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s gbw <channel> <value>\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  channel = atoi (argv [2]) ;
+  value   = atoi (argv [3]) ;
+
+  if ((channel < 0) || (channel > 1))
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: gbw: Channel number must be 0 or 1\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  if ((value < 0) || (value > 255))
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: gbw: Value must be from 0 to 255\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  if (gertboardAnalogSetup (64) < 0)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Unable to initialise the Gertboard SPI interface: %s\n", strerror (errno)) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  analogWrite (64 + channel, value) ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doGbr:
+ *	gpio gbr channel
+ *	From the analog input
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+static void doGbr (int argc, char *argv [])
+{
+  int channel ;
+
+  if (argc != 3)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s gbr <channel>\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  channel = atoi (argv [2]) ;
+
+  if ((channel < 0) || (channel > 1))
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: gbr: Channel number must be 0 or 1\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  if (gertboardAnalogSetup (64) < 0)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Unable to initialise the Gertboard SPI interface: %s\n", strerror (errno)) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  printf ("%d\n", analogRead (64 + channel)) ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doWrite:
+ *	gpio write pin value
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+static void doWrite (int argc, char *argv [])
+{
+  int pin, val ;
+
+  if (argc != 4)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s write pin value\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  pin = atoi (argv [2]) ;
+
+  /**/ if ((strcasecmp (argv [3], "up") == 0) || (strcasecmp (argv [3], "on") == 0))
+    val = 1 ;
+  else if ((strcasecmp (argv [3], "down") == 0) || (strcasecmp (argv [3], "off") == 0))
+    val = 0 ;
+  else
+    val = atoi (argv [3]) ;
+
+  /**/ if (val == 0)
+    digitalWrite (pin, LOW) ;
+  else
+    digitalWrite (pin, HIGH) ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doAwriterite:
+ *	gpio awrite pin value
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+static void doAwrite (int argc, char *argv [])
+{
+  int pin, val ;
+
+  if (argc != 4)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s awrite pin value\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  pin = atoi (argv [2]) ;
+
+  val = atoi (argv [3]) ;
+
+  analogWrite (pin, val) ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doWriteByte:
+ *	gpio wb value
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+static void doWriteByte (int argc, char *argv [])
+{
+  int val ;
+
+  if (argc != 3)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s wb value\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  val = (int)strtol (argv [2], NULL, 0) ;
+
+  digitalWriteByte (val) ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doReadByte:
+ *	gpio rbx|rbd value
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+static void doReadByte (int argc, char *argv [], int printHex)
+{
+  int val ;
+
+  if (argc != 2)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s rbx|rbd\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  val = digitalReadByte () ;
+  if (printHex)
+    printf ("%02X\n", val) ;
+  else
+    printf ("%d\n", val) ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doRead:
+ *	Read a pin and return the value
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+void doRead (int argc, char *argv []) 
+{
+  int pin, val ;
+
+  if (argc != 3)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s read pin\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  pin = atoi (argv [2]) ;
+  val = digitalRead (pin) ;
+
+  printf ("%s\n", val == 0 ? "0" : "1") ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doAread:
+ *	Read an analog pin and return the value
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+void doAread (int argc, char *argv []) 
+{
+  if (argc != 3)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s aread pin\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  printf ("%d\n", analogRead (atoi (argv [2]))) ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doToggle:
+ *	Toggle an IO pin
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+void doToggle (int argc, char *argv [])
+{
+  int pin ;
+
+  if (argc != 3)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s toggle pin\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  pin = atoi (argv [2]) ;
+
+  digitalWrite (pin, !digitalRead (pin)) ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doBlink:
+ *	Blink an IO pin
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+void doBlink (int argc, char *argv [])
+{
+  int pin ;
+
+  if (argc != 3)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s blink pin\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  pin = atoi (argv [2]) ;
+
+  pinMode (pin, OUTPUT) ;
+  for (;;)
+  {
+    digitalWrite (pin, !digitalRead (pin)) ;
+    delay (500) ;
+  }
+
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doPwmTone:
+ *	Output a tone in a PWM pin
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+void doPwmTone (int argc, char *argv [])
+{
+  int pin, freq ;
+
+  if (argc != 4)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s pwmTone <pin> <freq>\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  pin = atoi (argv [2]) ;
+  freq = atoi (argv [3]) ;
+
+  pwmToneWrite (pin, freq) ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doClock:
+ *	Output a clock on a pin
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+void doClock (int argc, char *argv [])
+{
+  int pin, freq ;
+
+  if (argc != 4)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s clock <pin> <freq>\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  pin = atoi (argv [2]) ;
+
+  freq = atoi (argv [3]) ;
+
+  gpioClockSet (pin, freq) ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doPwm:
+ *	Output a PWM value on a pin
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+void doPwm (int argc, char *argv [])
+{
+  int pin, val ;
+
+  if (argc != 4)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s pwm <pin> <value>\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  pin = atoi (argv [2]) ;
+
+  val = atoi (argv [3]) ;
+
+  pwmWrite (pin, val) ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doPwmMode: doPwmRange: doPwmClock:
+ *	Change the PWM mode, range and clock divider values
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+static void doPwmMode (int mode)
+{
+  pwmSetMode (mode) ;
+}
+
+static void doPwmRange (int argc, char *argv [])
+{
+  unsigned int range ;
+
+  if (argc != 3)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s pwmr <range>\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  range = (unsigned int)strtoul (argv [2], NULL, 10) ;
+
+  if (range == 0)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: range must be > 0\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  pwmSetRange (range) ;
+}
+
+static void doPwmClock (int argc, char *argv [])
+{
+  unsigned int clock ;
+
+  if (argc != 3)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s pwmc <clock>\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  clock = (unsigned int)strtoul (argv [2], NULL, 10) ;
+
+  if ((clock < 1) || (clock > 4095))
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: clock must be between 0 and 4096\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (1) ;
+  }
+
+  pwmSetClock (clock) ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * doVersion:
+ *	Handle the ever more complicated version command and print out
+ *	some usefull information.
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+static void doVersion (char *argv [])
+{
+  int model, rev, mem, maker, warranty ;
+  struct stat statBuf ;
+  char name [80] ;
+  FILE *fd ;
+
+  int vMaj, vMin ;
+
+  wiringPiVersion (&vMaj, &vMin) ;
+  printf ("gpio version: %d.%d\n", vMaj, vMin) ;
+  printf ("Copyright (c) 2012-2018 Gordon Henderson\n") ;
+  printf ("This is free software with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.\n") ;
+  printf ("For details type: %s -warranty\n", argv [0]) ;
+  printf ("\n") ;
+  piBoardId (&model, &rev, &mem, &maker, &warranty) ;
+
+  printf ("Raspberry Pi Details:\n") ;
+  printf ("  Type: %s, Revision: %s, Memory: %dMB, Maker: %s %s\n", 
+      piModelNames [model], piRevisionNames [rev], piMemorySize [mem], piMakerNames [maker], warranty ? "[Out of Warranty]" : "") ;
+
+// Check for device tree
+
+  if (stat ("/proc/device-tree", &statBuf) == 0)	// We're on a devtree system ...
+    printf ("  * Device tree is enabled.\n") ;
+
+  if (stat ("/proc/device-tree/model", &statBuf) == 0)	// Output Kernel idea of board type
+  {
+    if ((fd = fopen ("/proc/device-tree/model", "r")) != NULL)
+    {
+      fgets (name, 80, fd) ;
+      fclose (fd) ;
+      printf ("  *--> %s\n", name) ;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (stat ("/dev/gpiomem", &statBuf) == 0)		// User level GPIO is GO
+    printf ("  * This Raspberry Pi supports user-level GPIO access.\n") ;
+  else
+    printf ("  * Root or sudo required for GPIO access.\n") ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * main:
+ *	Start here
+ *********************************************************************************
+ */
+
+int main (int argc, char *argv [])
+{
+  int i ;
+
+  if (getenv ("WIRINGPI_DEBUG") != NULL)
+  {
+    printf ("gpio: wiringPi debug mode enabled\n") ;
+    wiringPiDebug = TRUE ;
+  }
+
+  if (argc == 1)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr,
+"%s: At your service!\n"
+"  Type: gpio -h for full details and\n"
+"        gpio readall for a quick printout of your connector details\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (EXIT_FAILURE) ;
+  }
+
+// Help
+
+  if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "-h") == 0)
+  {
+    printf ("%s: %s\n", argv [0], usage) ;
+    exit (EXIT_SUCCESS) ;
+  }
+
+// Version & Warranty
+//	Wish I could remember why I have both -R and -V ...
+
+  if ((strcmp (argv [1], "-R") == 0) || (strcmp (argv [1], "-V") == 0))
+  {
+    printf ("%d\n", piGpioLayout ()) ;
+    exit (EXIT_SUCCESS) ;
+  }
+
+// Version and information
+
+  if (strcmp (argv [1], "-v") == 0)
+  {
+    doVersion (argv) ;
+    exit (EXIT_SUCCESS) ;
+  }
+
+  if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "-warranty") == 0)
+  {
+    printf ("gpio version: %s\n", VERSION) ;
+    printf ("Copyright (c) 2012-2018 Gordon Henderson\n") ;
+    printf ("\n") ;
+    printf ("    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\n") ;
+    printf ("    it under the terms of the GNU Leser General Public License as published\n") ;
+    printf ("    by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or\n") ;
+    printf ("    (at your option) any later version.\n") ;
+    printf ("\n") ;
+    printf ("    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\n") ;
+    printf ("    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\n") ;
+    printf ("    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the\n") ;
+    printf ("    GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.\n") ;
+    printf ("\n") ;
+    printf ("    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License\n") ;
+    printf ("    along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.\n") ;
+    printf ("\n") ;
+    exit (EXIT_SUCCESS) ;
+  }
+
+  if (geteuid () != 0)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: Must be root to run. Program should be suid root. This is an error.\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (EXIT_FAILURE) ;
+  }
+
+// Initial test for /sys/class/gpio operations:
+
+  /**/ if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "exports"    ) == 0)	{ doExports     (argc, argv) ;	return 0 ; }
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "export"     ) == 0)	{ doExport      (argc, argv) ;	return 0 ; }
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "edge"       ) == 0)	{ doEdge        (argc, argv) ;	return 0 ; }
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "unexport"   ) == 0)	{ doUnexport    (argc, argv) ;	return 0 ; }
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "unexportall") == 0)	{ doUnexportall (argv [0]) ;	return 0 ; }
+
+// Check for load command:
+
+  if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "load"   ) == 0)	{ doLoad   (argc, argv) ; return 0 ; }
+  if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "unload" ) == 0)	{ doUnLoad (argc, argv) ; return 0 ; }
+
+// Check for usb power command
+
+  if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "usbp"   ) == 0)	{ doUsbP   (argc, argv) ; return 0 ; }
+
+// Gertboard commands
+
+  if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "gbr" ) == 0)	{ doGbr (argc, argv) ; return 0 ; }
+  if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "gbw" ) == 0)	{ doGbw (argc, argv) ; return 0 ; }
+
+// Check for allreadall command, force Gpio mode
+
+  if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "allreadall") == 0)
+  {
+    wiringPiSetupGpio () ;
+    doAllReadall      () ;
+    return 0 ;
+  }
+
+// Check for -g argument
+
+  /**/ if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "-g") == 0)
+  {
+    wiringPiSetupGpio () ;
+
+    for (i = 2 ; i < argc ; ++i)
+      argv [i - 1] = argv [i] ;
+    --argc ;
+    wpMode = WPI_MODE_GPIO ;
+  }
+
+// Check for -1 argument
+
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "-1") == 0)
+  {
+    wiringPiSetupPhys () ;
+
+    for (i = 2 ; i < argc ; ++i)
+      argv [i - 1] = argv [i] ;
+    --argc ;
+    wpMode = WPI_MODE_PHYS ;
+  }
+
+// Check for -p argument for PiFace
+
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "-p") == 0)
+  {
+    piFaceSetup (200) ;
+
+    for (i = 2 ; i < argc ; ++i)
+      argv [i - 1] = argv [i] ;
+    --argc ;
+    wpMode = WPI_MODE_PIFACE ;
+  }
+
+// Check for -z argument so we don't actually initialise wiringPi
+
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "-z") == 0)
+  {
+    for (i = 2 ; i < argc ; ++i)
+      argv [i - 1] = argv [i] ;
+    --argc ;
+    wpMode = WPI_MODE_UNINITIALISED ;
+  }
+
+// Default to wiringPi mode
+
+  else
+  {
+    wiringPiSetup () ;
+    wpMode = WPI_MODE_PINS ;
+  }
+
+// Check for -x argument to load in a new extension
+//	-x extension:base:args
+//	Can load many modules, but unless daemon mode we can only send one
+//	command at a time.
+
+  while (strcasecmp (argv [1], "-x") == 0)
+  {
+    if (argc < 3)
+    {
+      fprintf (stderr, "%s: -x missing extension command.\n", argv [0]) ;
+      exit (EXIT_FAILURE) ;
+    }
+
+    if (!loadWPiExtension (argv [0], argv [2], TRUE))
+    {
+      fprintf (stderr, "%s: Extension load failed: %s\n", argv [0], strerror (errno)) ;
+      exit (EXIT_FAILURE) ;
+    }
+
+// Shift args down by 2
+
+    for (i = 3 ; i < argc ; ++i)
+      argv [i - 2] = argv [i] ;
+    argc -= 2 ;
+  }
+
+  if (argc <= 1)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: no command given\n", argv [0]) ;
+    exit (EXIT_FAILURE) ;
+  }
+
+// Core wiringPi functions
+
+  /**/ if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "mode"   ) == 0) doMode      (argc, argv) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "read"   ) == 0) doRead      (argc, argv) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "write"  ) == 0) doWrite     (argc, argv) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "pwm"    ) == 0) doPwm       (argc, argv) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "awrite" ) == 0) doAwrite    (argc, argv) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "aread"  ) == 0) doAread     (argc, argv) ;
+
+// GPIO Nicies
+
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "toggle" ) == 0) doToggle    (argc, argv) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "blink"  ) == 0) doBlink     (argc, argv) ;
+
+// Pi Specifics
+
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "pwm-bal"  ) == 0) doPwmMode    (PWM_MODE_BAL) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "pwm-ms"   ) == 0) doPwmMode    (PWM_MODE_MS) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "pwmr"     ) == 0) doPwmRange   (argc, argv) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "pwmc"     ) == 0) doPwmClock   (argc, argv) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "pwmTone"  ) == 0) doPwmTone    (argc, argv) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "drive"    ) == 0) doPadDrive   (argc, argv) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "readall"  ) == 0) doReadall    () ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "nreadall" ) == 0) doReadall    () ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "pins"     ) == 0) doReadall    () ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "qmode"    ) == 0) doQmode      (argc, argv) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "i2cdetect") == 0) doI2Cdetect  (argc, argv) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "i2cd"     ) == 0) doI2Cdetect  (argc, argv) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "reset"    ) == 0) doReset      (argv [0]) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "wb"       ) == 0) doWriteByte  (argc, argv) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "rbx"      ) == 0) doReadByte   (argc, argv, TRUE) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "rbd"      ) == 0) doReadByte   (argc, argv, FALSE) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "clock"    ) == 0) doClock      (argc, argv) ;
+  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "wfi"      ) == 0) doWfi        (argc, argv) ;
+  else
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: Unknown command: %s.\n", argv [0], argv [1]) ;
+    exit (EXIT_FAILURE) ;
+  }
+
+  return 0 ;
+}