activerecord 6.1.7 → 7.1.0

data/lib/active_record/railties/job_runtime.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "active_record/runtime_registry"
+
+module ActiveRecord
+  module Railties # :nodoc:
+    module JobRuntime # :nodoc:
+      private
+        def instrument(operation, payload = {}, &block)
+          if operation == :perform && block
+            super(operation, payload) do
+              db_runtime_before_perform = ActiveRecord::RuntimeRegistry.sql_runtime
+              result = block.call
+              payload[:db_runtime] = ActiveRecord::RuntimeRegistry.sql_runtime - db_runtime_before_perform
+              result
+            end
+          else
+            super
+          end
+        end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/active_record/readonly_attributes.rb

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 module ActiveRecord
+  class ReadonlyAttributeError < ActiveRecordError
+  end
+
   module ReadonlyAttributes
     extend ActiveSupport::Concern
 
@@ -9,10 +12,27 @@ module ActiveRecord
     end
 
     module ClassMethods
-      # Attributes listed as readonly will be used to create a new record but update operations will
-      # ignore these fields.
+      # Attributes listed as readonly will be used to create a new record.
+      # Assigning a new value to a readonly attribute on a persisted record raises an error.
+      #
+      # By setting +config.active_record.raise_on_assign_to_attr_readonly+ to +false+, it will
+      # not raise. The value will change in memory, but will not be persisted on +save+.
+      #
+      # ==== Examples
+      #
+      #   class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
+      #     attr_readonly :title
+      #   end
+      #
+      #   post = Post.create!(title: "Introducing Ruby on Rails!")
+      #   post.title = "a different title" # raises ActiveRecord::ReadonlyAttributeError
+      #   post.update(title: "a different title") # raises ActiveRecord::ReadonlyAttributeError
       def attr_readonly(*attributes)
-        self._attr_readonly = Set.new(attributes.map(&:to_s)) + (_attr_readonly || [])
+        self._attr_readonly |= attributes.map(&:to_s)
+
+        if ActiveRecord.raise_on_assign_to_attr_readonly
+          include(HasReadonlyAttributes)
+        end
       end
 
       # Returns an array of all the attributes that have been specified as readonly.
@@ -24,5 +44,23 @@ module ActiveRecord
         _attr_readonly.include?(name)
       end
     end
+
+    module HasReadonlyAttributes # :nodoc:
+      def write_attribute(attr_name, value)
+        if !new_record? && self.class.readonly_attribute?(attr_name.to_s)
+          raise ReadonlyAttributeError.new(attr_name)
+        end
+
+        super
+      end
+
+      def _write_attribute(attr_name, value)
+        if !new_record? && self.class.readonly_attribute?(attr_name.to_s)
+          raise ReadonlyAttributeError.new(attr_name)
+        end
+
+        super
+      end
+    end
   end
 end

data/lib/active_record/reflection.rb

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
     included do
       class_attribute :_reflections, instance_writer: false, default: {}
       class_attribute :aggregate_reflections, instance_writer: false, default: {}
+      class_attribute :automatic_scope_inversing, instance_writer: false, default: false
     end
 
     class << self
@@ -45,6 +46,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
     end
 
+    # = Active Record Reflection
+    #
     # \Reflection enables the ability to examine the associations and aggregations of
     # Active Record classes and objects. This information, for example,
     # can be used in a form builder that takes an Active Record object
@@ -115,7 +118,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
         reflections[association.to_s]
       end
 
-      def _reflect_on_association(association) #:nodoc:
+      def _reflect_on_association(association) # :nodoc:
         _reflections[association.to_s]
       end
 
@@ -127,6 +130,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
       def clear_reflections_cache # :nodoc:
         @__reflections = nil
       end
+
+      private
+        def inherited(subclass)
+          super
+          subclass.class_eval do
+            @__reflections = nil
+          end
+        end
     end
 
     # Holds all the methods that are shared between MacroReflection and ThroughReflection.
@@ -143,6 +154,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
     #     PolymorphicReflection
     #     RuntimeReflection
     class AbstractReflection # :nodoc:
+      def initialize
+        @class_name = nil
+        @counter_cache_column = nil
+        @inverse_of = nil
+        @inverse_which_updates_counter_cache_defined = false
+        @inverse_which_updates_counter_cache = nil
+      end
+
       def through_reflection?
         false
       end
@@ -182,10 +201,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
         scope_chain_items.inject(klass_scope, &:merge!)
 
-        primary_key = join_primary_key
-        foreign_key = join_foreign_key
+        primary_key_column_names = Array(join_primary_key)
+        foreign_key_column_names = Array(join_foreign_key)
 
-        klass_scope.where!(table[primary_key].eq(foreign_table[foreign_key]))
+        primary_foreign_key_pairs = primary_key_column_names.zip(foreign_key_column_names)
+
+        primary_foreign_key_pairs.each do |primary_key_column_name, foreign_key_column_name|
+          klass_scope.where!(table[primary_key_column_name].eq(foreign_table[foreign_key_column_name]))
+        end
 
         if klass.finder_needs_type_condition?
           klass_scope.where!(klass.send(:type_condition, table))
@@ -194,9 +217,9 @@ module ActiveRecord
         klass_scope
       end
 
-      def join_scopes(table, predicate_builder, klass = self.klass) # :nodoc:
+      def join_scopes(table, predicate_builder, klass = self.klass, record = nil) # :nodoc:
         if scope
-          [scope_for(build_scope(table, predicate_builder, klass))]
+          [scope_for(build_scope(table, predicate_builder, klass), record)]
         else
           []
         end
@@ -230,14 +253,17 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       def check_validity_of_inverse!
-        unless polymorphic?
-          if has_inverse? && inverse_of.nil?
+        if !polymorphic? && has_inverse?
+          if inverse_of.nil?
             raise InverseOfAssociationNotFoundError.new(self)
           end
+          if inverse_of == self
+            raise InverseOfAssociationRecursiveError.new(self)
+          end
         end
       end
 
-      # This shit is nasty. We need to avoid the following situation:
+      # We need to avoid the following situation:
       #
       #   * An associated record is deleted via record.destroy
       #   * Hence the callbacks run, and they find a belongs_to on the record with a
@@ -248,10 +274,16 @@ module ActiveRecord
       #
       # Hence this method.
       def inverse_which_updates_counter_cache
-        return @inverse_which_updates_counter_cache if defined?(@inverse_which_updates_counter_cache)
-        @inverse_which_updates_counter_cache = klass.reflect_on_all_associations(:belongs_to).find do |inverse|
-          inverse.counter_cache_column == counter_cache_column
+        unless @inverse_which_updates_counter_cache_defined
+          if counter_cache_column
+            inverse_candidates = inverse_of ? [inverse_of] : klass.reflect_on_all_associations(:belongs_to)
+            @inverse_which_updates_counter_cache = inverse_candidates.find do |inverse|
+              inverse.counter_cache_column == counter_cache_column && (inverse.polymorphic? || inverse.klass == active_record)
+            end
+          end
+          @inverse_which_updates_counter_cache_defined = true
         end
+        @inverse_which_updates_counter_cache
       end
       alias inverse_updates_counter_cache? inverse_which_updates_counter_cache
 
@@ -293,6 +325,12 @@ module ActiveRecord
         options[:strict_loading]
       end
 
+      def strict_loading_violation_message(owner)
+        message = +"`#{owner}` is marked for strict_loading."
+        message << " The #{polymorphic? ? "polymorphic association" : "#{klass} association"}"
+        message << " named `:#{name}` cannot be lazily loaded."
+      end
+
       protected
         def actual_source_reflection # FIXME: this is a horrible name
           self
@@ -306,6 +344,12 @@ module ActiveRecord
         def primary_key(klass)
           klass.primary_key || raise(UnknownPrimaryKey.new(klass))
         end
+
+        def ensure_option_not_given_as_class!(option_name)
+          if options[option_name] && options[option_name].class == Class
+            raise ArgumentError, "A class was passed to `:#{option_name}` but we are expecting a string."
+          end
+        end
     end
 
     # Base class for AggregateReflection and AssociationReflection. Objects of
@@ -330,6 +374,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       attr_reader :plural_name # :nodoc:
 
       def initialize(name, scope, options, active_record)
+        super()
         @name          = name
         @scope         = scope
         @options       = options
@@ -392,7 +437,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
     # Holds all the metadata about an aggregation as it was specified in the
     # Active Record class.
-    class AggregateReflection < MacroReflection #:nodoc:
+    class AggregateReflection < MacroReflection # :nodoc:
       def mapping
         mapping = options[:mapping] || [name, name]
         mapping.first.is_a?(Array) ? mapping : [mapping]
@@ -401,12 +446,29 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
     # Holds all the metadata about an association as it was specified in the
     # Active Record class.
-    class AssociationReflection < MacroReflection #:nodoc:
+    class AssociationReflection < MacroReflection # :nodoc:
       def compute_class(name)
         if polymorphic?
           raise ArgumentError, "Polymorphic associations do not support computing the class."
         end
-        active_record.send(:compute_type, name)
+
+        begin
+          klass = active_record.send(:compute_type, name)
+        rescue NameError => error
+          if error.name.match?(/(?:\A|::)#{name}\z/)
+            message = "Missing model class #{name} for the #{active_record}##{self.name} association."
+            message += " You can specify a different model class with the :class_name option." unless options[:class_name]
+            raise NameError.new(message, name)
+          else
+            raise
+          end
+        end
+
+        unless klass < ActiveRecord::Base
+          raise ArgumentError, "The #{name} model class for the #{active_record}##{self.name} association is not an ActiveRecord::Base subclass."
+        end
+
+        klass
       end
 
       attr_reader :type, :foreign_type
@@ -416,11 +478,12 @@ module ActiveRecord
         super
         @type = -(options[:foreign_type]&.to_s || "#{options[:as]}_type") if options[:as]
         @foreign_type = -(options[:foreign_type]&.to_s || "#{name}_type") if options[:polymorphic]
-        @constructable = calculate_constructable(macro, options)
+        @join_table = nil
+        @foreign_key = nil
+        @association_foreign_key = nil
+        @association_primary_key = nil
 
-        if options[:class_name] && options[:class_name].class == Class
-          raise ArgumentError, "A class was passed to `:class_name` but we are expecting a string."
-        end
+        ensure_option_not_given_as_class!(:class_name)
       end
 
       def association_scope_cache(klass, owner, &block)
@@ -431,16 +494,24 @@ module ActiveRecord
         klass.cached_find_by_statement(key, &block)
       end
 
-      def constructable? # :nodoc:
-        @constructable
-      end
-
       def join_table
         @join_table ||= -(options[:join_table]&.to_s || derive_join_table)
       end
 
-      def foreign_key
-        @foreign_key ||= -(options[:foreign_key]&.to_s || derive_foreign_key)
+      def foreign_key(infer_from_inverse_of: true)
+        @foreign_key ||= if options[:query_constraints]
+          options[:query_constraints].map { |fk| fk.to_s.freeze }.freeze
+        elsif options[:foreign_key]
+          options[:foreign_key].to_s
+        else
+          derived_fk = derive_foreign_key(infer_from_inverse_of: infer_from_inverse_of)
+
+          if active_record.has_query_constraints?
+            derived_fk = derive_fk_query_constraints(derived_fk)
+          end
+
+          derived_fk
+        end
       end
 
       def association_foreign_key
@@ -452,36 +523,62 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       def active_record_primary_key
-        @active_record_primary_key ||= -(options[:primary_key]&.to_s || primary_key(active_record))
+        custom_primary_key = options[:primary_key]
+        @active_record_primary_key ||= if custom_primary_key
+          if custom_primary_key.is_a?(Array)
+            custom_primary_key.map { |pk| pk.to_s.freeze }.freeze
+          else
+            custom_primary_key.to_s.freeze
+          end
+        elsif active_record.has_query_constraints? || options[:query_constraints]
+          active_record.query_constraints_list
+        elsif active_record.composite_primary_key?
+          # If active_record has composite primary key of shape [:<tenant_key>, :id], infer primary_key as :id
+          primary_key = primary_key(active_record)
+          primary_key.include?("id") ? "id" : primary_key.freeze
+        else
+          primary_key(active_record).freeze
+        end
       end
 
       def join_primary_key(klass = nil)
         foreign_key
       end
 
+      def join_primary_type
+        type
+      end
+
       def join_foreign_key
         active_record_primary_key
       end
 
       def check_validity!
         check_validity_of_inverse!
+
+        if !polymorphic? && (klass.composite_primary_key? || active_record.composite_primary_key?)
+          if (has_one? || collection?) && Array(active_record_primary_key).length != Array(foreign_key).length
+            raise CompositePrimaryKeyMismatchError.new(self)
+          elsif belongs_to? && Array(association_primary_key).length != Array(foreign_key).length
+            raise CompositePrimaryKeyMismatchError.new(self)
+          end
+        end
       end
 
-      def check_preloadable!
+      def check_eager_loadable!
         return unless scope
 
         unless scope.arity == 0
           raise ArgumentError, <<-MSG.squish
             The association scope '#{name}' is instance dependent (the scope
-            block takes an argument). Preloading instance dependent scopes is
-            not supported.
+            block takes an argument). Eager loading instance dependent scopes
+            is not supported.
           MSG
         end
       end
-      alias :check_eager_loadable! :check_preloadable!
 
       def join_id_for(owner) # :nodoc:
-        owner[join_foreign_key]
+        Array(join_foreign_key).map { |key| owner._read_attribute(key) }
       end
 
       def through_reflection
@@ -563,8 +660,9 @@ module ActiveRecord
         options[:polymorphic]
       end
 
-      VALID_AUTOMATIC_INVERSE_MACROS = [:has_many, :has_one, :belongs_to]
-      INVALID_AUTOMATIC_INVERSE_OPTIONS = [:through, :foreign_key]
+      def polymorphic_name
+        active_record.polymorphic_name
+      end
 
       def add_as_source(seed)
         seed
@@ -583,10 +681,6 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       private
-        def calculate_constructable(macro, options)
-          true
-        end
-
         # Attempts to find the inverse association name automatically.
         # If it cannot find a suitable inverse association name, it returns
         # +nil+.
@@ -605,7 +699,9 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
             begin
               reflection = klass._reflect_on_association(inverse_name)
-            rescue NameError
+            rescue NameError => error
+              raise unless error.name.to_s == class_name
+
               # Give up: we couldn't compute the klass type so we won't be able
               # to find any associations either.
               reflection = false
@@ -623,9 +719,10 @@ module ActiveRecord
         # with the current reflection's klass name.
         def valid_inverse_reflection?(reflection)
           reflection &&
+            reflection != self &&
             foreign_key == reflection.foreign_key &&
             klass <= reflection.active_record &&
-            can_find_inverse_of_automatically?(reflection)
+            can_find_inverse_of_automatically?(reflection, true)
         end
 
         # Checks to see if the reflection doesn't have any options that prevent
@@ -634,14 +731,25 @@ module ActiveRecord
         # have <tt>has_many</tt>, <tt>has_one</tt>, <tt>belongs_to</tt> associations.
         # Third, we must not have options such as <tt>:foreign_key</tt>
         # which prevent us from correctly guessing the inverse association.
-        #
-        # Anything with a scope can additionally ruin our attempt at finding an
-        # inverse, so we exclude reflections with scopes.
-        def can_find_inverse_of_automatically?(reflection)
+        def can_find_inverse_of_automatically?(reflection, inverse_reflection = false)
           reflection.options[:inverse_of] != false &&
-            VALID_AUTOMATIC_INVERSE_MACROS.include?(reflection.macro) &&
-            !INVALID_AUTOMATIC_INVERSE_OPTIONS.any? { |opt| reflection.options[opt] } &&
+            !reflection.options[:through] &&
+            !reflection.options[:foreign_key] &&
+            scope_allows_automatic_inverse_of?(reflection, inverse_reflection)
+        end
+
+        # Scopes on the potential inverse reflection prevent automatic
+        # <tt>inverse_of</tt>, since the scope could exclude the owner record
+        # we would inverse from. Scopes on the reflection itself allow for
+        # automatic <tt>inverse_of</tt> as long as
+        # <tt>config.active_record.automatic_scope_inversing<tt> is set to
+        # +true+ (the default for new applications).
+        def scope_allows_automatic_inverse_of?(reflection, inverse_reflection)
+          if inverse_reflection
             !reflection.scope
+          else
+            !reflection.scope || reflection.klass.automatic_scope_inversing
+          end
         end
 
         def derive_class_name
@@ -650,13 +758,53 @@ module ActiveRecord
           class_name.camelize
         end
 
-        def derive_foreign_key
+        def derive_foreign_key(infer_from_inverse_of: true)
           if belongs_to?
             "#{name}_id"
           elsif options[:as]
             "#{options[:as]}_id"
+          elsif options[:inverse_of] && infer_from_inverse_of
+            inverse_of.foreign_key(infer_from_inverse_of: false)
           else
-            active_record.name.foreign_key
+            active_record.model_name.to_s.foreign_key
+          end
+        end
+
+        def derive_fk_query_constraints(foreign_key)
+          primary_query_constraints = active_record.query_constraints_list
+          owner_pk = active_record.primary_key
+
+          if primary_query_constraints.size != 2
+            raise ArgumentError, <<~MSG.squish
+              The query constraints list on the `#{active_record}` model has more than 2
+              attributes. Active Record is unable to derive the query constraints
+              for the association. You need to explicitly define the query constraints
+              for this association.
+            MSG
+          end
+
+          if !primary_query_constraints.include?(owner_pk)
+            raise ArgumentError, <<~MSG.squish
+              The query constraints on the `#{active_record}` model does not include the primary
+              key so Active Record is unable to derive the foreign key constraints for
+              the association. You need to explicitly define the query constraints for this
+              association.
+            MSG
+          end
+
+          first_key, last_key = primary_query_constraints
+
+          if first_key == owner_pk
+            [foreign_key, last_key.to_s]
+          elsif last_key == owner_pk
+            [first_key.to_s, foreign_key]
+          else
+            raise ArgumentError, <<~MSG.squish
+              Active Record couldn't correctly interpret the query constraints
+              for the `#{active_record}` model. The query constraints on `#{active_record}` are
+              `#{primary_query_constraints}` and the foreign key is `#{foreign_key}`.
+              You need to explicitly set the query constraints for this association.
+            MSG
           end
         end
 
@@ -691,11 +839,6 @@ module ActiveRecord
           Associations::HasOneAssociation
         end
       end
-
-      private
-        def calculate_constructable(macro, options)
-          !options[:through]
-        end
     end
 
     class BelongsToReflection < AssociationReflection # :nodoc:
@@ -715,6 +858,12 @@ module ActiveRecord
       def association_primary_key(klass = nil)
         if primary_key = options[:primary_key]
           @association_primary_key ||= -primary_key.to_s
+        elsif !polymorphic? && ((klass || self.klass).has_query_constraints? || options[:query_constraints])
+          (klass || self.klass).composite_query_constraints_list
+        elsif (klass || self.klass).composite_primary_key?
+          # If klass has composite primary key of shape [:<tenant_key>, :id], infer primary_key as :id
+          primary_key = (klass || self.klass).primary_key
+          primary_key.include?("id") ? "id" : primary_key
         else
           primary_key(klass || self.klass)
         end
@@ -733,13 +882,9 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       private
-        def can_find_inverse_of_automatically?(_)
+        def can_find_inverse_of_automatically?(*)
           !polymorphic? && super
         end
-
-        def calculate_constructable(macro, options)
-          !polymorphic?
-        end
     end
 
     class HasAndBelongsToManyReflection < AssociationReflection # :nodoc:
@@ -752,14 +897,17 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
     # Holds all the metadata about a :through association as it was specified
     # in the Active Record class.
-    class ThroughReflection < AbstractReflection #:nodoc:
+    class ThroughReflection < AbstractReflection # :nodoc:
       delegate :foreign_key, :foreign_type, :association_foreign_key, :join_id_for, :type,
                :active_record_primary_key, :join_foreign_key, to: :source_reflection
 
       def initialize(delegate_reflection)
+        super()
         @delegate_reflection = delegate_reflection
         @klass = delegate_reflection.options[:anonymous_class]
         @source_reflection_name = delegate_reflection.options[:source]
+
+        ensure_option_not_given_as_class!(:source_type)
       end
 
       def through_reflection?
@@ -840,8 +988,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
         source_reflection.scopes + super
       end
 
-      def join_scopes(table, predicate_builder, klass = self.klass) # :nodoc:
-        source_reflection.join_scopes(table, predicate_builder, klass) + super
+      def join_scopes(table, predicate_builder, klass = self.klass, record = nil) # :nodoc:
+        source_reflection.join_scopes(table, predicate_builder, klass, record) + super
       end
 
       def has_scope?
@@ -888,24 +1036,23 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       def source_reflection_name # :nodoc:
-        return @source_reflection_name if @source_reflection_name
-
-        names = [name.to_s.singularize, name].collect(&:to_sym).uniq
-        names = names.find_all { |n|
-          through_reflection.klass._reflect_on_association(n)
-        }
-
-        if names.length > 1
-          raise AmbiguousSourceReflectionForThroughAssociation.new(
-            active_record.name,
-            macro,
-            name,
-            options,
-            source_reflection_names
-          )
+        @source_reflection_name ||= begin
+          names = [name.to_s.singularize, name].collect(&:to_sym).uniq
+          names = names.find_all { |n|
+            through_reflection.klass._reflect_on_association(n)
+          }
+
+          if names.length > 1
+            raise AmbiguousSourceReflectionForThroughAssociation.new(
+              active_record.name,
+              macro,
+              name,
+              options,
+              source_reflection_names
+            )
+          end
+          names.first
         end
-
-        @source_reflection_name = names.first
       end
 
       def source_options
@@ -1009,13 +1156,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
                :name, :scope_for, to: :@reflection
 
       def initialize(reflection, previous_reflection)
+        super()
         @reflection = reflection
         @previous_reflection = previous_reflection
       end
 
-      def join_scopes(table, predicate_builder, klass = self.klass) # :nodoc:
-        scopes = @previous_reflection.join_scopes(table, predicate_builder) + super
-        scopes << build_scope(table, predicate_builder, klass).instance_exec(nil, &source_type_scope)
+      def join_scopes(table, predicate_builder, klass = self.klass, record = nil) # :nodoc:
+        scopes = @previous_reflection.join_scopes(table, predicate_builder, klass, record) + super
+        scopes << build_scope(table, predicate_builder, klass).instance_exec(record, &source_type_scope)
       end
 
       def constraints
@@ -1034,6 +1182,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       delegate :scope, :type, :constraints, :join_foreign_key, to: :@reflection
 
       def initialize(reflection, association)
+        super()
         @reflection = reflection
         @association = association
       end