activerecord 3.0.0 → 4.0.0

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,782 @@
+require 'arel/visitors/bind_visitor'
+
+module ActiveRecord
+  module ConnectionAdapters
+    class AbstractMysqlAdapter < AbstractAdapter
+      class SchemaCreation < AbstractAdapter::SchemaCreation
+        private
+
+        def visit_AddColumn(o)
+          add_column_position!(super, o)
+        end
+
+        def add_column_position!(sql, column)
+          if column.first
+            sql << " FIRST"
+          elsif column.after
+            sql << " AFTER #{quote_column_name(column.after)}"
+          end
+          sql
+        end
+      end
+
+      def schema_creation
+        SchemaCreation.new self
+      end
+
+      class Column < ConnectionAdapters::Column # :nodoc:
+        attr_reader :collation, :strict, :extra
+
+        def initialize(name, default, sql_type = nil, null = true, collation = nil, strict = false, extra = "")
+          @strict    = strict
+          @collation = collation
+          @extra     = extra
+          super(name, default, sql_type, null)
+        end
+
+        def extract_default(default)
+          if blob_or_text_column?
+            if default.blank?
+              null || strict ? nil : ''
+            else
+              raise ArgumentError, "#{type} columns cannot have a default value: #{default.inspect}"
+            end
+          elsif missing_default_forged_as_empty_string?(default)
+            nil
+          else
+            super
+          end
+        end
+
+        def has_default?
+          return false if blob_or_text_column? #mysql forbids defaults on blob and text columns
+          super
+        end
+
+        def blob_or_text_column?
+          sql_type =~ /blob/i || type == :text
+        end
+
+        # Must return the relevant concrete adapter
+        def adapter
+          raise NotImplementedError
+        end
+
+        def case_sensitive?
+          collation && !collation.match(/_ci$/)
+        end
+
+        private
+
+        def simplified_type(field_type)
+          return :boolean if adapter.emulate_booleans && field_type.downcase.index("tinyint(1)")
+
+          case field_type
+          when /enum/i, /set/i then :string
+          when /year/i         then :integer
+          when /bit/i          then :binary
+          else
+            super
+          end
+        end
+
+        def extract_limit(sql_type)
+          case sql_type
+          when /^enum\((.+)\)/i
+            $1.split(',').map{|enum| enum.strip.length - 2}.max
+          when /blob|text/i
+            case sql_type
+            when /tiny/i
+              255
+            when /medium/i
+              16777215
+            when /long/i
+              2147483647 # mysql only allows 2^31-1, not 2^32-1, somewhat inconsistently with the tiny/medium/normal cases
+            else
+              super # we could return 65535 here, but we leave it undecorated by default
+            end
+          when /^bigint/i;    8
+          when /^int/i;       4
+          when /^mediumint/i; 3
+          when /^smallint/i;  2
+          when /^tinyint/i;   1
+          else
+            super
+          end
+        end
+
+        # MySQL misreports NOT NULL column default when none is given.
+        # We can't detect this for columns which may have a legitimate ''
+        # default (string) but we can for others (integer, datetime, boolean,
+        # and the rest).
+        #
+        # Test whether the column has default '', is not null, and is not
+        # a type allowing default ''.
+        def missing_default_forged_as_empty_string?(default)
+          type != :string && !null && default == ''
+        end
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # :singleton-method:
+      # By default, the MysqlAdapter will consider all columns of type <tt>tinyint(1)</tt>
+      # as boolean. If you wish to disable this emulation (which was the default
+      # behavior in versions 0.13.1 and earlier) you can add the following line
+      # to your application.rb file:
+      #
+      #   ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::Mysql[2]Adapter.emulate_booleans = false
+      class_attribute :emulate_booleans
+      self.emulate_booleans = true
+
+      LOST_CONNECTION_ERROR_MESSAGES = [
+        "Server shutdown in progress",
+        "Broken pipe",
+        "Lost connection to MySQL server during query",
+        "MySQL server has gone away" ]
+
+      QUOTED_TRUE, QUOTED_FALSE = '1', '0'
+
+      NATIVE_DATABASE_TYPES = {
+        :primary_key => "int(11) DEFAULT NULL auto_increment PRIMARY KEY",
+        :string      => { :name => "varchar", :limit => 255 },
+        :text        => { :name => "text" },
+        :integer     => { :name => "int", :limit => 4 },
+        :float       => { :name => "float" },
+        :decimal     => { :name => "decimal" },
+        :datetime    => { :name => "datetime" },
+        :timestamp   => { :name => "datetime" },
+        :time        => { :name => "time" },
+        :date        => { :name => "date" },
+        :binary      => { :name => "blob" },
+        :boolean     => { :name => "tinyint", :limit => 1 }
+      }
+
+      INDEX_TYPES  = [:fulltext, :spatial]
+      INDEX_USINGS = [:btree, :hash]
+
+      class BindSubstitution < Arel::Visitors::MySQL # :nodoc:
+        include Arel::Visitors::BindVisitor
+      end
+
+      # FIXME: Make the first parameter more similar for the two adapters
+      def initialize(connection, logger, connection_options, config)
+        super(connection, logger)
+        @connection_options, @config = connection_options, config
+        @quoted_column_names, @quoted_table_names = {}, {}
+
+        if self.class.type_cast_config_to_boolean(config.fetch(:prepared_statements) { true })
+          @visitor = Arel::Visitors::MySQL.new self
+        else
+          @visitor = unprepared_visitor
+        end
+      end
+
+      def adapter_name #:nodoc:
+        self.class::ADAPTER_NAME
+      end
+
+      # Returns true, since this connection adapter supports migrations.
+      def supports_migrations?
+        true
+      end
+
+      def supports_primary_key?
+        true
+      end
+
+      # Returns true, since this connection adapter supports savepoints.
+      def supports_savepoints?
+        true
+      end
+
+      def supports_bulk_alter? #:nodoc:
+        true
+      end
+
+      # Technically MySQL allows to create indexes with the sort order syntax
+      # but at the moment (5.5) it doesn't yet implement them
+      def supports_index_sort_order?
+        true
+      end
+
+      # MySQL 4 technically support transaction isolation, but it is affected by a bug
+      # where the transaction level gets persisted for the whole session:
+      #
+      # http://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=39170
+      def supports_transaction_isolation?
+        version[0] >= 5
+      end
+
+      def native_database_types
+        NATIVE_DATABASE_TYPES
+      end
+
+      def index_algorithms
+        { default: 'ALGORITHM = DEFAULT', copy: 'ALGORITHM = COPY', inplace: 'ALGORITHM = INPLACE' }
+      end
+
+      # HELPER METHODS ===========================================
+
+      # The two drivers have slightly different ways of yielding hashes of results, so
+      # this method must be implemented to provide a uniform interface.
+      def each_hash(result) # :nodoc:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+      end
+
+      # Overridden by the adapters to instantiate their specific Column type.
+      def new_column(field, default, type, null, collation, extra = "") # :nodoc:
+        Column.new(field, default, type, null, collation, extra)
+      end
+
+      # Must return the Mysql error number from the exception, if the exception has an
+      # error number.
+      def error_number(exception) # :nodoc:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+      end
+
+      # QUOTING ==================================================
+
+      def quote(value, column = nil)
+        if value.kind_of?(String) && column && column.type == :binary && column.class.respond_to?(:string_to_binary)
+          s = column.class.string_to_binary(value).unpack("H*")[0]
+          "x'#{s}'"
+        elsif value.kind_of?(BigDecimal)
+          value.to_s("F")
+        else
+          super
+        end
+      end
+
+      def quote_column_name(name) #:nodoc:
+        @quoted_column_names[name] ||= "`#{name.to_s.gsub('`', '``')}`"
+      end
+
+      def quote_table_name(name) #:nodoc:
+        @quoted_table_names[name] ||= quote_column_name(name).gsub('.', '`.`')
+      end
+
+      def quoted_true
+        QUOTED_TRUE
+      end
+
+      def quoted_false
+        QUOTED_FALSE
+      end
+
+      # REFERENTIAL INTEGRITY ====================================
+
+      def disable_referential_integrity(&block) #:nodoc:
+        old = select_value("SELECT @@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS")
+
+        begin
+          update("SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0")
+          yield
+        ensure
+          update("SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = #{old}")
+        end
+      end
+
+      # DATABASE STATEMENTS ======================================
+
+      # Executes the SQL statement in the context of this connection.
+      def execute(sql, name = nil)
+        if name == :skip_logging
+          @connection.query(sql)
+        else
+          log(sql, name) { @connection.query(sql) }
+        end
+      rescue ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid => exception
+        if exception.message.split(":").first =~ /Packets out of order/
+          raise ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid.new("'Packets out of order' error was received from the database. Please update your mysql bindings (gem install mysql) and read http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/password-hashing.html for more information. If you're on Windows, use the Instant Rails installer to get the updated mysql bindings.", exception.original_exception)
+        else
+          raise
+        end
+      end
+
+      # MysqlAdapter has to free a result after using it, so we use this method to write
+      # stuff in an abstract way without concerning ourselves about whether it needs to be
+      # explicitly freed or not.
+      def execute_and_free(sql, name = nil) #:nodoc:
+        yield execute(sql, name)
+      end
+
+      def update_sql(sql, name = nil) #:nodoc:
+        super
+        @connection.affected_rows
+      end
+
+      def begin_db_transaction
+        execute "BEGIN"
+      rescue
+        # Transactions aren't supported
+      end
+
+      def begin_isolated_db_transaction(isolation)
+        execute "SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL #{transaction_isolation_levels.fetch(isolation)}"
+        begin_db_transaction
+      rescue
+        # Transactions aren't supported
+      end
+
+      def commit_db_transaction #:nodoc:
+        execute "COMMIT"
+      rescue
+        # Transactions aren't supported
+      end
+
+      def rollback_db_transaction #:nodoc:
+        execute "ROLLBACK"
+      rescue
+        # Transactions aren't supported
+      end
+
+      def create_savepoint
+        execute("SAVEPOINT #{current_savepoint_name}")
+      end
+
+      def rollback_to_savepoint
+        execute("ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT #{current_savepoint_name}")
+      end
+
+      def release_savepoint
+        execute("RELEASE SAVEPOINT #{current_savepoint_name}")
+      end
+
+      # In the simple case, MySQL allows us to place JOINs directly into the UPDATE
+      # query. However, this does not allow for LIMIT, OFFSET and ORDER. To support
+      # these, we must use a subquery.
+      def join_to_update(update, select) #:nodoc:
+        if select.limit || select.offset || select.orders.any?
+          super
+        else
+          update.table select.source
+          update.wheres = select.constraints
+        end
+      end
+
+      def empty_insert_statement_value
+        "VALUES ()"
+      end
+
+      # SCHEMA STATEMENTS ========================================
+
+      # Drops the database specified on the +name+ attribute
+      # and creates it again using the provided +options+.
+      def recreate_database(name, options = {})
+        drop_database(name)
+        sql = create_database(name, options)
+        reconnect!
+        sql
+      end
+
+      # Create a new MySQL database with optional <tt>:charset</tt> and <tt>:collation</tt>.
+      # Charset defaults to utf8.
+      #
+      # Example:
+      #   create_database 'charset_test', charset: 'latin1', collation: 'latin1_bin'
+      #   create_database 'matt_development'
+      #   create_database 'matt_development', charset: :big5
+      def create_database(name, options = {})
+        if options[:collation]
+          execute "CREATE DATABASE `#{name}` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET `#{options[:charset] || 'utf8'}` COLLATE `#{options[:collation]}`"
+        else
+          execute "CREATE DATABASE `#{name}` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET `#{options[:charset] || 'utf8'}`"
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Drops a MySQL database.
+      #
+      # Example:
+      #   drop_database('sebastian_development')
+      def drop_database(name) #:nodoc:
+        execute "DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS `#{name}`"
+      end
+
+      def current_database
+        select_value 'SELECT DATABASE() as db'
+      end
+
+      # Returns the database character set.
+      def charset
+        show_variable 'character_set_database'
+      end
+
+      # Returns the database collation strategy.
+      def collation
+        show_variable 'collation_database'
+      end
+
+      def tables(name = nil, database = nil, like = nil) #:nodoc:
+        sql = "SHOW TABLES "
+        sql << "IN #{quote_table_name(database)} " if database
+        sql << "LIKE #{quote(like)}" if like
+
+        execute_and_free(sql, 'SCHEMA') do |result|
+          result.collect { |field| field.first }
+        end
+      end
+
+      def table_exists?(name)
+        return false unless name
+        return true if tables(nil, nil, name).any?
+
+        name          = name.to_s
+        schema, table = name.split('.', 2)
+
+        unless table # A table was provided without a schema
+          table  = schema
+          schema = nil
+        end
+
+        tables(nil, schema, table).any?
+      end
+
+      # Returns an array of indexes for the given table.
+      def indexes(table_name, name = nil) #:nodoc:
+        indexes = []
+        current_index = nil
+        execute_and_free("SHOW KEYS FROM #{quote_table_name(table_name)}", 'SCHEMA') do |result|
+          each_hash(result) do |row|
+            if current_index != row[:Key_name]
+              next if row[:Key_name] == 'PRIMARY' # skip the primary key
+              current_index = row[:Key_name]
+
+              mysql_index_type = row[:Index_type].downcase.to_sym
+              index_type  = INDEX_TYPES.include?(mysql_index_type)  ? mysql_index_type : nil
+              index_using = INDEX_USINGS.include?(mysql_index_type) ? mysql_index_type : nil
+              indexes << IndexDefinition.new(row[:Table], row[:Key_name], row[:Non_unique].to_i == 0, [], [], nil, nil, index_type, index_using)
+            end
+
+            indexes.last.columns << row[:Column_name]
+            indexes.last.lengths << row[:Sub_part]
+          end
+        end
+
+        indexes
+      end
+
+      # Returns an array of +Column+ objects for the table specified by +table_name+.
+      def columns(table_name)#:nodoc:
+        sql = "SHOW FULL FIELDS FROM #{quote_table_name(table_name)}"
+        execute_and_free(sql, 'SCHEMA') do |result|
+          each_hash(result).map do |field|
+            new_column(field[:Field], field[:Default], field[:Type], field[:Null] == "YES", field[:Collation], field[:Extra])
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def create_table(table_name, options = {}) #:nodoc:
+        super(table_name, options.reverse_merge(:options => "ENGINE=InnoDB"))
+      end
+
+      def bulk_change_table(table_name, operations) #:nodoc:
+        sqls = operations.map do |command, args|
+          table, arguments = args.shift, args
+          method = :"#{command}_sql"
+
+          if respond_to?(method, true)
+            send(method, table, *arguments)
+          else
+            raise "Unknown method called : #{method}(#{arguments.inspect})"
+          end
+        end.flatten.join(", ")
+
+        execute("ALTER TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} #{sqls}")
+      end
+
+      # Renames a table.
+      #
+      # Example:
+      #   rename_table('octopuses', 'octopi')
+      def rename_table(table_name, new_name)
+        execute "RENAME TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} TO #{quote_table_name(new_name)}"
+        rename_table_indexes(table_name, new_name)
+      end
+
+      def change_column_default(table_name, column_name, default)
+        column = column_for(table_name, column_name)
+        change_column table_name, column_name, column.sql_type, :default => default
+      end
+
+      def change_column_null(table_name, column_name, null, default = nil)
+        column = column_for(table_name, column_name)
+
+        unless null || default.nil?
+          execute("UPDATE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} SET #{quote_column_name(column_name)}=#{quote(default)} WHERE #{quote_column_name(column_name)} IS NULL")
+        end
+
+        change_column table_name, column_name, column.sql_type, :null => null
+      end
+
+      def change_column(table_name, column_name, type, options = {}) #:nodoc:
+        execute("ALTER TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} #{change_column_sql(table_name, column_name, type, options)}")
+      end
+
+      def rename_column(table_name, column_name, new_column_name) #:nodoc:
+        execute("ALTER TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} #{rename_column_sql(table_name, column_name, new_column_name)}")
+        rename_column_indexes(table_name, column_name, new_column_name)
+      end
+
+      def add_index(table_name, column_name, options = {}) #:nodoc:
+        index_name, index_type, index_columns, index_options, index_algorithm, index_using = add_index_options(table_name, column_name, options)
+        execute "CREATE #{index_type} INDEX #{quote_column_name(index_name)} #{index_using} ON #{quote_table_name(table_name)} (#{index_columns})#{index_options} #{index_algorithm}"
+      end
+
+      # Maps logical Rails types to MySQL-specific data types.
+      def type_to_sql(type, limit = nil, precision = nil, scale = nil)
+        case type.to_s
+        when 'binary'
+          case limit
+          when 0..0xfff;           "varbinary(#{limit})"
+          when nil;                "blob"
+          when 0x1000..0xffffffff; "blob(#{limit})"
+          else raise(ActiveRecordError, "No binary type has character length #{limit}")
+          end
+        when 'integer'
+          case limit
+          when 1; 'tinyint'
+          when 2; 'smallint'
+          when 3; 'mediumint'
+          when nil, 4, 11; 'int(11)'  # compatibility with MySQL default
+          when 5..8; 'bigint'
+          else raise(ActiveRecordError, "No integer type has byte size #{limit}")
+          end
+        when 'text'
+          case limit
+          when 0..0xff;               'tinytext'
+          when nil, 0x100..0xffff;    'text'
+          when 0x10000..0xffffff;     'mediumtext'
+          when 0x1000000..0xffffffff; 'longtext'
+          else raise(ActiveRecordError, "No text type has character length #{limit}")
+          end
+        else
+          super
+        end
+      end
+
+      def add_column_position!(sql, options)
+        if options[:first]
+          sql << " FIRST"
+        elsif options[:after]
+          sql << " AFTER #{quote_column_name(options[:after])}"
+        end
+      end
+
+      # SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'name'
+      def show_variable(name)
+        variables = select_all("SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '#{name}'", 'SCHEMA')
+        variables.first['Value'] unless variables.empty?
+      end
+
+      # Returns a table's primary key and belonging sequence.
+      def pk_and_sequence_for(table)
+        execute_and_free("SHOW CREATE TABLE #{quote_table_name(table)}", 'SCHEMA') do |result|
+          create_table = each_hash(result).first[:"Create Table"]
+          if create_table.to_s =~ /PRIMARY KEY\s+(?:USING\s+\w+\s+)?\((.+)\)/
+            keys = $1.split(",").map { |key| key.delete('`"') }
+            keys.length == 1 ? [keys.first, nil] : nil
+          else
+            nil
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Returns just a table's primary key
+      def primary_key(table)
+        pk_and_sequence = pk_and_sequence_for(table)
+        pk_and_sequence && pk_and_sequence.first
+      end
+
+      def case_sensitive_modifier(node)
+        Arel::Nodes::Bin.new(node)
+      end
+
+      def case_insensitive_comparison(table, attribute, column, value)
+        if column.case_sensitive?
+          super
+        else
+          table[attribute].eq(value)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def limited_update_conditions(where_sql, quoted_table_name, quoted_primary_key)
+        where_sql
+      end
+
+      def strict_mode?
+        self.class.type_cast_config_to_boolean(@config.fetch(:strict, true))
+      end
+
+      def valid_type?(type)
+        !native_database_types[type].nil?
+      end
+
+      protected
+
+      # MySQL is too stupid to create a temporary table for use subquery, so we have
+      # to give it some prompting in the form of a subsubquery. Ugh!
+      def subquery_for(key, select)
+        subsubselect = select.clone
+        subsubselect.projections = [key]
+
+        subselect = Arel::SelectManager.new(select.engine)
+        subselect.project Arel.sql(key.name)
+        subselect.from subsubselect.as('__active_record_temp')
+      end
+
+      def add_index_length(option_strings, column_names, options = {})
+        if options.is_a?(Hash) && length = options[:length]
+          case length
+          when Hash
+            column_names.each {|name| option_strings[name] += "(#{length[name]})" if length.has_key?(name) && length[name].present?}
+          when Fixnum
+            column_names.each {|name| option_strings[name] += "(#{length})"}
+          end
+        end
+
+        return option_strings
+      end
+
+      def quoted_columns_for_index(column_names, options = {})
+        option_strings = Hash[column_names.map {|name| [name, '']}]
+
+        # add index length
+        option_strings = add_index_length(option_strings, column_names, options)
+
+        # add index sort order
+        option_strings = add_index_sort_order(option_strings, column_names, options)
+
+        column_names.map {|name| quote_column_name(name) + option_strings[name]}
+      end
+
+      def translate_exception(exception, message)
+        case error_number(exception)
+        when 1062
+          RecordNotUnique.new(message, exception)
+        when 1452
+          InvalidForeignKey.new(message, exception)
+        else
+          super
+        end
+      end
+
+      def add_column_sql(table_name, column_name, type, options = {})
+        add_column_sql = "ADD #{quote_column_name(column_name)} #{type_to_sql(type, options[:limit], options[:precision], options[:scale])}"
+        add_column_options!(add_column_sql, options)
+        add_column_position!(add_column_sql, options)
+        add_column_sql
+      end
+
+      def change_column_sql(table_name, column_name, type, options = {})
+        column = column_for(table_name, column_name)
+
+        unless options_include_default?(options)
+          options[:default] = column.default
+        end
+
+        unless options.has_key?(:null)
+          options[:null] = column.null
+        end
+
+        change_column_sql = "CHANGE #{quote_column_name(column_name)} #{quote_column_name(column_name)} #{type_to_sql(type, options[:limit], options[:precision], options[:scale])}"
+        add_column_options!(change_column_sql, options)
+        add_column_position!(change_column_sql, options)
+        change_column_sql
+      end
+
+      def rename_column_sql(table_name, column_name, new_column_name)
+        options = {}
+
+        if column = columns(table_name).find { |c| c.name == column_name.to_s }
+          options[:default] = column.default
+          options[:null] = column.null
+          options[:auto_increment] = (column.extra == "auto_increment")
+        else
+          raise ActiveRecordError, "No such column: #{table_name}.#{column_name}"
+        end
+
+        current_type = select_one("SHOW COLUMNS FROM #{quote_table_name(table_name)} LIKE '#{column_name}'", 'SCHEMA')["Type"]
+        rename_column_sql = "CHANGE #{quote_column_name(column_name)} #{quote_column_name(new_column_name)} #{current_type}"
+        add_column_options!(rename_column_sql, options)
+        rename_column_sql
+      end
+
+      def remove_column_sql(table_name, column_name, type = nil, options = {})
+        "DROP #{quote_column_name(column_name)}"
+      end
+
+      def remove_columns_sql(table_name, *column_names)
+        column_names.map {|column_name| remove_column_sql(table_name, column_name) }
+      end
+
+      def add_index_sql(table_name, column_name, options = {})
+        index_name, index_type, index_columns = add_index_options(table_name, column_name, options)
+        "ADD #{index_type} INDEX #{index_name} (#{index_columns})"
+      end
+
+      def remove_index_sql(table_name, options = {})
+        index_name = index_name_for_remove(table_name, options)
+        "DROP INDEX #{index_name}"
+      end
+
+      def add_timestamps_sql(table_name)
+        [add_column_sql(table_name, :created_at, :datetime), add_column_sql(table_name, :updated_at, :datetime)]
+      end
+
+      def remove_timestamps_sql(table_name)
+        [remove_column_sql(table_name, :updated_at), remove_column_sql(table_name, :created_at)]
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def supports_views?
+        version[0] >= 5
+      end
+
+      def column_for(table_name, column_name)
+        unless column = columns(table_name).find { |c| c.name == column_name.to_s }
+          raise "No such column: #{table_name}.#{column_name}"
+        end
+        column
+      end
+
+      def configure_connection
+        variables = @config[:variables] || {}
+
+        # By default, MySQL 'where id is null' selects the last inserted id.
+        # Turn this off. http://dev.rubyonrails.org/ticket/6778
+        variables[:sql_auto_is_null] = 0
+
+        # Increase timeout so the server doesn't disconnect us.
+        wait_timeout = @config[:wait_timeout]
+        wait_timeout = 2147483 unless wait_timeout.is_a?(Fixnum)
+        variables[:wait_timeout] = self.class.type_cast_config_to_integer(wait_timeout)
+
+        # Make MySQL reject illegal values rather than truncating or blanking them, see
+        # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/server-sql-mode.html#sqlmode_strict_all_tables
+        # If the user has provided another value for sql_mode, don't replace it.
+        if strict_mode? && !variables.has_key?(:sql_mode)
+          variables[:sql_mode] = 'STRICT_ALL_TABLES'
+        end
+
+        # NAMES does not have an equals sign, see
+        # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/set-statement.html#id944430
+        # (trailing comma because variable_assignments will always have content)
+        encoding = "NAMES #{@config[:encoding]}, " if @config[:encoding]
+
+        # Gather up all of the SET variables...
+        variable_assignments = variables.map do |k, v|
+          if v == ':default' || v == :default
+            "@@SESSION.#{k.to_s} = DEFAULT" # Sets the value to the global or compile default
+          elsif !v.nil?
+            "@@SESSION.#{k.to_s} = #{quote(v)}"
+          end
+          # or else nil; compact to clear nils out
+        end.compact.join(', ')
+
+        # ...and send them all in one query
+        execute("SET #{encoding} #{variable_assignments}", :skip_logging)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end