wandb 0.19.1rc1__py3-none-musllinux_1_2_aarch64.whl

wandb/vendor/pynvml/pynvml.py

@@ -0,0 +1,4779 @@
+#####
+#
+# Based on nvidia-ml-py version 11.515.48
+# Sourced from https://pypi.org/project/nvidia-ml-py/
+# Modifications:
+# - Added `NVML_DLL_PATH` env var check to the library initialization path
+# - Applied black formatting to improve readability
+# - Try different versions ("_v3", "_v2", "") of the functions:
+#   nvmlDeviceGetComputeRunningProcesses,
+#   nvmlDeviceGetGraphicsRunningProcesses, and
+#   nvmlDeviceGetMPSComputeRunningProcesses
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2011-2022, NVIDIA Corporation.  All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+#
+#    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+#      this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+#      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+#      documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+#    * Neither the name of the NVIDIA Corporation nor the names of its
+#      contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+#      this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+# AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+# ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+# LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+# CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+# SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+# INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+# CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+# ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
+# THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+#####
+
+##
+# Python bindings for the NVML library
+##
+from ctypes import *
+from ctypes.util import find_library
+from functools import wraps
+import sys
+import os
+import threading
+import string
+
+## C Type mappings ##
+## Enums
+_nvmlEnableState_t = c_uint
+NVML_FEATURE_DISABLED = 0
+NVML_FEATURE_ENABLED = 1
+
+_nvmlBrandType_t = c_uint
+NVML_BRAND_UNKNOWN = 0
+NVML_BRAND_QUADRO = 1
+NVML_BRAND_TESLA = 2
+NVML_BRAND_NVS = 3
+NVML_BRAND_GRID = (
+    4  # Deprecated from API reporting. Keeping definition for backward compatibility.
+)
+NVML_BRAND_GEFORCE = 5
+NVML_BRAND_TITAN = 6
+NVML_BRAND_NVIDIA_VAPPS = 7  # NVIDIA Virtual Applications
+NVML_BRAND_NVIDIA_VPC = 8  # NVIDIA Virtual PC
+NVML_BRAND_NVIDIA_VCS = 9  # NVIDIA Virtual Compute Server
+NVML_BRAND_NVIDIA_VWS = 10  # NVIDIA RTX Virtual Workstation
+NVML_BRAND_NVIDIA_CLOUD_GAMING = 11  # NVIDIA Cloud Gaming
+NVML_BRAND_NVIDIA_VGAMING = NVML_BRAND_NVIDIA_CLOUD_GAMING  # Deprecated from API reporting. Keeping definition for backward compatibility.
+NVML_BRAND_QUADRO_RTX = 12
+NVML_BRAND_NVIDIA_RTX = 13
+NVML_BRAND_NVIDIA = 14
+NVML_BRAND_GEFORCE_RTX = 15  # Unused
+NVML_BRAND_TITAN_RTX = 16  # Unused
+NVML_BRAND_COUNT = 17
+
+_nvmlTemperatureThresholds_t = c_uint
+NVML_TEMPERATURE_THRESHOLD_SHUTDOWN = 0
+NVML_TEMPERATURE_THRESHOLD_SLOWDOWN = 1
+NVML_TEMPERATURE_THRESHOLD_MEM_MAX = 2
+NVML_TEMPERATURE_THRESHOLD_GPU_MAX = 3
+NVML_TEMPERATURE_THRESHOLD_ACOUSTIC_MIN = 4
+NVML_TEMPERATURE_THRESHOLD_ACOUSTIC_CURR = 5
+NVML_TEMPERATURE_THRESHOLD_ACOUSTIC_MAX = 6
+NVML_TEMPERATURE_THRESHOLD_COUNT = 7
+
+_nvmlTemperatureSensors_t = c_uint
+NVML_TEMPERATURE_GPU = 0
+NVML_TEMPERATURE_COUNT = 1
+
+_nvmlComputeMode_t = c_uint
+NVML_COMPUTEMODE_DEFAULT = 0
+NVML_COMPUTEMODE_EXCLUSIVE_THREAD = 1  ## Support Removed
+NVML_COMPUTEMODE_PROHIBITED = 2
+NVML_COMPUTEMODE_EXCLUSIVE_PROCESS = 3
+NVML_COMPUTEMODE_COUNT = 4
+
+_nvmlMemoryLocation_t = c_uint
+NVML_MEMORY_LOCATION_L1_CACHE = 0
+NVML_MEMORY_LOCATION_L2_CACHE = 1
+NVML_MEMORY_LOCATION_DEVICE_MEMORY = 2
+NVML_MEMORY_LOCATION_DRAM = 2
+NVML_MEMORY_LOCATION_REGISTER_FILE = 3
+NVML_MEMORY_LOCATION_TEXTURE_MEMORY = 4
+NVML_MEMORY_LOCATION_TEXTURE_SHM = 5
+NVML_MEMORY_LOCATION_CBU = 6
+NVML_MEMORY_LOCATION_SRAM = 7
+NVML_MEMORY_LOCATION_COUNT = 8
+
+NVML_NVLINK_MAX_LINKS = 12
+
+# For backwards compatibility, maintain the incorrectly-named "LANES" define
+NVML_NVLINK_MAX_LANES = NVML_NVLINK_MAX_LINKS
+
+_nvmlNvLinkErrorCounter_t = c_uint
+NVML_NVLINK_ERROR_DL_REPLAY = 0
+NVML_NVLINK_ERROR_DL_RECOVERY = 1
+NVML_NVLINK_ERROR_DL_CRC_FLIT = 2
+NVML_NVLINK_ERROR_DL_CRC_DATA = 3
+NVML_NVLINK_ERROR_DL_ECC_DATA = 4
+NVML_NVLINK_ERROR_COUNT = 5
+
+_nvmlNvLinkEccLaneErrorCounter_t = c_uint
+NVML_NVLINK_ERROR_DL_ECC_LANE0 = 0
+NVML_NVLINK_ERROR_DL_ECC_LANE1 = 1
+NVML_NVLINK_ERROR_DL_ECC_LANE2 = 2
+NVML_NVLINK_ERROR_DL_ECC_LANE3 = 3
+NVML_NVLINK_ERROR_DL_ECC_COUNT = 5
+
+_nvmlNvLinkCapability_t = c_uint
+NVML_NVLINK_CAP_P2P_SUPPORTED = 0
+NVML_NVLINK_CAP_SYSMEM_ACCESS = 1
+NVML_NVLINK_CAP_P2P_ATOMICS = 2
+NVML_NVLINK_CAP_SYSMEM_ATOMICS = 3
+NVML_NVLINK_CAP_SLI_BRIDGE = 4
+NVML_NVLINK_CAP_VALID = 5
+NVML_NVLINK_CAP_COUNT = 6
+
+_nvmlNvLinkUtilizationCountPktTypes_t = c_uint
+NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_PKTFILTER_NOP = 0x1
+NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_PKTFILTER_READ = 0x2
+NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_PKTFILTER_WRITE = 0x4
+NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_PKTFILTER_RATOM = 0x8
+NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_PKTFILTER_NRATOM = 0x10
+NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_PKTFILTER_FLUSH = 0x20
+NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_PKTFILTER_RESPDATA = 0x40
+NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_PKTFILTER_RESPNODATA = 0x80
+NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_PKTFILTER_ALL = 0xFF
+
+_nvmlNvLinkUtilizationCountUnits_t = c_uint
+NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_UNIT_CYCLES = 0
+NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_UNIT_PACKETS = 1
+NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_UNIT_BYTES = 2
+NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_UNIT_RESERVED = 3
+NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_UNIT_COUNT = 4
+
+_nvmlNvLinkDeviceType_t = c_uint
+NVML_NVLINK_DEVICE_TYPE_GPU = 0x00
+NVML_NVLINK_DEVICE_TYPE_IBMNPU = 0x01
+NVML_NVLINK_DEVICE_TYPE_SWITCH = 0x02
+NVML_NVLINK_DEVICE_TYPE_UNKNOWN = 0xFF
+
+# These are deprecated, instead use _nvmlMemoryErrorType_t
+_nvmlEccBitType_t = c_uint
+NVML_SINGLE_BIT_ECC = 0
+NVML_DOUBLE_BIT_ECC = 1
+NVML_ECC_ERROR_TYPE_COUNT = 2
+
+_nvmlEccCounterType_t = c_uint
+NVML_VOLATILE_ECC = 0
+NVML_AGGREGATE_ECC = 1
+NVML_ECC_COUNTER_TYPE_COUNT = 2
+
+_nvmlMemoryErrorType_t = c_uint
+NVML_MEMORY_ERROR_TYPE_CORRECTED = 0
+NVML_MEMORY_ERROR_TYPE_UNCORRECTED = 1
+NVML_MEMORY_ERROR_TYPE_COUNT = 2
+
+_nvmlClockType_t = c_uint
+NVML_CLOCK_GRAPHICS = 0
+NVML_CLOCK_SM = 1
+NVML_CLOCK_MEM = 2
+NVML_CLOCK_VIDEO = 3
+NVML_CLOCK_COUNT = 4
+
+_nvmlClockId_t = c_uint
+NVML_CLOCK_ID_CURRENT = 0
+NVML_CLOCK_ID_APP_CLOCK_TARGET = 1
+NVML_CLOCK_ID_APP_CLOCK_DEFAULT = 2
+NVML_CLOCK_ID_CUSTOMER_BOOST_MAX = 3
+NVML_CLOCK_ID_COUNT = 4
+
+_nvmlDriverModel_t = c_uint
+NVML_DRIVER_WDDM = 0
+NVML_DRIVER_WDM = 1
+
+NVML_MAX_GPU_PERF_PSTATES = 16
+
+_nvmlPstates_t = c_uint
+NVML_PSTATE_0 = 0
+NVML_PSTATE_1 = 1
+NVML_PSTATE_2 = 2
+NVML_PSTATE_3 = 3
+NVML_PSTATE_4 = 4
+NVML_PSTATE_5 = 5
+NVML_PSTATE_6 = 6
+NVML_PSTATE_7 = 7
+NVML_PSTATE_8 = 8
+NVML_PSTATE_9 = 9
+NVML_PSTATE_10 = 10
+NVML_PSTATE_11 = 11
+NVML_PSTATE_12 = 12
+NVML_PSTATE_13 = 13
+NVML_PSTATE_14 = 14
+NVML_PSTATE_15 = 15
+NVML_PSTATE_UNKNOWN = 32
+
+_nvmlInforomObject_t = c_uint
+NVML_INFOROM_OEM = 0
+NVML_INFOROM_ECC = 1
+NVML_INFOROM_POWER = 2
+NVML_INFOROM_COUNT = 3
+
+_nvmlReturn_t = c_uint
+NVML_SUCCESS = 0
+NVML_ERROR_UNINITIALIZED = 1
+NVML_ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT = 2
+NVML_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED = 3
+NVML_ERROR_NO_PERMISSION = 4
+NVML_ERROR_ALREADY_INITIALIZED = 5
+NVML_ERROR_NOT_FOUND = 6
+NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE = 7
+NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_POWER = 8
+NVML_ERROR_DRIVER_NOT_LOADED = 9
+NVML_ERROR_TIMEOUT = 10
+NVML_ERROR_IRQ_ISSUE = 11
+NVML_ERROR_LIBRARY_NOT_FOUND = 12
+NVML_ERROR_FUNCTION_NOT_FOUND = 13
+NVML_ERROR_CORRUPTED_INFOROM = 14
+NVML_ERROR_GPU_IS_LOST = 15
+NVML_ERROR_RESET_REQUIRED = 16
+NVML_ERROR_OPERATING_SYSTEM = 17
+NVML_ERROR_LIB_RM_VERSION_MISMATCH = 18
+NVML_ERROR_IN_USE = 19
+NVML_ERROR_MEMORY = 20
+NVML_ERROR_NO_DATA = 21
+NVML_ERROR_VGPU_ECC_NOT_SUPPORTED = 22
+NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES = 23
+NVML_ERROR_FREQ_NOT_SUPPORTED = 24
+NVML_ERROR_UNKNOWN = 999
+
+_nvmlFanState_t = c_uint
+NVML_FAN_NORMAL = 0
+NVML_FAN_FAILED = 1
+
+_nvmlLedColor_t = c_uint
+NVML_LED_COLOR_GREEN = 0
+NVML_LED_COLOR_AMBER = 1
+
+_nvmlGpuOperationMode_t = c_uint
+NVML_GOM_ALL_ON = 0
+NVML_GOM_COMPUTE = 1
+NVML_GOM_LOW_DP = 2
+
+_nvmlPageRetirementCause_t = c_uint
+NVML_PAGE_RETIREMENT_CAUSE_MULTIPLE_SINGLE_BIT_ECC_ERRORS = 0
+NVML_PAGE_RETIREMENT_CAUSE_DOUBLE_BIT_ECC_ERROR = 1
+NVML_PAGE_RETIREMENT_CAUSE_COUNT = 2
+
+_nvmlRestrictedAPI_t = c_uint
+NVML_RESTRICTED_API_SET_APPLICATION_CLOCKS = 0
+NVML_RESTRICTED_API_SET_AUTO_BOOSTED_CLOCKS = 1
+NVML_RESTRICTED_API_COUNT = 2
+
+_nvmlBridgeChipType_t = c_uint
+NVML_BRIDGE_CHIP_PLX = 0
+NVML_BRIDGE_CHIP_BRO4 = 1
+NVML_MAX_PHYSICAL_BRIDGE = 128
+
+_nvmlValueType_t = c_uint
+NVML_VALUE_TYPE_DOUBLE = 0
+NVML_VALUE_TYPE_UNSIGNED_INT = 1
+NVML_VALUE_TYPE_UNSIGNED_LONG = 2
+NVML_VALUE_TYPE_UNSIGNED_LONG_LONG = 3
+NVML_VALUE_TYPE_SIGNED_LONG_LONG = 4
+NVML_VALUE_TYPE_COUNT = 5
+
+_nvmlPerfPolicyType_t = c_uint
+NVML_PERF_POLICY_POWER = 0
+NVML_PERF_POLICY_THERMAL = 1
+NVML_PERF_POLICY_SYNC_BOOST = 2
+NVML_PERF_POLICY_BOARD_LIMIT = 3
+NVML_PERF_POLICY_LOW_UTILIZATION = 4
+NVML_PERF_POLICY_RELIABILITY = 5
+NVML_PERF_POLICY_TOTAL_APP_CLOCKS = 10
+NVML_PERF_POLICY_TOTAL_BASE_CLOCKS = 11
+NVML_PERF_POLICY_COUNT = 12
+
+_nvmlEncoderQueryType_t = c_uint
+NVML_ENCODER_QUERY_H264 = 0
+NVML_ENCODER_QUERY_HEVC = 1
+
+_nvmlFBCSessionType_t = c_uint
+NVML_FBC_SESSION_TYPE_UNKNOWN = 0
+NVML_FBC_SESSION_TYPE_TOSYS = 1
+NVML_FBC_SESSION_TYPE_CUDA = 2
+NVML_FBC_SESSION_TYPE_VID = 3
+NVML_FBC_SESSION_TYPE_HWENC = 4
+
+_nvmlDetachGpuState_t = c_uint
+NVML_DETACH_GPU_KEEP = 0
+NVML_DETACH_GPU_REMOVE = 1
+
+_nvmlPcieLinkState_t = c_uint
+NVML_PCIE_LINK_KEEP = 0
+NVML_PCIE_LINK_SHUT_DOWN = 1
+
+_nvmlSamplingType_t = c_uint
+NVML_TOTAL_POWER_SAMPLES = 0
+NVML_GPU_UTILIZATION_SAMPLES = 1
+NVML_MEMORY_UTILIZATION_SAMPLES = 2
+NVML_ENC_UTILIZATION_SAMPLES = 3
+NVML_DEC_UTILIZATION_SAMPLES = 4
+NVML_PROCESSOR_CLK_SAMPLES = 5
+NVML_MEMORY_CLK_SAMPLES = 6
+NVML_SAMPLINGTYPE_COUNT = 7
+
+_nvmlPcieUtilCounter_t = c_uint
+NVML_PCIE_UTIL_TX_BYTES = 0
+NVML_PCIE_UTIL_RX_BYTES = 1
+NVML_PCIE_UTIL_COUNT = 2
+
+_nvmlGpuTopologyLevel_t = c_uint
+NVML_TOPOLOGY_INTERNAL = 0
+NVML_TOPOLOGY_SINGLE = 10
+NVML_TOPOLOGY_MULTIPLE = 20
+NVML_TOPOLOGY_HOSTBRIDGE = 30
+NVML_TOPOLOGY_NODE = 40
+NVML_TOPOLOGY_CPU = NVML_TOPOLOGY_NODE
+NVML_TOPOLOGY_SYSTEM = 50
+
+_nvmlGpuP2PCapsIndex_t = c_uint
+NVML_P2P_CAPS_INDEX_READ = (0,)
+NVML_P2P_CAPS_INDEX_WRITE = 1
+NVML_P2P_CAPS_INDEX_NVLINK = 2
+NVML_P2P_CAPS_INDEX_ATOMICS = 3
+NVML_P2P_CAPS_INDEX_PROP = 4
+NVML_P2P_CAPS_INDEX_LOOPBACK = 5
+NVML_P2P_CAPS_INDEX_UNKNOWN = 6
+
+_nvmlGpuP2PStatus_t = c_uint
+NVML_P2P_STATUS_OK = 0
+NVML_P2P_STATUS_CHIPSET_NOT_SUPPORED = 1
+NVML_P2P_STATUS_GPU_NOT_SUPPORTED = 2
+NVML_P2P_STATUS_IOH_TOPOLOGY_NOT_SUPPORTED = 3
+NVML_P2P_STATUS_DISABLED_BY_REGKEY = 4
+NVML_P2P_STATUS_NOT_SUPPORTED = 5
+NVML_P2P_STATUS_UNKNOWN = 6
+
+_nvmlDeviceArchitecture_t = c_uint
+NVML_DEVICE_ARCH_KEPLER = 2
+NVML_DEVICE_ARCH_MAXWELL = 3
+NVML_DEVICE_ARCH_PASCAL = 4
+NVML_DEVICE_ARCH_VOLTA = 5
+NVML_DEVICE_ARCH_TURING = 6
+NVML_DEVICE_ARCH_AMPERE = 7
+NVML_DEVICE_ARCH_UNKNOWN = 0xFFFFFFFF
+
+# PCI bus Types
+_nvmlBusType_t = c_uint
+NVML_BUS_TYPE_UNKNOWN = 0
+NVML_BUS_TYPE_PCI = 1
+NVML_BUS_TYPE_PCIE = 2
+NVML_BUS_TYPE_FPCI = 3
+NVML_BUS_TYPE_AGP = 4
+
+_nvmlPowerSource_t = c_uint
+NVML_POWER_SOURCE_AC = 0x00000000
+NVML_POWER_SOURCE_BATTERY = 0x00000001
+
+_nvmlAdaptiveClockInfoStatus_t = c_uint
+NVML_ADAPTIVE_CLOCKING_INFO_STATUS_DISABLED = 0x00000000
+NVML_ADAPTIVE_CLOCKING_INFO_STATUS_ENABLED = 0x00000001
+
+_nvmlClockLimitId_t = c_uint
+NVML_CLOCK_LIMIT_ID_RANGE_START = 0xFFFFFF00
+NVML_CLOCK_LIMIT_ID_TDP = 0xFFFFFF01
+NVML_CLOCK_LIMIT_ID_UNLIMITED = 0xFFFFFF02
+
+_nvmlPcieLinkMaxSpeed_t = c_uint
+NVML_PCIE_LINK_MAX_SPEED_INVALID = 0x00000000
+NVML_PCIE_LINK_MAX_SPEED_2500MBPS = 0x00000001
+NVML_PCIE_LINK_MAX_SPEED_5000MBPS = 0x00000002
+NVML_PCIE_LINK_MAX_SPEED_8000MBPS = 0x00000003
+NVML_PCIE_LINK_MAX_SPEED_16000MBPS = 0x00000004
+NVML_PCIE_LINK_MAX_SPEED_32000MBPS = 0x00000005
+
+_nvmlAffinityScope_t = c_uint
+NVML_AFFINITY_SCOPE_NODE = 0
+NVML_AFFINITY_SCOPE_SOCKET = 1
+
+# C preprocessor defined values
+nvmlFlagDefault = 0
+nvmlFlagForce = 1
+NVML_INIT_FLAG_NO_GPUS = 1
+NVML_INIT_FLAG_NO_ATTACH = 2
+
+NVML_MAX_GPC_COUNT = 32
+
+# buffer size
+NVML_DEVICE_INFOROM_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE = 16
+NVML_DEVICE_UUID_BUFFER_SIZE = 80
+NVML_DEVICE_UUID_V2_BUFFER_SIZE = 96
+NVML_SYSTEM_DRIVER_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE = 80
+NVML_SYSTEM_NVML_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE = 80
+NVML_DEVICE_NAME_BUFFER_SIZE = 64
+NVML_DEVICE_NAME_V2_BUFFER_SIZE = 96
+NVML_DEVICE_SERIAL_BUFFER_SIZE = 30
+NVML_DEVICE_PART_NUMBER_BUFFER_SIZE = 80
+NVML_DEVICE_VBIOS_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE = 32
+NVML_DEVICE_PCI_BUS_ID_BUFFER_SIZE = 32
+NVML_DEVICE_PCI_BUS_ID_BUFFER_V2_SIZE = 16
+NVML_GRID_LICENSE_BUFFER_SIZE = 128
+NVML_VGPU_NAME_BUFFER_SIZE = 64
+NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_MAX_COUNT = 3
+NVML_VGPU_METADATA_OPAQUE_DATA_SIZE = sizeof(c_uint) + 256
+NVML_VGPU_PGPU_METADATA_OPAQUE_DATA_SIZE = 256
+
+# Format strings
+NVML_DEVICE_PCI_BUS_ID_LEGACY_FMT = "%04X:%02X:%02X.0"
+NVML_DEVICE_PCI_BUS_ID_FMT = "%08X:%02X:%02X.0"
+
+NVML_VALUE_NOT_AVAILABLE_ulonglong = c_ulonglong(-1)
+NVML_VALUE_NOT_AVAILABLE_uint = c_uint(-1)
+
+"""
+ Field Identifiers.
+
+ All Identifiers pertain to a device. Each ID is only used once and is guaranteed never to change.
+"""
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_CURRENT = 1  # Current ECC mode. 1=Active. 0=Inactive
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_PENDING = 2  # Pending ECC mode. 1=Active. 0=Inactive
+
+# ECC Count Totals
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_VOL_TOTAL = 3  # Total single bit volatile ECC errors
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_VOL_TOTAL = 4  # Total double bit volatile ECC errors
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_AGG_TOTAL = 5  # Total single bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_AGG_TOTAL = 6  # Total double bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
+# Individual ECC locations
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_VOL_L1 = 7  # L1 cache single bit volatile ECC errors
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_VOL_L1 = 8  # L1 cache double bit volatile ECC errors
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_VOL_L2 = 9  # L2 cache single bit volatile ECC errors
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_VOL_L2 = 10  # L2 cache double bit volatile ECC errors
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_VOL_DEV = 11  # Device memory single bit volatile ECC errors
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_VOL_DEV = 12  # Device memory double bit volatile ECC errors
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_VOL_REG = 13  # Register file single bit volatile ECC errors
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_VOL_REG = 14  # Register file double bit volatile ECC errors
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_VOL_TEX = 15  # Texture memory single bit volatile ECC errors
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_VOL_TEX = 16  # Texture memory double bit volatile ECC errors
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_VOL_CBU = 17  # CBU double bit volatile ECC errors
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_AGG_L1 = 18  # L1 cache single bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_AGG_L1 = 19  # L1 cache double bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_AGG_L2 = 20  # L2 cache single bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_AGG_L2 = 21  # L2 cache double bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_AGG_DEV = (
+    22  # Device memory single bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_AGG_DEV = (
+    23  # Device memory double bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_AGG_REG = (
+    24  # Register File single bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_AGG_REG = (
+    25  # Register File double bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_AGG_TEX = (
+    26  # Texture memory single bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_AGG_TEX = (
+    27  # Texture memory double bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_AGG_CBU = 28  # CBU double bit aggregate ECC errors
+
+# Page Retirement
+NVML_FI_DEV_RETIRED_SBE = 29  # Number of retired pages because of single bit errors
+NVML_FI_DEV_RETIRED_DBE = 30  # Number of retired pages because of double bit errors
+NVML_FI_DEV_RETIRED_PENDING = 31  # If any pages are pending retirement. 1=yes. 0=no.
+
+# NvLink Flit Error Counters
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L0 = (
+    32  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 0
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L1 = (
+    33  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 1
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L2 = (
+    34  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 2
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L3 = (
+    35  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 3
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L4 = (
+    36  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 4
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L5 = (
+    37  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 5
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_TOTAL = (
+    38  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter total for all Lanes
+)
+
+# NvLink CRC Data Error Counters
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L0 = (
+    39  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 0
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L1 = (
+    40  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 1
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L2 = (
+    41  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 2
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L3 = (
+    42  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 3
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L4 = (
+    43  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 4
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L5 = (
+    44  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 5
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_TOTAL = (
+    45  # NvLink data CRC Error Counter total for all Lanes
+)
+
+# NvLink Replay Error Counters
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L0 = 46  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 0
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L1 = 47  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 1
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L2 = 48  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 2
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L3 = 49  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 3
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L4 = 50  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 4
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L5 = 51  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 5
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_TOTAL = (
+    52  # NVLink Replay Error Counter total for all Lanes
+)
+
+# NvLink Recovery Error Counters
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L0 = (
+    53  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 0
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L1 = (
+    54  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 1
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L2 = (
+    55  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 2
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L3 = (
+    56  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 3
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L4 = (
+    57  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 4
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L5 = (
+    58  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 5
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_TOTAL = (
+    59  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter total for all Lanes
+)
+
+# NvLink Bandwidth Counters
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L0 = (
+    60  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 0
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L1 = (
+    61  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 1
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L2 = (
+    62  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 2
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L3 = (
+    63  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 3
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L4 = (
+    64  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 4
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L5 = (
+    65  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 5
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_TOTAL = (
+    66  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter Total for Counter Set 0, All Lanes
+)
+
+# NvLink Bandwidth Counters
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L0 = (
+    67  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 0
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L1 = (
+    68  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 1
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L2 = (
+    69  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 2
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L3 = (
+    70  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 3
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L4 = (
+    71  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 4
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L5 = (
+    72  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 5
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_TOTAL = (
+    73  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter Total for Counter Set 1, All Lanes
+)
+
+# Perf Policy Counters
+NVML_FI_DEV_PERF_POLICY_POWER = 74  # Perf Policy Counter for Power Policy
+NVML_FI_DEV_PERF_POLICY_THERMAL = 75  # Perf Policy Counter for Thermal Policy
+NVML_FI_DEV_PERF_POLICY_SYNC_BOOST = 76  # Perf Policy Counter for Sync boost Policy
+NVML_FI_DEV_PERF_POLICY_BOARD_LIMIT = 77  # Perf Policy Counter for Board Limit
+NVML_FI_DEV_PERF_POLICY_LOW_UTILIZATION = (
+    78  # Perf Policy Counter for Low GPU Utilization Policy
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_PERF_POLICY_RELIABILITY = 79  # Perf Policy Counter for Reliability Policy
+NVML_FI_DEV_PERF_POLICY_TOTAL_APP_CLOCKS = (
+    80  # Perf Policy Counter for Total App Clock Policy
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_PERF_POLICY_TOTAL_BASE_CLOCKS = (
+    81  # Perf Policy Counter for Total Base Clocks Policy
+)
+
+# Memory temperatures
+NVML_FI_DEV_MEMORY_TEMP = 82  # Memory temperature for the device
+
+# Energy Counter
+NVML_FI_DEV_TOTAL_ENERGY_CONSUMPTION = (
+    83  # Total energy consumption for the GPU in mJ since the driver was last reloaded
+)
+
+# NVLink Speed
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L0 = 84
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L1 = 85
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L2 = 86
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L3 = 87
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L4 = 88
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L5 = 89
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_COMMON = 90
+
+# NVLink Link Count
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_LINK_COUNT = 91
+
+# Page Retirement pending fields
+NVML_FI_DEV_RETIRED_PENDING_SBE = 92
+NVML_FI_DEV_RETIRED_PENDING_DBE = 93
+
+# PCIe replay and replay rollover counters
+NVML_FI_DEV_PCIE_REPLAY_COUNTER = 94
+NVML_FI_DEV_PCIE_REPLAY_ROLLOVER_COUNTER = 95
+
+# NvLink Flit Error Counters
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L6 = (
+    96  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 6
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L7 = (
+    97  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 7
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L8 = (
+    98  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 8
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L9 = (
+    99  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 9
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L10 = (
+    100  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 10
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L11 = (
+    101  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 11
+)
+
+# NvLink CRC Data Error Counters
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L6 = (
+    102  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 6
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L7 = (
+    103  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 7
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L8 = (
+    104  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 8
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L9 = (
+    105  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 9
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L10 = (
+    106  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 10
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L11 = (
+    107  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 11
+)
+
+# NvLink Replay Error Counters
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L6 = 108  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 6
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L7 = 109  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 7
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L8 = 110  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 8
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L9 = 111  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 9
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L10 = (
+    112  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 10
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L11 = (
+    113  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 11
+)
+
+# NvLink Recovery Error Counters
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L6 = (
+    114  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 6
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L7 = (
+    115  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 7
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L8 = (
+    116  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 8
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L9 = (
+    117  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 9
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L10 = (
+    118  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 10
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L11 = (
+    119  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 11
+)
+
+# NvLink Bandwidth Counters
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L6 = (
+    120  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 6
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L7 = (
+    121  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 7
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L8 = (
+    122  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 8
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L9 = (
+    123  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 9
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L10 = (
+    124  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 10
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L11 = (
+    125  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 11
+)
+
+# NvLink Bandwidth Counters
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L6 = (
+    126  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 6
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L7 = (
+    127  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 7
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L8 = (
+    128  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 8
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L9 = (
+    129  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 9
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L10 = (
+    130  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 10
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L11 = (
+    131  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 11
+)
+
+# NVLink Speed
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L6 = 132
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L7 = 133
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L8 = 134
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L9 = 135
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L10 = 136
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L11 = 137
+
+# NVLink Throughput Counters
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_THROUGHPUT_DATA_TX = 138  # NVLink TX Data throughput in KiB
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_THROUGHPUT_DATA_RX = 139  # NVLink RX Data throughput in KiB
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_THROUGHPUT_RAW_TX = 140  # NVLink TX Data + protocol overhead in KiB
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_THROUGHPUT_RAW_RX = 141  # NVLink RX Data + protocol overhead in KiB
+
+# Row Remapper
+NVML_FI_DEV_REMAPPED_COR = 142
+NVML_FI_DEV_REMAPPED_UNC = 143
+NVML_FI_DEV_REMAPPED_PENDING = 144
+NVML_FI_DEV_REMAPPED_FAILURE = 145
+
+# Remote device NVLink ID
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REMOTE_NVLINK_ID = 146
+
+# Number of NVLinks connected to NVSwitch
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVSWITCH_CONNECTED_LINK_COUNT = 147
+
+# NvLink ECC Data Error Counters
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L0 = (
+    148  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 0
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L1 = (
+    149  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 1
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L2 = (
+    150  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 2
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L3 = (
+    151  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 3
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L4 = (
+    152  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 4
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L5 = (
+    153  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 5
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L6 = (
+    154  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 6
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L7 = (
+    155  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 7
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L8 = (
+    156  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 8
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L9 = (
+    157  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 9
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L10 = (
+    158  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 10
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L11 = (
+    159  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 11
+)
+NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_TOTAL = (
+    160  # < NvLink data ECC Error Counter total for all Links
+)
+
+NVML_FI_MAX = 161  # One greater than the largest field ID defined above
+
+## Enums needed for the method nvmlDeviceGetVirtualizationMode and nvmlDeviceSetVirtualizationMode
+NVML_GPU_VIRTUALIZATION_MODE_NONE = 0  # Represents Bare Metal GPU
+NVML_GPU_VIRTUALIZATION_MODE_PASSTHROUGH = (
+    1  # Device is associated with GPU-Passthorugh
+)
+NVML_GPU_VIRTUALIZATION_MODE_VGPU = (
+    2  # Device is associated with vGPU inside virtual machine.
+)
+NVML_GPU_VIRTUALIZATION_MODE_HOST_VGPU = (
+    3  # Device is associated with VGX hypervisor in vGPU mode
+)
+NVML_GPU_VIRTUALIZATION_MODE_HOST_VSGA = (
+    4  # Device is associated with VGX hypervisor in vSGA mode
+)
+
+## Lib loading ##
+nvmlLib = None
+libLoadLock = threading.Lock()
+_nvmlLib_refcount = 0  # Incremented on each nvmlInit and decremented on nvmlShutdown
+
+## vGPU Management
+_nvmlVgpuTypeId_t = c_uint
+_nvmlVgpuInstance_t = c_uint
+
+_nvmlVgpuVmIdType_t = c_uint
+NVML_VGPU_VM_ID_DOMAIN_ID = 0
+NVML_VGPU_VM_ID_UUID = 1
+
+_nvmlGridLicenseFeatureCode_t = c_uint
+NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_CODE_UNKNOWN = 0
+NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_CODE_VGPU = 1
+NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_CODE_NVIDIA_RTX = 2
+NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_CODE_VWORKSTATION = (
+    2  # deprecated, use NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_CODE_NVIDIA_RTX.
+)
+NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_CODE_GAMING = 3
+NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_CODE_COMPUTE = 4
+
+_nvmlGridLicenseExpiryStatus_t = c_uint8
+NVML_GRID_LICENSE_EXPIRY_NOT_AVAILABLE = (0,)  # Expiry information not available
+NVML_GRID_LICENSE_EXPIRY_INVALID = (1,)  # Invalid expiry or error fetching expiry
+NVML_GRID_LICENSE_EXPIRY_VALID = (2,)  # Valid expiry
+NVML_GRID_LICENSE_EXPIRY_NOT_APPLICABLE = (3,)  # Expiry not applicable
+NVML_GRID_LICENSE_EXPIRY_PERMANENT = (4,)  # Permanent expiry
+
+_nvmlVgpuCapability_t = c_uint
+NVML_VGPU_CAP_NVLINK_P2P = 0  # vGPU P2P over NVLink is supported
+NVML_VGPU_CAP_GPUDIRECT = 1  # GPUDirect capability is supported
+NVML_VGPU_CAP_COUNT = 2
+
+_nvmlVgpuGuestInfoState_t = c_uint
+NVML_VGPU_INSTANCE_GUEST_INFO_STATE_UNINITIALIZED = 0
+NVML_VGPU_INSTANCE_GUEST_INFO_STATE_INITIALIZED = 1
+
+_nvmlVgpuVmCompatibility_t = c_uint
+NVML_VGPU_VM_COMPATIBILITY_NONE = 0x0
+NVML_VGPU_VM_COMPATIBILITY_COLD = 0x1
+NVML_VGPU_VM_COMPATIBILITY_HIBERNATE = 0x2
+NVML_VGPU_VM_COMPATIBILITY_SLEEP = 0x4
+NVML_VGPU_VM_COMPATIBILITY_LIVE = 0x8
+
+_nvmlVgpuPgpuCompatibilityLimitCode_t = c_uint
+NVML_VGPU_COMPATIBILITY_LIMIT_NONE = 0x0
+NVML_VGPU_COMPATIBILITY_LIMIT_HOST_DRIVER = 0x1
+NVML_VGPU_COMPATIBILITY_LIMIT_GUEST_DRIVER = 0x2
+NVML_VGPU_COMPATIBILITY_LIMIT_GPU = 0x4
+NVML_VGPU_COMPATIBILITY_LIMIT_OTHER = 0x80000000
+
+_nvmlHostVgpuMode_t = c_uint
+NVML_HOST_VGPU_MODE_NON_SRIOV = 0
+NVML_HOST_VGPU_MODE_SRIOV = 1
+
+# GSP firmware
+NVML_GSP_FIRMWARE_VERSION_BUF_SIZE = 0x40
+
+
+## Error Checking ##
+class NVMLError(Exception):
+    _valClassMapping = dict()  # type: ignore
+    # List of currently known error codes
+    _errcode_to_string = {
+        NVML_ERROR_UNINITIALIZED: "Uninitialized",
+        NVML_ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT: "Invalid Argument",
+        NVML_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED: "Not Supported",
+        NVML_ERROR_NO_PERMISSION: "Insufficient Permissions",
+        NVML_ERROR_ALREADY_INITIALIZED: "Already Initialized",
+        NVML_ERROR_NOT_FOUND: "Not Found",
+        NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE: "Insufficient Size",
+        NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_POWER: "Insufficient External Power",
+        NVML_ERROR_DRIVER_NOT_LOADED: "Driver Not Loaded",
+        NVML_ERROR_TIMEOUT: "Timeout",
+        NVML_ERROR_IRQ_ISSUE: "Interrupt Request Issue",
+        NVML_ERROR_LIBRARY_NOT_FOUND: "NVML Shared Library Not Found",
+        NVML_ERROR_FUNCTION_NOT_FOUND: "Function Not Found",
+        NVML_ERROR_CORRUPTED_INFOROM: "Corrupted infoROM",
+        NVML_ERROR_GPU_IS_LOST: "GPU is lost",
+        NVML_ERROR_RESET_REQUIRED: "GPU requires restart",
+        NVML_ERROR_OPERATING_SYSTEM: "The operating system has blocked the request.",
+        NVML_ERROR_LIB_RM_VERSION_MISMATCH: "RM has detected an NVML/RM version mismatch.",
+        NVML_ERROR_MEMORY: "Insufficient Memory",
+        NVML_ERROR_UNKNOWN: "Unknown Error",
+    }
+
+    def __new__(typ, value):
+        """
+        Maps value to a proper subclass of NVMLError.
+        See _extractNVMLErrorsAsClasses function for more details
+        """
+        if typ == NVMLError:
+            typ = NVMLError._valClassMapping.get(value, typ)
+        obj = Exception.__new__(typ)
+        obj.value = value
+        return obj
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        try:
+            if self.value not in NVMLError._errcode_to_string:
+                NVMLError._errcode_to_string[self.value] = str(
+                    nvmlErrorString(self.value)
+                )
+            return NVMLError._errcode_to_string[self.value]
+        except NVMLError:
+            return "NVML Error with code %d" % self.value
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return self.value == other.value
+
+
+def nvmlExceptionClass(nvmlErrorCode):
+    if nvmlErrorCode not in NVMLError._valClassMapping:
+        raise ValueError("nvmlErrorCode %s is not valid" % nvmlErrorCode)
+    return NVMLError._valClassMapping[nvmlErrorCode]
+
+
+def _extractNVMLErrorsAsClasses():
+    """
+    Generates a hierarchy of classes on top of NVMLError class.
+
+    Each NVML Error gets a new NVMLError subclass. This way try,except blocks can filter appropriate
+    exceptions more easily.
+
+    NVMLError is a parent class. Each NVML_ERROR_* gets it's own subclass.
+    e.g. NVML_ERROR_ALREADY_INITIALIZED will be turned into NVMLError_AlreadyInitialized
+    """
+    this_module = sys.modules[__name__]
+    nvmlErrorsNames = [x for x in dir(this_module) if x.startswith("NVML_ERROR_")]
+    for err_name in nvmlErrorsNames:
+        # e.g. Turn NVML_ERROR_ALREADY_INITIALIZED into NVMLError_AlreadyInitialized
+        class_name = "NVMLError_" + string.capwords(
+            err_name.replace("NVML_ERROR_", ""), "_"
+        ).replace("_", "")
+        err_val = getattr(this_module, err_name)
+
+        def gen_new(val):
+            def new(typ):
+                obj = NVMLError.__new__(typ, val)
+                return obj
+
+            return new
+
+        new_error_class = type(class_name, (NVMLError,), {"__new__": gen_new(err_val)})
+        new_error_class.__module__ = __name__
+        setattr(this_module, class_name, new_error_class)
+        NVMLError._valClassMapping[err_val] = new_error_class
+
+
+_extractNVMLErrorsAsClasses()
+
+
+def _nvmlCheckReturn(ret):
+    if ret != NVML_SUCCESS:
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+    return ret
+
+
+## Function access ##
+_nvmlGetFunctionPointer_cache = (    # type: ignore
+    dict()
+)  # function pointers are cached to prevent unnecessary libLoadLock locking
+
+
+def _nvmlGetFunctionPointer(name):
+    global nvmlLib
+
+    if name in _nvmlGetFunctionPointer_cache:
+        return _nvmlGetFunctionPointer_cache[name]
+
+    libLoadLock.acquire()
+    try:
+        # ensure library was loaded
+        if nvmlLib == None:
+            raise NVMLError(NVML_ERROR_UNINITIALIZED)
+        try:
+            _nvmlGetFunctionPointer_cache[name] = getattr(nvmlLib, name)
+            return _nvmlGetFunctionPointer_cache[name]
+        except AttributeError:
+            raise NVMLError(NVML_ERROR_FUNCTION_NOT_FOUND)
+    finally:
+        # lock is always freed
+        libLoadLock.release()
+
+
+## Alternative object
+# Allows the object to be printed
+# Allows mismatched types to be assigned
+#  - like None when the Structure variant requires c_uint
+class nvmlFriendlyObject:
+    def __init__(self, dictionary):
+        for x in dictionary:
+            setattr(self, x, dictionary[x])
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.__dict__.__str__()
+
+
+def nvmlStructToFriendlyObject(struct):
+    d = {}
+    for x in struct._fields_:
+        key = x[0]
+        value = getattr(struct, key)
+        # only need to convert from bytes if bytes, no need to check python version.
+        d[key] = value.decode() if isinstance(value, bytes) else value
+    obj = nvmlFriendlyObject(d)
+    return obj
+
+
+# pack the object so it can be passed to the NVML library
+def nvmlFriendlyObjectToStruct(obj, model):
+    for x in model._fields_:
+        key = x[0]
+        value = obj.__dict__[key]
+        # any c_char_p in python3 needs to be bytes, default encoding works fine.
+        setattr(model, key, value.encode())
+    return model
+
+
+## Unit structures
+class struct_c_nvmlUnit_t(Structure):
+    pass  # opaque handle
+
+
+c_nvmlUnit_t = POINTER(struct_c_nvmlUnit_t)
+
+
+class _PrintableStructure(Structure):
+    """
+    Abstract class that produces nicer __str__ output than ctypes.Structure.
+    e.g. instead of:
+      >>> print str(obj)
+      <class_name object at 0x7fdf82fef9e0>
+    this class will print
+      class_name(field_name: formatted_value, field_name: formatted_value)
+
+    _fmt_ dictionary of <str _field_ name> -> <str format>
+    e.g. class that has _field_ 'hex_value', c_uint could be formatted with
+      _fmt_ = {"hex_value" : "%08X"}
+    to produce nicer output.
+    Default fomratting string for all fields can be set with key "<default>" like:
+      _fmt_ = {"<default>" : "%d MHz"} # e.g all values are numbers in MHz.
+    If not set it's assumed to be just "%s"
+
+    Exact format of returned str from this class is subject to change in the future.
+    """
+
+    _fmt_ = {}  # type: ignore
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        result = []
+        for x in self._fields_:
+            key = x[0]
+            value = getattr(self, key)
+            fmt = "%s"
+            if key in self._fmt_:
+                fmt = self._fmt_[key]
+            elif "<default>" in self._fmt_:
+                fmt = self._fmt_["<default>"]
+            result.append(("%s: " + fmt) % (key, value))
+        return self.__class__.__name__ + "(" + ", ".join(result) + ")"
+
+    def __getattribute__(self, name):
+        res = super().__getattribute__(name)
+        # need to convert bytes to unicode for python3 don't need to for python2
+        # Python 2 strings are of both str and bytes
+        # Python 3 strings are not of type bytes
+        # ctypes should convert everything to the correct values otherwise
+        if isinstance(res, bytes):
+            if isinstance(res, str):
+                return res
+            return res.decode()
+        return res
+
+    def __setattr__(self, name, value):
+        if isinstance(value, str):
+            # encoding a python2 string returns the same value, since python2 strings are bytes already
+            # bytes passed in python3 will be ignored.
+            value = value.encode()
+        super().__setattr__(name, value)
+
+
+class c_nvmlUnitInfo_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("name", c_char * 96),
+        ("id", c_char * 96),
+        ("serial", c_char * 96),
+        ("firmwareVersion", c_char * 96),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlLedState_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("cause", c_char * 256),
+        ("color", _nvmlLedColor_t),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlPSUInfo_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("state", c_char * 256),
+        ("current", c_uint),
+        ("voltage", c_uint),
+        ("power", c_uint),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlUnitFanInfo_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("speed", c_uint),
+        ("state", _nvmlFanState_t),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlUnitFanSpeeds_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [("fans", c_nvmlUnitFanInfo_t * 24), ("count", c_uint)]
+
+
+## Device structures
+class struct_c_nvmlDevice_t(Structure):
+    pass  # opaque handle
+
+
+c_nvmlDevice_t = POINTER(struct_c_nvmlDevice_t)
+
+
+# Legacy pciInfo used for _v1 and _v2
+class nvmlPciInfo_v2_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("busId", c_char * NVML_DEVICE_PCI_BUS_ID_BUFFER_V2_SIZE),
+        ("domain", c_uint),
+        ("bus", c_uint),
+        ("device", c_uint),
+        ("pciDeviceId", c_uint),
+        # Added in 2.285
+        ("pciSubSystemId", c_uint),
+        ("reserved0", c_uint),
+        ("reserved1", c_uint),
+        ("reserved2", c_uint),
+        ("reserved3", c_uint),
+    ]
+    _fmt_ = {
+        "domain": "0x%04X",
+        "bus": "0x%02X",
+        "device": "0x%02X",
+        "pciDeviceId": "0x%08X",
+        "pciSubSystemId": "0x%08X",
+    }
+
+
+class nvmlPciInfo_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        # Moved to the new busId location below
+        ("busIdLegacy", c_char * NVML_DEVICE_PCI_BUS_ID_BUFFER_V2_SIZE),
+        ("domain", c_uint),
+        ("bus", c_uint),
+        ("device", c_uint),
+        ("pciDeviceId", c_uint),
+        # Added in 2.285
+        ("pciSubSystemId", c_uint),
+        # New busId replaced the long deprecated and reserved fields with a
+        # field of the same size in 9.0
+        ("busId", c_char * NVML_DEVICE_PCI_BUS_ID_BUFFER_SIZE),
+    ]
+    _fmt_ = {
+        "domain": "0x%08X",
+        "bus": "0x%02X",
+        "device": "0x%02X",
+        "pciDeviceId": "0x%08X",
+        "pciSubSystemId": "0x%08X",
+    }
+
+
+class c_nvmlExcludedDeviceInfo_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [("pci", nvmlPciInfo_t), ("uuid", c_char * NVML_DEVICE_UUID_BUFFER_SIZE)]
+
+
+class nvmlNvLinkUtilizationControl_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("units", _nvmlNvLinkUtilizationCountUnits_t),
+        ("pktfilter", _nvmlNvLinkUtilizationCountPktTypes_t),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlMemory_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("total", c_ulonglong),
+        ("free", c_ulonglong),
+        ("used", c_ulonglong),
+    ]
+    _fmt_ = {"<default>": "%d B"}
+
+
+class c_nvmlMemory_v2_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("version", c_uint),
+        ("total", c_ulonglong),
+        ("reserved", c_ulonglong),
+        ("free", c_ulonglong),
+        ("used", c_ulonglong),
+    ]
+    _fmt_ = {"<default>": "%d B"}
+
+
+nvmlMemory_v2 = 0x02000028
+
+
+class c_nvmlBAR1Memory_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("bar1Total", c_ulonglong),
+        ("bar1Free", c_ulonglong),
+        ("bar1Used", c_ulonglong),
+    ]
+    _fmt_ = {"<default>": "%d B"}
+
+
+class nvmlClkMonFaultInfo_t(Structure):
+    _fields_ = [("clkApiDomain", c_uint), ("clkDomainFaultMask", c_uint)]
+
+
+class nvmlClkMonStatus_t(Structure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("bGlobalStatus", c_uint),
+        ("clkMonListSize", c_uint),
+        ("clkMonList", nvmlClkMonFaultInfo_t),
+    ]
+
+
+# On Windows with the WDDM driver, usedGpuMemory is reported as None
+# Code that processes this structure should check for None, I.E.
+#
+# if (info.usedGpuMemory == None):
+#     # TODO handle the error
+#     pass
+# else:
+#    print("Using %d MiB of memory" % (info.usedGpuMemory / 1024 / 1024))
+# endif
+#
+# See NVML documentation for more information
+class c_nvmlProcessInfo_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("pid", c_uint),
+        ("usedGpuMemory", c_ulonglong),
+        ("gpuInstanceId", c_uint),
+        ("computeInstanceId", c_uint),
+    ]
+    _fmt_ = {
+        "usedGpuMemory": "%d B",
+    }
+
+
+class c_nvmlBridgeChipInfo_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("type", _nvmlBridgeChipType_t),
+        ("fwVersion", c_uint),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlBridgeChipHierarchy_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("bridgeCount", c_uint),
+        ("bridgeChipInfo", c_nvmlBridgeChipInfo_t * 128),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlEccErrorCounts_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("l1Cache", c_ulonglong),
+        ("l2Cache", c_ulonglong),
+        ("deviceMemory", c_ulonglong),
+        ("registerFile", c_ulonglong),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlUtilization_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("gpu", c_uint),
+        ("memory", c_uint),
+    ]
+    _fmt_ = {"<default>": "%d %%"}
+
+
+# Added in 2.285
+class c_nvmlHwbcEntry_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("hwbcId", c_uint),
+        ("firmwareVersion", c_char * 32),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlValue_t(Union):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("dVal", c_double),
+        ("uiVal", c_uint),
+        ("ulVal", c_ulong),
+        ("ullVal", c_ulonglong),
+        ("sllVal", c_longlong),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlSample_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("timeStamp", c_ulonglong),
+        ("sampleValue", c_nvmlValue_t),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlViolationTime_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("referenceTime", c_ulonglong),
+        ("violationTime", c_ulonglong),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlFieldValue_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("fieldId", c_uint32),
+        ("scopeId", c_uint32),
+        ("timestamp", c_int64),
+        ("latencyUsec", c_int64),
+        ("valueType", _nvmlValueType_t),
+        ("nvmlReturn", _nvmlReturn_t),
+        ("value", c_nvmlValue_t),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlVgpuInstanceUtilizationSample_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("vgpuInstance", _nvmlVgpuInstance_t),
+        ("timeStamp", c_ulonglong),
+        ("smUtil", c_nvmlValue_t),
+        ("memUtil", c_nvmlValue_t),
+        ("encUtil", c_nvmlValue_t),
+        ("decUtil", c_nvmlValue_t),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlVgpuProcessUtilizationSample_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("vgpuInstance", _nvmlVgpuInstance_t),
+        ("pid", c_uint),
+        ("processName", c_char * NVML_VGPU_NAME_BUFFER_SIZE),
+        ("timeStamp", c_ulonglong),
+        ("smUtil", c_uint),
+        ("memUtil", c_uint),
+        ("encUtil", c_uint),
+        ("decUtil", c_uint),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlVgpuLicenseExpiry_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("year", c_uint32),
+        ("month", c_uint16),
+        ("day", c_uint16),
+        ("hour", c_uint16),
+        ("min", c_uint16),
+        ("sec", c_uint16),
+        ("status", c_uint8),
+    ]
+
+
+NVML_GRID_LICENSE_STATE_UNKNOWN = 0
+NVML_GRID_LICENSE_STATE_UNINITIALIZED = 1
+NVML_GRID_LICENSE_STATE_UNLICENSED_UNRESTRICTED = 2
+NVML_GRID_LICENSE_STATE_UNLICENSED_RESTRICTED = 3
+NVML_GRID_LICENSE_STATE_UNLICENSED = 4
+NVML_GRID_LICENSE_STATE_LICENSED = 5
+
+
+class c_nvmlVgpuLicenseInfo_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("isLicensed", c_uint8),
+        ("licenseExpiry", c_nvmlVgpuLicenseExpiry_t),
+        ("currentState", c_uint),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlEncoderSession_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("sessionId", c_uint),
+        ("pid", c_uint),
+        ("vgpuInstance", _nvmlVgpuInstance_t),
+        ("codecType", c_uint),
+        ("hResolution", c_uint),
+        ("vResolution", c_uint),
+        ("averageFps", c_uint),
+        ("encodeLatency", c_uint),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlProcessUtilizationSample_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("pid", c_uint),
+        ("timeStamp", c_ulonglong),
+        ("smUtil", c_uint),
+        ("memUtil", c_uint),
+        ("encUtil", c_uint),
+        ("decUtil", c_uint),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlGridLicenseExpiry_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("year", c_uint32),
+        ("month", c_uint16),
+        ("day", c_uint16),
+        ("hour", c_uint16),
+        ("min", c_uint16),
+        ("sec", c_uint16),
+        ("status", c_uint8),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlGridLicensableFeature_v4_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("featureCode", _nvmlGridLicenseFeatureCode_t),
+        ("featureState", c_uint),
+        ("licenseInfo", c_char * NVML_GRID_LICENSE_BUFFER_SIZE),
+        ("productName", c_char * NVML_GRID_LICENSE_BUFFER_SIZE),
+        ("featureEnabled", c_uint),
+        ("licenseExpiry", c_nvmlGridLicenseExpiry_t),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlGridLicensableFeatures_v4_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("isGridLicenseSupported", c_int),
+        ("licensableFeaturesCount", c_uint),
+        (
+            "gridLicensableFeatures",
+            c_nvmlGridLicensableFeature_v4_t * NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_MAX_COUNT,
+        ),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlGridLicensableFeature_v3_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("featureCode", _nvmlGridLicenseFeatureCode_t),
+        ("featureState", c_uint),
+        ("licenseInfo", c_char * NVML_GRID_LICENSE_BUFFER_SIZE),
+        ("productName", c_char * NVML_GRID_LICENSE_BUFFER_SIZE),
+        ("featureEnabled", c_uint),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlGridLicensableFeatures_v3_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("isGridLicenseSupported", c_int),
+        ("licensableFeaturesCount", c_uint),
+        (
+            "gridLicensableFeatures",
+            c_nvmlGridLicensableFeature_v3_t * NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_MAX_COUNT,
+        ),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlGridLicensableFeature_v2_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("featureCode", _nvmlGridLicenseFeatureCode_t),
+        ("featureState", c_uint),
+        ("licenseInfo", c_char * NVML_GRID_LICENSE_BUFFER_SIZE),
+        ("productName", c_char * NVML_GRID_LICENSE_BUFFER_SIZE),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlGridLicensableFeatures_v2_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("isGridLicenseSupported", c_int),
+        ("licensableFeaturesCount", c_uint),
+        (
+            "gridLicensableFeatures",
+            c_nvmlGridLicensableFeature_v2_t * NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_MAX_COUNT,
+        ),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlGridLicensableFeature_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("featureCode", _nvmlGridLicenseFeatureCode_t),
+        ("featureState", c_uint),
+        ("licenseInfo", c_char * NVML_GRID_LICENSE_BUFFER_SIZE),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlGridLicensableFeatures_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("isGridLicenseSupported", c_int),
+        ("licensableFeaturesCount", c_uint),
+        (
+            "gridLicensableFeatures",
+            c_nvmlGridLicensableFeature_t * NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_MAX_COUNT,
+        ),
+    ]
+
+
+## Event structures
+class struct_c_nvmlEventSet_t(Structure):
+    pass  # opaque handle
+
+
+c_nvmlEventSet_t = POINTER(struct_c_nvmlEventSet_t)
+
+nvmlEventTypeSingleBitEccError = 0x0000000000000001
+nvmlEventTypeDoubleBitEccError = 0x0000000000000002
+nvmlEventTypePState = 0x0000000000000004
+nvmlEventTypeXidCriticalError = 0x0000000000000008
+nvmlEventTypeClock = 0x0000000000000010
+nvmlEventTypePowerSourceChange = 0x0000000000000080
+nvmlEventMigConfigChange = 0x0000000000000100
+nvmlEventTypeNone = 0x0000000000000000
+nvmlEventTypeAll = (
+    nvmlEventTypeNone
+    | nvmlEventTypeSingleBitEccError
+    | nvmlEventTypeDoubleBitEccError
+    | nvmlEventTypePState
+    | nvmlEventTypeClock
+    | nvmlEventTypePowerSourceChange
+    | nvmlEventTypeXidCriticalError
+    | nvmlEventMigConfigChange
+)
+
+## Clock Throttle Reasons defines
+nvmlClocksThrottleReasonGpuIdle = 0x0000000000000001
+nvmlClocksThrottleReasonApplicationsClocksSetting = 0x0000000000000002
+nvmlClocksThrottleReasonUserDefinedClocks = nvmlClocksThrottleReasonApplicationsClocksSetting  # deprecated, use nvmlClocksThrottleReasonApplicationsClocksSetting
+nvmlClocksThrottleReasonSwPowerCap = 0x0000000000000004
+nvmlClocksThrottleReasonHwSlowdown = 0x0000000000000008
+nvmlClocksThrottleReasonSyncBoost = 0x0000000000000010
+nvmlClocksThrottleReasonSwThermalSlowdown = 0x0000000000000020
+nvmlClocksThrottleReasonHwThermalSlowdown = 0x0000000000000040
+nvmlClocksThrottleReasonHwPowerBrakeSlowdown = 0x0000000000000080
+nvmlClocksThrottleReasonDisplayClockSetting = 0x0000000000000100
+nvmlClocksThrottleReasonNone = 0x0000000000000000
+nvmlClocksThrottleReasonAll = (
+    nvmlClocksThrottleReasonNone
+    | nvmlClocksThrottleReasonGpuIdle
+    | nvmlClocksThrottleReasonApplicationsClocksSetting
+    | nvmlClocksThrottleReasonSwPowerCap
+    | nvmlClocksThrottleReasonHwSlowdown
+    | nvmlClocksThrottleReasonSyncBoost
+    | nvmlClocksThrottleReasonSwThermalSlowdown
+    | nvmlClocksThrottleReasonHwThermalSlowdown
+    | nvmlClocksThrottleReasonHwPowerBrakeSlowdown
+    | nvmlClocksThrottleReasonDisplayClockSetting
+)
+
+
+class c_nvmlEventData_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("device", c_nvmlDevice_t),
+        ("eventType", c_ulonglong),
+        ("eventData", c_ulonglong),
+        ("gpuInstanceId", c_uint),
+        ("computeInstanceId", c_uint),
+    ]
+    _fmt_ = {"eventType": "0x%08X"}
+
+
+class c_nvmlAccountingStats_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("gpuUtilization", c_uint),
+        ("memoryUtilization", c_uint),
+        ("maxMemoryUsage", c_ulonglong),
+        ("time", c_ulonglong),
+        ("startTime", c_ulonglong),
+        ("isRunning", c_uint),
+        ("reserved", c_uint * 5),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlVgpuVersion_t(Structure):
+    _fields_ = [("minVersion", c_uint), ("maxVersion", c_uint)]
+
+
+class c_nvmlVgpuMetadata_t(Structure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("version", c_uint),
+        ("revision", c_uint),
+        ("guestInfoState", _nvmlVgpuGuestInfoState_t),
+        ("guestDriverVersion", c_char * NVML_SYSTEM_DRIVER_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE),
+        ("hostDriverVersion", c_char * NVML_SYSTEM_DRIVER_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE),
+        ("reserved", c_uint * 6),
+        ("vgpuVirtualizationCaps", c_uint),
+        ("guestVgpuVersion", c_uint),
+        ("opaqueDataSize", c_uint),
+        ("opaqueData", c_char * NVML_VGPU_METADATA_OPAQUE_DATA_SIZE),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlVgpuPgpuMetadata_t(Structure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("version", c_uint),
+        ("revision", c_uint),
+        ("hostDriverVersion", c_char * NVML_SYSTEM_DRIVER_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE),
+        ("pgpuVirtualizationCaps", c_uint),
+        ("reserved", c_uint * 5),
+        ("hostSupportedVgpuRange", c_nvmlVgpuVersion_t),
+        ("opaqueDataSize", c_uint),
+        ("opaqueData", c_char * NVML_VGPU_PGPU_METADATA_OPAQUE_DATA_SIZE),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlVgpuPgpuCompatibility_t(Structure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("vgpuVmCompatibility", _nvmlVgpuVmCompatibility_t),
+        ("compatibilityLimitCode", _nvmlVgpuPgpuCompatibilityLimitCode_t),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlFBCStats_t(Structure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("sessionsCount", c_uint),
+        ("averageFPS", c_uint),
+        ("averageLatency", c_uint),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlFBCSession_t(_PrintableStructure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("sessionId", c_uint),
+        ("pid", c_uint),
+        ("vgpuInstance", _nvmlVgpuInstance_t),
+        ("displayOrdinal", c_uint),
+        ("sessionType", c_uint),
+        ("sessionFlags", c_uint),
+        ("hMaxResolution", c_uint),
+        ("vMaxResolution", c_uint),
+        ("hResolution", c_uint),
+        ("vResolution", c_uint),
+        ("averageFPS", c_uint),
+        ("averageLatency", c_uint),
+    ]
+
+
+NVML_DEVICE_MIG_DISABLE = 0x0
+NVML_DEVICE_MIG_ENABLE = 0x1
+
+NVML_GPU_INSTANCE_PROFILE_1_SLICE = 0x0
+NVML_GPU_INSTANCE_PROFILE_2_SLICE = 0x1
+NVML_GPU_INSTANCE_PROFILE_3_SLICE = 0x2
+NVML_GPU_INSTANCE_PROFILE_4_SLICE = 0x3
+NVML_GPU_INSTANCE_PROFILE_7_SLICE = 0x4
+NVML_GPU_INSTANCE_PROFILE_8_SLICE = 0x5
+NVML_GPU_INSTANCE_PROFILE_6_SLICE = 0x6
+NVML_GPU_INSTANCE_PROFILE_1_SLICE_REV1 = 0x7
+NVML_GPU_INSTANCE_PROFILE_COUNT = 0x8
+
+
+class c_nvmlGpuInstancePlacement_t(Structure):
+    _fields_ = [("start", c_uint), ("size", c_uint)]
+
+
+class c_nvmlGpuInstanceProfileInfo_t(Structure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("id", c_uint),
+        ("isP2pSupported", c_uint),
+        ("sliceCount", c_uint),
+        ("instanceCount", c_uint),
+        ("multiprocessorCount", c_uint),
+        ("copyEngineCount", c_uint),
+        ("decoderCount", c_uint),
+        ("encoderCount", c_uint),
+        ("jpegCount", c_uint),
+        ("ofaCount", c_uint),
+        ("memorySizeMB", c_ulonglong),
+    ]
+
+
+nvmlGpuInstanceProfileInfo_v2 = 0x02000098
+
+
+class c_nvmlGpuInstanceProfileInfo_v2_t(Structure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("version", c_uint),
+        ("id", c_uint),
+        ("isP2pSupported", c_uint),
+        ("sliceCount", c_uint),
+        ("instanceCount", c_uint),
+        ("multiprocessorCount", c_uint),
+        ("copyEngineCount", c_uint),
+        ("decoderCount", c_uint),
+        ("encoderCount", c_uint),
+        ("jpegCount", c_uint),
+        ("ofaCount", c_uint),
+        ("memorySizeMB", c_ulonglong),
+        ("name", c_char * NVML_DEVICE_NAME_V2_BUFFER_SIZE),
+    ]
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__(version=nvmlGpuInstanceProfileInfo_v2)
+
+
+class c_nvmlGpuInstanceInfo_t(Structure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("device", c_nvmlDevice_t),
+        ("id", c_uint),
+        ("profileId", c_uint),
+        ("placement", c_nvmlGpuInstancePlacement_t),
+    ]
+
+
+class struct_c_nvmlGpuInstance_t(Structure):
+    pass  # opaque handle
+
+
+c_nvmlGpuInstance_t = POINTER(struct_c_nvmlGpuInstance_t)
+
+NVML_COMPUTE_INSTANCE_PROFILE_1_SLICE = 0x0
+NVML_COMPUTE_INSTANCE_PROFILE_2_SLICE = 0x1
+NVML_COMPUTE_INSTANCE_PROFILE_3_SLICE = 0x2
+NVML_COMPUTE_INSTANCE_PROFILE_4_SLICE = 0x3
+NVML_COMPUTE_INSTANCE_PROFILE_7_SLICE = 0x4
+NVML_COMPUTE_INSTANCE_PROFILE_8_SLICE = 0x5
+NVML_COMPUTE_INSTANCE_PROFILE_6_SLICE = 0x6
+NVML_COMPUTE_INSTANCE_PROFILE_COUNT = 0x7
+
+NVML_COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ENGINE_PROFILE_SHARED = 0x0
+NVML_COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ENGINE_PROFILE_COUNT = 0x1
+
+
+class c_nvmlComputeInstancePlacement_t(Structure):
+    _fields_ = [("start", c_uint), ("size", c_uint)]
+
+
+class c_nvmlComputeInstanceProfileInfo_t(Structure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("id", c_uint),
+        ("sliceCount", c_uint),
+        ("instanceCount", c_uint),
+        ("multiprocessorCount", c_uint),
+        ("sharedCopyEngineCount", c_uint),
+        ("sharedDecoderCount", c_uint),
+        ("sharedEncoderCount", c_uint),
+        ("sharedJpegCount", c_uint),
+        ("sharedOfaCount", c_uint),
+    ]
+
+
+nvmlComputeInstanceProfileInfo_v2 = 0x02000088
+
+
+class c_nvmlComputeInstanceProfileInfo_v2_t(Structure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("version", c_uint),
+        ("id", c_uint),
+        ("sliceCount", c_uint),
+        ("instanceCount", c_uint),
+        ("multiprocessorCount", c_uint),
+        ("sharedCopyEngineCount", c_uint),
+        ("sharedDecoderCount", c_uint),
+        ("sharedEncoderCount", c_uint),
+        ("sharedJpegCount", c_uint),
+        ("sharedOfaCount", c_uint),
+        ("name", c_char * NVML_DEVICE_NAME_V2_BUFFER_SIZE),
+    ]
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__(version=nvmlComputeInstanceProfileInfo_v2)
+
+
+class c_nvmlComputeInstanceInfo_t(Structure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("device", c_nvmlDevice_t),
+        ("gpuInstance", c_nvmlGpuInstance_t),
+        ("id", c_uint),
+        ("profileId", c_uint),
+        ("placement", c_nvmlComputeInstancePlacement_t),
+    ]
+
+
+NVML_MAX_GPU_UTILIZATIONS = 8
+NVML_GPU_UTILIZATION_DOMAIN_GPU = 0
+NVML_GPU_UTILIZATION_DOMAIN_FB = 1
+NVML_GPU_UTILIZATION_DOMAIN_VID = 2
+NVML_GPU_UTILIZATION_DOMAIN_BUS = 3
+
+
+class c_nvmlGpuDynamicPstatesUtilization_t(Structure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("bIsPresent", c_uint, 1),
+        ("percentage", c_uint),
+        ("incThreshold", c_uint),
+        ("decThreshold", c_uint),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlGpuDynamicPstatesInfo_t(Structure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("flags", c_uint),
+        (
+            "utilization",
+            c_nvmlGpuDynamicPstatesUtilization_t * NVML_MAX_GPU_UTILIZATIONS,
+        ),
+    ]
+
+
+NVML_MAX_THERMAL_SENSORS_PER_GPU = 3
+
+NVML_THERMAL_TARGET_NONE = 0
+NVML_THERMAL_TARGET_GPU = 1
+NVML_THERMAL_TARGET_MEMORY = 2
+NVML_THERMAL_TARGET_POWER_SUPPLY = 4
+NVML_THERMAL_TARGET_BOARD = 8
+NVML_THERMAL_TARGET_VCD_BOARD = 9
+NVML_THERMAL_TARGET_VCD_INLET = 10
+NVML_THERMAL_TARGET_VCD_OUTLET = 11
+NVML_THERMAL_TARGET_ALL = 15
+NVML_THERMAL_TARGET_UNKNOWN = -1
+
+NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_NONE = 0
+NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_GPU_INTERNAL = 1
+NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_ADM1032 = 2
+NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_ADT7461 = 3
+NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_MAX6649 = 4
+NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_MAX1617 = 5
+NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_LM99 = 6
+NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_LM89 = 7
+NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_LM64 = 8
+NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_G781 = 9
+NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_ADT7473 = 10
+NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_SBMAX6649 = 11
+NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_VBIOSEVT = 12
+NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_OS = 13
+NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_NVSYSCON_CANOAS = 14
+NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_NVSYSCON_E551 = 15
+NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_MAX6649R = 16
+NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_ADT7473S = 17
+NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_UNKNOWN = -1
+
+
+class c_nvmlGpuThermalSensor_t(Structure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("controller", c_int),
+        ("defaultMinTemp", c_uint),
+        ("defaultMaxTemp", c_uint),
+        ("currentTemp", c_uint),
+        ("target", c_int),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlGpuThermalSettings_t(Structure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("count", c_uint),
+        ("sensor", c_nvmlGpuThermalSensor_t * NVML_MAX_THERMAL_SENSORS_PER_GPU),
+    ]
+
+
+class struct_c_nvmlComputeInstance_t(Structure):
+    pass  # opaque handle
+
+
+c_nvmlComputeInstance_t = POINTER(struct_c_nvmlComputeInstance_t)
+
+
+class c_nvmlDeviceAttributes(Structure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("multiprocessorCount", c_uint),
+        ("sharedCopyEngineCount", c_uint),
+        ("sharedDecoderCount", c_uint),
+        ("sharedEncoderCount", c_uint),
+        ("sharedJpegCount", c_uint),
+        ("sharedOfaCount", c_uint),
+        ("gpuInstanceSliceCount", c_uint),
+        ("computeInstanceSliceCount", c_uint),
+        ("memorySizeMB", c_ulonglong),
+    ]
+
+
+class c_nvmlRowRemapperHistogramValues(Structure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("max", c_uint),
+        ("high", c_uint),
+        ("partial", c_uint),
+        ("low", c_uint),
+        ("none", c_uint),
+    ]
+
+
+## string/bytes conversion for ease of use
+def convertStrBytes(func):
+    """
+    In python 3, strings are unicode instead of bytes, and need to be converted for ctypes
+    Args from caller: (1, 'string', <__main__.c_nvmlDevice_t at 0xFFFFFFFF>)
+    Args passed to function: (1, b'string', <__main__.c_nvmlDevice_t at 0xFFFFFFFF)>
+    ----
+    Returned from function: b'returned string'
+    Returned to caller: 'returned string'
+    """
+
+    @wraps(func)
+    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+        # encoding a str returns bytes in python 2 and 3
+        args = [arg.encode() if isinstance(arg, str) else arg for arg in args]
+        res = func(*args, **kwargs)
+        # In python 2, str and bytes are the same
+        # In python 3, str is unicode and should be decoded.
+        # Ctypes handles most conversions, this only effects c_char and char arrays.
+        if isinstance(res, bytes):
+            if isinstance(res, str):
+                return res
+            return res.decode()
+        return res
+
+    return wrapper
+    return func
+
+
+## C function wrappers ##
+def nvmlInitWithFlags(flags):
+    _LoadNvmlLibrary()
+
+    #
+    # Initialize the library
+    #
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlInitWithFlags")
+    ret = fn(flags)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+
+    # Atomically update refcount
+    global _nvmlLib_refcount
+    libLoadLock.acquire()
+    _nvmlLib_refcount += 1
+    libLoadLock.release()
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlInit():
+    nvmlInitWithFlags(0)
+    return None
+
+
+def _LoadNvmlLibrary():
+    """
+    Load the library if it isn't loaded already
+    """
+    global nvmlLib
+
+    if nvmlLib is None:
+        # lock to ensure only one caller loads the library
+        libLoadLock.acquire()
+
+        try:
+            # ensure the library still isn't loaded
+            if nvmlLib is None:
+                if sys.platform[:3] == "win":
+                    # cdecl calling convention
+                    # First, check for nvml.dll in System32 first for DCH drivers.
+                    # If nvml.dll is not found in System32, it should be in ProgramFiles
+                    # load nvml.dll from %ProgramFiles%/NVIDIA Corporation/NVSMI/nvml.dll
+                    search_paths = [
+                        os.path.join(
+                            os.getenv("WINDIR", "C:/Windows"), "System32/nvml.dll"
+                        ),
+                        os.path.join(
+                            os.getenv("ProgramFiles", "C:/Program Files"),
+                            "NVIDIA Corporation/NVSMI/nvml.dll",
+                        ),
+                    ]
+                    # Finally, it may be overridden by an environment variable
+                    nvml_path = os.getenv("NVML_DLL_PATH")
+                    if nvml_path is not None:
+                        search_paths.append(nvml_path)
+                    for dll_path in search_paths:
+                        try:
+                            nvmlLib = CDLL(dll_path)
+                        except OSError as ose:
+                            continue
+                        break
+                else:
+                    # assume linux
+                    try:
+                        nvmlLib = CDLL("libnvidia-ml.so.1")
+                    except OSError as ose:
+                        _nvmlCheckReturn(NVML_ERROR_LIBRARY_NOT_FOUND)
+                if nvmlLib is None:
+                    _nvmlCheckReturn(NVML_ERROR_LIBRARY_NOT_FOUND)
+        finally:
+            # lock is always freed
+            libLoadLock.release()
+
+
+def nvmlShutdown():
+    #
+    # Leave the library loaded, but shutdown the interface
+    #
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlShutdown")
+    ret = fn()
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+
+    # Atomically update refcount
+    global _nvmlLib_refcount
+    libLoadLock.acquire()
+    if 0 < _nvmlLib_refcount:
+        _nvmlLib_refcount -= 1
+    libLoadLock.release()
+    return None
+
+
+# Added in 2.285
+@convertStrBytes
+def nvmlErrorString(result):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlErrorString")
+    fn.restype = c_char_p  # otherwise return is an int
+    ret = fn(result)
+    return ret
+
+
+# Added in 2.285
+@convertStrBytes
+def nvmlSystemGetNVMLVersion():
+    c_version = create_string_buffer(NVML_SYSTEM_NVML_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemGetNVMLVersion")
+    ret = fn(c_version, c_uint(NVML_SYSTEM_NVML_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_version.value
+
+
+def nvmlSystemGetCudaDriverVersion():
+    c_cuda_version = c_int()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemGetCudaDriverVersion")
+    ret = fn(byref(c_cuda_version))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_cuda_version.value
+
+
+def nvmlSystemGetCudaDriverVersion_v2():
+    c_cuda_version = c_int()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemGetCudaDriverVersion_v2")
+    ret = fn(byref(c_cuda_version))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_cuda_version.value
+
+
+# Added in 2.285
+@convertStrBytes
+def nvmlSystemGetProcessName(pid):
+    c_name = create_string_buffer(1024)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemGetProcessName")
+    ret = fn(c_uint(pid), c_name, c_uint(1024))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_name.value
+
+
+@convertStrBytes
+def nvmlSystemGetDriverVersion():
+    c_version = create_string_buffer(NVML_SYSTEM_DRIVER_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemGetDriverVersion")
+    ret = fn(c_version, c_uint(NVML_SYSTEM_DRIVER_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_version.value
+
+
+# Added in 2.285
+def nvmlSystemGetHicVersion():
+    c_count = c_uint(0)
+    hics = None
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemGetHicVersion")
+
+    # get the count
+    ret = fn(byref(c_count), None)
+
+    # this should only fail with insufficient size
+    if (ret != NVML_SUCCESS) and (ret != NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE):
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+
+    # If there are no hics
+    if c_count.value == 0:
+        return []
+
+    hic_array = c_nvmlHwbcEntry_t * c_count.value
+    hics = hic_array()
+    ret = fn(byref(c_count), hics)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return hics
+
+
+## Unit get functions
+def nvmlUnitGetCount():
+    c_count = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlUnitGetCount")
+    ret = fn(byref(c_count))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_count.value
+
+
+def nvmlUnitGetHandleByIndex(index):
+    c_index = c_uint(index)
+    unit = c_nvmlUnit_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlUnitGetHandleByIndex")
+    ret = fn(c_index, byref(unit))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return unit
+
+
+def nvmlUnitGetUnitInfo(unit):
+    c_info = c_nvmlUnitInfo_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlUnitGetUnitInfo")
+    ret = fn(unit, byref(c_info))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_info
+
+
+def nvmlUnitGetLedState(unit):
+    c_state = c_nvmlLedState_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlUnitGetLedState")
+    ret = fn(unit, byref(c_state))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_state
+
+
+def nvmlUnitGetPsuInfo(unit):
+    c_info = c_nvmlPSUInfo_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlUnitGetPsuInfo")
+    ret = fn(unit, byref(c_info))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_info
+
+
+def nvmlUnitGetTemperature(unit, type):
+    c_temp = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlUnitGetTemperature")
+    ret = fn(unit, c_uint(type), byref(c_temp))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_temp.value
+
+
+def nvmlUnitGetFanSpeedInfo(unit):
+    c_speeds = c_nvmlUnitFanSpeeds_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlUnitGetFanSpeedInfo")
+    ret = fn(unit, byref(c_speeds))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_speeds
+
+
+# added to API
+def nvmlUnitGetDeviceCount(unit):
+    c_count = c_uint(0)
+    # query the unit to determine device count
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlUnitGetDevices")
+    ret = fn(unit, byref(c_count), None)
+    if ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
+        ret = NVML_SUCCESS
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_count.value
+
+
+def nvmlUnitGetDevices(unit):
+    c_count = c_uint(nvmlUnitGetDeviceCount(unit))
+    device_array = c_nvmlDevice_t * c_count.value
+    c_devices = device_array()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlUnitGetDevices")
+    ret = fn(unit, byref(c_count), c_devices)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_devices
+
+
+## Device get functions
+def nvmlDeviceGetCount():
+    c_count = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetCount_v2")
+    ret = fn(byref(c_count))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_count.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetHandleByIndex(index):
+    c_index = c_uint(index)
+    device = c_nvmlDevice_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetHandleByIndex_v2")
+    ret = fn(c_index, byref(device))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return device
+
+
+@convertStrBytes
+def nvmlDeviceGetHandleBySerial(serial):
+    c_serial = c_char_p(serial)
+    device = c_nvmlDevice_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetHandleBySerial")
+    ret = fn(c_serial, byref(device))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return device
+
+
+@convertStrBytes
+def nvmlDeviceGetHandleByUUID(uuid):
+    c_uuid = c_char_p(uuid)
+    device = c_nvmlDevice_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetHandleByUUID")
+    ret = fn(c_uuid, byref(device))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return device
+
+
+@convertStrBytes
+def nvmlDeviceGetHandleByPciBusId(pciBusId):
+    c_busId = c_char_p(pciBusId)
+    device = c_nvmlDevice_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetHandleByPciBusId_v2")
+    ret = fn(c_busId, byref(device))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return device
+
+
+@convertStrBytes
+def nvmlDeviceGetName(handle):
+    c_name = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_NAME_V2_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetName")
+    ret = fn(handle, c_name, c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_NAME_V2_BUFFER_SIZE))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_name.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetBoardId(handle):
+    c_id = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetBoardId")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_id))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_id.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetMultiGpuBoard(handle):
+    c_multiGpu = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMultiGpuBoard")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_multiGpu))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_multiGpu.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetBrand(handle):
+    c_type = _nvmlBrandType_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetBrand")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_type))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_type.value
+
+
+@convertStrBytes
+def nvmlDeviceGetBoardPartNumber(handle):
+    c_part_number = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_PART_NUMBER_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetBoardPartNumber")
+    ret = fn(handle, c_part_number, c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_PART_NUMBER_BUFFER_SIZE))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_part_number.value
+
+
+@convertStrBytes
+def nvmlDeviceGetSerial(handle):
+    c_serial = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_SERIAL_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetSerial")
+    ret = fn(handle, c_serial, c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_SERIAL_BUFFER_SIZE))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_serial.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetMemoryAffinity(handle, nodeSetSize, scope):
+    affinity_array = c_ulonglong * nodeSetSize
+    c_affinity = affinity_array()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMemoryAffinity")
+    ret = fn(handle, nodeSetSize, byref(c_affinity), _nvmlAffinityScope_t(scope))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_affinity
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetCpuAffinityWithinScope(handle, cpuSetSize, scope):
+    affinity_array = c_ulonglong * cpuSetSize
+    c_affinity = affinity_array()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetCpuAffinityWithinScope")
+    ret = fn(handle, cpuSetSize, byref(c_affinity), _nvmlAffinityScope_t(scope))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_affinity
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetCpuAffinity(handle, cpuSetSize):
+    affinity_array = c_ulonglong * cpuSetSize
+    c_affinity = affinity_array()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetCpuAffinity")
+    ret = fn(handle, cpuSetSize, byref(c_affinity))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_affinity
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceSetCpuAffinity(handle):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetCpuAffinity")
+    ret = fn(handle)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceClearCpuAffinity(handle):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceClearCpuAffinity")
+    ret = fn(handle)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetMinorNumber(handle):
+    c_minor_number = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMinorNumber")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_minor_number))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_minor_number.value
+
+
+@convertStrBytes
+def nvmlDeviceGetUUID(handle):
+    c_uuid = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_UUID_V2_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetUUID")
+    ret = fn(handle, c_uuid, c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_UUID_V2_BUFFER_SIZE))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_uuid.value
+
+
+@convertStrBytes
+def nvmlDeviceGetInforomVersion(handle, infoRomObject):
+    c_version = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_INFOROM_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetInforomVersion")
+    ret = fn(
+        handle,
+        _nvmlInforomObject_t(infoRomObject),
+        c_version,
+        c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_INFOROM_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE),
+    )
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_version.value
+
+
+# Added in 4.304
+@convertStrBytes
+def nvmlDeviceGetInforomImageVersion(handle):
+    c_version = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_INFOROM_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetInforomImageVersion")
+    ret = fn(handle, c_version, c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_INFOROM_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_version.value
+
+
+# Added in 4.304
+def nvmlDeviceGetInforomConfigurationChecksum(handle):
+    c_checksum = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetInforomConfigurationChecksum")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_checksum))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_checksum.value
+
+
+# Added in 4.304
+def nvmlDeviceValidateInforom(handle):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceValidateInforom")
+    ret = fn(handle)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetDisplayMode(handle):
+    c_mode = _nvmlEnableState_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetDisplayMode")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_mode))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_mode.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetDisplayActive(handle):
+    c_mode = _nvmlEnableState_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetDisplayActive")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_mode))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_mode.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetPersistenceMode(handle):
+    c_state = _nvmlEnableState_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPersistenceMode")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_state))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_state.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetPciInfo_v3(handle):
+    c_info = nvmlPciInfo_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPciInfo_v3")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_info))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_info
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetPciInfo(handle):
+    return nvmlDeviceGetPciInfo_v3(handle)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetClockInfo(handle, type):
+    c_clock = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetClockInfo")
+    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlClockType_t(type), byref(c_clock))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_clock.value
+
+
+# Added in 2.285
+def nvmlDeviceGetMaxClockInfo(handle, type):
+    c_clock = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMaxClockInfo")
+    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlClockType_t(type), byref(c_clock))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_clock.value
+
+
+# Added in 4.304
+def nvmlDeviceGetApplicationsClock(handle, type):
+    c_clock = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetApplicationsClock")
+    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlClockType_t(type), byref(c_clock))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_clock.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetMaxCustomerBoostClock(handle, type):
+    c_clock = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMaxCustomerBoostClock")
+    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlClockType_t(type), byref(c_clock))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_clock.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetClock(handle, type, id):
+    c_clock = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetClock")
+    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlClockType_t(type), _nvmlClockId_t(id), byref(c_clock))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_clock.value
+
+
+# Added in 5.319
+def nvmlDeviceGetDefaultApplicationsClock(handle, type):
+    c_clock = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetDefaultApplicationsClock")
+    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlClockType_t(type), byref(c_clock))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_clock.value
+
+
+# Added in 4.304
+def nvmlDeviceGetSupportedMemoryClocks(handle):
+    # first call to get the size
+    c_count = c_uint(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetSupportedMemoryClocks")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_count), None)
+
+    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
+        # special case, no clocks
+        return []
+    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
+        # typical case
+        clocks_array = c_uint * c_count.value
+        c_clocks = clocks_array()
+
+        # make the call again
+        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_count), c_clocks)
+        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+
+        procs = []
+        for i in range(c_count.value):
+            procs.append(c_clocks[i])
+
+        return procs
+    else:
+        # error case
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+
+
+# Added in 4.304
+def nvmlDeviceGetSupportedGraphicsClocks(handle, memoryClockMHz):
+    # first call to get the size
+    c_count = c_uint(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetSupportedGraphicsClocks")
+    ret = fn(handle, c_uint(memoryClockMHz), byref(c_count), None)
+
+    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
+        # special case, no clocks
+        return []
+    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
+        # typical case
+        clocks_array = c_uint * c_count.value
+        c_clocks = clocks_array()
+
+        # make the call again
+        ret = fn(handle, c_uint(memoryClockMHz), byref(c_count), c_clocks)
+        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+
+        procs = []
+        for i in range(c_count.value):
+            procs.append(c_clocks[i])
+
+        return procs
+    else:
+        # error case
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetFanSpeed(handle):
+    c_speed = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetFanSpeed")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_speed))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_speed.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetFanSpeed_v2(handle, fan):
+    c_speed = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetFanSpeed_v2")
+    ret = fn(handle, fan, byref(c_speed))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_speed.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetNumFans(device):
+    c_numFans = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetNumFans")
+    ret = fn(device, byref(c_numFans))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_numFans.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceSetDefaultFanSpeed_v2(handle, index):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetDefaultFanSpeed_v2")
+    ret = fn(handle, index)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return ret
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetMinMaxFanSpeed(handle, minSpeed, maxSpeed):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMinMaxFanSpeed")
+    ret = fn(handle, minSpeed, maxSpeed)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return ret
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetTemperature(handle, sensor):
+    c_temp = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetTemperature")
+    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlTemperatureSensors_t(sensor), byref(c_temp))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_temp.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetTemperatureThreshold(handle, threshold):
+    c_temp = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetTemperatureThreshold")
+    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlTemperatureThresholds_t(threshold), byref(c_temp))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_temp.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceSetTemperatureThreshold(handle, threshold):
+    c_temp = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetTemperatureThreshold")
+    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlTemperatureThresholds_t(threshold), byref(c_temp))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+# DEPRECATED use nvmlDeviceGetPerformanceState
+def nvmlDeviceGetPowerState(handle):
+    c_pstate = _nvmlPstates_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPowerState")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_pstate))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_pstate.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetPerformanceState(handle):
+    c_pstate = _nvmlPstates_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPerformanceState")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_pstate))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_pstate.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetPowerManagementMode(handle):
+    c_pcapMode = _nvmlEnableState_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPowerManagementMode")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_pcapMode))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_pcapMode.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetPowerManagementLimit(handle):
+    c_limit = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPowerManagementLimit")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_limit))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_limit.value
+
+
+# Added in 4.304
+def nvmlDeviceGetPowerManagementLimitConstraints(handle):
+    c_minLimit = c_uint()
+    c_maxLimit = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPowerManagementLimitConstraints")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_minLimit), byref(c_maxLimit))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return [c_minLimit.value, c_maxLimit.value]
+
+
+# Added in 4.304
+def nvmlDeviceGetPowerManagementDefaultLimit(handle):
+    c_limit = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPowerManagementDefaultLimit")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_limit))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_limit.value
+
+
+# Added in 331
+def nvmlDeviceGetEnforcedPowerLimit(handle):
+    c_limit = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetEnforcedPowerLimit")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_limit))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_limit.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetPowerUsage(handle):
+    c_watts = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPowerUsage")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_watts))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_watts.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetTotalEnergyConsumption(handle):
+    c_millijoules = c_uint64()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetTotalEnergyConsumption")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_millijoules))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_millijoules.value
+
+
+# Added in 4.304
+def nvmlDeviceGetGpuOperationMode(handle):
+    c_currState = _nvmlGpuOperationMode_t()
+    c_pendingState = _nvmlGpuOperationMode_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGpuOperationMode")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_currState), byref(c_pendingState))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return [c_currState.value, c_pendingState.value]
+
+
+# Added in 4.304
+def nvmlDeviceGetCurrentGpuOperationMode(handle):
+    return nvmlDeviceGetGpuOperationMode(handle)[0]
+
+
+# Added in 4.304
+def nvmlDeviceGetPendingGpuOperationMode(handle):
+    return nvmlDeviceGetGpuOperationMode(handle)[1]
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetMemoryInfo(handle, version=None):
+    if not version:
+        c_memory = c_nvmlMemory_t()
+        fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMemoryInfo")
+    else:
+        c_memory = c_nvmlMemory_v2_t()
+        c_memory.version = version
+        fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMemoryInfo_v2")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_memory))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_memory
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetBAR1MemoryInfo(handle):
+    c_bar1_memory = c_nvmlBAR1Memory_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetBAR1MemoryInfo")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_bar1_memory))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_bar1_memory
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetComputeMode(handle):
+    c_mode = _nvmlComputeMode_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetComputeMode")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_mode))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_mode.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetCudaComputeCapability(handle):
+    c_major = c_int()
+    c_minor = c_int()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetCudaComputeCapability")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_major), byref(c_minor))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return (c_major.value, c_minor.value)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetEccMode(handle):
+    c_currState = _nvmlEnableState_t()
+    c_pendingState = _nvmlEnableState_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetEccMode")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_currState), byref(c_pendingState))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return [c_currState.value, c_pendingState.value]
+
+
+# added to API
+def nvmlDeviceGetCurrentEccMode(handle):
+    return nvmlDeviceGetEccMode(handle)[0]
+
+
+# added to API
+def nvmlDeviceGetPendingEccMode(handle):
+    return nvmlDeviceGetEccMode(handle)[1]
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetDefaultEccMode(handle):
+    c_defaultState = _nvmlEnableState_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetDefaultEccMode")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_defaultState))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return [c_defaultState.value]
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetTotalEccErrors(handle, errorType, counterType):
+    c_count = c_ulonglong()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetTotalEccErrors")
+    ret = fn(
+        handle,
+        _nvmlMemoryErrorType_t(errorType),
+        _nvmlEccCounterType_t(counterType),
+        byref(c_count),
+    )
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_count.value
+
+
+# This is deprecated, instead use nvmlDeviceGetMemoryErrorCounter
+def nvmlDeviceGetDetailedEccErrors(handle, errorType, counterType):
+    c_counts = c_nvmlEccErrorCounts_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetDetailedEccErrors")
+    ret = fn(
+        handle,
+        _nvmlMemoryErrorType_t(errorType),
+        _nvmlEccCounterType_t(counterType),
+        byref(c_counts),
+    )
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_counts
+
+
+# Added in 4.304
+def nvmlDeviceGetMemoryErrorCounter(handle, errorType, counterType, locationType):
+    c_count = c_ulonglong()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMemoryErrorCounter")
+    ret = fn(
+        handle,
+        _nvmlMemoryErrorType_t(errorType),
+        _nvmlEccCounterType_t(counterType),
+        _nvmlMemoryLocation_t(locationType),
+        byref(c_count),
+    )
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_count.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetUtilizationRates(handle):
+    c_util = c_nvmlUtilization_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetUtilizationRates")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_util))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_util
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetEncoderUtilization(handle):
+    c_util = c_uint()
+    c_samplingPeriod = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetEncoderUtilization")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_util), byref(c_samplingPeriod))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return [c_util.value, c_samplingPeriod.value]
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetDecoderUtilization(handle):
+    c_util = c_uint()
+    c_samplingPeriod = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetDecoderUtilization")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_util), byref(c_samplingPeriod))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return [c_util.value, c_samplingPeriod.value]
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetPcieReplayCounter(handle):
+    c_replay = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPcieReplayCounter")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_replay))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_replay.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetDriverModel(handle):
+    c_currModel = _nvmlDriverModel_t()
+    c_pendingModel = _nvmlDriverModel_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetDriverModel")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_currModel), byref(c_pendingModel))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return [c_currModel.value, c_pendingModel.value]
+
+
+# added to API
+def nvmlDeviceGetCurrentDriverModel(handle):
+    return nvmlDeviceGetDriverModel(handle)[0]
+
+
+# added to API
+def nvmlDeviceGetPendingDriverModel(handle):
+    return nvmlDeviceGetDriverModel(handle)[1]
+
+
+# Added in 2.285
+@convertStrBytes
+def nvmlDeviceGetVbiosVersion(handle):
+    c_version = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_VBIOS_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetVbiosVersion")
+    ret = fn(handle, c_version, c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_VBIOS_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_version.value
+
+
+# Added in 2.285
+def nvmlDeviceGetComputeRunningProcesses_v3(handle):
+    # first call to get the size
+    c_count = c_uint(0)
+    fn = None
+    for suffix in ("_v3", "_v2", ""):
+        try:
+            fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer(
+                f"nvmlDeviceGetComputeRunningProcesses{suffix}"
+            )
+            break
+        except NVMLError:
+            pass
+    if fn is None:
+        raise NVMLError(NVML_ERROR_FUNCTION_NOT_FOUND)
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_count), None)
+
+    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
+        # special case, no running processes
+        return []
+    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
+        # typical case
+        # oversize the array incase more processes are created
+        c_count.value = c_count.value * 2 + 5
+        proc_array = c_nvmlProcessInfo_t * c_count.value
+        c_procs = proc_array()
+
+        # make the call again
+        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_count), c_procs)
+        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+
+        procs = []
+        for i in range(c_count.value):
+            # use an alternative struct for this object
+            obj = nvmlStructToFriendlyObject(c_procs[i])
+            if obj.usedGpuMemory == NVML_VALUE_NOT_AVAILABLE_ulonglong.value:
+                # special case for WDDM on Windows, see comment above
+                obj.usedGpuMemory = None
+            procs.append(obj)
+
+        return procs
+    else:
+        # error case
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetComputeRunningProcesses(handle):
+    return nvmlDeviceGetComputeRunningProcesses_v3(handle)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetGraphicsRunningProcesses_v3(handle):
+    # first call to get the size
+    c_count = c_uint(0)
+    fn = None
+    for suffix in ("_v3", "_v2", ""):
+        try:
+            fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer(
+                f"nvmlDeviceGetGraphicsRunningProcesses{suffix}"
+            )
+            break
+        except NVMLError:
+            pass
+    if fn is None:
+        raise NVMLError(NVML_ERROR_FUNCTION_NOT_FOUND)
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_count), None)
+
+    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
+        # special case, no running processes
+        return []
+    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
+        # typical case
+        # oversize the array incase more processes are created
+        c_count.value = c_count.value * 2 + 5
+        proc_array = c_nvmlProcessInfo_t * c_count.value
+        c_procs = proc_array()
+
+        # make the call again
+        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_count), c_procs)
+        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+
+        procs = []
+        for i in range(c_count.value):
+            # use an alternative struct for this object
+            obj = nvmlStructToFriendlyObject(c_procs[i])
+            if obj.usedGpuMemory == NVML_VALUE_NOT_AVAILABLE_ulonglong.value:
+                # special case for WDDM on Windows, see comment above
+                obj.usedGpuMemory = None
+            procs.append(obj)
+
+        return procs
+    else:
+        # error case
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetGraphicsRunningProcesses(handle):
+    return nvmlDeviceGetGraphicsRunningProcesses_v3(handle)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetMPSComputeRunningProcesses(handle):
+    return nvmlDeviceGetMPSComputeRunningProcesses_v3(handle)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetMPSComputeRunningProcesses_v3(handle):
+    # first call to get the size
+    c_count = c_uint(0)
+    fn = None
+    for suffix in ("_v3", "_v2", ""):
+        try:
+            fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer(
+                f"nvmlDeviceGetMPSComputeRunningProcesses{suffix}"
+            )
+            break
+        except NVMLError:
+            pass
+    if fn is None:
+        raise NVMLError(NVML_ERROR_FUNCTION_NOT_FOUND)
+
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_count), None)
+
+    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
+        # special case, no running processes
+        return []
+    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
+        # typical case
+        # oversize the array incase more processes are created
+        c_count.value = c_count.value * 2 + 5
+        proc_array = c_nvmlProcessInfo_t * c_count.value
+        c_procs = proc_array()
+
+        # make the call again
+        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_count), c_procs)
+        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+
+        procs = []
+        for i in range(c_count.value):
+            # use an alternative struct for this object
+            obj = nvmlStructToFriendlyObject(c_procs[i])
+            if obj.usedGpuMemory == NVML_VALUE_NOT_AVAILABLE_ulonglong.value:
+                # special case for WDDM on Windows, see comment above
+                obj.usedGpuMemory = None
+            procs.append(obj)
+
+        return procs
+    else:
+        # error case
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetAutoBoostedClocksEnabled(handle):
+    c_isEnabled = _nvmlEnableState_t()
+    c_defaultIsEnabled = _nvmlEnableState_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetAutoBoostedClocksEnabled")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_isEnabled), byref(c_defaultIsEnabled))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return [c_isEnabled.value, c_defaultIsEnabled.value]
+    # Throws NVML_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED if hardware doesn't support setting auto boosted clocks
+
+
+## Set functions
+def nvmlUnitSetLedState(unit, color):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlUnitSetLedState")
+    ret = fn(unit, _nvmlLedColor_t(color))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceSetPersistenceMode(handle, mode):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetPersistenceMode")
+    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlEnableState_t(mode))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceSetComputeMode(handle, mode):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetComputeMode")
+    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlComputeMode_t(mode))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceSetEccMode(handle, mode):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetEccMode")
+    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlEnableState_t(mode))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceClearEccErrorCounts(handle, counterType):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceClearEccErrorCounts")
+    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlEccCounterType_t(counterType))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceSetDriverModel(handle, model):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetDriverModel")
+    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlDriverModel_t(model))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceSetAutoBoostedClocksEnabled(handle, enabled):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetAutoBoostedClocksEnabled")
+    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlEnableState_t(enabled))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+    # Throws NVML_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED if hardware doesn't support setting auto boosted clocks
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceSetDefaultAutoBoostedClocksEnabled(handle, enabled, flags):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetDefaultAutoBoostedClocksEnabled")
+    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlEnableState_t(enabled), c_uint(flags))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+    # Throws NVML_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED if hardware doesn't support setting auto boosted clocks
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceSetGpuLockedClocks(handle, minGpuClockMHz, maxGpuClockMHz):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetGpuLockedClocks")
+    ret = fn(handle, c_uint(minGpuClockMHz), c_uint(maxGpuClockMHz))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceResetGpuLockedClocks(handle):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceResetGpuLockedClocks")
+    ret = fn(handle)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceSetMemoryLockedClocks(handle, minMemClockMHz, maxMemClockMHz):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetMemoryLockedClocks")
+    ret = fn(handle, c_uint(minMemClockMHz), c_uint(maxMemClockMHz))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceResetMemoryLockedClocks(handle):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceResetMemoryLockedClocks")
+    ret = fn(handle)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetClkMonStatus(handle, c_clkMonInfo):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetClkMonStatus")
+    ret = fn(handle, c_clkMonInfo)
+    return ret
+
+
+# Added in 4.304
+def nvmlDeviceSetApplicationsClocks(handle, maxMemClockMHz, maxGraphicsClockMHz):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetApplicationsClocks")
+    ret = fn(handle, c_uint(maxMemClockMHz), c_uint(maxGraphicsClockMHz))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+# Added in 4.304
+def nvmlDeviceResetApplicationsClocks(handle):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceResetApplicationsClocks")
+    ret = fn(handle)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+# Added in 4.304
+def nvmlDeviceSetPowerManagementLimit(handle, limit):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetPowerManagementLimit")
+    ret = fn(handle, c_uint(limit))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+# Added in 4.304
+def nvmlDeviceSetGpuOperationMode(handle, mode):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetGpuOperationMode")
+    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlGpuOperationMode_t(mode))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+# Added in 2.285
+def nvmlEventSetCreate():
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlEventSetCreate")
+    eventSet = c_nvmlEventSet_t()
+    ret = fn(byref(eventSet))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return eventSet
+
+
+# Added in 2.285
+def nvmlDeviceRegisterEvents(handle, eventTypes, eventSet):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceRegisterEvents")
+    ret = fn(handle, c_ulonglong(eventTypes), eventSet)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+# Added in 2.285
+def nvmlDeviceGetSupportedEventTypes(handle):
+    c_eventTypes = c_ulonglong()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetSupportedEventTypes")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_eventTypes))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_eventTypes.value
+
+
+# raises NVML_ERROR_TIMEOUT exception on timeout
+def nvmlEventSetWait_v2(eventSet, timeoutms):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlEventSetWait_v2")
+    data = c_nvmlEventData_t()
+    ret = fn(eventSet, byref(data), c_uint(timeoutms))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return data
+
+
+def nvmlEventSetWait(eventSet, timeoutms):
+    return nvmlEventSetWait_v2(eventSet, timeoutms)
+
+
+# Added in 2.285
+def nvmlEventSetFree(eventSet):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlEventSetFree")
+    ret = fn(eventSet)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+# Added in 3.295
+def nvmlDeviceOnSameBoard(handle1, handle2):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceOnSameBoard")
+    onSameBoard = c_int()
+    ret = fn(handle1, handle2, byref(onSameBoard))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return onSameBoard.value != 0
+
+
+# Added in 3.295
+def nvmlDeviceGetCurrPcieLinkGeneration(handle):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetCurrPcieLinkGeneration")
+    gen = c_uint()
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(gen))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return gen.value
+
+
+# Added in 3.295
+def nvmlDeviceGetMaxPcieLinkGeneration(handle):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMaxPcieLinkGeneration")
+    gen = c_uint()
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(gen))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return gen.value
+
+
+# Added in 3.295
+def nvmlDeviceGetCurrPcieLinkWidth(handle):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetCurrPcieLinkWidth")
+    width = c_uint()
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(width))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return width.value
+
+
+# Added in 3.295
+def nvmlDeviceGetMaxPcieLinkWidth(handle):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMaxPcieLinkWidth")
+    width = c_uint()
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(width))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return width.value
+
+
+# Added in 4.304
+def nvmlDeviceGetSupportedClocksThrottleReasons(handle):
+    c_reasons = c_ulonglong()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetSupportedClocksThrottleReasons")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_reasons))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_reasons.value
+
+
+# Added in 4.304
+def nvmlDeviceGetCurrentClocksThrottleReasons(handle):
+    c_reasons = c_ulonglong()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetCurrentClocksThrottleReasons")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_reasons))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_reasons.value
+
+
+# Added in 5.319
+def nvmlDeviceGetIndex(handle):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetIndex")
+    c_index = c_uint()
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_index))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_index.value
+
+
+# Added in 5.319
+def nvmlDeviceGetAccountingMode(handle):
+    c_mode = _nvmlEnableState_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetAccountingMode")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_mode))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_mode.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceSetAccountingMode(handle, mode):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetAccountingMode")
+    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlEnableState_t(mode))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceClearAccountingPids(handle):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceClearAccountingPids")
+    ret = fn(handle)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetAccountingStats(handle, pid):
+    stats = c_nvmlAccountingStats_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetAccountingStats")
+    ret = fn(handle, c_uint(pid), byref(stats))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    if stats.maxMemoryUsage == NVML_VALUE_NOT_AVAILABLE_ulonglong.value:
+        # special case for WDDM on Windows, see comment above
+        stats.maxMemoryUsage = None
+    return stats
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetAccountingPids(handle):
+    count = c_uint(nvmlDeviceGetAccountingBufferSize(handle))
+    pids = (c_uint * count.value)()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetAccountingPids")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(count), pids)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return list(map(int, pids[0 : count.value]))
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetAccountingBufferSize(handle):
+    bufferSize = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetAccountingBufferSize")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(bufferSize))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return int(bufferSize.value)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetRetiredPages(device, sourceFilter):
+    c_source = _nvmlPageRetirementCause_t(sourceFilter)
+    c_count = c_uint(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetRetiredPages")
+
+    # First call will get the size
+    ret = fn(device, c_source, byref(c_count), None)
+
+    # this should only fail with insufficient size
+    if (ret != NVML_SUCCESS) and (ret != NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE):
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+
+    # call again with a buffer
+    # oversize the array for the rare cases where additional pages
+    # are retired between NVML calls
+    c_count.value = c_count.value * 2 + 5
+    page_array = c_ulonglong * c_count.value
+    c_pages = page_array()
+    ret = fn(device, c_source, byref(c_count), c_pages)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return list(map(int, c_pages[0 : c_count.value]))
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetRetiredPages_v2(device, sourceFilter):
+    c_source = _nvmlPageRetirementCause_t(sourceFilter)
+    c_count = c_uint(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetRetiredPages_v2")
+
+    # First call will get the size
+    ret = fn(device, c_source, byref(c_count), None)
+
+    # this should only fail with insufficient size
+    if (ret != NVML_SUCCESS) and (ret != NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE):
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+
+    # call again with a buffer
+    # oversize the array for the rare cases where additional pages
+    # are retired between NVML calls
+    c_count.value = c_count.value * 2 + 5
+    page_array = c_ulonglong * c_count.value
+    c_pages = page_array()
+    times_array = c_ulonglong * c_count.value
+    c_times = times_array()
+    ret = fn(device, c_source, byref(c_count), c_pages, c_times)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return [
+        {"address": int(c_pages[i]), "timestamp": int(c_times[i])}
+        for i in range(c_count.value)
+    ]
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetRetiredPagesPendingStatus(device):
+    c_pending = _nvmlEnableState_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetRetiredPagesPendingStatus")
+    ret = fn(device, byref(c_pending))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return int(c_pending.value)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetAPIRestriction(device, apiType):
+    c_permission = _nvmlEnableState_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetAPIRestriction")
+    ret = fn(device, _nvmlRestrictedAPI_t(apiType), byref(c_permission))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return int(c_permission.value)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceSetAPIRestriction(handle, apiType, isRestricted):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetAPIRestriction")
+    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlRestrictedAPI_t(apiType), _nvmlEnableState_t(isRestricted))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetBridgeChipInfo(handle):
+    bridgeHierarchy = c_nvmlBridgeChipHierarchy_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetBridgeChipInfo")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(bridgeHierarchy))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return bridgeHierarchy
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetSamples(device, sampling_type, timeStamp):
+    c_sampling_type = _nvmlSamplingType_t(sampling_type)
+    c_time_stamp = c_ulonglong(timeStamp)
+    c_sample_count = c_uint(0)
+    c_sample_value_type = _nvmlValueType_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetSamples")
+
+    ## First Call gets the size
+    ret = fn(
+        device,
+        c_sampling_type,
+        c_time_stamp,
+        byref(c_sample_value_type),
+        byref(c_sample_count),
+        None,
+    )
+
+    # Stop if this fails
+    if ret != NVML_SUCCESS:
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+
+    sampleArray = c_sample_count.value * c_nvmlSample_t
+    c_samples = sampleArray()
+    ret = fn(
+        device,
+        c_sampling_type,
+        c_time_stamp,
+        byref(c_sample_value_type),
+        byref(c_sample_count),
+        c_samples,
+    )
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return (c_sample_value_type.value, c_samples[0 : c_sample_count.value])
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetViolationStatus(device, perfPolicyType):
+    c_perfPolicy_type = _nvmlPerfPolicyType_t(perfPolicyType)
+    c_violTime = c_nvmlViolationTime_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetViolationStatus")
+
+    ## Invoke the method to get violation time
+    ret = fn(device, c_perfPolicy_type, byref(c_violTime))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_violTime
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetPcieThroughput(device, counter):
+    c_util = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPcieThroughput")
+    ret = fn(device, _nvmlPcieUtilCounter_t(counter), byref(c_util))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_util.value
+
+
+def nvmlSystemGetTopologyGpuSet(cpuNumber):
+    c_count = c_uint(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemGetTopologyGpuSet")
+
+    # First call will get the size
+    ret = fn(cpuNumber, byref(c_count), None)
+
+    if ret != NVML_SUCCESS:
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+    # call again with a buffer
+    device_array = c_nvmlDevice_t * c_count.value
+    c_devices = device_array()
+    ret = fn(cpuNumber, byref(c_count), c_devices)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return list(c_devices[0 : c_count.value])
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetTopologyNearestGpus(device, level):
+    c_count = c_uint(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetTopologyNearestGpus")
+
+    # First call will get the size
+    ret = fn(device, level, byref(c_count), None)
+
+    if ret != NVML_SUCCESS:
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+
+    # call again with a buffer
+    device_array = c_nvmlDevice_t * c_count.value
+    c_devices = device_array()
+    ret = fn(device, level, byref(c_count), c_devices)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return list(c_devices[0 : c_count.value])
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetTopologyCommonAncestor(device1, device2):
+    c_level = _nvmlGpuTopologyLevel_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetTopologyCommonAncestor")
+    ret = fn(device1, device2, byref(c_level))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_level.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkUtilizationCounter(device, link, counter):
+    c_rxcounter = c_ulonglong()
+    c_txcounter = c_ulonglong()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkUtilizationCounter")
+    ret = fn(device, link, counter, byref(c_rxcounter), byref(c_txcounter))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return (c_rxcounter.value, c_txcounter.value)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceFreezeNvLinkUtilizationCounter(device, link, counter, freeze):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceFreezeNvLinkUtilizationCounter")
+    ret = fn(device, link, counter, freeze)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceResetNvLinkUtilizationCounter(device, link, counter):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceResetNvLinkUtilizationCounter")
+    ret = fn(device, link, counter)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceSetNvLinkUtilizationControl(device, link, counter, control, reset):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetNvLinkUtilizationControl")
+    ret = fn(device, link, counter, byref(control), reset)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkUtilizationControl(device, link, counter):
+    c_control = nvmlNvLinkUtilizationControl_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkUtilizationControl")
+    ret = fn(device, link, counter, byref(c_control))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_control
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkCapability(device, link, capability):
+    c_capResult = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkCapability")
+    ret = fn(device, link, capability, byref(c_capResult))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_capResult.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkErrorCounter(device, link, counter):
+    c_result = c_ulonglong()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkErrorCounter")
+    ret = fn(device, link, counter, byref(c_result))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_result.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceResetNvLinkErrorCounters(device, link):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceResetNvLinkErrorCounters")
+    ret = fn(device, link)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkRemotePciInfo(device, link):
+    c_pci = nvmlPciInfo_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkRemotePciInfo_v2")
+    ret = fn(device, link, byref(c_pci))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_pci
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkRemoteDeviceType(handle, link):
+    c_type = _nvmlNvLinkDeviceType_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkRemoteDeviceType")
+    ret = fn(handle, link, byref(c_type))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_type.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkState(device, link):
+    c_isActive = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkState")
+    ret = fn(device, link, byref(c_isActive))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_isActive.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkVersion(device, link):
+    c_version = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkVersion")
+    ret = fn(device, link, byref(c_version))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_version.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceModifyDrainState(pciInfo, newState):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceModifyDrainState")
+    ret = fn(pointer(pciInfo), newState)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceQueryDrainState(pciInfo):
+    c_newState = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceQueryDrainState")
+    ret = fn(pointer(pciInfo), byref(c_newState))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_newState.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceRemoveGpu(pciInfo):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceRemoveGpu")
+    ret = fn(pointer(pciInfo))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceDiscoverGpus(pciInfo):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceDiscoverGpus")
+    ret = fn(pointer(pciInfo))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return None
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetFieldValues(handle, fieldIds):
+    values_arr = c_nvmlFieldValue_t * len(fieldIds)
+    values = values_arr()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetFieldValues")
+
+    for i, fieldId in enumerate(fieldIds):
+        try:
+            (values[i].fieldId, values[i].scopeId) = fieldId
+        except TypeError:
+            values[i].fieldId = fieldId
+
+    ret = fn(handle, c_int32(len(fieldIds)), byref(values))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return values
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetVirtualizationMode(handle):
+    c_virtualization_mode = c_ulonglong()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetVirtualizationMode")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_virtualization_mode))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_virtualization_mode.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceSetVirtualizationMode(handle, virtualization_mode):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetVirtualizationMode")
+    return fn(handle, virtualization_mode)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetSupportedVgpus(handle):
+    # first call to get the size
+    c_vgpu_count = c_uint(0)
+
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetSupportedVgpus")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpu_count), None)
+
+    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
+        # special case, no supported vGPUs
+        return []
+    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
+        # typical case
+        vgpu_type_ids_array = _nvmlVgpuTypeId_t * c_vgpu_count.value
+        c_vgpu_type_ids = vgpu_type_ids_array()
+
+        # make the call again
+        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpu_count), c_vgpu_type_ids)
+        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+        vgpus = []
+        for i in range(c_vgpu_count.value):
+            vgpus.append(c_vgpu_type_ids[i])
+        return vgpus
+    else:
+        # error case
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetCreatableVgpus(handle):
+    # first call to get the size
+    c_vgpu_count = c_uint(0)
+
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetCreatableVgpus")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpu_count), None)
+
+    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
+        # special case, no supported vGPUs
+        return []
+    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
+        # typical case
+        vgpu_type_ids_array = _nvmlVgpuTypeId_t * c_vgpu_count.value
+        c_vgpu_type_ids = vgpu_type_ids_array()
+
+        # make the call again
+        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpu_count), c_vgpu_type_ids)
+        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+        vgpus = []
+        for i in range(c_vgpu_count.value):
+            vgpus.append(c_vgpu_type_ids[i])
+        return vgpus
+    else:
+        # error case
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuTypeGetGpuInstanceProfileId(vgpuTypeId):
+    c_profile_id = c_uint(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetGpuInstanceProfileId")
+    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, byref(c_profile_id))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_profile_id.value
+
+
+@convertStrBytes
+def nvmlVgpuTypeGetClass(vgpuTypeId):
+    c_class = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_NAME_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    c_buffer_size = c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_NAME_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetClass")
+    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, c_class, byref(c_buffer_size))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_class.value
+
+
+@convertStrBytes
+def nvmlVgpuTypeGetName(vgpuTypeId):
+    c_name = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_NAME_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    c_buffer_size = c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_NAME_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetName")
+    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, c_name, byref(c_buffer_size))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_name.value
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuTypeGetDeviceID(vgpuTypeId):
+    c_device_id = c_ulonglong(0)
+    c_subsystem_id = c_ulonglong(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetDeviceID")
+    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, byref(c_device_id), byref(c_subsystem_id))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return (c_device_id.value, c_subsystem_id.value)
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuTypeGetFramebufferSize(vgpuTypeId):
+    c_fb_size = c_ulonglong(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetFramebufferSize")
+    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, byref(c_fb_size))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_fb_size.value
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuTypeGetNumDisplayHeads(vgpuTypeId):
+    c_num_heads = c_uint(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetNumDisplayHeads")
+    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, byref(c_num_heads))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_num_heads.value
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuTypeGetResolution(vgpuTypeId):
+    c_xdim = c_uint(0)
+    c_ydim = c_uint(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetResolution")
+    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, 0, byref(c_xdim), byref(c_ydim))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return (c_xdim.value, c_ydim.value)
+
+
+@convertStrBytes
+def nvmlVgpuTypeGetLicense(vgpuTypeId):
+    c_license = create_string_buffer(NVML_GRID_LICENSE_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    c_buffer_size = c_uint(NVML_GRID_LICENSE_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetLicense")
+    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, c_license, c_buffer_size)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_license.value
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuTypeGetFrameRateLimit(vgpuTypeId):
+    c_frl_config = c_uint(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetFrameRateLimit")
+    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, byref(c_frl_config))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_frl_config.value
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuTypeGetMaxInstances(handle, vgpuTypeId):
+    c_max_instances = c_uint(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetMaxInstances")
+    ret = fn(handle, vgpuTypeId, byref(c_max_instances))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_max_instances.value
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuTypeGetMaxInstancesPerVm(vgpuTypeId):
+    c_max_instances_per_vm = c_uint(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetMaxInstancesPerVm")
+    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, byref(c_max_instances_per_vm))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_max_instances_per_vm.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetActiveVgpus(handle):
+    # first call to get the size
+    c_vgpu_count = c_uint(0)
+
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetActiveVgpus")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpu_count), None)
+
+    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
+        # special case, no active vGPUs
+        return []
+    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
+        # typical case
+        vgpu_instance_array = _nvmlVgpuInstance_t * c_vgpu_count.value
+        c_vgpu_instances = vgpu_instance_array()
+
+        # make the call again
+        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpu_count), c_vgpu_instances)
+        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+        vgpus = []
+        for i in range(c_vgpu_count.value):
+            vgpus.append(c_vgpu_instances[i])
+        return vgpus
+    else:
+        # error case
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+
+
+@convertStrBytes
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetVmID(vgpuInstance):
+    c_vm_id = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_UUID_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    c_buffer_size = c_uint(NVML_GRID_LICENSE_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    c_vm_id_type = c_uint(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetVmID")
+    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_vm_id), c_buffer_size, byref(c_vm_id_type))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return (c_vm_id.value, c_vm_id_type.value)
+
+
+@convertStrBytes
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetUUID(vgpuInstance):
+    c_uuid = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_UUID_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    c_buffer_size = c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_UUID_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetUUID")
+    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_uuid), c_buffer_size)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_uuid.value
+
+
+@convertStrBytes
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetMdevUUID(vgpuInstance):
+    c_uuid = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_UUID_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    c_buffer_size = c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_UUID_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetMdevUUID")
+    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_uuid), c_buffer_size)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_uuid.value
+
+
+@convertStrBytes
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetVmDriverVersion(vgpuInstance):
+    c_driver_version = create_string_buffer(NVML_SYSTEM_DRIVER_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    c_buffer_size = c_uint(NVML_SYSTEM_DRIVER_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetVmDriverVersion")
+    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_driver_version), c_buffer_size)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_driver_version.value
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetLicenseStatus(vgpuInstance):
+    c_license_status = c_uint(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetLicenseStatus")
+    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_license_status))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_license_status.value
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetLicenseInfo_v2(vgpuInstance):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetLicenseInfo_v2")
+    c_license_info = c_nvmlVgpuLicenseInfo_t()
+    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_license_info))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_license_info
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetLicenseInfo(vgpuInstance):
+    return nvmlVgpuInstanceGetLicenseInfo_v2(vgpuInstance)
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetFrameRateLimit(vgpuInstance):
+    c_frl = c_uint(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetFrameRateLimit")
+    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_frl))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_frl.value
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetEccMode(vgpuInstance):
+    c_mode = _nvmlEnableState_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetEccMode")
+    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_mode))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_mode.value
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetType(vgpuInstance):
+    c_vgpu_type = c_uint(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetType")
+    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_vgpu_type))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_vgpu_type.value
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetEncoderCapacity(vgpuInstance):
+    c_encoder_capacity = c_ulonglong(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetEncoderCapacity")
+    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_encoder_capacity))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_encoder_capacity.value
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceSetEncoderCapacity(vgpuInstance, encoder_capacity):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceSetEncoderCapacity")
+    return fn(vgpuInstance, encoder_capacity)
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetFbUsage(vgpuInstance):
+    c_fb_usage = c_uint(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetFbUsage")
+    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_fb_usage))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_fb_usage.value
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuTypeGetCapabilities(vgpuTypeId, capability):
+    c_cap_result = c_uint(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetCapabilities")
+    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, _nvmlVgpuCapability_t(capability), byref(c_cap_result))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_cap_result.value
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetGpuInstanceId(vgpuInstance):
+    c_id = c_uint(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetGpuInstanceId")
+    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_id))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_id.value
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetGpuPciId(vgpuInstance):
+    c_vgpuPciId = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_PCI_BUS_ID_BUFFER_SIZE)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetGpuPciId")
+    ret = fn(
+        vgpuInstance, c_vgpuPciId, byref(c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_PCI_BUS_ID_BUFFER_SIZE))
+    )
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_vgpuPciId.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetVgpuUtilization(handle, timeStamp):
+    # first call to get the size
+    c_vgpu_count = c_uint(0)
+    c_time_stamp = c_ulonglong(timeStamp)
+    c_sample_value_type = _nvmlValueType_t()
+
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetVgpuUtilization")
+    ret = fn(
+        handle, c_time_stamp, byref(c_sample_value_type), byref(c_vgpu_count), None
+    )
+
+    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
+        # special case, no active vGPUs
+        return []
+    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
+        # typical case
+        sampleArray = c_vgpu_count.value * c_nvmlVgpuInstanceUtilizationSample_t
+        c_samples = sampleArray()
+
+        # make the call again
+        ret = fn(
+            handle,
+            c_time_stamp,
+            byref(c_sample_value_type),
+            byref(c_vgpu_count),
+            c_samples,
+        )
+        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+
+        return c_samples[0 : c_vgpu_count.value]
+    else:
+        # error case
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetP2PStatus(device1, device2, p2pIndex):
+    c_p2pstatus = _nvmlGpuP2PStatus_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetP2PStatus")
+    ret = fn(device1, device2, p2pIndex, byref(c_p2pstatus))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_p2pstatus.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetGridLicensableFeatures_v4(handle):
+    c_get_grid_licensable_features = c_nvmlGridLicensableFeatures_v4_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGridLicensableFeatures_v4")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_get_grid_licensable_features))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+
+    return c_get_grid_licensable_features
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetGridLicensableFeatures(handle):
+    return nvmlDeviceGetGridLicensableFeatures_v4(handle)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetGspFirmwareVersion(handle, version):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGspFirmwareVersion")
+    ret = fn(handle, version)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return ret
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetGspFirmwareMode(handle, isEnabled, defaultMode):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGspFirmwareMode")
+    ret = fn(handle, isEnabled, defaultMode)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return ret
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetEncoderCapacity(handle, encoderQueryType):
+    c_encoder_capacity = c_ulonglong(0)
+    c_encoderQuery_type = _nvmlEncoderQueryType_t(encoderQueryType)
+
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetEncoderCapacity")
+    ret = fn(handle, c_encoderQuery_type, byref(c_encoder_capacity))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_encoder_capacity.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetVgpuProcessUtilization(handle, timeStamp):
+    # first call to get the size
+    c_vgpu_count = c_uint(0)
+    c_time_stamp = c_ulonglong(timeStamp)
+
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetVgpuProcessUtilization")
+    ret = fn(handle, c_time_stamp, byref(c_vgpu_count), None)
+
+    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
+        # special case, no active vGPUs
+        return []
+    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
+        # typical case
+        sampleArray = c_vgpu_count.value * c_nvmlVgpuProcessUtilizationSample_t
+        c_samples = sampleArray()
+
+        # make the call again
+        ret = fn(handle, c_time_stamp, byref(c_vgpu_count), c_samples)
+        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+
+        return c_samples[0 : c_vgpu_count.value]
+    else:
+        # error case
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetEncoderStats(handle):
+    c_encoderCount = c_ulonglong(0)
+    c_encodeFps = c_ulonglong(0)
+    c_encoderLatency = c_ulonglong(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetEncoderStats")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_encoderCount), byref(c_encodeFps), byref(c_encoderLatency))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return (c_encoderCount.value, c_encodeFps.value, c_encoderLatency.value)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetEncoderSessions(handle):
+    # first call to get the size
+    c_session_count = c_uint(0)
+
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetEncoderSessions")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_session_count), None)
+
+    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
+        if c_session_count.value != 0:
+            # typical case
+            session_array = c_nvmlEncoderSession_t * c_session_count.value
+            c_sessions = session_array()
+
+            # make the call again
+            ret = fn(handle, byref(c_session_count), c_sessions)
+            _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+            sessions = []
+            for i in range(c_session_count.value):
+                sessions.append(c_sessions[i])
+            return sessions
+        else:
+            return []  # no active sessions
+    else:
+        # error case
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetFBCStats(handle):
+    c_fbcStats = c_nvmlFBCStats_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetFBCStats")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_fbcStats))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_fbcStats
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetFBCSessions(handle):
+    # first call to get the size
+    c_session_count = c_uint(0)
+
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetFBCSessions")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_session_count), None)
+
+    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
+        if c_session_count.value != 0:
+            # typical case
+            session_array = c_nvmlFBCSession_t * c_session_count.value
+            c_sessions = session_array()
+
+            # make the call again
+            ret = fn(handle, byref(c_session_count), c_sessions)
+            _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+            sessions = []
+            for i in range(c_session_count.value):
+                sessions.append(c_sessions[i])
+            return sessions
+        else:
+            return []  # no active sessions
+    else:
+        # error case
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetEncoderStats(vgpuInstance):
+    c_encoderCount = c_ulonglong(0)
+    c_encodeFps = c_ulonglong(0)
+    c_encoderLatency = c_ulonglong(0)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetEncoderStats")
+    ret = fn(
+        vgpuInstance, byref(c_encoderCount), byref(c_encodeFps), byref(c_encoderLatency)
+    )
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return (c_encoderCount.value, c_encodeFps.value, c_encoderLatency.value)
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetEncoderSessions(vgpuInstance):
+    # first call to get the size
+    c_session_count = c_uint(0)
+
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetEncoderSessions")
+    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_session_count), None)
+
+    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
+        if c_session_count.value != 0:
+            # typical case
+            session_array = c_nvmlEncoderSession_t * c_session_count.value
+            c_sessions = session_array()
+
+            # make the call again
+            ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_session_count), c_sessions)
+            _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+            sessions = []
+            for i in range(c_session_count.value):
+                sessions.append(c_sessions[i])
+            return sessions
+        else:
+            return []  # no active sessions
+    else:
+        # error case
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetFBCStats(vgpuInstance):
+    c_fbcStats = c_nvmlFBCStats_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetFBCStats")
+    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_fbcStats))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_fbcStats
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetFBCSessions(vgpuInstance):
+    # first call to get the size
+    c_session_count = c_uint(0)
+
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetFBCSessions")
+    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_session_count), None)
+
+    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
+        if c_session_count.value != 0:
+            # typical case
+            session_array = c_nvmlFBCSession_t * c_session_count.value
+            c_sessions = session_array()
+
+            # make the call again
+            ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_session_count), c_sessions)
+            _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+            sessions = []
+            for i in range(c_session_count.value):
+                sessions.append(c_sessions[i])
+            return sessions
+        else:
+            return []  # no active sessions
+    else:
+        # error case
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetProcessUtilization(handle, timeStamp):
+    # first call to get the size
+    c_count = c_uint(0)
+    c_time_stamp = c_ulonglong(timeStamp)
+
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetProcessUtilization")
+    ret = fn(handle, None, byref(c_count), c_time_stamp)
+
+    if ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
+        # typical case
+        sampleArray = c_count.value * c_nvmlProcessUtilizationSample_t
+        c_samples = sampleArray()
+
+        # make the call again
+        ret = fn(handle, c_samples, byref(c_count), c_time_stamp)
+        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+
+        return c_samples[0 : c_count.value]
+    else:
+        # error case
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetMetadata(vgpuInstance):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetMetadata")
+    c_vgpuMetadata = c_nvmlVgpuMetadata_t()
+    c_bufferSize = c_uint(0)
+    # Make the first NVML API call to get the c_bufferSize value.
+    # We have already allocated required buffer above.
+    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_vgpuMetadata), byref(c_bufferSize))
+    if ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
+        ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_vgpuMetadata), byref(c_bufferSize))
+        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    else:
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+    return c_vgpuMetadata
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetVgpuMetadata(handle):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetVgpuMetadata")
+    c_vgpuPgpuMetadata = c_nvmlVgpuPgpuMetadata_t()
+    c_bufferSize = c_uint(0)
+    # Make the first NVML API call to get the c_bufferSize value.
+    # We have already allocated required buffer above.
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpuPgpuMetadata), byref(c_bufferSize))
+    if ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
+        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpuPgpuMetadata), byref(c_bufferSize))
+        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    else:
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+    return c_vgpuPgpuMetadata
+
+
+def nvmlGetVgpuCompatibility(vgpuMetadata, pgpuMetadata):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGetVgpuCompatibility")
+    c_vgpuPgpuCompatibility = c_nvmlVgpuPgpuCompatibility_t()
+    ret = fn(byref(vgpuMetadata), byref(pgpuMetadata), byref(c_vgpuPgpuCompatibility))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_vgpuPgpuCompatibility
+
+
+@convertStrBytes
+def nvmlDeviceGetPgpuMetadataString(handle):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPgpuMetadataString")
+    c_pgpuMetadata = create_string_buffer(NVML_VGPU_PGPU_METADATA_OPAQUE_DATA_SIZE)
+    c_bufferSize = c_uint(0)
+    # Make the first NVML API call to get the c_bufferSize value.
+    # We have already allocated required buffer above.
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_pgpuMetadata), byref(c_bufferSize))
+    if ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
+        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_pgpuMetadata), byref(c_bufferSize))
+        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    else:
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+    return (c_pgpuMetadata.value, c_bufferSize.value)
+
+
+def nvmlSetVgpuVersion(vgpuVersion):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSetVgpuVersion")
+    ret = fn(byref(vgpuVersion))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return ret
+
+
+def nvmlGetVgpuVersion(supported, current):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGetVgpuVersion")
+    ret = fn(byref(supported), byref(current))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return ret
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetAccountingMode(vgpuInstance):
+    c_mode = _nvmlEnableState_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetAccountingMode")
+    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_mode))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_mode.value
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetAccountingPids(vgpuInstance):
+    c_pidCount = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetAccountingPids")
+    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_pidCount), None)
+    if ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
+        sampleArray = c_pidCount.value * c_uint
+        c_pidArray = sampleArray()
+        ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_pidCount), byref(c_pidArray))
+        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    else:
+        raise NVMLError(ret)
+    return (c_pidCount, c_pidArray)
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetAccountingStats(vgpuInstance, pid):
+    c_accountingStats = c_nvmlAccountingStats_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetAccountingStats")
+    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, pid, byref(c_accountingStats))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_accountingStats
+
+
+def nvmlVgpuInstanceClearAccountingPids(vgpuInstance):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceClearAccountingPids")
+    ret = fn(vgpuInstance)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return ret
+
+
+def nvmlGetExcludedDeviceCount():
+    c_count = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGetExcludedDeviceCount")
+    ret = fn(byref(c_count))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_count.value
+
+
+def nvmlGetExcludedDeviceInfoByIndex(index):
+    c_index = c_uint(index)
+    info = c_nvmlExcludedDeviceInfo_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGetExcludedDeviceInfoByIndex")
+    ret = fn(c_index, byref(info))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return info
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetHostVgpuMode(handle):
+    c_host_vgpu_mode = _nvmlHostVgpuMode_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetHostVgpuMode")
+    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_host_vgpu_mode))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_host_vgpu_mode.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceSetMigMode(device, mode):
+    c_activationStatus = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetMigMode")
+    ret = fn(device, mode, byref(c_activationStatus))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_activationStatus.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetMigMode(device):
+    c_currentMode = c_uint()
+    c_pendingMode = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMigMode")
+    ret = fn(device, byref(c_currentMode), byref(c_pendingMode))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return [c_currentMode.value, c_pendingMode.value]
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstanceProfileInfo(device, profile, version=2):
+    if version == 2:
+        c_info = c_nvmlGpuInstanceProfileInfo_v2_t()
+        fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstanceProfileInfoV")
+    elif version == 1:
+        c_info = c_nvmlGpuInstanceProfileInfo_t()
+        fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstanceProfileInfo")
+    else:
+        raise NVMLError(NVML_ERROR_FUNCTION_NOT_FOUND)
+    ret = fn(device, profile, byref(c_info))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_info
+
+
+# Define function alias for the API exposed by NVML
+nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstanceProfileInfoV = nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstanceProfileInfo
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstanceRemainingCapacity(device, profileId):
+    c_count = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstanceRemainingCapacity")
+    ret = fn(device, profileId, byref(c_count))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_count.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstancePossiblePlacements(
+    device, profileId, placementsRef, countRef
+):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstancePossiblePlacements_v2")
+    ret = fn(device, profileId, placementsRef, countRef)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return ret
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceCreateGpuInstance(device, profileId):
+    c_instance = c_nvmlGpuInstance_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceCreateGpuInstance")
+    ret = fn(device, profileId, byref(c_instance))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_instance
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceCreateGpuInstanceWithPlacement(device, profileId, placement):
+    c_instance = c_nvmlGpuInstance_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceCreateGpuInstanceWithPlacement")
+    ret = fn(device, profileId, placement, byref(c_instance))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_instance
+
+
+def nvmlGpuInstanceDestroy(gpuInstance):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpuInstanceDestroy")
+    ret = fn(gpuInstance)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return ret
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstances(device, profileId, gpuInstancesRef, countRef):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstances")
+    ret = fn(device, profileId, gpuInstancesRef, countRef)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return ret
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstanceById(device, gpuInstanceId):
+    c_instance = c_nvmlGpuInstance_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstanceById")
+    ret = fn(device, gpuInstanceId, byref(c_instance))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_instance
+
+
+def nvmlGpuInstanceGetInfo(gpuInstance):
+    c_info = c_nvmlGpuInstanceInfo_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpuInstanceGetInfo")
+    ret = fn(gpuInstance, byref(c_info))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_info
+
+
+def nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstanceProfileInfo(
+    device, profile, engProfile, version=2
+):
+    if version == 2:
+        c_info = c_nvmlComputeInstanceProfileInfo_v2_t()
+        fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstanceProfileInfoV")
+    elif version == 1:
+        c_info = c_nvmlComputeInstanceProfileInfo_t()
+        fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstanceProfileInfo")
+    else:
+        raise NVMLError(NVML_ERROR_FUNCTION_NOT_FOUND)
+    ret = fn(device, profile, engProfile, byref(c_info))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_info
+
+
+# Define function alias for the API exposed by NVML
+nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstanceProfileInfoV = (
+    nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstanceProfileInfo
+)
+
+
+def nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstanceRemainingCapacity(gpuInstance, profileId):
+    c_count = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstanceRemainingCapacity")
+    ret = fn(gpuInstance, profileId, byref(c_count))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_count.value
+
+
+def nvmlGpuInstanceCreateComputeInstance(gpuInstance, profileId):
+    c_instance = c_nvmlComputeInstance_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpuInstanceCreateComputeInstance")
+    ret = fn(gpuInstance, profileId, byref(c_instance))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_instance
+
+
+def nvmlComputeInstanceDestroy(computeInstance):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlComputeInstanceDestroy")
+    ret = fn(computeInstance)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return ret
+
+
+def nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstances(
+    gpuInstance, profileId, computeInstancesRef, countRef
+):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstances")
+    ret = fn(gpuInstance, profileId, computeInstancesRef, countRef)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return ret
+
+
+def nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstanceById(gpuInstance, computeInstanceId):
+    c_instance = c_nvmlComputeInstance_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstanceById")
+    ret = fn(gpuInstance, computeInstanceId, byref(c_instance))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_instance
+
+
+def nvmlComputeInstanceGetInfo_v2(computeInstance):
+    c_info = c_nvmlComputeInstanceInfo_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlComputeInstanceGetInfo_v2")
+    ret = fn(computeInstance, byref(c_info))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_info
+
+
+def nvmlComputeInstanceGetInfo(computeInstance):
+    return nvmlComputeInstanceGetInfo_v2(computeInstance)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceIsMigDeviceHandle(device):
+    c_isMigDevice = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceIsMigDeviceHandle")
+    ret = fn(device, byref(c_isMigDevice))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_isMigDevice
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstanceId(device):
+    c_gpuInstanceId = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstanceId")
+    ret = fn(device, byref(c_gpuInstanceId))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_gpuInstanceId.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetComputeInstanceId(device):
+    c_computeInstanceId = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetComputeInstanceId")
+    ret = fn(device, byref(c_computeInstanceId))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_computeInstanceId.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetMaxMigDeviceCount(device):
+    c_count = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMaxMigDeviceCount")
+    ret = fn(device, byref(c_count))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_count.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetMigDeviceHandleByIndex(device, index):
+    c_index = c_uint(index)
+    migDevice = c_nvmlDevice_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMigDeviceHandleByIndex")
+    ret = fn(device, c_index, byref(migDevice))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return migDevice
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetDeviceHandleFromMigDeviceHandle(migDevice):
+    device = c_nvmlDevice_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetDeviceHandleFromMigDeviceHandle")
+    ret = fn(migDevice, byref(device))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return device
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetAttributes_v2(device):
+    c_attrs = c_nvmlDeviceAttributes()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetAttributes_v2")
+    ret = fn(device, byref(c_attrs))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_attrs
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetAttributes(device):
+    return nvmlDeviceGetAttributes_v2(device)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetRemappedRows(device):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetRemappedRows")
+    c_corr = c_uint()
+    c_unc = c_uint()
+    c_bpending = c_uint()
+    c_bfailure = c_uint()
+    ret = fn(device, byref(c_corr), byref(c_unc), byref(c_bpending), byref(c_bfailure))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return (c_corr.value, c_unc.value, c_bpending.value, c_bfailure.value)
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetRowRemapperHistogram(device):
+    c_vals = c_nvmlRowRemapperHistogramValues()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetRowRemapperHistogram")
+    ret = fn(device, byref(c_vals))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_vals
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetArchitecture(device):
+    arch = _nvmlDeviceArchitecture_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetArchitecture")
+    ret = fn(device, byref(arch))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return arch.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetBusType(device):
+    c_busType = _nvmlBusType_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetBusType")
+    ret = fn(device, byref(c_busType))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_busType.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetIrqNum(device):
+    c_irqNum = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetIrqNum")
+    ret = fn(device, byref(c_irqNum))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_irqNum.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetNumGpuCores(device):
+    c_numCores = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetNumGpuCores")
+    ret = fn(device, byref(c_numCores))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_numCores.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetPowerSource(device):
+    c_powerSource = _nvmlPowerSource_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPowerSource")
+    ret = fn(device, byref(c_powerSource))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_powerSource.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetMemoryBusWidth(device):
+    c_memBusWidth = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMemoryBusWidth")
+    ret = fn(device, byref(c_memBusWidth))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_memBusWidth.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetPcieLinkMaxSpeed(device):
+    c_speed = _nvmlPcieLinkMaxSpeed_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPcieLinkMaxSpeed")
+    ret = fn(device, byref(c_speed))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_speed.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetAdaptiveClockInfoStatus(device):
+    c_adaptiveClockInfoStatus = _nvmlAdaptiveClockInfoStatus_t()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetAdaptiveClockInfoStatus")
+    ret = fn(device, byref(c_adaptiveClockInfoStatus))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_adaptiveClockInfoStatus.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetPcieSpeed(device):
+    c_speed = c_uint()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPcieSpeed")
+    ret = fn(device, byref(c_speed))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return c_speed.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetDynamicPstatesInfo(device, c_dynamicpstatesinfo):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetDynamicPstatesInfo")
+    ret = fn(device, c_dynamicpstatesinfo)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return ret
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceSetFanSpeed_v2(handle, index, speed):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetFanSpeed_v2")
+    ret = fn(handle, index, speed)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return ret
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetThermalSettings(device, sensorindex, c_thermalsettings):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetThermalSettings")
+    ret = fn(device, sensorindex, c_thermalsettings)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return ret
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetMinMaxClockOfPState(device, type, pstate, minClockMHz, maxClockMHz):
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMinMaxClockOfPState")
+    ret = fn(
+        device,
+        _nvmlClockType_t(type),
+        _nvmlClockType_t(pstate),
+        minClockMHz,
+        maxClockMHz,
+    )
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return ret
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetSupportedPerformanceStates(device):
+    pstates = []
+    c_count = c_uint(NVML_MAX_GPU_PERF_PSTATES)
+    c_size = sizeof(c_uint) * c_count.value
+
+    # NOTE: use 'c_uint' to represent the size of the nvmlPstate_t enumeration.
+    pstates_array = _nvmlPstates_t * c_count.value
+    c_pstates = pstates_array()
+
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetSupportedPerformanceStates")
+    ret = fn(device, c_pstates, c_size)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+
+    for value in c_pstates:
+        if value != NVML_PSTATE_UNKNOWN:
+            pstates.append(value)
+
+    return pstates
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceGetGpcClkVfOffset(device):
+    offset = c_int32()
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGpcClkVfOffset")
+    ret = fn(device, byref(offset))
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return offset.value
+
+
+def nvmlDeviceSetGpcClkVfOffset(device, offset):
+    c_offset = c_int32(offset)
+    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetGpcClkVfOffset")
+    ret = fn(device, c_offset)
+    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
+    return ret