vispy 0.15.0__cp313-cp313-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl

vispy/visuals/tests/test_volume.py

@@ -0,0 +1,542 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import pytest
+import numpy as np
+from vispy import scene
+
+from vispy.testing import (TestingCanvas, requires_application,
+                           run_tests_if_main, requires_pyopengl,
+                           raises)
+from vispy.testing.image_tester import assert_image_approved, downsample
+from vispy.testing.rendered_array_tester import compare_render, max_for_dtype
+
+
+@requires_pyopengl()
+def test_volume():
+    vol = np.zeros((20, 20, 20), 'float32')
+    vol[8:16, 8:16, :] = 1.0
+
+    # Create
+    V = scene.visuals.Volume(vol)
+    assert V.clim == (0, 1)
+    assert V.method == 'mip'
+    assert V.interpolation == 'linear'
+
+    # Set wrong data
+    with raises(ValueError):
+        V.set_data(np.zeros((20, 20), 'float32'))
+
+    # Clim
+    V.set_data(vol, (0.5, 0.8))
+    assert V.clim == (0.5, 0.8)
+    with raises(ValueError):
+        V.set_data((0.5, 0.8, 1.0))
+
+    # Method
+    V.method = 'iso'
+    assert V.method == 'iso'
+
+    # Interpolation
+    V.interpolation = 'nearest'
+    assert V.interpolation == 'nearest'
+
+    # Step size
+    V.relative_step_size = 1.1
+    assert V.relative_step_size == 1.1
+    # Disallow 0 step size to avoid GPU stalling
+    with raises(ValueError):
+        V.relative_step_size = 0
+
+
+@requires_pyopengl()
+def test_volume_bounds():
+    vol = np.zeros((20, 30, 40), 'float32')
+    vol[8:16, 8:16, :] = 1.0
+
+    # Create
+    V = scene.visuals.Volume(vol)
+    assert V._compute_bounds(0, V) == (0, 40)  # x
+    assert V._compute_bounds(1, V) == (0, 30)  # y
+    assert V._compute_bounds(2, V) == (0, 20)  # z
+
+
+@requires_pyopengl()
+@requires_application()
+def test_volume_draw():
+    with TestingCanvas(bgcolor='k', size=(100, 100)) as c:
+        v = c.central_widget.add_view()
+        v.camera = 'turntable'
+        v.camera.fov = 70
+        # Create
+        np.random.seed(2376)
+        vol = np.random.normal(size=(20, 20, 20), loc=0.5, scale=0.2)
+        vol[8:16, 8:16, :] += 1.0
+        scene.visuals.Volume(vol, parent=v.scene)  # noqa
+        v.camera.set_range()
+        assert_image_approved(c.render(), 'visuals/volume.png')
+
+
+@requires_pyopengl()
+@requires_application()
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('clim_on_init', [False, True])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('texture_format', [None, '__dtype__', 'auto'])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('input_dtype', [np.uint8, np.uint16, np.float32, np.float64])
+def test_volume_clims_and_gamma(texture_format, input_dtype, clim_on_init):
+    """Test volume visual with clims and gamma on shader.
+
+    Test is parameterized based on ``texture_format`` and should produce
+    relatively the same results for each format.
+
+    Currently just using np.ones since the angle of view made more complicated samples
+    challenging, but this confirms gamma and clims works in the shader.
+    The VolumeVisual defaults to the "grays" colormap so although we compare
+    data using RGBA arrays, each R/G/B channel should be the same.
+
+    """
+    size = (40, 40)
+    if texture_format == '__dtype__':
+        texture_format = input_dtype
+    np.random.seed(0)  # make tests the same every time
+    data = _make_test_data(size[:1] * 3, input_dtype)
+    clim = (0, 1)
+    new_clim = (0.3, 0.8)
+    max = max_for_dtype(input_dtype)
+    if max != 1:
+        clim = (clim[0] * max, clim[1] * max)
+        new_clim = (new_clim[0] * max, new_clim[1] * max)
+
+    kwargs = {}
+    if clim_on_init:
+        kwargs['clim'] = clim
+    with TestingCanvas(size=size, bgcolor="k") as c:
+        v = c.central_widget.add_view(border_width=0)
+        volume = scene.visuals.Volume(
+            data,
+            interpolation='nearest',
+            parent=v.scene,
+            method='mip',
+            texture_format=texture_format,
+            **kwargs
+        )
+        v.camera = 'arcball'
+        v.camera.fov = 0
+        v.camera.scale_factor = 40.0
+        v.camera.center = (19.5, 19.5, 19.5)
+
+        rendered = c.render()
+        _dtype = rendered.dtype
+        shape_ratio = rendered.shape[0] // data.shape[0]
+        rendered1 = downsample(rendered, shape_ratio, axis=(0, 1)).astype(_dtype)
+        predicted = data.max(axis=1)
+        compare_render(predicted, rendered1)
+
+        # adjust contrast limits
+        volume.clim = new_clim
+        rendered2 = downsample(c.render(), shape_ratio, axis=(0, 1)).astype(_dtype)
+        scaled_data = (np.clip(data, new_clim[0], new_clim[1]) - new_clim[0]) / (new_clim[1] - new_clim[0])
+        predicted = scaled_data.max(axis=1)
+        compare_render(predicted, rendered2, previous_render=rendered)
+
+        # adjust gamma
+        volume.gamma = 2
+        rendered3 = downsample(c.render(), shape_ratio, axis=(0, 1)).astype(_dtype)
+        predicted = (scaled_data ** 2).max(axis=1)
+        compare_render(predicted, rendered3, previous_render=rendered2)
+
+
+@requires_pyopengl()
+@requires_application()
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('method_name', scene.visuals.Volume._rendering_methods.keys())
+def test_all_render_methods(method_name):
+    """Test that render methods don't produce any errors."""
+    size = (40, 40)
+    np.random.seed(0)  # make tests the same every time
+    data = _make_test_data(size[:1] * 3, np.float32)
+    # modify the data for 'minip' method so that there is at least one segment
+    # of the volume with no 'empty'/zero space
+    data[:, :, 40 // 3: 2 * 40 // 3] = 1.0
+    clim = (0, 1)
+    kwargs = {}
+    with TestingCanvas(size=size, bgcolor="k") as c:
+        v = c.central_widget.add_view(border_width=0)
+        volume = scene.visuals.Volume(
+            data,
+            interpolation='nearest',
+            clim=clim,
+            parent=v.scene,
+            method=method_name,
+            **kwargs
+        )
+        v.camera = 'arcball'
+        v.camera.fov = 0
+        v.camera.scale_factor = 40.0
+        v.camera.center = (19.5, 19.5, 19.5)
+
+        assert volume.method == method_name
+        rendered = c.render()[..., :3]
+        # not all black
+        assert rendered.sum() != 0
+        # not all white
+        assert rendered.sum() != 255 * rendered.size
+
+
+@requires_pyopengl()
+@requires_application()
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('texture_format', [None, 'auto'])
+def test_equal_clims(texture_format):
+    """Test that equal clims produce a min cmap value."""
+    size = (40, 40)
+    np.random.seed(0)  # make tests the same every time
+    data = _make_test_data(size[:1] * 3, np.float32)
+    with TestingCanvas(size=size, bgcolor="k") as c:
+        v = c.central_widget.add_view(border_width=0)
+        scene.visuals.Volume(
+            data,
+            interpolation='nearest',
+            clim=(128.0, 128.0),  # equal clims
+            cmap='viridis',  # something with a non-black min value
+            parent=v.scene,
+            method='mip',
+            texture_format=texture_format,
+        )
+        v.camera = 'arcball'
+        v.camera.fov = 0
+        v.camera.scale_factor = 40.0
+        v.camera.center = (19.5, 19.5, 19.5)
+
+        rendered = c.render()[..., :3]
+        # not all black
+        assert rendered.sum() != 0
+        # not all white
+        assert rendered.sum() != 255 * rendered.size
+        # should be all the same value
+        r_unique = np.unique(rendered[..., 0])
+        g_unique = np.unique(rendered[..., 1])
+        b_unique = np.unique(rendered[..., 2])
+        assert r_unique.size == 1
+        assert g_unique.size == 1
+        assert b_unique.size == 1
+
+
+def _make_test_data(shape, input_dtype):
+    one_third = shape[0] // 3
+    two_third = 2 * one_third
+    data = np.zeros(shape, dtype=np.float64)
+    # 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00
+    # 0.50 | 0.00 | 0.25
+    # 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00
+    data[:, :one_third, one_third:two_third] = 1.0
+    data[:, one_third:two_third, :one_third] = 0.5
+    data[:, one_third:two_third, two_third:] = 0.25
+    max_val = max_for_dtype(input_dtype)
+    if max_val != 1:
+        data *= max_val
+    data = data.astype(input_dtype)
+    return data
+
+
+@requires_pyopengl()
+def test_set_data_does_not_change_input():
+    # Create volume
+    V = scene.visuals.Volume(np.zeros((20, 20, 20), dtype=np.float32))
+
+    # calling Volume.set_data() should NOT alter the values of the input array
+    # regardless of data type
+    vol = np.random.randint(0, 200, (20, 20, 20))
+    for dtype in ['uint8', 'int16', 'uint16', 'float32', 'float64']:
+        vol_copy = np.array(vol, dtype=dtype, copy=True)
+        # setting clim so that normalization would otherwise change the data
+        V.set_data(vol_copy, clim=(0, 200))
+        assert np.allclose(vol, vol_copy)
+
+    # dtype has to be the same as the one used to init the texture, or it will
+    # be first coerced to the same dtype as the init
+
+    vol2 = np.array(vol, dtype=np.float32, copy=True)
+    assert np.allclose(vol, vol2)
+    # we explicitly create a copy when data would be altered by the texture,
+    # no matter what the user asks, so the data outside should never change
+    V.set_data(vol2, clim=(0, 200), copy=False)
+    assert np.allclose(vol, vol2)
+
+
+@requires_pyopengl()
+def test_set_data_changes_shape():
+    dtype = np.float32
+    # Create initial volume
+    V = scene.visuals.Volume(np.zeros((20, 20, 20), dtype=dtype))
+
+    # Sending new three dimensional data of different shape should alter volume shape
+    vol = np.zeros((25, 25, 10), dtype=dtype)
+    V.set_data(vol)
+    assert V._vol_shape == (25, 25, 10)
+
+    # Sending data of dimension other than 3 should raise a ValueError
+    vol2 = np.zeros((20, 20), dtype=dtype)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        V.set_data(vol2)
+
+    vol2 = np.zeros((20, 20, 20, 20), dtype=dtype)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        V.set_data(vol2)
+
+
+@requires_pyopengl()
+@requires_application()
+def test_changing_cmap():
+    """Test that changing colormaps updates the display."""
+    size = (40, 40)
+    np.random.seed(0)  # make tests the same every time
+    data = _make_test_data(size[:1] * 3, np.float32)
+    cmap = 'grays'
+    test_cmaps = ('reds', 'greens', 'blues')
+    clim = (0, 1)
+    kwargs = {}
+    with TestingCanvas(size=size, bgcolor="k") as c:
+        v = c.central_widget.add_view(border_width=0)
+        volume = scene.visuals.Volume(
+            data,
+            interpolation='nearest',
+            clim=clim,
+            cmap=cmap,
+            parent=v.scene,
+            **kwargs
+        )
+        v.camera = 'arcball'
+        v.camera.fov = 0
+        v.camera.scale_factor = 40.0
+
+        # render with grays colormap
+        grays = c.render()
+
+        # update cmap, compare rendered array with the grays cmap render
+        for cmap in test_cmaps:
+            volume.cmap = cmap
+            current_cmap = c.render()
+            with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
+                np.testing.assert_allclose(grays, current_cmap)
+
+
+@requires_pyopengl()
+@requires_application()
+def test_plane_depth():
+    with TestingCanvas(size=(80, 80)) as c:
+        v = c.central_widget.add_view(border_width=0)
+        v.camera = 'arcball'
+        v.camera.fov = 0
+        v.camera.center = (40, 40, 40)
+        v.camera.scale_factor = 80.0
+
+        # two planes at 45 degrees relative to the camera. If depth is set correctly, we should see one half
+        # of the screen red and the other half white
+        scene.visuals.Volume(
+            np.ones((80, 80, 80), dtype=np.uint8),
+            interpolation="nearest",
+            clim=(0, 1),
+            cmap="grays",
+            raycasting_mode="plane",
+            plane_normal=(0, 1, 1),
+            parent=v.scene,
+        )
+
+        scene.visuals.Volume(
+            np.ones((80, 80, 80), dtype=np.uint8),
+            interpolation="nearest",
+            clim=(0, 1),
+            cmap="reds",
+            raycasting_mode="plane",
+            plane_normal=(0, 1, -1),
+            parent=v.scene,
+        )
+
+        # render with grays colormap
+        rendered = c.render()
+        left = rendered[40, 20]
+        right = rendered[40, 60]
+        assert np.array_equal(left, [255, 0, 0, 255])
+        assert np.array_equal(right, [255, 255, 255, 255])
+
+
+@requires_pyopengl()
+@requires_application()
+def test_volume_depth():
+    """Check that depth setting is properly performed for the volume visual
+
+    Render a volume with a blue ball in front of a red plane in front of a
+    blue plane, checking that the output image contains both red and blue pixels.
+    """
+    # A blue strip behind a red strip
+    # If depth is set correctly, we should see only red pixels
+    # the screen
+    blue_vol = np.zeros((80, 80, 80), dtype=np.uint8)
+    blue_vol[:, -1, :] = 1  # back plane blue
+    blue_vol[30:50, 30:50, 30:50] = 1  # blue in center
+
+    red_vol = np.zeros((80, 80, 80), dtype=np.uint8)
+    red_vol[:, -5, :] = 1  # red plane in front of blue plane
+
+    with TestingCanvas(size=(80, 80)) as c:
+        v = c.central_widget.add_view(border_width=0)
+        v.camera = 'arcball'
+        v.camera.fov = 0
+        v.camera.center = (40, 40, 40)
+        v.camera.scale_factor = 80.0
+
+        scene.visuals.Volume(
+            red_vol,
+            interpolation="nearest",
+            clim=(0, 1),
+            cmap="reds",
+            parent=v.scene,
+        )
+
+        scene.visuals.Volume(
+            blue_vol,
+            interpolation="nearest",
+            clim=(0, 1),
+            cmap="blues",
+            parent=v.scene,
+        )
+
+        # render
+        rendered = c.render()
+        reds = np.sum(rendered[:, :, 0])
+        greens = np.sum(rendered[:, :, 1])
+        blues = np.sum(rendered[:, :, 2])
+        assert reds > 0
+        np.testing.assert_allclose(greens, 0)
+        assert blues > 0
+
+
+@requires_pyopengl()
+@requires_application()
+def test_mip_cutoff():
+    """
+    Ensure fragments are properly discarded based on the mip_cutoff
+    for the mip and attenuated_mip rendering methods
+    """
+    with TestingCanvas(size=(80, 80)) as c:
+        v = c.central_widget.add_view(border_width=0)
+        v.camera = 'arcball'
+        v.camera.fov = 0
+        v.camera.center = (40, 40, 40)
+        v.camera.scale_factor = 80.0
+
+        vol = scene.visuals.Volume(
+            np.ones((80, 80, 80), dtype=np.uint8),
+            interpolation="nearest",
+            clim=(0, 1),
+            cmap="grays",
+            parent=v.scene,
+        )
+
+        # we should see white
+        rendered = c.render()
+        assert np.array_equal(rendered[40, 40], [255, 255, 255, 255])
+
+        vol.mip_cutoff = 10
+        # we should see black
+        rendered = c.render()
+        assert np.array_equal(rendered[40, 40], [0, 0, 0, 255])
+
+        # repeat for attenuated_mip
+        vol.method = 'attenuated_mip'
+        vol.mip_cutoff = None
+
+        # we should see white
+        rendered = c.render()
+        assert np.array_equal(rendered[40, 40], [255, 255, 255, 255])
+
+        vol.mip_cutoff = 10
+        # we should see black
+        rendered = c.render()
+        assert np.array_equal(rendered[40, 40], [0, 0, 0, 255])
+
+
+@requires_pyopengl()
+@requires_application()
+def test_minip_cutoff():
+    """
+    Ensure fragments are properly discarded based on the minip_cutoff
+    for the minip rendering method
+    """
+    with TestingCanvas(size=(80, 80)) as c:
+        v = c.central_widget.add_view(border_width=0)
+        v.camera = 'arcball'
+        v.camera.fov = 0
+        v.camera.center = (40, 40, 40)
+        v.camera.scale_factor = 120.0
+
+        # just surface of the cube is ones, but it should win over the twos inside
+        data = np.ones((80, 80, 80), dtype=np.uint8)
+        data[1:-1, 1:-1, 1:-1] = 2
+
+        vol = scene.visuals.Volume(
+            data,
+            interpolation="nearest",
+            method='minip',
+            clim=(0, 2),
+            cmap="grays",
+            parent=v.scene,
+        )
+
+        # we should see gray (half of cmap)
+        rendered = c.render()
+        assert np.array_equal(rendered[40, 40], [128, 128, 128, 255])
+
+        # discard fragments above -10 (everything)
+        vol.minip_cutoff = -10
+        # we should see black
+        rendered = c.render()
+        assert np.array_equal(rendered[40, 40], [0, 0, 0, 255])
+
+
+@requires_pyopengl()
+@requires_application()
+def test_volume_set_data_different_dtype():
+    size = (80, 80)
+    data = np.array([[[0, 127]]], dtype=np.int8)
+    left = (40, 10)
+    right = (40, 70)
+    white = (255, 255, 255, 255)
+    black = (0, 0, 0, 255)
+
+    with TestingCanvas(size=size[::-1], bgcolor="w") as c:
+        view = c.central_widget.add_view()
+        view.camera = 'arcball'
+        view.camera.fov = 0
+        view.camera.center = 0.5, 0, 0
+        view.camera.scale_factor = 2
+        volume = scene.visuals.Volume(
+            data,
+            cmap='grays',
+            clim=[0, 127],
+            parent=view.scene
+        )
+
+        render = c.render()
+        assert np.allclose(render[left], black)
+        assert np.allclose(render[right], white)
+
+        # same data as float should change nothing
+        volume.set_data(data.astype(np.float32))
+        render = c.render()
+        assert np.allclose(render[left], black)
+        assert np.allclose(render[right], white)
+
+        # something inverted, different dtype
+        new_data = np.array([[[127, 0]]], dtype=np.float16)
+        volume.set_data(new_data)
+        render = c.render()
+        assert np.allclose(render[left], white)
+        assert np.allclose(render[right], black)
+
+        # out of bounds should clip (2000 > 127)
+        new_data = np.array([[[0, 2000]]], dtype=np.float64)
+        volume.set_data(new_data)
+        render = c.render()
+        assert np.allclose(render[left], black)
+        assert np.allclose(render[right], white)
+
+
+run_tests_if_main()

vispy/visuals/tests/test_windbarb.py

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright (c) Vispy Development Team. All Rights Reserved.
+# Distributed under the (new) BSD License. See LICENSE.txt for more info.
+
+import numpy as np
+from vispy.scene.visuals import Windbarb
+from vispy.testing import (requires_application, TestingCanvas,
+                           run_tests_if_main)
+from vispy.testing.image_tester import assert_image_approved
+
+length = 15.
+gridx = np.arange(length, 376, length * 2, dtype=np.float32)
+gridy = np.ones_like(gridx) * length
+grid = np.stack((gridx, gridy), axis=-1)
+origin = (length, length)
+vectors = (grid - origin).astype(np.float32)
+vectors[:] /= length // 2
+vectors[:, 1] *= -1
+
+
+@requires_application()
+def test_windbarb_draw():
+    """Test drawing arrows without transforms"""
+    with TestingCanvas(size=(250, 33), bgcolor='white') as c:
+
+        Windbarb(pos=grid, wind=vectors,
+                 trig=False,
+                 edge_color='black',
+                 face_color='black',
+                 size=length, parent=c.scene)
+        assert_image_approved(c.render(), 'visuals/windbarb.png')
+
+run_tests_if_main()

vispy/visuals/text/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Copyright (c) Vispy Development Team. All Rights Reserved.
+# Distributed under the (new) BSD License. See LICENSE.txt for more info.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+from .text import TextVisual  # noqa

vispy/visuals/text/_sdf_cpu.pyx

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+# cython: language_level=3, boundscheck=False, cdivision=True, wraparound=False, initializedcheck=False, nonecheck=False
+# A Cython implementation of the "eight-points signed sequential Euclidean
+# distance transform algorithm" (8SSEDT)
+
+import numpy as np
+cimport numpy as np
+from libc.math cimport sqrt
+cimport cython
+
+np.import_array()
+
+__all__ = ['_get_distance_field']
+
+dtype = np.float32
+dtype_c = np.complex64
+ctypedef np.float32_t DTYPE_t
+ctypedef np.complex64_t DTYPE_ct
+
+cdef DTYPE_ct MAX_VAL = (1e6 + 1e6j)
+
+
+def _calc_distance_field(np.ndarray[DTYPE_t, ndim=2] pixels,
+                         int w, int h, DTYPE_t sp_f):
+    # initialize grids
+    cdef np.ndarray[DTYPE_ct, ndim=2] g0_arr = np.zeros((h, w), dtype_c)
+    cdef np.ndarray[DTYPE_ct, ndim=2] g1_arr = np.zeros((h, w), dtype_c)
+    cdef DTYPE_ct[:, ::1] g0 = g0_arr
+    cdef DTYPE_ct[:, ::1] g1 = g1_arr
+    cdef DTYPE_t[:, :] pixels_view = pixels
+    cdef Py_ssize_t y, x
+    for y in range(h):
+        g0[y, 0] = MAX_VAL
+        g0[y, w-1] = MAX_VAL
+        g1[y, 0] = MAX_VAL
+        g1[y, w-1] = MAX_VAL
+        for x in range(1, w-1):
+            if pixels_view[y, x] > 0:
+                g0[y, x] = MAX_VAL
+            if pixels_view[y, x] < 1:
+                g1[y, x] = MAX_VAL
+    for x in range(w):
+        g0[0, x] = MAX_VAL
+        g0[h-1, x] = MAX_VAL
+        g1[0, x] = MAX_VAL
+        g1[h-1, x] = MAX_VAL
+
+    # Propagate grids
+    _propagate(g0)
+    _propagate(g1)
+
+    # Subtracting and normalizing
+    cdef DTYPE_t r_sp_f_2 = 1. / (sp_f * 2.)
+    for y in range(1, h-1):
+        for x in range(1, w-1):
+            pixels_view[y, x] = sqrt(dist(g0[y, x])) - sqrt(dist(g1[y, x]))
+            if pixels_view[y, x] < 0:
+                pixels_view[y, x] = (pixels_view[y, x] + sp_f) * r_sp_f_2
+            else:
+                pixels_view[y, x] = 0.5 + pixels_view[y, x] * r_sp_f_2
+            pixels_view[y, x] = max(min(pixels_view[y, x], 1), 0)
+
+
+cdef inline Py_ssize_t compare(DTYPE_ct *cell, DTYPE_ct xy, DTYPE_t *current) noexcept nogil:
+    cdef DTYPE_t val = dist(xy)
+    if val < current[0]:
+        cell[0] = xy
+        current[0] = val
+
+
+cdef DTYPE_t dist(DTYPE_ct val) noexcept nogil:
+    return val.real*val.real + val.imag*val.imag
+
+
+cdef void _propagate(DTYPE_ct[:, :] grid) noexcept nogil:
+    cdef Py_ssize_t height = grid.shape[0]
+    cdef Py_ssize_t width = grid.shape[1]
+    cdef Py_ssize_t y, x
+    cdef DTYPE_t current
+    cdef DTYPE_ct a0, a1, a2, a3
+    a0 = -1
+    a1 = -1j
+    a2 = -1 - 1j
+    a3 = 1 - 1j
+    cdef DTYPE_ct b0=1
+    cdef DTYPE_ct c0=1, c1=1j, c2=-1+1j, c3=1+1j
+    cdef DTYPE_ct d0=-1
+    height -= 1
+    width -= 1
+    for y in range(1, height):
+        for x in range(1, width):
+            current = dist(grid[y, x])
+            # (-1, +0), (+0, -1), (-1, -1), (+1, -1)
+            compare(&grid[y, x], grid[y, x-1] + a0, &current)
+            compare(&grid[y, x], grid[y-1, x] + a1, &current)
+            compare(&grid[y, x], grid[y-1, x-1] + a2, &current)
+            compare(&grid[y, x], grid[y-1, x+1] + a3, &current)
+        for x in range(width - 1, 0, -1):
+            current = dist(grid[y, x])
+            # (+1, +0)
+            compare(&grid[y, x], grid[y, x+1] + b0, &current)
+    for y in range(height - 1, 0, -1):
+        for x in range(width - 1, 0, -1):
+            current = dist(grid[y, x])
+            # (+1, +0), (+0, +1), (-1, +1), (+1, +1)
+            compare(&grid[y, x], grid[y, x+1] + c0, &current)
+            compare(&grid[y, x], grid[y+1, x] + c1, &current)
+            compare(&grid[y, x], grid[y+1, x-1] + c2, &current)
+            compare(&grid[y, x], grid[y+1, x+1] + c3, &current)
+        for x in range(1, width):
+            current = dist(grid[y, x])
+            # (-1, +0)
+            compare(&grid[y, x], grid[y, x-1] + d0, &current)