ceedling 0.28.3 → 0.29.0

data/vendor/c_exception/vendor/unity/docs/UnityConfigurationGuide.md

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+# Unity Configuration Guide
+
+## C Standards, Compilers and Microcontrollers
+
+The embedded software world contains its challenges. Compilers support different
+revisions of the C Standard. They ignore requirements in places, sometimes to
+make the language more usable in some special regard. Sometimes it's to simplify
+their support. Sometimes it's due to specific quirks of the microcontroller they
+are targeting. Simulators add another dimension to this menagerie.
+
+Unity is designed to run on almost anything that is targeted by a C compiler. It
+would be awesome if this could be done with zero configuration. While there are
+some targets that come close to this dream, it is sadly not universal. It is
+likely that you are going to need at least a couple of the configuration options
+described in this document.
+
+All of Unity's configuration options are `#defines`. Most of these are simple
+definitions. A couple are macros with arguments. They live inside the
+unity_internals.h header file. We don't necessarily recommend opening that file
+unless you really need to. That file is proof that a cross-platform library is
+challenging to build. From a more positive perspective, it is also proof that a
+great deal of complexity can be centralized primarily to one place in order to
+provide a more consistent and simple experience elsewhere.
+
+
+### Using These Options
+
+It doesn't matter if you're using a target-specific compiler and a simulator or
+a native compiler. In either case, you've got a couple choices for configuring
+these options:
+
+1. Because these options are specified via C defines, you can pass most of these
+options to your compiler through command line compiler flags. Even if you're
+using an embedded target that forces you to use their overbearing IDE for all
+configuration, there will be a place somewhere in your project to configure
+defines for your compiler.
+2. You can create a custom `unity_config.h` configuration file (present in your
+toolchain's search paths). In this file, you will list definitions and macros
+specific to your target. All you must do is define `UNITY_INCLUDE_CONFIG_H` and
+Unity will rely on `unity_config.h` for any further definitions it may need.
+
+
+## The Options
+
+### Integer Types
+
+If you've been a C developer for long, you probably already know that C's
+concept of an integer varies from target to target. The C Standard has rules
+about the `int` matching the register size of the target microprocessor. It has
+rules about the `int` and how its size relates to other integer types. An `int`
+on one target might be 16 bits while on another target it might be 64. There are
+more specific types in compilers compliant with C99 or later, but that's
+certainly not every compiler you are likely to encounter. Therefore, Unity has a
+number of features for helping to adjust itself to match your required integer
+sizes. It starts off by trying to do it automatically.
+
+
+##### `UNITY_EXCLUDE_STDINT_H`
+
+The first thing that Unity does to guess your types is check `stdint.h`.
+This file includes defines like `UINT_MAX` that Unity can make use of to
+learn a lot about your system. It's possible you don't want it to do this
+(um. why not?) or (more likely) it's possible that your system doesn't
+support `stdint.h`. If that's the case, you're going to want to define this.
+That way, Unity will know to skip the inclusion of this file and you won't
+be left with a compiler error.
+
+_Example:_
+        #define UNITY_EXCLUDE_STDINT_H
+
+
+##### `UNITY_EXCLUDE_LIMITS_H`
+
+The second attempt to guess your types is to check `limits.h`. Some compilers
+that don't support `stdint.h` could include `limits.h` instead. If you don't
+want Unity to check this file either, define this to make it skip the inclusion.
+
+_Example:_
+        #define UNITY_EXCLUDE_LIMITS_H
+
+
+##### `UNITY_EXCLUDE_SIZEOF`
+
+The third and final attempt to guess your types is to use the `sizeof()`
+operator. Even if the first two options don't work, this one covers most cases.
+There _is_ a rare compiler or two out there that doesn't support sizeof() in the
+preprocessing stage, though. For these, you have the ability to disable this
+feature as well.
+
+_Example:_
+        #define UNITY_EXCLUDE_SIZEOF
+
+If you've disabled all of the automatic options above, you're going to have to
+do the configuration yourself. Don't worry. Even this isn't too bad... there are
+just a handful of defines that you are going to specify if you don't like the
+defaults.
+
+
+##### `UNITY_INT_WIDTH`
+
+Define this to be the number of bits an `int` takes up on your system. The
+default, if not autodetected, is 32 bits.
+
+_Example:_
+        #define UNITY_INT_WIDTH 16
+
+
+##### `UNITY_LONG_WIDTH`
+
+Define this to be the number of bits a `long` takes up on your system. The
+default, if not autodetected, is 32 bits. This is used to figure out what kind
+of 64-bit support your system can handle. Does it need to specify a `long` or a
+`long long` to get a 64-bit value. On 16-bit systems, this option is going to be
+ignored.
+
+_Example:_
+        #define UNITY_LONG_WIDTH 16
+
+
+##### `UNITY_POINTER_WIDTH`
+
+Define this to be the number of bits a pointer takes up on your system. The
+default, if not autodetected, is 32-bits. If you're getting ugly compiler
+warnings about casting from pointers, this is the one to look at.
+
+_Example:_
+        #define UNITY_POINTER_WIDTH 64
+
+
+##### `UNITY_INCLUDE_64`
+
+Unity will automatically include 64-bit support if it auto-detects it, or if
+your `int`, `long`, or pointer widths are greater than 32-bits. Define this to
+enable 64-bit support if none of the other options already did it for you. There
+can be a significant size and speed impact to enabling 64-bit support on small
+targets, so don't define it if you don't need it.
+
+_Example:_
+        #define UNITY_INCLUDE_64
+
+
+### Floating Point Types
+
+In the embedded world, it's not uncommon for targets to have no support for
+floating point operations at all or to have support that is limited to only
+single precision. We are able to guess integer sizes on the fly because integers
+are always available in at least one size. Floating point, on the other hand, is
+sometimes not available at all. Trying to include `float.h` on these platforms
+would result in an error. This leaves manual configuration as the only option.
+
+
+##### `UNITY_INCLUDE_FLOAT`
+
+##### `UNITY_EXCLUDE_FLOAT`
+
+##### `UNITY_INCLUDE_DOUBLE`
+
+##### `UNITY_EXCLUDE_DOUBLE`
+
+By default, Unity guesses that you will want single precision floating point
+support, but not double precision. It's easy to change either of these using the
+include and exclude options here. You may include neither, either, or both, as
+suits your needs. For features that are enabled, the following floating point
+options also become available.
+
+_Example:_
+
+        //what manner of strange processor is this?
+        #define UNITY_EXCLUDE_FLOAT
+        #define UNITY_INCLUDE_DOUBLE
+
+
+##### `UNITY_FLOAT_VERBOSE`
+
+##### `UNITY_DOUBLE_VERBOSE`
+
+Unity aims for as small of a footprint as possible and avoids most standard
+library calls (some embedded platforms don't have a standard library!). Because
+of this, its routines for printing integer values are minimalist and hand-coded.
+To keep Unity universal, though, we chose to _not_ develop our own floating
+point print routines. Instead, the display of floating point values during a
+failure are optional. By default, Unity will not print the actual results of
+floating point assertion failure. So a failed assertion will produce a message
+like `"Values Not Within Delta"`. If you would like verbose failure messages for
+floating point assertions, use these options to give more explicit failure
+messages (e.g. `"Expected 4.56 Was 4.68"`). Note that this feature requires the
+use of `sprintf` so might not be desirable in all cases.
+
+_Example:_
+        #define UNITY_DOUBLE_VERBOSE
+
+
+##### `UNITY_FLOAT_TYPE`
+
+If enabled, Unity assumes you want your `FLOAT` asserts to compare standard C
+floats. If your compiler supports a specialty floating point type, you can
+always override this behavior by using this definition.
+
+_Example:_
+        #define UNITY_FLOAT_TYPE float16_t
+
+
+##### `UNITY_DOUBLE_TYPE`
+
+If enabled, Unity assumes you want your `DOUBLE` asserts to compare standard C
+doubles. If you would like to change this, you can specify something else by
+using this option. For example, defining `UNITY_DOUBLE_TYPE` to `long double`
+could enable gargantuan floating point types on your 64-bit processor instead of
+the standard `double`.
+
+_Example:_
+        #define UNITY_DOUBLE_TYPE long double
+
+
+##### `UNITY_FLOAT_PRECISION`
+
+##### `UNITY_DOUBLE_PRECISION`
+
+If you look up `UNITY_ASSERT_EQUAL_FLOAT` and `UNITY_ASSERT_EQUAL_DOUBLE` as
+documented in the big daddy Unity Assertion Guide, you will learn that they are
+not really asserting that two values are equal but rather that two values are
+"close enough" to equal. "Close enough" is controlled by these precision
+configuration options. If you are working with 32-bit floats and/or 64-bit
+doubles (the normal on most processors), you should have no need to change these
+options. They are both set to give you approximately 1 significant bit in either
+direction. The float precision is 0.00001 while the double is 10-12.
+For further details on how this works, see the appendix of the Unity Assertion
+Guide.
+
+_Example:_
+        #define UNITY_FLOAT_PRECISION 0.001f
+
+
+### Toolset Customization
+
+In addition to the options listed above, there are a number of other options
+which will come in handy to customize Unity's behavior for your specific
+toolchain. It is possible that you may not need to touch any of these... but
+certain platforms, particularly those running in simulators, may need to jump
+through extra hoops to operate properly. These macros will help in those
+situations.
+
+
+##### `UNITY_OUTPUT_CHAR(a)`
+
+##### `UNITY_OUTPUT_FLUSH()`
+
+##### `UNITY_OUTPUT_START()`
+
+##### `UNITY_OUTPUT_COMPLETE()`
+
+By default, Unity prints its results to `stdout` as it runs. This works
+perfectly fine in most situations where you are using a native compiler for
+testing. It works on some simulators as well so long as they have `stdout`
+routed back to the command line. There are times, however, where the simulator
+will lack support for dumping results or you will want to route results
+elsewhere for other reasons. In these cases, you should define the
+`UNITY_OUTPUT_CHAR` macro. This macro accepts a single character at a time (as
+an `int`, since this is the parameter type of the standard C `putchar` function
+most commonly used). You may replace this with whatever function call you like.
+
+_Example:_
+Say you are forced to run your test suite on an embedded processor with no
+`stdout` option. You decide to route your test result output to a custom serial
+`RS232_putc()` function you wrote like thus:
+
+        #define UNITY_OUTPUT_CHAR(a) RS232_putc(a)
+        #define UNITY_OUTPUT_START() RS232_config(115200,1,8,0)
+        #define UNITY_OUTPUT_FLUSH() RS232_flush()
+        #define UNITY_OUTPUT_COMPLETE() RS232_close()
+
+_Note:_
+`UNITY_OUTPUT_FLUSH()` can be set to the standard out flush function simply by
+specifying `UNITY_USE_FLUSH_STDOUT`. No other defines are required. If you
+specify a custom flush function instead with `UNITY_OUTPUT_FLUSH` directly, it
+will declare an instance of your function by default. If you want to disable
+this behavior, add `UNITY_OMIT_OUTPUT_FLUSH_HEADER_DECLARATION`.
+
+
+##### `UNITY_SUPPORT_WEAK`
+
+For some targets, Unity can make the otherwise required `setUp()` and
+`tearDown()` functions optional. This is a nice convenience for test writers
+since `setUp` and `tearDown` don't often actually _do_ anything. If you're using
+gcc or clang, this option is automatically defined for you. Other compilers can
+also support this behavior, if they support a C feature called weak functions. A
+weak function is a function that is compiled into your executable _unless_ a
+non-weak version of the same function is defined elsewhere. If a non-weak
+version is found, the weak version is ignored as if it never existed. If your
+compiler supports this feature, you can let Unity know by defining
+`UNITY_SUPPORT_WEAK` as the function attributes that would need to be applied to
+identify a function as weak. If your compiler lacks support for weak functions,
+you will always need to define `setUp` and `tearDown` functions (though they can
+be and often will be just empty). The most common options for this feature are:
+
+_Example:_
+        #define UNITY_SUPPORT_WEAK weak
+        #define UNITY_SUPPORT_WEAK __attribute__((weak))
+
+
+##### `UNITY_PTR_ATTRIBUTE`
+
+Some compilers require a custom attribute to be assigned to pointers, like
+`near` or `far`. In these cases, you can give Unity a safe default for these by
+defining this option with the attribute you would like.
+
+_Example:_
+        #define UNITY_PTR_ATTRIBUTE __attribute__((far))
+        #define UNITY_PTR_ATTRIBUTE near
+
+
+## Getting Into The Guts
+
+There will be cases where the options above aren't quite going to get everything
+perfect. They are likely sufficient for any situation where you are compiling
+and executing your tests with a native toolchain (e.g. clang on Mac). These
+options may even get you through the majority of cases encountered in working
+with a target simulator run from your local command line. But especially if you
+must run your test suite on your target hardware, your Unity configuration will
+require special help. This special help will usually reside in one of two
+places: the `main()` function or the `RUN_TEST` macro. Let's look at how these
+work.
+
+
+##### `main()`
+
+Each test module is compiled and run on its own, separate from the other test
+files in your project. Each test file, therefore, has a `main` function. This
+`main` function will need to contain whatever code is necessary to initialize
+your system to a workable state. This is particularly true for situations where
+you must set up a memory map or initialize a communication channel for the
+output of your test results.
+
+A simple main function looks something like this:
+
+        int main(void) {
+            UNITY_BEGIN();
+            RUN_TEST(test_TheFirst);
+            RUN_TEST(test_TheSecond);
+            RUN_TEST(test_TheThird);
+            return UNITY_END();
+        }
+
+You can see that our main function doesn't bother taking any arguments. For our
+most barebones case, we'll never have arguments because we just run all the
+tests each time. Instead, we start by calling `UNITY_BEGIN`. We run each test
+(in whatever order we wish). Finally, we call `UNITY_END`, returning its return
+value (which is the total number of failures).
+
+It should be easy to see that you can add code before any test cases are run or
+after all the test cases have completed. This allows you to do any needed
+system-wide setup or teardown that might be required for your special
+circumstances.
+
+
+##### `RUN_TEST`
+
+The `RUN_TEST` macro is called with each test case function. Its job is to
+perform whatever setup and teardown is necessary for executing a single test
+case function. This includes catching failures, calling the test module's
+`setUp()` and `tearDown()` functions, and calling `UnityConcludeTest()`. If
+using CMock or test coverage, there will be additional stubs in use here. A
+simple minimalist RUN_TEST macro looks something like this:
+
+        #define RUN_TEST(testfunc) \
+            UNITY_NEW_TEST(#testfunc) \
+            if (TEST_PROTECT()) { \
+                setUp(); \
+                testfunc(); \
+            } \
+            if (TEST_PROTECT() && (!TEST_IS_IGNORED)) \
+                tearDown(); \
+            UnityConcludeTest();
+
+So that's quite a macro, huh? It gives you a glimpse of what kind of stuff Unity
+has to deal with for every single test case. For each test case, we declare that
+it is a new test. Then we run `setUp` and our test function. These are run
+within a `TEST_PROTECT` block, the function of which is to handle failures that
+occur during the test. Then, assuming our test is still running and hasn't been
+ignored, we run `tearDown`. No matter what, our last step is to conclude this
+test before moving on to the next.
+
+Let's say you need to add a call to `fsync` to force all of your output data to
+flush to a file after each test. You could easily insert this after your
+`UnityConcludeTest` call. Maybe you want to write an xml tag before and after
+each result set. Again, you could do this by adding lines to this macro. Updates
+to this macro are for the occasions when you need an action before or after
+every single test case throughout your entire suite of tests.
+
+
+## Happy Porting
+
+The defines and macros in this guide should help you port Unity to just about
+any C target we can imagine. If you run into a snag or two, don't be afraid of
+asking for help on the forums. We love a good challenge!
+
+
+*Find The Latest of This And More at [ThrowTheSwitch.org](https://throwtheswitch.org)*

data/vendor/c_exception/vendor/unity/docs/UnityGettingStartedGuide.md

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+# Unity - Getting Started
+
+## Welcome
+
+Congratulations. You're now the proud owner of your very own pile of bits! What
+are you going to do with all these ones and zeros? This document should be able
+to help you decide just that.
+
+Unity is a unit test framework. The goal has been to keep it small and
+functional. The core Unity test framework is three files: a single C file and a
+couple header files. These team up to provide functions and macros to make
+testing easier.
+
+Unity was designed to be cross platform. It works hard to stick with C standards
+while still providing support for the many embedded C compilers that bend the
+rules. Unity has been used with many compilers, including GCC, IAR, Clang,
+Green Hills, Microchip, and MS Visual Studio. It's not much work to get it to
+work with a new target.
+
+
+### Overview of the Documents
+
+#### Unity Assertions reference
+
+This document will guide you through all the assertion options provided by
+Unity. This is going to be your unit testing bread and butter. You'll spend more
+time with assertions than any other part of Unity.
+
+
+#### Unity Assertions Cheat Sheet
+
+This document contains an abridged summary of the assertions described in the
+previous document. It's perfect for printing and referencing while you
+familiarize yourself with Unity's options.
+
+
+#### Unity Configuration Guide
+
+This document is the one to reference when you are going to use Unity with a new
+target or compiler. It'll guide you through the configuration options and will
+help you customize your testing experience to meet your needs.
+
+
+#### Unity Helper Scripts
+
+This document describes the helper scripts that are available for simplifying
+your testing workflow. It describes the collection of optional Ruby scripts
+included in the auto directory of your Unity installation. Neither Ruby nor
+these scripts are necessary for using Unity. They are provided as a convenience
+for those who wish to use them.
+
+
+#### Unity License
+
+What's an open source project without a license file? This brief document
+describes the terms you're agreeing to when you use this software. Basically, we
+want it to be useful to you in whatever context you want to use it, but please
+don't blame us if you run into problems.
+
+
+### Overview of the Folders
+
+If you have obtained Unity through Github or something similar, you might be
+surprised by just how much stuff you suddenly have staring you in the face.
+Don't worry, Unity itself is very small. The rest of it is just there to make
+your life easier. You can ignore it or use it at your convenience. Here's an
+overview of everything in the project.
+
+- `src` - This is the code you care about! This folder contains a C file and two
+header files. These three files _are_ Unity.
+- `docs` - You're reading this document, so it's possible you have found your way
+into this folder already. This is where all the handy documentation can be
+found.
+- `examples` - This contains a few examples of using Unity.
+- `extras` - These are optional add ons to Unity that are not part of the core
+project. If you've reached us through James Grenning's book, you're going to
+want to look here.
+- `test` - This is how Unity and its scripts are all tested. If you're just using
+Unity, you'll likely never need to go in here. If you are the lucky team member
+who gets to port Unity to a new toolchain, this is a good place to verify
+everything is configured properly.
+- `auto` - Here you will find helpful Ruby scripts for simplifying your test
+workflow. They are purely optional and are not required to make use of Unity.
+
+
+## How to Create A Test File
+
+Test files are C files. Most often you will create a single test file for each C
+module that you want to test. The test file should include unity.h and the
+header for your C module to be tested.
+
+Next, a test file will include a `setUp()` and `tearDown()` function. The setUp
+function can contain anything you would like to run before each test. The
+tearDown function can contain anything you would like to run after each test.
+Both functions accept no arguments and return nothing. You may leave either or
+both of these blank if you have no need for them. If you're using a compiler
+that is configured to make these functions optional, you may leave them off
+completely. Not sure? Give it a try. If you compiler complains that it can't
+find setUp or tearDown when it links, you'll know you need to at least include
+an empty function for these.
+
+The majority of the file will be a series of test functions. Test functions
+follow the convention of starting with the word "test" or "spec". You don't HAVE
+to name them this way, but it makes it clear what functions are tests for other
+developers.  Test functions take no arguments and return nothing. All test
+accounting is handled internally in Unity.
+
+Finally, at the bottom of your test file, you will write a `main()` function.
+This function will call `UNITY_BEGIN()`, then `RUN_TEST` for each test, and
+finally `UNITY_END()`.This is what will actually trigger each of those test
+functions to run, so it is important that each function gets its own `RUN_TEST`
+call.
+
+Remembering to add each test to the main function can get to be tedious. If you
+enjoy using helper scripts in your build process, you might consider making use
+of our handy generate_test_runner.rb script. This will create the main function
+and all the calls for you, assuming that you have followed the suggested naming
+conventions. In this case, there is no need for you to include the main function
+in your test file at all.
+
+When you're done, your test file will look something like this:
+
+```C
+#include "unity.h"
+#include "file_to_test.h"
+
+void setUp(void) {
+    // set stuff up here
+}
+
+void tearDown(void) {
+    // clean stuff up here
+}
+
+void test_function_should_doBlahAndBlah(void) {
+    //test stuff
+}
+
+void test_function_should_doAlsoDoBlah(void) {
+    //more test stuff
+}
+
+int main(void) {
+    UNITY_BEGIN();
+    RUN_TEST(test_function_should_doBlahAndBlah);
+    RUN_TEST(test_function_should_doAlsoDoBlah);
+    return UNITY_END();
+}
+```
+
+It's possible that you will require more customization than this, eventually.
+For that sort of thing, you're going to want to look at the configuration guide.
+This should be enough to get you going, though.
+
+
+## How to Build and Run A Test File
+
+This is the single biggest challenge to picking up a new unit testing framework,
+at least in a language like C or C++. These languages are REALLY good at getting
+you "close to the metal" (why is the phrase metal? Wouldn't it be more accurate
+to say "close to the silicon"?). While this feature is usually a good thing, it
+can make testing more challenging.
+
+You have two really good options for toolchains. Depending on where you're
+coming from, it might surprise you that neither of these options is running the
+unit tests on your hardware.
+There are many reasons for this, but here's a short version:
+- On hardware, you have too many constraints (processing power, memory, etc),
+- On hardware, you don't have complete control over all registers,
+- On hardware, unit testing is more challenging,
+- Unit testing isn't System testing. Keep them separate.
+
+Instead of running your tests on your actual hardware, most developers choose to
+develop them as native applications (using gcc or MSVC for example) or as
+applications running on a simulator. Either is a good option. Native apps have
+the advantages of being faster and easier to set up. Simulator apps have the
+advantage of working with the same compiler as your target application. The
+options for configuring these are discussed in the configuration guide.
+
+To get either to work, you might need to make a few changes to the file
+containing your register set (discussed later).
+
+In either case, a test is built by linking unity, the test file, and the C
+file(s) being tested. These files create an executable which can be run as the
+test set for that module. Then, this process is repeated for the next test file.
+This flexibility of separating tests into individual executables allows us to
+much more thoroughly unit test our system and it keeps all the test code out of
+our final release!
+
+
+*Find The Latest of This And More at [ThrowTheSwitch.org](https://throwtheswitch.org)*