isomorfeus-iodine 0.7.44

data/ext/iodine/fio_tls_openssl.c

@@ -0,0 +1,1056 @@
+/*
+Copyright: Boaz Segev, 2018-2019
+License: MIT
+
+Feel free to copy, use and enjoy according to the license provided.
+*/
+#ifdef __MINGW32__
+// make pedantic compiler happy
+typedef struct {
+  int bogus;
+} bogus_s;
+
+#else
+#include <fio.h>
+
+/**
+ * This implementation of the facil.io SSL/TLS wrapper API wraps the OpenSSL API
+ * to provide TLS 1.2 and TLS 1.3 to facil.io applications.
+ *
+ * The implementation requires `HAVE_OPENSSL` to be set.
+ */
+#include "fio_tls.h"
+
+#if HAVE_OPENSSL
+#include <openssl/bio.h>
+#include <openssl/err.h>
+#include <openssl/ssl.h>
+
+#define REQUIRE_LIBRARY()
+#define FIO_TLS_WEAK
+
+/* *****************************************************************************
+The SSL/TLS helper data types (can be left as is)
+***************************************************************************** */
+#define FIO_INCLUDE_STR 1
+#define FIO_FORCE_MALLOC_TMP 1
+#include <fio.h>
+
+#ifndef FIO_TLS_TIMEOUT
+#define FIO_TLS_TIMEOUT 4
+#endif
+
+typedef struct {
+  fio_str_s private_key;
+  fio_str_s public_key;
+  fio_str_s password;
+} cert_s;
+
+static inline int fio_tls_cert_cmp(const cert_s *dest, const cert_s *src) {
+  return fio_str_iseq(&dest->private_key, &src->private_key);
+}
+static inline void fio_tls_cert_copy(cert_s *dest, cert_s *src) {
+  *dest = (cert_s){
+      .private_key = FIO_STR_INIT,
+      .public_key = FIO_STR_INIT,
+      .password = FIO_STR_INIT,
+  };
+  fio_str_concat(&dest->private_key, &src->private_key);
+  fio_str_concat(&dest->public_key, &src->public_key);
+  fio_str_concat(&dest->password, &src->password);
+}
+static inline void fio_tls_cert_destroy(cert_s *obj) {
+  fio_str_free(&obj->private_key);
+  fio_str_free(&obj->public_key);
+  fio_str_free(&obj->password);
+}
+
+#define FIO_ARY_NAME cert_ary
+#define FIO_ARY_TYPE cert_s
+#define FIO_ARY_COMPARE(k1, k2) (fio_tls_cert_cmp(&(k1), &(k2)))
+#define FIO_ARY_COPY(dest, obj) fio_tls_cert_copy(&(dest), &(obj))
+#define FIO_ARY_DESTROY(key) fio_tls_cert_destroy(&(key))
+#define FIO_FORCE_MALLOC_TMP 1
+#include <fio.h>
+
+typedef struct {
+  fio_str_s pem;
+} trust_s;
+
+static inline int fio_tls_trust_cmp(const trust_s *dest, const trust_s *src) {
+  return fio_str_iseq(&dest->pem, &src->pem);
+}
+static inline void fio_tls_trust_copy(trust_s *dest, trust_s *src) {
+  *dest = (trust_s){
+      .pem = FIO_STR_INIT,
+  };
+  fio_str_concat(&dest->pem, &src->pem);
+}
+static inline void fio_tls_trust_destroy(trust_s *obj) {
+  fio_str_free(&obj->pem);
+}
+
+#define FIO_ARY_NAME trust_ary
+#define FIO_ARY_TYPE trust_s
+#define FIO_ARY_COMPARE(k1, k2) (fio_tls_trust_cmp(&(k1), &(k2)))
+#define FIO_ARY_COPY(dest, obj) fio_tls_trust_copy(&(dest), &(obj))
+#define FIO_ARY_DESTROY(key) fio_tls_trust_destroy(&(key))
+#define FIO_FORCE_MALLOC_TMP 1
+#include <fio.h>
+
+typedef struct {
+  fio_str_s name; /* fio_str_s provides cache locality for small strings */
+  void (*on_selected)(intptr_t uuid, void *udata_connection, void *udata_tls);
+  void *udata_tls;
+  void (*on_cleanup)(void *udata_tls);
+} alpn_s;
+
+static inline int fio_alpn_cmp(const alpn_s *dest, const alpn_s *src) {
+  return fio_str_iseq(&dest->name, &src->name);
+}
+static inline void fio_alpn_copy(alpn_s *dest, alpn_s *src) {
+  *dest = (alpn_s){
+      .name = FIO_STR_INIT,
+      .on_selected = src->on_selected,
+      .udata_tls = src->udata_tls,
+      .on_cleanup = src->on_cleanup,
+  };
+  fio_str_concat(&dest->name, &src->name);
+}
+static inline void fio_alpn_destroy(alpn_s *obj) {
+  if (obj->on_cleanup)
+    obj->on_cleanup(obj->udata_tls);
+  fio_str_free(&obj->name);
+}
+
+#define FIO_SET_NAME alpn_list
+#define FIO_SET_OBJ_TYPE alpn_s
+#define FIO_SET_OBJ_COMPARE(k1, k2) fio_alpn_cmp(&(k1), &(k2))
+#define FIO_SET_OBJ_COPY(dest, obj) fio_alpn_copy(&(dest), &(obj))
+#define FIO_SET_OBJ_DESTROY(key) fio_alpn_destroy(&(key))
+#define FIO_FORCE_MALLOC_TMP 1
+#include <fio.h>
+
+/* *****************************************************************************
+The SSL/TLS type
+***************************************************************************** */
+
+/** An opaque type used for the SSL/TLS functions. */
+struct fio_tls_s {
+  size_t ref;       /* Reference counter, to guards the ALPN registry */
+  alpn_list_s alpn; /* ALPN is the name for the protocol selection extension */
+
+  /*** the next two components could be optimized away with tweaking stuff ***/
+
+  cert_ary_s sni;    /* SNI (server name extension) stores ID certificates */
+  trust_ary_s trust; /* Trusted certificate registry (peer verification) */
+
+  /************ TODO: implementation data fields go here ******************/
+
+  SSL_CTX *ctx;            /* The Open SSL context (updated each time). */
+  unsigned char *alpn_str; /* the computed server-format ALPN string */
+  int alpn_len;
+};
+
+/* *****************************************************************************
+ALPN Helpers
+***************************************************************************** */
+
+/** Returns a pointer to the ALPN data (callback, etc') IF exists in the TLS. */
+FIO_FUNC inline alpn_s *alpn_find(fio_tls_s *tls, char *name, size_t len) {
+  alpn_s tmp = {.name = FIO_STR_INIT_STATIC2(name, len)};
+  alpn_list__map_s_ *pos =
+      alpn_list__find_map_pos_(&tls->alpn, fio_str_hash(&tmp.name), tmp);
+  if (!pos || !pos->pos)
+    return NULL;
+  return &pos->pos->obj;
+}
+
+/** Adds an ALPN data object to the ALPN "list" (set) */
+FIO_FUNC inline void alpn_add(
+    fio_tls_s *tls, const char *protocol_name,
+    void (*on_selected)(intptr_t uuid, void *udata_connection, void *udata_tls),
+    void *udata_tls, void (*on_cleanup)(void *udata_tls)) {
+  alpn_s tmp = {
+      .name = FIO_STR_INIT_STATIC(protocol_name),
+      .on_selected = on_selected,
+      .udata_tls = udata_tls,
+      .on_cleanup = on_cleanup,
+  };
+  if (fio_str_len(&tmp.name) > 255) {
+    FIO_LOG_ERROR("ALPN protocol names are limited to 255 bytes.");
+    return;
+  }
+  alpn_list_overwrite(&tls->alpn, fio_str_hash(&tmp.name), tmp, NULL);
+  tmp.on_cleanup = NULL;
+  fio_alpn_destroy(&tmp);
+}
+
+/** Returns a pointer to the default (first) ALPN object in the TLS (if any). */
+FIO_FUNC inline alpn_s *alpn_default(fio_tls_s *tls) {
+  if (!tls || !alpn_list_count(&tls->alpn) || !tls->alpn.ordered)
+    return NULL;
+  return &tls->alpn.ordered[0].obj;
+}
+
+typedef struct {
+  alpn_s alpn;
+  intptr_t uuid;
+  void *udata_connection;
+} alpn_task_s;
+
+FIO_FUNC inline void alpn_select___task(void *t_, void *ignr_) {
+  alpn_task_s *t = t_;
+  if (fio_is_valid(t->uuid)) {
+    fio_timeout_set(t->uuid, 0); // remove TLS timeout
+    t->alpn.on_selected(t->uuid, t->udata_connection, t->alpn.udata_tls);
+  } else {
+    t->alpn.on_selected(-1, t->udata_connection, t->alpn.udata_tls);
+  }
+  fio_free(t);
+  (void)ignr_;
+}
+
+/** Schedules the ALPN protocol callback. */
+FIO_FUNC inline void alpn_select(alpn_s *alpn, intptr_t uuid,
+                                 void *udata_connection) {
+  if (!alpn || !alpn->on_selected)
+    return;
+  alpn_task_s *t = fio_malloc(sizeof(*t));
+  *t = (alpn_task_s){
+      .alpn = *alpn,
+      .uuid = uuid,
+      .udata_connection = udata_connection,
+  };
+  fio_defer(alpn_select___task, t, NULL);
+}
+
+/* *****************************************************************************
+OpenSSL Helpers
+***************************************************************************** */
+
+static EVP_PKEY *fio_tls_pkey = NULL;
+
+static void fio_tls_clear_root_key(void *key) {
+  EVP_PKEY_free(key);
+  fio_tls_pkey = NULL;
+}
+
+static void fio_tls_make_root_key(void) {
+  static fio_lock_i lock = FIO_LOCK_INIT;
+  fio_lock(&lock);
+  if (fio_tls_pkey)
+    goto finish;
+  /* create private key, free it at exit */
+  FIO_LOG_DEBUG("calculating a new TLS private key... might take a while.");
+
+  fio_tls_pkey = EVP_PKEY_new();
+  FIO_ASSERT(fio_tls_pkey, "OpenSSL failed to create private key.");
+
+  /* TODO: replace RSA with something else? is there something else? */
+  RSA *rsa = RSA_new();
+  BIGNUM *e = BN_new();
+  BN_clear(e);
+  BN_add_word(e, 65537);
+  FIO_ASSERT_ALLOC(e);
+  FIO_ASSERT(RSA_generate_key_ex(rsa, 2048, e, NULL),
+             "OpenSSL failed to create RSA key.");
+  BN_free(e);
+  EVP_PKEY_assign_RSA(fio_tls_pkey, rsa);
+  fio_state_callback_add(FIO_CALL_AT_EXIT, fio_tls_clear_root_key,
+                         fio_tls_pkey);
+finish:
+  fio_unlock(&lock);
+}
+
+static X509 *fio_tls_create_self_signed(char *server_name) {
+  X509 *cert = X509_new();
+  static uint32_t counter = 0;
+  FIO_ASSERT(cert,
+             "OpenSSL failed to allocate memory for self-signed ceritifcate.");
+  fio_tls_make_root_key();
+
+  /* serial number */
+  fio_atomic_add(&counter, 1);
+  ASN1_INTEGER_set(X509_get_serialNumber(cert), counter);
+
+  /* validity (180 days) */
+  X509_gmtime_adj(X509_get_notBefore(cert), 0);
+  X509_gmtime_adj(X509_get_notAfter(cert), 15552000L);
+
+  /* set (public) key */
+  X509_set_pubkey(cert, fio_tls_pkey);
+
+  /* set identity details */
+  X509_NAME *s = X509_get_subject_name(cert);
+  size_t srv_name_len = strlen(server_name);
+  X509_NAME_add_entry_by_txt(s, "O", MBSTRING_ASC, (unsigned char *)server_name,
+                             srv_name_len, -1, 0);
+  X509_NAME_add_entry_by_txt(s, "CN", MBSTRING_ASC,
+                             (unsigned char *)server_name, srv_name_len, -1, 0);
+  X509_NAME_add_entry_by_txt(s, "CA", MBSTRING_ASC,
+                             (unsigned char *)server_name, srv_name_len, -1, 0);
+  X509_set_issuer_name(cert, s);
+
+  /* sign certificate */
+  FIO_ASSERT(X509_sign(cert, fio_tls_pkey, EVP_sha512()),
+             "OpenSSL failed to signe self-signed certificate");
+  // FILE *fp = fopen("tmp.pem", "ab+");
+  // if (fp) {
+  //   PEM_write_X509(fp, cert);
+  //   fclose(fp);
+  // }
+
+  return cert;
+}
+
+/* *****************************************************************************
+SSL/TLS Context (re)-building
+***************************************************************************** */
+
+#define TLS_BUFFER_LENGTH (1 << 15)
+typedef struct {
+  SSL *ssl;
+  fio_tls_s *tls;
+  void *alpn_arg;
+  intptr_t uuid;
+  uint8_t is_server;
+  volatile uint8_t alpn_ok;
+} fio_tls_connection_s;
+
+static void fio_tls_alpn_fallback(fio_tls_connection_s *c) {
+  alpn_s *alpn = alpn_default(c->tls);
+  if (!alpn || !alpn->on_selected)
+    return;
+  /* set protocol to default protocol */
+  FIO_LOG_DEBUG("TLS ALPN handshake missing, falling back on %s for %p",
+                fio_str_info(&alpn->name).data, (void *)c->uuid);
+  alpn_select(alpn, c->uuid, c->alpn_arg);
+}
+static int fio_tls_alpn_selector_cb(SSL *ssl, const unsigned char **out,
+                                    unsigned char *outlen,
+                                    const unsigned char *in, unsigned int inlen,
+                                    void *tls_) {
+  fio_tls_s *tls = tls_;
+  alpn_s *alpn;
+  /* TODO: select ALPN and call on_selected */
+  fio_tls_connection_s *c = SSL_get_ex_data(ssl, 0);
+  c->alpn_ok = 1;
+
+  if (alpn_list_count(&tls->alpn) == 0)
+    return SSL_TLSEXT_ERR_NOACK;
+  const unsigned char *end = in + inlen;
+  while (in < end) {
+    uint8_t l = in[0];
+    alpn = alpn_find(tls, (char *)in + 1, l);
+    in += l + 1;
+    if (!alpn)
+      continue;
+    fio_str_info_s info = fio_str_info(&alpn->name);
+    *out = (unsigned char *)info.data;
+    *outlen = (unsigned char)info.len;
+    FIO_LOG_DEBUG("TLS ALPN set to: %s for %p", info.data, (void *)c->uuid);
+    alpn_select(alpn, c->uuid, c->alpn_arg);
+    return SSL_TLSEXT_ERR_OK;
+  }
+  /* set protocol to default protocol */
+  alpn = alpn_default(tls);
+  alpn_select(alpn, c->uuid, c->alpn_arg);
+  FIO_LOG_DEBUG(
+      "TLS ALPN handshake failed, falling back on default (%s) for %p",
+      fio_str_data(&alpn->name), (void *)c->uuid);
+  return SSL_TLSEXT_ERR_NOACK;
+  (void)ssl;
+  (void)out;
+  (void)outlen;
+  (void)in;
+  (void)inlen;
+  (void)tls;
+}
+
+/** Called when the library specific data for the context should be destroyed */
+static void fio_tls_destroy_context(fio_tls_s *tls) {
+  /* TODO: Library specific implementation */
+  SSL_CTX_free(tls->ctx);
+  free(tls->alpn_str);
+
+  tls->ctx = NULL;
+  tls->alpn_str = NULL;
+  tls->alpn_len = 0;
+  FIO_LOG_DEBUG("destroyed TLS context for OpenSSL %p", (void *)tls);
+}
+
+static int fio_tls_pem_passwd_cb(char *buf, int size, int rwflag,
+                                 void *password) {
+  fio_str_info_s *p = password;
+  if (!p || !p->len || !size)
+    return 0;
+  int len = (size <= (int)p->len) ? (size - 1) : (int)p->len;
+  memcpy(buf, p->data, len);
+  buf[len] = 0;
+  return len;
+  (void)rwflag;
+}
+
+/** Called when the library specific data for the context should be built */
+static void fio_tls_build_context(fio_tls_s *tls) {
+  fio_tls_destroy_context(tls);
+  /* TODO: Library specific implementation */
+
+  /* create new context */
+  tls->ctx = SSL_CTX_new(TLS_method());
+  SSL_CTX_set_mode(tls->ctx, SSL_MODE_ENABLE_PARTIAL_WRITE);
+  /* see: https://caniuse.com/#search=tls */
+  SSL_CTX_set_min_proto_version(tls->ctx, TLS1_2_VERSION);
+  SSL_CTX_set_options(tls->ctx, SSL_OP_NO_COMPRESSION);
+
+  /* attach certificates */
+  FIO_ARY_FOR(&tls->sni, pos) {
+    fio_str_info_s keys[4] = {
+        fio_str_info(&pos->private_key), fio_str_info(&pos->public_key),
+        fio_str_info(&pos->password),
+        /* empty password slot for public key */
+    };
+    if (keys[0].len && keys[1].len) {
+      if (1) {
+        /* Extract private key from private key file */
+        BIO *bio = BIO_new_mem_buf(keys[0].data, keys[0].len);
+        if (bio) {
+          EVP_PKEY *k = PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(
+              bio, NULL, fio_tls_pem_passwd_cb, keys + 2);
+          if (k) {
+            FIO_LOG_DEBUG("TLS read private key from PEM file.");
+            SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey(tls->ctx, k);
+          }
+          BIO_free(bio);
+        }
+      }
+      /* Certificate Files loaded */
+      for (int ki = 0; ki < 2; ++ki) {
+        /* Extract as much data as possible from each file */
+        BIO *bio = BIO_new_mem_buf(keys[ki].data, keys[ki].len);
+        FIO_ASSERT(bio, "OpenSSL error allocating BIO.");
+        STACK_OF(X509_INFO) *inf = PEM_X509_INFO_read_bio(
+            bio, NULL, fio_tls_pem_passwd_cb, keys + ki + 2);
+        if (inf) {
+          for (int i = 0; i < sk_X509_INFO_num(inf); ++i) {
+            /* for each element in PEM */
+            X509_INFO *tmp = sk_X509_INFO_value(inf, i);
+            if (tmp->x509) {
+              FIO_LOG_DEBUG("TLS adding certificate from PEM file.");
+              SSL_CTX_use_certificate(tls->ctx, tmp->x509);
+            }
+            if (tmp->x_pkey) {
+              FIO_LOG_DEBUG("TLS adding private key from PEM file.");
+              SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey(tls->ctx, tmp->x_pkey->dec_pkey);
+            }
+          }
+          sk_X509_INFO_pop_free(inf, X509_INFO_free);
+        } else {
+          /* TODO: attempt DER format? */
+          // X509 *c;
+          // EVP_PKEY *k;
+          // const uint8_t *pdata = (uint8_t *)&keys[ki].data;
+          // d2i_X509(&c, &pdata, keys[ki].len);
+          // pdata = (uint8_t *)&keys[ki].data;
+          // d2i_AutoPrivateKey(&k, &pdata, keys[ki].len);
+        }
+        BIO_free(bio);
+      }
+    } else if (keys[0].len) {
+      /* Self Signed Certificates, only if server name is provided. */
+      SSL_CTX_use_certificate(tls->ctx,
+                              fio_tls_create_self_signed(keys[0].data));
+      SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey(tls->ctx, fio_tls_pkey);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* setup ALPN support */
+  if (1) {
+    size_t alpn_pos = 0;
+    /* looping twice is better than malloc fragmentation. */
+    FIO_SET_FOR_LOOP(&tls->alpn, pos) {
+      fio_str_info_s s = fio_str_info(&pos->obj.name);
+      if (!s.len)
+        continue;
+      alpn_pos += s.len + 1;
+    }
+    tls->alpn_str = malloc((alpn_pos | 15) + 1); /* round up to 16 + padding */
+    alpn_pos = 0;
+    FIO_SET_FOR_LOOP(&tls->alpn, pos) {
+      fio_str_info_s s = fio_str_info(&pos->obj.name);
+      if (!s.len)
+        continue;
+      tls->alpn_str[alpn_pos++] = (uint8_t)s.len;
+      memcpy(tls->alpn_str + alpn_pos, s.data, s.len);
+      alpn_pos += s.len;
+    }
+    tls->alpn_len = alpn_pos;
+    SSL_CTX_set_alpn_select_cb(tls->ctx, fio_tls_alpn_selector_cb, tls);
+    SSL_CTX_set_alpn_protos(tls->ctx, tls->alpn_str, tls->alpn_len);
+  }
+
+  /* Peer Verification / Trust */
+  if (trust_ary_count(&tls->trust)) {
+    /* TODO: enable peer verification */
+    X509_STORE *store = X509_STORE_new();
+    SSL_CTX_set_cert_store(tls->ctx, store);
+    SSL_CTX_set_verify(tls->ctx, SSL_VERIFY_PEER, NULL);
+    /* TODO: Add each ceriticate in the PEM to the trust "store" */
+    FIO_ARY_FOR(&tls->trust, pos) {
+      fio_str_info_s pem = fio_str_info(&pos->pem);
+      BIO *bio = BIO_new_mem_buf(pem.data, pem.len);
+      FIO_ASSERT(bio, "OpenSSL error allocating BIO.");
+      STACK_OF(X509_INFO) *inf = PEM_X509_INFO_read_bio(bio, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+      if (inf) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < sk_X509_INFO_num(inf); ++i) {
+          /* for each element in PEM */
+          X509_INFO *tmp = sk_X509_INFO_value(inf, i);
+          if (tmp->x509) {
+            FIO_LOG_DEBUG("TLS trusting certificate from PEM file.");
+            X509_STORE_add_cert(store, tmp->x509);
+          }
+          if (tmp->crl) {
+            X509_STORE_add_crl(store, tmp->crl);
+          }
+        }
+        sk_X509_INFO_pop_free(inf, X509_INFO_free);
+      }
+      BIO_free(bio);
+    }
+  }
+
+  FIO_LOG_DEBUG("(re)built TLS context for OpenSSL %p", (void *)tls);
+}
+
+/* *****************************************************************************
+SSL/TLS RW Hooks
+***************************************************************************** */
+
+static void fio_tls_delayed_close(void *uuid, void *ignr_) {
+  fio_close((intptr_t)uuid);
+  (void)ignr_;
+}
+
+/* TODO: this is an example implementation - fix for specific library. */
+
+/**
+ * Implement reading from a file descriptor. Should behave like the file
+ * system `read` call, including the setup or errno to EAGAIN / EWOULDBLOCK.
+ *
+ * Note: facil.io library functions MUST NEVER be called by any r/w hook, or a
+ * deadlock might occur.
+ */
+static ssize_t fio_tls_read(intptr_t uuid, void *udata, void *buf,
+                            size_t count) {
+  fio_tls_connection_s *c = udata;
+  ssize_t ret = SSL_read(c->ssl, buf, count);
+  if (ret > 0)
+    return ret;
+  ret = SSL_get_error(c->ssl, ret);
+  switch (ret) {
+  case SSL_ERROR_SSL: /* overflow */
+  case SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN:
+    return 0;                      /* EOF */
+  case SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL:          /* allow errno to inform us */
+    break;                         /* return -1 */
+  case SSL_ERROR_NONE:             /* overflow */
+  case SSL_ERROR_WANT_CONNECT:     /* overflow */
+  case SSL_ERROR_WANT_ACCEPT:      /* overflow */
+  case SSL_ERROR_WANT_X509_LOOKUP: /* overflow */
+  case SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE:       /* overflow */
+  case SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ:        /* overflow */
+#ifdef SSL_ERROR_WANT_ASYNC
+  case SSL_ERROR_WANT_ASYNC: /* overflow */
+#endif
+  default:
+    errno = EWOULDBLOCK;
+    break;
+  }
+  return -1;
+  (void)uuid;
+}
+
+/**
+ * When implemented, this function will be called to flush any data remaining
+ * in the internal buffer.
+ *
+ * The function should return the number of bytes remaining in the internal
+ * buffer (0 is a valid response) or -1 (on error).
+ *
+ * Note: facil.io library functions MUST NEVER be called by any r/w hook, or a
+ * deadlock might occur.
+ */
+static ssize_t fio_tls_flush(intptr_t uuid, void *udata) {
+  (void)uuid;
+  (void)udata;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Implement writing to a file descriptor. Should behave like the file system
+ * `write` call.
+ *
+ * If an internal buffer is implemented and it is full, errno should be set to
+ * EWOULDBLOCK and the function should return -1.
+ *
+ * Note: facil.io library functions MUST NEVER be called by any r/w hook, or a
+ * deadlock might occur.
+ */
+static ssize_t fio_tls_write(intptr_t uuid, void *udata, const void *buf,
+                             size_t count) {
+  fio_tls_connection_s *c = udata;
+  ssize_t ret = SSL_write(c->ssl, buf, count);
+  if (ret > 0)
+    return ret;
+  ret = SSL_get_error(c->ssl, ret);
+  switch (ret) {
+  case SSL_ERROR_SSL: /* overflow */
+  case SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN:
+    return 0;                      /* EOF */
+  case SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL:          /* allow errno to inform us */
+    break;                         /* return -1 */
+  case SSL_ERROR_NONE:             /* overflow */
+  case SSL_ERROR_WANT_CONNECT:     /* overflow */
+  case SSL_ERROR_WANT_ACCEPT:      /* overflow */
+  case SSL_ERROR_WANT_X509_LOOKUP: /* overflow */
+  case SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE:       /* overflow */
+  case SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ:        /* overflow */
+#ifdef SSL_ERROR_WANT_ASYNC
+  case SSL_ERROR_WANT_ASYNC: /* overflow */
+#endif
+  default:
+    errno = EWOULDBLOCK;
+    break;
+  }
+  return -1;
+  (void)uuid;
+}
+
+/**
+ * The `close` callback should close the underlying socket / file descriptor.
+ *
+ * If the function returns a non-zero value, it will be called again after an
+ * attempt to flush the socket and any pending outgoing buffer.
+ *
+ * Note: facil.io library functions MUST NEVER be called by any r/w hook, or a
+ * deadlock might occur.
+ * */
+static ssize_t fio_tls_before_close(intptr_t uuid, void *udata) {
+  fio_tls_connection_s *c = udata;
+  SSL_shutdown(c->ssl);
+  return 1;
+  (void)uuid;
+}
+/**
+ * Called to perform cleanup after the socket was closed.
+ * */
+static void fio_tls_cleanup(void *udata) {
+  fio_tls_connection_s *c = udata;
+  if (!c->alpn_ok) {
+    alpn_select(alpn_default(c->tls), -1, c->alpn_arg);
+  }
+  SSL_free(c->ssl);
+  FIO_LOG_DEBUG("TLS cleanup for %p", (void *)c->uuid);
+  fio_tls_destroy(c->tls); /* manage reference count */
+  free(udata);
+}
+
+static fio_rw_hook_s FIO_TLS_HOOKS = {
+    .read = fio_tls_read,
+    .write = fio_tls_write,
+    .flush = fio_tls_flush,
+    .before_close = fio_tls_before_close,
+    .cleanup = fio_tls_cleanup,
+};
+
+#define FIO_TLS_HANDSHAKE_ERROR 0
+#define FIO_TLS_HANDSHAKE_OK 1
+#define FIO_TLS_HANDSHAKE_NEED_READ 2
+#define FIO_TLS_HANDSHAKE_NEED_WRITE 4
+
+static size_t fio_tls_handshake(intptr_t uuid, void *udata) {
+  size_t status = FIO_TLS_HANDSHAKE_ERROR;
+  fio_tls_connection_s *c = udata;
+
+  int ri;
+  if (c->is_server) {
+    ri = SSL_accept(c->ssl);
+  } else {
+    ri = SSL_connect(c->ssl);
+  }
+  if (ri != 1) {
+    ri = SSL_get_error(c->ssl, ri);
+    switch (ri) {
+    case SSL_ERROR_NONE:
+      // FIO_LOG_DEBUG("SSL_accept/SSL_connect %p state: SSL_ERROR_NONE",
+      //               (void *)uuid);
+      status = FIO_TLS_HANDSHAKE_NEED_READ | FIO_TLS_HANDSHAKE_NEED_WRITE;
+      return status;
+    case SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE:
+      // FIO_LOG_DEBUG("SSL_accept/SSL_connect %p state: SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE",
+      //               (void *)uuid);
+      status = FIO_TLS_HANDSHAKE_NEED_WRITE;
+      return status;
+    case SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ:
+      // FIO_LOG_DEBUG("SSL_accept/SSL_connect %p state: SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ",
+      //               (void *)uuid);
+      status = FIO_TLS_HANDSHAKE_NEED_READ;
+      return status;
+    case SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL:
+      if (errno) {
+        FIO_LOG_DEBUG(
+            "SSL_accept/SSL_connect %p error: SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL, errno: %s",
+            (void *)uuid, strerror(errno));
+      }
+      break;
+    case SSL_ERROR_SSL:
+      FIO_LOG_DEBUG(
+          "SSL_accept/SSL_connect %p error: SSL_ERROR_SSL (non SSL attempt?)",
+          (void *)uuid);
+      break;
+    case SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN:
+      FIO_LOG_DEBUG("SSL_accept/SSL_connect %p error: SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN",
+                    (void *)uuid);
+      break;
+    case SSL_ERROR_WANT_CONNECT:
+      FIO_LOG_DEBUG("SSL_accept/SSL_connect %p error: SSL_ERROR_WANT_CONNECT",
+                    (void *)uuid);
+      break;
+    case SSL_ERROR_WANT_ACCEPT:
+      FIO_LOG_DEBUG("SSL_accept/SSL_connect %p error: SSL_ERROR_WANT_ACCEPT",
+                    (void *)uuid);
+      break;
+    case SSL_ERROR_WANT_X509_LOOKUP:
+      FIO_LOG_DEBUG(
+          "SSL_accept/SSL_connect %p error: SSL_ERROR_WANT_X509_LOOKUP",
+          (void *)uuid);
+      break;
+#ifdef SSL_ERROR_WANT_ASYNC
+    case SSL_ERROR_WANT_ASYNC:
+      FIO_LOG_DEBUG("SSL_accept/SSL_connect %p error: SSL_ERROR_WANT_ASYNC",
+                    (void *)uuid);
+      break;
+#endif
+#ifdef SSL_ERROR_WANT_CLIENT_HELLO_CB
+    case SSL_ERROR_WANT_CLIENT_HELLO_CB:
+      FIO_LOG_DEBUG(
+          "SSL_accept/SSL_connect %p error: SSL_ERROR_WANT_CLIENT_HELLO_CB",
+          (void *)uuid);
+      break;
+#endif
+    default:
+      FIO_LOG_DEBUG("SSL_accept/SSL_connect %p error: unknown (%d).",
+                    (void *)uuid, ri);
+      break;
+    }
+    fio_rw_hook_replace_unsafe(uuid, &FIO_TLS_HOOKS, udata);
+    fio_defer(fio_tls_delayed_close, (void *)uuid, NULL);
+    return status;
+  }
+  if (!c->alpn_ok) {
+    c->alpn_ok = 1;
+    if (c->is_server) {
+      fio_tls_alpn_fallback(c);
+    } else {
+      const unsigned char *proto;
+      unsigned int proto_len;
+      SSL_get0_alpn_selected(c->ssl, &proto, &proto_len);
+      alpn_s *alpn = NULL;
+      if (proto_len > 0) {
+        alpn = alpn_find(c->tls, (char *)proto, proto_len);
+      }
+      if (!alpn) {
+        alpn = alpn_default(c->tls);
+        FIO_LOG_DEBUG("ALPN missing for TLS client %p", (void *)uuid);
+      }
+      if (alpn)
+        FIO_LOG_DEBUG("setting ALPN %s for TLS client %p",
+                      fio_str_data(&alpn->name), (void *)uuid);
+      alpn_select(alpn, c->uuid, c->alpn_arg);
+    }
+  }
+  if (fio_rw_hook_replace_unsafe(uuid, &FIO_TLS_HOOKS, udata) == 0) {
+    FIO_LOG_DEBUG("Completed TLS handshake for %p", (void *)uuid);
+  } else {
+    FIO_LOG_DEBUG("Something went wrong during TLS handshake for %p",
+                  (void *)uuid);
+    return status;
+  }
+  /* make sure the connection is re-added to the reactor */
+  fio_force_event(uuid, FIO_EVENT_ON_DATA);
+  /* log session ID for WireShark */
+#if FIO_TLS_PRINT_SECRET
+  if (FIO_LOG_LEVEL >= FIO_LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG) {
+    unsigned char buff[SSL_MAX_MASTER_KEY_LENGTH + 2];
+    size_t ret = SSL_SESSION_get_master_key(SSL_get_session(c->ssl), buff,
+                                            SSL_MAX_MASTER_KEY_LENGTH + 1);
+    buff[ret] = 0;
+    unsigned char buff2[(SSL_MAX_MASTER_KEY_LENGTH + 2) << 1];
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < ret; ++i) {
+      buff2[i] = ((buff[i] >> 4) >= 10) ? ('A' + (buff[i] >> 4) - 10)
+                                        : ('0' + (buff[i] >> 4));
+      buff2[i + 1] = ((buff[i] & 15) >= 10) ? ('A' + (buff[i] & 15) - 10)
+                                            : ('0' + (buff[i] & 15));
+    }
+    buff2[(ret << 1)] = 0;
+    FIO_LOG_DEBUG("OpenSSL Master Key for uuid %p:\n\t\t%s", (void *)uuid,
+                  buff2);
+  }
+#endif
+  status = FIO_TLS_HANDSHAKE_OK;
+  return status;
+}
+
+static ssize_t fio_tls_read4handshake(intptr_t uuid, void *udata, void *buf,
+                                      size_t count) {
+  // FIO_LOG_DEBUG("TLS handshake from read %p", (void *)uuid);
+  size_t s = fio_tls_handshake(uuid, udata);
+  if (s == FIO_TLS_HANDSHAKE_OK)
+    return fio_tls_read(uuid, udata, buf, count);
+  if (!s)
+    return 0;
+  errno = EWOULDBLOCK;
+  return -1;
+}
+
+static ssize_t fio_tls_write4handshake(intptr_t uuid, void *udata,
+                                       const void *buf, size_t count) {
+  // FIO_LOG_DEBUG("TLS handshake from write %p", (void *)uuid);
+  size_t s = fio_tls_handshake(uuid, udata);
+  if (s == FIO_TLS_HANDSHAKE_OK)
+    return fio_tls_write(uuid, udata, buf, count);
+  if (!s)
+    return 0;
+  errno = EWOULDBLOCK;
+  return -1;
+}
+
+static ssize_t fio_tls_flush4handshake(intptr_t uuid, void *udata) {
+  // FIO_LOG_DEBUG("TLS handshake from flush %p", (void *)uuid);
+  size_t s = fio_tls_handshake(uuid, udata);
+  if (s == FIO_TLS_HANDSHAKE_OK) {
+    return fio_tls_flush(uuid, udata);
+  }
+  if (!s)
+    return 0;
+  errno = 0;
+  return s | FIO_TLS_HANDSHAKE_NEED_WRITE;
+}
+
+static fio_rw_hook_s FIO_TLS_HANDSHAKE_HOOKS = {
+    .read = fio_tls_read4handshake,
+    .write = fio_tls_write4handshake,
+    .before_close = fio_tls_before_close,
+    .flush = fio_tls_flush4handshake,
+    .cleanup = fio_tls_cleanup,
+};
+static inline void fio_tls_attach2uuid(intptr_t uuid, fio_tls_s *tls,
+                                       void *udata, uint8_t is_server) {
+  fio_atomic_add(&tls->ref, 1);
+  /* create SSL connection context from global context */
+  fio_tls_connection_s *c = malloc(sizeof(*c));
+  FIO_ASSERT_ALLOC(c);
+  *c = (fio_tls_connection_s){
+      .alpn_arg = udata,
+      .tls = tls,
+      .uuid = uuid,
+      .ssl = SSL_new(tls->ctx),
+      .is_server = is_server,
+      .alpn_ok = 0,
+  };
+  FIO_ASSERT_ALLOC(c->ssl);
+  /* set facil.io data in the SSL object */
+  SSL_set_ex_data(c->ssl, 0, (void *)c);
+  /* attach socket - TODO: Switch to BIO socket */
+  BIO *bio = BIO_new_socket(fio_uuid2fd(uuid), 0);
+  BIO_up_ref(bio);
+  SSL_set0_rbio(c->ssl, bio);
+  SSL_set0_wbio(c->ssl, bio);
+  /* set RW hooks */
+  fio_rw_hook_set(uuid, &FIO_TLS_HANDSHAKE_HOOKS, c);
+  if (is_server) {
+    /* Server mode (accept) */
+    FIO_LOG_DEBUG("Attaching TLS read/write hook for %p (server mode).",
+                  (void *)uuid);
+    SSL_set_accept_state(c->ssl);
+  } else {
+    /* Client mode (connect) */
+    FIO_LOG_DEBUG("Attaching TLS read/write hook for %p (client mode).",
+                  (void *)uuid);
+    SSL_set_connect_state(c->ssl);
+  }
+  fio_force_event(uuid, FIO_EVENT_ON_READY);
+}
+
+/* *****************************************************************************
+SSL/TLS API implementation - this can be pretty much used as is...
+***************************************************************************** */
+
+/**
+ * Creates a new SSL/TLS context / settings object with a default certificate
+ * (if any).
+ */
+fio_tls_s *FIO_TLS_WEAK fio_tls_new(const char *server_name, const char *cert,
+                                    const char *key, const char *pk_password) {
+  REQUIRE_LIBRARY();
+  fio_tls_s *tls = calloc(sizeof(*tls), 1);
+  tls->ref = 1;
+  fio_tls_cert_add(tls, server_name, key, cert, pk_password);
+  return tls;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Adds a certificate  a new SSL/TLS context / settings object.
+ */
+void FIO_TLS_WEAK fio_tls_cert_add(fio_tls_s *tls, const char *server_name,
+                                   const char *cert, const char *key,
+                                   const char *pk_password) {
+  REQUIRE_LIBRARY();
+  cert_s c = {
+      .private_key = FIO_STR_INIT,
+      .public_key = FIO_STR_INIT,
+      .password = FIO_STR_INIT_STATIC2(pk_password,
+                                       (pk_password ? strlen(pk_password) : 0)),
+  };
+  if (key && cert) {
+    if (fio_str_readfile(&c.private_key, key, 0, 0).data == NULL)
+      goto file_missing;
+    if (fio_str_readfile(&c.public_key, cert, 0, 0).data == NULL)
+      goto file_missing;
+    cert_ary_push(&tls->sni, c);
+  } else if (server_name) {
+    /* Self-Signed TLS Certificates */
+    c.private_key = FIO_STR_INIT_STATIC(server_name);
+    cert_ary_push(&tls->sni, c);
+  }
+  fio_tls_cert_destroy(&c);
+  fio_tls_build_context(tls);
+  return;
+file_missing:
+  FIO_LOG_FATAL("TLS certificate file missing for either %s or %s or both.",
+                key, cert);
+  exit(-1);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Adds an ALPN protocol callback to the SSL/TLS context.
+ *
+ * The first protocol added will act as the default protocol to be selected.
+ *
+ * The callback should accept the `uuid`, the user data pointer passed to
+ * either `fio_tls_accept` or `fio_tls_connect` (here: `udata_connetcion`) and
+ * the user data pointer passed to the `fio_tls_alpn_add` function
+ * (`udata_tls`).
+ *
+ * The `on_cleanup` callback will be called when the TLS object is destroyed
+ * (or `fio_tls_alpn_add` is called again with the same protocol name). The
+ * `udata_tls` argumrnt will be passed along, as is, to the callback (if set).
+ *
+ * Except for the `tls` and `protocol_name` arguments, all arguments can be
+ * NULL.
+ */
+void FIO_TLS_WEAK fio_tls_alpn_add(
+    fio_tls_s *tls, const char *protocol_name,
+    void (*on_selected)(intptr_t uuid, void *udata_connection, void *udata_tls),
+    void *udata_tls, void (*on_cleanup)(void *udata_tls)) {
+  REQUIRE_LIBRARY();
+  alpn_add(tls, protocol_name, on_selected, udata_tls, on_cleanup);
+  fio_tls_build_context(tls);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns the number of registered ALPN protocol names.
+ *
+ * This could be used when deciding if protocol selection should be delegated
+ * to the ALPN mechanism, or whether a protocol should be immediately
+ * assigned.
+ *
+ * If no ALPN protocols are registered, zero (0) is returned.
+ */
+uintptr_t FIO_TLS_WEAK fio_tls_alpn_count(fio_tls_s *tls) {
+  return tls ? alpn_list_count(&tls->alpn) : 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Adds a certificate to the "trust" list, which automatically adds a peer
+ * verification requirement.
+ *
+ *      fio_tls_trust(tls, "google-ca.pem" );
+ */
+void FIO_TLS_WEAK fio_tls_trust(fio_tls_s *tls, const char *public_cert_file) {
+  REQUIRE_LIBRARY();
+  trust_s c = {
+      .pem = FIO_STR_INIT,
+  };
+  if (!public_cert_file)
+    return;
+  if (fio_str_readfile(&c.pem, public_cert_file, 0, 0).data == NULL)
+    goto file_missing;
+  trust_ary_push(&tls->trust, c);
+  fio_tls_trust_destroy(&c);
+  fio_tls_build_context(tls);
+  return;
+file_missing:
+  FIO_LOG_FATAL("TLS certificate file missing for %s ", public_cert_file);
+  exit(-1);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Establishes an SSL/TLS connection as an SSL/TLS Server, using the specified
+ * context / settings object.
+ *
+ * The `uuid` should be a socket UUID that is already connected to a peer
+ * (i.e., the result of `fio_accept`).
+ *
+ * The `udata` is an opaque user data pointer that is passed along to the
+ * protocol selected (if any protocols were added using `fio_tls_alpn_add`).
+ */
+void FIO_TLS_WEAK fio_tls_accept(intptr_t uuid, fio_tls_s *tls, void *udata) {
+  REQUIRE_LIBRARY();
+  fio_timeout_set(uuid, FIO_TLS_TIMEOUT);
+  fio_tls_attach2uuid(uuid, tls, udata, 1);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Establishes an SSL/TLS connection as an SSL/TLS Client, using the specified
+ * context / settings object.
+ *
+ * The `uuid` should be a socket UUID that is already connected to a peer
+ * (i.e., one received by a `fio_connect` specified callback `on_connect`).
+ *
+ * The `udata` is an opaque user data pointer that is passed along to the
+ * protocol selected (if any protocols were added using `fio_tls_alpn_add`).
+ */
+void FIO_TLS_WEAK fio_tls_connect(intptr_t uuid, fio_tls_s *tls, void *udata) {
+  REQUIRE_LIBRARY();
+  fio_tls_attach2uuid(uuid, tls, udata, 0);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Increase the reference count for the TLS object.
+ *
+ * Decrease with `fio_tls_destroy`.
+ */
+void FIO_TLS_WEAK fio_tls_dup(fio_tls_s *tls) { fio_atomic_add(&tls->ref, 1); }
+
+/**
+ * Destroys the SSL/TLS context / settings object and frees any related
+ * resources / memory.
+ */
+void FIO_TLS_WEAK fio_tls_destroy(fio_tls_s *tls) {
+  if (!tls)
+    return;
+  REQUIRE_LIBRARY();
+  if (fio_atomic_sub(&tls->ref, 1))
+    return;
+  fio_tls_destroy_context(tls);
+  alpn_list_free(&tls->alpn);
+  cert_ary_free(&tls->sni);
+  trust_ary_free(&tls->trust);
+  free(tls);
+  FIO_LOG_DEBUG("freed TLS context %p", (void *)tls);
+}
+
+#endif /* Library compiler flags */
+#endif