multipers 2.3.3b6__cp312-cp312-macosx_10_13_x86_64.whl

multipers/gudhi/gudhi/Simplex_tree/Simplex_tree_node_explicit_storage.h

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+/*    This file is part of the Gudhi Library - https://gudhi.inria.fr/ - which is released under MIT.
+ *    See file LICENSE or go to https://gudhi.inria.fr/licensing/ for full license details.
+ *    Author(s):       Clément Maria
+ *
+ *    Copyright (C) 2014 Inria
+ *
+ *    Modification(s):
+ *      - YYYY/MM Author: Description of the modification
+ */
+
+#ifndef SIMPLEX_TREE_SIMPLEX_TREE_NODE_EXPLICIT_STORAGE_H_
+#define SIMPLEX_TREE_SIMPLEX_TREE_NODE_EXPLICIT_STORAGE_H_
+
+// Empty base optimization for MSVC - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/cpp/empty-bases
+#if _MSC_VER
+ #define GUDHI_EMPTY_BASE_CLASS_OPTIMIZATION __declspec(empty_bases)
+#else
+ #define GUDHI_EMPTY_BASE_CLASS_OPTIMIZATION
+#endif
+
+#include <boost/core/empty_value.hpp>
+
+namespace Gudhi {
+
+/** \addtogroup simplex_tree
+ * Represents a node of a Simplex_tree.
+ * @{
+ */
+
+/** \brief Node of a simplex tree with filtration value
+ * and simplex key.
+ *
+ * It stores explicitly its own filtration value and its own Simplex_key.
+ */
+template <class SimplexTree>
+struct GUDHI_EMPTY_BASE_CLASS_OPTIMIZATION Simplex_tree_node_explicit_storage
+    : SimplexTree::Filtration_simplex_base,
+      SimplexTree::Key_simplex_base,
+      SimplexTree::Hooks_simplex_base,
+      boost::empty_value<typename SimplexTree::Simplex_data> {
+  typedef typename SimplexTree::Siblings Siblings;
+  typedef typename SimplexTree::Filtration_value Filtration_value;
+  typedef typename SimplexTree::Simplex_key Simplex_key;
+  typedef typename SimplexTree::Simplex_data Simplex_data;
+
+  // Simplex_tree_node_explicit_storage() : children_(nullptr) {}
+
+  // Simplex_tree_node_explicit_storage(Siblings* sib, const Filtration_value& filtration) : children_(sib)
+  // {
+  //   this->assign_filtration(filtration);
+  // }
+  Simplex_tree_node_explicit_storage(Siblings* sib = nullptr, const Filtration_value& filtration = Filtration_value())
+      : SimplexTree::Filtration_simplex_base(filtration), children_(sib)
+  {}
+
+  //will fail to compile when called with SimplexTree::Options::store_key is false.
+  Simplex_tree_node_explicit_storage(Siblings* sib, Filtration_value filtration, Simplex_key key)
+      : SimplexTree::Filtration_simplex_base(filtration), SimplexTree::Key_simplex_base(key), children_(sib)
+  {}
+
+  /*
+   * Assign children to the node
+   */
+  void assign_children(Siblings * children) {
+    children_ = children;
+  }
+
+  /* Careful -> children_ can be NULL*/
+  Siblings * children() {
+    return children_;
+  }
+
+  Simplex_data& data() { return boost::empty_value<Simplex_data>::get(); }
+
+ private:
+  Siblings * children_;
+};
+
+/** @}*/  // end addtogroup simplex_tree
+
+}  // namespace Gudhi
+
+#endif  // SIMPLEX_TREE_SIMPLEX_TREE_NODE_EXPLICIT_STORAGE_H_

multipers/gudhi/gudhi/Simplex_tree/Simplex_tree_siblings.h

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+/*    This file is part of the Gudhi Library - https://gudhi.inria.fr/ - which is released under MIT.
+ *    See file LICENSE or go to https://gudhi.inria.fr/licensing/ for full license details.
+ *    Author(s):       Clément Maria
+ *
+ *    Copyright (C) 2014 Inria
+ *
+ *    Modification(s):
+ *      - YYYY/MM Author: Description of the modification
+ */
+
+#ifndef SIMPLEX_TREE_SIMPLEX_TREE_SIBLINGS_H_
+#define SIMPLEX_TREE_SIMPLEX_TREE_SIBLINGS_H_
+
+#include <gudhi/Simplex_tree/simplex_tree_options.h>
+#include <gudhi/Simplex_tree/Simplex_tree_node_explicit_storage.h>
+
+#include <boost/container/flat_map.hpp>
+
+namespace Gudhi {
+
+/** \addtogroup simplex_tree
+ * Represents a set of node of a Simplex_tree that share the same parent.
+ * @{
+ */
+
+/** \brief Data structure to store a set of nodes in a SimplexTree sharing
+ * the same parent node.*/
+template<class SimplexTree, class MapContainer>
+class Simplex_tree_siblings {
+// private:
+//  friend SimplexTree;
+ public:
+  template<class T> friend class Simplex_tree_simplex_vertex_iterator;
+  template<class T> friend class Simplex_tree_boundary_simplex_iterator;
+  template<class T> friend class Simplex_tree_complex_simplex_iterator;
+  template<class T> friend class Simplex_tree_skeleton_simplex_iterator;
+  template<class T> friend class Simplex_tree_boundary_opposite_vertex_simplex_iterator;
+
+  typedef typename SimplexTree::Vertex_handle Vertex_handle;
+  typedef typename SimplexTree::Filtration_value Filtration_value;
+  typedef typename SimplexTree::Node Node;
+  typedef MapContainer Dictionary;
+  typedef typename MapContainer::iterator Dictionary_it;
+
+  /* Default constructor.*/
+  Simplex_tree_siblings()
+      : oncles_(nullptr),
+        parent_(-1),
+        members_() {
+  }
+
+  /* Constructor with values.*/
+  Simplex_tree_siblings(Simplex_tree_siblings * oncles, Vertex_handle parent)
+      : oncles_(oncles),
+        parent_(parent),
+        members_() {
+  }
+
+  /** \brief Constructor with initialized set of members.
+   *
+   * 'members' must be sorted and unique.*/
+  template<typename RandomAccessVertexRange>
+  Simplex_tree_siblings(Simplex_tree_siblings * oncles, Vertex_handle parent, const RandomAccessVertexRange & members)
+      : oncles_(oncles),
+        parent_(parent),
+        members_(boost::container::ordered_unique_range, members.begin(),
+                 members.end()) {
+    for (auto& map_el : members_) {
+      map_el.second.assign_children(this);
+    }
+  }
+
+  Dictionary_it find(Vertex_handle v) {
+    return members_.find(v);
+  }
+
+  Simplex_tree_siblings * oncles() {
+    return oncles_;
+  }
+
+  Vertex_handle parent() const {
+    return parent_;
+  }
+
+  Dictionary & members() {
+    return members_;
+  }
+
+  size_t size() const {
+    return members_.size();
+  }
+
+  void erase(const Dictionary_it iterator) {
+    members_.erase(iterator);
+  }
+
+  Simplex_tree_siblings * oncles_;
+  Vertex_handle parent_;
+  Dictionary members_;
+};
+
+/** @}*/  // end addtogroup simplex_tree
+
+}  // namespace Gudhi
+
+#endif  // SIMPLEX_TREE_SIMPLEX_TREE_SIBLINGS_H_

multipers/gudhi/gudhi/Simplex_tree/Simplex_tree_star_simplex_iterators.h

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+/*    This file is part of the Gudhi Library - https://gudhi.inria.fr/ - which is released under MIT.
+ *    See file LICENSE or go to https://gudhi.inria.fr/licensing/ for full license details.
+ *    Author(s):       Clément Maria
+ *
+ *    Copyright (C) 2020 Inria
+ *
+ *    Modification(s):
+ *      - YYYY/MM Author: Description of the modification
+ */
+
+#ifndef SIMPLEX_TREE_SIMPLEX_TREE_STAR_SIMPLEX_ITERATORS_H_
+#define SIMPLEX_TREE_SIMPLEX_TREE_STAR_SIMPLEX_ITERATORS_H_
+
+#include <gudhi/Debug_utils.h>
+#include <boost/iterator/iterator_facade.hpp>
+#include <boost/version.hpp>
+#include <boost/iterator/filter_iterator.hpp>
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <utility>  // for std::move
+#include <functional>  // for std::greater
+#include <algorithm>  // for std::includes
+
+namespace Gudhi {
+
+/** \private
+ * \brief Iterator over all the roots of subtrees containing cofaces of all
+ * dimension of a given simplex.
+ *
+ * Specifically, consider a simplex \f$\sigma\f$ whose vertices have maximal label
+ * u. A maximal subtree of cofaces for \f$\sigma\f$ is a subtree of the simplex tree
+ * rooted at a Node of label u, for which the root represents itself a coface of
+ * \f$\sigma\f$.
+ *
+ * \details All Nodes of the simplex must store intrusive list hooks (option
+ * link_nodes_by_label == true) in order to connect all nodes with a fixed label u
+ * into a list.
+ *
+ * Forward iterator, value_type is SimplexTree::Simplex_handle.
+ *
+ * The implementation uses a filter iterator on all Nodes of label u, checking
+ * whether they represent a coface of \f$\sigma\f$ or not.
+ */
+template <class SimplexTree>
+class Simplex_tree_optimized_cofaces_rooted_subtrees_simplex_iterator
+    : public boost::iterator_facade<Simplex_tree_optimized_cofaces_rooted_subtrees_simplex_iterator<SimplexTree>,
+                                    typename SimplexTree::Simplex_handle const, boost::forward_traversal_tag> {
+ public:
+  using Simplex_handle = typename SimplexTree::Simplex_handle;
+  using Siblings = typename SimplexTree::Siblings;
+  using Vertex_handle = typename SimplexTree::Vertex_handle;
+  using Node = typename SimplexTree::Node;
+  using Static_vertex_vector = typename SimplexTree::Static_vertex_vector;
+
+  /** \brief Predicate to check whether an input SimplexTree::Node represents a
+   * coface of a simplex simp_, stored as a std::vector of
+   * SimplexTree::Vertex_handle sorted in decreasing Vertex_handle order.
+   *
+   * \details Given a SimplexHandle in a simplex tree cpx_, traverses the tree
+   * upwards
+   * to find the sequence of Vertex_handle of simp_ as a subsequence of labels
+   * encountered.
+   * Does not test sh itself.
+   * Used for filter_iterator in the optimized algorithm for
+   * star_simplex_range.
+   */
+  class is_coface {
+   public:
+    is_coface() : cpx_(nullptr) {}
+    is_coface(SimplexTree* cpx, Static_vertex_vector&& simp) : cpx_(cpx), simp_(simp) {}
+
+    // Return true iff traversing the Node upwards to the root reads a
+    // coface of simp_
+    bool operator()(typename SimplexTree::Hooks_simplex_base& curr_hooks) {
+      Node& curr_node = static_cast<Node&>(curr_hooks);
+      Simplex_handle sh = cpx_->simplex_handle_from_node(curr_node);
+      // first Node must always have label simp_.begin(); we assume it is true
+      auto&& rng = cpx_->simplex_vertex_range(sh);
+      auto rng_it = rng.begin();
+      GUDHI_CHECK(*rng_it == simp_.front(), std::invalid_argument("first Node must always have label simp_.begin()"));
+      auto simp_it = simp_.begin();
+      // is simp_ a face of the simplex defined by sh ?
+      return std::includes(++rng_it, rng.end(), ++simp_it, simp_.end(), std::greater<Vertex_handle>());
+    }
+
+   private:
+    SimplexTree* cpx_;
+    Static_vertex_vector simp_;  // vertices of simplex, in reverse order
+  };
+
+  typedef boost::filter_iterator<is_coface, typename SimplexTree::List_max_vertex::iterator>
+      Filtered_cofaces_simplex_iterator;
+  // any end() iterator
+  Simplex_tree_optimized_cofaces_rooted_subtrees_simplex_iterator() : predicate_(), st_(nullptr) {}
+
+  Simplex_tree_optimized_cofaces_rooted_subtrees_simplex_iterator(SimplexTree* cpx,
+                                                                  Static_vertex_vector&& simp)
+      : predicate_(cpx, std::move(simp)), st_(cpx) {
+    GUDHI_CHECK(!simp.empty(), std::invalid_argument("cannot call for cofaces of an empty simplex"));
+    auto list_ptr = st_->nodes_by_label(simp.front());
+    GUDHI_CHECK(list_ptr != nullptr, std::runtime_error("invalid call to cofaces forest"));
+
+    it_ = boost::make_filter_iterator(predicate_, list_ptr->begin(), list_ptr->end());
+    end_ = boost::make_filter_iterator(predicate_, list_ptr->end(), list_ptr->end());
+    Node& curr_node = static_cast<Node&>(*it_);
+    sh_ = st_->simplex_handle_from_node(curr_node);
+  }
+
+ private:
+  friend class boost::iterator_core_access;
+
+  // valid when iterating along the SAME list of max vertex.
+  bool equal(Simplex_tree_optimized_cofaces_rooted_subtrees_simplex_iterator const& other) const {
+    if (other.st_ == nullptr) {
+      return (st_ == nullptr);
+    }
+    if (st_ == nullptr) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    return (it_ == other.it_);
+  }
+
+  Simplex_handle const& dereference() const { return sh_; }
+
+  void increment() {
+    if (++it_ == end_) {
+      st_ = nullptr;
+    }       //== end
+    else {  // update sh_
+      Node& curr_node = static_cast<Node&>(*it_);
+      sh_ = st_->simplex_handle_from_node(curr_node);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // given a Node of label max_v, returns true if the associated simplex is a coface of the simplex {..., max_v}. The
+  // predicate stores the vertices of the simplex whose star we compute.
+  is_coface predicate_;
+  SimplexTree* st_;
+  // filtered iterators over Nodes, filtered with predicate_
+  Filtered_cofaces_simplex_iterator it_;
+  Filtered_cofaces_simplex_iterator end_;
+  // current Simplex_handle corresponding to Node pointed at by it_
+  Simplex_handle sh_;
+};
+
+/** \brief Iterator over the simplices of the star of a simplex.
+ *
+ * \details All Nodes of the simplex must store intrusive list hooks (option
+ * link_nodes_by_label == true) in order to connect all nodes with a fixed label u
+ * into a list.
+ *
+ * Forward iterator, value_type is SimplexTree::Simplex_handle.
+ *
+ * The implementation uses a
+ * Simplex_tree_optimized_cofaces_rooted_subtrees_simplex_iterator to iterate through all
+ * roots of cofaces Nodes, and traverses each such subtree of the simplex tree.
+ */
+template <class SimplexTree>
+class Simplex_tree_optimized_star_simplex_iterator
+    : public boost::iterator_facade<Simplex_tree_optimized_star_simplex_iterator<SimplexTree>,
+                                    typename SimplexTree::Simplex_handle const, boost::forward_traversal_tag> {
+ public:
+  using Simplex_handle = typename SimplexTree::Simplex_handle;
+  using Siblings = typename SimplexTree::Siblings;
+  using Vertex_handle = typename SimplexTree::Vertex_handle;
+  using Node = typename SimplexTree::Node;
+  using Static_vertex_vector = typename SimplexTree::Static_vertex_vector;
+
+  // any end() iterator
+  Simplex_tree_optimized_star_simplex_iterator() : st_(nullptr) {}
+
+  Simplex_tree_optimized_star_simplex_iterator(SimplexTree* cpx, Static_vertex_vector&& simp)
+      : st_(cpx), it_(cpx, std::move(simp)), end_(), sh_(*it_), sib_(st_->self_siblings(sh_)), children_stack_() {
+    if (it_ == end_) {
+      st_ = nullptr;
+      return;
+    }  // no coface subtree => end()
+    is_root_ = true;
+    sh_ = *it_;                      // sh_ is the root
+    sib_ = st_->self_siblings(sh_);  // Siblings containing sh_
+    if (st_->has_children(sh_)) {
+      children_stack_.push_back(st_->children(sh_));
+    }
+    return;  // first root of coface subtree
+  }
+
+ private:
+  friend class boost::iterator_core_access;
+
+  // valid when iterating along the SAME list of max vertex.
+  bool equal(Simplex_tree_optimized_star_simplex_iterator const& other) const {
+    if (other.st_ == nullptr) {
+      return (st_ == nullptr);
+    }
+    if (st_ == nullptr) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    return (&(sh_->second) == &(other.sh_->second));
+  }
+
+  Simplex_handle const& dereference() const { return sh_; }
+
+  /* Go to the next valid Simplex_handle for a coface, using a breadth first
+   * search approach.
+   *
+   * Invariant:
+   *
+   * sh_ is a coface,
+   * sib_ the Siblings containing sh_,
+   * it_ the root of a coface subtree, such that dim_root_ <= exact_dim_cofaces_.
+   * bfs_queue contains Siblings inside the coface subtree.
+   *
+   * Additionally,
+   *
+   *  - computing all cofaces: sh_ points to a coface of any dimension. bfs_queue
+   * contains a collection of Siblings* that must be considered (as well as there
+   * children). These are all sets of children of simplices in
+   * [ sib_->members().begin(), sh_ ]
+   */
+  void increment_all_cofaces() {
+    ++sh_;  // next sibling
+    // if no more sibling or root of coface tree, go down or to next subtree
+    if (is_root_ || sh_ == sib_->members().end()) {
+      is_root_ = false;
+      if (!children_stack_.empty()) {
+        sib_ = children_stack_.back();
+        children_stack_.pop_back();
+        sh_ = sib_->members().begin();  // don't track dimensions
+        if (st_->has_children(sh_)) {
+          children_stack_.push_back(st_->children(sh_));
+        }
+      } else {  // bfs_queue == empty, go to root of next coface subtree
+        if (++it_ == end_) {
+          st_ = nullptr;
+          return;
+        }  // no more subtree => end()
+        is_root_ = true;
+        sh_ = *it_;                      // sh_ is the root
+        sib_ = st_->self_siblings(sh_);  // Siblings containing sh_
+        if (st_->has_children(sh_)) {
+          children_stack_.push_back(st_->children(sh_));
+        }
+        return;  // next root of coface
+      }
+    } else {  // sh_ is valid, simply add its children to the queue
+      if (st_->has_children(sh_)) {
+        children_stack_.push_back(st_->children(sh_));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // For cofaces, enumerating all the star and testing which simplices have the right dimension is suboptimal.
+  // This could be optimized later.
+  void increment() { increment_all_cofaces(); }
+
+  // Let s be the simplex in a complex C whose star is
+  // iterated through. Let max_v denote the maximal label of vertices in s.
+  SimplexTree* st_;  // Simplex tree for complex C
+  // The cofaces of s form a subforest of the simplex tree. The roots of trees in this
+  // forest have label max_v.
+  //[it_,end_) == range of Simplex_handles of the roots of the cofaces trees (any dim)
+  Simplex_tree_optimized_cofaces_rooted_subtrees_simplex_iterator<SimplexTree> it_;
+  Simplex_tree_optimized_cofaces_rooted_subtrees_simplex_iterator<SimplexTree> end_;
+  // curr Simplex_handle, returned by operator*, pointing to a coface of s
+  Simplex_handle sh_;
+  // set of siblings containing sh_ in the Simplex_tree
+  Siblings* sib_;  //
+  // Save children in a list to avoid calling sib_->members().find(.)
+  std::vector<Siblings*> children_stack_;
+  // true iff sh_ points to the root of a coface subtree
+  bool is_root_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace Gudhi
+
+#endif  // SIMPLEX_TREE_SIMPLEX_TREE_STAR_SIMPLEX_ITERATORS_H_

multipers/gudhi/gudhi/Simplex_tree/hooks_simplex_base.h

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*    This file is part of the Gudhi Library - https://gudhi.inria.fr/ - which is released under MIT.
+ *    See file LICENSE or go to https://gudhi.inria.fr/licensing/ for full license details.
+ *    Author(s):       Clément Maria
+ *
+ *    Copyright (C) 2020 Inria
+ *
+ *    Modification(s):
+ *      - YYYY/MM Author: Description of the modification
+ */
+
+#ifndef SIMPLEX_TREE_HOOKS_SIMPLEX_BASE_H_
+#define SIMPLEX_TREE_HOOKS_SIMPLEX_BASE_H_
+
+#include <boost/intrusive/list.hpp>
+#include <stdexcept>
+
+namespace Gudhi {
+  /** \brief No hook when SimplexTreeOptions::link_nodes_by_label is false.
+   */
+  struct Hooks_simplex_base_dummy {};
+
+  /** \brief Data structure to put all simplex tree nodes with same label into a list.
+   *
+   * Allows one to access all subtrees of the simplex tree rooted at a node with a given label.
+   * Used in particular for fast cofaces location, and fast insertion and deletion of edges in a flag complex.
+   *
+   * Only if SimplexTreeOptions::link_nodes_by_label is true.
+   */
+  struct Hooks_simplex_base_link_nodes {
+   public:
+    Hooks_simplex_base_link_nodes() {}
+    // The following 2 functions are conceptually wrong, but when copying a Simplex_tree it is more convenient to have
+    // them (and fix things asap after they are called).
+    // copy constructor, inherited by the Node class, requires to copy hooks
+    Hooks_simplex_base_link_nodes(const Hooks_simplex_base_link_nodes&)
+    : list_max_vertex_hook_() { }
+    // copy assignment
+    Hooks_simplex_base_link_nodes& operator=(const Hooks_simplex_base_link_nodes&) {
+      throw std::logic_error("Should not happen");
+    }
+    // move constructor
+    Hooks_simplex_base_link_nodes(Hooks_simplex_base_link_nodes&& other) {
+      list_max_vertex_hook_.swap_nodes(other.list_max_vertex_hook_);
+    }
+    // move assignment
+    Hooks_simplex_base_link_nodes& operator=(Hooks_simplex_base_link_nodes&& other) {
+      list_max_vertex_hook_.swap_nodes(other.list_max_vertex_hook_);
+      return *this;
+    }
+    void unlink_hooks() { list_max_vertex_hook_.unlink(); }
+    ~Hooks_simplex_base_link_nodes() {}  // unlink_hooks(); }
+
+    typedef boost::intrusive::list_member_hook<  // allows .unlink()
+        boost::intrusive::link_mode<boost::intrusive::auto_unlink>>
+        Member_hook_t;
+
+    Member_hook_t list_max_vertex_hook_;
+  };
+
+}  // namespace Gudhi
+
+#endif  // SIMPLEX_TREE_HOOKS_SIMPLEX_BASE_H_

multipers/gudhi/gudhi/Simplex_tree/indexing_tag.h

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*    This file is part of the Gudhi Library - https://gudhi.inria.fr/ - which is released under MIT.
+ *    See file LICENSE or go to https://gudhi.inria.fr/licensing/ for full license details.
+ *    Author(s):       Clément Maria
+ *
+ *    Copyright (C) 2014 Inria
+ *
+ *    Modification(s):
+ *      - YYYY/MM Author: Description of the modification
+ */
+
+#ifndef SIMPLEX_TREE_INDEXING_TAG_H_
+#define SIMPLEX_TREE_INDEXING_TAG_H_
+
+namespace Gudhi {
+
+/** \brief Tag for a linear ordering of simplices. 
+ *
+ * \implements IndexingTag
+ */
+struct linear_indexing_tag {
+};
+
+/** \brief Tag for a zigzag ordering of simplices. */
+//  struct zigzag_indexing_tag {};
+}  // namespace Gudhi
+
+#endif  // SIMPLEX_TREE_INDEXING_TAG_H_

multipers/gudhi/gudhi/Simplex_tree/serialization_utils.h

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*    This file is part of the Gudhi Library - https://gudhi.inria.fr/ - which is released under MIT.
+ *    See file LICENSE or go to https://gudhi.inria.fr/licensing/ for full license details.
+ *    Author(s):       Vincent Rouvreau
+ *
+ *    Copyright (C) 2023 Inria
+ *
+ *    Modification(s):
+ *      - YYYY/MM Author: Description of the modification
+ */
+
+#ifndef SIMPLEX_TREE_SERIALIZATION_UTILS_H_
+#define SIMPLEX_TREE_SERIALIZATION_UTILS_H_
+
+#include <cstring>  // for memcpy and std::size_t
+
+namespace Gudhi {
+
+namespace simplex_tree {
+
+/** \brief Serialize the given value and insert it at start position.
+ * 
+ * @param[in] value The value to serialize.
+ * @param[in] start Start position where the value is serialized.
+ * @return The new position in the array of char for the next serialization.
+ * 
+ * @warning It is the user's responsibility to provide a pointer to a buffer with enough memory space.
+ */
+template<class ArgumentType>
+char* serialize_trivial(ArgumentType value, char* start) {
+  std::size_t arg_size = sizeof(ArgumentType);
+  memcpy(start, &value, arg_size);
+  return start + arg_size;
+}
+
+/** \brief Deserialize at the start position in an array of char and sets the value with it.
+ * 
+ * @param[in] value The value where to deserialize based on its type.
+ * @param[in] start Start position where the value is serialized.
+ * @return The new position in the array of char for the next deserialization.
+ * 
+ * @warning It is the user's responsibility to ensure that the pointer will not go out of bounds.
+ */
+template<class ArgumentType>
+const char* deserialize_trivial(ArgumentType& value, const char* start) {
+  std::size_t arg_size = sizeof(ArgumentType);
+  memcpy(&value, start, arg_size);
+  return (start + arg_size);
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Returns the size of the serialization of the given object.
+ */
+template<class ArgumentType>
+constexpr std::size_t get_serialization_size_of([[maybe_unused]] ArgumentType value) {
+  return sizeof(ArgumentType);
+}
+
+}  // namespace simplex_tree
+
+}  // namespace Gudhi
+
+#endif  // SIMPLEX_TREE_SERIALIZATION_UTILS_H_