opengl 0.8.0 → 0.9.0

data/examples/NeHe/nehe_lesson07.rb

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
 require 'opengl'
-require 'png'
-require 'png/reader'
+require 'glu'
+require 'glut'
+require 'chunky_png'
 
 class Lesson07
   include Gl
@@ -186,7 +189,7 @@ class Lesson07
       @filter %= 3
 
       puts "texture #{@filter}"
-    when 'F' then 
+    when 'F' then
       @fullscreen = !@fullscreen
 
       if @fullscreen then
@@ -208,11 +211,12 @@ class Lesson07
   end
 
   def load_texture
-    png = PNG.load_file File.expand_path('../crate.png', __FILE__)
+    png = ChunkyPNG::Image.from_file(File.expand_path('../crate.png', __FILE__))
+
     height = png.height
     width = png.width
 
-    image = png.data.flatten.map { |c| c.values }.join
+    image = png.to_rgba_stream
 
     @textures = glGenTextures 3
     glBindTexture GL_TEXTURE_2D, @textures[0]
@@ -234,4 +238,3 @@ class Lesson07
 end
 
 Lesson07.new
-

data/examples/NeHe/nehe_lesson08.rb

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
 require 'opengl'
-require 'png'
-require 'png/reader'
+require 'glu'
+require 'glut'
+require 'chunky_png'
 
 class Lesson08
   include Gl
@@ -189,7 +192,7 @@ class Lesson08
       @filter %= 3
 
       puts "texture #{@filter}"
-    when 'F' then 
+    when 'F' then
       @fullscreen = !@fullscreen
 
       if @fullscreen then
@@ -223,11 +226,12 @@ class Lesson08
   end
 
   def load_texture
-    png = PNG.load_file File.expand_path('../glass.png', __FILE__)
+    png = ChunkyPNG::Image.from_file(File.expand_path('../glass.png', __FILE__))
+
     height = png.height
     width = png.width
 
-    image = png.data.flatten.map { |c| c.values }.join
+    image = png.to_rgba_stream
 
     @textures = glGenTextures 3
     glBindTexture GL_TEXTURE_2D, @textures[0]
@@ -249,4 +253,3 @@ class Lesson08
 end
 
 Lesson08.new
-

data/examples/NeHe/nehe_lesson09.rb

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
 require 'opengl'
-require 'png'
-require 'png/reader'
+require 'glu'
+require 'glut'
+require 'chunky_png'
 
 class Lesson09
   include Gl
@@ -141,7 +144,7 @@ class Lesson09
     when ?\e then
       glutDestroyWindow @window
       exit 0
-    when 'F' then 
+    when 'F' then
       @fullscreen = !@fullscreen
 
       if @fullscreen then
@@ -170,11 +173,13 @@ class Lesson09
   end
 
   def load_texture
-    png = PNG.load_file File.expand_path('../star.png', __FILE__)
+
+    png = ChunkyPNG::Image.from_file(File.expand_path('../star.png', __FILE__))
+
     height = png.height
     width = png.width
 
-    image = png.data.flatten.map { |c| c.values }.join
+    image = png.to_rgba_stream
 
     @textures = glGenTextures 3
     glBindTexture GL_TEXTURE_2D, @textures[0]
@@ -196,4 +201,3 @@ class Lesson09
 end
 
 Lesson09.new
-

data/examples/NeHe/nehe_lesson11.rb

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
 require 'opengl'
-require 'png'
-require 'png/reader'
+require 'glu'
+require 'glut'
+require 'chunky_png'
 
 class Lesson11
   include Gl
@@ -140,7 +143,7 @@ class Lesson11
     when ?\e
       glutDestroyWindow @window
       exit 0
-    when 'F' then 
+    when 'F' then
       @fullscreen = !@fullscreen
 
       if @fullscreen then
@@ -154,11 +157,12 @@ class Lesson11
   end
 
   def load_texture
-    png = PNG.load_file File.expand_path('../tim.png', __FILE__)
+    png = ChunkyPNG::Image.from_file(File.expand_path('../tim.png', __FILE__))
+
     height = png.height
     width = png.width
 
-    image = png.data.flatten.map { |c| c.values }.join
+    image = png.to_rgba_stream.each_byte.to_a
 
     @textures = glGenTextures 1
     glBindTexture GL_TEXTURE_2D, @textures[0]
@@ -170,4 +174,3 @@ class Lesson11
 end
 
 Lesson11.new
-

data/examples/NeHe/nehe_lesson12.rb

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
 require 'opengl'
-require 'png'
-require 'png/reader'
+require 'glu'
+require 'glut'
+require 'chunky_png'
 
 class Lesson12
   include Gl
@@ -163,7 +166,7 @@ class Lesson12
     when ?\e
       glutDestroyWindow @window
       exit 0
-    when 'F' then 
+    when 'F' then
       @fullscreen = !@fullscreen
 
       if @fullscreen then
@@ -181,11 +184,12 @@ class Lesson12
   end
 
   def load_texture
-    png = PNG.load_file File.expand_path('../crate.png', __FILE__)
+    png = ChunkyPNG::Image.from_file(File.expand_path('../crate.png', __FILE__))
+
     height = png.height
     width = png.width
 
-    image = png.data.flatten.map { |c| c.values }.join
+    image = png.to_rgba_stream.each_byte.to_a
 
     @textures = glGenTextures 1
     glBindTexture GL_TEXTURE_2D, @textures[0]
@@ -197,4 +201,3 @@ class Lesson12
 end
 
 Lesson12.new
-

data/examples/NeHe/nehe_lesson16.rb

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
 require 'opengl'
-require 'png'
-require 'png/reader'
+require 'glu'
+require 'glut'
+require 'chunky_png'
 
 class Lesson16
   include Gl
@@ -16,9 +19,9 @@ class Lesson16
     @filter = 0
 
     @fog_mode = [
-      GL_EXP,
-      GL_EXP2,
-      GL_LINEAR
+        GL_EXP,
+        GL_EXP2,
+        GL_LINEAR
     ]
 
     @fog_filter = 0
@@ -64,7 +67,7 @@ class Lesson16
   end
 
   def reshape width, height
-    width   = width.to_f
+    width = width.to_f
     height = height.to_f
     height = 1.0 if height.zero?
 
@@ -94,63 +97,63 @@ class Lesson16
     glBegin GL_QUADS do
       # front face
       glTexCoord2f(0.0, 1.0)
-      glVertex3f(-1.0, -1.0,  1.0)
+      glVertex3f(-1.0, -1.0, 1.0)
       glTexCoord2f(1.0, 1.0)
-      glVertex3f( 1.0, -1.0,  1.0)
+      glVertex3f(1.0, -1.0, 1.0)
       glTexCoord2f(1.0, 0.0)
-      glVertex3f( 1.0,  1.0,  1.0)
+      glVertex3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
       glTexCoord2f(0.0, 0.0)
-      glVertex3f(-1.0,  1.0,  1.0)
+      glVertex3f(-1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
 
       # back face
       glTexCoord2f(0.0, 1.0)
       glVertex3f(-1.0, -1.0, -1.0)
       glTexCoord2f(1.0, 1.0)
-      glVertex3f(-1.0,  1.0, -1.0)
+      glVertex3f(-1.0, 1.0, -1.0)
       glTexCoord2f(1.0, 0.0)
-      glVertex3f( 1.0,  1.0, -1.0)
+      glVertex3f(1.0, 1.0, -1.0)
       glTexCoord2f(0.0, 0.0)
-      glVertex3f( 1.0, -1.0, -1.0)
+      glVertex3f(1.0, -1.0, -1.0)
 
       # top face
       glTexCoord2f(0.0, 1.0)
-      glVertex3f(-1.0,  1.0, -1.0)
+      glVertex3f(-1.0, 1.0, -1.0)
       glTexCoord2f(1.0, 1.0)
-      glVertex3f(-1.0,  1.0,  1.0)
+      glVertex3f(-1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
       glTexCoord2f(1.0, 0.0)
-      glVertex3f( 1.0,  1.0,  1.0)
+      glVertex3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
       glTexCoord2f(0.0, 0.0)
-      glVertex3f( 1.0,  1.0, -1.0)
+      glVertex3f(1.0, 1.0, -1.0)
 
       # bottom face
       glTexCoord2f(1.0, 1.0)
       glVertex3f(-1.0, -1.0, -1.0)
       glTexCoord2f(1.0, 0.0)
-      glVertex3f( 1.0, -1.0, -1.0)
+      glVertex3f(1.0, -1.0, -1.0)
       glTexCoord2f(0.0, 0.0)
-      glVertex3f( 1.0, -1.0,  1.0)
+      glVertex3f(1.0, -1.0, 1.0)
       glTexCoord2f(0.0, 1.0)
-      glVertex3f(-1.0, -1.0,  1.0)
+      glVertex3f(-1.0, -1.0, 1.0)
 
       # right face
       glTexCoord2f(1.0, 0.0)
-      glVertex3f( 1.0, -1.0, -1.0)
+      glVertex3f(1.0, -1.0, -1.0)
       glTexCoord2f(0.0, 0.0)
-      glVertex3f( 1.0,  1.0, -1.0)
+      glVertex3f(1.0, 1.0, -1.0)
       glTexCoord2f(0.0, 1.0)
-      glVertex3f( 1.0,  1.0,  1.0)
+      glVertex3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
       glTexCoord2f(1.0, 1.0)
-      glVertex3f( 1.0, -1.0,  1.0)
+      glVertex3f(1.0, -1.0, 1.0)
 
       # left face
       glTexCoord2f(0.0, 0.0)
       glVertex3f(-1.0, -1.0, -1.0)
       glTexCoord2f(0.0, 1.0)
-      glVertex3f(-1.0, -1.0,  1.0)
+      glVertex3f(-1.0, -1.0, 1.0)
       glTexCoord2f(1.0, 1.0)
-      glVertex3f(-1.0,  1.0,  1.0)
+      glVertex3f(-1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
       glTexCoord2f(1.0, 0.0)
-      glVertex3f(-1.0,  1.0, -1.0)
+      glVertex3f(-1.0, 1.0, -1.0)
     end
 
     @xrot += 0.03
@@ -166,34 +169,35 @@ class Lesson16
 
   def keyboard key, x, y
     case key
-    when ?\e
-      glutDestroyWindow @window
-      exit 0
-    when 'F' then 
-      @fullscreen = !@fullscreen
-
-      if @fullscreen then
-        glutFullScreen
-      else
-        glutPositionWindow 0, 0
-      end
-    when 'f' then
-      @fog_filter += 1
-      @fog_filter %= 3
-
-      glFogi GL_FOG_MODE, @fog_mode[@fog_filter]
-      puts "fog #{@fog_filter}"
+      when ?\e
+        glutDestroyWindow @window
+        exit 0
+      when 'F' then
+        @fullscreen = !@fullscreen
+
+        if @fullscreen then
+          glutFullScreen
+        else
+          glutPositionWindow 0, 0
+        end
+      when 'f' then
+        @fog_filter += 1
+        @fog_filter %= 3
+
+        glFogi GL_FOG_MODE, @fog_mode[@fog_filter]
+        puts "fog #{@fog_filter}"
     end
 
     glutPostRedisplay
   end
 
   def load_texture
-    png = PNG.load_file File.expand_path('../crate.png', __FILE__)
+    png = ChunkyPNG::Image.from_file(File.expand_path('../crate.png', __FILE__))
+
     height = png.height
     width = png.width
 
-    image = png.data.flatten.map { |c| c.values }.join
+    image = png.to_rgba_stream.each_byte.to_a
 
     @textures = glGenTextures 1
     glBindTexture GL_TEXTURE_2D, @textures[0]
@@ -205,4 +209,3 @@ class Lesson16
 end
 
 Lesson16.new
-

data/examples/NeHe/nehe_lesson19.rb

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
 require 'opengl'
-require 'png'
-require 'png/reader'
+require 'glu'
+require 'glut'
+require 'chunky_png'
 
 class Lesson19
   include Gl
@@ -110,7 +113,7 @@ class Lesson19
 
     @particles.each do |particle|
       next unless particle.active
-      
+
       x = particle.x
       y = particle.y
       z = particle.z + @zoom
@@ -167,7 +170,7 @@ class Lesson19
     when ?\e
       glutDestroyWindow @window
       exit 0
-    when 'F' then 
+    when 'F' then
       @fullscreen = !@fullscreen
 
       if @fullscreen then
@@ -187,11 +190,12 @@ class Lesson19
   end
 
   def load_texture
-    png = PNG.load_file File.expand_path('../particle.png', __FILE__)
+    png = ChunkyPNG::Image.from_file(File.expand_path('../particle.png', __FILE__))
+
     height = png.height
     width = png.width
 
-    image = png.data.flatten.map { |c| c.values }.join
+    image = png.to_rgba_stream.each_byte.to_a
 
     @textures = glGenTextures 1
     glBindTexture GL_TEXTURE_2D, @textures[0]
@@ -203,4 +207,3 @@ class Lesson19
 end
 
 Lesson19.new
-

data/examples/NeHe/nehe_lesson36.rb

@@ -1,290 +1,295 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
 # Nehe Lesson 36 Code
 # modified from immediate mode to use vertex arrays for helix drawing
 require 'opengl'
+require 'glu'
+require 'glut'
+
 include Gl,Glu,Glut
 include Math
 
 def emptyTexture
-	# Create Storage Space For Texture Data (128x128x4)
-	data = ([0]*4*128*128).pack("f*")
-	txtnumber = glGenTextures(1) # Create 1 Texture
-	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, txtnumber[0]) # Bind The Texture 
-	glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 4, 128, 128, 0,
-		GL_RGBA, GL_FLOAT, data) # Build Texture Using Information In data
-	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,GL_LINEAR)
-	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,GL_LINEAR)
-	return txtnumber[0] # Return The Texture ID
+  # Create Storage Space For Texture Data (128x128x4)
+  data = ([0]*4*128*128).pack("f*")
+  txtnumber = glGenTextures(1) # Create 1 Texture
+  glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, txtnumber[0]) # Bind The Texture
+  glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 4, 128, 128, 0,
+    GL_RGBA, GL_FLOAT, data) # Build Texture Using Information In data
+  glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,GL_LINEAR)
+  glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,GL_LINEAR)
+  return txtnumber[0] # Return The Texture ID
 end
 
 def init
-	global_ambient = [0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 1.0] # Set Ambient Lighting To Fairly Dark Light (No Color)
-	light0pos = [0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 1.0] # Set The Light Position
-	light0ambient = [0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 1.0] # More Ambient Light
-	light0diffuse = [0.3, 0.3, 0.3, 1.0] # Set The Diffuse Light A Bit Brighter
-	light0specular = [0.8, 0.8, 0.8, 1.0] # Fairly Bright Specular Lighting
-
-	lmodel_ambient = [0.2,0.2,0.2,1.0] # And More Ambient Light
-
-	$angle = 0.0 # Set Starting Angle To Zero 
-	
-	$lasttime = 0
-	
-	$blurTexture = emptyTexture() # Create Our Empty Texture
-
-	$helix_v,$helix_n = createHelix()
-	glVertexPointer(3,GL_FLOAT,0,$helix_v.flatten.pack("f*"))
-	glNormalPointer(GL_FLOAT,0,$helix_n.flatten.pack("f*"))
-
-	glLoadIdentity() # Reset The Modelview Matrix
-
-	glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST) # Enable Depth Testing
-
-	glLightModelfv(GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT,lmodel_ambient) # Set The Ambient Light Model
-	
-	glLightModelfv(GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT,global_ambient) # Set The Global Ambient Light Model
-	glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, light0pos) # Set The Lights Position
-	glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_AMBIENT, light0ambient)	# Set The Ambient Light
-	glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, light0diffuse) # Set The Diffuse Light
-	glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_SPECULAR, light0specular)	# Set Up Specular Lighting
-	glEnable(GL_LIGHTING) # Enable Lighting
-	glEnable(GL_LIGHT0) # Enable Light0
-
-	glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH) # Select Smooth Shading
-
-	glMateriali(GL_FRONT, GL_SHININESS, 128)
-	glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.5) # Set The Clear Color To Black
+  global_ambient = [0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 1.0] # Set Ambient Lighting To Fairly Dark Light (No Color)
+  light0pos = [0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 1.0] # Set The Light Position
+  light0ambient = [0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 1.0] # More Ambient Light
+  light0diffuse = [0.3, 0.3, 0.3, 1.0] # Set The Diffuse Light A Bit Brighter
+  light0specular = [0.8, 0.8, 0.8, 1.0] # Fairly Bright Specular Lighting
+
+  lmodel_ambient = [0.2,0.2,0.2,1.0] # And More Ambient Light
+
+  $angle = 0.0 # Set Starting Angle To Zero
+
+  $lasttime = 0
+
+  $blurTexture = emptyTexture() # Create Our Empty Texture
+
+  $helix_v,$helix_n = createHelix()
+  glVertexPointer(3,GL_FLOAT,0,$helix_v.flatten.pack("f*"))
+  glNormalPointer(GL_FLOAT,0,$helix_n.flatten.pack("f*"))
+
+  glLoadIdentity() # Reset The Modelview Matrix
+
+  glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST) # Enable Depth Testing
+
+  glLightModelfv(GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT,lmodel_ambient) # Set The Ambient Light Model
+
+  glLightModelfv(GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT,global_ambient) # Set The Global Ambient Light Model
+  glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, light0pos) # Set The Lights Position
+  glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_AMBIENT, light0ambient)  # Set The Ambient Light
+  glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, light0diffuse) # Set The Diffuse Light
+  glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_SPECULAR, light0specular)  # Set Up Specular Lighting
+  glEnable(GL_LIGHTING) # Enable Lighting
+  glEnable(GL_LIGHT0) # Enable Light0
+
+  glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH) # Select Smooth Shading
+
+  glMateriali(GL_FRONT, GL_SHININESS, 128)
+  glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.5) # Set The Clear Color To Black
 end
 
 # Keyboard handler to exit when ESC is typed
 keyboard = lambda do |key, x, y|
-	case(key)
-		when ?\e
-			exit(0)
-	end
-	glutPostRedisplay
+  case(key)
+    when ?\e
+      exit(0)
+  end
+  glutPostRedisplay
 end
 
 reshape = lambda do |w,h|
-	glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION)
-	glViewport(0,0,w,h)
-	glLoadIdentity()
-	width = 0.5
-	height = 0.5 * h/w;
-	glFrustum(-width,width,-height,height,1.0,2000.0)
-	glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW)
-	glViewport(0,0,w,h)
+  glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION)
+  glViewport(0,0,w,h)
+  glLoadIdentity()
+  width = 0.5
+  height = 0.5 * h/w;
+  glFrustum(-width,width,-height,height,1.0,2000.0)
+  glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW)
+  glViewport(0,0,w,h)
 end
 
 def viewOrtho
-	glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION) # Select Projection
-	glPushMatrix() # Push The Matrix
-	glLoadIdentity() # Reset The Matrix
-	width = glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_WIDTH)
-	height = glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_HEIGHT)
-	glOrtho( 0, width , height , 0, -1, 1 ) # Select Ortho Mode (widthxheight)
-	glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW) # Select Modelview Matrix
-	glPushMatrix() # Push The Matrix
-	glLoadIdentity() # Reset The Matrix
+  glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION) # Select Projection
+  glPushMatrix() # Push The Matrix
+  glLoadIdentity() # Reset The Matrix
+  width = glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_WIDTH)
+  height = glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_HEIGHT)
+  glOrtho( 0, width , height , 0, -1, 1 ) # Select Ortho Mode (widthxheight)
+  glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW) # Select Modelview Matrix
+  glPushMatrix() # Push The Matrix
+  glLoadIdentity() # Reset The Matrix
 end
 
 def viewPerspective # Set Up A Perspective View
-	glMatrixMode( GL_PROJECTION ) # Select Projection
-	glPopMatrix() # Pop The Matrix
-	glMatrixMode( GL_MODELVIEW ) # Select Modelview
-	glPopMatrix() # Pop The Matrix
+  glMatrixMode( GL_PROJECTION ) # Select Projection
+  glPopMatrix() # Pop The Matrix
+  glMatrixMode( GL_MODELVIEW ) # Select Modelview
+  glPopMatrix() # Pop The Matrix
 end
 
 def normalize(v)
-	len = sqrt( v[0]*v[0] + v[1]*v[1] + v[2]*v[2])
-	return v if len==0
-	[ v[0] / len, v[1] / len, v[2] / len ]
+  len = sqrt( v[0]*v[0] + v[1]*v[1] + v[2]*v[2])
+  return v if len==0
+  [ v[0] / len, v[1] / len, v[2] / len ]
 end
 
 def calcNormal(v) # Calculates Normal For A Quad Using 3 Points
-	# Finds The Vector Between 2 Points By Subtracting
-	# The x,y,z Coordinates From One Point To Another.
-	# Calculate The Vector From Point 1 To Point 0
-	v1, v2, out = [], [], []
-	x,y,z = 0,1,2
-	
-	v1[x] = v[0][x] - v[1][x] # Vector 1.x=Vertex[0].x-Vertex[1].x 
-	v1[y] = v[0][y] - v[1][y] # Vector 1.y=Vertex[0].y-Vertex[1].y 
-	v1[z] = v[0][z] - v[1][z]	# Vector 1.z=Vertex[0].y-Vertex[1].z 
-	# Calculate The Vector From Point 2 To Point 1 
-	v2[x] = v[1][x] - v[2][x]	# Vector 2.x=Vertex[0].x-Vertex[1].x 
-	v2[y] = v[1][y] - v[2][y]	# Vector 2.y=Vertex[0].y-Vertex[1].y 
-	v2[z] = v[1][z] - v[2][z]	# Vector 2.z=Vertex[0].z-Vertex[1].z 
-	# Compute The Cross Product To Give Us A Surface Normal 
-	out[x] = v1[y]*v2[z] - v1[z]*v2[y] # Cross Product For Y - Z 
-	out[y] = v1[z]*v2[x] - v1[x]*v2[z] # Cross Product For X - Z 
-	out[z] = v1[x]*v2[y] - v1[y]*v2[x] # Cross Product For X - Y 
-
-	normalize(out)
+  # Finds The Vector Between 2 Points By Subtracting
+  # The x,y,z Coordinates From One Point To Another.
+  # Calculate The Vector From Point 1 To Point 0
+  v1, v2, out = [], [], []
+  x,y,z = 0,1,2
+
+  v1[x] = v[0][x] - v[1][x] # Vector 1.x=Vertex[0].x-Vertex[1].x
+  v1[y] = v[0][y] - v[1][y] # Vector 1.y=Vertex[0].y-Vertex[1].y
+  v1[z] = v[0][z] - v[1][z]  # Vector 1.z=Vertex[0].y-Vertex[1].z
+  # Calculate The Vector From Point 2 To Point 1
+  v2[x] = v[1][x] - v[2][x]  # Vector 2.x=Vertex[0].x-Vertex[1].x
+  v2[y] = v[1][y] - v[2][y]  # Vector 2.y=Vertex[0].y-Vertex[1].y
+  v2[z] = v[1][z] - v[2][z]  # Vector 2.z=Vertex[0].z-Vertex[1].z
+  # Compute The Cross Product To Give Us A Surface Normal
+  out[x] = v1[y]*v2[z] - v1[z]*v2[y] # Cross Product For Y - Z
+  out[y] = v1[z]*v2[x] - v1[x]*v2[z] # Cross Product For X - Z
+  out[z] = v1[x]*v2[y] - v1[y]*v2[x] # Cross Product For X - Y
+
+  normalize(out)
 end
 
 def createHelix() # creates helix VA
-	twists = 5
-	r = 1.5
-
-	helix_v = []
-	helix_n = []
-	
-	0.step(360,20) do |phi| # 360 Degrees In Steps Of 20
-		0.step(360*twists,20) do |theta| # 360 Degrees * Number Of Twists In Steps Of 20
-			v= phi/180.0*PI # Calculate Angle Of First Point	(  0 ) 
-			u= theta/180.0*PI # Calculate Angle Of First Point	(  0 ) 
-
-			x= cos(u)*(2.0+cos(v))*r # Calculate x Position (1st Point) 
-			y= sin(u)*(2.0+cos(v))*r	# Calculate y Position (1st Point) 
-			z=((u-(2.0*PI)) + sin(v))*r	# Calculate z Position (1st Point) 
-
-			v0 = [x,y,z]
-
-			v= phi/180.0*PI # Calculate Angle Of Second Point	(  0 ) 
-			u= (theta+20)/180.0*PI	# Calculate Angle Of Second Point	( 20 ) 
-
-			x= cos(u)*(2.0+cos(v))*r # Calculate x Position (2nd Point)
-			y= sin(u)*(2.0+cos(v))*r	# Calculate y Position (2nd Point) 
-			z= ((u-(2.0*PI)) + sin(v))*r	# Calculate z Position (2nd Point) 
-		
-			v1 = [x,y,z]
-
-			v= (phi+20)/180.0*PI # Calculate Angle Of Third Point	( 20 ) 
-			u= (theta+20)/180.0*PI # Calculate Angle Of Third Point	( 20 ) 
-
-			x= cos(u)*(2.0+cos(v))*r # Calculate x Position (3rd Point) 
-			y= sin(u)*(2.0+cos(v))*r # Calculate y Position (3rd Point) 
-			z= ((u-(2.0*PI)) + sin(v))*r	# Calculate z Position (3rd Point) 
-
-			v2 = [x,y,z]
-
-			v= (phi+20)/180.0*PI # Calculate Angle Of Fourth Point	( 20 ) 
-			u= (theta)/180.0*PI # Calculate Angle Of Fourth Point	(  0 ) 
-
-			x= cos(u)*(2.0+cos(v))*r # Calculate x Position (4th Point) 
-			y= sin(u)*(2.0+cos(v))*r # Calculate y Position (4th Point) 
-			z= ((u-(2.0*PI)) + sin(v))*r # Calculate z Position (4th Point) 
-	
-			v3 = [x,y,z]
-
-			normal = calcNormal([v0,v1,v2,v3]) # Calculate The Quad Normal 
-			helix_v << v0 << v1 << v2 << v3
-			helix_n << normal << normal << normal << normal
-		end
-	end
-	[helix_v,helix_n]
+  twists = 5
+  r = 1.5
+
+  helix_v = []
+  helix_n = []
+
+  0.step(360,20) do |phi| # 360 Degrees In Steps Of 20
+    0.step(360*twists,20) do |theta| # 360 Degrees * Number Of Twists In Steps Of 20
+      v= phi/180.0*PI # Calculate Angle Of First Point  (  0 )
+      u= theta/180.0*PI # Calculate Angle Of First Point  (  0 )
+
+      x= cos(u)*(2.0+cos(v))*r # Calculate x Position (1st Point)
+      y= sin(u)*(2.0+cos(v))*r  # Calculate y Position (1st Point)
+      z=((u-(2.0*PI)) + sin(v))*r  # Calculate z Position (1st Point)
+
+      v0 = [x,y,z]
+
+      v= phi/180.0*PI # Calculate Angle Of Second Point  (  0 )
+      u= (theta+20)/180.0*PI  # Calculate Angle Of Second Point  ( 20 )
+
+      x= cos(u)*(2.0+cos(v))*r # Calculate x Position (2nd Point)
+      y= sin(u)*(2.0+cos(v))*r  # Calculate y Position (2nd Point)
+      z= ((u-(2.0*PI)) + sin(v))*r  # Calculate z Position (2nd Point)
+
+      v1 = [x,y,z]
+
+      v= (phi+20)/180.0*PI # Calculate Angle Of Third Point  ( 20 )
+      u= (theta+20)/180.0*PI # Calculate Angle Of Third Point  ( 20 )
+
+      x= cos(u)*(2.0+cos(v))*r # Calculate x Position (3rd Point)
+      y= sin(u)*(2.0+cos(v))*r # Calculate y Position (3rd Point)
+      z= ((u-(2.0*PI)) + sin(v))*r  # Calculate z Position (3rd Point)
+
+      v2 = [x,y,z]
+
+      v= (phi+20)/180.0*PI # Calculate Angle Of Fourth Point  ( 20 )
+      u= (theta)/180.0*PI # Calculate Angle Of Fourth Point  (  0 )
+
+      x= cos(u)*(2.0+cos(v))*r # Calculate x Position (4th Point)
+      y= sin(u)*(2.0+cos(v))*r # Calculate y Position (4th Point)
+      z= ((u-(2.0*PI)) + sin(v))*r # Calculate z Position (4th Point)
+
+      v3 = [x,y,z]
+
+      normal = calcNormal([v0,v1,v2,v3]) # Calculate The Quad Normal
+      helix_v << v0 << v1 << v2 << v3
+      helix_n << normal << normal << normal << normal
+    end
+  end
+  [helix_v,helix_n]
 end
 
-def processHelix() # Draws A Helix 
-	glfMaterialColor = [0.4,0.2,0.8,1.0] # Set The Material Color
-	specular = [1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0] # Sets Up Specular Lighting
+def processHelix() # Draws A Helix
+  glfMaterialColor = [0.4,0.2,0.8,1.0] # Set The Material Color
+  specular = [1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0] # Sets Up Specular Lighting
 
-	glLoadIdentity() # Reset The Modelview Matrix
-	gluLookAt(0, 5, 50, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0) # Eye Position (0,5,50) Center Of Scene (0,0,0), Up On Y Axis
+  glLoadIdentity() # Reset The Modelview Matrix
+  gluLookAt(0, 5, 50, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0) # Eye Position (0,5,50) Center Of Scene (0,0,0), Up On Y Axis
 
-	glPushMatrix() # Push The Modelview Matrix
+  glPushMatrix() # Push The Modelview Matrix
 
-	glTranslatef(0,0,-50) # Translate 50 Units Into The Screen
-	glRotatef($angle/2.0,1,0,0) # Rotate By angle/2 On The X-Axis
-	glRotatef($angle/3.0,0,1,0) # Rotate By angle/3 On The Y-Axis
+  glTranslatef(0,0,-50) # Translate 50 Units Into The Screen
+  glRotatef($angle/2.0,1,0,0) # Rotate By angle/2 On The X-Axis
+  glRotatef($angle/3.0,0,1,0) # Rotate By angle/3 On The Y-Axis
 
-	glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK,GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE,glfMaterialColor)
-	glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK,GL_SPECULAR,specular)
+  glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK,GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE,glfMaterialColor)
+  glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK,GL_SPECULAR,specular)
 
-	glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY)
-	glEnableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY)
-	glDrawArrays(GL_QUADS,0,$helix_v.size)
-	glDisableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY)
-	glDisableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY)
+  glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY)
+  glEnableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY)
+  glDrawArrays(GL_QUADS,0,$helix_v.size)
+  glDisableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY)
+  glDisableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY)
 
-	glPopMatrix() # Pop The Matrix
+  glPopMatrix() # Pop The Matrix
 end
 
 def drawBlur(times,inc)
-	spost = 0.0 # Starting Texture Coordinate Offset 
-	alphainc = 0.9 / times # Fade Speed For Alpha Blending 
-	alpha = 0.2	# Starting Alpha Value 
-
-	width = glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_WIDTH)
-	height = glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_HEIGHT)
-	# Disable AutoTexture Coordinates 
-	glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_GEN_S)
-	glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_GEN_T)
-
-	glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D) # Enable 2D Texture Mapping 
-	glDisable(GL_DEPTH_TEST) # Disable Depth Testing 
-	glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA,GL_ONE) # Set Blending Mode 
-	glEnable(GL_BLEND) # Enable Blending 
-	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D,$blurTexture) # Bind To The Blur Texture 
-	viewOrtho() # Switch To An Ortho View 
-
-	alphainc = alpha / times # alphainc=0.2 / Times To Render Blur 
-
-	glBegin(GL_QUADS) # Begin Drawing Quads 
-	0.upto(times-1) do |num| # Number Of Times To Render Blur 
-		glColor4f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, alpha) # Set The Alpha Value (Starts At 0.2) 
-		glTexCoord2f(0+spost,1-spost)	# Texture Coordinate	( 0, 1 ) 
-		glVertex2f(0,0)	# First Vertex		(   0,   0 ) 
-
-		glTexCoord2f(0+spost,0+spost) # Texture Coordinate	( 0, 0 ) 
-		glVertex2f(0,height) # Second Vertex	(   0, height ) 
-
-		glTexCoord2f(1-spost,0+spost) # Texture Coordinate	( 1, 0 ) 
-		glVertex2f(width,height) # Third Vertex		( width, height ) 
-
-		glTexCoord2f(1-spost,1-spost) # Texture Coordinate	( 1, 1 ) 
-		glVertex2f(width,0) # Fourth Vertex	( width,   0 ) 
-
-		spost += inc # Gradually Increase spost (Zooming Closer To Texture Center) 
-		alpha = alpha - alphainc # Gradually Decrease alpha (Gradually Fading Image Out) 
-	end
-	glEnd() # Done Drawing Quads 
-
-	viewPerspective() # Switch To A Perspective View 
-
-	glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST) # Enable Depth Testing 
-	glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_2D) # Disable 2D Texture Mapping 
-	glDisable(GL_BLEND) # Disable Blending 
-	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D,0) # Unbind The Blur Texture 
+  spost = 0.0 # Starting Texture Coordinate Offset
+  alphainc = 0.9 / times # Fade Speed For Alpha Blending
+  alpha = 0.2  # Starting Alpha Value
+
+  width = glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_WIDTH)
+  height = glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_HEIGHT)
+  # Disable AutoTexture Coordinates
+  glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_GEN_S)
+  glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_GEN_T)
+
+  glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D) # Enable 2D Texture Mapping
+  glDisable(GL_DEPTH_TEST) # Disable Depth Testing
+  glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA,GL_ONE) # Set Blending Mode
+  glEnable(GL_BLEND) # Enable Blending
+  glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D,$blurTexture) # Bind To The Blur Texture
+  viewOrtho() # Switch To An Ortho View
+
+  alphainc = alpha / times # alphainc=0.2 / Times To Render Blur
+
+  glBegin(GL_QUADS) # Begin Drawing Quads
+  0.upto(times-1) do |num| # Number Of Times To Render Blur
+    glColor4f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, alpha) # Set The Alpha Value (Starts At 0.2)
+    glTexCoord2f(0+spost,1-spost)  # Texture Coordinate  ( 0, 1 )
+    glVertex2f(0,0)  # First Vertex    (   0,   0 )
+
+    glTexCoord2f(0+spost,0+spost) # Texture Coordinate  ( 0, 0 )
+    glVertex2f(0,height) # Second Vertex  (   0, height )
+
+    glTexCoord2f(1-spost,0+spost) # Texture Coordinate  ( 1, 0 )
+    glVertex2f(width,height) # Third Vertex    ( width, height )
+
+    glTexCoord2f(1-spost,1-spost) # Texture Coordinate  ( 1, 1 )
+    glVertex2f(width,0) # Fourth Vertex  ( width,   0 )
+
+    spost += inc # Gradually Increase spost (Zooming Closer To Texture Center)
+    alpha = alpha - alphainc # Gradually Decrease alpha (Gradually Fading Image Out)
+  end
+  glEnd() # Done Drawing Quads
+
+  viewPerspective() # Switch To A Perspective View
+
+  glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST) # Enable Depth Testing
+  glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_2D) # Disable 2D Texture Mapping
+  glDisable(GL_BLEND) # Disable Blending
+  glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D,0) # Unbind The Blur Texture
 end
 
 
 def renderToTexture
-	glViewport(0,0,128,128); # Set Our Viewport (Match Texture Size)
+  glViewport(0,0,128,128); # Set Our Viewport (Match Texture Size)
 
-	processHelix() # Render The Helix
+  processHelix() # Render The Helix
 
-	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D,$blurTexture) # Bind To The Blur Texture
+  glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D,$blurTexture) # Bind To The Blur Texture
 
-	# Copy Our ViewPort To The Blur Texture (From 0,0 To 128,128... No Border)
-	glCopyTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, 0, 0, 128, 128, 0)
+  # Copy Our ViewPort To The Blur Texture (From 0,0 To 128,128... No Border)
+  glCopyTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, 0, 0, 128, 128, 0)
 
-	glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.5, 0.5) # Set The Clear Color To Medium Blue
-	glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT) # Clear The Screen And Depth Buffer
-	width = glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_WIDTH)
-	height = glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_HEIGHT)
-	glViewport(0 , 0,width,height) # Set Viewport (0,0 to widthxheight)
+  glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.5, 0.5) # Set The Clear Color To Medium Blue
+  glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT) # Clear The Screen And Depth Buffer
+  width = glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_WIDTH)
+  height = glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_HEIGHT)
+  glViewport(0 , 0,width,height) # Set Viewport (0,0 to widthxheight)
 end
 
 drawGLScene = lambda do # Draw The Scene
-	glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.5) # Set The Clear Color To Black
-	glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT) # Clear Screen And Depth Buffer
-	glLoadIdentity() # Reset The View
-	renderToTexture() # Render To A Texture
-	processHelix() # Draw Our Helix
-	drawBlur(25,0.02) # Draw The Blur Effect 
-	glFlush() # Flush The GL Rendering Pipeline
-	glutSwapBuffers()
-	sleep(0.001) # don't hog all cpu time
+  glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.5) # Set The Clear Color To Black
+  glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT) # Clear Screen And Depth Buffer
+  glLoadIdentity() # Reset The View
+  renderToTexture() # Render To A Texture
+  processHelix() # Draw Our Helix
+  drawBlur(25,0.02) # Draw The Blur Effect
+  glFlush() # Flush The GL Rendering Pipeline
+  glutSwapBuffers()
+  sleep(0.001) # don't hog all cpu time
 end
 
 idle = lambda do
-	now = glutGet(GLUT_ELAPSED_TIME)
-	elapsed = now - $lasttime
-	$angle += (elapsed * 0.03) # Update angle Based On The Clock 
-	$lasttime = now
+  now = glutGet(GLUT_ELAPSED_TIME)
+  elapsed = now - $lasttime
+  $angle += (elapsed * 0.03) # Update angle Based On The Clock
+  $lasttime = now
 
-	glutPostRedisplay()
+  glutPostRedisplay()
 end
 
 # Main