qiskit 2.0.3__cp39-abi3-manylinux2014_aarch64.manylinux_2_17_aarch64.whl

qiskit/circuit/library/standard_gates/global_phase.py

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+# This code is part of Qiskit.
+#
+# (C) Copyright IBM 2023.
+#
+# This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may
+# obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory
+# of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.
+#
+# Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this
+# copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating
+# that they have been altered from the originals.
+
+"""Global Phase Gate"""
+
+from typing import Optional
+
+import numpy
+
+from qiskit.circuit.gate import Gate
+from qiskit.circuit.parameterexpression import ParameterValueType
+from qiskit._accelerate.circuit import StandardGate
+
+
+class GlobalPhaseGate(Gate):
+    r"""The global phase gate (:math:`e^{i\theta}`).
+
+    Can be applied to a :class:`~qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit`
+
+    **Mathematical Representation:**
+
+    .. math::
+        \text{GlobalPhaseGate}\ =
+            \begin{pmatrix}
+                e^{i\theta}
+            \end{pmatrix}
+    """
+
+    _standard_gate = StandardGate.GlobalPhaseGate
+
+    def __init__(self, phase: ParameterValueType, label: Optional[str] = None):
+        """
+        Args:
+            phase: The value of phase it takes.
+            label: An optional label for the gate.
+        """
+        super().__init__("global_phase", 0, [phase], label=label)
+
+    def _define(self):
+        # pylint: disable=cyclic-import
+        from qiskit.circuit import QuantumCircuit, QuantumRegister
+
+        q = QuantumRegister(0, "q")
+        qc = QuantumCircuit(q, name=self.name, global_phase=self.params[0])
+
+        self.definition = qc
+
+    def inverse(self, annotated: bool = False):
+        r"""Return inverse GlobalPhaseGate gate.
+
+        :math:`\text{GlobalPhaseGate}(\lambda)^{\dagger} = \text{GlobalPhaseGate}(-\lambda)`
+
+        Args:
+            annotated: when set to ``True``, this is typically used to return an
+                :class:`.AnnotatedOperation` with an inverse modifier set instead of a concrete
+                :class:`.Gate`. However, for this class this argument is ignored as the inverse
+                is always another :class:`.GlobalPhaseGate` with an inverted
+                parameter value.
+
+        Returns:
+            GlobalPhaseGate: inverse gate.
+        """
+        return GlobalPhaseGate(-self.params[0])
+
+    def __array__(self, dtype=None, copy=None):
+        """Return a numpy.array for the global_phase gate."""
+        if copy is False:
+            raise ValueError("unable to avoid copy while creating an array as requested")
+        theta = self.params[0]
+        return numpy.array([[numpy.exp(1j * theta)]], dtype=dtype or complex)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, GlobalPhaseGate):
+            return self._compare_parameters(other)
+        return False

qiskit/circuit/library/standard_gates/h.py

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+# This code is part of Qiskit.
+#
+# (C) Copyright IBM 2017.
+#
+# This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may
+# obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory
+# of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.
+#
+# Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this
+# copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating
+# that they have been altered from the originals.
+
+"""Hadamard gate."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from math import sqrt, pi
+from typing import Optional, Union
+import numpy
+from qiskit.circuit.singleton import SingletonGate, SingletonControlledGate, stdlib_singleton_key
+from qiskit.circuit._utils import with_gate_array, with_controlled_gate_array
+from qiskit._accelerate.circuit import StandardGate
+
+_H_ARRAY = 1 / sqrt(2) * numpy.array([[1, 1], [1, -1]], dtype=numpy.complex128)
+
+
+@with_gate_array(_H_ARRAY)
+class HGate(SingletonGate):
+    r"""Single-qubit Hadamard gate.
+
+    This gate is a \pi rotation about the X+Z axis, and has the effect of
+    changing computation basis from :math:`|0\rangle,|1\rangle` to
+    :math:`|+\rangle,|-\rangle` and vice-versa.
+
+    Can be applied to a :class:`~qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit`
+    with the :meth:`~qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit.h` method.
+
+    **Circuit symbol:**
+
+    .. code-block:: text
+
+             ┌───┐
+        q_0: ┤ H ├
+             └───┘
+
+    **Matrix Representation:**
+
+    .. math::
+
+        H = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}
+            \begin{pmatrix}
+                1 & 1 \\
+                1 & -1
+            \end{pmatrix}
+    """
+
+    _standard_gate = StandardGate.HGate
+
+    def __init__(self, label: Optional[str] = None):
+        """Create new H gate."""
+        super().__init__("h", 1, [], label=label)
+
+    _singleton_lookup_key = stdlib_singleton_key()
+
+    def _define(self):
+        """
+        gate h a { u2(0,pi) a; }
+        """
+        # pylint: disable=cyclic-import
+        from qiskit.circuit import QuantumCircuit, QuantumRegister
+        from .u2 import U2Gate
+
+        q = QuantumRegister(1, "q")
+        qc = QuantumCircuit(q, name=self.name)
+        rules = [(U2Gate(0, pi), [q[0]], [])]
+        for instr, qargs, cargs in rules:
+            qc._append(instr, qargs, cargs)
+
+        self.definition = qc
+
+    def control(
+        self,
+        num_ctrl_qubits: int = 1,
+        label: str | None = None,
+        ctrl_state: int | str | None = None,
+        annotated: bool | None = None,
+    ):
+        """Return a (multi-)controlled-H gate.
+
+        One control qubit returns a CH gate.
+
+        Args:
+            num_ctrl_qubits: number of control qubits.
+            label: An optional label for the gate [Default: ``None``]
+            ctrl_state: control state expressed as integer,
+                string (e.g.``'110'``), or ``None``. If ``None``, use all 1s.
+            annotated: indicates whether the controlled gate should be implemented
+                as an annotated gate. If ``None``, this is handled as ``False``.
+
+        Returns:
+            ControlledGate: controlled version of this gate.
+        """
+        if not annotated and num_ctrl_qubits == 1:
+            gate = CHGate(label=label, ctrl_state=ctrl_state, _base_label=self.label)
+        else:
+            gate = super().control(
+                num_ctrl_qubits=num_ctrl_qubits,
+                label=label,
+                ctrl_state=ctrl_state,
+                annotated=annotated,
+            )
+        return gate
+
+    def inverse(self, annotated: bool = False):
+        r"""Return inverted H gate (itself).
+
+        Args:
+            annotated: when set to ``True``, this is typically used to return an
+                :class:`.AnnotatedOperation` with an inverse modifier set instead of a concrete
+                :class:`.Gate`. However, for this class this argument is ignored as this gate
+                is self-inverse.
+
+        Returns:
+            HGate: inverse gate (self-inverse).
+        """
+        return HGate()  # self-inverse
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return isinstance(other, HGate)
+
+
+@with_controlled_gate_array(_H_ARRAY, num_ctrl_qubits=1)
+class CHGate(SingletonControlledGate):
+    r"""Controlled-Hadamard gate.
+
+    Applies a Hadamard on the target qubit if the control is
+    in the :math:`|1\rangle` state.
+
+    Can be applied to a :class:`~qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit`
+    with the :meth:`~qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit.ch` method.
+
+    **Circuit symbol:**
+
+    .. code-block:: text
+
+        q_0: ──■──
+             ┌─┴─┐
+        q_1: ┤ H ├
+             └───┘
+
+    **Matrix Representation:**
+
+    .. math::
+
+        CH\ q_0, q_1 =
+            I \otimes |0\rangle\langle 0| + H \otimes |1\rangle\langle 1| =
+            \begin{pmatrix}
+                1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
+                0 & \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} & 0 & \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \\
+                0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\
+                0 & \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} & 0 & -\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}
+            \end{pmatrix}
+
+    .. note::
+
+        In Qiskit's convention, higher qubit indices are more significant
+        (little endian convention). In many textbooks, controlled gates are
+        presented with the assumption of more significant qubits as control,
+        which in our case would be q_1. Thus a textbook matrix for this
+        gate will be:
+
+        .. code-block:: text
+
+                 ┌───┐
+            q_0: ┤ H ├
+                 └─┬─┘
+            q_1: ──■──
+
+        .. math::
+
+            CH\ q_1, q_0 =
+                |0\rangle\langle 0| \otimes I + |1\rangle\langle 1| \otimes H =
+                \begin{pmatrix}
+                    1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
+                    0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\
+                    0 & 0 & \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} & \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \\
+                    0 & 0 & \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} & -\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}
+                \end{pmatrix}
+    """
+
+    _standard_gate = StandardGate.CHGate
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        label: Optional[str] = None,
+        ctrl_state: Optional[Union[int, str]] = None,
+        *,
+        _base_label=None,
+    ):
+        """Create new CH gate."""
+        super().__init__(
+            "ch",
+            2,
+            [],
+            num_ctrl_qubits=1,
+            label=label,
+            ctrl_state=ctrl_state,
+            base_gate=HGate(label=_base_label),
+            _base_label=_base_label,
+        )
+
+    _singleton_lookup_key = stdlib_singleton_key(num_ctrl_qubits=1)
+
+    def _define(self):
+        """
+        gate ch a,b {
+            s b;
+            h b;
+            t b;
+            cx a, b;
+            tdg b;
+            h b;
+            sdg b;
+        }
+        """
+        # pylint: disable=cyclic-import
+        from qiskit.circuit import QuantumCircuit, QuantumRegister
+        from .x import CXGate  # pylint: disable=cyclic-import
+        from .t import TGate, TdgGate
+        from .s import SGate, SdgGate
+
+        q = QuantumRegister(2, "q")
+        qc = QuantumCircuit(q, name=self.name)
+        rules = [
+            (SGate(), [q[1]], []),
+            (HGate(), [q[1]], []),
+            (TGate(), [q[1]], []),
+            (CXGate(), [q[0], q[1]], []),
+            (TdgGate(), [q[1]], []),
+            (HGate(), [q[1]], []),
+            (SdgGate(), [q[1]], []),
+        ]
+        for instr, qargs, cargs in rules:
+            qc._append(instr, qargs, cargs)
+
+        self.definition = qc
+
+    def inverse(self, annotated: bool = False):
+        """Return inverted CH gate (itself)."""
+        return CHGate(ctrl_state=self.ctrl_state)  # self-inverse
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return isinstance(other, CHGate) and self.ctrl_state == other.ctrl_state

qiskit/circuit/library/standard_gates/i.py

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+# This code is part of Qiskit.
+#
+# (C) Copyright IBM 2017.
+#
+# This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may
+# obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory
+# of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.
+#
+# Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this
+# copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating
+# that they have been altered from the originals.
+
+"""Identity gate."""
+
+from typing import Optional
+from qiskit.circuit.singleton import SingletonGate, stdlib_singleton_key
+from qiskit.circuit._utils import with_gate_array
+from qiskit._accelerate.circuit import StandardGate
+
+
+@with_gate_array([[1, 0], [0, 1]])
+class IGate(SingletonGate):
+    r"""Identity gate.
+
+    Identity gate corresponds to a single-qubit gate wait cycle,
+    and should not be optimized or unrolled (it is an opaque gate).
+
+    Can be applied to a :class:`~qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit`
+    with the :meth:`~qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit.i` and
+    :meth:`~qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit.id` methods.
+
+    **Matrix Representation:**
+
+    .. math::
+
+        I = \begin{pmatrix}
+                1 & 0 \\
+                0 & 1
+            \end{pmatrix}
+
+    **Circuit symbol:**
+
+    .. code-block:: text
+
+             ┌───┐
+        q_0: ┤ I ├
+             └───┘
+    """
+
+    _standard_gate = StandardGate.IGate
+
+    def __init__(self, label: Optional[str] = None):
+        """Create new Identity gate."""
+        super().__init__("id", 1, [], label=label)
+
+    _singleton_lookup_key = stdlib_singleton_key()
+
+    def inverse(self, annotated: bool = False):
+        """Returne the inverse gate (itself).
+
+        Args:
+            annotated: when set to ``True``, this is typically used to return an
+                :class:`.AnnotatedOperation` with an inverse modifier set instead of a concrete
+                :class:`.Gate`. However, for this class this argument is ignored as this gate
+                is self-inverse.
+
+        Returns:
+            IGate: inverse gate (self-inverse).
+        ."""
+        return IGate()  # self-inverse
+
+    def power(self, exponent: float, annotated: bool = False):
+        return IGate()
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return isinstance(other, IGate)

qiskit/circuit/library/standard_gates/iswap.py

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+# This code is part of Qiskit.
+#
+# (C) Copyright IBM 2017, 2020.
+#
+# This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may
+# obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory
+# of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.
+#
+# Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this
+# copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating
+# that they have been altered from the originals.
+
+"""iSWAP gate."""
+
+from typing import Optional
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from qiskit.circuit.singleton import SingletonGate, stdlib_singleton_key
+from qiskit.circuit._utils import with_gate_array
+from qiskit._accelerate.circuit import StandardGate
+
+from .xx_plus_yy import XXPlusYYGate
+
+
+@with_gate_array([[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1j, 0], [0, 1j, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 1]])
+class iSwapGate(SingletonGate):
+    r"""iSWAP gate.
+
+    A 2-qubit XX+YY interaction.
+    This is a Clifford and symmetric gate. Its action is to swap two qubit
+    states and phase the :math:`|01\rangle` and :math:`|10\rangle`
+    amplitudes by i.
+
+    Can be applied to a :class:`~qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit`
+    with the :meth:`~qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit.iswap` method.
+
+    **Circuit Symbol:**
+
+    .. code-block:: text
+
+        q_0: ─⨂─
+              │
+        q_1: ─⨂─
+
+    **Reference Implementation:**
+
+    .. code-block:: text
+
+             ┌───┐┌───┐     ┌───┐
+        q_0: ┤ S ├┤ H ├──■──┤ X ├─────
+             ├───┤└───┘┌─┴─┐└─┬─┘┌───┐
+        q_1: ┤ S ├─────┤ X ├──■──┤ H ├
+             └───┘     └───┘     └───┘
+
+    **Matrix Representation:**
+
+    .. math::
+
+        iSWAP = R_{XX+YY}\left(-\frac{\pi}{2}\right)
+          = \exp\left(i \frac{\pi}{4} \left(X{\otimes}X+Y{\otimes}Y\right)\right) =
+            \begin{pmatrix}
+                1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
+                0 & 0 & i & 0 \\
+                0 & i & 0 & 0 \\
+                0 & 0 & 0 & 1
+            \end{pmatrix}
+
+    This gate is equivalent to a SWAP up to a diagonal.
+
+    .. math::
+
+         iSWAP =
+            \begin{pmatrix}
+                1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
+                0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\
+                0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\
+                0 & 0 & 0 & 1
+            \end{pmatrix}
+         .  \begin{pmatrix}
+                1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
+                0 & i & 0 & 0 \\
+                0 & 0 & i & 0 \\
+                0 & 0 & 0 & 1
+            \end{pmatrix}
+    """
+
+    _standard_gate = StandardGate.ISwapGate
+
+    def __init__(self, label: Optional[str] = None):
+        """Create new iSwap gate."""
+        super().__init__("iswap", 2, [], label=label)
+
+    _singleton_lookup_key = stdlib_singleton_key()
+
+    def _define(self):
+        """
+        gate iswap a,b {
+            s q[0];
+            s q[1];
+            h q[0];
+            cx q[0],q[1];
+            cx q[1],q[0];
+            h q[1];
+        }
+        """
+        # pylint: disable=cyclic-import
+        from qiskit.circuit import QuantumCircuit, QuantumRegister
+
+        from .h import HGate
+        from .s import SGate
+        from .x import CXGate
+
+        q = QuantumRegister(2, "q")
+        qc = QuantumCircuit(q, name=self.name)
+        rules = [
+            (SGate(), [q[0]], []),
+            (SGate(), [q[1]], []),
+            (HGate(), [q[0]], []),
+            (CXGate(), [q[0], q[1]], []),
+            (CXGate(), [q[1], q[0]], []),
+            (HGate(), [q[1]], []),
+        ]
+        for instr, qargs, cargs in rules:
+            qc._append(instr, qargs, cargs)
+
+        self.definition = qc
+
+    def power(self, exponent: float, annotated: bool = False):
+        return XXPlusYYGate(-np.pi * exponent)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return isinstance(other, iSwapGate)