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moai_adk/templates/.claude/skills/moai-lang-java/SKILL.md

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+---
+name: moai-lang-java
+description: Java 21 LTS development specialist covering Spring Boot 3.3, virtual threads, pattern matching, and enterprise patterns. Use when building enterprise applications, microservices, or Spring projects.
+version: 1.0.0
+category: language
+tags: [java, spring-boot, jpa, hibernate, virtual-threads, enterprise]
+context7-libraries: [/spring-projects/spring-boot, /spring-projects/spring-framework, /spring-projects/spring-security]
+related-skills: [moai-lang-kotlin, moai-domain-backend]
+updated: 2025-12-07
+status: active
+---
+
+## Quick Reference (30 seconds)
+
+Java 21 LTS Expert - Enterprise development with Spring Boot 3.3, Virtual Threads, and modern Java features.
+
+Auto-Triggers: Java files (`.java`), build files (`pom.xml`, `build.gradle`, `build.gradle.kts`)
+
+Core Capabilities:
+- Java 21 LTS: Virtual threads, pattern matching, record patterns, sealed classes
+- Spring Boot 3.3: REST controllers, services, repositories, WebFlux reactive
+- Spring Security 6: JWT authentication, OAuth2, role-based access control
+- JPA/Hibernate 7: Entity mapping, relationships, queries, transactions
+- JUnit 5: Unit testing, mocking, TestContainers integration
+- Build Tools: Maven 3.9, Gradle 8.5 with Kotlin DSL
+
+---
+
+## Implementation Guide (5 minutes)
+
+### Java 21 LTS Features
+
+Virtual Threads (Project Loom):
+```java
+// Lightweight concurrent programming
+try (var executor = Executors.newVirtualThreadPerTaskExecutor()) {
+    IntStream.range(0, 10_000).forEach(i ->
+        executor.submit(() -> {
+            Thread.sleep(Duration.ofSeconds(1));
+            return i;
+        })
+    );
+}
+
+// Structured concurrency (preview)
+try (var scope = new StructuredTaskScope.ShutdownOnFailure()) {
+    Supplier<User> user = scope.fork(() -> fetchUser(userId));
+    Supplier<List<Order>> orders = scope.fork(() -> fetchOrders(userId));
+    scope.join().throwIfFailed();
+    return new UserWithOrders(user.get(), orders.get());
+}
+```
+
+Pattern Matching for Switch:
+```java
+String describe(Object obj) {
+    return switch (obj) {
+        case Integer i when i > 0 -> "positive integer: " + i;
+        case Integer i -> "non-positive integer: " + i;
+        case String s -> "string of length " + s.length();
+        case List<?> list -> "list with " + list.size() + " elements";
+        case null -> "null value";
+        default -> "unknown type";
+    };
+}
+```
+
+Record Patterns and Sealed Classes:
+```java
+record Point(int x, int y) {}
+record Rectangle(Point topLeft, Point bottomRight) {}
+
+int area(Rectangle rect) {
+    return switch (rect) {
+        case Rectangle(Point(var x1, var y1), Point(var x2, var y2)) ->
+            Math.abs((x2 - x1) * (y2 - y1));
+    };
+}
+
+public sealed interface Shape permits Circle, Rectangle {
+    double area();
+}
+public record Circle(double radius) implements Shape {
+    public double area() { return Math.PI * radius * radius; }
+}
+```
+
+### Spring Boot 3.3
+
+REST Controller:
+```java
+@RestController
+@RequestMapping("/api/users")
+@RequiredArgsConstructor
+public class UserController {
+    private final UserService userService;
+
+    @GetMapping("/{id}")
+    public ResponseEntity<UserDto> getUser(@PathVariable Long id) {
+        return userService.findById(id)
+            .map(ResponseEntity::ok)
+            .orElse(ResponseEntity.notFound().build());
+    }
+
+    @PostMapping
+    public ResponseEntity<UserDto> createUser(@Valid @RequestBody CreateUserRequest request) {
+        UserDto user = userService.create(request);
+        URI location = URI.create("/api/users/" + user.id());
+        return ResponseEntity.created(location).body(user);
+    }
+
+    @DeleteMapping("/{id}")
+    public ResponseEntity<Void> deleteUser(@PathVariable Long id) {
+        return userService.delete(id)
+            ? ResponseEntity.noContent().build()
+            : ResponseEntity.notFound().build();
+    }
+}
+```
+
+Service Layer:
+```java
+@Service
+@RequiredArgsConstructor
+@Transactional(readOnly = true)
+public class UserService {
+    private final UserRepository userRepository;
+    private final PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;
+
+    public Optional<User> findById(Long id) {
+        return userRepository.findById(id);
+    }
+
+    @Transactional
+    public User create(CreateUserRequest request) {
+        if (userRepository.existsByEmail(request.email())) {
+            throw new DuplicateEmailException(request.email());
+        }
+        var user = User.builder()
+            .name(request.name())
+            .email(request.email())
+            .passwordHash(passwordEncoder.encode(request.password()))
+            .status(UserStatus.PENDING)
+            .build();
+        return userRepository.save(user);
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### Spring Security 6
+
+Security Configuration:
+```java
+@Configuration
+@EnableWebSecurity
+public class SecurityConfig {
+    @Bean
+    public SecurityFilterChain filterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
+        return http
+            .authorizeHttpRequests(auth -> auth
+                .requestMatchers("/api/public/**").permitAll()
+                .requestMatchers("/api/admin/**").hasRole("ADMIN")
+                .anyRequest().authenticated()
+            )
+            .oauth2ResourceServer(oauth2 -> oauth2.jwt(Customizer.withDefaults()))
+            .sessionManagement(session ->
+                session.sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS))
+            .csrf(csrf -> csrf.disable())
+            .build();
+    }
+
+    @Bean
+    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
+        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### JPA/Hibernate Patterns
+
+Entity Definition:
+```java
+@Entity
+@Table(name = "users")
+@Getter @Setter
+@NoArgsConstructor @Builder
+public class User {
+    @Id
+    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
+    private Long id;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false)
+    private String name;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false, unique = true)
+    private String email;
+
+    @Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
+    private UserStatus status;
+
+    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "user", cascade = CascadeType.ALL, orphanRemoval = true)
+    private List<Order> orders = new ArrayList<>();
+}
+```
+
+Repository with Custom Queries:
+```java
+public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {
+    Optional<User> findByEmail(String email);
+    boolean existsByEmail(String email);
+
+    @Query("SELECT u FROM User u LEFT JOIN FETCH u.orders WHERE u.id = :id")
+    Optional<User> findByIdWithOrders(@Param("id") Long id);
+
+    Page<User> findByNameContainingIgnoreCase(String name, Pageable pageable);
+}
+```
+
+DTOs as Records:
+```java
+public record UserDto(Long id, String name, String email, UserStatus status) {
+    public static UserDto from(User user) {
+        return new UserDto(user.getId(), user.getName(), user.getEmail(), user.getStatus());
+    }
+}
+
+public record CreateUserRequest(
+    @NotBlank @Size(min = 2, max = 100) String name,
+    @NotBlank @Email String email,
+    @NotBlank @Size(min = 8) String password
+) {}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Advanced Patterns
+
+### Virtual Threads Integration
+
+```java
+@Service
+@RequiredArgsConstructor
+public class AsyncUserService {
+    public UserWithDetails fetchUserDetails(Long userId) throws Exception {
+        try (var scope = new StructuredTaskScope.ShutdownOnFailure()) {
+            Supplier<User> userTask = scope.fork(() -> userRepo.findById(userId).orElseThrow());
+            Supplier<List<Order>> ordersTask = scope.fork(() -> orderRepo.findByUserId(userId));
+            scope.join().throwIfFailed();
+            return new UserWithDetails(userTask.get(), ordersTask.get());
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void processUsersInParallel(List<Long> userIds) {
+        try (var executor = Executors.newVirtualThreadPerTaskExecutor()) {
+            userIds.stream().map(id -> executor.submit(() -> processUser(id))).toList();
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### Build Configuration
+
+Maven 3.9:
+```xml
+<project>
+    <parent>
+        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
+        <version>3.3.0</version>
+    </parent>
+    <properties><java.version>21</java.version></properties>
+    <dependencies>
+        <dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency>
+        <dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId></dependency>
+    </dependencies>
+</project>
+```
+
+Gradle 8.5 (Kotlin DSL):
+```kotlin
+plugins {
+    id("org.springframework.boot") version "3.3.0"
+    id("io.spring.dependency-management") version "1.1.4"
+    java
+}
+java { toolchain { languageVersion = JavaLanguageVersion.of(21) } }
+dependencies {
+    implementation("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web")
+    implementation("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jpa")
+    testImplementation("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test")
+}
+```
+
+### Testing with JUnit 5
+
+Unit Testing:
+```java
+@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
+class UserServiceTest {
+    @Mock private UserRepository userRepository;
+    @InjectMocks private UserService userService;
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldCreateUser() {
+        when(userRepository.existsByEmail(anyString())).thenReturn(false);
+        when(userRepository.save(any())).thenReturn(User.builder().id(1L).build());
+        var result = userService.create(new CreateUserRequest("John", "john@test.com", "pass"));
+        assertThat(result.getId()).isEqualTo(1L);
+    }
+}
+```
+
+Integration Testing with TestContainers:
+```java
+@Testcontainers
+@SpringBootTest
+class UserRepositoryTest {
+    @Container
+    static PostgreSQLContainer<?> postgres = new PostgreSQLContainer<>("postgres:16-alpine");
+
+    @DynamicPropertySource
+    static void props(DynamicPropertyRegistry registry) {
+        registry.add("spring.datasource.url", postgres::getJdbcUrl);
+    }
+
+    @Autowired UserRepository repo;
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldSaveUser() {
+        var user = repo.save(User.builder().name("John").email("john@test.com").build());
+        assertThat(user.getId()).isNotNull();
+    }
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Context7 Integration
+
+Library mappings for latest documentation:
+- `/spring-projects/spring-boot` - Spring Boot 3.3 documentation
+- `/spring-projects/spring-framework` - Spring Framework core
+- `/spring-projects/spring-security` - Spring Security 6
+- `/hibernate/hibernate-orm` - Hibernate 7 ORM patterns
+- `/junit-team/junit5` - JUnit 5 testing framework
+
+---
+
+## Works Well With
+
+- `moai-lang-kotlin` - Kotlin interoperability and Spring Kotlin extensions
+- `moai-domain-backend` - REST API, GraphQL, microservices architecture
+- `moai-domain-database` - JPA, Hibernate, R2DBC patterns
+- `moai-foundation-quality` - JUnit 5, Mockito, TestContainers integration
+- `moai-infra-docker` - JVM container optimization
+
+---
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+Common Issues:
+- Version mismatch: `java -version`, check `JAVA_HOME` points to Java 21
+- Compilation errors: `mvn clean compile -X` or `gradle build --info`
+- Virtual thread issues: Ensure Java 21+ with `--enable-preview` if needed
+- JPA lazy loading: Use `@Transactional` or `JOIN FETCH` queries
+
+Performance Tips:
+- Enable Virtual Threads: `spring.threads.virtual.enabled=true`
+- Use GraalVM Native Image for faster startup
+- Configure connection pooling with HikariCP
+
+---
+
+## Advanced Documentation
+
+For comprehensive reference materials:
+- [reference.md](reference.md) - Java 21 features, Context7 mappings, performance
+- [examples.md](examples.md) - Production-ready Spring Boot examples
+
+---
+
+Last Updated: 2025-12-07
+Status: Production Ready (v1.0.0)