ccxt-ir 4.3.46.0.1__py2.py3-none-any.whl

ccxt/pro/bybit.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2000 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# PLEASE DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE, IT IS GENERATED AND WILL BE OVERWRITTEN:
+# https://github.com/ccxt/ccxt/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-code
+
+import ccxt.async_support
+from ccxt.async_support.base.ws.cache import ArrayCache, ArrayCacheBySymbolById, ArrayCacheBySymbolBySide, ArrayCacheByTimestamp
+import asyncio
+import hashlib
+from ccxt.base.types import Balances, Int, Liquidation, Num, Order, OrderBook, OrderSide, OrderType, Position, Str, Strings, Ticker, Tickers, Trade
+from ccxt.async_support.base.ws.client import Client
+from typing import List
+from ccxt.base.errors import ExchangeError
+from ccxt.base.errors import AuthenticationError
+from ccxt.base.errors import ArgumentsRequired
+from ccxt.base.errors import BadRequest
+
+
+class bybit(ccxt.async_support.bybit):
+
+    def describe(self):
+        return self.deep_extend(super(bybit, self).describe(), {
+            'has': {
+                'ws': True,
+                'createOrderWs': True,
+                'editOrderWs': True,
+                'fetchOpenOrdersWs': False,
+                'fetchOrderWs': False,
+                'cancelOrderWs': True,
+                'cancelOrdersWs': False,
+                'cancelAllOrdersWs': False,
+                'fetchTradesWs': False,
+                'fetchBalanceWs': False,
+                'watchBalance': True,
+                'watchLiquidations': True,
+                'watchLiquidationsForSymbols': False,
+                'watchMyLiquidations': False,
+                'watchMyLiquidationsForSymbols': False,
+                'watchMyTrades': True,
+                'watchOHLCV': True,
+                'watchOHLCVForSymbols': False,
+                'watchOrderBook': True,
+                'watchOrderBookForSymbols': True,
+                'watchOrders': True,
+                'watchTicker': True,
+                'watchTickers': True,
+                'watchTrades': True,
+                'watchPositions': True,
+                'watchTradesForSymbols': True,
+            },
+            'urls': {
+                'api': {
+                    'ws': {
+                        'public': {
+                            'spot': 'wss://stream.{hostname}/v5/public/spot',
+                            'inverse': 'wss://stream.{hostname}/v5/public/inverse',
+                            'option': 'wss://stream.{hostname}/v5/public/option',
+                            'linear': 'wss://stream.{hostname}/v5/public/linear',
+                        },
+                        'private': {
+                            'spot': {
+                                'unified': 'wss://stream.{hostname}/v5/private',
+                                'nonUnified': 'wss://stream.{hostname}/spot/private/v3',
+                            },
+                            'contract': 'wss://stream.{hostname}/v5/private',
+                            'usdc': 'wss://stream.{hostname}/trade/option/usdc/private/v1',
+                            'trade': 'wss://stream.bybit.com/v5/trade',
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+                'test': {
+                    'ws': {
+                        'public': {
+                            'spot': 'wss://stream-testnet.{hostname}/v5/public/spot',
+                            'inverse': 'wss://stream-testnet.{hostname}/v5/public/inverse',
+                            'linear': 'wss://stream-testnet.{hostname}/v5/public/linear',
+                            'option': 'wss://stream-testnet.{hostname}/v5/public/option',
+                        },
+                        'private': {
+                            'spot': {
+                                'unified': 'wss://stream-testnet.{hostname}/v5/private',
+                                'nonUnified': 'wss://stream-testnet.{hostname}/spot/private/v3',
+                            },
+                            'contract': 'wss://stream-testnet.{hostname}/v5/private',
+                            'usdc': 'wss://stream-testnet.{hostname}/trade/option/usdc/private/v1',
+                            'trade': 'wss://stream-testnet.bybit.com/v5/trade',
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+            'options': {
+                'watchTicker': {
+                    'name': 'tickers',  # 'tickers' for 24hr statistical ticker or 'tickers_lt' for leverage token ticker
+                },
+                'watchPositions': {
+                    'fetchPositionsSnapshot': True,  # or False
+                    'awaitPositionsSnapshot': True,  # whether to wait for the positions snapshot before providing updates
+                },
+                'spot': {
+                    'timeframes': {
+                        '1m': '1m',
+                        '3m': '3m',
+                        '5m': '5m',
+                        '15m': '15m',
+                        '30m': '30m',
+                        '1h': '1h',
+                        '2h': '2h',
+                        '4h': '4h',
+                        '6h': '6h',
+                        '12h': '12h',
+                        '1d': '1d',
+                        '1w': '1w',
+                        '1M': '1M',
+                    },
+                },
+                'contract': {
+                    'timeframes': {
+                        '1m': '1',
+                        '3m': '3',
+                        '5m': '5',
+                        '15m': '15',
+                        '30m': '30',
+                        '1h': '60',
+                        '2h': '120',
+                        '4h': '240',
+                        '6h': '360',
+                        '12h': '720',
+                        '1d': 'D',
+                        '1w': 'W',
+                        '1M': 'M',
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+            'streaming': {
+                'ping': self.ping,
+                'keepAlive': 18000,
+            },
+        })
+
+    def request_id(self):
+        requestId = self.sum(self.safe_integer(self.options, 'requestId', 0), 1)
+        self.options['requestId'] = requestId
+        return requestId
+
+    def get_url_by_market_type(self, symbol: Str = None, isPrivate=False, method: Str = None, params={}):
+        accessibility = 'private' if isPrivate else 'public'
+        isUsdcSettled = None
+        isSpot = None
+        type = None
+        market = None
+        url = self.urls['api']['ws']
+        if symbol is not None:
+            market = self.market(symbol)
+            isUsdcSettled = market['settle'] == 'USDC'
+            type = market['type']
+        else:
+            type, params = self.handle_market_type_and_params(method, None, params)
+            defaultSettle = self.safe_string(self.options, 'defaultSettle')
+            defaultSettle = self.safe_string_2(params, 'settle', 'defaultSettle', defaultSettle)
+            isUsdcSettled = (defaultSettle == 'USDC')
+        isSpot = (type == 'spot')
+        if isPrivate:
+            url = url[accessibility]['usdc'] if (isUsdcSettled) else url[accessibility]['contract']
+        else:
+            if isSpot:
+                url = url[accessibility]['spot']
+            elif type == 'swap':
+                subType = None
+                subType, params = self.handle_sub_type_and_params(method, market, params, 'linear')
+                url = url[accessibility][subType]
+            else:
+                # option
+                url = url[accessibility]['option']
+        url = self.implode_hostname(url)
+        return url
+
+    def clean_params(self, params):
+        params = self.omit(params, ['type', 'subType', 'settle', 'defaultSettle', 'unifiedMargin'])
+        return params
+
+    async def create_order_ws(self, symbol: str, type: OrderType, side: OrderSide, amount: float, price: Num = None, params={}):
+        """
+        create a trade order
+        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/order/create-order
+        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/trade/guideline#createamendcancel-order
+        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to create an order in
+        :param str type: 'market' or 'limit'
+        :param str side: 'buy' or 'sell'
+        :param float amount: how much of currency you want to trade in units of base currency
+        :param float [price]: the price at which the order is to be fullfilled, in units of the quote currency, ignored in market orders
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :param str [params.timeInForce]: "GTC", "IOC", "FOK"
+        :param bool [params.postOnly]: True or False whether the order is post-only
+        :param bool [params.reduceOnly]: True or False whether the order is reduce-only
+        :param str [params.positionIdx]: *contracts only*  0 for one-way mode, 1 buy side  of hedged mode, 2 sell side of hedged mode
+        :param boolean [params.isLeverage]: *unified spot only* False then spot trading True then margin trading
+        :param str [params.tpslMode]: *contract only* 'full' or 'partial'
+        :param str [params.mmp]: *option only* market maker protection
+        :param str [params.triggerDirection]: *contract only* the direction for trigger orders, 'above' or 'below'
+        :param float [params.triggerPrice]: The price at which a trigger order is triggered at
+        :param float [params.stopLossPrice]: The price at which a stop loss order is triggered at
+        :param float [params.takeProfitPrice]: The price at which a take profit order is triggered at
+        :param dict [params.takeProfit]: *takeProfit object in params* containing the triggerPrice at which the attached take profit order will be triggered
+        :param float [params.takeProfit.triggerPrice]: take profit trigger price
+        :param dict [params.stopLoss]: *stopLoss object in params* containing the triggerPrice at which the attached stop loss order will be triggered
+        :param float [params.stopLoss.triggerPrice]: stop loss trigger price
+        :param str [params.trailingAmount]: the quote amount to trail away from the current market price
+        :param str [params.trailingTriggerPrice]: the price to trigger a trailing order, default uses the price argument
+        :returns dict: an `order structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=order-structure>`
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        orderRequest = self.create_order_request(symbol, type, side, amount, price, params, True)
+        url = self.urls['api']['ws']['private']['trade']
+        await self.authenticate(url)
+        requestId = str(self.request_id())
+        request: dict = {
+            'op': 'order.create',
+            'reqId': requestId,
+            'args': [
+                orderRequest,
+            ],
+            'header': {
+                'X-BAPI-TIMESTAMP': str(self.milliseconds()),
+                'X-BAPI-RECV-WINDOW': str(self.options['recvWindow']),
+            },
+        }
+        return await self.watch(url, requestId, request, requestId, True)
+
+    async def edit_order_ws(self, id: str, symbol: str, type: OrderType, side: OrderSide, amount: Num = None, price: Num = None, params={}):
+        """
+        edit a trade order
+        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/order/amend-order
+        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/trade/guideline#createamendcancel-order
+        :param str id: cancel order id
+        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to create an order in
+        :param str type: 'market' or 'limit'
+        :param str side: 'buy' or 'sell'
+        :param float amount: how much of currency you want to trade in units of base currency
+        :param float price: the price at which the order is to be fullfilled, in units of the base currency, ignored in market orders
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :param float [params.triggerPrice]: The price that a trigger order is triggered at
+        :param float [params.stopLossPrice]: The price that a stop loss order is triggered at
+        :param float [params.takeProfitPrice]: The price that a take profit order is triggered at
+        :param dict [params.takeProfit]: *takeProfit object in params* containing the triggerPrice that the attached take profit order will be triggered
+        :param float [params.takeProfit.triggerPrice]: take profit trigger price
+        :param dict [params.stopLoss]: *stopLoss object in params* containing the triggerPrice that the attached stop loss order will be triggered
+        :param float [params.stopLoss.triggerPrice]: stop loss trigger price
+        :param str [params.triggerBy]: 'IndexPrice', 'MarkPrice' or 'LastPrice', default is 'LastPrice', required if no initial value for triggerPrice
+        :param str [params.slTriggerBy]: 'IndexPrice', 'MarkPrice' or 'LastPrice', default is 'LastPrice', required if no initial value for stopLoss
+        :param str [params.tpTriggerby]: 'IndexPrice', 'MarkPrice' or 'LastPrice', default is 'LastPrice', required if no initial value for takeProfit
+        :returns dict: an `order structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=order-structure>`
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        orderRequest = self.edit_order_request(id, symbol, type, side, amount, price, params)
+        url = self.urls['api']['ws']['private']['trade']
+        await self.authenticate(url)
+        requestId = str(self.request_id())
+        request: dict = {
+            'op': 'order.amend',
+            'reqId': requestId,
+            'args': [
+                orderRequest,
+            ],
+            'header': {
+                'X-BAPI-TIMESTAMP': str(self.milliseconds()),
+                'X-BAPI-RECV-WINDOW': str(self.options['recvWindow']),
+            },
+        }
+        return await self.watch(url, requestId, request, requestId, True)
+
+    async def cancel_order_ws(self, id: str, symbol: Str = None, params={}):
+        """
+        cancels an open order
+        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/order/cancel-order
+        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/trade/guideline#createamendcancel-order
+        :param str id: order id
+        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market the order was made in
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :param boolean [params.stop]: *spot only* whether the order is a stop order
+        :param str [params.orderFilter]: *spot only* 'Order' or 'StopOrder' or 'tpslOrder'
+        :returns dict: An `order structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=order-structure>`
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        orderRequest = self.cancel_order_request(id, symbol, params)
+        url = self.urls['api']['ws']['private']['trade']
+        await self.authenticate(url)
+        requestId = str(self.request_id())
+        if 'orderFilter' in orderRequest:
+            del orderRequest['orderFilter']
+        request: dict = {
+            'op': 'order.cancel',
+            'reqId': requestId,
+            'args': [
+                orderRequest,
+            ],
+            'header': {
+                'X-BAPI-TIMESTAMP': str(self.milliseconds()),
+                'X-BAPI-RECV-WINDOW': str(self.options['recvWindow']),
+            },
+        }
+        return await self.watch(url, requestId, request, requestId, True)
+
+    async def watch_ticker(self, symbol: str, params={}) -> Ticker:
+        """
+        watches a price ticker, a statistical calculation with the information calculated over the past 24 hours for a specific market
+        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/public/ticker
+        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/public/etp-ticker
+        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to fetch the ticker for
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict: a `ticker structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=ticker-structure>`
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        market = self.market(symbol)
+        symbol = market['symbol']
+        messageHash = 'ticker:' + symbol
+        url = self.get_url_by_market_type(symbol, False, 'watchTicker', params)
+        params = self.clean_params(params)
+        options = self.safe_value(self.options, 'watchTicker', {})
+        topic = self.safe_string(options, 'name', 'tickers')
+        if not market['spot'] and topic != 'tickers':
+            raise BadRequest(self.id + ' watchTicker() only supports name tickers for contract markets')
+        topic += '.' + market['id']
+        topics = [topic]
+        return await self.watch_topics(url, [messageHash], topics, params)
+
+    async def watch_tickers(self, symbols: Strings = None, params={}) -> Tickers:
+        """
+        watches a price ticker, a statistical calculation with the information calculated over the past 24 hours for all markets of a specific list
+        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/public/ticker
+        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/public/etp-ticker
+        :param str[] symbols: unified symbol of the market to fetch the ticker for
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict: a `ticker structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=ticker-structure>`
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        symbols = self.market_symbols(symbols, None, False)
+        messageHashes = []
+        url = self.get_url_by_market_type(symbols[0], False, 'watchTickers', params)
+        params = self.clean_params(params)
+        options = self.safe_value(self.options, 'watchTickers', {})
+        topic = self.safe_string(options, 'name', 'tickers')
+        marketIds = self.market_ids(symbols)
+        topics = []
+        for i in range(0, len(marketIds)):
+            marketId = marketIds[i]
+            topics.append(topic + '.' + marketId)
+            messageHashes.append('ticker:' + symbols[i])
+        ticker = await self.watch_topics(url, messageHashes, topics, params)
+        if self.newUpdates:
+            result: dict = {}
+            result[ticker['symbol']] = ticker
+            return result
+        return self.filter_by_array(self.tickers, 'symbol', symbols)
+
+    def handle_ticker(self, client: Client, message):
+        #
+        # linear
+        #     {
+        #         "topic": "tickers.BTCUSDT",
+        #         "type": "snapshot",
+        #         "data": {
+        #             "symbol": "BTCUSDT",
+        #             "tickDirection": "PlusTick",
+        #             "price24hPcnt": "0.017103",
+        #             "lastPrice": "17216.00",
+        #             "prevPrice24h": "16926.50",
+        #             "highPrice24h": "17281.50",
+        #             "lowPrice24h": "16915.00",
+        #             "prevPrice1h": "17238.00",
+        #             "markPrice": "17217.33",
+        #             "indexPrice": "17227.36",
+        #             "openInterest": "68744.761",
+        #             "openInterestValue": "1183601235.91",
+        #             "turnover24h": "1570383121.943499",
+        #             "volume24h": "91705.276",
+        #             "nextFundingTime": "1673280000000",
+        #             "fundingRate": "-0.000212",
+        #             "bid1Price": "17215.50",
+        #             "bid1Size": "84.489",
+        #             "ask1Price": "17216.00",
+        #             "ask1Size": "83.020"
+        #         },
+        #         "cs": 24987956059,
+        #         "ts": 1673272861686
+        #     }
+        #
+        # option
+        #     {
+        #         "id": "tickers.BTC-6JAN23-17500-C-2480334983-1672917511074",
+        #         "topic": "tickers.BTC-6JAN23-17500-C",
+        #         "ts": 1672917511074,
+        #         "data": {
+        #             "symbol": "BTC-6JAN23-17500-C",
+        #             "bidPrice": "0",
+        #             "bidSize": "0",
+        #             "bidIv": "0",
+        #             "askPrice": "10",
+        #             "askSize": "5.1",
+        #             "askIv": "0.514",
+        #             "lastPrice": "10",
+        #             "highPrice24h": "25",
+        #             "lowPrice24h": "5",
+        #             "markPrice": "7.86976724",
+        #             "indexPrice": "16823.73",
+        #             "markPriceIv": "0.4896",
+        #             "underlyingPrice": "16815.1",
+        #             "openInterest": "49.85",
+        #             "turnover24h": "446802.8473",
+        #             "volume24h": "26.55",
+        #             "totalVolume": "86",
+        #             "totalTurnover": "1437431",
+        #             "delta": "0.047831",
+        #             "gamma": "0.00021453",
+        #             "vega": "0.81351067",
+        #             "theta": "-19.9115368",
+        #             "predictedDeliveryPrice": "0",
+        #             "change24h": "-0.33333334"
+        #         },
+        #         "type": "snapshot"
+        #     }
+        #
+        # spot
+        #     {
+        #         "topic": "tickers.BTCUSDT",
+        #         "ts": 1673853746003,
+        #         "type": "snapshot",
+        #         "cs": 2588407389,
+        #         "data": {
+        #             "symbol": "BTCUSDT",
+        #             "lastPrice": "21109.77",
+        #             "highPrice24h": "21426.99",
+        #             "lowPrice24h": "20575",
+        #             "prevPrice24h": "20704.93",
+        #             "volume24h": "6780.866843",
+        #             "turnover24h": "141946527.22907118",
+        #             "price24hPcnt": "0.0196",
+        #             "usdIndexPrice": "21120.2400136"
+        #         }
+        #     }
+        #
+        # lt ticker
+        #     {
+        #         "topic": "tickers_lt.EOS3LUSDT",
+        #         "ts": 1672325446847,
+        #         "type": "snapshot",
+        #         "data": {
+        #             "symbol": "EOS3LUSDT",
+        #             "lastPrice": "0.41477848043290448",
+        #             "highPrice24h": "0.435285472510871305",
+        #             "lowPrice24h": "0.394601507960931382",
+        #             "prevPrice24h": "0.431502290172376349",
+        #             "price24hPcnt": "-0.0388"
+        #         }
+        #     }
+        # swap delta
+        #     {
+        #         "topic":"tickers.AAVEUSDT",
+        #         "type":"delta",
+        #         "data":{
+        #            "symbol":"AAVEUSDT",
+        #            "bid1Price":"112.89",
+        #            "bid1Size":"2.12",
+        #            "ask1Price":"112.90",
+        #            "ask1Size":"5.02"
+        #         },
+        #         "cs":78039939929,
+        #         "ts":1709210212704
+        #     }
+        #
+        topic = self.safe_string(message, 'topic', '')
+        updateType = self.safe_string(message, 'type', '')
+        data = self.safe_dict(message, 'data', {})
+        isSpot = self.safe_string(data, 'usdIndexPrice') is not None
+        type = 'spot' if isSpot else 'contract'
+        symbol = None
+        parsed = None
+        if (updateType == 'snapshot'):
+            parsed = self.parse_ticker(data)
+            symbol = parsed['symbol']
+        elif updateType == 'delta':
+            topicParts = topic.split('.')
+            topicLength = len(topicParts)
+            marketId = self.safe_string(topicParts, topicLength - 1)
+            market = self.safe_market(marketId, None, None, type)
+            symbol = market['symbol']
+            # update the info in place
+            ticker = self.safe_dict(self.tickers, symbol, {})
+            rawTicker = self.safe_dict(ticker, 'info', {})
+            merged = self.extend(rawTicker, data)
+            parsed = self.parse_ticker(merged)
+        timestamp = self.safe_integer(message, 'ts')
+        parsed['timestamp'] = timestamp
+        parsed['datetime'] = self.iso8601(timestamp)
+        self.tickers[symbol] = parsed
+        messageHash = 'ticker:' + symbol
+        client.resolve(self.tickers[symbol], messageHash)
+
+    async def watch_ohlcv(self, symbol: str, timeframe='1m', since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[list]:
+        """
+        watches historical candlestick data containing the open, high, low, and close price, and the volume of a market
+        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/public/kline
+        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/public/etp-kline
+        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to fetch OHLCV data for
+        :param str timeframe: the length of time each candle represents
+        :param int [since]: timestamp in ms of the earliest candle to fetch
+        :param int [limit]: the maximum amount of candles to fetch
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns int[][]: A list of candles ordered, open, high, low, close, volume
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        market = self.market(symbol)
+        symbol = market['symbol']
+        url = self.get_url_by_market_type(symbol, False, 'watchOHLCV', params)
+        params = self.clean_params(params)
+        ohlcv = None
+        timeframeId = self.safe_string(self.timeframes, timeframe, timeframe)
+        topics = ['kline.' + timeframeId + '.' + market['id']]
+        messageHash = 'kline' + ':' + timeframeId + ':' + symbol
+        ohlcv = await self.watch_topics(url, [messageHash], topics, params)
+        if self.newUpdates:
+            limit = ohlcv.getLimit(symbol, limit)
+        return self.filter_by_since_limit(ohlcv, since, limit, 0, True)
+
+    def handle_ohlcv(self, client: Client, message):
+        #
+        #     {
+        #         "topic": "kline.5.BTCUSDT",
+        #         "data": [
+        #             {
+        #                 "start": 1672324800000,
+        #                 "end": 1672325099999,
+        #                 "interval": "5",
+        #                 "open": "16649.5",
+        #                 "close": "16677",
+        #                 "high": "16677",
+        #                 "low": "16608",
+        #                 "volume": "2.081",
+        #                 "turnover": "34666.4005",
+        #                 "confirm": False,
+        #                 "timestamp": 1672324988882
+        #             }
+        #         ],
+        #         "ts": 1672324988882,
+        #         "type": "snapshot"
+        #     }
+        #
+        data = self.safe_value(message, 'data', {})
+        topic = self.safe_string(message, 'topic')
+        topicParts = topic.split('.')
+        topicLength = len(topicParts)
+        timeframeId = self.safe_string(topicParts, 1)
+        timeframe = self.find_timeframe(timeframeId)
+        marketId = self.safe_string(topicParts, topicLength - 1)
+        isSpot = client.url.find('spot') > -1
+        marketType = 'spot' if isSpot else 'contract'
+        market = self.safe_market(marketId, None, None, marketType)
+        symbol = market['symbol']
+        ohlcvsByTimeframe = self.safe_value(self.ohlcvs, symbol)
+        if ohlcvsByTimeframe is None:
+            self.ohlcvs[symbol] = {}
+        stored = self.safe_value(ohlcvsByTimeframe, timeframe)
+        if stored is None:
+            limit = self.safe_integer(self.options, 'OHLCVLimit', 1000)
+            stored = ArrayCacheByTimestamp(limit)
+            self.ohlcvs[symbol][timeframe] = stored
+        for i in range(0, len(data)):
+            parsed = self.parse_ws_ohlcv(data[i])
+            stored.append(parsed)
+        messageHash = 'kline' + ':' + timeframeId + ':' + symbol
+        client.resolve(stored, messageHash)
+
+    def parse_ws_ohlcv(self, ohlcv, market=None) -> list:
+        #
+        #     {
+        #         "start": 1670363160000,
+        #         "end": 1670363219999,
+        #         "interval": "1",
+        #         "open": "16987.5",
+        #         "close": "16987.5",
+        #         "high": "16988",
+        #         "low": "16987.5",
+        #         "volume": "23.511",
+        #         "turnover": "399396.344",
+        #         "confirm": False,
+        #         "timestamp": 1670363219614
+        #     }
+        #
+        return [
+            self.safe_integer(ohlcv, 'start'),
+            self.safe_number(ohlcv, 'open'),
+            self.safe_number(ohlcv, 'high'),
+            self.safe_number(ohlcv, 'low'),
+            self.safe_number(ohlcv, 'close'),
+            self.safe_number_2(ohlcv, 'volume', 'turnover'),
+        ]
+
+    async def watch_order_book(self, symbol: str, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> OrderBook:
+        """
+        watches information on open orders with bid(buy) and ask(sell) prices, volumes and other data
+        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/public/orderbook
+        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to fetch the order book for
+        :param int [limit]: the maximum amount of order book entries to return.
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict: A dictionary of `order book structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=order-book-structure>` indexed by market symbols
+        """
+        return await self.watch_order_book_for_symbols([symbol], limit, params)
+
+    async def watch_order_book_for_symbols(self, symbols: List[str], limit: Int = None, params={}) -> OrderBook:
+        """
+        watches information on open orders with bid(buy) and ask(sell) prices, volumes and other data
+        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/public/orderbook
+        :param str[] symbols: unified array of symbols
+        :param int [limit]: the maximum amount of order book entries to return.
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict: A dictionary of `order book structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=order-book-structure>` indexed by market symbols
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        symbolsLength = len(symbols)
+        if symbolsLength == 0:
+            raise ArgumentsRequired(self.id + ' watchOrderBookForSymbols() requires a non-empty array of symbols')
+        symbols = self.market_symbols(symbols)
+        url = self.get_url_by_market_type(symbols[0], False, 'watchOrderBook', params)
+        params = self.clean_params(params)
+        market = self.market(symbols[0])
+        if limit is None:
+            limit = 50 if (market['spot']) else 500
+        else:
+            if not market['spot']:
+                # bybit only support limit 1, 50, 200, 500 for contract
+                if (limit != 1) and (limit != 50) and (limit != 200) and (limit != 500):
+                    raise BadRequest(self.id + ' watchOrderBookForSymbols() can only use limit 1, 50, 200 and 500.')
+        topics = []
+        messageHashes = []
+        for i in range(0, len(symbols)):
+            symbol = symbols[i]
+            marketId = self.market_id(symbol)
+            topic = 'orderbook.' + str(limit) + '.' + marketId
+            topics.append(topic)
+            messageHash = 'orderbook:' + symbol
+            messageHashes.append(messageHash)
+        orderbook = await self.watch_topics(url, messageHashes, topics, params)
+        return orderbook.limit()
+
+    def handle_order_book(self, client: Client, message):
+        #
+        #     {
+        #         "topic": "orderbook.50.BTCUSDT",
+        #         "type": "snapshot",
+        #         "ts": 1672304484978,
+        #         "data": {
+        #             "s": "BTCUSDT",
+        #             "b": [
+        #                 ...,
+        #                 [
+        #                     "16493.50",
+        #                     "0.006"
+        #                 ],
+        #                 [
+        #                     "16493.00",
+        #                     "0.100"
+        #                 ]
+        #             ],
+        #             "a": [
+        #                 [
+        #                     "16611.00",
+        #                     "0.029"
+        #                 ],
+        #                 [
+        #                     "16612.00",
+        #                     "0.213"
+        #                 ],
+        #             ],
+        #             "u": 18521288,
+        #             "seq": 7961638724
+        #         }
+        #     }
+        #
+        isSpot = client.url.find('spot') >= 0
+        type = self.safe_string(message, 'type')
+        isSnapshot = (type == 'snapshot')
+        data = self.safe_dict(message, 'data', {})
+        marketId = self.safe_string(data, 's')
+        marketType = 'spot' if isSpot else 'contract'
+        market = self.safe_market(marketId, None, None, marketType)
+        symbol = market['symbol']
+        timestamp = self.safe_integer(message, 'ts')
+        if not (symbol in self.orderbooks):
+            self.orderbooks[symbol] = self.order_book()
+        orderbook = self.orderbooks[symbol]
+        if isSnapshot:
+            snapshot = self.parse_order_book(data, symbol, timestamp, 'b', 'a')
+            orderbook.reset(snapshot)
+        else:
+            asks = self.safe_list(data, 'a', [])
+            bids = self.safe_list(data, 'b', [])
+            self.handle_deltas(orderbook['asks'], asks)
+            self.handle_deltas(orderbook['bids'], bids)
+            orderbook['timestamp'] = timestamp
+            orderbook['datetime'] = self.iso8601(timestamp)
+        messageHash = 'orderbook' + ':' + symbol
+        self.orderbooks[symbol] = orderbook
+        client.resolve(orderbook, messageHash)
+
+    def handle_delta(self, bookside, delta):
+        bidAsk = self.parse_bid_ask(delta, 0, 1)
+        bookside.storeArray(bidAsk)
+
+    def handle_deltas(self, bookside, deltas):
+        for i in range(0, len(deltas)):
+            self.handle_delta(bookside, deltas[i])
+
+    async def watch_trades(self, symbol: str, since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[Trade]:
+        """
+        watches information on multiple trades made in a market
+        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/public/trade
+        :param str symbol: unified market symbol of the market trades were made in
+        :param int [since]: the earliest time in ms to fetch trades for
+        :param int [limit]: the maximum number of trade structures to retrieve
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict[]: a list of [trade structures]{@link https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=trade-structure
+        """
+        return await self.watch_trades_for_symbols([symbol], since, limit, params)
+
+    async def watch_trades_for_symbols(self, symbols: List[str], since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[Trade]:
+        """
+        get the list of most recent trades for a list of symbols
+        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/public/trade
+        :param str[] symbols: unified symbol of the market to fetch trades for
+        :param int [since]: timestamp in ms of the earliest trade to fetch
+        :param int [limit]: the maximum amount of trades to fetch
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict[]: a list of `trade structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=public-trades>`
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        symbols = self.market_symbols(symbols)
+        symbolsLength = len(symbols)
+        if symbolsLength == 0:
+            raise ArgumentsRequired(self.id + ' watchTradesForSymbols() requires a non-empty array of symbols')
+        params = self.clean_params(params)
+        url = self.get_url_by_market_type(symbols[0], False, 'watchTrades', params)
+        topics = []
+        messageHashes = []
+        for i in range(0, len(symbols)):
+            symbol = symbols[i]
+            market = self.market(symbol)
+            topic = 'publicTrade.' + market['id']
+            topics.append(topic)
+            messageHash = 'trade:' + symbol
+            messageHashes.append(messageHash)
+        trades = await self.watch_topics(url, messageHashes, topics, params)
+        if self.newUpdates:
+            first = self.safe_value(trades, 0)
+            tradeSymbol = self.safe_string(first, 'symbol')
+            limit = trades.getLimit(tradeSymbol, limit)
+        return self.filter_by_since_limit(trades, since, limit, 'timestamp', True)
+
+    def handle_trades(self, client: Client, message):
+        #
+        #     {
+        #         "topic": "publicTrade.BTCUSDT",
+        #         "type": "snapshot",
+        #         "ts": 1672304486868,
+        #         "data": [
+        #             {
+        #                 "T": 1672304486865,
+        #                 "s": "BTCUSDT",
+        #                 "S": "Buy",
+        #                 "v": "0.001",
+        #                 "p": "16578.50",
+        #                 "L": "PlusTick",
+        #                 "i": "20f43950-d8dd-5b31-9112-a178eb6023af",
+        #                 "BT": False
+        #             }
+        #         ]
+        #     }
+        #
+        data = self.safe_value(message, 'data', {})
+        topic = self.safe_string(message, 'topic')
+        trades = data
+        parts = topic.split('.')
+        isSpot = client.url.find('spot') >= 0
+        marketType = 'spot' if (isSpot) else 'contract'
+        marketId = self.safe_string(parts, 1)
+        market = self.safe_market(marketId, None, None, marketType)
+        symbol = market['symbol']
+        stored = self.safe_value(self.trades, symbol)
+        if stored is None:
+            limit = self.safe_integer(self.options, 'tradesLimit', 1000)
+            stored = ArrayCache(limit)
+            self.trades[symbol] = stored
+        for j in range(0, len(trades)):
+            parsed = self.parse_ws_trade(trades[j], market)
+            stored.append(parsed)
+        messageHash = 'trade' + ':' + symbol
+        client.resolve(stored, messageHash)
+
+    def parse_ws_trade(self, trade, market=None):
+        #
+        # public
+        #    {
+        #         "T": 1672304486865,
+        #         "s": "BTCUSDT",
+        #         "S": "Buy",
+        #         "v": "0.001",
+        #         "p": "16578.50",
+        #         "L": "PlusTick",
+        #         "i": "20f43950-d8dd-5b31-9112-a178eb6023af",
+        #         "BT": False
+        #     }
+        #
+        # spot private
+        #     {
+        #         "e": "ticketInfo",
+        #         "E": "1662348310386",
+        #         "s": "BTCUSDT",
+        #         "q": "0.001007",
+        #         "t": "1662348310373",
+        #         "p": "19842.02",
+        #         "T": "2100000000002220938",
+        #         "o": "1238261807653647872",
+        #         "c": "spotx008",
+        #         "O": "1238225004531834368",
+        #         "a": "533287",
+        #         "A": "642908",
+        #         "m": False,
+        #         "S": "BUY"
+        #     }
+        #
+        id = self.safe_string_n(trade, ['i', 'T', 'v'])
+        isContract = ('BT' in trade)
+        marketType = 'contract' if isContract else 'spot'
+        if market is not None:
+            marketType = market['type']
+        marketId = self.safe_string(trade, 's')
+        market = self.safe_market(marketId, market, None, marketType)
+        symbol = market['symbol']
+        timestamp = self.safe_integer_2(trade, 't', 'T')
+        side = self.safe_string_lower(trade, 'S')
+        takerOrMaker = None
+        m = self.safe_value(trade, 'm')
+        if side is None:
+            side = 'buy' if m else 'sell'
+        else:
+            # spot private
+            takerOrMaker = m
+        price = self.safe_string(trade, 'p')
+        amount = self.safe_string_2(trade, 'q', 'v')
+        orderId = self.safe_string(trade, 'o')
+        return self.safe_trade({
+            'id': id,
+            'info': trade,
+            'timestamp': timestamp,
+            'datetime': self.iso8601(timestamp),
+            'symbol': symbol,
+            'order': orderId,
+            'type': None,
+            'side': side,
+            'takerOrMaker': takerOrMaker,
+            'price': price,
+            'amount': amount,
+            'cost': None,
+            'fee': None,
+        }, market)
+
+    def get_private_type(self, url):
+        if url.find('spot') >= 0:
+            return 'spot'
+        elif url.find('v5/private') >= 0:
+            return 'unified'
+        else:
+            return 'usdc'
+
+    async def watch_my_trades(self, symbol: Str = None, since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[Trade]:
+        """
+        watches information on multiple trades made by the user
+        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/private/execution
+        :param str symbol: unified market symbol of the market orders were made in
+        :param int [since]: the earliest time in ms to fetch orders for
+        :param int [limit]: the maximum number of order structures to retrieve
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :param boolean [params.unifiedMargin]: use unified margin account
+        :returns dict[]: a list of [order structures]{@link https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=order-structure
+        """
+        method = 'watchMyTrades'
+        messageHash = 'myTrades'
+        await self.load_markets()
+        if symbol is not None:
+            symbol = self.symbol(symbol)
+            messageHash += ':' + symbol
+        url = self.get_url_by_market_type(symbol, True, method, params)
+        await self.authenticate(url)
+        topicByMarket: dict = {
+            'spot': 'ticketInfo',
+            'unified': 'execution',
+            'usdc': 'user.openapi.perp.trade',
+        }
+        topic = self.safe_value(topicByMarket, self.get_private_type(url))
+        trades = await self.watch_topics(url, [messageHash], [topic], params)
+        if self.newUpdates:
+            limit = trades.getLimit(symbol, limit)
+        return self.filter_by_symbol_since_limit(trades, symbol, since, limit, True)
+
+    def handle_my_trades(self, client: Client, message):
+        #
+        # spot
+        #    {
+        #        "type": "snapshot",
+        #        "topic": "ticketInfo",
+        #        "ts": "1662348310388",
+        #        "data": [
+        #            {
+        #                "e": "ticketInfo",
+        #                "E": "1662348310386",
+        #                "s": "BTCUSDT",
+        #                "q": "0.001007",
+        #                "t": "1662348310373",
+        #                "p": "19842.02",
+        #                "T": "2100000000002220938",
+        #                "o": "1238261807653647872",
+        #                "c": "spotx008",
+        #                "O": "1238225004531834368",
+        #                "a": "533287",
+        #                "A": "642908",
+        #                "m": False,
+        #                "S": "BUY"
+        #            }
+        #        ]
+        #    }
+        # unified
+        #     {
+        #         "id": "592324803b2785-26fa-4214-9963-bdd4727f07be",
+        #         "topic": "execution",
+        #         "creationTime": 1672364174455,
+        #         "data": [
+        #             {
+        #                 "category": "linear",
+        #                 "symbol": "XRPUSDT",
+        #                 "execFee": "0.005061",
+        #                 "execId": "7e2ae69c-4edf-5800-a352-893d52b446aa",
+        #                 "execPrice": "0.3374",
+        #                 "execQty": "25",
+        #                 "execType": "Trade",
+        #                 "execValue": "8.435",
+        #                 "isMaker": False,
+        #                 "feeRate": "0.0006",
+        #                 "tradeIv": "",
+        #                 "markIv": "",
+        #                 "blockTradeId": "",
+        #                 "markPrice": "0.3391",
+        #                 "indexPrice": "",
+        #                 "underlyingPrice": "",
+        #                 "leavesQty": "0",
+        #                 "orderId": "f6e324ff-99c2-4e89-9739-3086e47f9381",
+        #                 "orderLinkId": "",
+        #                 "orderPrice": "0.3207",
+        #                 "orderQty": "25",
+        #                 "orderType": "Market",
+        #                 "stopOrderType": "UNKNOWN",
+        #                 "side": "Sell",
+        #                 "execTime": "1672364174443",
+        #                 "isLeverage": "0"
+        #             }
+        #         ]
+        #     }
+        #
+        topic = self.safe_string(message, 'topic')
+        spot = topic == 'ticketInfo'
+        data = self.safe_value(message, 'data', [])
+        if not isinstance(data, list):
+            data = self.safe_value(data, 'result', [])
+        if self.myTrades is None:
+            limit = self.safe_integer(self.options, 'tradesLimit', 1000)
+            self.myTrades = ArrayCacheBySymbolById(limit)
+        trades = self.myTrades
+        symbols: dict = {}
+        for i in range(0, len(data)):
+            rawTrade = data[i]
+            parsed = None
+            if spot:
+                parsed = self.parse_ws_trade(rawTrade)
+            else:
+                parsed = self.parse_trade(rawTrade)
+            symbol = parsed['symbol']
+            symbols[symbol] = True
+            trades.append(parsed)
+        keys = list(symbols.keys())
+        for i in range(0, len(keys)):
+            currentMessageHash = 'myTrades:' + keys[i]
+            client.resolve(trades, currentMessageHash)
+        # non-symbol specific
+        messageHash = 'myTrades'
+        client.resolve(trades, messageHash)
+
+    async def watch_positions(self, symbols: Strings = None, since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[Position]:
+        """
+        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/private/position
+        watch all open positions
+        :param str[] [symbols]: list of unified market symbols
+        :param dict params: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict[]: a list of `position structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/en/latest/manual.html#position-structure>`
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        method = 'watchPositions'
+        messageHash = ''
+        if not self.is_empty(symbols):
+            symbols = self.market_symbols(symbols)
+            messageHash = '::' + ','.join(symbols)
+        firstSymbol = self.safe_string(symbols, 0)
+        url = self.get_url_by_market_type(firstSymbol, True, method, params)
+        messageHash = 'positions' + messageHash
+        client = self.client(url)
+        await self.authenticate(url)
+        self.set_positions_cache(client, symbols)
+        cache = self.positions
+        fetchPositionsSnapshot = self.handle_option('watchPositions', 'fetchPositionsSnapshot', True)
+        awaitPositionsSnapshot = self.safe_bool('watchPositions', 'awaitPositionsSnapshot', True)
+        if fetchPositionsSnapshot and awaitPositionsSnapshot and cache is None:
+            snapshot = await client.future('fetchPositionsSnapshot')
+            return self.filter_by_symbols_since_limit(snapshot, symbols, since, limit, True)
+        topics = ['position']
+        newPositions = await self.watch_topics(url, [messageHash], topics, params)
+        if self.newUpdates:
+            return newPositions
+        return self.filter_by_symbols_since_limit(cache, symbols, since, limit, True)
+
+    def set_positions_cache(self, client: Client, symbols: Strings = None):
+        if self.positions is not None:
+            return
+        fetchPositionsSnapshot = self.handle_option('watchPositions', 'fetchPositionsSnapshot', True)
+        if fetchPositionsSnapshot:
+            messageHash = 'fetchPositionsSnapshot'
+            if not (messageHash in client.futures):
+                client.future(messageHash)
+                self.spawn(self.load_positions_snapshot, client, messageHash)
+        else:
+            self.positions = ArrayCacheBySymbolBySide()
+
+    async def load_positions_snapshot(self, client, messageHash):
+        # one ws channel gives positions for all types, for snapshot must load all positions
+        fetchFunctions = [
+            self.fetch_positions(None, {'type': 'swap', 'subType': 'linear'}),
+            self.fetch_positions(None, {'type': 'swap', 'subType': 'inverse'}),
+        ]
+        promises = await asyncio.gather(*fetchFunctions)
+        self.positions = ArrayCacheBySymbolBySide()
+        cache = self.positions
+        for i in range(0, len(promises)):
+            positions = promises[i]
+            for ii in range(0, len(positions)):
+                position = positions[ii]
+                cache.append(position)
+        # don't remove the future from the .futures cache
+        future = client.futures[messageHash]
+        future.resolve(cache)
+        client.resolve(cache, 'position')
+
+    def handle_positions(self, client, message):
+        #
+        #    {
+        #        topic: 'position',
+        #        id: '504b2671629b08e3c4f6960382a59363:3bc4028023786545:0:01',
+        #        creationTime: 1694566055295,
+        #        data: [{
+        #            bustPrice: '15.00',
+        #            category: 'inverse',
+        #            createdTime: '1670083436351',
+        #            cumRealisedPnl: '0.00011988',
+        #            entryPrice: '19358.58553268',
+        #            leverage: '10',
+        #            liqPrice: '15.00',
+        #            markPrice: '25924.00',
+        #            positionBalance: '0.0000156',
+        #            positionIdx: 0,
+        #            positionMM: '0.001',
+        #            positionIM: '0.0000015497',
+        #            positionStatus: 'Normal',
+        #            positionValue: '0.00015497',
+        #            riskId: 1,
+        #            riskLimitValue: '150',
+        #            side: 'Buy',
+        #            size: '3',
+        #            stopLoss: '0.00',
+        #            symbol: 'BTCUSD',
+        #            takeProfit: '0.00',
+        #            tpslMode: 'Full',
+        #            tradeMode: 0,
+        #            autoAddMargin: 1,
+        #            trailingStop: '0.00',
+        #            unrealisedPnl: '0.00003925',
+        #            updatedTime: '1694566055293',
+        #            adlRankIndicator: 3
+        #        }]
+        #    }
+        #
+        # each account is connected to a different endpoint
+        # and has exactly one subscriptionhash which is the account type
+        if self.positions is None:
+            self.positions = ArrayCacheBySymbolBySide()
+        cache = self.positions
+        newPositions = []
+        rawPositions = self.safe_value(message, 'data', [])
+        for i in range(0, len(rawPositions)):
+            rawPosition = rawPositions[i]
+            position = self.parse_position(rawPosition)
+            side = self.safe_string(position, 'side')
+            # hacky solution to handle closing positions
+            # without crashing, we should handle self properly later
+            newPositions.append(position)
+            if side is None or side == '':
+                # closing update, adding both sides to "reset" both sides
+                # since we don't know which side is being closed
+                position['side'] = 'long'
+                cache.append(position)
+                position['side'] = 'short'
+                cache.append(position)
+                position['side'] = None
+            else:
+                # regular update
+                cache.append(position)
+        messageHashes = self.find_message_hashes(client, 'positions::')
+        for i in range(0, len(messageHashes)):
+            messageHash = messageHashes[i]
+            parts = messageHash.split('::')
+            symbolsString = parts[1]
+            symbols = symbolsString.split(',')
+            positions = self.filter_by_array(newPositions, 'symbol', symbols, False)
+            if not self.is_empty(positions):
+                client.resolve(positions, messageHash)
+        client.resolve(newPositions, 'positions')
+
+    async def watch_liquidations(self, symbol: str, since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[Liquidation]:
+        """
+        watch the public liquidations of a trading pair
+        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/public/liquidation
+        :param str symbol: unified CCXT market symbol
+        :param int [since]: the earliest time in ms to fetch liquidations for
+        :param int [limit]: the maximum number of liquidation structures to retrieve
+        :param dict [params]: exchange specific parameters for the bitmex api endpoint
+        :returns dict: an array of `liquidation structures <https://github.com/ccxt/ccxt/wiki/Manual#liquidation-structure>`
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        market = self.market(symbol)
+        symbol = market['symbol']
+        url = self.get_url_by_market_type(symbol, False, 'watchLiquidations', params)
+        params = self.clean_params(params)
+        messageHash = 'liquidations::' + symbol
+        topic = 'liquidation.' + market['id']
+        newLiquidation = await self.watch_topics(url, [messageHash], [topic], params)
+        if self.newUpdates:
+            return [newLiquidation]
+        return self.filter_by_symbols_since_limit(self.liquidations, [symbol], since, limit, True)
+
+    def handle_liquidation(self, client: Client, message):
+        #
+        #   {
+        #       "data": {
+        #           "price": "0.03803",
+        #           "side": "Buy",
+        #           "size": "1637",
+        #           "symbol": "GALAUSDT",
+        #           "updatedTime": 1673251091822
+        #       },
+        #       "topic": "liquidation.GALAUSDT",
+        #       "ts": 1673251091822,
+        #       "type": "snapshot"
+        #   }
+        #
+        rawLiquidation = self.safe_dict(message, 'data', {})
+        marketId = self.safe_string(rawLiquidation, 'symbol')
+        market = self.safe_market(marketId, None, '', 'contract')
+        symbol = self.safe_symbol(marketId)
+        liquidation = self.parse_ws_liquidation(rawLiquidation, market)
+        liquidations = self.safe_value(self.liquidations, symbol)
+        if liquidations is None:
+            limit = self.safe_integer(self.options, 'liquidationsLimit', 1000)
+            liquidations = ArrayCache(limit)
+        liquidations.append(liquidation)
+        self.liquidations[symbol] = liquidations
+        client.resolve([liquidation], 'liquidations')
+        client.resolve([liquidation], 'liquidations::' + symbol)
+
+    def parse_ws_liquidation(self, liquidation, market=None):
+        #
+        #    {
+        #        "price": "0.03803",
+        #        "side": "Buy",
+        #        "size": "1637",
+        #        "symbol": "GALAUSDT",
+        #        "updatedTime": 1673251091822
+        #    }
+        #
+        marketId = self.safe_string(liquidation, 'symbol')
+        market = self.safe_market(marketId, market, '', 'contract')
+        timestamp = self.safe_integer(liquidation, 'updatedTime')
+        return self.safe_liquidation({
+            'info': liquidation,
+            'symbol': self.safe_symbol(marketId, market),
+            'contracts': self.safe_number(liquidation, 'size'),
+            'contractSize': self.safe_number(market, 'contractSize'),
+            'price': self.safe_number(liquidation, 'price'),
+            'baseValue': None,
+            'quoteValue': None,
+            'timestamp': timestamp,
+            'datetime': self.iso8601(timestamp),
+        })
+
+    async def watch_orders(self, symbol: Str = None, since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[Order]:
+        """
+        watches information on multiple orders made by the user
+        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/private/order
+        :param str symbol: unified market symbol of the market orders were made in
+        :param int [since]: the earliest time in ms to fetch orders for
+        :param int [limit]: the maximum number of order structures to retrieve
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict[]: a list of [order structures]{@link https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=order-structure
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        method = 'watchOrders'
+        messageHash = 'orders'
+        if symbol is not None:
+            symbol = self.symbol(symbol)
+            messageHash += ':' + symbol
+        url = self.get_url_by_market_type(symbol, True, method, params)
+        await self.authenticate(url)
+        topicsByMarket: dict = {
+            'spot': ['order', 'stopOrder'],
+            'unified': ['order'],
+            'usdc': ['user.openapi.perp.order'],
+        }
+        topics = self.safe_value(topicsByMarket, self.get_private_type(url))
+        orders = await self.watch_topics(url, [messageHash], topics, params)
+        if self.newUpdates:
+            limit = orders.getLimit(symbol, limit)
+        return self.filter_by_symbol_since_limit(orders, symbol, since, limit, True)
+
+    def handle_order_ws(self, client: Client, message):
+        #
+        #    {
+        #        "reqId":"1",
+        #        "retCode":0,
+        #        "retMsg":"OK",
+        #        "op":"order.create",
+        #        "data":{
+        #            "orderId":"1673523595617593600",
+        #            "orderLinkId":"1673523595617593601"
+        #        },
+        #        "header":{
+        #            "X-Bapi-Limit":"20",
+        #            "X-Bapi-Limit-Status":"19",
+        #            "X-Bapi-Limit-Reset-Timestamp":"1714235558880",
+        #            "Traceid":"584a06d373f2fdcb3a4dfdd81d27df11",
+        #            "Timenow":"1714235558881"
+        #        },
+        #        "connId":"cojidqec0hv9fgvhtbt0-40e"
+        #    }
+        #
+        messageHash = self.safe_string(message, 'reqId')
+        data = self.safe_dict(message, 'data')
+        order = self.parse_order(data)
+        client.resolve(order, messageHash)
+
+    def handle_order(self, client: Client, message):
+        #
+        #     spot
+        #     {
+        #         "type": "snapshot",
+        #         "topic": "order",
+        #         "ts": "1662348310441",
+        #         "data": [
+        #             {
+        #                 "e": "order",
+        #                 "E": "1662348310441",
+        #                 "s": "BTCUSDT",
+        #                 "c": "spotx008",
+        #                 "S": "BUY",
+        #                 "o": "MARKET_OF_QUOTE",
+        #                 "f": "GTC",
+        #                 "q": "20",
+        #                 "p": "0",
+        #                 "X": "CANCELED",
+        #                 "i": "1238261807653647872",
+        #                 "M": "1238225004531834368",
+        #                 "l": "0.001007",
+        #                 "z": "0.001007",
+        #                 "L": "19842.02",
+        #                 "n": "0",
+        #                 "N": "BTC",
+        #                 "u": True,
+        #                 "w": True,
+        #                 "m": False,
+        #                 "O": "1662348310368",
+        #                 "Z": "19.98091414",
+        #                 "A": "0",
+        #                 "C": False,
+        #                 "v": "0",
+        #                 "d": "NO_LIQ",
+        #                 "t": "2100000000002220938"
+        #             }
+        #         ]
+        #     }
+        # unified
+        #     {
+        #         "id": "5923240c6880ab-c59f-420b-9adb-3639adc9dd90",
+        #         "topic": "order",
+        #         "creationTime": 1672364262474,
+        #         "data": [
+        #             {
+        #                 "symbol": "ETH-30DEC22-1400-C",
+        #                 "orderId": "5cf98598-39a7-459e-97bf-76ca765ee020",
+        #                 "side": "Sell",
+        #                 "orderType": "Market",
+        #                 "cancelType": "UNKNOWN",
+        #                 "price": "72.5",
+        #                 "qty": "1",
+        #                 "orderIv": "",
+        #                 "timeInForce": "IOC",
+        #                 "orderStatus": "Filled",
+        #                 "orderLinkId": "",
+        #                 "lastPriceOnCreated": "",
+        #                 "reduceOnly": False,
+        #                 "leavesQty": "",
+        #                 "leavesValue": "",
+        #                 "cumExecQty": "1",
+        #                 "cumExecValue": "75",
+        #                 "avgPrice": "75",
+        #                 "blockTradeId": "",
+        #                 "positionIdx": 0,
+        #                 "cumExecFee": "0.358635",
+        #                 "createdTime": "1672364262444",
+        #                 "updatedTime": "1672364262457",
+        #                 "rejectReason": "EC_NoError",
+        #                 "stopOrderType": "",
+        #                 "triggerPrice": "",
+        #                 "takeProfit": "",
+        #                 "stopLoss": "",
+        #                 "tpTriggerBy": "",
+        #                 "slTriggerBy": "",
+        #                 "triggerDirection": 0,
+        #                 "triggerBy": "",
+        #                 "closeOnTrigger": False,
+        #                 "category": "option"
+        #             }
+        #         ]
+        #     }
+        #
+        if self.orders is None:
+            limit = self.safe_integer(self.options, 'ordersLimit', 1000)
+            self.orders = ArrayCacheBySymbolById(limit)
+        orders = self.orders
+        rawOrders = self.safe_value(message, 'data', [])
+        first = self.safe_value(rawOrders, 0, {})
+        category = self.safe_string(first, 'category')
+        isSpot = category == 'spot'
+        if not isSpot:
+            rawOrders = self.safe_value(rawOrders, 'result', rawOrders)
+        symbols: dict = {}
+        for i in range(0, len(rawOrders)):
+            parsed = None
+            if isSpot:
+                parsed = self.parse_ws_spot_order(rawOrders[i])
+            else:
+                parsed = self.parse_order(rawOrders[i])
+            symbol = parsed['symbol']
+            symbols[symbol] = True
+            orders.append(parsed)
+        symbolsArray = list(symbols.keys())
+        for i in range(0, len(symbolsArray)):
+            currentMessageHash = 'orders:' + symbolsArray[i]
+            client.resolve(orders, currentMessageHash)
+        messageHash = 'orders'
+        client.resolve(orders, messageHash)
+
+    def parse_ws_spot_order(self, order, market=None):
+        #
+        #    {
+        #        "e": "executionReport",
+        #        "E": "1653297251061",  # timestamp
+        #        "s": "LTCUSDT",  # symbol
+        #        "c": "1653297250740",  # user id
+        #        "S": "SELL",  # side
+        #        "o": "MARKET_OF_BASE",  # order type
+        #        "f": "GTC",  # time in force
+        #        "q": "0.16233",  # quantity
+        #        "p": "0",  # price
+        #        "X": "NEW",  # status
+        #        "i": "1162336018974750208",  # order id
+        #        "M": "0",
+        #        "l": "0",  # last filled
+        #        "z": "0",  # total filled
+        #        "L": "0",  # last traded price
+        #        "n": "0",  # trading fee
+        #        "N": '',  # fee asset
+        #        "u": True,
+        #        "w": True,
+        #        "m": False,  # is limit_maker
+        #        "O": "1653297251042",  # order creation
+        #        "Z": "0",  # total filled
+        #        "A": "0",  # account id
+        #        "C": False,  # is close
+        #        "v": "0",  # leverage
+        #        "d": "NO_LIQ"
+        #    }
+        # v5
+        #    {
+        #        "category":"spot",
+        #        "symbol":"LTCUSDT",
+        #        "orderId":"1474764674982492160",
+        #        "orderLinkId":"1690541649154749",
+        #        "blockTradeId":"",
+        #        "side":"Buy",
+        #        "positionIdx":0,
+        #        "orderStatus":"Cancelled",
+        #        "cancelType":"UNKNOWN",
+        #        "rejectReason":"EC_NoError",
+        #        "timeInForce":"GTC",
+        #        "isLeverage":"0",
+        #        "price":"0",
+        #        "qty":"5.00000",
+        #        "avgPrice":"0",
+        #        "leavesQty":"0.00000",
+        #        "leavesValue":"5.0000000",
+        #        "cumExecQty":"0.00000",
+        #        "cumExecValue":"0.0000000",
+        #        "cumExecFee":"",
+        #        "orderType":"Market",
+        #        "stopOrderType":"",
+        #        "orderIv":"",
+        #        "triggerPrice":"0.000",
+        #        "takeProfit":"",
+        #        "stopLoss":"",
+        #        "triggerBy":"",
+        #        "tpTriggerBy":"",
+        #        "slTriggerBy":"",
+        #        "triggerDirection":0,
+        #        "placeType":"",
+        #        "lastPriceOnCreated":"0.000",
+        #        "closeOnTrigger":false,
+        #        "reduceOnly":false,
+        #        "smpGroup":0,
+        #        "smpType":"None",
+        #        "smpOrderId":"",
+        #        "createdTime":"1690541649160",
+        #        "updatedTime":"1690541649168"
+        #     }
+        #
+        id = self.safe_string_2(order, 'i', 'orderId')
+        marketId = self.safe_string_2(order, 's', 'symbol')
+        symbol = self.safe_symbol(marketId, market, None, 'spot')
+        timestamp = self.safe_integer_2(order, 'O', 'createdTime')
+        price = self.safe_string_2(order, 'p', 'price')
+        if price == '0':
+            price = None  # market orders
+        filled = self.safe_string_2(order, 'z', 'cumExecQty')
+        status = self.parse_order_status(self.safe_string_2(order, 'X', 'orderStatus'))
+        side = self.safe_string_lower_2(order, 'S', 'side')
+        lastTradeTimestamp = self.safe_string_2(order, 'E', 'updatedTime')
+        timeInForce = self.safe_string_2(order, 'f', 'timeInForce')
+        amount = None
+        cost = self.safe_string_2(order, 'Z', 'cumExecValue')
+        type = self.safe_string_lower_2(order, 'o', 'orderType')
+        if (type is not None) and (type.find('market') >= 0):
+            type = 'market'
+        if type == 'market' and side == 'buy':
+            amount = filled
+        else:
+            amount = self.safe_string_2(order, 'orderQty', 'qty')
+        fee = None
+        feeCost = self.safe_string_2(order, 'n', 'cumExecFee')
+        if feeCost is not None and feeCost != '0':
+            feeCurrencyId = self.safe_string(order, 'N')
+            feeCurrencyCode = self.safe_currency_code(feeCurrencyId)
+            fee = {
+                'cost': feeCost,
+                'currency': feeCurrencyCode,
+            }
+        triggerPrice = self.omit_zero(self.safe_string(order, 'triggerPrice'))
+        return self.safe_order({
+            'info': order,
+            'id': id,
+            'clientOrderId': self.safe_string_2(order, 'c', 'orderLinkId'),
+            'timestamp': timestamp,
+            'datetime': self.iso8601(timestamp),
+            'lastTradeTimestamp': lastTradeTimestamp,
+            'symbol': symbol,
+            'type': type,
+            'timeInForce': timeInForce,
+            'postOnly': None,
+            'side': side,
+            'price': price,
+            'stopPrice': triggerPrice,
+            'triggerPrice': triggerPrice,
+            'takeProfitPrice': self.safe_string(order, 'takeProfit'),
+            'stopLossPrice': self.safe_string(order, 'stopLoss'),
+            'reduceOnly': self.safe_value(order, 'reduceOnly'),
+            'amount': amount,
+            'cost': cost,
+            'average': self.safe_string(order, 'avgPrice'),
+            'filled': filled,
+            'remaining': None,
+            'status': status,
+            'fee': fee,
+        }, market)
+
+    async def watch_balance(self, params={}) -> Balances:
+        """
+        watch balance and get the amount of funds available for trading or funds locked in orders
+        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/private/wallet
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict: a `balance structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=balance-structure>`
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        method = 'watchBalance'
+        messageHash = 'balances'
+        type = None
+        type, params = self.handle_market_type_and_params('watchBalance', None, params)
+        subType = None
+        subType, params = self.handle_sub_type_and_params('watchBalance', None, params)
+        unified = await self.isUnifiedEnabled()
+        isUnifiedMargin = self.safe_bool(unified, 0, False)
+        isUnifiedAccount = self.safe_bool(unified, 1, False)
+        url = self.get_url_by_market_type(None, True, method, params)
+        await self.authenticate(url)
+        topicByMarket: dict = {
+            'spot': 'outboundAccountInfo',
+            'unified': 'wallet',
+        }
+        if isUnifiedAccount:
+            # unified account
+            if subType == 'inverse':
+                messageHash += ':contract'
+            else:
+                messageHash += ':unified'
+        if not isUnifiedMargin and not isUnifiedAccount:
+            # normal account using v5
+            if type == 'spot':
+                messageHash += ':spot'
+            else:
+                messageHash += ':contract'
+        if isUnifiedMargin:
+            # unified margin account using v5
+            if type == 'spot':
+                messageHash += ':spot'
+            else:
+                if subType == 'linear':
+                    messageHash += ':unified'
+                else:
+                    messageHash += ':contract'
+        topics = [self.safe_value(topicByMarket, self.get_private_type(url))]
+        return await self.watch_topics(url, [messageHash], topics, params)
+
+    def handle_balance(self, client: Client, message):
+        #
+        # spot
+        #    {
+        #        "type": "snapshot",
+        #        "topic": "outboundAccountInfo",
+        #        "ts": "1662107217641",
+        #        "data": [
+        #            {
+        #                "e": "outboundAccountInfo",
+        #                "E": "1662107217640",
+        #                "T": True,
+        #                "W": True,
+        #                "D": True,
+        #                "B": [
+        #                    {
+        #                        "a": "USDT",
+        #                        "f": "176.81254174",
+        #                        "l": "201.575"
+        #                    }
+        #                ]
+        #            }
+        #        ]
+        #    }
+        # unified
+        #     {
+        #         "id": "5923242c464be9-25ca-483d-a743-c60101fc656f",
+        #         "topic": "wallet",
+        #         "creationTime": 1672364262482,
+        #         "data": [
+        #             {
+        #                 "accountIMRate": "0.016",
+        #                 "accountMMRate": "0.003",
+        #                 "totalEquity": "12837.78330098",
+        #                 "totalWalletBalance": "12840.4045924",
+        #                 "totalMarginBalance": "12837.78330188",
+        #                 "totalAvailableBalance": "12632.05767702",
+        #                 "totalPerpUPL": "-2.62129051",
+        #                 "totalInitialMargin": "205.72562486",
+        #                 "totalMaintenanceMargin": "39.42876721",
+        #                 "coin": [
+        #                     {
+        #                         "coin": "USDC",
+        #                         "equity": "200.62572554",
+        #                         "usdValue": "200.62572554",
+        #                         "walletBalance": "201.34882644",
+        #                         "availableToWithdraw": "0",
+        #                         "availableToBorrow": "1500000",
+        #                         "borrowAmount": "0",
+        #                         "accruedInterest": "0",
+        #                         "totalOrderIM": "0",
+        #                         "totalPositionIM": "202.99874213",
+        #                         "totalPositionMM": "39.14289747",
+        #                         "unrealisedPnl": "74.2768991",
+        #                         "cumRealisedPnl": "-209.1544627",
+        #                         "bonus": "0"
+        #                     },
+        #                     {
+        #                         "coin": "BTC",
+        #                         "equity": "0.06488393",
+        #                         "usdValue": "1023.08402268",
+        #                         "walletBalance": "0.06488393",
+        #                         "availableToWithdraw": "0.06488393",
+        #                         "availableToBorrow": "2.5",
+        #                         "borrowAmount": "0",
+        #                         "accruedInterest": "0",
+        #                         "totalOrderIM": "0",
+        #                         "totalPositionIM": "0",
+        #                         "totalPositionMM": "0",
+        #                         "unrealisedPnl": "0",
+        #                         "cumRealisedPnl": "0",
+        #                         "bonus": "0"
+        #                     },
+        #                     {
+        #                         "coin": "ETH",
+        #                         "equity": "0",
+        #                         "usdValue": "0",
+        #                         "walletBalance": "0",
+        #                         "availableToWithdraw": "0",
+        #                         "availableToBorrow": "26",
+        #                         "borrowAmount": "0",
+        #                         "accruedInterest": "0",
+        #                         "totalOrderIM": "0",
+        #                         "totalPositionIM": "0",
+        #                         "totalPositionMM": "0",
+        #                         "unrealisedPnl": "0",
+        #                         "cumRealisedPnl": "0",
+        #                         "bonus": "0"
+        #                     },
+        #                     {
+        #                         "coin": "USDT",
+        #                         "equity": "11726.64664904",
+        #                         "usdValue": "11613.58597018",
+        #                         "walletBalance": "11728.54414904",
+        #                         "availableToWithdraw": "11723.92075829",
+        #                         "availableToBorrow": "2500000",
+        #                         "borrowAmount": "0",
+        #                         "accruedInterest": "0",
+        #                         "totalOrderIM": "0",
+        #                         "totalPositionIM": "2.72589075",
+        #                         "totalPositionMM": "0.28576575",
+        #                         "unrealisedPnl": "-1.8975",
+        #                         "cumRealisedPnl": "0.64782276",
+        #                         "bonus": "0"
+        #                     },
+        #                     {
+        #                         "coin": "EOS3L",
+        #                         "equity": "215.0570412",
+        #                         "usdValue": "0",
+        #                         "walletBalance": "215.0570412",
+        #                         "availableToWithdraw": "215.0570412",
+        #                         "availableToBorrow": "0",
+        #                         "borrowAmount": "0",
+        #                         "accruedInterest": "",
+        #                         "totalOrderIM": "0",
+        #                         "totalPositionIM": "0",
+        #                         "totalPositionMM": "0",
+        #                         "unrealisedPnl": "0",
+        #                         "cumRealisedPnl": "0",
+        #                         "bonus": "0"
+        #                     },
+        #                     {
+        #                         "coin": "BIT",
+        #                         "equity": "1.82",
+        #                         "usdValue": "0.48758257",
+        #                         "walletBalance": "1.82",
+        #                         "availableToWithdraw": "1.82",
+        #                         "availableToBorrow": "0",
+        #                         "borrowAmount": "0",
+        #                         "accruedInterest": "",
+        #                         "totalOrderIM": "0",
+        #                         "totalPositionIM": "0",
+        #                         "totalPositionMM": "0",
+        #                         "unrealisedPnl": "0",
+        #                         "cumRealisedPnl": "0",
+        #                         "bonus": "0"
+        #                     }
+        #                 ],
+        #                 "accountType": "UNIFIED"
+        #             }
+        #         ]
+        #     }
+        #
+        if self.balance is None:
+            self.balance = {}
+        messageHash = 'balance'
+        topic = self.safe_value(message, 'topic')
+        info = None
+        rawBalances = []
+        account = None
+        if topic == 'outboundAccountInfo':
+            account = 'spot'
+            data = self.safe_value(message, 'data', [])
+            for i in range(0, len(data)):
+                B = self.safe_value(data[i], 'B', [])
+                rawBalances = self.array_concat(rawBalances, B)
+            info = rawBalances
+        if topic == 'wallet':
+            data = self.safe_value(message, 'data', {})
+            for i in range(0, len(data)):
+                result = self.safe_value(data, 0, {})
+                account = self.safe_string_lower(result, 'accountType')
+                rawBalances = self.array_concat(rawBalances, self.safe_value(result, 'coin', []))
+            info = data
+        for i in range(0, len(rawBalances)):
+            self.parse_ws_balance(rawBalances[i], account)
+        if account is not None:
+            if self.safe_value(self.balance, account) is None:
+                self.balance[account] = {}
+            self.balance[account]['info'] = info
+            timestamp = self.safe_integer(message, 'ts')
+            self.balance[account]['timestamp'] = timestamp
+            self.balance[account]['datetime'] = self.iso8601(timestamp)
+            self.balance[account] = self.safe_balance(self.balance[account])
+            messageHash = 'balances:' + account
+            client.resolve(self.balance[account], messageHash)
+        else:
+            self.balance['info'] = info
+            timestamp = self.safe_integer(message, 'ts')
+            self.balance['timestamp'] = timestamp
+            self.balance['datetime'] = self.iso8601(timestamp)
+            self.balance = self.safe_balance(self.balance)
+            messageHash = 'balances'
+            client.resolve(self.balance, messageHash)
+
+    def parse_ws_balance(self, balance, accountType=None):
+        #
+        # spot
+        #    {
+        #        "a": "USDT",
+        #        "f": "176.81254174",
+        #        "l": "201.575"
+        #    }
+        # unified
+        #     {
+        #         "coin": "BTC",
+        #         "equity": "0.06488393",
+        #         "usdValue": "1023.08402268",
+        #         "walletBalance": "0.06488393",
+        #         "availableToWithdraw": "0.06488393",
+        #         "availableToBorrow": "2.5",
+        #         "borrowAmount": "0",
+        #         "accruedInterest": "0",
+        #         "totalOrderIM": "0",
+        #         "totalPositionIM": "0",
+        #         "totalPositionMM": "0",
+        #         "unrealisedPnl": "0",
+        #         "cumRealisedPnl": "0",
+        #         "bonus": "0"
+        #     }
+        #
+        account = self.account()
+        currencyId = self.safe_string_2(balance, 'a', 'coin')
+        code = self.safe_currency_code(currencyId)
+        account['free'] = self.safe_string_n(balance, ['availableToWithdraw', 'f', 'free', 'availableToWithdraw'])
+        account['used'] = self.safe_string_2(balance, 'l', 'locked')
+        account['total'] = self.safe_string(balance, 'walletBalance')
+        if accountType is not None:
+            if self.safe_value(self.balance, accountType) is None:
+                self.balance[accountType] = {}
+            self.balance[accountType][code] = account
+        else:
+            self.balance[code] = account
+
+    async def watch_topics(self, url, messageHashes, topics, params={}):
+        request: dict = {
+            'op': 'subscribe',
+            'req_id': self.request_id(),
+            'args': topics,
+        }
+        message = self.extend(request, params)
+        return await self.watch_multiple(url, messageHashes, message, topics)
+
+    async def authenticate(self, url, params={}):
+        self.check_required_credentials()
+        messageHash = 'authenticated'
+        client = self.client(url)
+        future = client.future(messageHash)
+        authenticated = self.safe_value(client.subscriptions, messageHash)
+        if authenticated is None:
+            expiresInt = self.milliseconds() + 10000
+            expires = self.number_to_string(expiresInt)
+            path = 'GET/realtime'
+            auth = path + expires
+            signature = self.hmac(self.encode(auth), self.encode(self.secret), hashlib.sha256, 'hex')
+            request: dict = {
+                'op': 'auth',
+                'args': [
+                    self.apiKey, expires, signature,
+                ],
+            }
+            message = self.extend(request, params)
+            self.watch(url, messageHash, message, messageHash)
+        return await future
+
+    def handle_error_message(self, client: Client, message):
+        #
+        #   {
+        #       "success": False,
+        #       "ret_msg": "error:invalid op",
+        #       "conn_id": "5e079fdd-9c7f-404d-9dbf-969d650838b5",
+        #       "request": {op: '', args: null}
+        #   }
+        #
+        # auth error
+        #
+        #   {
+        #       "success": False,
+        #       "ret_msg": "error:USVC1111",
+        #       "conn_id": "e73770fb-a0dc-45bd-8028-140e20958090",
+        #       "request": {
+        #         "op": "auth",
+        #         "args": [
+        #           "9rFT6uR4uz9Imkw4Wx",
+        #           "1653405853543",
+        #           "542e71bd85597b4db0290f0ce2d13ed1fd4bb5df3188716c1e9cc69a879f7889"
+        #         ]
+        #   }
+        #
+        #   {code: '-10009', desc: "Invalid period!"}
+        #
+        #   {
+        #       "reqId":"1",
+        #       "retCode":170131,
+        #       "retMsg":"Insufficient balance.",
+        #       "op":"order.create",
+        #       "data":{
+        #
+        #       },
+        #       "header":{
+        #           "X-Bapi-Limit":"20",
+        #           "X-Bapi-Limit-Status":"19",
+        #           "X-Bapi-Limit-Reset-Timestamp":"1714236608944",
+        #           "Traceid":"3d7168a137bf32a947b7e5e6a575ac7f",
+        #           "Timenow":"1714236608946"
+        #       },
+        #       "connId":"cojifin88smerbj9t560-406"
+        #   }
+        #
+        code = self.safe_string_n(message, ['code', 'ret_code', 'retCode'])
+        try:
+            if code is not None and code != '0':
+                feedback = self.id + ' ' + self.json(message)
+                self.throw_exactly_matched_exception(self.exceptions['exact'], code, feedback)
+                msg = self.safe_string_2(message, 'retMsg', 'ret_msg')
+                self.throw_broadly_matched_exception(self.exceptions['broad'], msg, feedback)
+                raise ExchangeError(feedback)
+            success = self.safe_value(message, 'success')
+            if success is not None and not success:
+                ret_msg = self.safe_string(message, 'ret_msg')
+                request = self.safe_value(message, 'request', {})
+                op = self.safe_string(request, 'op')
+                if op == 'auth':
+                    raise AuthenticationError('Authentication failed: ' + ret_msg)
+                else:
+                    raise ExchangeError(self.id + ' ' + ret_msg)
+            return False
+        except Exception as error:
+            if isinstance(error, AuthenticationError):
+                messageHash = 'authenticated'
+                client.reject(error, messageHash)
+                if messageHash in client.subscriptions:
+                    del client.subscriptions[messageHash]
+            else:
+                messageHash = self.safe_string(message, 'reqId')
+                client.reject(error, messageHash)
+            return True
+
+    def handle_message(self, client: Client, message):
+        if self.handle_error_message(client, message):
+            return
+        # contract pong
+        ret_msg = self.safe_string(message, 'ret_msg')
+        if ret_msg == 'pong':
+            self.handle_pong(client, message)
+            return
+        # spot pong
+        pong = self.safe_integer(message, 'pong')
+        if pong is not None:
+            self.handle_pong(client, message)
+            return
+        # pong
+        event = self.safe_string(message, 'event')
+        if event == 'sub':
+            self.handle_subscription_status(client, message)
+            return
+        topic = self.safe_string_2(message, 'topic', 'op')
+        methods: dict = {
+            'orderbook': self.handle_order_book,
+            'kline': self.handle_ohlcv,
+            'order': self.handle_order,
+            'stopOrder': self.handle_order,
+            'ticker': self.handle_ticker,
+            'trade': self.handle_trades,
+            'publicTrade': self.handle_trades,
+            'depth': self.handle_order_book,
+            'wallet': self.handle_balance,
+            'outboundAccountInfo': self.handle_balance,
+            'execution': self.handle_my_trades,
+            'ticketInfo': self.handle_my_trades,
+            'user.openapi.perp.trade': self.handle_my_trades,
+            'position': self.handle_positions,
+            'liquidation': self.handle_liquidation,
+            'pong': self.handle_pong,
+            'order.create': self.handle_order_ws,
+            'order.amend': self.handle_order_ws,
+            'order.cancel': self.handle_order_ws,
+            'auth': self.handle_authenticate,
+        }
+        exacMethod = self.safe_value(methods, topic)
+        if exacMethod is not None:
+            exacMethod(client, message)
+            return
+        keys = list(methods.keys())
+        for i in range(0, len(keys)):
+            key = keys[i]
+            if topic.find(keys[i]) >= 0:
+                method = methods[key]
+                method(client, message)
+                return
+        # unified auth acknowledgement
+        type = self.safe_string(message, 'type')
+        if type == 'AUTH_RESP':
+            self.handle_authenticate(client, message)
+
+    def ping(self, client):
+        return {
+            'req_id': self.request_id(),
+            'op': 'ping',
+        }
+
+    def handle_pong(self, client: Client, message):
+        #
+        #   {
+        #       "success": True,
+        #       "ret_msg": "pong",
+        #       "conn_id": "db3158a0-8960-44b9-a9de-ac350ee13158",
+        #       "request": {op: "ping", args: null}
+        #   }
+        #
+        #   {pong: 1653296711335}
+        #
+        client.lastPong = self.safe_integer(message, 'pong')
+        return message
+
+    def handle_authenticate(self, client: Client, message):
+        #
+        #    {
+        #        "success": True,
+        #        "ret_msg": '',
+        #        "op": "auth",
+        #        "conn_id": "ce3dpomvha7dha97tvp0-2xh"
+        #    }
+        #
+        #    {
+        #        "retCode":0,
+        #        "retMsg":"OK",
+        #        "op":"auth",
+        #        "connId":"cojifin88smerbj9t560-404"
+        #    }
+        #
+        success = self.safe_value(message, 'success')
+        code = self.safe_integer(message, 'retCode')
+        messageHash = 'authenticated'
+        if success or code == 0:
+            future = self.safe_value(client.futures, messageHash)
+            future.resolve(True)
+        else:
+            error = AuthenticationError(self.id + ' ' + self.json(message))
+            client.reject(error, messageHash)
+            if messageHash in client.subscriptions:
+                del client.subscriptions[messageHash]
+        return message
+
+    def handle_subscription_status(self, client: Client, message):
+        #
+        #    {
+        #        "topic": "kline",
+        #        "event": "sub",
+        #        "params": {
+        #          "symbol": "LTCUSDT",
+        #          "binary": "false",
+        #          "klineType": "1m",
+        #          "symbolName": "LTCUSDT"
+        #        },
+        #        "code": "0",
+        #        "msg": "Success"
+        #    }
+        #
+        return message