polars-df 0.2.0-x86_64-linux

data/lib/polars/lazy_frame.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,2442 @@
+module Polars
+  # Representation of a Lazy computation graph/query againat a DataFrame.
+  class LazyFrame
+    # @private
+    attr_accessor :_ldf
+
+    # @private
+    def self._from_rbldf(rb_ldf)
+      ldf = LazyFrame.allocate
+      ldf._ldf = rb_ldf
+      ldf
+    end
+
+    # @private
+    def self._scan_csv(
+      file,
+      has_header: true,
+      sep: ",",
+      comment_char: nil,
+      quote_char: '"',
+      skip_rows: 0,
+      dtypes: nil,
+      null_values: nil,
+      ignore_errors: false,
+      cache: true,
+      with_column_names: nil,
+      infer_schema_length: 100,
+      n_rows: nil,
+      encoding: "utf8",
+      low_memory: false,
+      rechunk: true,
+      skip_rows_after_header: 0,
+      row_count_name: nil,
+      row_count_offset: 0,
+      parse_dates: false,
+      eol_char: "\n"
+    )
+      dtype_list = nil
+      if !dtypes.nil?
+        dtype_list = []
+        dtypes.each do |k, v|
+          dtype_list << [k, Utils.rb_type_to_dtype(v)]
+        end
+      end
+      processed_null_values = Utils._process_null_values(null_values)
+
+      _from_rbldf(
+        RbLazyFrame.new_from_csv(
+          file,
+          sep,
+          has_header,
+          ignore_errors,
+          skip_rows,
+          n_rows,
+          cache,
+          dtype_list,
+          low_memory,
+          comment_char,
+          quote_char,
+          processed_null_values,
+          infer_schema_length,
+          with_column_names,
+          rechunk,
+          skip_rows_after_header,
+          encoding,
+          Utils._prepare_row_count_args(row_count_name, row_count_offset),
+          parse_dates,
+          eol_char
+        )
+      )
+    end
+
+    # @private
+    def self._scan_parquet(
+      file,
+      n_rows: nil,
+      cache: true,
+      parallel: "auto",
+      rechunk: true,
+      row_count_name: nil,
+      row_count_offset: 0,
+      storage_options: nil,
+      low_memory: false
+    )
+      _from_rbldf(
+        RbLazyFrame.new_from_parquet(
+          file,
+          n_rows,
+          cache,
+          parallel,
+          rechunk,
+          Utils._prepare_row_count_args(row_count_name, row_count_offset),
+          low_memory
+        )
+      )
+    end
+
+    # @private
+    def self._scan_ipc(
+      file,
+      n_rows: nil,
+      cache: true,
+      rechunk: true,
+      row_count_name: nil,
+      row_count_offset: 0,
+      storage_options: nil,
+      memory_map: true
+    )
+      if file.is_a?(String) || (defined?(Pathname) && file.is_a?(Pathname))
+        file = Utils.format_path(file)
+      end
+
+      _from_rbldf(
+        RbLazyFrame.new_from_ipc(
+          file,
+          n_rows,
+          cache,
+          rechunk,
+          Utils._prepare_row_count_args(row_count_name, row_count_offset),
+          memory_map
+        )
+      )
+    end
+
+    # @private
+    def self._scan_ndjson(
+      file,
+      infer_schema_length: nil,
+      batch_size: nil,
+      n_rows: nil,
+      low_memory: false,
+      rechunk: true,
+      row_count_name: nil,
+      row_count_offset: 0
+    )
+      _from_rbldf(
+        RbLazyFrame.new_from_ndjson(
+          file,
+          infer_schema_length,
+          batch_size,
+          n_rows,
+          low_memory,
+          rechunk,
+          Utils._prepare_row_count_args(row_count_name, row_count_offset)
+        )
+      )
+    end
+
+    # def self.from_json
+    # end
+
+    # Read a logical plan from a JSON file to construct a LazyFrame.
+    #
+    # @param file [String]
+    #   Path to a file or a file-like object.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    def self.read_json(file)
+      if file.is_a?(String) || (defined?(Pathname) && file.is_a?(Pathname))
+        file = Utils.format_path(file)
+      end
+
+      Utils.wrap_ldf(RbLazyFrame.read_json(file))
+    end
+
+    # Get or set column names.
+    #
+    # @return [Array]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = (
+    #      Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #        {
+    #          "foo" => [1, 2, 3],
+    #          "bar" => [6, 7, 8],
+    #          "ham" => ["a", "b", "c"]
+    #        }
+    #      )
+    #      .lazy
+    #      .select(["foo", "bar"])
+    #   )
+    #   df.columns
+    #   # => ["foo", "bar"]
+    def columns
+      _ldf.columns
+    end
+
+    # Get dtypes of columns in LazyFrame.
+    #
+    # @return [Array]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   lf = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "foo" => [1, 2, 3],
+    #       "bar" => [6.0, 7.0, 8.0],
+    #       "ham" => ["a", "b", "c"]
+    #     }
+    #   ).lazy
+    #   lf.dtypes
+    #   # => [Polars::Int64, Polars::Float64, Polars::Utf8]
+    def dtypes
+      _ldf.dtypes
+    end
+
+    # Get the schema.
+    #
+    # @return [Hash]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   lf = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "foo" => [1, 2, 3],
+    #       "bar" => [6.0, 7.0, 8.0],
+    #       "ham" => ["a", "b", "c"]
+    #     }
+    #   ).lazy
+    #   lf.schema
+    #   # => {"foo"=>Polars::Int64, "bar"=>Polars::Float64, "ham"=>Polars::Utf8}
+    def schema
+      _ldf.schema
+    end
+
+    # Get the width of the LazyFrame.
+    #
+    # @return [Integer]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   lf = Polars::DataFrame.new({"foo" => [1, 2, 3], "bar" => [4, 5, 6]}).lazy
+    #   lf.width
+    #   # => 2
+    def width
+      _ldf.width
+    end
+
+    # Check if LazyFrame includes key.
+    #
+    # @return [Boolean]
+    def include?(key)
+      columns.include?(key)
+    end
+
+    # clone handled by initialize_copy
+
+    # def [](item)
+    # end
+
+    # Returns a string representing the LazyFrame.
+    #
+    # @return [String]
+    def to_s
+      <<~EOS
+        naive plan: (run LazyFrame#describe_optimized_plan to see the optimized plan)
+
+        #{describe_plan}
+      EOS
+    end
+
+    # Write the logical plan of this LazyFrame to a file or string in JSON format.
+    #
+    # @param file [String]
+    #   File path to which the result should be written.
+    #
+    # @return [nil]
+    def write_json(file)
+      if file.is_a?(String) || (defined?(Pathname) && file.is_a?(Pathname))
+        file = Utils.format_path(file)
+      end
+      _ldf.write_json(file)
+      nil
+    end
+
+    # Offers a structured way to apply a sequence of user-defined functions (UDFs).
+    #
+    # @param func [Object]
+    #   Callable; will receive the frame as the first parameter,
+    #   followed by any given args/kwargs.
+    # @param args [Object]
+    #   Arguments to pass to the UDF.
+    # @param kwargs [Object]
+    #   Keyword arguments to pass to the UDF.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   cast_str_to_int = lambda do |data, col_name:|
+    #     data.with_column(Polars.col(col_name).cast(:i64))
+    #   end
+    #
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new({"a" => [1, 2, 3, 4], "b" => ["10", "20", "30", "40"]}).lazy
+    #   df.pipe(cast_str_to_int, col_name: "b").collect()
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (4, 2)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ a   ┆ b   │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ i64 ┆ i64 │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ 1   ┆ 10  │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2   ┆ 20  │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 3   ┆ 30  │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 4   ┆ 40  │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┘
+    def pipe(func, *args, **kwargs, &block)
+      func.call(self, *args, **kwargs, &block)
+    end
+
+    # Create a string representation of the unoptimized query plan.
+    #
+    # @return [String]
+    def describe_plan
+      _ldf.describe_plan
+    end
+
+    # Create a string representation of the optimized query plan.
+    #
+    # @return [String]
+    def describe_optimized_plan(
+      type_coercion: true,
+      predicate_pushdown: true,
+      projection_pushdown: true,
+      simplify_expression: true,
+      slice_pushdown: true,
+      common_subplan_elimination: true,
+      allow_streaming: false
+    )
+      ldf = _ldf.optimization_toggle(
+        type_coercion,
+        predicate_pushdown,
+        projection_pushdown,
+        simplify_expression,
+        slice_pushdown,
+        common_subplan_elimination,
+        allow_streaming,
+      )
+
+      ldf.describe_optimized_plan
+    end
+
+    # def show_graph
+    # end
+
+    # Sort the DataFrame.
+    #
+    # Sorting can be done by:
+    #
+    # - A single column name
+    # - An expression
+    # - Multiple expressions
+    #
+    # @param by [Object]
+    #   Column (expressions) to sort by.
+    # @param reverse [Boolean]
+    #   Sort in descending order.
+    # @param nulls_last [Boolean]
+    #   Place null values last. Can only be used if sorted by a single column.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "foo" => [1, 2, 3],
+    #       "bar" => [6.0, 7.0, 8.0],
+    #       "ham" => ["a", "b", "c"]
+    #     }
+    #   ).lazy
+    #   df.sort("foo", reverse: true).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3, 3)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ foo ┆ bar ┆ ham │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ i64 ┆ f64 ┆ str │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ 3   ┆ 8.0 ┆ c   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2   ┆ 7.0 ┆ b   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 1   ┆ 6.0 ┆ a   │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┴─────┘
+    def sort(by, reverse: false, nulls_last: false)
+      if by.is_a?(String)
+        _from_rbldf(_ldf.sort(by, reverse, nulls_last))
+      end
+      if Utils.bool?(reverse)
+        reverse = [reverse]
+      end
+
+      by = Utils.selection_to_rbexpr_list(by)
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.sort_by_exprs(by, reverse, nulls_last))
+    end
+
+    # def profile
+    # end
+
+    # Collect into a DataFrame.
+    #
+    # Note: use {#fetch} if you want to run your query on the first `n` rows
+    # only. This can be a huge time saver in debugging queries.
+    #
+    # @param type_coercion [Boolean]
+    #   Do type coercion optimization.
+    # @param predicate_pushdown [Boolean]
+    #   Do predicate pushdown optimization.
+    # @param projection_pushdown [Boolean]
+    #   Do projection pushdown optimization.
+    # @param simplify_expression [Boolean]
+    #   Run simplify expressions optimization.
+    # @param string_cache [Boolean]
+    #   This argument is deprecated. Please set the string cache globally.
+    #   The argument will be ignored
+    # @param no_optimization [Boolean]
+    #   Turn off (certain) optimizations.
+    # @param slice_pushdown [Boolean]
+    #   Slice pushdown optimization.
+    # @param common_subplan_elimination [Boolean]
+    #   Will try to cache branching subplans that occur on self-joins or unions.
+    # @param allow_streaming [Boolean]
+    #   Run parts of the query in a streaming fashion (this is in an alpha state)
+    #
+    # @return [DataFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "a" => ["a", "b", "a", "b", "b", "c"],
+    #       "b" => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6],
+    #       "c" => [6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
+    #     }
+    #   ).lazy
+    #   df.groupby("a", maintain_order: true).agg(Polars.all.sum).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3, 3)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ a   ┆ b   ┆ c   │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ str ┆ i64 ┆ i64 │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ a   ┆ 4   ┆ 10  │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ b   ┆ 11  ┆ 10  │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ c   ┆ 6   ┆ 1   │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┴─────┘
+    def collect(
+      type_coercion: true,
+      predicate_pushdown: true,
+      projection_pushdown: true,
+      simplify_expression: true,
+      string_cache: false,
+      no_optimization: false,
+      slice_pushdown: true,
+      common_subplan_elimination: true,
+      allow_streaming: false
+    )
+      if no_optimization
+        predicate_pushdown = false
+        projection_pushdown = false
+        slice_pushdown = false
+        common_subplan_elimination = false
+      end
+
+      if allow_streaming
+        common_subplan_elimination = false
+      end
+
+      ldf = _ldf.optimization_toggle(
+        type_coercion,
+        predicate_pushdown,
+        projection_pushdown,
+        simplify_expression,
+        slice_pushdown,
+        common_subplan_elimination,
+        allow_streaming
+      )
+      Utils.wrap_df(ldf.collect)
+    end
+
+    # Collect a small number of rows for debugging purposes.
+    #
+    # Fetch is like a {#collect} operation, but it overwrites the number of rows
+    # read by every scan operation. This is a utility that helps debug a query on a
+    # smaller number of rows.
+    #
+    # Note that the fetch does not guarantee the final number of rows in the
+    # DataFrame. Filter, join operations and a lower number of rows available in the
+    # scanned file influence the final number of rows.
+    #
+    # @param n_rows [Integer]
+    #   Collect n_rows from the data sources.
+    # @param type_coercion [Boolean]
+    #   Run type coercion optimization.
+    # @param predicate_pushdown [Boolean]
+    #   Run predicate pushdown optimization.
+    # @param projection_pushdown [Boolean]
+    #   Run projection pushdown optimization.
+    # @param simplify_expression [Boolean]
+    #   Run simplify expressions optimization.
+    # @param string_cache [Boolean]
+    #   This argument is deprecated. Please set the string cache globally.
+    #   The argument will be ignored
+    # @param no_optimization [Boolean]
+    #   Turn off optimizations.
+    # @param slice_pushdown [Boolean]
+    #   Slice pushdown optimization
+    # @param common_subplan_elimination [Boolean]
+    #   Will try to cache branching subplans that occur on self-joins or unions.
+    # @param allow_streaming [Boolean]
+    #   Run parts of the query in a streaming fashion (this is in an alpha state)
+    #
+    # @return [DataFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "a" => ["a", "b", "a", "b", "b", "c"],
+    #       "b" => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6],
+    #       "c" => [6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
+    #     }
+    #   ).lazy
+    #   df.groupby("a", maintain_order: true).agg(Polars.all.sum).fetch(2)
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (2, 3)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ a   ┆ b   ┆ c   │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ str ┆ i64 ┆ i64 │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ a   ┆ 1   ┆ 6   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ b   ┆ 2   ┆ 5   │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┴─────┘
+    def fetch(
+      n_rows = 500,
+      type_coercion: true,
+      predicate_pushdown: true,
+      projection_pushdown: true,
+      simplify_expression: true,
+      string_cache: false,
+      no_optimization: false,
+      slice_pushdown: true,
+      common_subplan_elimination: true,
+      allow_streaming: false
+    )
+      if no_optimization
+        predicate_pushdown = false
+        projection_pushdown = false
+        slice_pushdown = false
+        common_subplan_elimination = false
+      end
+
+      ldf = _ldf.optimization_toggle(
+        type_coercion,
+        predicate_pushdown,
+        projection_pushdown,
+        simplify_expression,
+        slice_pushdown,
+        common_subplan_elimination,
+        allow_streaming
+      )
+      Utils.wrap_df(ldf.fetch(n_rows))
+    end
+
+    # Return lazy representation, i.e. itself.
+    #
+    # Useful for writing code that expects either a `DataFrame` or
+    # `LazyFrame`.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "a" => [nil, 2, 3, 4],
+    #       "b" => [0.5, nil, 2.5, 13],
+    #       "c" => [true, true, false, nil]
+    #     }
+    #   )
+    #   df.lazy
+    def lazy
+      self
+    end
+
+    # Cache the result once the execution of the physical plan hits this node.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    def cache
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.cache)
+    end
+
+    # Create an empty copy of the current LazyFrame.
+    #
+    # The copy has an identical schema but no data.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "a" => [nil, 2, 3, 4],
+    #       "b" => [0.5, nil, 2.5, 13],
+    #       "c" => [true, true, false, nil],
+    #     }
+    #   ).lazy
+    #   df.cleared.fetch
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (0, 3)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┬──────┐
+    #   # │ a   ┆ b   ┆ c    │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- ┆ ---  │
+    #   # │ i64 ┆ f64 ┆ bool │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╪══════╡
+    #   # └─────┴─────┴──────┘
+    def cleared
+      DataFrame.new(columns: schema).lazy
+    end
+
+    # Filter the rows in the DataFrame based on a predicate expression.
+    #
+    # @param predicate [Object]
+    #   Expression that evaluates to a boolean Series.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example Filter on one condition:
+    #   lf = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "foo" => [1, 2, 3],
+    #       "bar" => [6, 7, 8],
+    #       "ham" => ["a", "b", "c"]
+    #     }
+    #   ).lazy
+    #   lf.filter(Polars.col("foo") < 3).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (2, 3)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ foo ┆ bar ┆ ham │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ i64 ┆ i64 ┆ str │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ 1   ┆ 6   ┆ a   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2   ┆ 7   ┆ b   │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┴─────┘
+    #
+    # @example Filter on multiple conditions:
+    #   lf.filter((Polars.col("foo") < 3) & (Polars.col("ham") == "a")).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (1, 3)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ foo ┆ bar ┆ ham │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ i64 ┆ i64 ┆ str │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ 1   ┆ 6   ┆ a   │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┴─────┘
+    def filter(predicate)
+      _from_rbldf(
+        _ldf.filter(
+          Utils.expr_to_lit_or_expr(predicate, str_to_lit: false)._rbexpr
+        )
+      )
+    end
+
+    # Select columns from this DataFrame.
+    #
+    # @param exprs [Object]
+    #   Column or columns to select.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "foo" => [1, 2, 3],
+    #       "bar" => [6, 7, 8],
+    #       "ham" => ["a", "b", "c"],
+    #     }
+    #   ).lazy
+    #   df.select("foo").collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3, 1)
+    #   # ┌─────┐
+    #   # │ foo │
+    #   # │ --- │
+    #   # │ i64 │
+    #   # ╞═════╡
+    #   # │ 1   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 3   │
+    #   # └─────┘
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df.select(["foo", "bar"]).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3, 2)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ foo ┆ bar │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ i64 ┆ i64 │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ 1   ┆ 6   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2   ┆ 7   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 3   ┆ 8   │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┘
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df.select(Polars.col("foo") + 1).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3, 1)
+    #   # ┌─────┐
+    #   # │ foo │
+    #   # │ --- │
+    #   # │ i64 │
+    #   # ╞═════╡
+    #   # │ 2   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 3   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 4   │
+    #   # └─────┘
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df.select([Polars.col("foo") + 1, Polars.col("bar") + 1]).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3, 2)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ foo ┆ bar │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ i64 ┆ i64 │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ 2   ┆ 7   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 3   ┆ 8   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 4   ┆ 9   │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┘
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df.select(Polars.when(Polars.col("foo") > 2).then(10).otherwise(0)).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3, 1)
+    #   # ┌─────────┐
+    #   # │ literal │
+    #   # │ ---     │
+    #   # │ i64     │
+    #   # ╞═════════╡
+    #   # │ 0       │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 0       │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 10      │
+    #   # └─────────┘
+    def select(exprs)
+      exprs = Utils.selection_to_rbexpr_list(exprs)
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.select(exprs))
+    end
+
+    # Start a groupby operation.
+    #
+    # @param by [Object]
+    #   Column(s) to group by.
+    # @param maintain_order [Boolean]
+    #   Make sure that the order of the groups remain consistent. This is more
+    #   expensive than a default groupby.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyGroupBy]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "a" => ["a", "b", "a", "b", "b", "c"],
+    #       "b" => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6],
+    #       "c" => [6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
+    #     }
+    #   ).lazy
+    #   df.groupby("a", maintain_order: true).agg(Polars.col("b").sum).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3, 2)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ a   ┆ b   │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ str ┆ i64 │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ a   ┆ 4   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ b   ┆ 11  │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ c   ┆ 6   │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┘
+    def groupby(by, maintain_order: false)
+      rbexprs_by = Utils.selection_to_rbexpr_list(by)
+      lgb = _ldf.groupby(rbexprs_by, maintain_order)
+      LazyGroupBy.new(lgb, self.class)
+    end
+
+    # Create rolling groups based on a time column.
+    #
+    # Also works for index values of type `:i32` or `:i64`.
+    #
+    # Different from a `dynamic_groupby` the windows are now determined by the
+    # individual values and are not of constant intervals. For constant intervals
+    # use *groupby_dynamic*.
+    #
+    # The `period` and `offset` arguments are created either from a timedelta, or
+    # by using the following string language:
+    #
+    # - 1ns   (1 nanosecond)
+    # - 1us   (1 microsecond)
+    # - 1ms   (1 millisecond)
+    # - 1s    (1 second)
+    # - 1m    (1 minute)
+    # - 1h    (1 hour)
+    # - 1d    (1 day)
+    # - 1w    (1 week)
+    # - 1mo   (1 calendar month)
+    # - 1y    (1 calendar year)
+    # - 1i    (1 index count)
+    #
+    # Or combine them:
+    # "3d12h4m25s" # 3 days, 12 hours, 4 minutes, and 25 seconds
+    #
+    # In case of a groupby_rolling on an integer column, the windows are defined by:
+    #
+    # - "1i"      # length 1
+    # - "10i"     # length 10
+    #
+    # @param index_column [Object]
+    #   Column used to group based on the time window.
+    #   Often to type Date/Datetime
+    #   This column must be sorted in ascending order. If not the output will not
+    #   make sense.
+    #
+    #   In case of a rolling groupby on indices, dtype needs to be one of
+    #   `:i32`, `:i64`. Note that `:i32` gets temporarily cast to `:i64`, so if
+    #   performance matters use an `:i64` column.
+    # @param period [Object]
+    #   Length of the window.
+    # @param offset [Object]
+    #   Offset of the window. Default is -period.
+    # @param closed ["right", "left", "both", "none"]
+    #   Define whether the temporal window interval is closed or not.
+    # @param by [Object]
+    #   Also group by this column/these columns.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   dates = [
+    #     "2020-01-01 13:45:48",
+    #     "2020-01-01 16:42:13",
+    #     "2020-01-01 16:45:09",
+    #     "2020-01-02 18:12:48",
+    #     "2020-01-03 19:45:32",
+    #     "2020-01-08 23:16:43"
+    #   ]
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new({"dt" => dates, "a" => [3, 7, 5, 9, 2, 1]}).with_column(
+    #     Polars.col("dt").str.strptime(:datetime)
+    #   )
+    #   df.groupby_rolling(index_column: "dt", period: "2d").agg(
+    #     [
+    #       Polars.sum("a").alias("sum_a"),
+    #       Polars.min("a").alias("min_a"),
+    #       Polars.max("a").alias("max_a")
+    #     ]
+    #   )
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (6, 4)
+    #   # ┌─────────────────────┬───────┬───────┬───────┐
+    #   # │ dt                  ┆ sum_a ┆ min_a ┆ max_a │
+    #   # │ ---                 ┆ ---   ┆ ---   ┆ ---   │
+    #   # │ datetime[μs]        ┆ i64   ┆ i64   ┆ i64   │
+    #   # ╞═════════════════════╪═══════╪═══════╪═══════╡
+    #   # │ 2020-01-01 13:45:48 ┆ 3     ┆ 3     ┆ 3     │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2020-01-01 16:42:13 ┆ 10    ┆ 3     ┆ 7     │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2020-01-01 16:45:09 ┆ 15    ┆ 3     ┆ 7     │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2020-01-02 18:12:48 ┆ 24    ┆ 3     ┆ 9     │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2020-01-03 19:45:32 ┆ 11    ┆ 2     ┆ 9     │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2020-01-08 23:16:43 ┆ 1     ┆ 1     ┆ 1     │
+    #   # └─────────────────────┴───────┴───────┴───────┘
+    def groupby_rolling(
+      index_column:,
+      period:,
+      offset: nil,
+      closed: "right",
+      by: nil
+    )
+      if offset.nil?
+        offset = "-#{period}"
+      end
+
+      rbexprs_by = by.nil? ? [] : Utils.selection_to_rbexpr_list(by)
+      period = Utils._timedelta_to_pl_duration(period)
+      offset = Utils._timedelta_to_pl_duration(offset)
+
+      lgb = _ldf.groupby_rolling(
+        index_column, period, offset, closed, rbexprs_by
+      )
+      LazyGroupBy.new(lgb, self.class)
+    end
+
+    # Group based on a time value (or index value of type `:i32`, `:i64`).
+    #
+    # Time windows are calculated and rows are assigned to windows. Different from a
+    # normal groupby is that a row can be member of multiple groups. The time/index
+    # window could be seen as a rolling window, with a window size determined by
+    # dates/times/values instead of slots in the DataFrame.
+    #
+    # A window is defined by:
+    #
+    # - every: interval of the window
+    # - period: length of the window
+    # - offset: offset of the window
+    #
+    # The `every`, `period` and `offset` arguments are created with
+    # the following string language:
+    #
+    # - 1ns   (1 nanosecond)
+    # - 1us   (1 microsecond)
+    # - 1ms   (1 millisecond)
+    # - 1s    (1 second)
+    # - 1m    (1 minute)
+    # - 1h    (1 hour)
+    # - 1d    (1 day)
+    # - 1w    (1 week)
+    # - 1mo   (1 calendar month)
+    # - 1y    (1 calendar year)
+    # - 1i    (1 index count)
+    #
+    # Or combine them:
+    # "3d12h4m25s" # 3 days, 12 hours, 4 minutes, and 25 seconds
+    #
+    # In case of a groupby_dynamic on an integer column, the windows are defined by:
+    #
+    # - "1i"      # length 1
+    # - "10i"     # length 10
+    #
+    # @param index_column
+    #   Column used to group based on the time window.
+    #   Often to type Date/Datetime
+    #   This column must be sorted in ascending order. If not the output will not
+    #   make sense.
+    #
+    #   In case of a dynamic groupby on indices, dtype needs to be one of
+    #   `:i32`, `:i64`. Note that `:i32` gets temporarily cast to `:i64`, so if
+    #   performance matters use an `:i64` column.
+    # @param every
+    #   Interval of the window.
+    # @param period
+    #   Length of the window, if None it is equal to 'every'.
+    # @param offset
+    #   Offset of the window if None and period is None it will be equal to negative
+    #   `every`.
+    # @param truncate
+    #   Truncate the time value to the window lower bound.
+    # @param include_boundaries
+    #   Add the lower and upper bound of the window to the "_lower_bound" and
+    #   "_upper_bound" columns. This will impact performance because it's harder to
+    #   parallelize
+    # @param closed ["right", "left", "both", "none"]
+    #   Define whether the temporal window interval is closed or not.
+    # @param by
+    #   Also group by this column/these columns
+    #
+    # @return [DataFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "time" => Polars.date_range(
+    #         DateTime.new(2021, 12, 16),
+    #         DateTime.new(2021, 12, 16, 3),
+    #         "30m"
+    #       ),
+    #       "n" => 0..6
+    #     }
+    #   )
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (7, 2)
+    #   # ┌─────────────────────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ time                ┆ n   │
+    #   # │ ---                 ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ datetime[μs]        ┆ i64 │
+    #   # ╞═════════════════════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ 2021-12-16 00:00:00 ┆ 0   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2021-12-16 00:30:00 ┆ 1   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2021-12-16 01:00:00 ┆ 2   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2021-12-16 01:30:00 ┆ 3   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2021-12-16 02:00:00 ┆ 4   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2021-12-16 02:30:00 ┆ 5   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2021-12-16 03:00:00 ┆ 6   │
+    #   # └─────────────────────┴─────┘
+    #
+    # @example Group by windows of 1 hour starting at 2021-12-16 00:00:00.
+    #   df.groupby_dynamic("time", every: "1h", closed: "right").agg(
+    #     [
+    #       Polars.col("time").min.alias("time_min"),
+    #       Polars.col("time").max.alias("time_max")
+    #     ]
+    #   )
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (4, 3)
+    #   # ┌─────────────────────┬─────────────────────┬─────────────────────┐
+    #   # │ time                ┆ time_min            ┆ time_max            │
+    #   # │ ---                 ┆ ---                 ┆ ---                 │
+    #   # │ datetime[μs]        ┆ datetime[μs]        ┆ datetime[μs]        │
+    #   # ╞═════════════════════╪═════════════════════╪═════════════════════╡
+    #   # │ 2021-12-15 23:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 00:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 00:00:00 │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2021-12-16 00:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 00:30:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 01:00:00 │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2021-12-16 01:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 01:30:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 02:00:00 │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2021-12-16 02:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 02:30:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 03:00:00 │
+    #   # └─────────────────────┴─────────────────────┴─────────────────────┘
+    #
+    # @example The window boundaries can also be added to the aggregation result.
+    #   df.groupby_dynamic(
+    #     "time", every: "1h", include_boundaries: true, closed: "right"
+    #   ).agg([Polars.col("time").count.alias("time_count")])
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (4, 4)
+    #   # ┌─────────────────────┬─────────────────────┬─────────────────────┬────────────┐
+    #   # │ _lower_boundary     ┆ _upper_boundary     ┆ time                ┆ time_count │
+    #   # │ ---                 ┆ ---                 ┆ ---                 ┆ ---        │
+    #   # │ datetime[μs]        ┆ datetime[μs]        ┆ datetime[μs]        ┆ u32        │
+    #   # ╞═════════════════════╪═════════════════════╪═════════════════════╪════════════╡
+    #   # │ 2021-12-15 23:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 00:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-15 23:00:00 ┆ 1          │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2021-12-16 00:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 01:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 00:00:00 ┆ 2          │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2021-12-16 01:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 02:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 01:00:00 ┆ 2          │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2021-12-16 02:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 03:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 02:00:00 ┆ 2          │
+    #   # └─────────────────────┴─────────────────────┴─────────────────────┴────────────┘
+    #
+    # @example When closed="left", should not include right end of interval.
+    #   df.groupby_dynamic("time", every: "1h", closed: "left").agg(
+    #     [
+    #       Polars.col("time").count.alias("time_count"),
+    #       Polars.col("time").list.alias("time_agg_list")
+    #     ]
+    #   )
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (4, 3)
+    #   # ┌─────────────────────┬────────────┬─────────────────────────────────────┐
+    #   # │ time                ┆ time_count ┆ time_agg_list                       │
+    #   # │ ---                 ┆ ---        ┆ ---                                 │
+    #   # │ datetime[μs]        ┆ u32        ┆ list[datetime[μs]]                  │
+    #   # ╞═════════════════════╪════════════╪═════════════════════════════════════╡
+    #   # │ 2021-12-16 00:00:00 ┆ 2          ┆ [2021-12-16 00:00:00, 2021-12-16... │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2021-12-16 01:00:00 ┆ 2          ┆ [2021-12-16 01:00:00, 2021-12-16... │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2021-12-16 02:00:00 ┆ 2          ┆ [2021-12-16 02:00:00, 2021-12-16... │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2021-12-16 03:00:00 ┆ 1          ┆ [2021-12-16 03:00:00]               │
+    #   # └─────────────────────┴────────────┴─────────────────────────────────────┘
+    #
+    # @example When closed="both" the time values at the window boundaries belong to 2 groups.
+    #   df.groupby_dynamic("time", every: "1h", closed: "both").agg(
+    #     [Polars.col("time").count.alias("time_count")]
+    #   )
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (5, 2)
+    #   # ┌─────────────────────┬────────────┐
+    #   # │ time                ┆ time_count │
+    #   # │ ---                 ┆ ---        │
+    #   # │ datetime[μs]        ┆ u32        │
+    #   # ╞═════════════════════╪════════════╡
+    #   # │ 2021-12-15 23:00:00 ┆ 1          │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2021-12-16 00:00:00 ┆ 3          │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2021-12-16 01:00:00 ┆ 3          │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2021-12-16 02:00:00 ┆ 3          │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2021-12-16 03:00:00 ┆ 1          │
+    #   # └─────────────────────┴────────────┘
+    #
+    # @example Dynamic groupbys can also be combined with grouping on normal keys.
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "time" => Polars.date_range(
+    #         DateTime.new(2021, 12, 16),
+    #         DateTime.new(2021, 12, 16, 3),
+    #         "30m"
+    #       ),
+    #       "groups" => ["a", "a", "a", "b", "b", "a", "a"]
+    #     }
+    #   )
+    #   df.groupby_dynamic(
+    #     "time",
+    #     every: "1h",
+    #     closed: "both",
+    #     by: "groups",
+    #     include_boundaries: true
+    #   ).agg([Polars.col("time").count.alias("time_count")])
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (7, 5)
+    #   # ┌────────┬─────────────────────┬─────────────────────┬─────────────────────┬────────────┐
+    #   # │ groups ┆ _lower_boundary     ┆ _upper_boundary     ┆ time                ┆ time_count │
+    #   # │ ---    ┆ ---                 ┆ ---                 ┆ ---                 ┆ ---        │
+    #   # │ str    ┆ datetime[μs]        ┆ datetime[μs]        ┆ datetime[μs]        ┆ u32        │
+    #   # ╞════════╪═════════════════════╪═════════════════════╪═════════════════════╪════════════╡
+    #   # │ a      ┆ 2021-12-15 23:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 00:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-15 23:00:00 ┆ 1          │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ a      ┆ 2021-12-16 00:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 01:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 00:00:00 ┆ 3          │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ a      ┆ 2021-12-16 01:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 02:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 01:00:00 ┆ 1          │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ a      ┆ 2021-12-16 02:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 03:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 02:00:00 ┆ 2          │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ a      ┆ 2021-12-16 03:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 04:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 03:00:00 ┆ 1          │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ b      ┆ 2021-12-16 01:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 02:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 01:00:00 ┆ 2          │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ b      ┆ 2021-12-16 02:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 03:00:00 ┆ 2021-12-16 02:00:00 ┆ 1          │
+    #   # └────────┴─────────────────────┴─────────────────────┴─────────────────────┴────────────┘
+    #
+    # @example Dynamic groupby on an index column.
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "idx" => Polars.arange(0, 6, eager: true),
+    #       "A" => ["A", "A", "B", "B", "B", "C"]
+    #     }
+    #   )
+    #   df.groupby_dynamic(
+    #     "idx",
+    #     every: "2i",
+    #     period: "3i",
+    #     include_boundaries: true,
+    #     closed: "right"
+    #   ).agg(Polars.col("A").list.alias("A_agg_list"))
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3, 4)
+    #   # ┌─────────────────┬─────────────────┬─────┬─────────────────┐
+    #   # │ _lower_boundary ┆ _upper_boundary ┆ idx ┆ A_agg_list      │
+    #   # │ ---             ┆ ---             ┆ --- ┆ ---             │
+    #   # │ i64             ┆ i64             ┆ i64 ┆ list[str]       │
+    #   # ╞═════════════════╪═════════════════╪═════╪═════════════════╡
+    #   # │ 0               ┆ 3               ┆ 0   ┆ ["A", "B", "B"] │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2               ┆ 5               ┆ 2   ┆ ["B", "B", "C"] │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 4               ┆ 7               ┆ 4   ┆ ["C"]           │
+    #   # └─────────────────┴─────────────────┴─────┴─────────────────┘
+    def groupby_dynamic(
+      index_column,
+      every:,
+      period: nil,
+      offset: nil,
+      truncate: true,
+      include_boundaries: false,
+      closed: "left",
+      by: nil,
+      start_by: "window"
+    )
+      if offset.nil?
+        if period.nil?
+          offset = "-#{every}"
+        else
+          offset = "0ns"
+        end
+      end
+
+      if period.nil?
+        period = every
+      end
+
+      period = Utils._timedelta_to_pl_duration(period)
+      offset = Utils._timedelta_to_pl_duration(offset)
+      every = Utils._timedelta_to_pl_duration(every)
+
+      rbexprs_by = by.nil? ? [] : Utils.selection_to_rbexpr_list(by)
+      lgb = _ldf.groupby_dynamic(
+        index_column,
+        every,
+        period,
+        offset,
+        truncate,
+        include_boundaries,
+        closed,
+        rbexprs_by,
+        start_by
+      )
+      LazyGroupBy.new(lgb, self.class)
+    end
+
+    # Perform an asof join.
+    #
+    # This is similar to a left-join except that we match on nearest key rather than
+    # equal keys.
+    #
+    # Both DataFrames must be sorted by the join_asof key.
+    #
+    # For each row in the left DataFrame:
+    #
+    # - A "backward" search selects the last row in the right DataFrame whose 'on' key is less than or equal to the left's key.
+    # - A "forward" search selects the first row in the right DataFrame whose 'on' key is greater than or equal to the left's key.
+    #
+    # The default is "backward".
+    #
+    # @param other [LazyFrame]
+    #   Lazy DataFrame to join with.
+    # @param left_on [String]
+    #   Join column of the left DataFrame.
+    # @param right_on [String]
+    #   Join column of the right DataFrame.
+    # @param on [String]
+    #   Join column of both DataFrames. If set, `left_on` and `right_on` should be
+    #   None.
+    # @param by [Object]
+    #   Join on these columns before doing asof join.
+    # @param by_left [Object]
+    #   Join on these columns before doing asof join.
+    # @param by_right [Object]
+    #   Join on these columns before doing asof join.
+    # @param strategy ["backward", "forward"]
+    #   Join strategy.
+    # @param suffix [String]
+    #   Suffix to append to columns with a duplicate name.
+    # @param tolerance [Object]
+    #   Numeric tolerance. By setting this the join will only be done if the near
+    #   keys are within this distance. If an asof join is done on columns of dtype
+    #   "Date", "Datetime", "Duration" or "Time" you use the following string
+    #   language:
+    #
+    #   - 1ns   (1 nanosecond)
+    #   - 1us   (1 microsecond)
+    #   - 1ms   (1 millisecond)
+    #   - 1s    (1 second)
+    #   - 1m    (1 minute)
+    #   - 1h    (1 hour)
+    #   - 1d    (1 day)
+    #   - 1w    (1 week)
+    #   - 1mo   (1 calendar month)
+    #   - 1y    (1 calendar year)
+    #   - 1i    (1 index count)
+    #
+    #   Or combine them:
+    #   "3d12h4m25s" # 3 days, 12 hours, 4 minutes, and 25 seconds
+    #
+    # @param allow_parallel [Boolean]
+    #   Allow the physical plan to optionally evaluate the computation of both
+    #   DataFrames up to the join in parallel.
+    # @param force_parallel [Boolean]
+    #   Force the physical plan to evaluate the computation of both DataFrames up to
+    #   the join in parallel.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    def join_asof(
+      other,
+      left_on: nil,
+      right_on: nil,
+      on: nil,
+      by_left: nil,
+      by_right: nil,
+      by: nil,
+      strategy: "backward",
+      suffix: "_right",
+      tolerance: nil,
+      allow_parallel: true,
+      force_parallel: false
+    )
+      if !other.is_a?(LazyFrame)
+        raise ArgumentError, "Expected a `LazyFrame` as join table, got #{other.class.name}"
+      end
+
+      if on.is_a?(String)
+        left_on = on
+        right_on = on
+      end
+
+      if left_on.nil? || right_on.nil?
+        raise ArgumentError, "You should pass the column to join on as an argument."
+      end
+
+      if by_left.is_a?(String) || by_left.is_a?(Expr)
+        by_left_ = [by_left]
+      else
+        by_left_ = by_left
+      end
+
+      if by_right.is_a?(String) || by_right.is_a?(Expr)
+        by_right_ = [by_right]
+      else
+        by_right_ = by_right
+      end
+
+      if by.is_a?(String)
+        by_left_ = [by]
+        by_right_ = [by]
+      elsif by.is_a?(Array)
+        by_left_ = by
+        by_right_ = by
+      end
+
+      tolerance_str = nil
+      tolerance_num = nil
+      if tolerance.is_a?(String)
+        tolerance_str = tolerance
+      else
+        tolerance_num = tolerance
+      end
+
+      _from_rbldf(
+        _ldf.join_asof(
+          other._ldf,
+          Polars.col(left_on)._rbexpr,
+          Polars.col(right_on)._rbexpr,
+          by_left_,
+          by_right_,
+          allow_parallel,
+          force_parallel,
+          suffix,
+          strategy,
+          tolerance_num,
+          tolerance_str
+        )
+      )
+    end
+
+    # Add a join operation to the Logical Plan.
+    #
+    # @param other [LazyFrame]
+    #   Lazy DataFrame to join with.
+    # @param left_on [Object]
+    #   Join column of the left DataFrame.
+    # @param right_on [Object]
+    #   Join column of the right DataFrame.
+    # @param on Object
+    #   Join column of both DataFrames. If set, `left_on` and `right_on` should be
+    #   None.
+    # @param how ["inner", "left", "outer", "semi", "anti", "cross"]
+    #   Join strategy.
+    # @param suffix [String]
+    #   Suffix to append to columns with a duplicate name.
+    # @param allow_parallel [Boolean]
+    #   Allow the physical plan to optionally evaluate the computation of both
+    #   DataFrames up to the join in parallel.
+    # @param force_parallel [Boolean]
+    #   Force the physical plan to evaluate the computation of both DataFrames up to
+    #   the join in parallel.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "foo" => [1, 2, 3],
+    #       "bar" => [6.0, 7.0, 8.0],
+    #       "ham" => ["a", "b", "c"]
+    #     }
+    #   ).lazy
+    #   other_df = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "apple" => ["x", "y", "z"],
+    #       "ham" => ["a", "b", "d"]
+    #     }
+    #   ).lazy
+    #   df.join(other_df, on: "ham").collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (2, 4)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┬─────┬───────┐
+    #   # │ foo ┆ bar ┆ ham ┆ apple │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- ┆ --- ┆ ---   │
+    #   # │ i64 ┆ f64 ┆ str ┆ str   │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╪═════╪═══════╡
+    #   # │ 1   ┆ 6.0 ┆ a   ┆ x     │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2   ┆ 7.0 ┆ b   ┆ y     │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┴─────┴───────┘
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df.join(other_df, on: "ham", how: "outer").collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (4, 4)
+    #   # ┌──────┬──────┬─────┬───────┐
+    #   # │ foo  ┆ bar  ┆ ham ┆ apple │
+    #   # │ ---  ┆ ---  ┆ --- ┆ ---   │
+    #   # │ i64  ┆ f64  ┆ str ┆ str   │
+    #   # ╞══════╪══════╪═════╪═══════╡
+    #   # │ 1    ┆ 6.0  ┆ a   ┆ x     │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2    ┆ 7.0  ┆ b   ┆ y     │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ null ┆ null ┆ d   ┆ z     │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 3    ┆ 8.0  ┆ c   ┆ null  │
+    #   # └──────┴──────┴─────┴───────┘
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df.join(other_df, on: "ham", how: "left").collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3, 4)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┬─────┬───────┐
+    #   # │ foo ┆ bar ┆ ham ┆ apple │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- ┆ --- ┆ ---   │
+    #   # │ i64 ┆ f64 ┆ str ┆ str   │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╪═════╪═══════╡
+    #   # │ 1   ┆ 6.0 ┆ a   ┆ x     │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2   ┆ 7.0 ┆ b   ┆ y     │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 3   ┆ 8.0 ┆ c   ┆ null  │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┴─────┴───────┘
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df.join(other_df, on: "ham", how: "semi").collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (2, 3)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ foo ┆ bar ┆ ham │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ i64 ┆ f64 ┆ str │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ 1   ┆ 6.0 ┆ a   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2   ┆ 7.0 ┆ b   │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┴─────┘
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df.join(other_df, on: "ham", how: "anti").collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (1, 3)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ foo ┆ bar ┆ ham │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ i64 ┆ f64 ┆ str │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ 3   ┆ 8.0 ┆ c   │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┴─────┘
+    def join(
+      other,
+      left_on: nil,
+      right_on: nil,
+      on: nil,
+      how: "inner",
+      suffix: "_right",
+      allow_parallel: true,
+      force_parallel: false
+    )
+      if !other.is_a?(LazyFrame)
+        raise ArgumentError, "Expected a `LazyFrame` as join table, got #{other.class.name}"
+      end
+
+      if how == "cross"
+        return _from_rbldf(
+          _ldf.join(
+            other._ldf, [], [], allow_parallel, force_parallel, how, suffix
+          )
+        )
+      end
+
+      if !on.nil?
+        rbexprs = Utils.selection_to_rbexpr_list(on)
+        rbexprs_left = rbexprs
+        rbexprs_right = rbexprs
+      elsif !left_on.nil? && !right_on.nil?
+        rbexprs_left = Utils.selection_to_rbexpr_list(left_on)
+        rbexprs_right = Utils.selection_to_rbexpr_list(right_on)
+      else
+        raise ArgumentError, "must specify `on` OR `left_on` and `right_on`"
+      end
+
+      _from_rbldf(
+        self._ldf.join(
+          other._ldf,
+          rbexprs_left,
+          rbexprs_right,
+          allow_parallel,
+          force_parallel,
+          how,
+          suffix,
+        )
+      )
+    end
+
+    # Add or overwrite multiple columns in a DataFrame.
+    #
+    # @param exprs [Object]
+    #   List of Expressions that evaluate to columns.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   ldf = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "a" => [1, 2, 3, 4],
+    #       "b" => [0.5, 4, 10, 13],
+    #       "c" => [true, true, false, true]
+    #     }
+    #   ).lazy
+    #   ldf.with_columns(
+    #     [
+    #       (Polars.col("a") ** 2).alias("a^2"),
+    #       (Polars.col("b") / 2).alias("b/2"),
+    #       (Polars.col("c").is_not).alias("not c")
+    #     ]
+    #   ).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (4, 6)
+    #   # ┌─────┬──────┬───────┬──────┬──────┬───────┐
+    #   # │ a   ┆ b    ┆ c     ┆ a^2  ┆ b/2  ┆ not c │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ ---  ┆ ---   ┆ ---  ┆ ---  ┆ ---   │
+    #   # │ i64 ┆ f64  ┆ bool  ┆ f64  ┆ f64  ┆ bool  │
+    #   # ╞═════╪══════╪═══════╪══════╪══════╪═══════╡
+    #   # │ 1   ┆ 0.5  ┆ true  ┆ 1.0  ┆ 0.25 ┆ false │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2   ┆ 4.0  ┆ true  ┆ 4.0  ┆ 2.0  ┆ false │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 3   ┆ 10.0 ┆ false ┆ 9.0  ┆ 5.0  ┆ true  │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 4   ┆ 13.0 ┆ true  ┆ 16.0 ┆ 6.5  ┆ false │
+    #   # └─────┴──────┴───────┴──────┴──────┴───────┘
+    def with_columns(exprs)
+      exprs =
+        if exprs.nil?
+          []
+        elsif exprs.is_a?(Expr)
+          [exprs]
+        else
+          exprs.to_a
+        end
+
+      rbexprs = []
+      exprs.each do |e|
+        case e
+        when Expr
+          rbexprs << e._rbexpr
+        when Series
+          rbexprs = Utils.lit(e)._rbexpr
+        else
+          raise ArgumentError, "Expected an expression, got #{e}"
+        end
+      end
+
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.with_columns(rbexprs))
+    end
+
+    # Add an external context to the computation graph.
+    #
+    # This allows expressions to also access columns from DataFrames
+    # that are not part of this one.
+    #
+    # @param other [Object]
+    #   Lazy DataFrame to join with.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df_a = Polars::DataFrame.new({"a" => [1, 2, 3], "b" => ["a", "c", nil]}).lazy
+    #   df_other = Polars::DataFrame.new({"c" => ["foo", "ham"]})
+    #   (
+    #     df_a.with_context(df_other.lazy).select(
+    #       [Polars.col("b") + Polars.col("c").first]
+    #     )
+    #   ).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3, 1)
+    #   # ┌──────┐
+    #   # │ b    │
+    #   # │ ---  │
+    #   # │ str  │
+    #   # ╞══════╡
+    #   # │ afoo │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ cfoo │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ null │
+    #   # └──────┘
+    def with_context(other)
+      if !other.is_a?(Array)
+        other = [other]
+      end
+
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.with_context(other.map(&:_ldf)))
+    end
+
+    # Add or overwrite column in a DataFrame.
+    #
+    # @param column [Object]
+    #   Expression that evaluates to column or a Series to use.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "a" => [1, 3, 5],
+    #       "b" => [2, 4, 6]
+    #     }
+    #   ).lazy
+    #   df.with_column((Polars.col("b") ** 2).alias("b_squared")).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3, 3)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┬───────────┐
+    #   # │ a   ┆ b   ┆ b_squared │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- ┆ ---       │
+    #   # │ i64 ┆ i64 ┆ f64       │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╪═══════════╡
+    #   # │ 1   ┆ 2   ┆ 4.0       │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 3   ┆ 4   ┆ 16.0      │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 5   ┆ 6   ┆ 36.0      │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┴───────────┘
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df.with_column(Polars.col("a") ** 2).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3, 2)
+    #   # ┌──────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ a    ┆ b   │
+    #   # │ ---  ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ f64  ┆ i64 │
+    #   # ╞══════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ 1.0  ┆ 2   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 9.0  ┆ 4   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 25.0 ┆ 6   │
+    #   # └──────┴─────┘
+    def with_column(column)
+      with_columns([column])
+    end
+
+    # Remove one or multiple columns from a DataFrame.
+    #
+    # @param columns [Object]
+    #   - Name of the column that should be removed.
+    #   - List of column names.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    def drop(columns)
+      if columns.is_a?(String)
+        columns = [columns]
+      end
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.drop_columns(columns))
+    end
+
+    # Rename column names.
+    #
+    # @param mapping [Hash]
+    #   Key value pairs that map from old name to new name.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    def rename(mapping)
+      existing = mapping.keys
+      _new = mapping.values
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.rename(existing, _new))
+    end
+
+    # Reverse the DataFrame.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    def reverse
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.reverse)
+    end
+
+    # Shift the values by a given period.
+    #
+    # @param periods [Integer]
+    #   Number of places to shift (may be negative).
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "a" => [1, 3, 5],
+    #       "b" => [2, 4, 6]
+    #     }
+    #   ).lazy
+    #   df.shift(1).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3, 2)
+    #   # ┌──────┬──────┐
+    #   # │ a    ┆ b    │
+    #   # │ ---  ┆ ---  │
+    #   # │ i64  ┆ i64  │
+    #   # ╞══════╪══════╡
+    #   # │ null ┆ null │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 1    ┆ 2    │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 3    ┆ 4    │
+    #   # └──────┴──────┘
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df.shift(-1).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3, 2)
+    #   # ┌──────┬──────┐
+    #   # │ a    ┆ b    │
+    #   # │ ---  ┆ ---  │
+    #   # │ i64  ┆ i64  │
+    #   # ╞══════╪══════╡
+    #   # │ 3    ┆ 4    │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 5    ┆ 6    │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ null ┆ null │
+    #   # └──────┴──────┘
+    def shift(periods)
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.shift(periods))
+    end
+
+    # Shift the values by a given period and fill the resulting null values.
+    #
+    # @param periods [Integer]
+    #   Number of places to shift (may be negative).
+    # @param fill_value [Object]
+    #   Fill `nil` values with the result of this expression.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "a" => [1, 3, 5],
+    #       "b" => [2, 4, 6]
+    #     }
+    #   ).lazy
+    #   df.shift_and_fill(1, 0).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3, 2)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ a   ┆ b   │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ i64 ┆ i64 │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ 0   ┆ 0   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 1   ┆ 2   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 3   ┆ 4   │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┘
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df.shift_and_fill(-1, 0).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3, 2)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ a   ┆ b   │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ i64 ┆ i64 │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ 3   ┆ 4   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 5   ┆ 6   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 0   ┆ 0   │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┘
+    def shift_and_fill(periods, fill_value)
+      if !fill_value.is_a?(Expr)
+        fill_value = Polars.lit(fill_value)
+      end
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.shift_and_fill(periods, fill_value._rbexpr))
+    end
+
+    # Get a slice of this DataFrame.
+    #
+    # @param offset [Integer]
+    #   Start index. Negative indexing is supported.
+    # @param length [Integer]
+    #   Length of the slice. If set to `nil`, all rows starting at the offset
+    #   will be selected.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "a" => ["x", "y", "z"],
+    #       "b" => [1, 3, 5],
+    #       "c" => [2, 4, 6]
+    #     }
+    #   ).lazy
+    #   df.slice(1, 2).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (2, 3)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ a   ┆ b   ┆ c   │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ str ┆ i64 ┆ i64 │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ y   ┆ 3   ┆ 4   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ z   ┆ 5   ┆ 6   │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┴─────┘
+    def slice(offset, length = nil)
+      if length && length < 0
+        raise ArgumentError, "Negative slice lengths (#{length}) are invalid for LazyFrame"
+      end
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.slice(offset, length))
+    end
+
+    # Get the first `n` rows.
+    #
+    # Alias for {#head}.
+    #
+    # @param n [Integer]
+    #   Number of rows to return.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @note
+    #   Consider using the {#fetch} operation if you only want to test your
+    #   query. The {#fetch} operation will load the first `n` rows at the scan
+    #   level, whereas the {#head}/{#limit} are applied at the end.
+    def limit(n = 5)
+      head(5)
+    end
+
+    # Get the first `n` rows.
+    #
+    # @param n [Integer]
+    #   Number of rows to return.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @note
+    #   Consider using the {#fetch} operation if you only want to test your
+    #   query. The {#fetch} operation will load the first `n` rows at the scan
+    #   level, whereas the {#head}/{#limit} are applied at the end.
+    def head(n = 5)
+      slice(0, n)
+    end
+
+    # Get the last `n` rows.
+    #
+    # @param n [Integer]
+    #     Number of rows.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    def tail(n = 5)
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.tail(n))
+    end
+
+    # Get the last row of the DataFrame.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    def last
+      tail(1)
+    end
+
+    # Get the first row of the DataFrame.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    def first
+      slice(0, 1)
+    end
+
+    # Add a column at index 0 that counts the rows.
+    #
+    # @param name [String]
+    #   Name of the column to add.
+    # @param offset [Integer]
+    #   Start the row count at this offset.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @note
+    #   This can have a negative effect on query performance.
+    #   This may, for instance, block predicate pushdown optimization.
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "a" => [1, 3, 5],
+    #       "b" => [2, 4, 6]
+    #     }
+    #   ).lazy
+    #   df.with_row_count.collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3, 3)
+    #   # ┌────────┬─────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ row_nr ┆ a   ┆ b   │
+    #   # │ ---    ┆ --- ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ u32    ┆ i64 ┆ i64 │
+    #   # ╞════════╪═════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ 0      ┆ 1   ┆ 2   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 1      ┆ 3   ┆ 4   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2      ┆ 5   ┆ 6   │
+    #   # └────────┴─────┴─────┘
+    def with_row_count(name: "row_nr", offset: 0)
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.with_row_count(name, offset))
+    end
+
+    # Take every nth row in the LazyFrame and return as a new LazyFrame.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::DataFrame.new({"a" => [1, 2, 3, 4], "b" => [5, 6, 7, 8]}).lazy
+    #   s.take_every(2).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (2, 2)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ a   ┆ b   │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ i64 ┆ i64 │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ 1   ┆ 5   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 3   ┆ 7   │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┘
+    def take_every(n)
+      select(Utils.col("*").take_every(n))
+    end
+
+    # Fill null values using the specified value or strategy.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    def fill_null(value = nil, strategy: nil, limit: nil, matches_supertype: nil)
+      select(Polars.all.fill_null(value, strategy: strategy, limit: limit))
+    end
+
+    # Fill floating point NaN values.
+    #
+    # @param fill_value [Object]
+    #   Value to fill the NaN values with.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @note
+    #   Note that floating point NaN (Not a Number) are not missing values!
+    #   To replace missing values, use `fill_null` instead.
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "a" => [1.5, 2, Float::NAN, 4],
+    #       "b" => [0.5, 4, Float::NAN, 13],
+    #     }
+    #   ).lazy
+    #   df.fill_nan(99).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (4, 2)
+    #   # ┌──────┬──────┐
+    #   # │ a    ┆ b    │
+    #   # │ ---  ┆ ---  │
+    #   # │ f64  ┆ f64  │
+    #   # ╞══════╪══════╡
+    #   # │ 1.5  ┆ 0.5  │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2.0  ┆ 4.0  │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 99.0 ┆ 99.0 │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 4.0  ┆ 13.0 │
+    #   # └──────┴──────┘
+    def fill_nan(fill_value)
+      if !fill_value.is_a?(Expr)
+        fill_value = Utils.lit(fill_value)
+      end
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.fill_nan(fill_value._rbexpr))
+    end
+
+    # Aggregate the columns in the DataFrame to their standard deviation value.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new({"a" => [1, 2, 3, 4], "b" => [1, 2, 1, 1]}).lazy
+    #   df.std.collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (1, 2)
+    #   # ┌──────────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ a        ┆ b   │
+    #   # │ ---      ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ f64      ┆ f64 │
+    #   # ╞══════════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ 1.290994 ┆ 0.5 │
+    #   # └──────────┴─────┘
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df.std(ddof: 0).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (1, 2)
+    #   # ┌──────────┬──────────┐
+    #   # │ a        ┆ b        │
+    #   # │ ---      ┆ ---      │
+    #   # │ f64      ┆ f64      │
+    #   # ╞══════════╪══════════╡
+    #   # │ 1.118034 ┆ 0.433013 │
+    #   # └──────────┴──────────┘
+    def std(ddof: 1)
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.std(ddof))
+    end
+
+    # Aggregate the columns in the DataFrame to their variance value.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new({"a" => [1, 2, 3, 4], "b" => [1, 2, 1, 1]}).lazy
+    #   df.var.collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (1, 2)
+    #   # ┌──────────┬──────┐
+    #   # │ a        ┆ b    │
+    #   # │ ---      ┆ ---  │
+    #   # │ f64      ┆ f64  │
+    #   # ╞══════════╪══════╡
+    #   # │ 1.666667 ┆ 0.25 │
+    #   # └──────────┴──────┘
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df.var(ddof: 0).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (1, 2)
+    #   # ┌──────┬────────┐
+    #   # │ a    ┆ b      │
+    #   # │ ---  ┆ ---    │
+    #   # │ f64  ┆ f64    │
+    #   # ╞══════╪════════╡
+    #   # │ 1.25 ┆ 0.1875 │
+    #   # └──────┴────────┘
+    def var(ddof: 1)
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.var(ddof))
+    end
+
+    # Aggregate the columns in the DataFrame to their maximum value.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new({"a" => [1, 2, 3, 4], "b" => [1, 2, 1, 1]}).lazy
+    #   df.max.collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (1, 2)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ a   ┆ b   │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ i64 ┆ i64 │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ 4   ┆ 2   │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┘
+    def max
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.max)
+    end
+
+    # Aggregate the columns in the DataFrame to their minimum value.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new({"a" => [1, 2, 3, 4], "b" => [1, 2, 1, 1]}).lazy
+    #   df.min.collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (1, 2)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ a   ┆ b   │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ i64 ┆ i64 │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ 1   ┆ 1   │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┘
+    def min
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.min)
+    end
+
+    # Aggregate the columns in the DataFrame to their sum value.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new({"a" => [1, 2, 3, 4], "b" => [1, 2, 1, 1]}).lazy
+    #   df.sum.collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (1, 2)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ a   ┆ b   │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ i64 ┆ i64 │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ 10  ┆ 5   │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┘
+    def sum
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.sum)
+    end
+
+    # Aggregate the columns in the DataFrame to their mean value.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new({"a" => [1, 2, 3, 4], "b" => [1, 2, 1, 1]}).lazy
+    #   df.mean.collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (1, 2)
+    #   # ┌─────┬──────┐
+    #   # │ a   ┆ b    │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ ---  │
+    #   # │ f64 ┆ f64  │
+    #   # ╞═════╪══════╡
+    #   # │ 2.5 ┆ 1.25 │
+    #   # └─────┴──────┘
+    def mean
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.mean)
+    end
+
+    # Aggregate the columns in the DataFrame to their median value.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new({"a" => [1, 2, 3, 4], "b" => [1, 2, 1, 1]}).lazy
+    #   df.median.collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (1, 2)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ a   ┆ b   │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ f64 ┆ f64 │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ 2.5 ┆ 1.0 │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┘
+    def median
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.median)
+    end
+
+    # Aggregate the columns in the DataFrame to their quantile value.
+    #
+    # @param quantile [Float]
+    #   Quantile between 0.0 and 1.0.
+    # @param interpolation ["nearest", "higher", "lower", "midpoint", "linear"]
+    #   Interpolation method.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new({"a" => [1, 2, 3, 4], "b" => [1, 2, 1, 1]}).lazy
+    #   df.quantile(0.7).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (1, 2)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ a   ┆ b   │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ f64 ┆ f64 │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ 3.0 ┆ 1.0 │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┘
+    def quantile(quantile, interpolation: "nearest")
+      quantile = Utils.expr_to_lit_or_expr(quantile, str_to_lit: false)
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.quantile(quantile._rbexpr, interpolation))
+    end
+
+    # Explode lists to long format.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "letters" => ["a", "a", "b", "c"],
+    #       "numbers" => [[1], [2, 3], [4, 5], [6, 7, 8]],
+    #     }
+    #   ).lazy
+    #   df.explode("numbers").collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (8, 2)
+    #   # ┌─────────┬─────────┐
+    #   # │ letters ┆ numbers │
+    #   # │ ---     ┆ ---     │
+    #   # │ str     ┆ i64     │
+    #   # ╞═════════╪═════════╡
+    #   # │ a       ┆ 1       │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ a       ┆ 2       │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ a       ┆ 3       │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ b       ┆ 4       │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ b       ┆ 5       │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ c       ┆ 6       │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ c       ┆ 7       │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ c       ┆ 8       │
+    #   # └─────────┴─────────┘
+    def explode(columns)
+      columns = Utils.selection_to_rbexpr_list(columns)
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.explode(columns))
+    end
+
+    # Drop duplicate rows from this DataFrame.
+    #
+    # Note that this fails if there is a column of type `List` in the DataFrame or
+    # subset.
+    #
+    # @param maintain_order [Boolean]
+    #   Keep the same order as the original DataFrame. This requires more work to
+    #   compute.
+    # @param subset [Object]
+    #   Subset to use to compare rows.
+    # @param keep ["first", "last"]
+    #   Which of the duplicate rows to keep.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    def unique(maintain_order: true, subset: nil, keep: "first")
+      if !subset.nil? && !subset.is_a?(Array)
+        subset = [subset]
+      end
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.unique(maintain_order, subset, keep))
+    end
+
+    # Drop rows with null values from this LazyFrame.
+    #
+    # @param subset [Object]
+    #   Subset of column(s) on which `drop_nulls` will be applied.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "foo" => [1, 2, 3],
+    #       "bar" => [6, nil, 8],
+    #       "ham" => ["a", "b", "c"]
+    #     }
+    #   )
+    #   df.lazy.drop_nulls.collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (2, 3)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ foo ┆ bar ┆ ham │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ i64 ┆ i64 ┆ str │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ 1   ┆ 6   ┆ a   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 3   ┆ 8   ┆ c   │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┴─────┘
+    def drop_nulls(subset: nil)
+      if !subset.nil? && !subset.is_a?(Array)
+        subset = [subset]
+      end
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.drop_nulls(subset))
+    end
+
+    # Unpivot a DataFrame from wide to long format.
+    #
+    # Optionally leaves identifiers set.
+    #
+    # This function is useful to massage a DataFrame into a format where one or more
+    # columns are identifier variables (id_vars), while all other columns, considered
+    # measured variables (value_vars), are "unpivoted" to the row axis, leaving just
+    # two non-identifier columns, 'variable' and 'value'.
+    #
+    # @param id_vars [Object]
+    #   Columns to use as identifier variables.
+    # @param value_vars [Object]
+    #   Values to use as identifier variables.
+    #   If `value_vars` is empty all columns that are not in `id_vars` will be used.
+    # @param variable_name [String]
+    #   Name to give to the `value` column. Defaults to "variable"
+    # @param value_name [String]
+    #   Name to give to the `value` column. Defaults to "value"
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "a" => ["x", "y", "z"],
+    #       "b" => [1, 3, 5],
+    #       "c" => [2, 4, 6]
+    #     }
+    #   ).lazy
+    #   df.melt(id_vars: "a", value_vars: ["b", "c"]).collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (6, 3)
+    #   # ┌─────┬──────────┬───────┐
+    #   # │ a   ┆ variable ┆ value │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ ---      ┆ ---   │
+    #   # │ str ┆ str      ┆ i64   │
+    #   # ╞═════╪══════════╪═══════╡
+    #   # │ x   ┆ b        ┆ 1     │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ y   ┆ b        ┆ 3     │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ z   ┆ b        ┆ 5     │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ x   ┆ c        ┆ 2     │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ y   ┆ c        ┆ 4     │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ z   ┆ c        ┆ 6     │
+    #   # └─────┴──────────┴───────┘
+    def melt(id_vars: nil, value_vars: nil, variable_name: nil, value_name: nil)
+      if value_vars.is_a?(String)
+        value_vars = [value_vars]
+      end
+      if id_vars.is_a?(String)
+        id_vars = [id_vars]
+      end
+      if value_vars.nil?
+        value_vars = []
+      end
+      if id_vars.nil?
+        id_vars = []
+      end
+      _from_rbldf(
+        _ldf.melt(id_vars, value_vars, value_name, variable_name)
+      )
+    end
+
+    # def map
+    # end
+
+    # Interpolate intermediate values. The interpolation method is linear.
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #     {
+    #       "foo" => [1, nil, 9, 10],
+    #       "bar" => [6, 7, 9, nil],
+    #       "baz" => [1, nil, nil, 9]
+    #     }
+    #   ).lazy
+    #   df.interpolate.collect
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (4, 3)
+    #   # ┌─────┬──────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ foo ┆ bar  ┆ baz │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ ---  ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ i64 ┆ i64  ┆ i64 │
+    #   # ╞═════╪══════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ 1   ┆ 6    ┆ 1   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 5   ┆ 7    ┆ 3   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 9   ┆ 9    ┆ 6   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 10  ┆ null ┆ 9   │
+    #   # └─────┴──────┴─────┘
+    def interpolate
+      select(Utils.col("*").interpolate)
+    end
+
+    # Decompose a struct into its fields.
+    #
+    # The fields will be inserted into the `DataFrame` on the location of the
+    # `struct` type.
+    #
+    # @param names [Object]
+    #   Names of the struct columns that will be decomposed by its fields
+    #
+    # @return [LazyFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df = (
+    #     Polars::DataFrame.new(
+    #       {
+    #         "before" => ["foo", "bar"],
+    #         "t_a" => [1, 2],
+    #         "t_b" => ["a", "b"],
+    #         "t_c" => [true, nil],
+    #         "t_d" => [[1, 2], [3]],
+    #         "after" => ["baz", "womp"]
+    #       }
+    #     )
+    #     .lazy
+    #     .select(
+    #       ["before", Polars.struct(Polars.col("^t_.$")).alias("t_struct"), "after"]
+    #     )
+    #   )
+    #   df.fetch
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (2, 3)
+    #   # ┌────────┬─────────────────────┬───────┐
+    #   # │ before ┆ t_struct            ┆ after │
+    #   # │ ---    ┆ ---                 ┆ ---   │
+    #   # │ str    ┆ struct[4]           ┆ str   │
+    #   # ╞════════╪═════════════════════╪═══════╡
+    #   # │ foo    ┆ {1,"a",true,[1, 2]} ┆ baz   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ bar    ┆ {2,"b",null,[3]}    ┆ womp  │
+    #   # └────────┴─────────────────────┴───────┘
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   df.unnest("t_struct").fetch
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (2, 6)
+    #   # ┌────────┬─────┬─────┬──────┬───────────┬───────┐
+    #   # │ before ┆ t_a ┆ t_b ┆ t_c  ┆ t_d       ┆ after │
+    #   # │ ---    ┆ --- ┆ --- ┆ ---  ┆ ---       ┆ ---   │
+    #   # │ str    ┆ i64 ┆ str ┆ bool ┆ list[i64] ┆ str   │
+    #   # ╞════════╪═════╪═════╪══════╪═══════════╪═══════╡
+    #   # │ foo    ┆ 1   ┆ a   ┆ true ┆ [1, 2]    ┆ baz   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ bar    ┆ 2   ┆ b   ┆ null ┆ [3]       ┆ womp  │
+    #   # └────────┴─────┴─────┴──────┴───────────┴───────┘
+    def unnest(names)
+      if names.is_a?(String)
+        names = [names]
+      end
+      _from_rbldf(_ldf.unnest(names))
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def initialize_copy(other)
+      super
+      self._ldf = _ldf._clone
+    end
+
+    def _from_rbldf(rb_ldf)
+      self.class._from_rbldf(rb_ldf)
+    end
+  end
+end