mindspore 2.4.0__cp311-cp311-macosx_10_15_x86_64.whl

mindspore/parallel/_transformer/moe.py

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+# Copyright 2023 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+# ============================================================================
+"""
+Note:
+Mixture of Expert (MoE) structure.
+These are experimental APIs that are subject to change or deletion.
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+from __future__ import division
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from mindspore.common.tensor import Tensor
+import mindspore.common.dtype as mstype
+import mindspore.communication.management as D
+from mindspore import _checkparam as Validator
+from mindspore.ops import operations as P
+from mindspore.ops import functional as F
+from mindspore.ops.primitive import _primexpr
+from mindspore.nn.cell import Cell
+from mindspore.nn.layer import Dense
+from mindspore.context import ParallelMode
+from mindspore.parallel._utils import _get_parallel_mode, _is_sharding_propagation
+from mindspore.parallel._transformer.op_parallel_config import default_moeparallel_config
+
+__all__ = [
+    "MoEConfig"]
+
+
+class MoEConfig:
+    r"""
+        The configuration of MoE (Mixture of Expert).
+
+        Args:
+            expert_num (int): The number of experts employed. Default: 1
+            capacity_factor (float): The factor is used to indicate how much to expand expert capacity,
+                which is >=1.0. Default: 1.1.
+            aux_loss_factor (float): The factor is used to indicate how much the load balance loss (produced by the
+                router) to be added to the entire model loss, which is < 1.0. Default: 0.05.
+            num_experts_chosen (int): The number of experts is chosen by each token and it should not be larger
+                than expert_num. Default: 1.
+            expert_group_size (int): The number of tokens in each data parallel group. Default: ``None``.
+                This parameter is effective only when in AUTO_PARALLEL mode, and NOT SHARDING_PROPAGATION.
+            group_wise_a2a (bool): Whether to enable group-wise alltoall communication, which can reduce communication
+                time by converting part of inter communication into intra communication. Default: ``False``.
+                This parameter is effective only when model parallel > 1 and data_parallel equal to expert parallel.
+            comp_comm_parallel (bool): Whether to enable ffn compute and communication parallel, which can reduce pure
+                communicattion time by splitting and overlapping compute and communication. Default: ``False``.
+            comp_comm_parallel_degree (int): The split number of compute and communication. The larger the numbers,
+                the more overlap there will be but will consume more memory. Default: 2. This parameter is effective
+                only when comp_comm_parallel enable.
+
+        Supported Platforms:
+            ``Ascend`` ``GPU``
+
+        Examples:
+            >>> from mindspore.nn.transformer import MoEConfig
+            >>> moe_config = MoEConfig(expert_num=4, capacity_factor=5.0, aux_loss_factor=0.05, num_experts_chosen=1,
+            ...                        expert_group_size=64, group_wise_a2a=True, comp_comm_parallel=False,
+            ...                        comp_comm_parallel_degree=2)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, expert_num=1, capacity_factor=1.1, aux_loss_factor=0.05, num_experts_chosen=1,
+                 expert_group_size=None, group_wise_a2a=False, comp_comm_parallel=False, comp_comm_parallel_degree=2):
+        Validator.check_positive_int(expert_num, "expert_num")
+        Validator.check_positive_float(capacity_factor, "capacity_factor")
+        Validator.check_positive_float(aux_loss_factor, "aux_loss_factor")
+        Validator.check_positive_int(num_experts_chosen, "num_experts_chosen")
+        Validator.check_bool(group_wise_a2a, "group_wise_a2a")
+        Validator.check_bool(comp_comm_parallel, "comp_comm_parallel")
+        Validator.check_positive_int(comp_comm_parallel_degree, "comp_comm_parallel_degree")
+        if expert_group_size is not None:
+            Validator.check_positive_int(expert_group_size, "expert_group_size")
+        if capacity_factor < 1.0:
+            raise ValueError(f"'capacity_factor' must be equal to or greater than 1.0, "
+                             f"but got {capacity_factor}.")
+        if aux_loss_factor >= 1.0:
+            raise ValueError(f"'aux_loss_factor' must be less than 1.0, "
+                             f"but got {aux_loss_factor}.")
+        if num_experts_chosen > expert_num:
+            raise ValueError(f"'num_experts_chosen' must not be larger than 'expert_num', "
+                             f"but got {num_experts_chosen}.")
+        self.expert_num = expert_num
+        self.capacity_factor = capacity_factor
+        self.aux_loss_factor = aux_loss_factor
+        self.num_experts_chosen = num_experts_chosen
+        self.expert_group_size = expert_group_size
+        self.group_wise_a2a = group_wise_a2a
+        self.comp_comm_parallel = comp_comm_parallel
+        self.comp_comm_parallel_degree = comp_comm_parallel_degree
+
+
+default_moe_config = MoEConfig()
+
+
+def _check_moe_config(moe_config=None, parallel_config=None):
+    """
+        check if MoE with right configuration.
+    """
+    if not isinstance(moe_config, MoEConfig):
+        raise TypeError(f"'moe_config' must be an instance of MoEConfig, but got {type(moe_config).__name__}.")
+    use_moe = (moe_config.expert_num > 1)
+    if use_moe is False:
+        return
+    if moe_config.expert_num % parallel_config.expert_parallel != 0:
+        raise ValueError(f"When using MoE, the 'expert_num' in {type(moe_config).__name__} must be a multiple "
+                         f"of 'expert_parallel' value in {type(parallel_config).__name__}, but got "
+                         f"{moe_config.expert_num} for 'expert_num' and {parallel_config.expert_parallel} for "
+                         f"'expert_parallel'.")
+
+    device_num = D.get_group_size()
+    if device_num % parallel_config.expert_parallel != 0:
+        raise ValueError(f"device_num: {device_num} must be a multiple of expert_parallel: "
+                         f"{parallel_config.expert_parallel}.")
+    if parallel_config.data_parallel % parallel_config.expert_parallel != 0:
+        raise ValueError(f"data parallel: {parallel_config.data_parallel} must be a multiple of "
+                         f"expert_parallel: {parallel_config.expert_parallel} when using MoE.")
+    if parallel_config.data_parallel * parallel_config.model_parallel > device_num:
+        raise ValueError(f"The product of the data parallel: {parallel_config.data_parallel} and "
+                         f"model parallel: {parallel_config.model_parallel} "
+                         f"should be less than device_num: {device_num}.")
+
+
+@_primexpr
+def calculate_expert_capacity(k, tokens_per_group, capacity_factor, expert_dim):
+    res = k * tokens_per_group * capacity_factor / expert_dim
+    res_int = int(res)
+    return res_int if res < 0 or res == res_int else res_int + 1
+
+
+class MoE(Cell):
+    """
+    The mixture of experts (MoE) implementation. The implementation includes a router and a FeedForward layer.
+    The router dispatches tokens to experts in FeedForward, then FeedForward does computation, and the final output is
+    obtained by multiplying FeedForward's output and router's combine weight.
+
+    Args:
+        hidden_size (int): The dimension of the inputs.
+        ffn_hidden_size (int): The intermediate hidden size.
+        dropout_rate (float): The dropout rate for the second linear's output.
+        hidden_act (str): The activation of the internal feedforward layer. Supports 'relu',
+                         'relu6', 'tanh', 'gelu', 'fast_gelu', 'elu', 'sigmoid', 'prelu', 'leakyrelu', 'hswish',
+                         'hsigmoid', 'logsigmoid' and so on. Default: gelu.
+        param_init_type (dtype.Number): The parameter initialization type. Can be dtype.float32 or dtype.float16.
+        moe_config(MoEConfig): The configuration of MoE (Mixture of Expert). Default is an instance of MoEConfig with
+            default values. Please see `MoEConfig`.
+        parallel_config(MoEParallelConfig): The parallel config for MoE, see `MoEParallelConfig`.
+            Default `default_moeparallel_config`, an instance of `MoEParallelConfig` with default args.
+
+    Inputs:
+        - **x** (Tensor) - should be `[batch, seq_length, hidden_size]`. Float tensor.
+
+    Outputs:
+        Tensor, the output of this layer after mapping. The shape is `[batch, seq_length, hidden_size]`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, hidden_size,
+                 ffn_hidden_size,
+                 dropout_rate,
+                 hidden_act='gelu',
+                 param_init_type=mstype.float32,
+                 moe_config=default_moe_config,
+                 parallel_config=default_moeparallel_config):
+        super(MoE, self).__init__()
+        if _get_parallel_mode() in (ParallelMode.AUTO_PARALLEL,) and _is_sharding_propagation():
+            self.hidden_size = hidden_size
+            self.expert_dim = moe_config.expert_num
+            self.capacity_factor = moe_config.capacity_factor
+            self.aux_loss_factor = moe_config.aux_loss_factor
+            self.num_experts_chosen = moe_config.num_experts_chosen
+            self.expert_group_size = moe_config.expert_group_size
+            self.dp_group = parallel_config.data_parallel
+            self.dp = parallel_config.data_parallel
+            self.ep = parallel_config.expert_parallel
+            self.mp = parallel_config.model_parallel
+            self.comp_comm_parallel = moe_config.comp_comm_parallel
+            self.comp_comm_parallel_degree = moe_config.comp_comm_parallel_degree
+            self.group_wise_a2a = moe_config.group_wise_a2a
+            if not (self.mp > 1 and self.dp == self.ep):
+                self.group_wise_a2a = False
+            from mindspore.parallel._transformer import FeedForward
+
+            self.ffn = FeedForward(hidden_size=hidden_size,
+                                   ffn_hidden_size=ffn_hidden_size,
+                                   dropout_rate=dropout_rate,
+                                   hidden_act=hidden_act,
+                                   expert_num=self.expert_dim,
+                                   expert_group_size=self.expert_group_size,
+                                   param_init_type=param_init_type,
+                                   parallel_config=parallel_config)
+            self.reshape = P.Reshape()
+            self.shape = P.Shape()
+            self.transpose_2dim = P.Transpose().shard(((self.dp, 1),))
+            self.transpose_3dim = P.Transpose().shard(((self.dp, 1, 1),))
+            self.transpose_4dim = P.Transpose().shard(((1, self.dp, 1, 1),))
+            self.transpose_4dim_dp = P.Transpose().shard(((1, 1, self.dp, 1),))
+            self.batch_mm = P.BatchMatMul().shard(((self.dp, 1, 1), (self.dp, 1, 1)))
+            self.batch_mm2 = P.BatchMatMul().shard(((self.dp, 1, 1), (self.dp, 1, 1)))
+            self.mul = P.Mul()
+            self.router = Router(d_model=hidden_size, moe_config=moe_config, routing_policy=None,
+                                 training=True, parallel_config=parallel_config)
+            self.cast = P.Cast()
+            self.concat = P.Concat(3).shard(tuple((self.dp, 1, 1, 1) for _ in range(self.comp_comm_parallel_degree)))
+            self.concat_dp = P.Concat(2).shard(((1, self.dp, 1, 1), (1, self.dp, 1, 1)))
+            self.split = P.Split(axis=2, output_num=self.comp_comm_parallel_degree).shard(((1, self.dp, 1, 1),))
+            self.stride_slice = P.StridedSlice().shard(((self.dp, 1, 1, 1),))
+            self.stride_slice_dp = P.StridedSlice().shard(((1, self.dp, 1, 1),))
+            self.stride_slice_ep = P.StridedSlice().shard(((self.ep, 1, 1, 1),))
+            self.stride_slice_dp_mp = P.StridedSlice().shard(((1, self.dp, self.mp, 1),))
+            self.stride_slice_ep_mp = P.StridedSlice().shard(((self.ep, 1, self.mp, 1),))
+        else:
+            self.hidden_size = hidden_size
+            self.expert_dim = moe_config.expert_num
+            self.capacity_factor = moe_config.capacity_factor
+            self.aux_loss_factor = moe_config.aux_loss_factor
+            self.num_experts_chosen = moe_config.num_experts_chosen
+            self.dp_group = parallel_config.data_parallel
+            self.dp = parallel_config.data_parallel
+            self.ep = parallel_config.expert_parallel
+            self.mp = parallel_config.model_parallel
+            self.comp_comm_parallel = moe_config.comp_comm_parallel
+            self.comp_comm_parallel_degree = moe_config.comp_comm_parallel_degree
+            self.group_wise_a2a = moe_config.group_wise_a2a
+            if not (self.mp > 1 and self.dp == self.ep):
+                self.group_wise_a2a = False
+            from mindspore.parallel._transformer import FeedForward
+
+            self.ffn = FeedForward(hidden_size=hidden_size,
+                                   ffn_hidden_size=ffn_hidden_size,
+                                   dropout_rate=dropout_rate,
+                                   hidden_act=hidden_act,
+                                   expert_num=self.expert_dim,
+                                   param_init_type=param_init_type,
+                                   parallel_config=parallel_config)
+            self.reshape = P.Reshape()
+            self.shape = P.Shape()
+            self.transpose_2dim = P.Transpose().shard(((self.dp, 1),))
+            self.transpose_3dim = P.Transpose().shard(((self.dp, 1, 1),))
+            self.transpose_4dim = P.Transpose().shard(((1, self.dp, 1, 1),))
+            self.transpose_4dim_dp = P.Transpose().shard(((1, 1, self.dp, 1),))
+            self.batch_mm = P.BatchMatMul().shard(((self.dp, 1, 1), (self.dp, 1, 1)))
+            self.batch_mm2 = P.BatchMatMul().shard(((self.dp, 1, 1), (self.dp, 1, 1)))
+            self.mul = P.Mul().shard(((), ()))
+            self.router = Router(d_model=hidden_size, moe_config=moe_config, routing_policy=None,
+                                 training=True, parallel_config=parallel_config)
+            self.cast = P.Cast()
+            self.concat = P.Concat(3).shard(tuple((self.dp, 1, 1, 1) for _ in range(self.comp_comm_parallel_degree)))
+            self.concat_dp = P.Concat(2).shard(((1, self.dp, 1, 1), (1, self.dp, 1, 1)))
+            self.split = P.Split(axis=2, output_num=self.comp_comm_parallel_degree).shard(((1, self.dp, 1, 1),))
+            self.stride_slice = P.StridedSlice().shard(((self.dp, 1, 1, 1),))
+            self.stride_slice_dp = P.StridedSlice().shard(((1, self.dp, 1, 1),))
+            self.stride_slice_ep = P.StridedSlice().shard(((self.ep, 1, 1, 1),))
+            self.stride_slice_dp_mp = P.StridedSlice().shard(((1, self.dp, self.mp, 1),))
+            self.stride_slice_ep_mp = P.StridedSlice().shard(((self.ep, 1, self.mp, 1),))
+
+    def ffn_infer(self, expert_input, capacity):
+        """
+        Computing the FFN.
+        """
+        pad_size = 0
+        if self.group_wise_a2a:
+            # If capacity can't div by mp, pad for mp shard.
+            if capacity % self.mp != 0:
+                pad_size = self.mp - (capacity % self.mp)
+            if pad_size != 0:
+                capacity += pad_size
+                pad_tensor = self.stride_slice_dp(expert_input, (0, 0, 0, 0),
+                                                  (self.expert_dim, self.dp_group, pad_size, self.hidden_size),
+                                                  (1, 1, 1, 1))
+                expert_input = self.concat_dp((expert_input, pad_tensor))
+            # capacity shard by mp
+            expert_input = self.stride_slice_dp_mp(expert_input, (0, 0, 0, 0),
+                                                   (self.expert_dim, self.dp_group, capacity, self.hidden_size),
+                                                   (1, 1, 1, 1))
+            # group-wise alltoall
+            expert_input = self.stride_slice_ep_mp(expert_input, (0, 0, 0, 0),
+                                                   (self.expert_dim, self.dp_group, capacity, self.hidden_size),
+                                                   (1, 1, 1, 1))
+            # allgather
+            expert_input = self.stride_slice_ep(expert_input, (0, 0, 0, 0),
+                                                (self.expert_dim, self.dp_group, capacity, self.hidden_size),
+                                                (1, 1, 1, 1))
+
+        expert_input = self.reshape(expert_input, (self.expert_dim * self.dp_group * capacity,
+                                                   self.hidden_size))
+        # expert_output's shape: (self.expert_dim, self.dp_group*expert_capacity, self.hidden_size)
+        expert_output = self.ffn(expert_input)
+        expert_output = self.reshape(expert_output, (self.expert_dim, self.dp_group,
+                                                     capacity, self.hidden_size))
+
+        if self.group_wise_a2a:
+            # capacity shard by mp
+            expert_output = self.stride_slice_ep_mp(expert_output, (0, 0, 0, 0),
+                                                    (self.expert_dim, self.dp_group, capacity, self.hidden_size),
+                                                    (1, 1, 1, 1))
+            # group-wise alltoall
+            expert_output = self.stride_slice_dp_mp(expert_output, (0, 0, 0, 0),
+                                                    (self.expert_dim, self.dp_group, capacity, self.hidden_size),
+                                                    (1, 1, 1, 1))
+            # allgather
+            expert_output = self.stride_slice_dp(expert_output, (0, 0, 0, 0),
+                                                 (self.expert_dim, self.dp_group, capacity, self.hidden_size),
+                                                 (1, 1, 1, 1))
+            # Slice capacity back to org shape.
+            if pad_size != 0:
+                capacity -= pad_size
+                expert_output = self.stride_slice_dp(expert_output, (0, 0, 0, 0),
+                                                     (self.expert_dim, self.dp_group, capacity, self.hidden_size),
+                                                     (1, 1, 1, 1))
+        # expert_output's shape: (self.dp_group, self.hidden_size, self.expert_dim, expert_capacity)
+        expert_output = self.transpose_4dim(expert_output, (1, 3, 0, 2))
+        return expert_output
+
+    def ffn_parallel_infer(self, expert_input, capacity):
+        """
+        Split and overlap FFN compute and communication.
+        """
+        # Pad capacity for comp_comm_parallel_degree split.
+        pad_size = 0
+        if capacity % self.comp_comm_parallel_degree != 0:
+            pad_size = self.comp_comm_parallel_degree - (capacity % self.comp_comm_parallel_degree)
+            capacity += pad_size
+            pad_tensor = self.stride_slice_dp(expert_input, (0, 0, 0, 0),
+                                              (self.expert_dim, self.dp_group, pad_size, self.hidden_size),
+                                              (1, 1, 1, 1))
+            expert_input = self.concat_dp((expert_input, pad_tensor))
+
+        sub_capacity = capacity // self.comp_comm_parallel_degree
+        output_list = []
+        for sub_expert_input in self.split(expert_input):
+            sub_expert_output = self.ffn_infer(sub_expert_input, sub_capacity)
+            output_list.append(sub_expert_output)
+        expert_output = self.concat(output_list)
+
+        # Slice capacity back to org shape.
+        if pad_size != 0:
+            capacity -= pad_size
+            expert_output = self.stride_slice(expert_output, (0, 0, 0, 0),
+                                              (self.dp_group, self.hidden_size, self.expert_dim, capacity),
+                                              (1, 1, 1, 1))
+        return expert_output
+
+    def construct(self, input_tensor):
+        input_shape = F.shape(input_tensor)
+        input_tensor = self.reshape(input_tensor, (-1, self.hidden_size))
+        bs_and_dmodel = self.shape(input_tensor)
+        tokens_per_group = bs_and_dmodel[0] // self.dp_group
+        input_tensor = self.reshape(input_tensor, (self.dp_group, tokens_per_group, self.hidden_size))
+
+        expert_capacity = calculate_expert_capacity(self.num_experts_chosen, tokens_per_group,
+                                                    self.capacity_factor, self.expert_dim)
+        # dispatch_tensor's shape: (self.dp_group, tokens_per_group, self.expert_dim, expert_capacity)
+        # combine_tensor's shape: (self.dp_group, tokens_per_group, self.expert_dim, expert_capacity)
+        dispatch_tensor, combine_tensor, aux_loss = self.router(input_tensor)
+
+        # after transpose, input_tensor's shape: (self.dp_group, self.hidden_size, tokens_per_group)
+        input_tensor = self.transpose_3dim(input_tensor, (0, 2, 1))
+        dispatch_tensor = self.reshape(dispatch_tensor, (self.dp_group, tokens_per_group,
+                                                         self.expert_dim * expert_capacity))
+        dispatch_tensor = self.cast(dispatch_tensor, F.dtype(input_tensor))
+        # expert_input's shape: (self.dp_group, self.hidden_size, self.expert_dim * expert_capacity)
+        expert_input = self.batch_mm(input_tensor, dispatch_tensor)
+        expert_input = self.reshape(expert_input, (self.dp_group, self.hidden_size, self.expert_dim,
+                                                   expert_capacity))
+        # The following four ops are to implement transpose(expert_input, (2, 0, 3, 1)), for that a single transpose
+        # has bad performance
+        expert_input = self.reshape(expert_input, (self.dp_group * self.hidden_size,
+                                                   self.expert_dim * expert_capacity))
+        expert_input = self.transpose_2dim(expert_input, (1, 0))
+        expert_input = self.reshape(expert_input, (self.expert_dim, expert_capacity, self.dp_group,
+                                                   self.hidden_size))
+        # expert_input's shape: (self.expert_dim, self.dp_group, expert_capacity, self.hidden_size)
+        expert_input = self.transpose_4dim_dp(expert_input, (0, 2, 1, 3))
+
+        # expert_output's shape: (self.dp_group, self.hidden_size, self.expert_dim, expert_capacity)
+        if self.comp_comm_parallel:
+            expert_output = self.ffn_parallel_infer(expert_input, expert_capacity)
+        else:
+            expert_output = self.ffn_infer(expert_input, expert_capacity)
+
+        expert_output = self.reshape(expert_output, (self.dp_group, self.hidden_size,
+                                                     self.expert_dim * expert_capacity))
+        combine_tensor = self.reshape(combine_tensor, (self.dp_group, tokens_per_group,
+                                                       self.expert_dim * expert_capacity))
+        # combine_tensor's shape: (self.dp_group, self.expert_dim*expert_capacity, tokens_per_group)
+        combine_tensor = self.transpose_3dim(combine_tensor, (0, 2, 1))
+        combine_tensor = self.cast(combine_tensor, F.dtype(expert_output))
+
+        # combined_output's shape: (self.dp_group, self.hidden_size, tokens_per_group)
+        combined_output = self.batch_mm2(expert_output, combine_tensor)
+        # combined_output's shape: (self.dp_group, tokens_per_group, self.hidden_size)
+        combined_output = self.transpose_3dim(combined_output, (0, 2, 1))
+        combined_output = self.reshape(combined_output, (bs_and_dmodel[0], bs_and_dmodel[1]))
+        combined_output = self.reshape(combined_output, input_shape)
+
+        aux_loss = self.mul(self.aux_loss_factor, aux_loss)
+        return combined_output, aux_loss
+
+
+class Router(Cell):
+    r"""
+        A router backbone used to calculate logits of each token, which should be cascaded by router implementations
+        mapping tokens to experts.
+        when moe_config.num_experts_chosen = 1, use top1 routing;
+        when moe_config.num_experts_chosen > 1, use topk routing
+
+        Args:
+            d_model (int): The hidden size of each token.
+            moe_config(MoEConfig): The configuration of MoE (Mixture of Expert).
+            routing_policy: The policy of mapping tokens to experts. Default: topkRouter
+            training (bool): The value indicating whether is in training phase.
+            parallel_config: The parallel-related configuration.
+        Inputs:
+            - **input_tensor** (Tensor) - Tensor of shape :math:`(expert\_parallel, tokens\_per\_device,
+            hidden\_size)`.
+
+        Outputs:
+            Tensor of shape :math:`(expert\_parallel, tokens\_per\_device, expert\_dim)`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 d_model,
+                 moe_config,
+                 routing_policy=None,
+                 training=True,
+                 parallel_config=None):
+        super(Router, self).__init__()
+        dp = parallel_config.data_parallel
+        self.d_model = d_model
+        self.expert_dim = moe_config.expert_num
+        self.capacity_factor = moe_config.capacity_factor
+        self.num_experts_chosen = moe_config.num_experts_chosen
+        self.training = training
+        self.routing_policy = routing_policy
+        self.noisy_policy = None  # candidate: ["jitter", "rsample", "None"]
+        self.noisy_epsilon = 1e-2
+        self.noise = Tensor(np.random.uniform(1 - self.noisy_epsilon, 1 + self.noisy_epsilon, (d_model,)))
+
+        self.dense = Dense(in_channels=self.d_model, out_channels=self.expert_dim, has_bias=False)
+        self.dense.matmul.shard(((dp, 1), (1, 1)))
+        self.mul = P.Mul()
+        self.cast = P.Cast()
+
+        if self.routing_policy is None:
+            self.router = TopkRouter(d_model=d_model, moe_config=moe_config, training=training,
+                                     parallel_config=parallel_config)
+        else:
+            self.router = routing_policy
+
+        if not (_get_parallel_mode() in (ParallelMode.AUTO_PARALLEL,) and _is_sharding_propagation()):
+            self.mul.shard(((dp, 1, 1), (dp,)))
+
+    def construct(self, input_tensor):
+        input_tensor = self.cast(input_tensor, mstype.float32)
+        if self.noisy_policy == "jitter" and self.training:
+            # Here, we temporarily implement the multiplicative jitter this way,
+            # for the lack of UniforReal parallel operator.
+            input_tensor = self.mul(input_tensor, self.noise)
+
+        router_logits = self.dense(input_tensor)
+        return self.router(router_logits)
+
+
+class TopkRouter(Cell):
+    r"""
+        A router implementation which maps each tokens to the topk expert.
+
+        Args:
+            d_model (int): The hidden size of each token.
+            moe_config(MoEConfig): The configuration of MoE (Mixture of Expert).
+            training (bool): The value indicating whether is in training phase.
+            config: The parallel-related configuration.
+        Inputs:
+            - **input_tensor** (Tensor) - Tensor of shape :math:`(expert\_parallel, tokens\_per\_device,
+            hidden\_size)`.
+
+        Outputs:
+            Tensor of shape :math:`(expert\_parallel, tokens\_per\_device, expert\_dim, expert\_capacity)`,
+            Tensor of shape :math:`(expert\_parallel, tokens\_per\_device, expert\_dim, expert\_capacity)`,
+            Tensor of shape :math:`(1)`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 d_model,
+                 moe_config,
+                 training=True,
+                 parallel_config=None):
+        super(TopkRouter, self).__init__()
+        if _get_parallel_mode() in (ParallelMode.AUTO_PARALLEL,) and _is_sharding_propagation():
+            dp = parallel_config.data_parallel
+            self.d_model = d_model
+            self.expert_dim = moe_config.expert_num
+            self.capacity_factor = moe_config.capacity_factor
+            self.training = training
+            self.dp_group = dp
+            self.noisy_policy = None
+            self.cast = P.Cast()
+            self.reshape = P.Reshape()
+            self.shape = P.Shape()
+            self.softmax = P.Softmax(axis=-1)
+            self.argmax = P.ArgMaxWithValue(axis=-1, keep_dims=False)
+            self.num_experts_chosen = moe_config.num_experts_chosen
+            self.onehot = P.OneHot()
+            self.onehot2 = P.OneHot()
+            self.onehot3 = P.OneHot()
+            self.on_value = Tensor(1.0, mstype.float32)
+            self.off_value = Tensor(0.0, mstype.float32)
+
+            self.reduce_mean = P.ReduceMean(keep_dims=False)
+            self.reduce_mean2 = P.ReduceMean(keep_dims=False)
+            self.reduce_mean3 = P.ReduceMean(keep_dims=False)
+            self.mul = P.Mul()
+            self.mul2 = P.Mul()
+            self.mul3 = P.Mul()
+            self.mul4 = P.Mul()
+            self.mul5 = P.Mul()
+            self.mul6 = P.Mul()
+            self.mul7 = P.Mul()
+            self.mul8 = P.Mul().shard(((dp, 1, 1), (dp, 1, 1)))
+            self.mul9 = P.Mul().shard(((dp, 1, 1, 1), (dp, 1, 1, 1)))
+            self.not_equal = P.NotEqual()
+            self.div1 = P.RealDiv()
+            self.div2 = P.RealDiv()
+            self.add = P.Add()
+            self.add1 = P.Add()
+            self.add2 = P.Add()
+            self.add3 = P.Add()
+            self.add4 = P.Add()
+            self.sub = P.Sub()
+
+            self.cumsum = P.CumSum(exclusive=True)
+            self.less = P.Less()
+            self.reduce_sum = P.ReduceSum(keep_dims=False)
+            self.reduce_sum_keep = P.ReduceSum(keep_dims=True)
+            self.reduce_sum_keep2 = P.ReduceSum(keep_dims=True)
+            self.expand = P.ExpandDims()
+            self.expand2 = P.ExpandDims()
+            self.add_scala = P.Add()
+            self.init_loss = Tensor(0.0, mstype.float32)
+        else:
+            dp = parallel_config.data_parallel
+            self.d_model = d_model
+            self.expert_dim = moe_config.expert_num
+            self.capacity_factor = moe_config.capacity_factor
+            self.training = training
+            self.dp_group = dp
+            self.noisy_policy = None
+            self.cast = P.Cast()
+            self.reshape = P.Reshape()
+            self.shape = P.Shape()
+            self.softmax = P.Softmax(axis=-1).shard(((dp, 1, 1,),))
+            self.argmax = P.ArgMaxWithValue(axis=-1, keep_dims=False).shard(((dp, 1, 1),))
+            self.num_experts_chosen = moe_config.num_experts_chosen
+            self.onehot = P.OneHot().shard(((dp, 1, 1), (), ()))
+            self.onehot2 = P.OneHot().shard(((dp, 1, 1), (), ()))
+            self.onehot3 = P.OneHot().shard(((dp, 1, 1, 1), (), ()))
+            self.on_value = Tensor(1.0, mstype.float32)
+            self.off_value = Tensor(0.0, mstype.float32)
+
+            self.reduce_mean = P.ReduceMean(keep_dims=False).shard(((dp, 1, 1),))
+            self.reduce_mean2 = P.ReduceMean(keep_dims=False).shard(((dp, 1, 1),))
+            self.reduce_mean3 = P.ReduceMean(keep_dims=False).shard(((dp, 1),))
+            self.mul = P.Mul().shard(((dp, 1), (dp, 1)))
+            self.mul2 = P.Mul().shard(((), ()))
+            self.mul3 = P.Mul().shard(((), ()))
+            self.mul4 = P.Mul().shard(((dp, 1, 1), (dp, 1, 1)))
+            self.mul5 = P.Mul().shard(((dp, 1, 1), (dp, 1, 1)))
+            self.mul6 = P.Mul().shard(((dp, 1), (dp, 1)))
+            self.mul7 = P.Mul().shard(((dp, 1), (dp, 1)))
+            self.mul8 = P.Mul().shard(((dp, 1, 1), (dp, 1, 1)))
+            self.mul9 = P.Mul().shard(((dp, 1, 1, 1), (dp, 1, 1, 1)))
+            self.not_equal = P.NotEqual().shard(((dp, 1, 1, 1), ()))
+            self.div1 = P.RealDiv().shard(((dp, 1, 1), (dp, 1, 1)))
+            self.div2 = P.RealDiv().shard(((dp, 1, 1, 1), (dp, 1, 1, 1)))
+            self.add = P.Add().shard(((dp, 1, 1), (dp, 1, 1)))
+            self.add1 = P.Add().shard(((dp, 1, 1), ()))
+            self.add2 = P.Add().shard(((dp, 1, 1, 1), (dp, 1, 1, 1)))
+            self.add3 = P.Add().shard(((dp, 1), (dp, 1)))
+            self.add4 = P.Add().shard(((dp, 1, 1, 1), ()))
+            self.sub = P.Sub().shard(((), (dp, 1, 1)))
+
+            self.cumsum = P.CumSum(exclusive=True).shard(((dp, 1, 1),))
+            self.less = P.Less().shard(((dp, 1, 1), ()))
+            self.reduce_sum = P.ReduceSum(keep_dims=False).shard(((dp, 1, 1),))
+            self.reduce_sum_keep = P.ReduceSum(keep_dims=True).shard(((dp, 1, 1),))
+            self.reduce_sum_keep2 = P.ReduceSum(keep_dims=True).shard(((dp, 1, 1, 1),))
+            self.expand = P.ExpandDims().shard(((dp, 1),))
+            self.expand2 = P.ExpandDims().shard(((dp, 1, 1),))
+            self.add_scala = P.Add().shard(((), ()))
+            self.init_loss = Tensor(0.0, mstype.float32)
+
+    def construct(self, router_logits):
+        router_logits_shape = self.shape(router_logits)
+        router_logits = self.reshape(router_logits, (-1, router_logits_shape[-1]))
+        logits_shape = self.shape(router_logits)
+        tokens_per_group = logits_shape[0] // self.dp_group
+        expert_capacity = calculate_expert_capacity(self.num_experts_chosen, tokens_per_group, self.capacity_factor,
+                                                    self.expert_dim)
+        router_logits = self.reshape(router_logits, (self.dp_group, tokens_per_group, self.expert_dim))
+
+        accum_expert_mask = 0
+        accum_expert_gate = 0
+        loss = self.init_loss
+        mask_count = 0
+        accum_combine_tensor = 0
+        # Probabilities for each token of what expert is should be sent to
+        router_prob = self.softmax(router_logits)
+
+        for expert_chosen_index in range(self.num_experts_chosen):
+            # for each token, set the router_prob of the selected experts to zero
+            router_prob = self.mul4(router_prob, self.sub(self.on_value, accum_expert_mask))
+            # shape is : (dp_group, tokens_per_group)
+            expert_index, expert_gate = self.argmax(router_prob)
+            # expert_mask's shape: (dp_group, tokens_per_group, self.expert_dim)
+            expert_mask = self.onehot(expert_index, self.expert_dim, self.on_value, self.off_value)
+            # renormalize the rest prob to be of sum 1
+            router_prob_normal = self.div1(router_prob, self.add1(self.reduce_sum_keep(router_prob, -1), 1e-9))
+
+            # the balance loss is computed at each routing step
+            loss = self.add_scala(loss, self._auxiliary_loss(expert_mask, router_prob_normal))
+
+            output = self._maskout_overflowed_tokens(expert_mask, expert_capacity, expert_gate,
+                                                     mask_count, expert_chosen_index)
+            expert_mask, expert_gate, expert_mask_flat, position_in_expert = output[0], output[1], output[2], output[3]
+            accum_expert_mask = self.add(accum_expert_mask, expert_mask)
+            accum_expert_gate = self.add3(accum_expert_gate, expert_gate)
+            mask_count = self.add(mask_count, self.reduce_sum_keep(expert_mask, 1))
+
+            # combine_tensor's shape: (dp_group, tokens_per_group)
+            combine_tensor = self.mul7(expert_gate, expert_mask_flat)
+            # combine_tensor's shape: (dp_group, tokens_per_group, self.expert_dim)
+            combine_tensor = self.mul8(self.expand(combine_tensor, -1),
+                                       self.onehot2(expert_index, self.expert_dim, self.on_value, self.off_value))
+            # combine_tensor's shape: (dp_group, tokens_per_group, self.expert_dim, self.expert_capacity)
+            combine_tensor = self.mul9(self.expand2(combine_tensor, -1),
+                                       self.onehot3(self.cast(position_in_expert, mstype.int32), expert_capacity,
+                                                    self.on_value, self.off_value))
+            accum_combine_tensor = self.add2(accum_combine_tensor, combine_tensor)
+
+        # expert weights normalization when k > 1
+        if self.num_experts_chosen > 1:
+            combine_tensor_sum = self.reduce_sum_keep2(self.reduce_sum_keep2(accum_combine_tensor, -1), -2)
+            accum_combine_tensor = self.div2(accum_combine_tensor, self.add4(combine_tensor_sum, 1e-9))
+        # dispatch_tensor is of boolean type. Here, using NotEqual instead of Cast, for that 'Cast to bool' has
+        # bad performance
+        dispatch_tensor = self.not_equal(accum_combine_tensor, 0.0)
+        return dispatch_tensor, accum_combine_tensor, loss
+
+    def _auxiliary_loss(self, expert_mask, router_prob):
+        """
+        Computing the load balance loss.
+        """
+        # density_1's shape: (dp_group, self.expert_dim)
+        density_1 = self.reduce_mean(expert_mask, 1)
+        # density_1_proxy's shape: (dp_group, self.expert_dim)
+        density_1_proxy = self.reduce_mean2(router_prob, 1)
+        loss = self.mul(density_1, density_1_proxy)
+        loss = self.reduce_mean3(loss)
+        loss = self.mul3(self.mul2(loss, self.expert_dim), self.expert_dim)
+        return loss
+
+    def _maskout_overflowed_tokens(self, expert_mask, expert_capacity, expert_gate, last_num, expert_chosen_index):
+        """
+        Keeping only the tokens that fit within expert_capacity.
+        """
+        cumsum = self.cumsum(expert_mask, 1)
+        if expert_chosen_index > 0:
+            cumsum = self.add(cumsum, last_num)
+        # position_in_expert's shape: (dp_group, tokens_per_group, self.expert_dim)
+        position_in_expert = self.mul4(cumsum, expert_mask)
+        less_result = self.less(position_in_expert, expert_capacity)
+        # expert_mask's shape: (dp_group, tokens_per_group, self.expert_dim)
+        expert_mask = self.mul5(less_result, expert_mask)
+        # expert_mask_flat's shape: (dp_group, tokens_per_group)
+        expert_mask_flat = self.reduce_sum(expert_mask, -1)
+
+        # Mask out the experts that have overflowed the expert_capacity.
+        # expert_gate's shape: (dp_group, tokens_per_group)
+        expert_gate = self.mul6(expert_gate, expert_mask_flat)
+        output = (expert_mask, expert_gate, expert_mask_flat, position_in_expert)
+        return output