ngsolve 6.2.2506.post74.dev0__cp314-cp314-macosx_10_15_universal2.whl

netgen/include/kernels.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,762 @@
+#ifndef KERNELS_hpp
+#define KERNELS_hpp
+
+#include "mptools.hpp"
+#include <type_traits>
+
+
+//  ****************************  The kernels **********************************
+
+namespace ngsbem
+{
+
+  struct KernelTerm
+  {
+    double fac;
+    size_t kernel_comp;
+    size_t trial_comp;
+    size_t test_comp;
+  };
+  
+
+  class BaseKernel
+  {
+  public:
+    shared_ptr<SingularMLExpansion<Complex>> CreateMultipoleExpansion (Vec<3> c, double r) const
+    {
+      throw Exception("Create Multipole Expansion not implemented");
+    }
+
+    shared_ptr<RegularMLExpansion<Complex>> CreateLocalExpansion (Vec<3> c, double r) const
+    {
+      throw Exception("Create Local Expansion not implemented");      
+    }
+
+    template <typename TV>
+    void AddSource (SingularMLExpansion<Complex> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, const TV & val) const
+    {
+      throw Exception("Addsource not implemented");            
+    }
+
+    template <typename entry, typename TV>
+    void AddSourceTrans(SingularMLExpansion<entry> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, const TV & val) const
+    {
+      throw Exception("AddSourceTrans not implemented");
+    }
+
+    template <typename TV>
+    void EvaluateMP (RegularMLExpansion<Complex> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, const TV & val) const
+    {
+      throw Exception("Evaluate not implemented");            
+    }
+
+    template <typename entry, typename TV>
+    void EvaluateMPTrans(RegularMLExpansion<entry> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, const TV & val) const
+    {
+      throw Exception("EvaluateMPTrans not implemented");
+    }
+  };
+
+
+
+  
+  
+  /** LaplaceSLkernel is the kernel for the single layer potential of 
+      the Laplace equation $ \Delta u = 0 \,.$  */
+  template <int DIM, int COMPS=1> class LaplaceSLKernel;
+
+  /** LaplaceSLkernel in 3D reads 
+      $$ G(x-y) = \frac{1}{4\,\pi \, | x-y| }, \quad x, y \in \mathbb R^3, \; x\not=y\,. $$ */
+  template<int COMPS>
+  class LaplaceSLKernel<3, COMPS> : public BaseKernel
+  {
+  public:
+    LaplaceSLKernel<3,COMPS>()
+    {
+      for (size_t i = 0; i < COMPS; i++)
+        terms += {1.0, 0, i, i};
+    };
+    typedef double value_type;
+    using mp_type = typename std::conditional<COMPS == 1,
+                                              Complex,
+                                              Vec<COMPS, Complex>>::type;
+
+    static string Name() { return "LaplaceSL"; }
+    static auto Shape() { return IVec<2>(COMPS,COMPS); }
+    
+    template <typename T>        
+    auto Evaluate (Vec<3,T> x, Vec<3,T> y, Vec<3,T> nx, Vec<3,T> ny) const
+    {
+      T norm = L2Norm(x-y);
+      // return 1.0 / (4 * M_PI * norm);   
+      return Vec<1,T> (1.0 / (4 * M_PI * norm));
+    }
+    
+    Array<KernelTerm> terms;
+    
+    auto CreateMultipoleExpansion (Vec<3> c, double r, FMM_Parameters fmm_params) const
+    {
+      return make_shared<SingularMLExpansion<mp_type>> (c, r, 1e-16, fmm_params);
+    }
+
+    auto CreateLocalExpansion (Vec<3> c, double r, FMM_Parameters fmm_params) const
+    {
+      return make_shared<RegularMLExpansion<mp_type>> (c, r, 1e-16, fmm_params);
+    }
+
+    void AddSource (SingularMLExpansion<mp_type> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<double> val) const
+    {
+      if constexpr (COMPS == 1)
+        mp.AddCharge (pnt, val(0));
+      else
+        mp.AddCharge (pnt, val);
+    }
+
+    void EvaluateMP (RegularMLExpansion<mp_type> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<double> val) const
+    {
+      if constexpr (COMPS == 1)
+        val(0) = Real(mp.Evaluate (pnt));
+      else
+        val = Real(mp.Evaluate (pnt));
+    }
+  };
+
+
+  /** LaplaceDLkernel is the kernel for the double layer potential of 
+      the Laplace equation $ \Delta u = 0 \,.$  */
+  template <int DIM, int COMPS=1> class LaplaceDLKernel;
+
+  /** LaplaceDLkernel in 3D reads 
+      $$ \frac{\partial }{ \partial n_y} G(x-y) = \frac{1}{4\,\pi} \, 
+          \frac{ \langle n(y), x-y\rangle }{ | x-y|^3 }, 
+          \quad x, y \in \mathbb R^3, \; x\not=y\,. $$ */
+  template<int COMPS>
+  class LaplaceDLKernel<3, COMPS> : public BaseKernel
+  {
+  public:
+    LaplaceDLKernel<3,COMPS>()
+    {
+      for (size_t i = 0; i < COMPS; i++)
+        terms += {1.0, 0, i, i};
+    };
+    typedef double value_type;
+    using mp_type = typename std::conditional<COMPS == 1,
+                                                  Complex,
+                                                  Vec<COMPS, Complex>>::type;
+    static string Name() { return "LaplaceDL"; }
+    static auto Shape() { return IVec<2>(COMPS,COMPS); }
+    
+    template <typename T>
+    auto Evaluate (Vec<3,T> x, Vec<3,T> y, Vec<3,T> nx, Vec<3,T> ny) const
+    {
+      T norm = L2Norm(x-y);
+      T nxy = InnerProduct(ny, (x-y));
+      // return nxy / (4 * M_PI * norm*norm*norm);
+      return Vec<1,T> (nxy / (4 * M_PI * norm*norm*norm));
+    }
+
+    Array<KernelTerm> terms;
+
+    auto CreateMultipoleExpansion (Vec<3> c, double r, FMM_Parameters fmm_params) const
+    {
+      return make_shared<SingularMLExpansion<mp_type>> (c, r, 1e-16, fmm_params);
+    }
+
+    auto CreateLocalExpansion (Vec<3> c, double r, FMM_Parameters fmm_params) const
+    {
+      return make_shared<RegularMLExpansion<mp_type>> (c, r, 1e-16, fmm_params);
+    }
+
+    void AddSource (SingularMLExpansion<mp_type> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<double> val) const
+    {
+      if constexpr (COMPS == 1)
+        mp.AddDipole(pnt, -nv, val(0));
+      else
+        mp.AddDipole(pnt, -nv, val);
+    }
+
+    void AddSourceTrans(SingularMLExpansion<mp_type> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<double> val) const
+    {
+      if constexpr (COMPS == 1)
+        mp.AddCharge (pnt, val(0));
+      else
+        mp.AddCharge (pnt, val);
+    }
+
+    void EvaluateMP (RegularMLExpansion<mp_type> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<double> val) const
+    {
+      if constexpr (COMPS == 1)
+        val(0) = Real(mp.Evaluate (pnt));
+      else
+        val = Real(mp.Evaluate (pnt));
+    }
+
+    void EvaluateMPTrans(RegularMLExpansion<mp_type> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<double> val) const
+    {
+      if constexpr (COMPS == 1)
+        val(0) = Real(mp.EvaluateDirectionalDerivative(pnt, nv));
+      else
+        val = Real(mp.EvaluateDirectionalDerivative(pnt, nv));
+    }
+  };
+
+
+  /** HelmholtzSLkernel is the kernel for the double layer potential of the 
+      Helmholtz equation $ -\Delta u - \kappa^2 u = 0, \; \kappa>0\,. $ */
+  template <int DIM> class HelmholtzSLKernel;
+
+  /** HelmholtzSLkernel in 3D reads 
+      $$ G(x-y) = \frac{1 }{4\,\pi} \,\frac{e^{i\,\kappa \, |x-y| }{|x-y|} \, 
+          \quad x, y \in \mathbb R^3, \; x\not=y\,. $$ */
+  template<>
+  class HelmholtzSLKernel<3> : public BaseKernel
+  {
+    double kappa;
+  public:
+    typedef Complex value_type;
+    static string Name() { return "HelmholtzSL"; }
+    static auto Shape() { return IVec<2>(1,1); }
+    
+    /** Construction of the kernel specifies the wavenumber $\kappa$. */
+    HelmholtzSLKernel (double _kappa) : kappa(_kappa) { }
+
+    template <typename T>
+    auto Evaluate (Vec<3,T> x, Vec<3,T> y, Vec<3,T> nx, Vec<3,T> ny) const
+    {
+      T norm = L2Norm(x-y);
+      auto kern = exp(Complex(0,kappa)*norm) / (4 * M_PI * norm);
+      // return kern;
+      return Vec<1,decltype(kern)> (kern);
+    }
+    double GetKappa() const { return kappa; }
+    Array<KernelTerm> terms = { KernelTerm{1.0, 0, 0, 0}, };    
+
+    auto CreateMultipoleExpansion (Vec<3> c, double r, FMM_Parameters fmm_params) const
+    {
+      return make_shared<SingularMLExpansion<Complex>> (c, r, kappa, fmm_params);
+    }
+
+    auto CreateLocalExpansion (Vec<3> c, double r, FMM_Parameters fmm_params) const
+    {
+      return make_shared<RegularMLExpansion<Complex>> (c, r, kappa, fmm_params);
+    }
+
+    void AddSource (SingularMLExpansion<Complex> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<Complex> val) const
+    {
+      mp.AddCharge(pnt, val(0));
+    }
+
+    void EvaluateMP (RegularMLExpansion<Complex> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<Complex> val) const
+    {
+      val(0) = mp.Evaluate (pnt);
+    }
+  };
+
+
+  /** HelmholtzDLkernel is the kernel for the double layer potential of 
+      the Helmholtz equation $ -\Delta u - \kappa^2 u = 0, \; \kappa>0\,.$ */
+  template <int DIM> class HelmholtzDLKernel;
+
+  /** HelmholtzDLkernel in 3D reads
+      $$ \frac{\partial }{ \partial n_y} G(x-y) = \frac{1}{4\,\pi} \, \frac{e^{i\,\kappa\,|x-y|}}{|x-y|^3} \, 
+          \langle n(y), x-y\rangle \cdot \left( 1 - i\,\kappa\, | x-y| \right), 
+          \quad x, y \in \mathbb R^3, \; x\not=y\,. $$ */
+  template<>
+  class HelmholtzDLKernel<3> : public BaseKernel
+  {
+    double kappa;
+  public:
+    typedef Complex value_type;
+    static string Name() { return "HelmholtzDL"; }
+    static auto Shape() { return IVec<2>(1,1); }
+    
+    HelmholtzDLKernel (double _kappa) : kappa(_kappa) { }
+
+    template <typename T>    
+    auto Evaluate (Vec<3,T> x, Vec<3,T> y, Vec<3,T> nx, Vec<3,T> ny) const
+    {
+      T norm = L2Norm(x-y);
+      T nxy = InnerProduct(ny, (x-y));
+      auto kern = exp(Complex(0,kappa)*norm) / (4 * M_PI * norm*norm*norm)
+        * nxy * (Complex(1,0)*T(1.) - Complex(0,kappa)*norm);
+      // return kern;
+      return Vec<1,decltype(kern)> (kern);
+    }
+    double GetKappa() const { return kappa; }
+    Array<KernelTerm> terms = { KernelTerm{1.0, 0, 0, 0}, };    
+
+    auto CreateMultipoleExpansion (Vec<3> c, double r, FMM_Parameters fmm_params) const
+    {
+      return make_shared<SingularMLExpansion<Complex>> (c, r, kappa, fmm_params);
+    }
+
+    auto CreateLocalExpansion (Vec<3> c, double r, FMM_Parameters fmm_params) const
+    {
+      return make_shared<RegularMLExpansion<Complex>> (c, r, kappa, fmm_params);
+    }
+
+    void AddSource (SingularMLExpansion<Complex> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<Complex> val) const
+    {
+      mp.AddDipole(pnt, -nv, val(0));
+    }
+
+    void AddSourceTrans(SingularMLExpansion<Complex> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<Complex> val) const
+    {
+      mp.AddCharge(pnt, val(0));
+    }
+
+    void EvaluateMP (RegularMLExpansion<Complex> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<Complex> val) const
+    {
+      val(0) = mp.Evaluate (pnt);
+    }
+
+    void EvaluateMPTrans(RegularMLExpansion<Complex> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<Complex> val) const
+    {
+      val(0) = mp.EvaluateDirectionalDerivative(pnt, nv);
+    }
+  };
+
+
+  template <int DIM> class HelmholtzSLVecKernel;
+
+  template<>
+  class HelmholtzSLVecKernel<3> : public BaseKernel
+  {
+    double kappa;
+  public:
+    typedef Complex value_type;
+    static string Name() { return "HelmholtzSLVec"; }
+    static auto Shape() { return IVec<2>(3,3); }
+
+    HelmholtzSLVecKernel (double _kappa) : kappa(_kappa) { }
+
+    template <typename T>
+    auto Evaluate (Vec<3,T> x, Vec<3,T> y, Vec<3,T> nx, Vec<3,T> ny) const
+    {
+      T norm = L2Norm(x-y);
+      auto kern = exp(Complex(0,kappa)*norm) / (4 * M_PI * norm);
+      return Vec<1,decltype(kern)> (kern);
+    }
+    double GetKappa() const { return kappa; }
+    Array<KernelTerm> terms =
+      {
+        KernelTerm{1.0, 0, 0, 0},
+        KernelTerm{1.0, 0, 1, 1},
+        KernelTerm{1.0, 0, 2, 2},
+      };
+
+    auto CreateMultipoleExpansion (Vec<3> c, double r, FMM_Parameters fmm_params) const
+    {
+      return make_shared<SingularMLExpansion<Vec<3,Complex>>> (c, r, kappa, fmm_params);
+    }
+
+    auto CreateLocalExpansion (Vec<3> c, double r, FMM_Parameters fmm_params) const
+    {
+      return make_shared<RegularMLExpansion<Vec<3,Complex>>> (c, r, kappa, fmm_params);
+    }
+
+    void AddSource (SingularMLExpansion<Vec<3,Complex>> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<Complex> val) const
+    {
+      mp.AddCharge(pnt, val);
+    }
+
+    void EvaluateMP (RegularMLExpansion<Vec<3,Complex>> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<Complex> val) const
+    {
+      val = mp.Evaluate (pnt);
+    }
+  };
+
+
+  template <int DIM> class HelmholtzHSKernel;
+  
+  template<>
+  class HelmholtzHSKernel<3> : public BaseKernel
+  {
+    double kappa;
+  public:
+    typedef Complex value_type;
+    static string Name() { return "HelmholtzHS"; }
+    static auto Shape() { return IVec<2>(4,4); }
+    
+    HelmholtzHSKernel (double _kappa) : kappa(_kappa) { }
+    template <typename T>        
+    auto Evaluate (Vec<3,T> x, Vec<3,T> y, Vec<3,T> nx, Vec<3,T> ny) const
+    {
+      T norm = L2Norm(x-y);
+      T nxny = InnerProduct(nx, ny);
+      auto kern = exp(Complex(0,kappa)*norm) / (4 * M_PI * norm);
+      auto kernnxny = -kappa * kappa * kern * nxny;
+      // return kern;
+      return Vec<2,decltype(kern)> ({kern, kernnxny});
+    }
+    double GetKappa() const { return kappa; }
+    Array<KernelTerm> terms =
+      {
+        KernelTerm{1.0, 0, 0, 0},
+        KernelTerm{1.0, 0, 1, 1},
+        KernelTerm{1.0, 0, 2, 2},
+	KernelTerm{1.0, 1, 3, 3},
+      };
+
+    auto CreateMultipoleExpansion (Vec<3> c, double r, FMM_Parameters fmm_params) const
+    {
+      return make_shared<SingularMLExpansion<Vec<6,Complex>>> (c, r, kappa, fmm_params);
+    }
+ 
+    auto CreateLocalExpansion (Vec<3> c, double r, FMM_Parameters fmm_params) const
+    {
+      return make_shared<RegularMLExpansion<Vec<6,Complex>>> (c, r, kappa, fmm_params);
+    }
+
+    void AddSource (SingularMLExpansion<Vec<6,Complex>> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<Complex> val) const
+    {
+      Vec<6,Complex> charge;
+      charge.Range(0,3) = val.Range(0,3);
+      charge.Range(3,6) = -kappa * kappa * val(3) * nv;
+      mp.AddCharge(pnt, charge);
+    }
+
+    void EvaluateMP (RegularMLExpansion<Vec<6,Complex>> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<Complex> val) const
+    {
+      Vec<6,Complex> eval = mp.Evaluate (pnt);
+      val.Range(0,3) = eval.Range(0,3);
+      val(3) = InnerProduct(eval.Range(3,6), nv);
+    }
+  };
+
+
+
+
+  
+
+  /** CombinedFieldKernel is a kernel for the combined field integral equation 
+      is considered for the Helmholtz equation. */
+  template <int DIM> class CombinedFieldKernel;
+
+  /** CombinedFieldKernel in 3D reads
+      $$ G(x-y) = \frac{1}{4\,\pi} \, \frac{e^{i\,\kappa\,|x-y|}}{|x-y|^3} \, 
+          \left( \langle n_y, x-y\rangle (1- i\,\kappa\, | x-y|) - i\,\kappa\,|x-y|^2 \right), 
+          \quad x, y \in \mathbb R^3, \; x\not=y\,. $$ */
+  template<>
+  class CombinedFieldKernel<3> : public BaseKernel
+  {
+    double kappa;
+  public:
+    typedef Complex value_type;
+    static string Name() { return "Helmholtz Combined Field"; }
+    static auto Shape() { return IVec<2>(1,1); }
+    
+    CombinedFieldKernel (double _kappa) : kappa(_kappa) { }
+
+    template <typename T>    
+    auto Evaluate (Vec<3,T> x, Vec<3,T> y, Vec<3,T> nx, Vec<3,T> ny) const
+    {
+      T norm = L2Norm(x-y);
+      T nxy = InnerProduct(ny, (x-y));
+      auto kern = exp(Complex(0,kappa)*norm) / (4 * M_PI * norm*norm*norm)
+        * ( nxy * (Complex(1,0)*T(1.) - Complex(0,kappa)*norm)  - Complex(0,kappa)*norm*norm);
+      // return kern;
+      return Vec<1,decltype(kern)> (kern);
+    }
+    double GetKappa() const { return kappa; }
+    Array<KernelTerm> terms = { KernelTerm{1.0, 0, 0, 0}, };    
+
+    auto CreateMultipoleExpansion (Vec<3> c, double r, FMM_Parameters fmm_params) const
+    {
+      return make_shared<SingularMLExpansion<Complex>> (c, r, kappa, fmm_params);
+    }
+
+    auto CreateLocalExpansion (Vec<3> c, double r, FMM_Parameters fmm_params) const
+    {
+      return make_shared<RegularMLExpansion<Complex>> (c, r, kappa, fmm_params);
+    }
+
+    void AddSource (SingularMLExpansion<Complex> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<Complex> val) const
+    {
+      // mp.AddCharge(pnt, Complex(0, -kappa)*val(0));
+      // mp.AddDipole(pnt, -nv, val(0));
+
+      mp.AddChargeDipole (pnt, Complex(0, -kappa)*val(0), -nv, val(0));
+    }
+
+    void EvaluateMP (RegularMLExpansion<Complex> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<Complex> val) const
+    {
+      val(0) = mp.Evaluate (pnt);
+    }
+  };
+
+  
+
+  
+
+  template <int D> class MaxwellSLKernel;
+
+  template<>
+  class MaxwellSLKernel<3> : public BaseKernel
+  {
+    double kappa;
+  public:
+    typedef Complex value_type;
+    static string Name() { return "MaxwellSL"; }
+    static auto Shape() { return IVec<2>(4,4); }
+    
+    MaxwellSLKernel (const MaxwellSLKernel&) = default;
+    MaxwellSLKernel (MaxwellSLKernel&&) = default;
+    MaxwellSLKernel (double _kappa) : kappa(_kappa)
+    {
+      for (size_t i = 0; i < 3; i++)
+        terms += KernelTerm { kappa, 0, i, i };
+      terms += KernelTerm { -1.0/kappa, 0, 3, 3 };      
+    }
+    
+    template <typename T>    
+    auto Evaluate (Vec<3,T> x, Vec<3,T> y, Vec<3,T> nx, Vec<3,T> ny) const
+    {
+      T norm = L2Norm(x-y);
+      auto kern = exp(Complex(0,kappa)*norm) / (4 * M_PI * norm);
+      return Vec<1,decltype(kern)> (kern);
+    }
+    double GetKappa() const { return kappa; }
+    Array<KernelTerm> terms;
+
+    auto CreateMultipoleExpansion (Vec<3> c, double r, FMM_Parameters fmm_params) const
+    {
+      return make_shared<SingularMLExpansion<Vec<4,Complex>>> (c, r, kappa, fmm_params);
+    }
+
+    auto CreateLocalExpansion (Vec<3> c, double r, FMM_Parameters fmm_params) const
+    {
+      return make_shared<RegularMLExpansion<Vec<4,Complex>>> (c, r, kappa, fmm_params);
+    }
+
+    void AddSource (SingularMLExpansion<Vec<4,Complex>> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<Complex> val) const
+    {
+      Vec<4,Complex> charge;
+      charge.Range(0,3) = kappa * val.Range(0, 3);
+      charge(3) = -1.0/kappa * val(3);
+      mp.AddCharge(pnt, charge);
+    }
+
+    void EvaluateMP (RegularMLExpansion<Vec<4,Complex>> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<Complex> val) const
+    {
+      val = mp.Evaluate (pnt);
+    }
+  };
+
+
+
+
+  
+
+  template <int D> class MaxwellDLKernel;
+
+  // https://weggler.github.io/ngbem/short_and_sweet/Maxwell_Formulations.html
+  /** MaxwellDLkernel for 3D in matrix representation reads
+      $$  \left( \begin{array}{ccc} 0 & -\frac{\partial G_\kappa(x-y)}{\partial x_3} & \frac{\partial G_\kappa(x-y)}{\partial x_2} \\ \frac{\partial G_\kappa(x-y)}{\partial x_3} & 0 & -\frac{\partial G_\kappa(x-y)}{\partial x_1} \\ -\frac{\partial G_\kappa(x-y)}{\partial x_2} & \frac{\partial G_\kappa(x-y)}{\partial x_1} & 0 \end{array}\right)\,,$$ with 
+   $$ G_\kappa(x-y) = \frac{1}{4\,\pi} \, \frac{e^{i\,\kappa\,|x-y|}}{|x-y|^3} \, 
+          \langle n(y), x-y\rangle \cdot \left( 1 - i\,\kappa\, | x-y| \right), 
+          \quad x, y \in \mathbb R^3, \; x\not=y\,. $$ */
+  template<>
+  class MaxwellDLKernel<3> : public BaseKernel
+  {
+    double kappa;
+  public:
+    typedef Complex value_type;
+    static string Name() { return "MaxwellDL"; }
+    static auto Shape() { return IVec<2>(3,3); }
+    
+    MaxwellDLKernel (double _kappa) : kappa(_kappa) { }
+    
+    template <typename T>    
+    auto Evaluate (Vec<3,T> x, Vec<3,T> y, Vec<3,T> nx, Vec<3,T> ny) const
+    {
+      T norm = L2Norm(x-y);
+      auto kern = exp(Complex(0,kappa)*norm) / (4 * M_PI * norm*norm*norm)
+        * (Complex(0,kappa)*norm - Complex(1,0)*T(1.)) * (x-y);
+      return kern;
+    }
+    double GetKappa() const { return kappa; }
+    Array<KernelTerm> terms =
+      {
+        KernelTerm{ 1.0, 0, 1, 2},  // factor, comp, trial, test
+        KernelTerm{-1.0, 0, 2, 1},
+        KernelTerm{ 1.0, 1, 2, 0},
+        KernelTerm{-1.0, 1, 0, 2},
+        KernelTerm{ 1.0, 2, 0, 1},
+        KernelTerm{-1.0, 2, 1, 0},
+      };    
+
+    auto CreateMultipoleExpansion (Vec<3> c, double r, FMM_Parameters fmm_params) const
+    {
+      return make_shared<SingularMLExpansion<Vec<3,Complex>>> (c, r, kappa, fmm_params);
+    }
+
+    auto CreateLocalExpansion (Vec<3> c, double r, FMM_Parameters fmm_params) const
+    {
+      return make_shared<RegularMLExpansion<Vec<3,Complex>>> (c, r, kappa, fmm_params);
+    }
+
+    void AddSource (SingularMLExpansion<Vec<3,Complex>> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<Complex> val) const
+    {
+      Vec<3,Complex> n_cross_m = val.Range(0, 3);
+      for (int k = 0; k < 3; k++)
+      {
+        Vec<3> ek{0.0}; ek(k) = 1;
+        Vec<3> n_cross_m_real = Real(n_cross_m);
+        Vec<3> n_cross_m_imag = Imag(n_cross_m);
+        mp.AddDipole(pnt, Cross(n_cross_m_real, ek), ek);
+        mp.AddDipole(pnt, Cross(n_cross_m_imag, ek), Complex(0,1)*ek);
+      }
+    }
+
+    void AddSourceTrans(SingularMLExpansion<Vec<3,Complex>> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<Complex> val) const
+    {
+      Vec<3,Complex> n_cross_m = val.Range(0, 3);
+      for (int k = 0; k < 3; k++)
+      {
+        Vec<3> ek{0.0}; ek(k) = 1;
+        Vec<3> n_cross_m_real = Real(n_cross_m);
+        Vec<3> n_cross_m_imag = Imag(n_cross_m);
+        mp.AddDipole(pnt, Cross(n_cross_m_real, ek), ek);
+        mp.AddDipole(pnt, Cross(n_cross_m_imag, ek), Complex(0,1)*ek);
+      }
+    }
+
+    void EvaluateMP (RegularMLExpansion<Vec<3,Complex>> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<Complex> val) const
+    {
+      val = mp.Evaluate (pnt);
+    }
+
+    void EvaluateMPTrans(RegularMLExpansion<Vec<3,Complex>> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<Complex> val) const
+    {
+      val = mp.Evaluate (pnt);
+    }
+  };
+
+
+
+
+
+  /*
+    Dissertation Guenther Of
+    "BETI–Gebietszerlegungsmethoden
+    mit schnellen Randelementverfahren
+    und Anwendungen"
+    page 85
+   */
+
+  template <int D> class LameSLKernel;
+
+  template<>
+  class LameSLKernel<3> : public BaseKernel
+  {
+    double E, nu;
+    double alpha;
+  public:
+    typedef double value_type;
+    
+    static string Name() { return "LameSL"; }
+    static auto Shape() { return IVec<2>(3,3); }
+    
+    LameSLKernel (const LameSLKernel&) = default;
+    LameSLKernel (LameSLKernel&&) = default;
+    LameSLKernel (double _E, double _nu) : E(_E), nu(_nu)
+    {
+      alpha = (1+nu)/((1-nu)*2*E);
+
+      terms += { 3-4*nu, 0, 0, 0 };
+      terms += { 3-4*nu, 0, 1, 1 };
+      terms += { 3-4*nu, 0, 2, 2 };
+
+      terms += { 1, 1, 0, 0 };
+      terms += { 1, 2, 0, 1 };
+      terms += { 1, 2, 1, 0 };
+
+      terms += { 1, 3, 0, 2 };
+      terms += { 1, 3, 2, 0 };
+      terms += { 1, 4, 1, 1 };
+
+      terms += { 1, 5, 1, 2 };
+      terms += { 1, 5, 2, 1 };
+      terms += { 1, 6, 2, 2 };
+    }
+
+    Array<KernelTerm> terms;
+
+    template <typename T>    
+    auto Evaluate (Vec<3,T> x, Vec<3,T> y, Vec<3,T> nx, Vec<3,T> ny) const
+    {
+      T norm = L2Norm(x-y);
+      auto lapkern = alpha / (4 * M_PI * norm);  // lapkern times factor
+
+      return Vec<7,T> { lapkern,
+                        (x(0)-y(0))*(x(0)-y(0))/sqr(norm) * lapkern,
+                        (x(0)-y(0))*(x(1)-y(1))/sqr(norm) * lapkern,
+                        (x(0)-y(0))*(x(2)-y(2))/sqr(norm) * lapkern,
+                        (x(1)-y(1))*(x(1)-y(1))/sqr(norm) * lapkern,
+                        (x(1)-y(1))*(x(2)-y(2))/sqr(norm) * lapkern,
+                        (x(2)-y(2))*(x(2)-y(2))/sqr(norm) * lapkern
+      };
+    }
+
+    
+    auto CreateMultipoleExpansion (Vec<3> c, double r, FMM_Parameters fmm_params) const
+    {
+      return make_shared<SingularMLExpansion<Vec<6,Complex>>> (c, r, 1e-16, fmm_params);
+    }
+
+    auto CreateLocalExpansion (Vec<3> c, double r, FMM_Parameters fmm_params) const
+    {
+      return make_shared<RegularMLExpansion<Vec<6,Complex>>> (c, r, 1e-16, fmm_params);
+    }
+
+    
+    void AddSource (SingularMLExpansion<Vec<6,Complex>> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<double> val) const
+    {
+      Vec<6> charge = 0.0;
+      charge.Range(0,3) = val;
+      mp.AddCharge(pnt, charge);   // Row 1+2
+
+      Mat<3,3> jacobi = OuterProduct(pnt, val) + InnerProduct(pnt, val) * Id<3>();
+
+      for (int k = 0; k < 3; k++)
+        {
+          Vec<6> dipole_charge = 0.0; 
+          dipole_charge.Range(3,6) = jacobi.Col(k);
+          
+          auto ek = UnitVec<3>(k);          
+          mp.AddDipole(pnt, -ek, dipole_charge);          
+        }
+    }
+
+    void EvaluateMP (RegularMLExpansion<Vec<6,Complex>> & mp, Vec<3> pnt, Vec<3> nv, BareSliceVector<double> val) const
+    {
+      Vec<6> mpval = Real(mp.Evaluate (pnt));
+      val.Range(0,3) = 0;
+      val += (3-4*nu)*alpha * mpval.Range(0,3);  // Row 1
+      
+      val -= alpha/2 * mpval.Range(3,6);        // Row 3
+
+      // Row 2
+      Mat<3,3> jacobi = 0.0; 
+      for (int k = 0; k < 3; k++)    
+        {
+          auto ek = UnitVec<3>(k);
+          jacobi.Col(k) = Real(mp.EvaluateDirectionalDerivative(pnt, ek).Range(0,3));
+        }
+
+      val -= alpha/2 * ( Trans(jacobi) * pnt + Trace(jacobi) * pnt);
+    }
+  };
+
+
+
+
+
+  
+
+}
+
+
+#endif
+