universal-physics-tensor 10.0.0 → 11.0.0

package/dist/numerical/spacetime-metrics.d.ts

@@ -77,6 +77,18 @@ export declare function kerrKretschmann(M: number, r: number, a: number, theta:
 export declare class MetricMassError extends Error {
     constructor(message: string);
 }
+/**
+ * A value the metric library refuses: a point inside the horizon or on a
+ * pole, a Kerr point inside the ring, an unknown or repeated parameter, a
+ * token that is not `key=value`, an orbit or geodesic start the closed forms
+ * do not admit, a Newton iteration that does not converge at the given
+ * point. The CLI maps this class to exit 1; any other class is a defect and
+ * is not converted.
+ * @internal
+ */
+export declare class MetricValueError extends Error {
+    constructor(message: string);
+}
 /**
  * Curvature at one point. `pairs` overrides the documented defaults.
  * @internal

package/dist/numerical/spacetime-metrics.d.ts.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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package/dist/numerical/spacetime-metrics.js

@@ -23,8 +23,11 @@
  * @internal
  */
 import { det, inv } from '@danielsimonjr/mathts-functions';
+import { splitAssignment } from '../core/assignment.js';
+import { relDiff, withinMixed } from '../core/compare.js';
+import { numberFrom, numberMatrixFrom } from '../core/mathts-read.js';
 import { C_SI, G_SI, M_SUN_SI } from '../core/constants.js';
-import { DIMENSIONLESS, LENGTH, MASS, MASS_DENSITY, TIME, VELOCITY } from '../dimensional/types.js';
+import { DIMENSIONLESS, GRAVITATIONAL_CONSTANT, LENGTH, MASS, MASS_DENSITY, TIME, VELOCITY } from '../dimensional/types.js';
 import { UnitError } from '../dimensional/units.js';
 import { readParameter } from './binding-value.js';
 import { computeChristoffelTensor } from './connection-lowering-helpers.js';
@@ -32,6 +35,7 @@ import { christoffelAt, lowerFirstIndex, riemannUpperAt } from './curvature-lowe
 import { integrateGeodesic as integrateGeodesicRK4 } from './geodesic-integrator.js';
 import { computeKretschmann } from './kretschmann.js';
 import { MathTSEngine } from './mathts-engine.js';
+import { schwarzschildRadius } from './schwarzschild.js';
 /** The signature this module differentiates; `CurvatureReport.signature` is its type. */
 export const METRIC_SIGNATURE = '(-,+,+,+)';
 /**
@@ -58,22 +62,16 @@ const ENGINE = new MathTSEngine();
  * number[][] input.
  */
 function invert4(src) {
-    const determinant = det(src);
-    if (typeof determinant !== 'number' || !Number.isFinite(determinant) || determinant === 0) {
-        throw new Error('metric is singular at this point');
+    const determinant = numberFrom('det', det(src));
+    if (!Number.isFinite(determinant) || determinant === 0) {
+        throw new MetricValueError('metric is singular at this point');
+    }
+    try {
+        return numberMatrixFrom('inv', inv(src), 4);
+    }
+    catch (error) {
+        throw new Error('metric inverse is not a 4×4 matrix', { cause: error });
     }
-    const out = inv(src);
-    if (!Array.isArray(out) || out.length !== 4)
-        throw new Error('metric inverse is not a 4×4 matrix');
-    return out.map((row) => {
-        if (!Array.isArray(row) || row.length !== 4)
-            throw new Error('metric inverse is not a 4×4 matrix');
-        return row.map((v) => {
-            if (typeof v !== 'number')
-                throw new Error('metric inverse is not a 4×4 matrix');
-            return v;
-        });
-    });
 }
 /** The nested-array closures the curvature helpers take, over a `MetricFn`. */
 function closuresOf(g) {
@@ -152,7 +150,7 @@ function nonzeroGamma(G) {
     return out;
 }
 function schwarzschildMetric(M, c, G) {
-    const rs = (2 * G * M) / (c * c);
+    const rs = schwarzschildRadius(M, G, c);
     return (x) => {
         const r = x[1];
         const th = x[2];
@@ -242,6 +240,21 @@ export class MetricMassError extends Error {
         this.name = 'MetricMassError';
     }
 }
+/**
+ * A value the metric library refuses: a point inside the horizon or on a
+ * pole, a Kerr point inside the ring, an unknown or repeated parameter, a
+ * token that is not `key=value`, an orbit or geodesic start the closed forms
+ * do not admit, a Newton iteration that does not converge at the given
+ * point. The CLI maps this class to exit 1; any other class is a defect and
+ * is not converted.
+ * @internal
+ */
+export class MetricValueError extends Error {
+    constructor(message) {
+        super(message);
+        this.name = 'MetricValueError';
+    }
+}
 /** A mass that is not positive is not a source. */
 function requirePositiveMass(M) {
     if (!(M > 0))
@@ -255,14 +268,14 @@ function requirePositiveMass(M) {
  */
 function requirePolarInterior(theta) {
     if (!(theta > 0 && theta < Math.PI && Math.sin(theta) > 1e-9)) {
-        throw new Error(`θ must be strictly between 0 and π (got ${theta}): the poles are coordinate singularities of the spherical chart`);
+        throw new MetricValueError(`θ must be strictly between 0 and π (got ${theta}): the poles are coordinate singularities of the spherical chart`);
     }
 }
 /** SI dimension of each metric parameter. A bare number is already in that unit. */
 const PARAM_DIM = {
     M: MASS,
     c: VELOCITY,
-    G: { L: 3, M: -1, T: -2, I: 0, Theta: 0, N: 0, J: 0 },
+    G: GRAVITATIONAL_CONSTANT,
     r: LENGTH,
     a: LENGTH,
     t: TIME,
@@ -279,16 +292,20 @@ const PARAM_DIM = {
 function metricParams(pairs, defaults) {
     const values = { ...defaults };
     const notes = [];
+    const seen = new Set();
     for (const pair of pairs) {
-        const eq = pair.indexOf('=');
-        if (eq <= 0)
-            throw new Error(`'${pair}' must be key=value`);
-        const key = pair.slice(0, eq);
+        const split = splitAssignment(pair);
+        if (split === null)
+            throw new MetricValueError(`'${pair}' must be key=value`);
+        const key = split.name;
         if (!(key in defaults))
-            throw new Error(`unknown parameter '${key}' (expected ${Object.keys(defaults).join(', ')})`);
+            throw new MetricValueError(`unknown parameter '${key}' (expected ${Object.keys(defaults).join(', ')})`);
+        if (seen.has(key))
+            throw new MetricValueError(`'${key}' is given twice ('${pair}'); give one value per parameter`);
+        seen.add(key);
         let read;
         try {
-            read = readParameter(pair.slice(eq + 1), PARAM_DIM[key] ?? DIMENSIONLESS);
+            read = readParameter(split.raw, PARAM_DIM[key] ?? DIMENSIONLESS);
         }
         catch (e) {
             // The reader knows the text and the dimension it was given, not which parameter held them.
@@ -330,11 +347,11 @@ export function curvatureReport(metric, pairs = []) {
         const { values: p, notes } = metricParams(pairs, { M: M_SUN_SI, c: C_SI, G: G_SI, r: Number.NaN, theta: Math.PI / 2, phi: 0, t: 0 });
         requirePositiveMass(p.M);
         requirePolarInterior(p.theta);
-        const rs = (2 * p.G * p.M) / (p.c * p.c);
+        const rs = schwarzschildRadius(p.M, p.G, p.c);
         if (Number.isNaN(p.r))
             p.r = 10 * rs;
         if (!(p.r > rs))
-            throw new Error(`r must be outside the horizon (r = ${p.r} m, r_s = ${rs} m)`);
+            throw new MetricValueError(`r must be outside the horizon (r = ${p.r} m, r_s = ${rs} m)`);
         const g = schwarzschildMetric(p.M, p.c, p.G);
         const x = [p.t, p.r, p.theta, p.phi];
         const t = tensorsOf(g, x);
@@ -416,9 +433,9 @@ export function curvatureReport(metric, pairs = []) {
     if (Number.isNaN(p.r))
         p.r = 10 * Mgeom;
     if (!(p.r > 0))
-        throw new Error(`r must be positive and outside the singularity (got r = ${p.r} m)`);
+        throw new MetricValueError(`r must be positive and outside the singularity (got r = ${p.r} m)`);
     if (Math.abs(p.a) >= p.r)
-        throw new Error('Kerr finite difference wants |a| < r and r outside the ring');
+        throw new MetricValueError('Kerr finite difference wants |a| < r and r outside the ring');
     const g = kerrMetric(Mgeom, p.a);
     const x = [p.t, p.r, p.theta, p.phi];
     const t = tensorsOf(g, x);
@@ -438,7 +455,6 @@ export function curvatureReport(metric, pairs = []) {
         'Geodesics (--geodesic) use the Carter constant. θ = π/2 is an equatorial circular orbit. Any other θ is an inclined spherical orbit with that polar turning point. ISCO and photon radii are closed forms in r/M.',
     ]));
 }
-const relDiff = (got, want) => Math.abs(got - want) / Math.max(Math.abs(want), 1e-30);
 /**
  * The headline Ricci scalar is the closed form when the finite difference
  * does not match it. A vacuum metric's finite-difference residual is not
@@ -454,14 +470,14 @@ function stateCurvature(report) {
         ricci = [];
         notes.push('Ricci is 0 for this vacuum metric. A finite-difference residual is not listed.');
     }
-    else if (exactR !== undefined && relDiff(report.ricciScalar, exactR) > 1e-2) {
+    else if (exactR !== undefined && relDiff(report.ricciScalar, exactR, 1e-30) > 1e-2) {
         ricciScalar = exactR;
         ricci = [];
         notes.push('Ricci scalar is the closed form. The finite-difference scalar, restored from a c = 1 difference by 1/c², does not match it when spatial curvature is present, so those components are not listed.');
     }
     const H2 = report.closedForm.H2;
     const rhs = report.closedForm.friedmannRhs;
-    if (H2 !== undefined && rhs !== undefined && relDiff(H2, rhs) > 1e-6) {
+    if (H2 !== undefined && rhs !== undefined && relDiff(H2, rhs, 1e-30) > 1e-6) {
         notes.push('H² and the Friedmann right-hand side differ, so this scale factor is not a solution of the Friedmann equation at the stated ρ, k and Λ. k is a curvature in 1/length²: k = 1 with c in m/s is a curvature radius of about a metre, not the dimensionless k = ±1 of geometrized cosmology.');
     }
     return { ...report, ricci, ricciScalar, notes };
@@ -503,7 +519,7 @@ export function schwarzschildCircularOrbit(opts) {
     const ut = 1 / Math.sqrt(1 - (3 * rs) / (2 * r0));
     const uphi = Omega * ut;
     if (!(f > 0) || !Number.isFinite(ut))
-        throw new Error('circular orbit needs r > 1.5 r_s');
+        throw new MetricValueError('circular orbit needs r > 1.5 r_s');
     // The closed-form Schwarzschild Christoffel symbols, polar terms included:
     // with u^θ = 0 and θ = π/2 the polar terms stay zero to roundoff.
     const period = (2 * Math.PI) / uphi;
@@ -521,7 +537,7 @@ export function schwarzschildCircularOrbit(opts) {
 export function kerrIscoRadius(aOverM) {
     const chi = aOverM;
     if (!(Math.abs(chi) <= 1))
-        throw new Error('|a/M| must be at most 1');
+        throw new MetricValueError('|a/M| must be at most 1');
     const z1 = 1 + Math.cbrt(1 - chi * chi) * (Math.cbrt(1 + chi) + Math.cbrt(1 - chi));
     const z2 = Math.sqrt(3 * chi * chi + z1 * z1);
     const inner = Math.sqrt((3 - z1) * (3 + z1 + 2 * z2));
@@ -535,7 +551,7 @@ export function kerrIscoRadius(aOverM) {
 export function kerrPhotonRadius(aOverM) {
     const chi = aOverM;
     if (!(Math.abs(chi) <= 1))
-        throw new Error('|a/M| must be at most 1');
+        throw new MetricValueError('|a/M| must be at most 1');
     return {
         prograde: 2 * (1 + Math.cos((2 / 3) * Math.acos(-chi))),
         retrograde: 2 * (1 + Math.cos((2 / 3) * Math.acos(chi))),
@@ -561,7 +577,7 @@ function equatorialCircular(M, a, r, prograde) {
     const g0 = kerrMetric(M, a)([0, r, Math.PI / 2, 0]);
     const norm = -(g0[0][0] + 2 * Omega * g0[0][3] + Omega * Omega * g0[3][3]);
     if (!(norm > 0) || !Number.isFinite(Omega))
-        throw new Error('circular orbit is not timelike at this radius');
+        throw new MetricValueError('circular orbit is not timelike at this radius');
     const ut = 1 / Math.sqrt(norm);
     const uphi = Omega * ut;
     return {
@@ -604,7 +620,7 @@ function solveSpherical(M, a, r, Q, mu2, prograde) {
         const det = j11 * j22 - j12 * j21;
         const scale = Math.max(1, Math.abs(j11), Math.abs(j12), Math.abs(j21), Math.abs(j22));
         if (!Number.isFinite(det) || Math.abs(det) < 1e-18 * scale * scale)
-            throw new Error('spherical-orbit Jacobian is singular');
+            throw new MetricValueError('spherical-orbit Jacobian is singular');
         const stepE = (j22 * f1 - j12 * f2) / det;
         const stepL = (-j21 * f1 + j11 * f2) / det;
         E -= stepE;
@@ -618,7 +634,7 @@ function solveSpherical(M, a, r, Q, mu2, prograde) {
         if (settled)
             return { E, L: L * M };
     }
-    throw new Error('spherical orbit did not converge');
+    throw new MetricValueError('spherical orbit did not converge');
 }
 /**
  * Timelike spherical orbit at fixed r: R = R' = 0. `Q` is the Carter constant
@@ -629,7 +645,7 @@ export function kerrSphericalTimelike(opts) {
     const M = opts?.M ?? 1;
     const chi = opts?.aOverM ?? 0;
     if (!(M > 0) || !(Math.abs(chi) <= 1))
-        throw new Error('spherical orbit wants M > 0 and |a/M| ≤ 1');
+        throw new MetricValueError('spherical orbit wants M > 0 and |a/M| ≤ 1');
     const a = chi * M;
     const r = (opts?.rOverM ?? 10) * M;
     const Q = opts?.Q ?? 0;
@@ -653,26 +669,26 @@ export function kerrSphericalPhoton(opts) {
     const chi = opts?.aOverM ?? 0;
     const rHat = opts?.rOverM;
     if (!(M > 0) || !(Math.abs(chi) > 0 && Math.abs(chi) <= 1))
-        throw new Error('spherical photon orbit wants M > 0 and 0 < |a/M| ≤ 1');
+        throw new MetricValueError('spherical photon orbit wants M > 0 and 0 < |a/M| ≤ 1');
     if (rHat === undefined)
-        throw new Error('spherical photon orbit needs rOverM');
+        throw new MetricValueError('spherical photon orbit needs rOverM');
     const ends = kerrPhotonRadius(chi);
     const lo = Math.min(ends.prograde, ends.retrograde);
     const hi = Math.max(ends.prograde, ends.retrograde);
     if (!(rHat >= lo - 1e-9 && rHat <= hi + 1e-9)) {
-        throw new Error('spherical photon radius lies between the prograde and retrograde photon orbits');
+        throw new MetricValueError('spherical photon radius lies between the prograde and retrograde photon orbits');
     }
     const a = chi * M;
     const r = rHat * M;
     if (!(Math.abs(r - M) > 1e-9 * M))
-        throw new Error('extremal prograde photon orbit sits on the horizon');
+        throw new MetricValueError('extremal prograde photon orbit sits on the horizon');
     const Delta = r * r - 2 * M * r + a * a;
     const E = 1;
     const L = E * ((r * r + a * a) / a - (2 * r * Delta) / (a * (r - M)));
     const P = E * (r * r + a * a) - a * L;
     const Q = (P * P) / Delta - (L - a * E) ** 2;
     if (Q < -1e-8 * M * M)
-        throw new Error('no spherical photon orbit at this radius');
+        throw new MetricValueError('no spherical photon orbit at this radius');
     return { E, L, Q: Q < 0 ? 0 : Q };
 }
 /**
@@ -684,14 +700,14 @@ export function kerrTurningPointOrbit(opts) {
     const M = opts.M ?? 1;
     const chi = opts.aOverM ?? 0;
     if (!(M > 0) || !(Math.abs(chi) <= 1))
-        throw new Error('turning-point orbit wants M > 0 and |a/M| ≤ 1');
+        throw new MetricValueError('turning-point orbit wants M > 0 and |a/M| ≤ 1');
     const a = chi * M;
     const r = (opts.rOverM ?? 10) * M;
     const theta = opts.theta;
     const s = Math.sin(theta);
     const c = Math.cos(theta);
     if (!(Math.abs(s) > 1e-3) || !(Math.abs(c) > 1e-4)) {
-        throw new Error('turning-point θ must sit off the equator and off the pole');
+        throw new MetricValueError('turning-point θ must sit off the equator and off the pole');
     }
     const seed = equatorialCircular(M, a, r, opts.prograde !== false);
     let Q = seed.L * seed.L * c * c;
@@ -703,12 +719,12 @@ export function kerrTurningPointOrbit(opts) {
         L = solved.L;
         const next = c * c * (a * a * (1 - E * E) + (L * L) / (s * s));
         if (!Number.isFinite(next) || next < 0)
-            throw new Error('turning-point Carter constant left the physical range');
-        if (Math.abs(next - Q) <= 1e-9 * Math.max(1, Math.abs(next)))
+            throw new MetricValueError('turning-point Carter constant left the physical range');
+        if (withinMixed(Q, next, 1e-9))
             return { E, L, Q: next };
         Q = next;
     }
-    throw new Error('turning-point Carter constant did not converge');
+    throw new MetricValueError('turning-point Carter constant did not converge');
 }
 function kerrMetricDerivatives(M, a, r, theta) {
     const c = Math.cos(theta);
@@ -806,18 +822,18 @@ function carterState(M, a, r, theta, E, L, Q, mu2, signR, signTheta, allowOffShe
     const c = Math.cos(theta);
     const s = Math.sin(theta);
     if (!(Math.abs(s) > 1e-6))
-        throw new Error('Boyer–Lindquist geodesic wants θ away from the poles');
+        throw new MetricValueError('Boyer–Lindquist geodesic wants θ away from the poles');
     const Sigma = r * r + a * a * c * c;
     const Delta = r * r - 2 * M * r + a * a;
     if (!(Delta > 0))
-        throw new Error('geodesic start must be outside the horizon');
+        throw new MetricValueError('geodesic start must be outside the horizon');
     const R = radialPotential(M, a, r, E, L, Q, mu2);
     const Theta = Q - c * c * (a * a * (mu2 - E * E) + (L * L) / (s * s));
     const scale = Math.max(1, E * E, L * L, Math.abs(Q));
     if (R < -1e-8 * scale && !allowOffShell)
-        throw new Error('radial potential is negative at the start');
+        throw new MetricValueError('radial potential is negative at the start');
     if (Theta < -1e-8 * scale && !allowOffShell)
-        throw new Error('polar potential is negative at the start');
+        throw new MetricValueError('polar potential is negative at the start');
     const g = kerrMetric(M, a)([0, r, theta, 0]);
     const det = g[0][0] * g[3][3] - g[0][3] * g[0][3];
     const ut = (g[3][3] * -E - g[0][3] * L) / det;
@@ -893,7 +909,7 @@ export function kerrGeodesic(opts) {
     const M = opts.M ?? 1;
     const chi = opts.aOverM ?? 0;
     if (!(M > 0) || !(Math.abs(chi) <= 1))
-        throw new Error('Kerr geodesic wants M > 0 and |a/M| ≤ 1');
+        throw new MetricValueError('Kerr geodesic wants M > 0 and |a/M| ≤ 1');
     const a = chi * M;
     const r = (opts.rOverM ?? 10) * M;
     const theta = opts.theta ?? Math.PI / 2;
@@ -914,7 +930,7 @@ export function kerrGeodesic(opts) {
 export function schwarzschildGeodesic(opts) {
     const M = opts.M ?? 1;
     if (!(M > 0))
-        throw new Error('Schwarzschild geodesic wants M > 0');
+        throw new MetricValueError('Schwarzschild geodesic wants M > 0');
     const r = (opts.rOverM ?? 10) * M;
     const theta = opts.theta ?? Math.PI / 2;
     const steps = opts.steps ?? 80;
@@ -935,7 +951,7 @@ export function kerrEquatorialCircular(opts) {
     const chi = opts?.aOverM ?? 0;
     const rOverM = opts?.rOverM ?? 10;
     if (!(M > 0) || !(Math.abs(chi) <= 1))
-        throw new Error('|a/M| must be at most 1');
+        throw new MetricValueError('|a/M| must be at most 1');
     const eq = equatorialCircular(M, chi * M, rOverM * M, opts?.prograde !== false);
     return kerrGeodesic({
         M,