webserial-flasher 1.0.0

package/dist/protocol/avr109/programmer.js

@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
+// AVR109 / Caterina programmer.
+// Used by Arduino Leonardo, Micro, SparkFun Pro Micro, Esplora, LilyPad USB.
+//
+// The AVR109 protocol (also called "butterfly" or "Caterina" protocol) uses
+// single-byte ASCII commands — completely different from STK500v1/v2.
+//
+// Entry: the board must already be in bootloader mode.
+//   - For CDC USB boards (Leonardo/Micro): perform 1200-baud touch reset first,
+//     wait for re-enumeration, then open the new port and construct this class.
+//   - For serial-only boards: DTR/RTS toggle is sufficient.
+//
+// Reference: Atmel Application Note AVR109 (doc2541)
+import { STK500ProtocolError, STK500TimeoutError, STK500SyncError, STK500SignatureMismatchError, STK500VerifyError, STK500InvalidHexError, } from '../../core/errors.js';
+import { parseIntelHex } from '../hexParser.js';
+function sleep(ms) {
+    return new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, ms));
+}
+/** Receive exactly `count` bytes, or reject with STK500TimeoutError */
+function receiveBytes(transport, count, timeoutMs) {
+    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+        let settled = false;
+        const chunks = [];
+        let total = 0;
+        const timer = setTimeout(() => {
+            if (settled)
+                return;
+            settled = true;
+            transport.off('data', onData);
+            reject(new STK500TimeoutError(timeoutMs, 'AVR109 response'));
+        }, timeoutMs);
+        const finish = (err, data) => {
+            if (settled)
+                return;
+            settled = true;
+            clearTimeout(timer);
+            transport.off('data', onData);
+            if (err)
+                reject(err);
+            else
+                resolve(data);
+        };
+        const onData = (chunk) => {
+            if (settled)
+                return;
+            chunks.push(chunk.slice());
+            total += chunk.length;
+            if (total >= count) {
+                const buf = new Uint8Array(total);
+                let off = 0;
+                for (const c of chunks) {
+                    buf.set(c, off);
+                    off += c.length;
+                }
+                finish(undefined, buf.subarray(0, count));
+            }
+        };
+        transport.on('data', onData);
+    });
+}
+// CR (0x0D) is the acknowledge byte for most AVR109 commands
+const CR = 0x0D;
+export class AVR109 {
+    constructor(transport, board, opts = {}) {
+        this.transport = transport;
+        this.board = board;
+        if (opts.quiet) {
+            this.log = () => { };
+        }
+        else if (opts.logger) {
+            this.log = opts.logger;
+        }
+        else {
+            this.log = (level, msg) => {
+                /* istanbul ignore next */
+                if (typeof console !== 'undefined') {
+                    console.log(`[avr109] [${level}] ${msg}`);
+                }
+            };
+        }
+    }
+    // ── Low-level helpers ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    async write(bytes) {
+        await this.transport.write(new Uint8Array(bytes));
+    }
+    /** Send command bytes and assert the response is CR (0x0D) */
+    async writeCR(bytes) {
+        await this.write(bytes);
+        const resp = await receiveBytes(this.transport, 1, this.board.timeout);
+        if (resp[0] !== CR) {
+            throw new STK500ProtocolError(`AVR109: expected CR (0x0D), ` +
+                `got 0x${resp[0].toString(16).padStart(2, '0')}`);
+        }
+    }
+    // ── Identification ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    /**
+     * Read the software identifier (7 bytes, e.g. "CATERIN" for Caterina).
+     * Useful for probing whether the bootloader is running.
+     */
+    async getSoftwareId() {
+        this.log('debug', 'getSoftwareId');
+        await this.write([0x53]); // 'S'
+        const bytes = await receiveBytes(this.transport, 7, this.board.timeout);
+        return String.fromCharCode(...bytes);
+    }
+    /** Attempt to get the software ID, retry up to `attempts` times */
+    async sync(attempts) {
+        this.log('debug', `sync (max ${attempts} attempts)`);
+        for (let i = 1; i <= attempts; i++) {
+            try {
+                const id = await this.getSoftwareId();
+                this.log('debug', `sync OK on attempt ${i}: "${id}"`);
+                return;
+            }
+            catch (err) {
+                this.log('debug', `sync attempt ${i}/${attempts} failed: ` +
+                    `${err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)}`);
+                if (i < attempts)
+                    await sleep(200);
+            }
+        }
+        throw new STK500SyncError(attempts);
+    }
+    // ── Signature ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    /**
+     * Read 3-byte device signature (MSB first).
+     * Caterina returns: [sig_byte_2, sig_byte_1, sig_byte_0]
+     */
+    async getSignature() {
+        this.log('debug', 'getSignature');
+        await this.write([0x73]); // 's'
+        const raw = await receiveBytes(this.transport, 3, this.board.timeout);
+        // AVR109 returns signature MSB first; reverse to match board.signature order
+        return new Uint8Array([raw[2], raw[1], raw[0]]);
+    }
+    async verifySignature() {
+        const actual = await this.getSignature();
+        const expected = this.board.signature;
+        if (!actual.every((b, i) => b === expected[i])) {
+            throw new STK500SignatureMismatchError(expected, actual);
+        }
+        const fmt = (b) => Array.from(b).map((x) => `0x${x.toString(16).padStart(2, '0')}`).join(', ');
+        this.log('info', `signature verified: [${fmt(actual)}]`);
+    }
+    // ── Programming mode ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    async enterProgMode() {
+        this.log('debug', 'enterProgMode');
+        await this.writeCR([0x50]); // 'P'
+    }
+    async leaveProgMode() {
+        this.log('debug', 'leaveProgMode');
+        await this.writeCR([0x45]); // 'E'
+    }
+    // ── Erase ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    async chipErase() {
+        this.log('info', 'chipErase');
+        await this.writeCR([0x65]); // 'e'
+    }
+    // ── Address ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    /**
+     * Set the current word address (auto-increment applies to subsequent reads/writes).
+     * @param wordAddr  Flash word address (= byte_address / 2)
+     */
+    async setAddress(wordAddr) {
+        await this.writeCR([
+            0x41, // 'A'
+            (wordAddr >> 8) & 0xFF,
+            wordAddr & 0xFF,
+        ]);
+    }
+    // ── Block write / read ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    /**
+     * Write a block to flash ('F') or EEPROM ('E').
+     * @param memType  'F' for flash, 'E' for EEPROM
+     * @param data     Block data (size ≤ board.pageSize)
+     */
+    async writeBlock(memType, data) {
+        const size = data.length;
+        const body = new Uint8Array(4 + size);
+        body[0] = 0x42; // 'B'
+        body[1] = (size >> 8) & 0xFF;
+        body[2] = size & 0xFF;
+        body[3] = memType === 'F' ? 0x46 : 0x45; // 'F' or 'E'
+        body.set(data, 4);
+        await this.transport.write(body);
+        const resp = await receiveBytes(this.transport, 1, this.board.timeout);
+        if (resp[0] !== CR) {
+            throw new STK500ProtocolError(`AVR109: block write failed — ` +
+                `got 0x${resp[0].toString(16).padStart(2, '0')}`);
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * Read a block from flash ('F') or EEPROM ('E').
+     * Address must be set with setAddress() first.
+     * @param memType  'F' for flash, 'E' for EEPROM
+     * @param size     Number of bytes to read
+     */
+    async readBlock(memType, size) {
+        await this.write([
+            0x67, // 'g'
+            (size >> 8) & 0xFF,
+            size & 0xFF,
+            memType === 'F' ? 0x46 : 0x45,
+        ]);
+        return receiveBytes(this.transport, size, this.board.timeout);
+    }
+    // ── Fuse read (Phase C) ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    /**
+     * Read the low fuse byte.
+     * Caterina command: 'F' (0x46) → 1 byte response
+     */
+    async readLowFuse() {
+        await this.write([0x46]); // 'F'
+        const resp = await receiveBytes(this.transport, 1, this.board.timeout);
+        return resp[0];
+    }
+    /**
+     * Read the high fuse byte.
+     * Caterina command: 'N' (0x4E) → 1 byte response
+     */
+    async readHighFuse() {
+        await this.write([0x4E]); // 'N'
+        const resp = await receiveBytes(this.transport, 1, this.board.timeout);
+        return resp[0];
+    }
+    /**
+     * Read the lock bits.
+     * Caterina command: 'r' (0x72) → 1 byte response
+     */
+    async readLockBits() {
+        await this.write([0x72]); // 'r'
+        const resp = await receiveBytes(this.transport, 1, this.board.timeout);
+        return resp[0];
+    }
+    /**
+     * Read available fuse bytes: low, high, and lock bits.
+     * Extended fuse is not accessible via AVR109.
+     */
+    async readFuses() {
+        const low = await this.readLowFuse();
+        const high = await this.readHighFuse();
+        const lock = await this.readLockBits();
+        this.log('info', `fuses: low=0x${low.toString(16)} high=0x${high.toString(16)} lock=0x${lock.toString(16)}`);
+        return { low, high, lock };
+    }
+    // ── Upload / Verify ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    async upload(hexData, progressCallback) {
+        const { data: hex, byteCount } = parseIntelHex(hexData);
+        this.log('info', `upload: ${byteCount} bytes`);
+        // Phase G: HEX size validation
+        if (this.board.flashSize && byteCount > this.board.flashSize) {
+            throw new STK500InvalidHexError(`HEX too large: ${byteCount} bytes exceeds flash size ${this.board.flashSize} bytes`);
+        }
+        const blockSize = this.board.pageSize; // 128 for ATmega32U4
+        let pageaddr = 0;
+        while (pageaddr < hex.length) {
+            const wordAddr = pageaddr >> 1;
+            const chunkSize = Math.min(blockSize, hex.length - pageaddr);
+            const chunk = hex.subarray(pageaddr, pageaddr + chunkSize);
+            await this.setAddress(wordAddr);
+            await this.writeBlock('F', chunk);
+            pageaddr += chunkSize;
+            progressCallback?.((pageaddr / hex.length) * 100);
+        }
+        this.log('info', 'upload complete');
+    }
+    async verify(hexData, progressCallback) {
+        const { data: hex, byteCount } = parseIntelHex(hexData);
+        this.log('info', `verify: checking ${byteCount} bytes`);
+        const blockSize = this.board.pageSize;
+        let pageaddr = 0;
+        while (pageaddr < hex.length) {
+            const wordAddr = pageaddr >> 1;
+            const chunkSize = Math.min(blockSize, hex.length - pageaddr);
+            const expected = hex.subarray(pageaddr, pageaddr + chunkSize);
+            await this.setAddress(wordAddr);
+            const actual = await this.readBlock('F', chunkSize);
+            for (let i = 0; i < chunkSize; i++) {
+                if (actual[i] !== expected[i]) {
+                    throw new STK500VerifyError(pageaddr + i, expected[i], actual[i]);
+                }
+            }
+            pageaddr += chunkSize;
+            progressCallback?.((pageaddr / hex.length) * 100);
+        }
+        this.log('info', 'verify OK');
+    }
+    // ── Quit ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    /**
+     * Exit the bootloader — device resets and runs the new firmware.
+     * No response is expected; device immediately resets on receiving 'Q'.
+     */
+    async quit() {
+        this.log('debug', 'quit');
+        await this.transport.write(new Uint8Array([0x51])); // 'Q'
+        await sleep(200); // give the device a moment to reset
+    }
+    // ── bootload (main entry point) ────────────────────────────────────────────
+    async bootload(hexData, progressCallback) {
+        const progress = (status, pct) => {
+            this.log('info', `${status} (${Math.round(pct)}%)`);
+            progressCallback?.(status, pct);
+        };
+        // Note: CDC touch reset must be done BEFORE constructing this object.
+        // See CDCResetHelper for browser WebSerial usage.
+        progress('Entering programming mode', 5);
+        await this.enterProgMode();
+        progress('Verifying signature', 10);
+        await this.verifySignature();
+        progress('Erasing chip', 20);
+        await this.chipErase();
+        progress('Uploading', 25);
+        await this.upload(hexData, (pct) => {
+            progress('Uploading', 25 + pct * 0.50);
+        });
+        progress('Verifying', 75);
+        await this.verify(hexData, (pct) => {
+            progress('Verifying', 75 + pct * 0.20);
+        });
+        progress('Exiting programming mode', 95);
+        await this.leaveProgMode();
+        progress('Complete', 100);
+    }
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=programmer.js.map

package/dist/protocol/avr109/programmer.js.map

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package/dist/protocol/hexParser.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+export interface ParseResult {
+    /** Binary payload ready for upload */
+    data: Uint8Array;
+    /** CS:IP value from record type 3 (null if not present) */
+    startSegmentAddress: number | null;
+    /** EIP value from record type 5 (null if not present) */
+    startLinearAddress: number | null;
+    /** Total number of data bytes parsed */
+    byteCount: number;
+}
+export declare function parseIntelHex(rawData: string | Uint8Array, addressOffset?: number): ParseResult;
+//# sourceMappingURL=hexParser.d.ts.map

package/dist/protocol/hexParser.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"version":3,"file":"hexParser.d.ts","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../../src/protocol/hexParser.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAoBA,MAAM,WAAW,WAAW;IAC1B,sCAAsC;IACtC,IAAI,EAAE,UAAU,CAAC;IACjB,2DAA2D;IAC3D,mBAAmB,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,IAAI,CAAC;IACnC,yDAAyD;IACzD,kBAAkB,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,IAAI,CAAC;IAClC,wCAAwC;IACxC,SAAS,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC;CACnB;AAED,wBAAgB,aAAa,CAC3B,OAAO,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,UAAU,EAC5B,aAAa,SAAI,GAChB,WAAW,CAiKb"}

package/dist/protocol/hexParser.js

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+// Intel HEX parser — ported from https://github.com/bminer/intel-hex.js
+// Rewrites and fixes:
+//   1. REMOVED premature return when bufLength >= bufferSize (was 8192 bytes —
+//      Arduino Uno .hex files are routinely 20-32 KB, causing silent truncation)
+//   2. Buffer grows dynamically without fixed upper limit
+//   3. Gap regions filled with 0xFF (unprogrammed flash default)
+//   4. Throws typed STK500InvalidHexError instead of generic Error
+//   5. Returns byteCount for progress calculation
+import { STK500InvalidHexError } from '../core/errors.js';
+const DATA = 0;
+const END_OF_FILE = 1;
+const EXT_SEGMENT_ADDR = 2;
+const START_SEGMENT_ADDR = 3;
+const EXT_LINEAR_ADDR = 4;
+const START_LINEAR_ADDR = 5;
+const UNPROGRAMMED = 0xff; // Default flash value for gap regions
+export function parseIntelHex(rawData, addressOffset = 0) {
+    const data = rawData instanceof Uint8Array
+        ? new TextDecoder().decode(rawData)
+        : rawData;
+    // Start with 8 KB — grows as needed, no fixed ceiling
+    let buf = new Uint8Array(8192);
+    buf.fill(UNPROGRAMMED);
+    let bufLength = 0;
+    let highAddress = 0;
+    let startSegmentAddress = null;
+    let startLinearAddress = null;
+    let lineNum = 0;
+    let pos = 0;
+    // Minimum valid line: ':LLAAAATTCC' = 11 chars
+    const MIN_LINE = 11;
+    while (pos + MIN_LINE <= data.length) {
+        // Each record starts with ':'
+        if (data[pos++] !== ':') {
+            throw new STK500InvalidHexError(`Line ${lineNum + 1} does not start with a colon (:) — got '${data[pos - 1]}'`, lineNum + 1);
+        }
+        lineNum++;
+        // Parse fixed header fields
+        const dataLength = parseInt(data.slice(pos, pos + 2), 16);
+        pos += 2;
+        const lowAddress = parseInt(data.slice(pos, pos + 4), 16);
+        pos += 4;
+        const recordType = parseInt(data.slice(pos, pos + 2), 16);
+        pos += 2;
+        // Parse data field
+        const dataField = data.slice(pos, pos + dataLength * 2);
+        pos += dataLength * 2;
+        const checksum = parseInt(data.slice(pos, pos + 2), 16);
+        pos += 2;
+        const dataBytes = new Uint8Array(dataLength);
+        for (let i = 0; i < dataLength; i++) {
+            dataBytes[i] = parseInt(dataField.slice(i * 2, i * 2 + 2), 16);
+        }
+        // Verify checksum (two's complement of sum of all preceding bytes)
+        let calcCS = (dataLength + ((lowAddress >> 8) & 0xff) + (lowAddress & 0xff) + recordType) & 0xff;
+        for (let i = 0; i < dataLength; i++) {
+            calcCS = (calcCS + dataBytes[i]) & 0xff;
+        }
+        calcCS = (0x100 - calcCS) & 0xff;
+        if (checksum !== calcCS) {
+            throw new STK500InvalidHexError(`Checksum error on line ${lineNum}: ` +
+                `got 0x${checksum.toString(16).padStart(2, '0')}, ` +
+                `expected 0x${calcCS.toString(16).padStart(2, '0')}`, lineNum);
+        }
+        switch (recordType) {
+            case DATA: {
+                const absAddr = highAddress + lowAddress - addressOffset;
+                if (absAddr < 0) {
+                    throw new STK500InvalidHexError(`Negative address on line ${lineNum} after applying offset ${addressOffset}`, lineNum);
+                }
+                const endAddr = absAddr + dataLength;
+                // Grow buffer if this record falls beyond current allocation
+                if (endAddr > buf.length) {
+                    const newSize = Math.max(endAddr * 2, buf.length * 2);
+                    const grown = new Uint8Array(newSize);
+                    grown.fill(UNPROGRAMMED);
+                    grown.set(buf.subarray(0, bufLength));
+                    buf = grown;
+                }
+                // Fill any address gap with 0xFF (unprogrammed flash)
+                if (absAddr > bufLength) {
+                    buf.fill(UNPROGRAMMED, bufLength, absAddr);
+                }
+                buf.set(dataBytes, absAddr);
+                bufLength = Math.max(bufLength, endAddr);
+                break;
+            }
+            case END_OF_FILE:
+                if (dataLength !== 0) {
+                    throw new STK500InvalidHexError(`EOF record must have 0 data bytes, got ${dataLength} on line ${lineNum}`, lineNum);
+                }
+                return {
+                    data: buf.subarray(0, bufLength),
+                    startSegmentAddress,
+                    startLinearAddress,
+                    byteCount: bufLength,
+                };
+            case EXT_SEGMENT_ADDR:
+                if (dataLength !== 2 || lowAddress !== 0) {
+                    throw new STK500InvalidHexError(`Invalid extended segment address record on line ${lineNum}`, lineNum);
+                }
+                highAddress = parseInt(dataField, 16) << 4;
+                break;
+            case START_SEGMENT_ADDR:
+                if (dataLength !== 4 || lowAddress !== 0) {
+                    throw new STK500InvalidHexError(`Invalid start segment address record on line ${lineNum}`, lineNum);
+                }
+                startSegmentAddress = parseInt(dataField, 16);
+                break;
+            case EXT_LINEAR_ADDR:
+                if (dataLength !== 2 || lowAddress !== 0) {
+                    throw new STK500InvalidHexError(`Invalid extended linear address record on line ${lineNum}`, lineNum);
+                }
+                highAddress = parseInt(dataField, 16) << 16;
+                break;
+            case START_LINEAR_ADDR:
+                if (dataLength !== 4 || lowAddress !== 0) {
+                    throw new STK500InvalidHexError(`Invalid start linear address record on line ${lineNum}`, lineNum);
+                }
+                startLinearAddress = parseInt(dataField, 16);
+                break;
+            default:
+                throw new STK500InvalidHexError(`Unknown record type 0x${recordType.toString(16).padStart(2, '0')} on line ${lineNum}`, lineNum);
+        }
+        // Skip CRLF or LF line endings
+        if (data[pos] === '\r')
+            pos++;
+        if (data[pos] === '\n')
+            pos++;
+    }
+    throw new STK500InvalidHexError('Unexpected end of HEX data — missing EOF record (:00000001FF)');
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=hexParser.js.map

package/dist/protocol/hexParser.js.map

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package/dist/protocol/picoboot/constants.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/** Raspberry Pi USB Vendor ID */
+export declare const PICOBOOT_VID = 11914;
+/** RP2040 USBBOOT Product ID (BOOTSEL mode) */
+export declare const PICOBOOT_PID_RP2040 = 3;
+/** RP2350 USBBOOT Product ID (BOOTSEL mode) */
+export declare const PICOBOOT_PID_RP2350 = 15;
+/** PICOBOOT interface index (interface 1) */
+export declare const PICOBOOT_INTERFACE = 1;
+/** Magic number at offset 0 of every PICOBOOT command packet (little-endian) */
+export declare const PICOBOOT_MAGIC = 1126158603;
+/** Size of a PICOBOOT command packet in bytes */
+export declare const PICOBOOT_CMD_SIZE = 32;
+/** Size of the PICOBOOT status response in bytes */
+export declare const PICOBOOT_STATUS_SIZE = 16;
+export declare const PicobootCmd: {
+    readonly EXCLUSIVE_ACCESS: 1;
+    readonly REBOOT: 2;
+    readonly FLASH_ERASE: 3;
+    readonly READ: 132;
+    readonly WRITE: 5;
+    readonly EXIT_XIP: 6;
+    readonly ENTER_CMD_XIP: 7;
+    readonly EXEC: 8;
+    readonly VECTORIZE_FLASH: 9;
+};
+export declare const PicobootStatus: {
+    readonly OK: 0;
+    readonly UNKNOWN_CMD: 1;
+    readonly BAD_CHECKSUM: 2;
+    readonly NOT_PERMITTED: 3;
+    readonly INVALID_ADDRESS: 4;
+    readonly BAD_ALIGNMENT: 5;
+    readonly INTERLEAVED: 6;
+    readonly REBOOTING: 7;
+    readonly UNKNOWN: 8;
+    readonly INVALID_STATE: 9;
+};
+/** Minimum erase granularity — address and size must be 4KB-aligned */
+export declare const FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE = 4096;
+/** Flash page write size — address and size must be 256-byte-aligned */
+export declare const FLASH_PAGE_SIZE = 256;
+/** XIP base address in CPU address space (flash starts here for the CPU) */
+export declare const RP2040_FLASH_BASE = 268435456;
+/**
+ * PICOBOOT uses offset-0 addressing for flash.
+ * To write to XIP address 0x10001000, pass addr = 0x00001000.
+ * Use this mask to convert: picobootAddr = xipAddr & ~RP2040_FLASH_BASE
+ */
+export declare const RP2040_FLASH_ADDR_MASK = 268435455;
+export declare const UF2_MAGIC_START0 = 171066965;
+export declare const UF2_MAGIC_START1 = 2656915799;
+export declare const UF2_MAGIC_END = 179400496;
+/** UF2 flag: familyID field is valid (must be set for RP2040/RP2350) */
+export declare const UF2_FLAG_FAMILY_ID = 8192;
+/** UF2 flag: block should not be flashed (skip when flashing) */
+export declare const UF2_FLAG_NOT_MAIN = 1;
+/** Total size of one UF2 block (bytes) */
+export declare const UF2_BLOCK_SIZE = 512;
+/** Usable payload bytes per UF2 block */
+export declare const UF2_PAYLOAD_SIZE = 256;
+export declare const UF2_FAMILY_RP2040 = 3834380118;
+export declare const UF2_FAMILY_RP2350_ARM = 3834380121;
+export declare const UF2_FAMILY_RP2350_RISCV = 3834380122;
+export declare const UF2_FAMILY_RP2350_ARM_NS = 3834380123;
+//# sourceMappingURL=constants.d.ts.map

package/dist/protocol/picoboot/constants.d.ts.map

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