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- data/.document +5 -0
- data/Gemfile +15 -0
- data/Gemfile.lock +25 -0
- data/LICENSE.txt +20 -0
- data/README.md +105 -0
- data/Rakefile +46 -0
- data/TODO +2 -0
- data/VERSION +1 -0
- data/bin/manbook +89 -0
- data/bin/mktoc +157 -0
- data/lib/manbook.rb +30 -0
- data/lib/manbook/errors.rb +22 -0
- data/lib/manbook/formatter.rb +27 -0
- data/lib/manbook/html_formatter.rb +17 -0
- data/lib/manbook/log_formatter.rb +9 -0
- data/lib/manbook/parser.rb +32 -0
- data/templates/_page.html.erb +1 -0
- data/templates/about.html.erb +6 -0
- data/templates/application.html.erb +23 -0
- data/templates/index.html.erb +4 -0
- data/templates/library_books.jpg +0 -0
- data/templates/manbook.ncx.erb +28 -0
- data/templates/manbook.opf.erb +35 -0
- data/test/fixtures/bash.html +11352 -0
- data/test/fixtures/cat.html +195 -0
- data/test/fixtures/git.html +1882 -0
- data/test/fixtures/gunzip.html +595 -0
- data/test/fixtures/less.html +3554 -0
- data/test/fixtures/ls.html +818 -0
- data/test/fixtures/man.html +649 -0
- data/test/helper.rb +42 -0
- data/test/unit/test_manbook.rb +39 -0
- data/test/unit/test_mktoc.rb +215 -0
- metadata +189 -0
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<!-- Creator : groff version 1.19.2 -->
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<!-- CreationDate: Tue Nov 29 21:01:37 2011 -->
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
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"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta name="generator" content="groff -Thtml, see www.gnu.org">
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=US-ASCII">
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</style>
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<title>GZIP</title>
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</head>
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<body>
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<h1 align=center>GZIP</h1>
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<a href="#NAME">NAME</a><br>
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<a href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a><br>
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<a href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a><br>
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<a href="#OPTIONS">OPTIONS</a><br>
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<a href="#ADVANCED USAGE">ADVANCED USAGE</a><br>
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<a href="#ENVIRONMENT">ENVIRONMENT</a><br>
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<a href="#SEE ALSO">SEE ALSO</a><br>
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<a href="#DIAGNOSTICS">DIAGNOSTICS</a><br>
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<a href="#CAVEATS">CAVEATS</a><br>
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<a href="#BUGS">BUGS</a><br>
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<a href="#COPYRIGHT NOTICE">COPYRIGHT NOTICE</a><br>
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<hr>
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<a name="NAME"></a>
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<h2>NAME</h2>
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<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">gzip, gunzip,
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zcat − compress or expand files</p>
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<a name="SYNOPSIS"></a>
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<h2>SYNOPSIS</h2>
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<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>gzip</b> [
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<b>−acdfhlLnNrtvV19</b> ]
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[<b>−S suffix</b>] [ <i>name ...</i> ] <b><br>
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gunzip</b> [ <b>−acfhlLnNrtvV</b> ]
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[<b>−S suffix</b>] [ <i>name ...</i> ] <b><br>
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zcat</b> [ <b>−fhLV</b> ] [ <i>name ...</i> ]</p>
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<a name="DESCRIPTION"></a>
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<h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
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<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><i>Gzip</i>
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reduces the size of the named files using Lempel-Ziv coding
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(LZ77). Whenever possible, each file is replaced by one with
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the extension <b>.gz,</b> while keeping the same ownership
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modes, access and modification times. (The default extension
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is <b>−gz</b> for VMS, <b>z</b> for MSDOS, OS/2 FAT,
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Windows NT FAT and Atari.) If no files are specified, or if
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a file name is "-", the standard input is
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compressed to the standard output. <i>Gzip</i> will only
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attempt to compress regular files. In particular, it will
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ignore symbolic links.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">If the
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compressed file name is too long for its file system,
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<i>gzip</i> truncates it. <i>Gzip</i> attempts to truncate
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only the parts of the file name longer than 3 characters. (A
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part is delimited by dots.) If the name consists of small
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parts only, the longest parts are truncated. For example, if
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file names are limited to 14 characters, gzip.msdos.exe is
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compressed to gzi.msd.exe.gz. Names are not truncated on
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systems which do not have a limit on file name length.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">By default,
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<i>gzip</i> keeps the original file name and timestamp in
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the compressed file. These are used when decompressing the
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file with the <b>−N</b> option. This is useful when
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the compressed file name was truncated or when the time
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stamp was not preserved after a file transfer.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Compressed
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files can be restored to their original form using <i>gzip
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-d</i> or <i>gunzip</i> or <i>zcat.</i> If the original name
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saved in the compressed file is not suitable for its file
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system, a new name is constructed from the original one to
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make it legal.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><i>gunzip</i>
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takes a list of files on its command line and replaces each
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file whose name ends with .gz, -gz, .z, -z, _z or .Z and
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which begins with the correct magic number with an
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uncompressed file without the original extension.
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<i>gunzip</i> also recognizes the special extensions
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<b>.tgz</b> and <b>.taz</b> as shorthands for <b>.tar.gz</b>
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and <b>.tar.Z</b> respectively. When compressing,
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<i>gzip</i> uses the <b>.tgz</b> extension if necessary
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instead of truncating a file with a <b>.tar</b>
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extension.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><i>gunzip</i>
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can currently decompress files created by <i>gzip, zip,
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compress, compress -H</i> or <i>pack.</i> The detection of
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the input format is automatic. When using the first two
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formats, <i>gunzip</i> checks a 32 bit CRC. For <i>pack,
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gunzip</i> checks the uncompressed length. The standard
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<i>compress</i> format was not designed to allow consistency
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checks. However <i>gunzip</i> is sometimes able to detect a
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bad .Z file. If you get an error when uncompressing a .Z
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file, do not assume that the .Z file is correct simply
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because the standard <i>uncompress</i> does not complain.
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This generally means that the standard <i>uncompress</i>
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does not check its input, and happily generates garbage
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output. The SCO compress -H format (lzh compression method)
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does not include a CRC but also allows some consistency
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checks.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Files created
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by <i>zip</i> can be uncompressed by gzip only if they have
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a single member compressed with the ’deflation’
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method. This feature is only intended to help conversion of
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tar.zip files to the tar.gz format. To extract a <i>zip</i>
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file with a single member, use a command like <i>gunzip
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<foo.zip</i> or <i>gunzip -S .zip foo.zip</i>. To extract
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zip files with several members, use <i>unzip</i> instead of
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<i>gunzip.</i></p>
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<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><i>zcat</i> is
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identical to <i>gunzip</i> <b>−c.</b> (On some
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systems, <i>zcat</i> may be installed as <i>gzcat</i> to
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preserve the original link to <i>compress.) zcat</i>
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uncompresses either a list of files on the command line or
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its standard input and writes the uncompressed data on
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standard output. <i>zcat</i> will uncompress files that have
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the correct magic number whether they have a <b>.gz</b>
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suffix or not. In POSIX mode zcat will append <b>.Z</b> to
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all filenames that do not have that suffix.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><i>Gzip</i>
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uses the Lempel-Ziv algorithm used in <i>zip</i> and PKZIP.
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The amount of compression obtained depends on the size of
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the input and the distribution of common substrings.
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Typically, text such as source code or English is reduced by
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60−70%. Compression is generally much better than that
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achieved by LZW (as used in <i>compress</i>), Huffman coding
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(as used in <i>pack</i>), or adaptive Huffman coding
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(<i>compact</i>).</p>
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<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Compression is
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always performed, even if the compressed file is slightly
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larger than the original. The worst case expansion is a few
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bytes for the gzip file header, plus 5 bytes every 32K
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block, or an expansion ratio of 0.015% for large files. Note
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that the actual number of used disk blocks almost never
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increases. <i>gzip</i> preserves the mode, ownership and
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timestamps of files when compressing or decompressing.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The <i>gzip</i>
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file format is specified in P. Deutsch, <small>GZIP</small>
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file format specification version 4.3,
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<ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc1952.txt>, Internet RFC
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1952 (May 1996). The <i>zip</i> deflation format is
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specified in P. Deutsch, <small>DEFLATE</small> Compressed
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Data Format Specification version 1.3,
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<ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc1951.txt>, Internet RFC
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1951 (May 1996).</p>
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<a name="OPTIONS"></a>
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<h2>OPTIONS</h2>
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<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>−a
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--ascii</b></p>
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<p style="margin-left:22%;">Ascii text mode: convert
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end-of-lines using local conventions. This option is
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supported only on some non-Unix systems. For MSDOS, CR LF is
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converted to LF when compressing, and LF is converted to CR
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LF when decompressing.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>−c --stdout
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--to-stdout</b></p>
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<p style="margin-left:22%;">Write output on standard
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output; keep original files unchanged. If there are several
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input files, the output consists of a sequence of
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independently compressed members. To obtain better
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compression, concatenate all input files before compressing
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them.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>−d --decompress
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--uncompress</b></p>
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<p style="margin-left:22%;">Decompress.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>−f --force</b></p>
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<p style="margin-left:22%;">Force compression or
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decompression even if the file has multiple links or the
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corresponding file already exists, or if the compressed data
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is read from or written to a terminal. If the input data is
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not in a format recognized by <i>gzip,</i> and if the option
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--stdout is also given, copy the input data without change
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to the standard output: let <i>zcat</i> behave as
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<i>cat.</i> If <b>−f</b> is not given, and when not
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running in the background, <i>gzip</i> prompts to verify
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whether an existing file should be overwritten.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>−h --help</b></p>
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<p style="margin-left:22%;">Display a help screen and
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quit.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>−l --list</b></p>
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<p style="margin-left:22%;">For each compressed file, list
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the following fields:</p>
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<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">compressed
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size: size of the compressed file <br>
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uncompressed size: size of the uncompressed file <br>
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ratio: compression ratio (0.0% if unknown) <br>
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uncompressed_name: name of the uncompressed file</p>
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<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">The
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uncompressed size is given as -1 for files not in gzip
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format, such as compressed .Z files. To get the uncompressed
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size for such a file, you can use:</p>
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<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">zcat file.Z |
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wc -c</p>
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<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">In combination
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with the --verbose option, the following fields are also
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displayed:</p>
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<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">method:
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compression method <br>
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crc: the 32-bit CRC of the uncompressed data <br>
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date & time: time stamp for the uncompressed file</p>
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<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">The compression
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methods currently supported are deflate, compress, lzh (SCO
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compress -H) and pack. The crc is given as ffffffff for a
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file not in gzip format.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">With --name,
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the uncompressed name, date and time are those stored within
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the compress file if present.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">With --verbose,
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the size totals and compression ratio for all files is also
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displayed, unless some sizes are unknown. With --quiet, the
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title and totals lines are not displayed.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>−L --license</b></p>
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<p style="margin-left:22%;">Display the <i>gzip</i> license
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and quit.</p>
|
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|
+
|
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|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>−n --no-name</b></p>
|
|
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|
+
|
|
269
|
+
<p style="margin-left:22%;">When compressing, do not save
|
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|
+
the original file name and time stamp by default. (The
|
|
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|
+
original name is always saved if the name had to be
|
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|
+
truncated.) When decompressing, do not restore the original
|
|
273
|
+
file name if present (remove only the <i>gzip</i> suffix
|
|
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|
+
from the compressed file name) and do not restore the
|
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275
|
+
original time stamp if present (copy it from the compressed
|
|
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|
+
file). This option is the default when decompressing.</p>
|
|
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|
+
|
|
278
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>−N --name</b></p>
|
|
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|
+
|
|
280
|
+
<p style="margin-left:22%;">When compressing, always save
|
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|
+
the original file name and time stamp; this is the default.
|
|
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|
+
When decompressing, restore the original file name and time
|
|
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|
+
stamp if present. This option is useful on systems which
|
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|
+
have a limit on file name length or when the time stamp has
|
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|
+
been lost after a file transfer.</p>
|
|
286
|
+
|
|
287
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>−q --quiet</b></p>
|
|
288
|
+
|
|
289
|
+
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Suppress all warnings.</p>
|
|
290
|
+
|
|
291
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>−r --recursive</b></p>
|
|
292
|
+
|
|
293
|
+
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Travel the directory structure
|
|
294
|
+
recursively. If any of the file names specified on the
|
|
295
|
+
command line are directories, <i>gzip</i> will descend into
|
|
296
|
+
the directory and compress all the files it finds there (or
|
|
297
|
+
decompress them in the case of <i>gunzip</i> ).</p>
|
|
298
|
+
|
|
299
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>−S .suf --suffix
|
|
300
|
+
.suf</b></p>
|
|
301
|
+
|
|
302
|
+
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Use suffix .suf instead of .gz.
|
|
303
|
+
Any suffix can be given, but suffixes other than .z and .gz
|
|
304
|
+
should be avoided to avoid confusion when files are
|
|
305
|
+
transferred to other systems. A null suffix forces gunzip to
|
|
306
|
+
try decompression on all given files regardless of suffix,
|
|
307
|
+
as in:</p>
|
|
308
|
+
|
|
309
|
+
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">gunzip -S
|
|
310
|
+
"" * (*.* for MSDOS)</p>
|
|
311
|
+
|
|
312
|
+
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">Previous
|
|
313
|
+
versions of gzip used the .z suffix. This was changed to
|
|
314
|
+
avoid a conflict with <i>pack</i>(1)<i>.</i></p>
|
|
315
|
+
|
|
316
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>−t --test</b></p>
|
|
317
|
+
|
|
318
|
+
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Test. Check the compressed file
|
|
319
|
+
integrity.</p>
|
|
320
|
+
|
|
321
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>−v --verbose</b></p>
|
|
322
|
+
|
|
323
|
+
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Verbose. Display the name and
|
|
324
|
+
percentage reduction for each file compressed or
|
|
325
|
+
decompressed.</p>
|
|
326
|
+
|
|
327
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>−V --version</b></p>
|
|
328
|
+
|
|
329
|
+
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Version. Display the version
|
|
330
|
+
number and compilation options then quit.</p>
|
|
331
|
+
|
|
332
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>−# --fast
|
|
333
|
+
--best</b></p>
|
|
334
|
+
|
|
335
|
+
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Regulate the speed of
|
|
336
|
+
compression using the specified digit <i>#</i>, where
|
|
337
|
+
<b>−1</b> or <b>−−fast</b> indicates the
|
|
338
|
+
fastest compression method (less compression) and
|
|
339
|
+
<b>−9</b> or <b>−−best</b> indicates the
|
|
340
|
+
slowest compression method (best compression). The default
|
|
341
|
+
compression level is <b>−6</b> (that is, biased
|
|
342
|
+
towards high compression at expense of speed).</p>
|
|
343
|
+
|
|
344
|
+
<a name="ADVANCED USAGE"></a>
|
|
345
|
+
<h2>ADVANCED USAGE</h2>
|
|
346
|
+
|
|
347
|
+
|
|
348
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Multiple
|
|
349
|
+
compressed files can be concatenated. In this case,
|
|
350
|
+
<i>gunzip</i> will extract all members at once. For
|
|
351
|
+
example:</p>
|
|
352
|
+
|
|
353
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">gzip -c file1
|
|
354
|
+
> foo.gz <br>
|
|
355
|
+
gzip -c file2 >> foo.gz</p>
|
|
356
|
+
|
|
357
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Then</p>
|
|
358
|
+
|
|
359
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">gunzip -c
|
|
360
|
+
foo</p>
|
|
361
|
+
|
|
362
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">is equivalent
|
|
363
|
+
to</p>
|
|
364
|
+
|
|
365
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">cat file1
|
|
366
|
+
file2</p>
|
|
367
|
+
|
|
368
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">In case of
|
|
369
|
+
damage to one member of a .gz file, other members can still
|
|
370
|
+
be recovered (if the damaged member is removed). However,
|
|
371
|
+
you can get better compression by compressing all members at
|
|
372
|
+
once:</p>
|
|
373
|
+
|
|
374
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">cat file1 file2
|
|
375
|
+
| gzip > foo.gz</p>
|
|
376
|
+
|
|
377
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">compresses
|
|
378
|
+
better than</p>
|
|
379
|
+
|
|
380
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">gzip -c file1
|
|
381
|
+
file2 > foo.gz</p>
|
|
382
|
+
|
|
383
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">If you want to
|
|
384
|
+
recompress concatenated files to get better compression,
|
|
385
|
+
do:</p>
|
|
386
|
+
|
|
387
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">gzip -cd old.gz
|
|
388
|
+
| gzip > new.gz</p>
|
|
389
|
+
|
|
390
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">If a compressed
|
|
391
|
+
file consists of several members, the uncompressed size and
|
|
392
|
+
CRC reported by the --list option applies to the last member
|
|
393
|
+
only. If you need the uncompressed size for all members, you
|
|
394
|
+
can use:</p>
|
|
395
|
+
|
|
396
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">gzip -cd
|
|
397
|
+
file.gz | wc -c</p>
|
|
398
|
+
|
|
399
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">If you wish to
|
|
400
|
+
create a single archive file with multiple members so that
|
|
401
|
+
members can later be extracted independently, use an
|
|
402
|
+
archiver such as tar or zip. GNU tar supports the -z option
|
|
403
|
+
to invoke gzip transparently. gzip is designed as a
|
|
404
|
+
complement to tar, not as a replacement.</p>
|
|
405
|
+
|
|
406
|
+
<a name="ENVIRONMENT"></a>
|
|
407
|
+
<h2>ENVIRONMENT</h2>
|
|
408
|
+
|
|
409
|
+
|
|
410
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The environment
|
|
411
|
+
variable <b>GZIP</b> can hold a set of default options for
|
|
412
|
+
<i>gzip.</i> These options are interpreted first and can be
|
|
413
|
+
overwritten by explicit command line parameters. For
|
|
414
|
+
example: <br>
|
|
415
|
+
for sh: GZIP="-8v --name"; export GZIP <br>
|
|
416
|
+
for csh: setenv GZIP "-8v --name" <br>
|
|
417
|
+
for MSDOS: set GZIP=-8v --name</p>
|
|
418
|
+
|
|
419
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">On Vax/VMS, the
|
|
420
|
+
name of the environment variable is GZIP_OPT, to avoid a
|
|
421
|
+
conflict with the symbol set for invocation of the
|
|
422
|
+
program.</p>
|
|
423
|
+
|
|
424
|
+
<a name="SEE ALSO"></a>
|
|
425
|
+
<h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
|
|
426
|
+
|
|
427
|
+
|
|
428
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">znew(1),
|
|
429
|
+
zcmp(1), zmore(1), zforce(1), gzexe(1), zip(1), unzip(1),
|
|
430
|
+
compress(1), pack(1), compact(1), compat(5)</p>
|
|
431
|
+
|
|
432
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The <i>gzip</i>
|
|
433
|
+
file format is specified in P. Deutsch, <small>GZIP</small>
|
|
434
|
+
file format specification version 4.3,
|
|
435
|
+
<b><ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc1952.txt></b>,
|
|
436
|
+
Internet RFC 1952 (May 1996). The <i>zip</i> deflation
|
|
437
|
+
format is specified in P. Deutsch, <small>DEFLATE</small>
|
|
438
|
+
Compressed Data Format Specification version 1.3,
|
|
439
|
+
<b><ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc1951.txt></b>,
|
|
440
|
+
Internet RFC 1951 (May 1996).</p>
|
|
441
|
+
|
|
442
|
+
<a name="DIAGNOSTICS"></a>
|
|
443
|
+
<h2>DIAGNOSTICS</h2>
|
|
444
|
+
|
|
445
|
+
|
|
446
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Exit status is
|
|
447
|
+
normally 0; if an error occurs, exit status is 1. If a
|
|
448
|
+
warning occurs, exit status is 2. <br>
|
|
449
|
+
Usage: gzip [-cdfhlLnNrtvV19] [-S suffix] [file ...]</p>
|
|
450
|
+
|
|
451
|
+
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Invalid options were specified
|
|
452
|
+
on the command line.</p>
|
|
453
|
+
|
|
454
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><i>file</i>: not in gzip
|
|
455
|
+
format</p>
|
|
456
|
+
|
|
457
|
+
<p style="margin-left:22%;">The file specified to
|
|
458
|
+
<i>gunzip</i> has not been compressed.</p>
|
|
459
|
+
|
|
460
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><i>file</i>: Corrupt input. Use
|
|
461
|
+
zcat to recover some data.</p>
|
|
462
|
+
|
|
463
|
+
<p style="margin-left:22%;">The compressed file has been
|
|
464
|
+
damaged. The data up to the point of failure can be
|
|
465
|
+
recovered using</p>
|
|
466
|
+
|
|
467
|
+
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">zcat
|
|
468
|
+
<i>file</i> > recover</p>
|
|
469
|
+
|
|
470
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><i>file</i>: compressed with
|
|
471
|
+
<i>xx</i> bits, can only handle <i>yy</i> bits</p>
|
|
472
|
+
|
|
473
|
+
<p style="margin-left:22%;"><i>File</i> was compressed
|
|
474
|
+
(using LZW) by a program that could deal with more
|
|
475
|
+
<i>bits</i> than the decompress code on this machine.
|
|
476
|
+
Recompress the file with gzip, which compresses better and
|
|
477
|
+
uses less memory.</p>
|
|
478
|
+
|
|
479
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><i>file</i>: already has .gz
|
|
480
|
+
suffix -- no change</p>
|
|
481
|
+
|
|
482
|
+
<p style="margin-left:22%;">The file is assumed to be
|
|
483
|
+
already compressed. Rename the file and try again.</p>
|
|
484
|
+
|
|
485
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><i>file</i> already exists; do
|
|
486
|
+
you wish to overwrite (y or n)?</p>
|
|
487
|
+
|
|
488
|
+
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Respond "y" if you
|
|
489
|
+
want the output file to be replaced; "n" if
|
|
490
|
+
not.</p>
|
|
491
|
+
|
|
492
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%;">gunzip: corrupt input</p>
|
|
493
|
+
|
|
494
|
+
<p style="margin-left:22%;">A SIGSEGV violation was
|
|
495
|
+
detected which usually means that the input file has been
|
|
496
|
+
corrupted.</p>
|
|
497
|
+
|
|
498
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><i>xx.x%</i> Percentage of the
|
|
499
|
+
input saved by compression.</p>
|
|
500
|
+
|
|
501
|
+
<p style="margin-left:22%;">(Relevant only for
|
|
502
|
+
<b>−v</b> and <b>−l</b>.)</p>
|
|
503
|
+
|
|
504
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%;">-- not a regular file or
|
|
505
|
+
directory: ignored</p>
|
|
506
|
+
|
|
507
|
+
<p style="margin-left:22%;">When the input file is not a
|
|
508
|
+
regular file or directory, (e.g. a symbolic link, socket,
|
|
509
|
+
FIFO, device file), it is left unaltered.</p>
|
|
510
|
+
|
|
511
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%;">-- has <i>xx</i> other links:
|
|
512
|
+
unchanged</p>
|
|
513
|
+
|
|
514
|
+
<p style="margin-left:22%;">The input file has links; it is
|
|
515
|
+
left unchanged. See <i>ln</i>(1) for more information. Use
|
|
516
|
+
the <b>−f</b> flag to force compression of
|
|
517
|
+
multiply-linked files.</p>
|
|
518
|
+
|
|
519
|
+
<a name="CAVEATS"></a>
|
|
520
|
+
<h2>CAVEATS</h2>
|
|
521
|
+
|
|
522
|
+
|
|
523
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">When writing
|
|
524
|
+
compressed data to a tape, it is generally necessary to pad
|
|
525
|
+
the output with zeroes up to a block boundary. When the data
|
|
526
|
+
is read and the whole block is passed to <i>gunzip</i> for
|
|
527
|
+
decompression, <i>gunzip</i> detects that there is extra
|
|
528
|
+
trailing garbage after the compressed data and emits a
|
|
529
|
+
warning by default. You have to use the --quiet option to
|
|
530
|
+
suppress the warning. This option can be set in the
|
|
531
|
+
<b>GZIP</b> environment variable as in: <br>
|
|
532
|
+
for sh: GZIP="-q" tar -xfz --block-compress
|
|
533
|
+
/dev/rst0 <br>
|
|
534
|
+
for csh: (setenv GZIP -q; tar -xfz --block-compr
|
|
535
|
+
/dev/rst0</p>
|
|
536
|
+
|
|
537
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">In the above
|
|
538
|
+
example, gzip is invoked implicitly by the -z option of GNU
|
|
539
|
+
tar. Make sure that the same block size (-b option of tar)
|
|
540
|
+
is used for reading and writing compressed data on tapes.
|
|
541
|
+
(This example assumes you are using the GNU version of
|
|
542
|
+
tar.)</p>
|
|
543
|
+
|
|
544
|
+
<a name="BUGS"></a>
|
|
545
|
+
<h2>BUGS</h2>
|
|
546
|
+
|
|
547
|
+
|
|
548
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The gzip format
|
|
549
|
+
represents the input size modulo 2^32, so the --list option
|
|
550
|
+
reports incorrect uncompressed sizes and compression ratios
|
|
551
|
+
for uncompressed files 4 GB and larger. To work around this
|
|
552
|
+
problem, you can use the following command to discover a
|
|
553
|
+
large uncompressed file’s true size:</p>
|
|
554
|
+
|
|
555
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">zcat file.gz |
|
|
556
|
+
wc -c</p>
|
|
557
|
+
|
|
558
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The --list
|
|
559
|
+
option reports sizes as -1 and crc as ffffffff if the
|
|
560
|
+
compressed file is on a non seekable media.</p>
|
|
561
|
+
|
|
562
|
+
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">In some rare
|
|
563
|
+
cases, the --best option gives worse compression than the
|
|
564
|
+
default compression level (-6). On some highly redundant
|
|
565
|
+
files, <i>compress</i> compresses better than
|
|
566
|
+
<i>gzip.</i></p>
|
|
567
|
+
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<a name="COPYRIGHT NOTICE"></a>
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<h2>COPYRIGHT NOTICE</h2>
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<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Copyright
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© 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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<br>
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Copyright © 1992, 1993 Jean-loup Gailly</p>
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<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Permission is
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granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
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manual provided the copyright notice and this permission
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notice are preserved on all copies.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Permission is
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granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
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manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided
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that the entire resulting derived work is distributed under
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the terms of a permission notice identical to this one.</p>
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+
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<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Permission is
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granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual
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into another language, under the above conditions for
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modified versions, except that this permission notice may be
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stated in a translation approved by the Foundation.</p>
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<hr>
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</body>
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</html>
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