pedicab 0.1.5 → 0.1.7

data/books/Steve_Hassan-The_Bite_Model.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+# The BITE model: High Control Groups
+  - The BITE model was eveloped by Steven Hassan, a mental health counselor and former cult member, 
+  - The BITE Model is a framework for understanding how high control groups and relationships manipulate individuals. 
+  - The acronym BITE stands for Behavior Control, Information Control, Thought Control, and Emotional Control.
+## These four components work synergistically to create a system of control:
+  1. The components reinforce each other - behavior control makes information control easier, which facilitates thought control, which enables emotional control.
+  2. The model creates dependency - members become unable to function independently as their autonomy is systematically removed.
+  3. The system is self-perpetuating - members police themselves and each other, reducing the need for direct intervention by leadership.
+  4. It creates a closed system - the combination of all four makes it extremely difficult for members to recognize manipulation or consider leaving.
+## The BITE Model can be applied to:
+  - Religious cults and extremist groups
+  - Political organizations and movements
+  - Commercial groups and multi-level marketing
+  - Therapy cults and self-help groups
+  - Abusive relationships (domestic violence, trafficking)
+  - Totalitarian regimes
+  - Online communities and conspiracy movements
+## Summary
+  - The BITE Model is a spectrum - not all groups exhibit all elements equally
+  - More elements present = higher level of control
+  - The model helps identify manipulation, not judge beliefs
+  - Legitimate organizations may have some elements without being harmful
+  - The key is the totality, intensity, and intent of the control mechanisms
+  - Recovery from high control requires understanding these mechanisms
+
+# Behavior control involves regulating an individual's physical reality and actions:
+1. Regulation of individual's physical reality
+  - Where, how, and with whom the member lives and associates
+  - What clothes, colors, hairstyles the person wears
+  - What food the person eats, drinks, adopts, and rejects
+  - How much sleep the person is able to have
+  - Financial exploitation, manipulation or dependence
+  - Restrictions on leisure, entertainment, vacation time
+2. Major time spent with group indoctrination and rituals
+  - Excessive meetings, studying group materials
+  - Little time for reflection or independent thinking
+3. Need to ask permission for major decisions
+  - Marriage, education, career, housing decisions
+  - Medical treatment or procedures
+4. Rewards and punishments used to modify behaviors
+  - Positive and negative reinforcement techniques
+  - Shunning, isolation, or public humiliation for non-compliance
+  - Privileges granted or removed based on obedience
+5. Individualism discouraged; group-think prevails
+  - Conformity and uniformity enforced
+  - Personal boundaries violated
+6. Rigid rules and regulations
+  - Detailed rules about everyday activities
+  - Strict hierarchy and authority structure
+
+# Information control restricts access to information and creates an information bubble:
+1. Deception and withholding information
+  - Distorted information or outright lies
+  - Information withheld or kept secret from members
+  - Different levels of doctrine (insider vs. outsider)
+2. Minimizing or discouraging access to non-cult sources
+  - Books, articles, newspapers, magazines, TV, internet restricted
+  - Critical information hidden or denied
+  - Former members and critics demonized
+3. Compartmentalization of information
+  - Information given on a "need-to-know" basis
+  - Information accessible only to inner circle
+4. Spying on other members encouraged
+  - Reporting deviant thoughts, feelings, behaviors to leadership
+  - Creating atmosphere of surveillance and distrust
+5. Extensive use of cult-generated information
+  - Newsletters, magazines, journals, audio/video materials
+  - Continuous indoctrination through meetings and materials
+6. Unethical use of confession
+  - Information extracted during confession used for control
+  - Past sins or mistakes held over members
+7. Control over social media and communication
+  - Monitoring emails, texts, and online activity
+  - Limiting contact with outside world
+
+# Thought control involves manipulating how members think and process information:
+1. Require members to internalize the group's doctrine as truth
+  - Black and white thinking (good vs. evil, us vs. them)
+  - Group doctrine viewed as ultimate truth
+  - No legitimate alternatives to the group
+2. Adopt group's "map of reality"
+  - Special language and jargon that constricts thinking
+  - Loaded language and clichés that stop critical thinking
+  - Thought-terminating clichés ("New light," "God's will," "Trust the process")
+3. Only "good" and "proper" thoughts encouraged
+  - Alternative belief systems viewed as illegitimate or evil
+  - Questioning or critical thinking discouraged
+  - Doubts are signs of weakness, lack of faith, or evil influence
+4. Thought-stopping techniques used to short-circuit critical thinking
+  - Meditation, chanting, speaking in tongues, singing, humming
+  - Denunciation sessions or self-criticism
+  - Complex doctrines requiring total concentration
+5. No critical questions about leader, doctrine, or policy allowed
+  - Questioning equals disloyalty or rebellion
+  - Members trained to reject any criticism
+6. Alternative belief systems viewed as illegitimate or satanic
+  - Former members portrayed as deceived or evil
+  - Outsiders characterized as misguided or dangerous
+
+# Emotional control manipulates emotions to prevent members from leaving:
+1. Manipulate and narrow the range of feelings
+  - Some emotions deemed illegitimate, evil, or wrong
+  - Guilt and fear used to control members
+2. Teach emotion-stopping techniques
+  - Techniques to suppress negative emotions
+  - Forced happiness or enthusiasm
+3. Make person feel guilty for not living up to the group's standards
+  - Identity guilt (who you are, not what you've done)
+  - Social guilt (family, friends outside the group)
+  - Historical guilt (errors made before joining)
+4. Instill fear of:
+  - Thinking independently
+  - The outside world
+  - Enemies (real or imagined)
+  - Losing one's salvation or spiritual standing
+  - Leaving or being shunned by the group
+  - Disapproval from leadership
+  - Supernatural consequences
+5. Extremes of emotional highs and lows
+  - Love bombing and excessive praise
+  - Followed by criticism and emotional withdrawal
+  - Creates dependency on group for emotional stability
+6. Ritualistic and sometimes public confession of sins
+  - Used to create vulnerability and dependence
+  - Removes healthy boundaries
+7. Phobia indoctrination
+  - Inculcate irrational fears about leaving the group
+  - Teach that terrible consequences will follow if one leaves
+  - No happiness or fulfillment outside the group
+  - Shunning of those who leave

data/books/Steve_Hassan-The_Bite_Model.txt~

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+The BITE model was eveloped by Steven Hassan, a mental health counselor and former cult member, 
+the BITE Model is a framework for understanding how high control groups and relationships manipulate individuals. 
+The acronym BITE stands for Behavior Control, Information Control, Thought Control, and Emotional Control.
+
+# Behavior control involves regulating an individual's physical reality and actions:
+## Regulation of individual's physical reality
+  - Where, how, and with whom the member lives and associates
+  - What clothes, colors, hairstyles the person wears
+  - What food the person eats, drinks, adopts, and rejects
+  - How much sleep the person is able to have
+  - Financial exploitation, manipulation or dependence
+  - Restrictions on leisure, entertainment, vacation time
+## Major time spent with group indoctrination and rituals
+  - Excessive meetings, studying group materials
+  - Little time for reflection or independent thinking
+## Need to ask permission for major decisions
+  - Marriage, education, career, housing decisions
+  - Medical treatment or procedures
+## Rewards and punishments used to modify behaviors
+  - Positive and negative reinforcement techniques
+  - Shunning, isolation, or public humiliation for non-compliance
+  - Privileges granted or removed based on obedience
+## Individualism discouraged; group-think prevails
+  - Conformity and uniformity enforced
+  - Personal boundaries violated
+## Rigid rules and regulations
+  - Detailed rules about everyday activities
+  - Strict hierarchy and authority structure
+
+# Information control restricts access to information and creates an information bubble:
+## Deception and withholding information
+  - Distorted information or outright lies
+  - Information withheld or kept secret from members
+  - Different levels of doctrine (insider vs. outsider)
+## Minimizing or discouraging access to non-cult sources
+  - Books, articles, newspapers, magazines, TV, internet restricted
+  - Critical information hidden or denied
+  - Former members and critics demonized
+## Compartmentalization of information
+  - Information given on a "need-to-know" basis
+  - Information accessible only to inner circle
+## Spying on other members encouraged
+  - Reporting deviant thoughts, feelings, behaviors to leadership
+  - Creating atmosphere of surveillance and distrust
+## Extensive use of cult-generated information
+  - Newsletters, magazines, journals, audio/video materials
+  - Continuous indoctrination through meetings and materials
+## Unethical use of confession
+  - Information extracted during confession used for control
+  - Past sins or mistakes held over members
+## Control over social media and communication
+  - Monitoring emails, texts, and online activity
+  - Limiting contact with outside world
+
+# Thought control involves manipulating how members think and process information:
+## Require members to internalize the group's doctrine as truth
+  - Black and white thinking (good vs. evil, us vs. them)
+  - Group doctrine viewed as ultimate truth
+  - No legitimate alternatives to the group
+## Adopt group's "map of reality"
+  - Special language and jargon that constricts thinking
+  - Loaded language and clichés that stop critical thinking
+  - Thought-terminating clichés ("New light," "God's will," "Trust the process")
+## Only "good" and "proper" thoughts encouraged
+  - Alternative belief systems viewed as illegitimate or evil
+  - Questioning or critical thinking discouraged
+  - Doubts are signs of weakness, lack of faith, or evil influence
+## Thought-stopping techniques used to short-circuit critical thinking
+  - Meditation, chanting, speaking in tongues, singing, humming
+  - Denunciation sessions or self-criticism
+  - Complex doctrines requiring total concentration
+## No critical questions about leader, doctrine, or policy allowed
+  - Questioning equals disloyalty or rebellion
+  - Members trained to reject any criticism
+## Alternative belief systems viewed as illegitimate or satanic
+  - Former members portrayed as deceived or evil
+  - Outsiders characterized as misguided or dangerous
+
+# Emotional control manipulates emotions to prevent members from leaving:
+## Manipulate and narrow the range of feelings
+  - Some emotions deemed illegitimate, evil, or wrong
+  - Guilt and fear used to control members
+## Teach emotion-stopping techniques
+  - Techniques to suppress negative emotions
+  - Forced happiness or enthusiasm
+## Make person feel guilty for not living up to the group's standards
+  - Identity guilt (who you are, not what you've done)
+  - Social guilt (family, friends outside the group)
+  - Historical guilt (errors made before joining)
+## Instill fear of:
+  - Thinking independently
+  - The outside world
+  - Enemies (real or imagined)
+  - Losing one's salvation or spiritual standing
+  - Leaving or being shunned by the group
+  - Disapproval from leadership
+  - Supernatural consequences
+## Extremes of emotional highs and lows
+  - Love bombing and excessive praise
+  - Followed by criticism and emotional withdrawal
+  - Creates dependency on group for emotional stability
+## Ritualistic and sometimes public confession of sins
+  - Used to create vulnerability and dependence
+  - Removes healthy boundaries
+## Phobia indoctrination
+  - Inculcate irrational fears about leaving the group
+  - Teach that terrible consequences will follow if one leaves
+  - No happiness or fulfillment outside the group
+  - Shunning of those who leave
+
+# These four components work synergistically to create a system of control:
+  1. The components reinforce each other - behavior control makes information control easier, which facilitates thought control, which enables emotional control.
+  2. The model creates dependency - members become unable to function independently as their autonomy is systematically removed.
+  3. The system is self-perpetuating - members police themselves and each other, reducing the need for direct intervention by leadership.
+  4. It creates a closed system - the combination of all four makes it extremely difficult for members to recognize manipulation or consider leaving.
+
+# The BITE Model can be applied to:
+  - Religious cults and extremist groups
+  - Political organizations and movements
+  - Commercial groups and multi-level marketing
+  - Therapy cults and self-help groups
+  - Abusive relationships (domestic violence, trafficking)
+  - Totalitarian regimes
+  - Online communities and conspiracy movements
+
+# Summary
+  - The BITE Model is a spectrum - not all groups exhibit all elements equally
+  - More elements present = higher level of control
+  - The model helps identify manipulation, not judge beliefs
+  - Legitimate organizations may have some elements without being harmful
+  - The key is the totality, intensity, and intent of the control mechanisms
+  - Recovery from high control requires understanding these mechanisms

data/books/Sun_Tzu-Art_of_War.txt

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+# THE ART OF WAR BY SUN TZU
+  - Winning without fighting is supreme
+  - Know yourself and your enemy
+  - Deception and adaptability are crucial
+  - Speed and surprise are advantageous
+  - Minimize cost in lives and resources
+  - Intelligence gathering is essential
+  - General must possess wisdom, courage, and discipline
+  - Treat soldiers well to ensure loyalty
+  - Consider all factors: terrain, weather, morale, supply
+
+1. LAYING PLANS
+   - Warfare is a matter of vital importance to the state
+   - Five fundamental factors for analysis:
+     * The Moral Law (unity between ruler and people)
+     * Heaven (seasons, weather, time)
+     * Earth (terrain, distances)
+     * The Commander (virtues: wisdom, sincerity, benevolence, courage, strictness)
+     * Method and discipline (organization, logistics, supply)
+   - Seven considerations for determining victory
+   - All warfare is based on deception
+   - Attack when enemy is unprepared; appear where unexpected
+
+2. WAGING WAR
+   - War is expensive and drains resources
+   - Prolonged warfare exhausts the state
+   - Skilled generals achieve victory quickly
+   - Use enemy's provisions when possible
+   - Reward troops with captured goods
+   - Victory, not prolonged campaigns, is the goal
+
+3. ATTACK BY STRATAGEM
+   - Supreme excellence: win without fighting
+   - Hierarchy of victory:
+     * Highest: thwart enemy's plans
+     * Next: prevent alliance of enemy forces
+     * Next: attack enemy's army
+     * Lowest: besiege fortified cities
+   - If you know the enemy and yourself, you need not fear 100 battles
+   - If you know yourself but not the enemy, win some, lose some
+   - If you know neither, you will be defeated in every battle
+   - Five ways to know when victory is possible
+
+4. TACTICAL DISPOSITIONS
+   - The good fighter first makes himself invincible, then awaits enemy's vulnerability
+   - Defense: when strength is inadequate
+   - Attack: when strength is abundant
+   - Skilled warriors position themselves beyond defeat
+   - Victory comes from proper preparation and positioning
+   - Measure, estimate, calculate, compare, and then victory
+
+5. ENERGY
+   - Control of large forces is the same as control of small forces
+   - Fighting with large armies is the same as fighting with small ones
+   - Direct and indirect methods in combination
+   - Timing and momentum (shi) are crucial
+   - Energy of troops should be like drawn crossbow
+   - Use the orthodox to engage; use the extraordinary to win
+   - Appear weak when strong, strong when weak
+
+6. WEAK POINTS AND STRONG
+   - Arrive first at the battlefield and await the enemy at ease
+   - Force the enemy to reveal himself while concealing your own position
+   - Attack where enemy is unprepared
+   - Be formless: when without form, enemy cannot discover you
+   - Water shapes its course according to ground; army shapes victory according to enemy
+   - Adapt tactics to circumstances
+
+7. MANEUVERING
+   - Difficulty of maneuvering: make the circuitous route direct
+   - Delay the enemy while you advance
+   - Know the plans of neighboring states
+   - Use guides who know the territory
+   - Do not pursue feigned retreats too far
+   - Do not attack well-rested troops
+   - Types of ground and how to use them
+
+8. VARIATION IN TACTICS
+   - Adapt tactics to different situations
+   - Five dangerous faults in a general:
+     * Recklessness (leads to destruction)
+     * Cowardice (leads to capture)
+     * Quick temper (can be provoked)
+     * Delicacy of honor (sensitive to shame)
+     * Over-solicitude for troops (leads to worry and trouble)
+   - Consider both advantages and disadvantages in all plans
+   - Reduce calamities by considering disadvantages
+
+9. THE ARMY ON THE MARCH
+   - Positioning army in different terrains (mountains, rivers, marshes, plains)
+   - Signs that reveal enemy's condition:
+     * Dust clouds indicate movement
+     * Birds rising indicate ambush
+     * Animals frightened indicate advance
+     * Various behaviors of enemy troops
+   - Treat soldiers as beloved children
+   - Do not advance relying solely on military strength
+   - Discipline and organization are essential
+
+10. TERRAIN
+   - Six types of terrain:
+     * Accessible ground
+     * Entangling ground
+     * Temporizing ground
+     * Narrow passes
+     * Precipitous heights
+     * Positions at great distance
+   - Six calamities (not from natural causes but from faults of general):
+     * Flight
+     * Insubordination
+     * Collapse
+     * Ruin
+     * Disorganization
+     * Rout
+   - Know your enemy and yourself
+   - Know the terrain
+   - The general is servant of the sovereign and protector of the people
+
+11. THE NINE SITUATIONS
+   - Nine varieties of ground:
+     * Dispersive ground (home territory)
+     * Facile ground (shallow penetration)
+     * Contentious ground (advantageous to both)
+     * Open ground (accessible to both)
+     * Focal ground (intersection of highways)
+     * Serious ground (deep in enemy territory)
+     * Difficult ground (mountains, forests, defiles)
+     * Hemmed-in ground (narrow entry, circuitous exit)
+     * Desperate ground (survival only through fighting)
+   - Appropriate tactics for each type of ground
+   - Unity of purpose makes troops fight as one
+   - Skilled general's tactics: swift as wind, deliberate as forest, fierce as fire, still as mountain
+
+12. THE ATTACK BY FIRE
+   - Five ways of attacking with fire:
+     * Burn soldiers in camp
+     * Burn provisions
+     * Burn baggage trains
+     * Burn arsenals
+     * Burn supply routes
+   - Weather and seasonal conditions for using fire
+   - Use fire to support attack, not as end in itself
+   - Move only when there is advantage
+   - Anger may turn to joy, annoyance to contentment
+   - A destroyed nation cannot be restored; the dead cannot be brought back to life
+   - Enlightened ruler is cautious; good general is prudent
+
+13. THE USE OF SPIES
+   - Intelligence gathering is essential
+   - Five classes of spies:
+     * Local spies (inhabitants of enemy's country)
+     * Inward spies (enemy officials)
+     * Converted spies (enemy spies turned to our side)
+     * Doomed spies (given false information to transmit)
+     * Surviving spies (return with information)
+   - Spies must be treated with utmost reward and secrecy
+   - Knowledge of enemy's dispositions can only come from other men
+   - Divine manipulation of threads: success in war depends on intelligence
+   - End with emphasis on importance of spies to all military operations

data/books/Sun_Tzu-Art_of_War.txt~

@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+THE ART OF WAR BY SUN TZU
+Outline of the Thirteen Chapters
+
+================================================================================
+
+CHAPTER 1: LAYING PLANS
+- Warfare is a matter of vital importance to the state
+- Five fundamental factors for analysis:
+  * The Moral Law (unity between ruler and people)
+  * Heaven (seasons, weather, time)
+  * Earth (terrain, distances)
+  * The Commander (virtues: wisdom, sincerity, benevolence, courage, strictness)
+  * Method and discipline (organization, logistics, supply)
+- Seven considerations for determining victory
+- All warfare is based on deception
+- Attack when enemy is unprepared; appear where unexpected
+
+CHAPTER 2: WAGING WAR
+- War is expensive and drains resources
+- Prolonged warfare exhausts the state
+- Skilled generals achieve victory quickly
+- Use enemy's provisions when possible
+- Reward troops with captured goods
+- Victory, not prolonged campaigns, is the goal
+
+CHAPTER 3: ATTACK BY STRATAGEM
+- Supreme excellence: win without fighting
+- Hierarchy of victory:
+  * Highest: thwart enemy's plans
+  * Next: prevent alliance of enemy forces
+  * Next: attack enemy's army
+  * Lowest: besiege fortified cities
+- If you know the enemy and yourself, you need not fear 100 battles
+- If you know yourself but not the enemy, win some, lose some
+- If you know neither, you will be defeated in every battle
+- Five ways to know when victory is possible
+
+CHAPTER 4: TACTICAL DISPOSITIONS
+- The good fighter first makes himself invincible, then awaits enemy's vulnerability
+- Defense: when strength is inadequate
+- Attack: when strength is abundant
+- Skilled warriors position themselves beyond defeat
+- Victory comes from proper preparation and positioning
+- Measure, estimate, calculate, compare, and then victory
+
+CHAPTER 5: ENERGY
+- Control of large forces is the same as control of small forces
+- Fighting with large armies is the same as fighting with small ones
+- Direct and indirect methods in combination
+- Timing and momentum (shi) are crucial
+- Energy of troops should be like drawn crossbow
+- Use the orthodox to engage; use the extraordinary to win
+- Appear weak when strong, strong when weak
+
+CHAPTER 6: WEAK POINTS AND STRONG
+- Arrive first at the battlefield and await the enemy at ease
+- Force the enemy to reveal himself while concealing your own position
+- Attack where enemy is unprepared
+- Be formless: when without form, enemy cannot discover you
+- Water shapes its course according to ground; army shapes victory according to enemy
+- Adapt tactics to circumstances
+
+CHAPTER 7: MANEUVERING
+- Difficulty of maneuvering: make the circuitous route direct
+- Delay the enemy while you advance
+- Know the plans of neighboring states
+- Use guides who know the territory
+- Do not pursue feigned retreats too far
+- Do not attack well-rested troops
+- Types of ground and how to use them
+
+CHAPTER 8: VARIATION IN TACTICS
+- Adapt tactics to different situations
+- Five dangerous faults in a general:
+  * Recklessness (leads to destruction)
+  * Cowardice (leads to capture)
+  * Quick temper (can be provoked)
+  * Delicacy of honor (sensitive to shame)
+  * Over-solicitude for troops (leads to worry and trouble)
+- Consider both advantages and disadvantages in all plans
+- Reduce calamities by considering disadvantages
+
+CHAPTER 9: THE ARMY ON THE MARCH
+- Positioning army in different terrains (mountains, rivers, marshes, plains)
+- Signs that reveal enemy's condition:
+  * Dust clouds indicate movement
+  * Birds rising indicate ambush
+  * Animals frightened indicate advance
+  * Various behaviors of enemy troops
+- Treat soldiers as beloved children
+- Do not advance relying solely on military strength
+- Discipline and organization are essential
+
+CHAPTER 10: TERRAIN
+- Six types of terrain:
+  * Accessible ground
+  * Entangling ground
+  * Temporizing ground
+  * Narrow passes
+  * Precipitous heights
+  * Positions at great distance
+- Six calamities (not from natural causes but from faults of general):
+  * Flight
+  * Insubordination
+  * Collapse
+  * Ruin
+  * Disorganization
+  * Rout
+- Know your enemy and yourself
+- Know the terrain
+- The general is servant of the sovereign and protector of the people
+
+CHAPTER 11: THE NINE SITUATIONS
+- Nine varieties of ground:
+  * Dispersive ground (home territory)
+  * Facile ground (shallow penetration)
+  * Contentious ground (advantageous to both)
+  * Open ground (accessible to both)
+  * Focal ground (intersection of highways)
+  * Serious ground (deep in enemy territory)
+  * Difficult ground (mountains, forests, defiles)
+  * Hemmed-in ground (narrow entry, circuitous exit)
+  * Desperate ground (survival only through fighting)
+- Appropriate tactics for each type of ground
+- Unity of purpose makes troops fight as one
+- Skilled general's tactics: swift as wind, deliberate as forest, fierce as fire, still as mountain
+
+CHAPTER 12: THE ATTACK BY FIRE
+- Five ways of attacking with fire:
+  * Burn soldiers in camp
+  * Burn provisions
+  * Burn baggage trains
+  * Burn arsenals
+  * Burn supply routes
+- Weather and seasonal conditions for using fire
+- Use fire to support attack, not as end in itself
+- Move only when there is advantage
+- Anger may turn to joy, annoyance to contentment
+- A destroyed nation cannot be restored; the dead cannot be brought back to life
+- Enlightened ruler is cautious; good general is prudent
+
+CHAPTER 13: THE USE OF SPIES
+- Intelligence gathering is essential
+- Five classes of spies:
+  * Local spies (inhabitants of enemy's country)
+  * Inward spies (enemy officials)
+  * Converted spies (enemy spies turned to our side)
+  * Doomed spies (given false information to transmit)
+  * Surviving spies (return with information)
+- Spies must be treated with utmost reward and secrecy
+- Knowledge of enemy's dispositions can only come from other men
+- Divine manipulation of threads: success in war depends on intelligence
+- End with emphasis on importance of spies to all military operations
+
+================================================================================
+
+KEY THEMES THROUGHOUT THE TEXT:
+- Winning without fighting is supreme
+- Know yourself and your enemy
+- Deception and adaptability are crucial
+- Speed and surprise are advantageous
+- Minimize cost in lives and resources
+- Intelligence gathering is essential
+- General must possess wisdom, courage, and discipline
+- Treat soldiers well to ensure loyalty
+- Consider all factors: terrain, weather, morale, supply