relationalai 0.13.0__py3-none-any.whl → 0.13.0.dev0__py3-none-any.whl

relationalai/dsl.py

@@ -1,1749 +0,0 @@
-from __future__ import annotations
-import base64
-from enum import Enum
-import inspect
-from itertools import zip_longest
-import re
-import struct
-import threading
-import typing
-from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Set, Tuple, Union, get_type_hints
-from relationalai.clients.util import IdentityParser, ParseError
-from typing_extensions import TypeGuard
-import numbers
-import os
-import datetime
-import hashlib
-import traceback
-import rich
-import json
-import sys
-
-from pandas import DataFrame
-
-from relationalai.environments import runtime_env, SnowbookEnvironment
-from relationalai.tools.constants import QUERY_ATTRIBUTES_HEADER
-
-from .clients.client import Client
-
-from .metamodel import Behavior, Builtins, ActionType, Var, Task, Action, Builder, Type as mType, Property as mProperty
-from . import debugging, errors
-from .errors import FilterAsValue, Errors, InvalidPropertySetException, MultipleIdentities, NonCallablePropertyException, OutOfContextException, RAIException, ReservedPropertyException, VariableOutOfContextException, handle_missing_integration
-
-#--------------------------------------------------
-# Constants
-#--------------------------------------------------
-
-RESERVED_PROPS = ["add", "set", "persist", "unpersist"]
-MAX_QUERY_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH = 255
-
-Value = Union[
-    "Expression",
-    "ContextSelect", # because of union/match
-    int,
-    float,
-    str,
-    bool,
-    datetime.datetime,
-    datetime.date,
-]
-
-#--------------------------------------------------
-# Helpers
-#--------------------------------------------------
-
-# @FIXME: This should only return a Var or None but that's gonna take some doing.
-def to_var(x:Any) -> Any:
-    if isinstance(x, Var):
-        return x
-    if getattr(x, "_to_var", None):
-        return to_var(x._to_var())
-    if isinstance(x, ContextSelect):
-        return x._vars[0]
-    if isinstance(x, mProperty):
-        return Var(value=x)
-    if isinstance(x, mType):
-        return Var(value=x)
-    if isinstance(x, Producer):
-        x._use_var()
-        return x._var
-    if isinstance(x, list) or isinstance(x, tuple):
-        return Var(Builtins.Any, value=[v for i in x if (v := to_var(i))])
-    if isinstance(x, str):
-        return Var(Builtins.String, None, x)
-    if isinstance(x, numbers.Number):
-        return Var(Builtins.Number, None, x)
-    if isinstance(x, datetime.datetime) or isinstance(x, datetime.date):
-        return Var(value=x)
-    raise Exception(f"Unknown type: {type(x)}\n{x}")
-
-build = Builder(to_var)
-
-def to_list(x:Any):
-    if isinstance(x, list):
-        return x
-    if isinstance(x, tuple):
-        return list(x)
-    return [x]
-
-def is_static(x:Any):
-    if isinstance(x, Var):
-        return x.value is not None
-    if isinstance(x, Type):
-        return True
-    if isinstance(x, str):
-        return True
-    if isinstance(x, Producer):
-        return is_static(to_var(x))
-    if isinstance(x, numbers.Number):
-        return True
-    if isinstance(x, list):
-        return all(is_static(i) for i in x)
-    if isinstance(x, tuple):
-        return all(is_static(i) for i in x)
-    if isinstance(x, dict):
-        return all(is_static(i) for i in x.values())
-    return False
-
-def is_collection(x:Any) -> TypeGuard[Union[List, Tuple, Set]]:
-    return isinstance(x, list) or isinstance(x, tuple) or isinstance(x, set)
-
-def rel_dict(**kwargs):
-    return InlineRelation(get_graph(), [
-        (Symbol(k), v) for k, v in kwargs.items()
-    ])
-
-#--------------------------------------------------
-# Base
-#--------------------------------------------------
-
-id = 0
-def next_id():
-    global id
-    id += 1
-    return id
-
-#--------------------------------------------------
-# Producer
-#--------------------------------------------------
-
-attributes_to_skip = {
-    "_to_var",
-    "__name__",
-    "__qualname__",
-    "_repr_html_",
-    "_supports_binary_op",
-}
-
-def is_streamlit_running():
-    # First check: Is streamlit imported?
-    if 'streamlit' not in sys.modules:
-        return False
-
-    # Second check: Try to access session_state
-    try:
-        import streamlit as st #type: ignore
-        _ = st.session_state
-        return True
-    except RuntimeError:
-        return False
-
-def is_called_by_streamlit_write():
-    if not is_streamlit_running():
-        return False
-
-    stack_frames = inspect.stack()
-
-    for frame in stack_frames[1:]:
-        if ("streamlit" in frame.filename and "write" in frame.function):
-            return True
-
-    return False
-
-class Producer():
-    def __init__(self, graph:'Graph'):
-        self._id = next_id()
-        self._graph = graph
-        self._subs = {}
-        self._var = None
-
-    def __iter__(self):
-        if is_called_by_streamlit_write():
-            return iter([])
-        raise Exception("Can't iterate over a producer")
-
-    def __repr__(self):
-        if isinstance(runtime_env, SnowbookEnvironment):
-            # suppress spurious output in Snowflake notebooks
-            # for expressions like p.age > 18
-            return ""
-        else:
-            return super().__repr__()
-
-    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> Any:
-        if is_called_by_streamlit_write():
-            return None
-        if name in attributes_to_skip:
-            return None
-        self._subs[name] = self._make_sub(name, self._subs.get(name))
-        return self._subs[name]
-
-    def _make_sub(self, name:str, existing:Optional['Producer']=None) -> Any:
-        raise Exception("Implement Producer._make_sub")
-
-    def _use_var(self):
-        pass
-
-    #--------------------------------------------------
-    # Boolean overloads
-    #--------------------------------------------------
-
-    def __bool__(self):
-        # This doesn't seem to be safe as Python can call bool on Producers in lots of random cases
-        # InvalidBoolWarning(Errors.call_source())
-        # class_name = self.__class__.__name__
-        # TODO: Refactor this to be Exception instead of warning, so we could directly raise it if we bring back this
-        # raise TypeError(f"Can't convert an {class_name} to a boolean.")
-        return True
-
-    #--------------------------------------------------
-    # Math overloads
-    #--------------------------------------------------
-
-    def _wrapped_op(self, op, left, right):
-        # Check if an active context redefines this binary operator (e.g. for the solvers library).
-        for s in self._graph._stack.stack:
-            f = getattr(s, "_supports_binary_op", None)
-            if f and f(op):
-                return s._make_binary_op(op, left, right)
-        return Expression(self._graph, op, [left, right])
-
-    def __add__(self, other):
-        return self._wrapped_op(Builtins.plus, self, other)
-    def __radd__(self, other):
-        return self._wrapped_op(Builtins.plus, other, self)
-
-    def __mul__(self, other):
-        return self._wrapped_op(Builtins.mult, self, other)
-    def __rmul__(self, other):
-        return self._wrapped_op(Builtins.mult, other, self)
-
-    def __sub__(self, other):
-        return self._wrapped_op(Builtins.minus, self, other)
-    def __rsub__(self, other):
-        return self._wrapped_op(Builtins.minus, other, self)
-
-    def __truediv__(self, other):
-        return self._wrapped_op(Builtins.div, self, other)
-    def __rtruediv__(self, other):
-        return self._wrapped_op(Builtins.div, other, self)
-
-    def __floordiv__(self, other):
-        return self._wrapped_op(Builtins.floor_div, self, other)
-    def __rfloordiv__(self, other):
-        return self._wrapped_op(Builtins.floor_div, other, self)
-
-    def __pow__(self, other):
-        return self._wrapped_op(Builtins.pow, self, other)
-    def __rpow__(self, other):
-        return self._wrapped_op(Builtins.pow, other, self)
-
-    def __mod__(self, other):
-        return self._wrapped_op(Builtins.mod, self, other)
-    def __rmod__(self, other):
-        return self._wrapped_op(Builtins.mod, other, self)
-
-    def __neg__(self):
-        return self._wrapped_op(Builtins.mult, self, -1)
-
-    #--------------------------------------------------
-    # Filter overloads
-    #--------------------------------------------------
-
-    def __gt__(self, other):
-        return self._wrapped_op(Builtins.gt, self, other)
-    def __ge__(self, other):
-        return self._wrapped_op(Builtins.gte, self, other)
-    def __lt__(self, other):
-        return self._wrapped_op(Builtins.lt, self, other)
-    def __le__(self, other):
-        return self._wrapped_op(Builtins.lte, self, other)
-    def __eq__(self, other) -> Any:
-        return self._wrapped_op(Builtins.approx_eq, self, other)
-    def __ne__(self, other) -> Any:
-        return self._wrapped_op(Builtins.neq, self, other)
-
-    #--------------------------------------------------
-    # Context management
-    #--------------------------------------------------
-
-    def __enter__(self):
-        self._graph._push(self)
-
-    def __exit__(self, *args):
-        self._graph._pop(self)
-
-#--------------------------------------------------
-# Context
-#--------------------------------------------------
-
-class TaskExecType(Enum):
-    Query = 1
-    Rule = 2
-    Procedure = 3
-    Export = 4
-
-class ContextSelect(Producer):
-    def __init__(self, context:'Context'):
-        super().__init__(context.graph)
-        self._context = context
-        self._select_len = None
-        self._insts = []
-        self._vars = []
-        self._props = {}
-
-    def _assign_vars(self):
-        task = self._context._task
-        if not len(self._vars) and self._select_len:
-            self._insts = to_list(Vars(self._select_len))
-            self._vars = [to_var(v) for v in self._insts]
-            task.properties = [Builtins.Relation.properties[i] for i in range(self._select_len)]
-            task.bindings.update({Builtins.Relation.properties[i]: v for i, v in enumerate(self._vars)})
-
-    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> Any:
-        if name.startswith("_"):
-            return None
-        if name in self._props:
-            return Instance(self._context.graph, ActionType.Get, [], {}, var=to_var(self._props[name]))
-        else:
-            return getattr(Instance(self._context.graph, ActionType.Get, [], {}, var=to_var(self._vars[0])), name)
-
-    #--------------------------------------------------
-    # Return handling
-    #--------------------------------------------------
-
-    def _do_return(self, args, distinct=False):
-        graph = self._context.graph
-        task = self._context._task
-        if task.behavior == Behavior.Query \
-            and self._context._exec_type in [TaskExecType.Query, TaskExecType.Procedure]:
-            if isinstance(args[0], tuple):
-                args = args[0]
-            export = self._context._format == "snowpark"
-            graph._action(build.return_(list(args), export=export, distinct=distinct))
-        else:
-            #TODO: good error message depending on the type of task we're dealing with
-            raise Exception("Can't select in a non-query")
-        return self._context
-
-    def __call__(self, *args: Any) -> Any:
-        if self._context._done:
-            raise errors.SelectOutOfContext()
-        return self._do_return(args)
-
-    def distinct(self, *args:Any) -> Any:
-        if self._context._done:
-            raise errors.SelectOutOfContext()
-        return self._do_return(args, distinct=True)
-
-    #--------------------------------------------------
-    # Add for `model.match() as m`
-    #--------------------------------------------------
-
-    def add(self, item, **kwargs):
-        arg_len = len(kwargs) + 1
-        if self._select_len is not None and arg_len != self._select_len:
-            raise Exception("Add must be provided the same arguments in each branch")
-        self._select_len = arg_len
-        self._assign_vars()
-        if len(self._props) and set(self._props.keys()) != set(kwargs.keys()):
-            raise Exception("Add must be provided the same properties in each branch")
-        elif len(self._props) == 0:
-            for k, v in zip(kwargs.keys(), self._vars[1:]):
-                v.name = k
-                self._props[k] = v
-
-        graph = self._context.graph
-        graph._action(build.relation_action(ActionType.Bind, self._context._task, [item, *[kwargs[k] for k in self._props.keys()]]))
-
-class Context():
-    def __init__(self, graph:'Graph', *args, behavior=Behavior.Query, op=None,
-                 exec_type=TaskExecType.Rule, dynamic=False, format="default",
-                 props=None, engine=None, tag=None, globalize=False, source=None,
-                 attributes=None, read_only=False, skip_invalid_data=False):
-        self._id = next_id()
-        self.results = DataFrame()
-        self.graph = graph
-        self._task = Task(behavior=behavior)
-        self._globalize = globalize
-        self._op = op
-        self._args = list(args)
-        self._exec_type = exec_type
-        self._select_len = None
-        self._dynamic = dynamic or any([item._dynamic for item in self.graph._stack.stack if isinstance(item, Context)])
-        self._props = props or {}
-        self._engine= engine
-        self._tag = tag # for benchmark reporting
-        self._format = self._resolve_format(format)
-        self._done = False
-        self._source = source
-        self._read_only:bool = read_only
-        self._skip_invalid_data:bool = skip_invalid_data
-
-        self._validate_attributes(attributes)
-        self._attributes = attributes
-
-    def _validate_attributes(self, attributes):
-        if attributes is None:
-            return True
-
-        for key, value in attributes.items():
-            self._validate_attribute_item(key)
-            self._validate_attribute_item(value)
-
-    def _validate_attribute_item(self, item):
-        assert isinstance(item, str), f"'{item}' must be a string"
-        assert len(item) <= MAX_QUERY_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH, f"'{item}' exceeds the maximum length of {MAX_QUERY_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH} characters."
-        assert re.match(r'^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$', item), f"'{item}' must contain only alphanumeric characters, underscores, or hyphens."
-
-    def _resolve_format(self, format):
-        if format == "default":
-            if self.graph._format != "default":
-                return self.graph._format
-            if self.graph._config.get("platform") == "snowflake":
-                # In the future we may want to default to snowpark
-                return "pandas"
-            return "pandas"
-        return format
-
-    def __enter__(self):
-        debugging.set_source(self._task, self._source)
-        self.graph._push(self)
-        return ContextSelect(self)
-
-    def __exit__(self, *args):
-        self._done = True
-        # If no exception info has been passed to args,
-        # then proceed with the normal exit process.
-        # Otherwise, return False to propagate the exception.
-        if args[0] is None:
-            if not self._dynamic:
-                debugging.check_errors(self._task)
-            try:
-                self.graph._pop(self, globalize=self._globalize)
-            except KeyboardInterrupt as e:
-                print("Canceling transactions...")
-                self.graph.resources.cancel_pending_transactions()
-                raise e
-            except RAIException as e:
-                handle_missing_integration(e)
-                raise e.clone(self.graph._config) from None
-        else:
-            self.graph._pop(self, exec=False)
-            if isinstance(args[1], RAIException):
-                raise args[1].clone(self.graph._config) from None
-        return False
-
-    def __iter__(self):
-        if self._exec_type != TaskExecType.Query:
-            raise Exception("Can't iterate over a non-query task")
-        else:
-            return self.results.itertuples(index=False)
-
-    def _repr_html_(self):
-        if self._exec_type == TaskExecType.Query:
-            if isinstance(self.results, DataFrame):
-                return self.results.to_html(index=False)
-            elif getattr(self.results, "_repr_html_", None):
-                return self.results._repr_html_()
-            elif getattr(self.results, "show"):
-                self.results.show()
-                return ""
-            else:
-                return str(self.results)
-
-    def __str__(self):
-        if self._exec_type == TaskExecType.Query:
-            if isinstance(self.results, DataFrame):
-                return self.results.to_string(index=False)
-            else:
-                return str(self.results)
-        return super().__str__()
-
-#--------------------------------------------------
-# Type
-#--------------------------------------------------
-
-def hash_values_sha256_truncated(args):
-    combined = ''.join(map(str, args))
-    combined_bytes = combined.encode('utf-8')
-    hasher = hashlib.sha256()
-    hasher.update(combined_bytes)
-    hash_128_bit = hasher.digest()[:16]
-    return hash_128_bit
-
-# @NOTE: `omit_intrinsic_type_in_hash` exists to keep node hashes (which are namespaced by their graph) stable
-#        when new nodes are directly created via `Node.add(x = ..)` instead of marking existing entities as
-#        nodes. Possible hash collisions between types happen to be okay in this case because of the access
-#        paths, but it's _not_ generally safe to use it otherwise.
-class Type(Producer):
-    def __init__(self, graph:'Graph', name:str, builtins:List[str] = [], scope:str="", omit_intrinsic_type_in_hash = False):
-        super().__init__(graph)
-        self._type = mType(scope+name)
-        self._scope = scope
-        self._omit_intrinsic_type_in_hash = omit_intrinsic_type_in_hash
-        if graph._config.get("compiler.use_value_types", False):
-            self._type.parents.append(Builtins.ValueType)
-        install = build.install(self._type)
-        self._graph._action(install)
-        debugging.set_source(install)
-
-    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        return Instance(self._graph, ActionType.Get, [self, *args], kwargs, name=self._type.name.lower(), scope=self._scope)
-
-    def add(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        inst = Instance(self._graph, ActionType.Bind, [self, *args], kwargs, name=self._type.name.lower(), is_add=True, scope=self._scope)
-        if inst._action.entity.value is not None:
-            pass
-        elif is_static(args) and is_static(kwargs):
-            params = [Var(value=t.name) for t in inst._action.types]
-            if self._omit_intrinsic_type_in_hash:
-                params.pop(0)
-            params.extend(inst._action.bindings.values())
-            inst._action.entity.value = hash_values_sha256_truncated(params)
-        elif all([isinstance(a, Type) for a in args]):
-            self._graph._action(build.ident(inst._action, self._omit_intrinsic_type_in_hash))
-        inst._add_to_graph()
-        return inst
-
-    def persist(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        inst = Instance(self._graph, ActionType.Persist, [self, *args], kwargs, name=self._type.name.lower(), is_add=True, scope=self._scope)
-        if inst._action.entity.value is not None:
-            pass
-        elif is_static(args) and is_static(kwargs):
-            params = [Var(value=t.name) for t in inst._action.types]
-            params.extend(inst._action.bindings.values())
-            inst._action.entity.value = hash_values_sha256_truncated(params)
-        elif all([isinstance(a, Type) for a in args]):
-            self._graph._action(build.ident(inst._action, self._omit_intrinsic_type_in_hash))
-        inst._add_to_graph()
-        return inst
-
-    def extend(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        for arg in args:
-            if not isinstance(arg, Type):
-                raise Exception("Can only extend a type with another type")
-            with self._graph.rule(dynamic=True):
-                a = arg()
-                a.set(self)
-            with self._graph.rule(dynamic=True):
-                a = arg()
-                neue = self(a)
-                for k, v in kwargs.items():
-                    if isinstance(v, Property):
-                        v = getattr(a, v._prop.name)
-                    neue.set(**{k:v})
-
-    def define(self, **kwargs):
-        for k, v in kwargs.items():
-            if isinstance(v, tuple):
-                (other_type, left, right) = v
-                with self._graph.rule():
-                    inst = other_type()
-                    me = self()
-                    getattr(inst, right) == getattr(me, left) # type: ignore
-                    if getattr(self, k).is_multi_valued:
-                        getattr(me, k).add(inst)
-                    else:
-                        me.set(**{k: inst})
-            else:
-                raise Exception("Define requires a tuple of (Type, left, right)")
-        return self
-
-    def keyed(self, **kwargs):
-        return KeyedType(self, kwargs)
-
-    def __or__(self, __value: Any) -> TypeUnion:
-        if isinstance(__value, Type) or isinstance(__value, TypeIntersection):
-            return TypeUnion(self._graph, [self, __value])
-        if isinstance(__value, TypeUnion):
-            return TypeUnion(self._graph, [self, *__value._types])
-        raise Exception("Can't or a type with a non-type")
-
-    def __and__(self, __value: Any) -> TypeIntersection:
-        if isinstance(__value, Type) or isinstance(__value, TypeUnion):
-            return TypeIntersection(self._graph, [self, __value])
-        if isinstance(__value, TypeIntersection):
-            return TypeIntersection(self._graph, [self, *__value._types])
-        raise Exception("Can't & a type with a non-type")
-
-    def _make_sub(self, name: str, existing=None):
-        if existing is not None:
-            return existing
-        return Property(self._graph, name, [self._type], self, scope=self._scope)
-
-    def known_properties(self):
-        return [p.name.removeprefix(self._scope) for p in self._type.properties]
-
-#--------------------------------------------------
-# KeyedType
-#--------------------------------------------------
-
-class KeyedType(Producer):
-    def __init__(self, type:Type, keys:Dict[str,Type]):
-        super().__init__(type._graph)
-        self._type = type
-        self._relation = RawRelation(self._graph, type._type.name, len(keys))
-        self._key_info = keys
-        self._key_order = list(keys.keys())
-        self._props = {}
-
-        # declare the relation
-        install = build.install(self._relation._type)
-        self._graph._action(install)
-        debugging.set_source(install)
-
-    def _prop(self, name:str):
-        if name not in self._props:
-            self._props[name] = RawRelation(self._graph, f"{self._relation._name}_{name}", len(self._key_info)+1)
-        return self._props[name]
-
-    def extend(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        raise errors.KeyedCantBeExtended()
-
-    def _collect_keys(self, args:List[Any], kwargs:Dict[str,Any]):
-        ks = self._key_info.keys()
-        all_args = dict(zip(ks, args))
-        all_args.update(kwargs)
-        props = set(all_args.keys()) - set(ks)
-        return all_args, {k: all_args.get(k) for k in ks if k in all_args}, {k: all_args[k] for k in props}
-
-    def add(self, *args:Any, **kwargs):
-        all_args, keys, props = self._collect_keys(list(args), kwargs)
-        if len(keys) != len(self._key_info):
-            raise errors.KeyedWrongArity(self._type._type.name, list(self._key_info.keys()), len(keys))
-        self._relation.add(*keys.values())
-        for k, v in props.items():
-            self._prop(k).add(*keys, v)
-        return KeyedInstance(self, list(keys), {})
-
-    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        all_args, keys, props = self._collect_keys(list(args), kwargs)
-        ks = self._key_info.keys()
-        keys = [all_args.get(k, Vars(1)) for k in ks]
-        self._relation(*keys)
-        return KeyedInstance(self, keys, props)
-
-    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> Any:
-        return self._props[name]
-
-class KeyedInstance(Producer):
-    def __init__(self, keyed_type:KeyedType, keys:List[Any], kwargs:dict={}):
-        self._keys = keys
-        self._type = keyed_type
-        for k, v in kwargs.items():
-            self._type._prop(k)(*keys, v)
-
-    def __getattr__(self, name:str):
-        if name in self._type._key_order:
-            return self._keys[self._type._key_order.index(name)]
-        v = Vars(1)
-        self._type._prop(name)(*self._keys, v)
-        return v
-
-    def set(self, **kwargs):
-        for k, v in kwargs.items():
-            self._type._prop(k).add(*self._keys, v)
-        return self
-
-    def __iter__(self):
-        return iter(self._keys)
-
-    def _to_var(self):
-        raise Exception("KeyedTypes can't be returned directly, you can only reference properties")
-
-#--------------------------------------------------
-# TypeUnion
-#--------------------------------------------------
-
-class TypeUnion(Producer):
-    def __init__(self, graph:'Graph', types:List[Type|TypeIntersection]):
-        super().__init__(graph)
-        self._types = types
-
-    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs) -> 'ContextSelect':
-        if not len(self._graph._stack.stack):
-            raise Exception("Can't create an instance outside of a context")
-        graph = self._graph
-        with graph.union(dynamic=True) as union:
-            for t in self._types:
-                with graph.scope():
-                    union.add(t(*args, **kwargs))
-        return union
-
-    def known_properties(self):
-        props = []
-        for t in self._types:
-            for prop in t.known_properties():
-                if prop not in props:
-                    props.append(prop)
-        return props
-
-    def __or__(self, __value: Any) -> 'TypeUnion':
-        if isinstance(__value, Type):
-            return TypeUnion(self._graph, [*self._types, __value])
-        if isinstance(__value, TypeUnion):
-            return TypeUnion(self._graph, [*self._types, *__value._types])
-        raise Exception("Can't or a type with a non-type")
-
-    def _make_sub(self, name: str, existing=None):
-        if existing is not None:
-            return existing
-        return Property(self._graph, name, [t._type for t in self._types], self)
-
-#--------------------------------------------------
-# TypeIntersection
-#--------------------------------------------------
-
-class TypeIntersection(Producer):
-    def __init__(self, graph:'Graph', types:List[Type|TypeUnion]):
-        super().__init__(graph)
-        self._types = types
-
-    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs) -> Producer:
-        if not len(self._graph._stack.stack):
-            raise Exception("Can't create an instance outside of a context")
-        return self._types[0](*self._types[1:], *args, **kwargs)
-
-    def known_properties(self):
-        props = []
-        for t in self._types:
-            for prop in t.known_properties():
-                if prop not in props:
-                    props.append(prop)
-        return props
-
-    def __and__(self, __value: Any) -> TypeIntersection:
-        if isinstance(__value, Type):
-            return TypeIntersection(self._graph, [*self._types, __value])
-        if isinstance(__value, TypeIntersection):
-            return TypeIntersection(self._graph, [*self._types, *__value._types])
-        raise Exception("Can't & a type with a non-type")
-
-    def _make_sub(self, name: str, existing=None):
-        if existing is not None:
-            return existing
-        return Property(self._graph, name, [t._type for t in self._types], self)
-
-#--------------------------------------------------
-# Property
-#--------------------------------------------------
-
-class Property(Producer):
-    def __init__(self, graph:'Graph', name:str, types:List[mType], provider:Type|TypeUnion|TypeIntersection, scope:str=""):
-        super().__init__(graph)
-        self._name = name
-        self._type = types[0]
-        self._scope = scope
-        self._provider = provider
-        self._prop = build.property_named(scope+name, types)
-
-    def __call__(self, key:Any, value:Any):
-        action = build.relation_action(ActionType.Get, self._prop, [key, value])
-        self._graph._action(action)
-
-    def _use_var(self):
-        raise Exception("Support properties being used as vars")
-
-    def _make_sub(self, name: str, existing=None):
-        raise Exception("Support properties on properties?")
-
-    def to_property(self):
-        return self._prop
-
-    def declare(self):
-        self._graph._action(build.install(self._prop))
-
-    def has_many(self):
-        self.declare()
-        self._graph._check_property(self._prop, multi_valued=True)
-
-    @property
-    def is_multi_valued(self):
-        return self._graph._prop_is_multi.get(self._name)
-
-#--------------------------------------------------
-# Instance
-#--------------------------------------------------
-
-class Instance(Producer):
-    def __init__(self, graph:'Graph', action_type:ActionType, positionals:List[Any], named:Dict[str,Any], var:Var|None=None, name=None, is_add=False, scope:str=""):
-        super().__init__(graph)
-        self._action = Action(action_type, to_var(var) if var else Var(name=name))
-        self._actions = [self._action]
-        self._sets = {}
-        self._context = graph._stack.active()
-        self._scope = scope
-        available_types = []
-        last_pos_var = None
-
-        #--------------------------------------------------
-        # Positionals
-        #--------------------------------------------------
-        has_ident = False
-        for pos in positionals:
-            if isinstance(pos, Type):
-                self._action.append(pos._type)
-            elif isinstance(pos, Instance):
-                if has_ident:
-                    raise MultipleIdentities()
-                has_ident = True
-                self._action.append(to_var(pos))
-                available_types.extend(pos._action.types)
-                if last_pos_var:
-                    self._graph._action(build.eq(last_pos_var, self._action.entity))
-                last_pos_var = self._action.entity
-            elif isinstance(pos, TypeUnion) or isinstance(pos, TypeIntersection):
-                self._action.append(to_var(pos()))
-                available_types.extend([t._type for t in pos._types])
-                if last_pos_var:
-                    self._graph._action(build.eq(last_pos_var, self._action.entity))
-                last_pos_var = self._action.entity
-            elif isinstance(pos, Producer):
-                if has_ident:
-                    raise MultipleIdentities()
-                has_ident = True
-                self._action.append(to_var(pos))
-                if last_pos_var:
-                    self._graph._action(build.eq(last_pos_var, self._action.entity))
-                last_pos_var = self._action.entity
-            elif isinstance(pos, (str, int)):
-                if has_ident:
-                    raise MultipleIdentities()
-                has_ident = True
-                if isinstance(pos, str):
-                    try:
-                        decoded = base64.b64decode(pos + "==")
-                        if len(decoded) == 16:
-                            first_int = decoded[:8]
-                            second_int = decoded[8:]
-                            pos = struct.pack('<Q', struct.unpack('>Q', second_int)[0]) + \
-                                      struct.pack('<Q', struct.unpack('>Q', first_int)[0])
-                    except Exception:
-                        pass
-                self._action.append(Var(value=pos))
-                last_pos_var = self._action.entity
-            else:
-                raise Exception(f"Unknown input type: {pos}")
-        available_types.extend(self._action.types)
-        if scope:
-            available_types = [t for t in available_types if t.name.startswith(scope)]
-
-        #--------------------------------------------------
-        # Handle properties
-        #--------------------------------------------------
-        for name, val in named.items():
-            prop = build.property_named(scope+name, available_types)
-
-            if val is None:
-                raise Exception(f"{prop}'s value is None, please provide a value for the property")
-
-            if isinstance(val, int) and action_type == ActionType.Get:
-                orig = val
-                val = Vars(1)
-                self._actions.append(build.eq(val, orig, approx=True))
-
-            prop_var = to_var(val)
-
-            if prop_var.isa(Builtins.ExternalInput):
-                orig = prop_var
-                prop_var = to_var(Vars(1))
-                self._actions.append(build.eq(prop_var, orig, approx=True))
-
-            if is_collection(prop_var.value):
-                raise Exception("Can't set a property to a collection")
-
-            if not prop_var.name:
-                prop_var.name = prop.name
-            if action_type.is_effect():
-                self._graph._check_property(prop)
-            else:
-                self._graph._check_property(prop, unknown_cardinality=True)
-            self._action.append(prop, prop_var)
-
-        #--------------------------------------------------
-        # Entities
-        #--------------------------------------------------
-        self._var = self._action.entity
-        if self._var.type == Builtins.Unknown and len(self._action.types):
-            self._var.type = self._action.types[0]
-        if not is_add and (self._action.types or self._action.bindings):
-            self._add_to_graph()
-
-    def _to_var(self):
-        if not self._graph._stack.contains(self._context):
-            exception = VariableOutOfContextException(Errors.call_source(), self._var.name)
-            raise exception from None
-        return self._var
-
-    def _add_to_graph(self):
-        for action in self._actions:
-            self._graph._action(action)
-
-    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        pass
-
-    def __setattr__(self, name: str, value: Any) -> None:
-        if name.startswith("_"):
-            return super().__setattr__(name, value)
-        exception = InvalidPropertySetException(Errors.call_source(3))
-        raise exception from None
-
-    def _make_sub(self, name: str, existing=None):
-        if self._sets.get(name) is not None:
-            return self._sets[name]
-        if existing is not None:
-            inst = InstanceProperty(self._graph, self, name, var=existing._var, scope=self._scope)
-            inst._subs = existing._subs
-            return inst
-        prop = build.property_named(self._scope+name, self._action.types)
-        if self._action.bindings.get(prop):
-            return InstanceProperty(self._graph, self, name, var=self._action.bindings[prop], scope=self._scope)
-        return InstanceProperty(self._graph, self, name, scope=self._scope)
-
-    def set(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        if self._graph._stack.active() is self._context:
-            self._sets.update(kwargs)
-        Instance(self._graph, ActionType.Bind, [self, *args], kwargs, var=self._var, scope=self._scope)
-        return self
-
-    def persist(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        Instance(self._graph, ActionType.Persist, [self, *args], kwargs, var=self._var, scope=self._scope)
-        return self
-
-    def unpersist(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        Instance(self._graph, ActionType.Unpersist, [self, *args], kwargs, var=self._var, scope=self._scope)
-        return self
-
-    def has_value(self):
-        return self != rel.Missing # type:ignore
-
-#--------------------------------------------------
-# InstanceProperty
-#--------------------------------------------------
-
-class InstanceProperty(Producer):
-    def __init__(self, graph:'Graph', instance:Instance, name:str, var=None, scope:str=""):
-        super().__init__(graph)
-        self._instance = instance
-
-        self._prop = build.property_named(scope+name, instance._action.types)
-        self._var = var or Var(self._prop.type, name=name)
-        self._check_context()
-        self._scope = scope
-        new = Instance(self._graph, ActionType.Get, [instance], {name: self._var}, scope=self._scope)
-        self._action = new._action
-
-    def _check_context(self):
-        if not self._graph._stack.contains(self._instance._context):
-            name = f"{self._instance._var.name}.{self._var.name}"
-            exception = VariableOutOfContextException(Errors.call_source(), name, is_property=True)
-            raise exception from None
-
-    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        name = f"{self._instance._var.name}.{self._var.name}"
-        exception = NonCallablePropertyException(Errors.call_source(), name)
-        raise exception from None
-
-    def _make_sub(self, name: str, existing=None):
-        if existing is not None and self._graph._stack.is_active(existing._instance._context):
-            return existing
-        return getattr(Instance(self._graph, ActionType.Get, [self], {}), name)
-
-    def _to_var(self):
-        self._check_context()
-        return self._var
-
-    def or_(self, other):
-        self._graph._remove_action(self._action)
-        default = build.call(Builtins.Default, [self._prop, other, self._instance, self])
-        self._graph._action(default)
-        return self
-
-    def in_(self, others):
-        other_rel = InlineRelation(self._graph, [(x,) for x in others])
-        return self == other_rel
-
-    def has_value(self):
-        return self != rel.Missing # type:ignore
-
-    def _remove_if_unused(self):
-        # When calling append/extend we aren't necessarily doing a get on the property,
-        # but we will already have added one. If we're the only thing using this get,
-        # we remove it so that it doesn't unnecessarily constrain the query.
-        remove = False
-        for item in reversed(self._graph._stack.items):
-            if item is self._action:
-                remove = True
-                break
-            elif isinstance(item, Action):
-                if self._var in item.vars():
-                    remove = False
-                    break
-        if remove:
-            self._graph._remove_action(self._action)
-
-    def set(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        return Instance(self._graph, ActionType.Get, [self], {}).set(*args, **kwargs)
-
-    def add(self, other):
-        self._remove_if_unused()
-        self._graph._check_property(self._prop, multi_valued=True)
-        rel = Action(ActionType.Bind, to_var(self._instance), [], {self._prop: to_var(other)})
-        self._graph._action(rel)
-
-    def extend(self, others):
-        self._remove_if_unused()
-        self._graph._check_property(self._prop, True)
-        for other in others:
-            rel = Action(ActionType.Bind, to_var(self._instance), [], {self._prop: to_var(other)})
-            self._graph._action(rel)
-
-    def choose(self, num, unique=True):
-        if num < 1:
-            raise ValueError("Must choose a positive number of items")
-        self._remove_if_unused()
-        items = [getattr(Instance(self._graph, ActionType.Get, [self._instance], {}), self._prop.name) for ix in range(num)]
-        if unique:
-            for ix in range(num-1):
-                items[ix] < items[ix+1]
-        return items
-
-#--------------------------------------------------
-# Expression
-#--------------------------------------------------
-
-class Expression(Producer):
-    def __init__(self, graph:'Graph', op:mType|Task, args:List[Any]):
-
-        super().__init__(graph)
-        self._var = None
-        self._context = graph._stack.active()
-
-        # For calls to tasks with known signatures, normalize their arguments by
-        # throwing on missing inputs or constructing vars for missing outputs
-        if op.properties and not op.isa(Builtins.Anonymous):
-            for prop, arg in zip_longest(op.properties, args):
-                if arg is None:
-                    if prop.is_input:
-                        raise TypeError(f"{op.name} is missing a required argument: '{prop.name}'")
-                    else:
-                        args.append(Var(prop.type, name=prop.name))
-
-            # Expose the last output as the result, to ensure we don't double-create it in _use_var.
-            # @NOTE: Literal values like 1 show up here from calls like `rel.range(0, len(df), 1)`
-            if not op.properties[-1].is_input and isinstance(args[-1], Var):
-                self._var = args[-1]
-
-        self._expr = build.call(op, args)
-        self._graph._action(self._expr)
-
-    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        raise Exception("Expressions can't be called")
-
-    def _use_var(self):
-        if self._expr.entity.isa(Builtins.Filter):
-            if isinstance(runtime_env, SnowbookEnvironment):
-                return
-            raise FilterAsValue(Errors.call_source())
-        elif not self._var:
-            self._var = Var(Builtins.Unknown)
-            prop = build.property_named("result", self._expr.types)
-            self._expr.append(prop, self._var)
-
-        if not self._graph._stack.contains(self._context):
-            exception = VariableOutOfContextException(Errors.call_source(), self._var.name or "a result")
-            raise exception from None
-
-    def _make_sub(self, name: str, existing=None):
-        if existing is not None and existing._instance._context is self._graph._stack.active():
-            return existing
-        return getattr(Instance(self._graph, ActionType.Get, [self], {}), name)
-
-    def has_value(self):
-        return self != rel.Missing # type:ignore
-
-#--------------------------------------------------
-# RelationNS
-#--------------------------------------------------
-
-unsafe_symbol_pattern = re.compile(r"[^a-zA-Z0-9_]", re.UNICODE)
-def safe_symbol(name: str):
-    return f':"{name}"' if unsafe_symbol_pattern.search(name) else f":{name}"
-
-class RelationNS():
-    def __init__(self, ns:List[str], name:str, use_rel_namespaces=False, tags:List[mType]=[]):
-        if name == "getdoc":
-            rich.print("[red bold]GETDOC CALLED")
-            traceback.print_stack()
-            return
-        self._name = name
-        self._ns = ns
-        self._subs = {}
-        self._use_rel_namespaces = use_rel_namespaces
-        self._rel = self._build_rel()
-        self._tags = tags
-
-    def __call__(self, *args: Any, **kwds: Any) -> Any:
-        op = self._rel
-        for t in self._tags:
-            tag(self, t)
-        self._ensure_args(len(args))
-        return Expression(get_graph(), op, list(args))
-
-    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> RelationNS:
-        self._subs[name] = self._make_sub(name, self._subs.get(name))
-        return self._subs[name]
-
-    def _make_sub(self, name: str, existing=None):
-        if existing is not None:
-            return existing
-        ns = self._ns[:]
-        if self._name:
-            ns.append(self._name)
-        return self.__class__(ns, name, use_rel_namespaces=self._use_rel_namespaces, tags=self._tags)
-
-    def _build_rel(self, arg_count = 0):
-        fqn_parts = self._ns + [self._name]
-        if self._use_rel_namespaces:
-            return build.relation('::'+'::'.join(fqn_parts), arg_count)
-        if len(fqn_parts) == 1:
-            return build.relation(fqn_parts[0], arg_count)
-        else:
-            return build.relation(f"{fqn_parts[0]}[{', '.join(safe_symbol(part) for part in fqn_parts[1:])}]", arg_count)
-
-    def _ensure_args(self, arg_count):
-        if len(self._rel.properties) <= arg_count:
-            self._rel.properties = [Builtins.Relation.properties[i] for i in range(arg_count)]
-
-    def add(self, *args):
-        op = self._rel
-        self._ensure_args(len(args))
-        get_graph()._action(build.relation_action(ActionType.Bind, op, list(args)))
-
-    def _to_var(self):
-        return Var(Builtins.Relation, value=self._build_rel())
-
-    def _tagged(self, *tags: mType):
-        return self.__class__(self._ns, self._name, use_rel_namespaces=self._use_rel_namespaces, tags=list(tags))
-
-#--------------------------------------------------
-# RawRelation
-#--------------------------------------------------
-
-class RawRelation(Producer):
-    def __init__(self, graph:'Graph', name:str, arity:int):
-        super().__init__(graph)
-        self._name = name
-        self._arity = arity
-        self._type = build.relation(self._name, self._arity)
-
-    def __call__(self, *args: Any, **kwds: Any) -> Any:
-        return Expression(self._graph, self._type, list(args))
-
-    def add(self, *args):
-        self._graph._action(build.relation_action(ActionType.Bind, self._type, list(args)))
-
-    def _make_sub(self, name: str, existing=None):
-        return existing
-
-    def _to_var(self):
-        return Var(Builtins.Relation, value=self._type)
-
-#--------------------------------------------------
-# InlineRelation
-#--------------------------------------------------
-
-class InlineRelation():
-    def __init__(self, graph:'Graph', data:List[Tuple]):
-        self._var = Var(type=Builtins.InlineRawData)
-        self._graph = graph
-        cols = [[] for _ in range(len(data[0]))]
-        for row in data:
-            for i, val in enumerate(row):
-                cols[i].append(to_var(val))
-
-        params = [Var(value=col) for col in cols]
-        params.append(self._var)
-        q = build.relation_action(ActionType.Get, Builtins.InlineRawData, params)
-        self._graph._action(q)
-
-    def _to_var(self):
-        return self._var
-
-#--------------------------------------------------
-# Rows
-#--------------------------------------------------
-
-class Rows():
-    def __init__(self, graph:'Graph', data:List[Any]):
-        self._graph = graph
-
-        col_names = []
-        data_cols = []
-
-        size = len(data)
-        warning_size = 1000
-        error_size = 10000
-        if size > error_size:
-            raise errors.RowLiteralTooLarge(size, max_size=error_size)
-        elif size > warning_size:
-            errors.RowLiteralTooLargeWarning(size, max_size=warning_size)
-
-        first = data[0]
-        if isinstance(first, dict):
-            col_names = list(first.keys())
-            data_cols = [[] for _ in range(len(col_names))]
-            for row in data:
-                for ix, col in enumerate(col_names):
-                    if col not in row:
-                        raise errors.RowLiteralMismatch("keys")
-                    data_cols[ix].append(row[col])
-        elif isinstance(first, tuple):
-            data_cols = [[] for _ in range(len(first))]
-            for row in data:
-                if len(row) != len(first):
-                    raise errors.RowLiteralMismatch("length")
-                for ix, col in enumerate(row):
-                    data_cols[ix].append(col)
-        elif isinstance(first, list):
-            data_cols = [data]
-        else:
-            raise Exception("Unsupported data type: must be a list")
-
-        data_vars = [Var(value=col) for col in data_cols]
-        if col_names:
-            vars = [Var(name=name) for name in col_names]
-        else:
-            vars = [Var() for _ in range(len(data_vars))]
-
-        self._fetch = build.relation_action(ActionType.Get, Builtins.RawData, [*data_vars, *vars])
-        self._var = vars[-1]
-        self._vars = vars
-        self._columns = col_names
-
-    def _add_to_graph(self):
-        if not self._graph._in_rule():
-            raise errors.OutOfContextException()
-        self._graph._action(self._fetch, dedupe=True)
-
-    def _to_var(self):
-        self._add_to_graph()
-        return self._var
-
-    def __getitem__(self, index):
-        self._add_to_graph()
-        if isinstance(index, str):
-            return getattr(self, index)
-        return self._vars[index]
-
-    def __getattr__(self, name):
-        if name in self._columns:
-            self._add_to_graph()
-            return self._vars[self._columns.index(name)]
-        raise AttributeError(f"Set has no attribute '{name}'")
-
-#--------------------------------------------------
-# Symbol
-#--------------------------------------------------
-
-class Symbol():
-    def __init__(self, name:str):
-        self._var = Var(Builtins.Symbol, value=name)
-
-    def _to_var(self):
-        return self._var
-
-#--------------------------------------------------
-# RelationRef
-#--------------------------------------------------
-
-class RelationRef(Producer):
-    def __init__(self, graph:'Graph', rel:Task|mType, args:List[Var]):
-        super().__init__(graph)
-        self._rel = rel
-        self._args = args
-        self._var = args[-1]
-        self._action = build.relation_action(ActionType.Get, self._rel, self._args)
-
-    def _use_var(self):
-        self._graph._action(self._action)
-
-    def _make_sub(self, name: str, existing=None):
-        return getattr(Instance(self._graph, ActionType.Get, [self], {}), name)
-
-    def __enter__(self):
-        super().__enter__()
-        self._use_var()
-        Instance(self._graph, ActionType.Get, [self], {}).has_value()
-
-#--------------------------------------------------
-# Export
-#--------------------------------------------------
-
-allowed_export_types = [Type, str, numbers.Number, datetime.datetime, datetime.date, bool]
-
-def check_type(name, type):
-    if not any(isinstance(type, t) or (inspect.isclass(type) and issubclass(type, t))
-                for t in allowed_export_types):
-        raise TypeError(f"Argument '{name}' is an unsupported type: {type}")
-
-def export(model, schema, kwargs):
-    try:
-        parser = IdentityParser(schema)
-    except ParseError as e:
-        raise Exception(f"Not able to parse provided schema '{schema}'. {e}")
-
-    def decorator(func):
-        # Get type hints of the function
-        hints = get_type_hints(func)
-        input_types = [hints[name] for name in hints if name != 'return']
-        arg_names = func.__code__.co_varnames[:func.__code__.co_argcount]
-        for name in arg_names:
-            if name not in hints:
-                raise TypeError(f"Argument '{name}' must have a type hint")
-            check_type(name, hints[name])
-
-        output_types = []
-        has_return_hint = 'return' in hints
-        if has_return_hint:
-            ret = hints.get('return')
-            if typing.get_origin(ret) is tuple:
-                for t in typing.get_args(ret):
-                    check_type("return", t)
-                    output_types.append(t)
-            else:
-                check_type("return", ret)
-                output_types.append(ret)
-        name = f"{schema}.{func.__name__}" if schema else func.__name__
-        props = {
-            "name": name if parser.entity is None else parser.identity,
-            "outputs": output_types if has_return_hint else None,
-        }
-
-        ctx = Context(model, exec_type=TaskExecType.Procedure, props=props, format="snowpark", **kwargs)
-        with ctx as ret:
-            inputs = to_list(Vars(len(arg_names)))
-            for i in inputs:
-                i._var.type = Builtins.ExternalInput
-            props["inputs"] = list(zip(arg_names, [to_var(i) for i in inputs], input_types))
-            outs = to_list(func(*inputs))
-            if has_return_hint and len(outs) != len(output_types):
-                raise TypeError(f"Function '{func.__name__}' must return {len(output_types)} values according to the type hints")
-            ret(*outs)
-
-        def wrapper():
-            raise Exception("Exports can't be called directly. They are exported to the underlying platform")
-
-        return wrapper
-    return decorator
-
-#--------------------------------------------------
-# RuleStack
-#--------------------------------------------------
-
-class RuleStack():
-    def __init__(self, graph:'Graph'):
-        self.items = []
-        self.stack = []
-        self._graph = graph
-
-    def push(self, item):
-        self.stack.append(item)
-        self.items.append(("push", item))
-
-    def pop(self, item, globalize=False):
-        self.stack.pop()
-        self.items.append(("pop", item))
-        if len(self.stack) == 0:
-            compacted = self.compact()
-            self.items.clear()
-            if len(compacted.items):
-                return compacted
-        elif globalize:
-            ix = self.items.index(("push", item))
-            temp_items = self.items[0:ix]
-            self.items = self.items[ix:]
-            compacted = self.compact()
-            self.items = temp_items
-            if len(compacted.items):
-                return compacted
-
-    def push_item(self, item):
-        if not len(self.stack):
-            raise Exception("Can't push a non-context item onto an empty stack")
-        self.items.append(item)
-
-    def contains(self, item):
-        for i in self.stack:
-            if i is item:
-                return True
-
-    def is_active(self, item):
-        if isinstance(item, Context) and item._task.behavior != Behavior.Query:
-            return False
-        return item is self.active()
-
-    def in_context(self, item):
-        if isinstance(item, Context) and item._task.behavior != Behavior.Query:
-            return False
-        return self.contains(item)
-
-    def active(self):
-        try:
-            cur = self.stack[-1]
-            if cur is self._graph._temp_rule:
-                exception = OutOfContextException(Errors.call_source())
-                raise exception from None
-            return cur
-        except IndexError:
-            exception = OutOfContextException(Errors.call_source())
-            raise exception from None
-
-    def _expression_start(self, buffer, single_use_vars):
-        consume_from = -1
-        if not len(buffer):
-            return consume_from
-        # we can only pull vars if their only use is for this condition
-        used_vars = set(buffer[-1].requires_provides()[0] & single_use_vars)
-        # walk buffer in reverse collecting vars in the action until we get one
-        # that doesn't provide a var we care about
-        for action in reversed(buffer[:-1]):
-            if not isinstance(action, Action):
-                break
-            req, provs, _ = action.requires_provides()
-            # don't pull in vars the represent root entities even though they're provided
-            # by gets. This prevents scenarios where p = Person() would get pulled in if you
-            # did with p.age > 10:
-            provs = provs - {action.entity}
-            if len(used_vars.intersection(provs)):
-                used_vars.update(req & single_use_vars)
-                consume_from -= 1
-            else:
-                break
-        return consume_from
-
-    def compact(self) -> Task:
-        stack:List[Task] = []
-        buffer = []
-
-        var_uses = {}
-        for item in self.items:
-            if isinstance(item, Action):
-                if item.action == ActionType.Get:
-                    for var in item.vars():
-                        var_uses[var] = var_uses.get(var, 0) + 1
-                else:
-                    for var in item.vars():
-                        var_uses[var] = var_uses.get(var, 0) - 1
-
-        # check for 2 refs - one create and one use
-        single_use_vars = set([var for var, uses in var_uses.items() if uses >= 0])
-
-        for item in self.items:
-            if not isinstance(item, tuple):
-                buffer.append(item)
-                continue
-
-            op, value = item
-            if op == "push":
-                if isinstance(value, Context):
-                    if len(buffer):
-                        stack[-1].items.extend(buffer)
-                        buffer.clear()
-                    task = value._task
-                elif isinstance(value, RelationRef):
-                    if len(buffer):
-                        stack[-1].items.extend(buffer)
-                        buffer.clear()
-                    task = Task()
-
-                elif isinstance(value, Producer):
-                    consume_from = self._expression_start(buffer, single_use_vars)
-                    stack[-1].items.extend(buffer[:consume_from])
-                    buffer = buffer[consume_from:]
-                    task = Task()
-                else:
-                    raise Exception(f"Unknown push type: {type(value)}")
-
-                stack.append(task)
-
-            elif op == "pop":
-                cur = stack.pop()
-                cur.items.extend(buffer)
-                buffer.clear()
-                if not len(stack):
-                    return cur
-                if isinstance(value, Context) and value._op:
-                    stack[-1].items.append(build.call(value._op, [Var(value=value._args), Var(Builtins.Task, value=cur)]))
-                else:
-                    stack[-1].items.append(build.call(cur, list(cur.bindings.values())))
-
-        raise Exception("No task found")
-
-#--------------------------------------------------
-# Graph
-#--------------------------------------------------
-
-locals = threading.local()
-locals.graph_stack = []
-
-def get_graph() -> 'Graph':
-    _ensure_stack()
-    if not len(locals.graph_stack):
-        raise Exception("Outside of a model context")
-    return locals.graph_stack[-1]
-
-def _ensure_stack():
-    if not hasattr(locals, "graph_stack"):
-        locals.graph_stack = []
-    return locals.graph_stack
-
-rel = RelationNS([], "")
-global_ns = RelationNS([], "", use_rel_namespaces=True)
-
-def alias(ref:Any, name:str):
-    var = to_var(ref)
-    var.name = name
-    return var
-
-def tag(ref:Any, tag:mType):
-    if isinstance(ref, RelationNS):
-        parents = ref._rel.parents
-    elif isinstance(ref, Type):
-        parents = ref._type.parents
-    elif isinstance(ref, Property):
-        parents = ref._type.parents
-    else:
-        return
-    if tag not in parents:
-        parents.append(tag)
-
-def create_var() -> Instance:
-    return Instance(get_graph(), ActionType.Get, [], {}, Var(Builtins.Unknown))
-
-def create_vars(count: int) -> List[Instance]:
-    return [create_var() for _ in range(count)]
-
-def Vars(count: int):
-    if count == 1:
-        return create_var()
-    return create_vars(count)
-
-class Graph:
-    def __init__(self, client:Client, name:str, format:str="default"):
-        self.name = name
-        self._executed = []
-        self._client = client
-        self._config = client.resources.config
-        self.resources = client.resources
-        self._prop_is_multi:Dict[str, bool] = {}
-        self._format = format
-        self._stack = RuleStack(self)
-        self._restore_temp()
-
-        self._Error = Type(self, "Error", scope="pyrel_error_")
-        self._error_props = set()
-
-
-    #--------------------------------------------------
-    # Rule stack
-    #--------------------------------------------------
-
-    def _flush_temp(self):
-        if self._temp_rule:
-            self._pop(self._temp_rule, is_temp=True)
-            if not len(_ensure_stack()):
-                _ensure_stack().append(self)
-            self._temp_rule = None
-
-    def _restore_temp(self):
-        self._temp_rule = Context(self)
-        _ensure_stack().append(self)
-        self._stack.push(self._temp_rule)
-
-    def _temp_is_active(self):
-        return self._temp_rule and len(self._stack.items) > 1
-
-    def _in_rule(self):
-        return not self._temp_rule
-
-    def _push(self, item):
-        _ensure_stack().append(self)
-        self._flush_temp()
-        self._stack.push(item)
-
-    def _pop(self, item, exec=True, is_temp=False, globalize=False):
-        _ensure_stack().pop()
-        task = self._stack.pop(item, globalize=globalize)
-        try:
-            if exec and task:
-                self._exec(item, task)
-        finally:
-            if not is_temp and not len(self._stack.stack):
-                self._restore_temp()
-
-    def _action(self, action:Action|List[Action], dedupe=False):
-        if isinstance(action, list):
-            for a in action:
-                self._action(a, dedupe=dedupe)
-            return
-        if dedupe and self._stack.contains(action):
-            return
-        self._stack.push_item(action)
-
-    def _remove_action(self, action):
-        self._stack.items.remove(action)
-
-    def _exec(self, context:Context, task):
-        props = context._props
-        if context._exec_type == TaskExecType.Rule:
-            self._client.install(f"rule{len(self._executed)}", context._task)
-        elif context._exec_type == TaskExecType.Query:
-            headers = {QUERY_ATTRIBUTES_HEADER: json.dumps(context._attributes)} if context._attributes else {}
-            context.results = self._client.query(context._task, tag=context._tag, format=context._format, headers=headers, read_only=context._read_only, skip_invalid_data=context._skip_invalid_data)
-        elif context._exec_type == TaskExecType.Procedure:
-            self._client.export_udf(props["name"], props["inputs"], props["outputs"], context._task, props.get("engine"), skip_invalid_data=context._skip_invalid_data)
-        elif context._exec_type == TaskExecType.Export:
-            self._client.export_table(props["name"], props["rel"], props["columns"], context._task, engine=props.get("engine"), refresh=props.get("refresh"))
-        self._executed.append(context)
-
-    #--------------------------------------------------
-    # Property handling
-    #--------------------------------------------------
-
-    def _check_property(self, prop:mProperty, multi_valued=False, unknown_cardinality=False):
-        name = prop.name
-        if name in RESERVED_PROPS:
-            exception = ReservedPropertyException(Errors.call_source(), name)
-            raise exception from None
-
-        if unknown_cardinality:
-            if name in self._prop_is_multi and self._prop_is_multi[name] and Builtins.MultiValued not in prop.parents:
-                prop.parents.append(Builtins.MultiValued)
-            return
-
-        if name in self._prop_is_multi:
-            if self._prop_is_multi[name] != multi_valued:
-                raise Exception(
-                    f"Trying to use a property `{name}` as both singular and multi-valued. "
-                    "This often happens when multiple types have a property with the same name, but one is single-valued and the other is multi-valued. "
-                    "Consider using a plural name for the multi-valued property. "
-                    "See https://relational.ai/docs/develop/core-concepts#setting-object-properties for more information."
-                )
-            elif self._prop_is_multi[name] and Builtins.MultiValued not in prop.parents:
-                prop.parents.append(Builtins.MultiValued)
-        else:
-            self._prop_is_multi[name] = multi_valued
-
-        if not multi_valued and Builtins.FunctionAnnotation not in prop.parents:
-            prop.parents.append(Builtins.FunctionAnnotation)
-        elif multi_valued and Builtins.MultiValued not in prop.parents:
-            prop.parents.append(Builtins.MultiValued)
-
-    #--------------------------------------------------
-    # Public API
-    #--------------------------------------------------
-
-    def Type(self, name:str, source=None):
-        if source:
-            return self.resources.to_model_type(self, name, source)
-        return Type(self, name)
-
-    def _error_like(self, message:str, kwargs:Dict[str, Any], is_error:bool):
-        kwargs["message"] = message
-        kwargs["severity"] = "error" if is_error else "warning"
-        source = Errors.call_source()
-        id = 0
-        if source:
-            id = len(errors.ModelError.error_locations)
-            errors.ModelError.error_locations[id] = source
-            kwargs["pyrel_id"] = id
-        for k, v in kwargs.items():
-            if k not in self._error_props:
-                self._error_props.add(k)
-                with self.rule():
-                    e = self._Error()
-                    rel.output.pyrel_error.add(e, k, getattr(e, k))
-        if is_error:
-            with self.case():
-                self._Error(pyrel_id=id)
-                rel.abort.add()
-        return self._Error.add(**kwargs)
-
-    def error(self, message:str, **kwargs):
-        return self._error_like(message, kwargs, is_error=True)
-
-    def warn(self, message:str, **kwargs):
-        return self._error_like(message, kwargs, is_error=False)
-
-    def rule(self, **kwargs):
-        return Context(self, **kwargs)
-
-    def scope(self, **kwargs):
-        return Context(self, **kwargs)
-
-    def case(self, **kwargs):
-        return Context(self, **kwargs)
-
-    def match(self, multiple=False, **kwargs):
-        if not multiple:
-            return Context(self, behavior=Behavior.OrderedChoice, **kwargs)
-        else:
-            return Context(self, behavior=Behavior.Union, **kwargs)
-
-    def query(self, **kwargs):
-        return Context(self, exec_type=TaskExecType.Query, **kwargs)
-
-    def export(self, object:str = "", **kwargs):
-        return export(self, object, kwargs)
-
-    def found(self, **kwargs):
-        return Context(self, op=Builtins.Exists, **kwargs)
-
-    def not_found(self, **kwargs):
-        return Context(self, op=Builtins.Not, **kwargs)
-
-    def union(self, **kwargs):
-        return Context(self, behavior=Behavior.Union, **kwargs)
-
-    def ordered_choice(self, **kwargs):
-        return Context(self, behavior=Behavior.OrderedChoice, **kwargs)
-
-    def read(self, name:str, **kwargs):
-        from relationalai.loaders.loader import read_resource_context # We do the late import to break an dependency cycle
-        return read_resource_context(self, name, **kwargs)
-
-    def load_raw(self, path:str):
-        if os.path.isfile(path):
-            if path.endswith('.rel'):
-                self._client.load_raw_file(path)
-        elif os.path.isdir(path):
-            for root, _, files in os.walk(path):
-                for file in files:
-                    if file.endswith('.rel'):
-                        file_path = os.path.join(root, file)
-                        self._client.load_raw_file(file_path)
-
-    def exec_raw(self, code:str, readonly=False, raw_results=True, abort_on_error=True, inputs={}, query_timeout_mins: Optional[int]=None):
-        try:
-            return self._client.exec_raw(code, readonly=readonly, raw_results=raw_results, inputs=inputs, abort_on_error=abort_on_error, query_timeout_mins=query_timeout_mins)
-        except KeyboardInterrupt as e:
-            print("Canceling transactions...")
-            self.resources.cancel_pending_transactions()
-            raise e
-        except RAIException as e:
-            raise e.clone(self._config) from None
-
-    def install_raw(self, code:str, name:str|None = None, overwrite=False):
-        self._client.install_raw(code, name, overwrite)