universal-physics-tensor 10.0.0 → 11.0.0

package/dist/atlas/diffusion/bridges.js

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
  * @module atlas/diffusion/bridges
  */
 import { LENGTH, MASS, ACTION, TIME } from '../../dimensional/types.js';
-import { deriveRegimeGroups } from '../regime.js';
+import { makeRegime } from '../regime.js';
 import { DENSITY, DIFFUSIVITY, SPECIFIC_HEAT, THERMAL_CONDUCTIVITY } from './dimensions.js';
 import { DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME } from './models.js';
 const TEST = 'tests/atlas/diffusion.test.ts';
@@ -52,23 +52,19 @@ export const BRIDGE_WALK_DIFFUSION = {
         'many steps: Δt/t ≪ 1',
         'symmetric, unbiased steps',
     ],
-    regime: {
-        family: DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME,
-        inequalities: [
-            {
-                group: 'dt · t^-1',
-                op: '<=',
-                bound: WALK_MAX_STEP_FRACTION,
-                alias: 'Δt/t ≪ 1 (machine form ≤ 0.01, the coarse resolution WD1 measures)',
-            },
-        ],
-        groupDefinitions: deriveRegimeGroups(DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME, [
-            { name: 'dx', dim: LENGTH },
-            { name: 'dt', dim: TIME },
-            { name: 'D', dim: DIFFUSIVITY },
-            { name: 't', dim: TIME },
-        ], []),
-    },
+    regime: makeRegime(DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME, [
+        { name: 'dx', dim: LENGTH },
+        { name: 'dt', dim: TIME },
+        { name: 'D', dim: DIFFUSIVITY },
+        { name: 't', dim: TIME },
+    ], [], [
+        {
+            group: 'dt · t^-1',
+            op: '<=',
+            bound: WALK_MAX_STEP_FRACTION,
+            alias: 'Δt/t ≪ 1 (machine form ≤ 0.01, the coarse resolution WD1 measures)',
+        },
+    ]),
     counterexamples: [
         {
             description: 'After 100 steps the walker cannot be more than 100 sites from the origin, so its ' +
@@ -119,18 +115,14 @@ export const BRIDGE_HEAT_DIFFUSION = {
         'homogeneous isotropic medium: κ, ρ, c_p constant',
         'no sources and no advection (the Péclet number is not applicable to either model)',
     ],
-    regime: {
-        family: DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME,
-        inequalities: [],
-        groupDefinitions: deriveRegimeGroups(DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME, [
-            { name: 'kappa', dim: THERMAL_CONDUCTIVITY },
-            { name: 'rho', dim: DENSITY },
-            { name: 'cp', dim: SPECIFIC_HEAT },
-            { name: 'D', dim: DIFFUSIVITY },
-            { name: 'ell', dim: LENGTH },
-            { name: 't', dim: TIME },
-        ], []),
-    },
+    regime: makeRegime(DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME, [
+        { name: 'kappa', dim: THERMAL_CONDUCTIVITY },
+        { name: 'rho', dim: DENSITY },
+        { name: 'cp', dim: SPECIFIC_HEAT },
+        { name: 'D', dim: DIFFUSIVITY },
+        { name: 'ell', dim: LENGTH },
+        { name: 't', dim: TIME },
+    ], [], []),
     counterexamples: [],
     witnesses: [
         {
@@ -172,15 +164,11 @@ export const BRIDGE_SCHRODINGER_DIFFUSION = {
         'V = 0 (free particle)',
         'the continuation is formal: real Schrödinger time maps to imaginary diffusion time',
     ],
-    regime: {
-        family: DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME,
-        inequalities: [],
-        groupDefinitions: deriveRegimeGroups(DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME, [
-            { name: 'hbar', dim: ACTION },
-            { name: 'm', dim: MASS },
-            { name: 'D', dim: DIFFUSIVITY },
-        ], []),
-    },
+    regime: makeRegime(DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME, [
+        { name: 'hbar', dim: ACTION },
+        { name: 'm', dim: MASS },
+        { name: 'D', dim: DIFFUSIVITY },
+    ], [], []),
     counterexamples: [
         {
             description: 'The squared norm of the Wick-rotated kernel falls from 1.755 at τ = 0 to 0.580 at ' +

package/dist/atlas/diffusion/bridges.js.map

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The Fourier\n * number `D·t/ℓ²` appears as `kappa · rho^-1 · cp^-1 · ell^-2 · t` on the heat\n * side. **The Péclet number is not applicable to any model here**: it needs an\n * advection velocity, and none of the four models has one. It is stated as a\n * side condition (`no advection`) rather than invented as a group.\n *\n * Tolerances were set AFTER measuring each witness at several resolutions and\n * are stated in the witness records; `tests/atlas/diffusion.test.ts` asserts\n * the measured numbers.\n *\n * @module atlas/diffusion/bridges\n */\n\nimport { LENGTH, MASS, ACTION, TIME } from '../../dimensional/types.js';\nimport { deriveRegimeGroups } from '../regime.js';\nimport type { AtlasBridge } from '../types.js';\nimport { DENSITY, DIFFUSIVITY, SPECIFIC_HEAT, THERMAL_CONDUCTIVITY } from './dimensions.js';\nimport { DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME } from './models.js';\n\nconst TEST = 'tests/atlas/diffusion.test.ts';\nconst WITNESS_RESULTS_TEST = 'tests/atlas/witness-results.test.ts';\n\n/** The Δt/t ceiling of the walk → diffusion regime: WD1's coarse resolution, 100 steps. @internal */\nexport const WALK_MAX_STEP_FRACTION = 0.01;\n\n/** Bridge: lattice random walk → Fick diffusion, by coarse-graining. @internal */\nexport const BRIDGE_WALK_DIFFUSION: AtlasBridge = {\n  id: 'ab-walk-diffusion',\n  relation: 'coarse-graining',\n  premises: ['model-random-walk'],\n  conclusion: 'model-fick',\n  transformation: 'P(n, k)/(2Δx) ↦ c(x = nΔx, t = kΔt), with the closure D = Δx²/(2Δt)',\n  preserves: [\n    'mean-square displacement ⟨x²⟩ = 2Dt, exactly at every step',\n    'total probability',\n    'the Gaussian long-time profile',\n  ],\n  doesNotPreserve: [\n    'the lattice spacing Δx and the step Δt as independent scales — only Δx²/Δt survives',\n    'parity: after an even number of steps only even sites are occupied',\n    'the finite propagation speed Δx/Δt: diffusion is positive everywhere at once',\n  ],\n  sideConditions: [\n    'the closure D = Δx²/(2Δt) is held fixed as Δx, Δt → 0',\n    'many steps: Δt/t ≪ 1',\n    'symmetric, unbiased steps',\n  ],\n  regime: {\n    family: DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME,\n    inequalities: [\n      {\n        group: 'dt · t^-1',\n        op: '<=',\n        bound: WALK_MAX_STEP_FRACTION,\n        alias: 'Δt/t ≪ 1 (machine form ≤ 0.01, the coarse resolution WD1 measures)',\n      },\n    ],\n    groupDefinitions: deriveRegimeGroups(\n      DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME,\n      [\n        { name: 'dx', dim: LENGTH },\n        { name: 'dt', dim: TIME },\n        { name: 'D', dim: DIFFUSIVITY },\n        { name: 't', dim: TIME },\n      ],\n      [],\n    ),\n  },\n  counterexamples: [\n    {\n      description:\n        'After 100 steps the walker cannot be more than 100 sites from the origin, so its ' +\n        'density at site 101 is exactly 0, while the diffusion kernel there is positive: the ' +\n        'coarse-grained model has no light cone.',\n      witness: 'WD1b',\n    },\n  ],\n  witnesses: [\n    {\n      id: 'WD1',\n      kind: 'numeric',\n      test: TEST,\n      tolerance:\n        'density at the origin within 1e-4 of (4πDt)^-1/2 at 1000 steps; error shrinks with refinement',\n    },\n    {\n      id: 'WD1b',\n      kind: 'numeric',\n      test: TEST,\n      tolerance: 'walk density exactly 0 beyond the light cone while the kernel is > 0',\n    },\n  ],\n  citations: [\n    'Einstein, Ann. Phys. 17 (1905) 549 - Brownian motion; the mean-square displacement grows as 2Dt',\n    'Feller, An Introduction to Probability Theory and Its Applications, Vol. I - the symmetric random walk and the de Moivre-Laplace limit',\n  ],\n  reviewStatus: 'proposed',\n};\n\n/** Bridge: heat conduction ↔ Fick diffusion, an exact equivalence. @internal */\nexport const BRIDGE_HEAT_DIFFUSION: AtlasBridge = {\n  id: 'ab-heat-diffusion',\n  relation: 'exact-equivalence',\n  premises: ['model-heat'],\n  conclusion: 'model-fick',\n  transformation: 'T ↦ c, κ/(ρ c_p) ↦ D',\n  inverse: 'c ↦ T, D ↦ κ/(ρ c_p) (any κ, ρ, c_p with that ratio)',\n  preserves: [\n    'the solution operator: equal initial data give equal solutions at every t',\n    'Fourier-mode decay rates D q²',\n    'the Fourier number D t/ℓ²',\n  ],\n  doesNotPreserve: [\n    'physical interpretation: temperature versus concentration',\n    'units',\n    'the separate values of κ, ρ and c_p — only their ratio survives',\n  ],\n  sideConditions: [\n    'homogeneous isotropic medium: κ, ρ, c_p constant',\n    'no sources and no advection (the Péclet number is not applicable to either model)',\n  ],\n  regime: {\n    family: DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME,\n    inequalities: [],\n    groupDefinitions: deriveRegimeGroups(\n      DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME,\n      [\n        { name: 'kappa', dim: THERMAL_CONDUCTIVITY },\n        { name: 'rho', dim: DENSITY },\n        { name: 'cp', dim: SPECIFIC_HEAT },\n        { name: 'D', dim: DIFFUSIVITY },\n        { name: 'ell', dim: LENGTH },\n        { name: 't', dim: TIME },\n      ],\n      [],\n    ),\n  },\n  counterexamples: [],\n  witnesses: [\n    {\n      id: 'WD2',\n      kind: 'numeric',\n      test: TEST,\n      tolerance:\n        'FTCS heat solution at x = 0 within 5e-4 of the Fick solution with D = κ/(ρ c_p) at 160 cells',\n    },\n    {\n      id: 'WD2s',\n      kind: 'symbolic',\n      test: WITNESS_RESULTS_TEST,\n      tolerance: 'CAS: κq²/(ρ c_p) under κ ↦ D ρ c_p minus D q² simplifies to literal 0',\n    },\n  ],\n  citations: [\n    'Carslaw & Jaeger, Conduction of Heat in Solids - the heat equation and the thermal diffusivity κ/(ρ c_p)',\n    'Crank, The Mathematics of Diffusion - Fick’s second law and its identity with the heat-conduction equation',\n  ],\n  reviewStatus: 'proposed',\n};\n\n/** Bridge: free Schrödinger → Fick diffusion, by Wick rotation. @internal */\nexport const BRIDGE_SCHRODINGER_DIFFUSION: AtlasBridge = {\n  id: 'ab-schrodinger-diffusion',\n  relation: 'analytic-continuation',\n  premises: ['model-schrodinger-free'],\n  conclusion: 'model-fick',\n  transformation: 't = −iτ: ψ(x, −iτ) ↦ c(x, τ), with D = ħ/(2m)',\n  preserves: [\n    'linearity',\n    'the Gaussian kernel structure, with a spread growing linearly in time',\n  ],\n  doesNotPreserve: [\n    'unitarity: ∫|ψ|² dx is conserved, ∫φ² dx decays',\n    'oscillation and phase: the oscillating propagator becomes a decaying Gaussian',\n    'time-reversal symmetry: diffusion is irreversible',\n  ],\n  sideConditions: [\n    'V = 0 (free particle)',\n    'the continuation is formal: real Schrödinger time maps to imaginary diffusion time',\n  ],\n  regime: {\n    family: DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME,\n    inequalities: [],\n    groupDefinitions: deriveRegimeGroups(\n      DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME,\n      [\n        { name: 'hbar', dim: ACTION },\n        { name: 'm', dim: MASS },\n        { name: 'D', dim: DIFFUSIVITY },\n      ],\n      [],\n    ),\n  },\n  counterexamples: [\n    {\n      description:\n        'The squared norm of the Wick-rotated kernel falls from 1.755 at τ = 0 to 0.580 at ' +\n        'τ = 4 (ħ = 1, m = 0.5, s = 0.7), where the Schrödinger norm would be conserved.',\n      witness: 'WD3b',\n    },\n  ],\n  witnesses: [\n    {\n      id: 'W5',\n      kind: 'numeric',\n      test: 'tests/atlas/quantum-support.test.ts',\n      tolerance:\n        'coefficients ħ/2m, −1, 1/ħ; free-kernel sup-norm residual ratio of ∂τφ = (ħ/2m)∂²φ below 1e-4',\n    },\n    {\n      id: 'WD3',\n      kind: 'numeric',\n      test: TEST,\n      tolerance: 'finite-difference residual of ∂τφ = (ħ/2m)∂²φ below 1e-3 at h = 0.025',\n    },\n    {\n      id: 'WD3b',\n      kind: 'numeric',\n      test: TEST,\n      tolerance: '∫φ² dx matches s²√(2π/σ(τ)) within 1e-9 and decreases in τ',\n    },\n  ],\n  citations: [\n    'Feynman & Hibbs, Quantum Mechanics and Path Integrals - the free-particle kernel and its imaginary-time form',\n    'Nelson, J. Math. Phys. 5 (1964) 332 - Feynman integrals and the Schrödinger equation (the analytic continuation to the heat kernel)',\n  ],\n  reviewStatus: 'proposed',\n};\n\n/** The diffusion family's bridges, in design-note order. @internal */\nexport const DIFFUSION_BRIDGES: readonly AtlasBridge[] = [\n  BRIDGE_WALK_DIFFUSION,\n  BRIDGE_HEAT_DIFFUSION,\n  BRIDGE_SCHRODINGER_DIFFUSION,\n];\n"]}
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The Fourier\n * number `D·t/ℓ²` appears as `kappa · rho^-1 · cp^-1 · ell^-2 · t` on the heat\n * side. **The Péclet number is not applicable to any model here**: it needs an\n * advection velocity, and none of the four models has one. It is stated as a\n * side condition (`no advection`) rather than invented as a group.\n *\n * Tolerances were set AFTER measuring each witness at several resolutions and\n * are stated in the witness records; `tests/atlas/diffusion.test.ts` asserts\n * the measured numbers.\n *\n * @module atlas/diffusion/bridges\n */\n\nimport { LENGTH, MASS, ACTION, TIME } from '../../dimensional/types.js';\nimport { makeRegime } from '../regime.js';\nimport type { AtlasBridge } from '../types.js';\nimport { DENSITY, DIFFUSIVITY, SPECIFIC_HEAT, THERMAL_CONDUCTIVITY } from './dimensions.js';\nimport { DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME } from './models.js';\n\nconst TEST = 'tests/atlas/diffusion.test.ts';\nconst WITNESS_RESULTS_TEST = 'tests/atlas/witness-results.test.ts';\n\n/** The Δt/t ceiling of the walk → diffusion regime: WD1's coarse resolution, 100 steps. @internal */\nexport const WALK_MAX_STEP_FRACTION = 0.01;\n\n/** Bridge: lattice random walk → Fick diffusion, by coarse-graining. @internal */\nexport const BRIDGE_WALK_DIFFUSION: AtlasBridge = {\n  id: 'ab-walk-diffusion',\n  relation: 'coarse-graining',\n  premises: ['model-random-walk'],\n  conclusion: 'model-fick',\n  transformation: 'P(n, k)/(2Δx) ↦ c(x = nΔx, t = kΔt), with the closure D = Δx²/(2Δt)',\n  preserves: [\n    'mean-square displacement ⟨x²⟩ = 2Dt, exactly at every step',\n    'total probability',\n    'the Gaussian long-time profile',\n  ],\n  doesNotPreserve: [\n    'the lattice spacing Δx and the step Δt as independent scales — only Δx²/Δt survives',\n    'parity: after an even number of steps only even sites are occupied',\n    'the finite propagation speed Δx/Δt: diffusion is positive everywhere at once',\n  ],\n  sideConditions: [\n    'the closure D = Δx²/(2Δt) is held fixed as Δx, Δt → 0',\n    'many steps: Δt/t ≪ 1',\n    'symmetric, unbiased steps',\n  ],\n  regime: makeRegime(\n    DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME,\n    [\n      { name: 'dx', dim: LENGTH },\n      { name: 'dt', dim: TIME },\n      { name: 'D', dim: DIFFUSIVITY },\n      { name: 't', dim: TIME },\n    ],\n    [],\n    [\n      {\n        group: 'dt · t^-1',\n        op: '<=',\n        bound: WALK_MAX_STEP_FRACTION,\n        alias: 'Δt/t ≪ 1 (machine form ≤ 0.01, the coarse resolution WD1 measures)',\n      },\n    ],\n  ),\n  counterexamples: [\n    {\n      description:\n        'After 100 steps the walker cannot be more than 100 sites from the origin, so its ' +\n        'density at site 101 is exactly 0, while the diffusion kernel there is positive: the ' +\n        'coarse-grained model has no light cone.',\n      witness: 'WD1b',\n    },\n  ],\n  witnesses: [\n    {\n      id: 'WD1',\n      kind: 'numeric',\n      test: TEST,\n      tolerance:\n        'density at the origin within 1e-4 of (4πDt)^-1/2 at 1000 steps; error shrinks with refinement',\n    },\n    {\n      id: 'WD1b',\n      kind: 'numeric',\n      test: TEST,\n      tolerance: 'walk density exactly 0 beyond the light cone while the kernel is > 0',\n    },\n  ],\n  citations: [\n    'Einstein, Ann. Phys. 17 (1905) 549 - Brownian motion; the mean-square displacement grows as 2Dt',\n    'Feller, An Introduction to Probability Theory and Its Applications, Vol. I - the symmetric random walk and the de Moivre-Laplace limit',\n  ],\n  reviewStatus: 'proposed',\n};\n\n/** Bridge: heat conduction ↔ Fick diffusion, an exact equivalence. @internal */\nexport const BRIDGE_HEAT_DIFFUSION: AtlasBridge = {\n  id: 'ab-heat-diffusion',\n  relation: 'exact-equivalence',\n  premises: ['model-heat'],\n  conclusion: 'model-fick',\n  transformation: 'T ↦ c, κ/(ρ c_p) ↦ D',\n  inverse: 'c ↦ T, D ↦ κ/(ρ c_p) (any κ, ρ, c_p with that ratio)',\n  preserves: [\n    'the solution operator: equal initial data give equal solutions at every t',\n    'Fourier-mode decay rates D q²',\n    'the Fourier number D t/ℓ²',\n  ],\n  doesNotPreserve: [\n    'physical interpretation: temperature versus concentration',\n    'units',\n    'the separate values of κ, ρ and c_p — only their ratio survives',\n  ],\n  sideConditions: [\n    'homogeneous isotropic medium: κ, ρ, c_p constant',\n    'no sources and no advection (the Péclet number is not applicable to either model)',\n  ],\n  regime: makeRegime(\n    DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME,\n    [\n      { name: 'kappa', dim: THERMAL_CONDUCTIVITY },\n      { name: 'rho', dim: DENSITY },\n      { name: 'cp', dim: SPECIFIC_HEAT },\n      { name: 'D', dim: DIFFUSIVITY },\n      { name: 'ell', dim: LENGTH },\n      { name: 't', dim: TIME },\n    ],\n    [],\n    [],\n  ),\n  counterexamples: [],\n  witnesses: [\n    {\n      id: 'WD2',\n      kind: 'numeric',\n      test: TEST,\n      tolerance:\n        'FTCS heat solution at x = 0 within 5e-4 of the Fick solution with D = κ/(ρ c_p) at 160 cells',\n    },\n    {\n      id: 'WD2s',\n      kind: 'symbolic',\n      test: WITNESS_RESULTS_TEST,\n      tolerance: 'CAS: κq²/(ρ c_p) under κ ↦ D ρ c_p minus D q² simplifies to literal 0',\n    },\n  ],\n  citations: [\n    'Carslaw & Jaeger, Conduction of Heat in Solids - the heat equation and the thermal diffusivity κ/(ρ c_p)',\n    'Crank, The Mathematics of Diffusion - Fick’s second law and its identity with the heat-conduction equation',\n  ],\n  reviewStatus: 'proposed',\n};\n\n/** Bridge: free Schrödinger → Fick diffusion, by Wick rotation. @internal */\nexport const BRIDGE_SCHRODINGER_DIFFUSION: AtlasBridge = {\n  id: 'ab-schrodinger-diffusion',\n  relation: 'analytic-continuation',\n  premises: ['model-schrodinger-free'],\n  conclusion: 'model-fick',\n  transformation: 't = −iτ: ψ(x, −iτ) ↦ c(x, τ), with D = ħ/(2m)',\n  preserves: [\n    'linearity',\n    'the Gaussian kernel structure, with a spread growing linearly in time',\n  ],\n  doesNotPreserve: [\n    'unitarity: ∫|ψ|² dx is conserved, ∫φ² dx decays',\n    'oscillation and phase: the oscillating propagator becomes a decaying Gaussian',\n    'time-reversal symmetry: diffusion is irreversible',\n  ],\n  sideConditions: [\n    'V = 0 (free particle)',\n    'the continuation is formal: real Schrödinger time maps to imaginary diffusion time',\n  ],\n  regime: makeRegime(\n    DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME,\n    [\n      { name: 'hbar', dim: ACTION },\n      { name: 'm', dim: MASS },\n      { name: 'D', dim: DIFFUSIVITY },\n    ],\n    [],\n    [],\n  ),\n  counterexamples: [\n    {\n      description:\n        'The squared norm of the Wick-rotated kernel falls from 1.755 at τ = 0 to 0.580 at ' +\n        'τ = 4 (ħ = 1, m = 0.5, s = 0.7), where the Schrödinger norm would be conserved.',\n      witness: 'WD3b',\n    },\n  ],\n  witnesses: [\n    {\n      id: 'W5',\n      kind: 'numeric',\n      test: 'tests/atlas/quantum-support.test.ts',\n      tolerance:\n        'coefficients ħ/2m, −1, 1/ħ; free-kernel sup-norm residual ratio of ∂τφ = (ħ/2m)∂²φ below 1e-4',\n    },\n    {\n      id: 'WD3',\n      kind: 'numeric',\n      test: TEST,\n      tolerance: 'finite-difference residual of ∂τφ = (ħ/2m)∂²φ below 1e-3 at h = 0.025',\n    },\n    {\n      id: 'WD3b',\n      kind: 'numeric',\n      test: TEST,\n      tolerance: '∫φ² dx matches s²√(2π/σ(τ)) within 1e-9 and decreases in τ',\n    },\n  ],\n  citations: [\n    'Feynman & Hibbs, Quantum Mechanics and Path Integrals - the free-particle kernel and its imaginary-time form',\n    'Nelson, J. Math. Phys. 5 (1964) 332 - Feynman integrals and the Schrödinger equation (the analytic continuation to the heat kernel)',\n  ],\n  reviewStatus: 'proposed',\n};\n\n/** The diffusion family's bridges, in design-note order. @internal */\nexport const DIFFUSION_BRIDGES: readonly AtlasBridge[] = [\n  BRIDGE_WALK_DIFFUSION,\n  BRIDGE_HEAT_DIFFUSION,\n  BRIDGE_SCHRODINGER_DIFFUSION,\n];\n"]}

package/dist/atlas/diffusion/dimensions.d.ts

@@ -1,21 +1,13 @@
 /**
- * Dimension constants the diffusion family needs that the canonical entry
- * files declare MODULE-LOCAL and do not export.
- *
- * Redefined here with the same `dim(...)` arguments as their sources, the same
- * discipline as `oscillators/dimensions.ts`. `tests/atlas/diffusion.test.ts`
- * asserts the values against the canonical registry, so a future divergence
- * fails a test rather than silently forking the physics.
+ * Dimension constants the diffusion family needs: the named shapes of
+ * `src/dimensional/types.ts`, under the names this family's modules use.
+ * `tests/atlas/models.test.ts` asserts they are those objects, not copies.
  *
  * @module atlas/diffusion/dimensions
  */
 import type { Dimension } from '../../dimensional/types.js';
-/** m²/s, `L^2 T^-1` — `src/canonical/entries/thermo-nuclear-cosmo.ts:44`. @internal */
-export declare const DIFFUSIVITY: Dimension;
-/** W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹, `L M T^-3 Θ^-1` — `src/canonical/entries/thermo-nuclear-cosmo.ts:42`. @internal */
-export declare const THERMAL_CONDUCTIVITY: Dimension;
-/** kg/m³, `L^-3 M` — `src/canonical/entries/thermo-nuclear-cosmo.ts:43`. @internal */
+/** m²/s, thermal conductivity W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹, and specific heat J·kg⁻¹·K⁻¹: the named shapes of `dimensional/types.ts`. @internal */
+export { DIFFUSIVITY, SPECIFIC_HEAT, THERMAL_CONDUCTIVITY } from '../../dimensional/types.js';
+/** kg/m³, `L^-3 M`: `MASS_DENSITY`. @internal */
 export declare const DENSITY: Dimension;
-/** J·kg⁻¹·K⁻¹, `L^2 T^-2 Θ^-1` — `src/canonical/entries/thermo-nuclear-cosmo.ts:35`. @internal */
-export declare const SPECIFIC_HEAT: Dimension;
 //# sourceMappingURL=dimensions.d.ts.map

package/dist/atlas/diffusion/dimensions.d.ts.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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+{"version":3,"file":"dimensions.d.ts","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../../../src/atlas/diffusion/dimensions.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAAA;;;;;;GAMG;AAEH,OAAO,KAAK,EAAE,SAAS,EAAE,MAAM,4BAA4B,CAAC;AAG5D,gIAAgI;AAChI,OAAO,EAAE,WAAW,EAAE,aAAa,EAAE,oBAAoB,EAAE,MAAM,4BAA4B,CAAC;AAE9F,iDAAiD;AACjD,eAAO,MAAM,OAAO,EAAE,SAAwB,CAAC"}

package/dist/atlas/diffusion/dimensions.js

@@ -1,21 +1,13 @@
 /**
- * Dimension constants the diffusion family needs that the canonical entry
- * files declare MODULE-LOCAL and do not export.
- *
- * Redefined here with the same `dim(...)` arguments as their sources, the same
- * discipline as `oscillators/dimensions.ts`. `tests/atlas/diffusion.test.ts`
- * asserts the values against the canonical registry, so a future divergence
- * fails a test rather than silently forking the physics.
+ * Dimension constants the diffusion family needs: the named shapes of
+ * `src/dimensional/types.ts`, under the names this family's modules use.
+ * `tests/atlas/models.test.ts` asserts they are those objects, not copies.
  *
  * @module atlas/diffusion/dimensions
  */
-import { dim } from '../../dimensional/ast-builders.js';
-/** m²/s, `L^2 T^-1` — `src/canonical/entries/thermo-nuclear-cosmo.ts:44`. @internal */
-export const DIFFUSIVITY = dim(2, 0, -1);
-/** W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹, `L M T^-3 Θ^-1` — `src/canonical/entries/thermo-nuclear-cosmo.ts:42`. @internal */
-export const THERMAL_CONDUCTIVITY = dim(1, 1, -3, 0, -1);
-/** kg/m³, `L^-3 M` — `src/canonical/entries/thermo-nuclear-cosmo.ts:43`. @internal */
-export const DENSITY = dim(-3, 1);
-/** J·kg⁻¹·K⁻¹, `L^2 T^-2 Θ^-1` — `src/canonical/entries/thermo-nuclear-cosmo.ts:35`. @internal */
-export const SPECIFIC_HEAT = dim(2, 0, -2, 0, -1);
+import { MASS_DENSITY } from '../../dimensional/types.js';
+/** m²/s, thermal conductivity W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹, and specific heat J·kg⁻¹·K⁻¹: the named shapes of `dimensional/types.ts`. @internal */
+export { DIFFUSIVITY, SPECIFIC_HEAT, THERMAL_CONDUCTIVITY } from '../../dimensional/types.js';
+/** kg/m³, `L^-3 M`: `MASS_DENSITY`. @internal */
+export const DENSITY = MASS_DENSITY;
 //# sourceMappingURL=dimensions.js.map

package/dist/atlas/diffusion/dimensions.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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+{"version":3,"file":"dimensions.js","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../../../src/atlas/diffusion/dimensions.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAAA;;;;;;GAMG;AAGH,OAAO,EAAE,YAAY,EAAE,MAAM,4BAA4B,CAAC;AAE1D,gIAAgI;AAChI,OAAO,EAAE,WAAW,EAAE,aAAa,EAAE,oBAAoB,EAAE,MAAM,4BAA4B,CAAC;AAE9F,iDAAiD;AACjD,MAAM,CAAC,MAAM,OAAO,GAAc,YAAY,CAAC","sourcesContent":["/**\n * Dimension constants the diffusion family needs: the named shapes of\n * `src/dimensional/types.ts`, under the names this family's modules use.\n * `tests/atlas/models.test.ts` asserts they are those objects, not copies.\n *\n * @module atlas/diffusion/dimensions\n */\n\nimport type { Dimension } from '../../dimensional/types.js';\nimport { MASS_DENSITY } from '../../dimensional/types.js';\n\n/** m²/s, thermal conductivity W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹, and specific heat J·kg⁻¹·K⁻¹: the named shapes of `dimensional/types.ts`. @internal */\nexport { DIFFUSIVITY, SPECIFIC_HEAT, THERMAL_CONDUCTIVITY } from '../../dimensional/types.js';\n\n/** kg/m³, `L^-3 M`: `MASS_DENSITY`. @internal */\nexport const DENSITY: Dimension = MASS_DENSITY;\n"]}

package/dist/atlas/diffusion/models.d.ts

@@ -11,12 +11,12 @@
  *
  * @module atlas/diffusion/models
  */
-import type { Dimension } from '../../dimensional/types.js';
+import { VISCOSITY } from '../../dimensional/types.js';
 import type { AtlasModel } from '../model.js';
 /** The family name every diffusion record carries. @internal */
 export declare const DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME = "diffusion";
-/** Pa·s, `L^-1 M T^-1` — `src/canonical/entries/fluids-waves.ts:45` (`VISCOSITY`). @internal */
-export declare const VISCOSITY: Dimension;
+/** Pa·s, `L^-1 M T^-1`: the named shape of `dimensional/types.ts`. @internal */
+export { VISCOSITY };
 /** The diffusion models, in design-note order; the last four were added to close Sprint 4. @internal */
 export declare const DIFFUSION_MODELS: readonly AtlasModel[];
 /** Look up a diffusion model by id, throwing on an unknown one. @internal */

package/dist/atlas/diffusion/models.d.ts.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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package/dist/atlas/diffusion/models.js

@@ -11,10 +11,9 @@
  *
  * @module atlas/diffusion/models
  */
-import { ACTION, ENERGY, LENGTH, MASS, TIME } from '../../dimensional/types.js';
-import { dim } from '../../dimensional/ast-builders.js';
+import { ACTION, ENERGY, LENGTH, MASS, TIME, VISCOSITY } from '../../dimensional/types.js';
 import { DAMPING } from '../oscillators/dimensions.js';
-import { deriveRegimeGroups } from '../regime.js';
+import { makeRegime } from '../regime.js';
 import { DENSITY, DIFFUSIVITY, SPECIFIC_HEAT, THERMAL_CONDUCTIVITY } from './dimensions.js';
 /** The family name every diffusion record carries. @internal */
 export const DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME = 'diffusion';
@@ -28,16 +27,12 @@ function model(spec) {
         parameters: spec.parameters,
         dimensionlessInputs: [],
         canonicalRefs: spec.canonicalRefs,
-        regime: {
-            family: DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME,
-            inequalities: [],
-            groupDefinitions: deriveRegimeGroups(DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME, spec.parameters, []),
-        },
+        regime: makeRegime(DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME, spec.parameters, [], []),
         ...(spec.symmetryGroup === undefined ? {} : { symmetryGroup: spec.symmetryGroup }),
     };
 }
-/** Pa·s, `L^-1 M T^-1` — `src/canonical/entries/fluids-waves.ts:45` (`VISCOSITY`). @internal */
-export const VISCOSITY = dim(-1, 1, -1);
+/** Pa·s, `L^-1 M T^-1`: the named shape of `dimensional/types.ts`. @internal */
+export { VISCOSITY };
 /** The diffusion models, in design-note order; the last four were added to close Sprint 4. @internal */
 export const DIFFUSION_MODELS = [
     model({

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It has `CE-thermal-diffusivity` (α = κ/(ρ c_p)) and nothing for\n * Fick's law, the heat equation as a PDE, the lattice random walk, or the free\n * Schrödinger equation — so those models carry `[]` rather than a nearby entry\n * that states something else.\n *\n * @module atlas/diffusion/models\n */\n\nimport type { DimensionalVariable } from '../../dimensional/buckingham.js';\nimport { ACTION, ENERGY, LENGTH, MASS, TIME } from '../../dimensional/types.js';\nimport { dim } from '../../dimensional/ast-builders.js';\nimport type { Dimension } from '../../dimensional/types.js';\nimport { DAMPING } from '../oscillators/dimensions.js';\nimport type { AtlasModel } from '../model.js';\nimport { deriveRegimeGroups } from '../regime.js';\nimport { DENSITY, DIFFUSIVITY, SPECIFIC_HEAT, THERMAL_CONDUCTIVITY } from './dimensions.js';\n\n/** The family name every diffusion record carries. @internal */\nexport const DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME = 'diffusion';\n\ninterface ModelSpec {\n  readonly id: string;\n  readonly stateSpace: string;\n  readonly dynamics: string;\n  readonly observables: readonly string[];\n  readonly parameters: readonly DimensionalVariable[];\n  readonly canonicalRefs: readonly string[];\n  readonly symmetryGroup?: string;\n}\n\nfunction model(spec: ModelSpec): AtlasModel {\n  return {\n    id: spec.id,\n    family: DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME,\n    stateSpace: spec.stateSpace,\n    dynamics: spec.dynamics,\n    observables: spec.observables,\n    parameters: spec.parameters,\n    dimensionlessInputs: [],\n    canonicalRefs: spec.canonicalRefs,\n    regime: {\n      family: DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME,\n      inequalities: [],\n      groupDefinitions: deriveRegimeGroups(DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME, spec.parameters, []),\n    },\n    ...(spec.symmetryGroup === undefined ? 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It has `CE-thermal-diffusivity` (α = κ/(ρ c_p)) and nothing for\n * Fick's law, the heat equation as a PDE, the lattice random walk, or the free\n * Schrödinger equation — so those models carry `[]` rather than a nearby entry\n * that states something else.\n *\n * @module atlas/diffusion/models\n */\n\nimport type { DimensionalVariable } from '../../dimensional/buckingham.js';\nimport { ACTION, ENERGY, LENGTH, MASS, TIME, VISCOSITY } from '../../dimensional/types.js';\nimport { DAMPING } from '../oscillators/dimensions.js';\nimport type { AtlasModel } from '../model.js';\nimport { makeRegime } from '../regime.js';\nimport { DENSITY, DIFFUSIVITY, SPECIFIC_HEAT, THERMAL_CONDUCTIVITY } from './dimensions.js';\n\n/** The family name every diffusion record carries. @internal */\nexport const DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME = 'diffusion';\n\ninterface ModelSpec {\n  readonly id: string;\n  readonly stateSpace: string;\n  readonly dynamics: string;\n  readonly observables: readonly string[];\n  readonly parameters: readonly DimensionalVariable[];\n  readonly canonicalRefs: readonly string[];\n  readonly symmetryGroup?: string;\n}\n\nfunction model(spec: ModelSpec): AtlasModel {\n  return {\n    id: spec.id,\n    family: DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME,\n    stateSpace: spec.stateSpace,\n    dynamics: spec.dynamics,\n    observables: spec.observables,\n    parameters: spec.parameters,\n    dimensionlessInputs: [],\n    canonicalRefs: spec.canonicalRefs,\n    regime: makeRegime(DIFFUSION_FAMILY_NAME, spec.parameters, [], []),\n    ...(spec.symmetryGroup === undefined ? {} : { symmetryGroup: spec.symmetryGroup }),\n  };\n}\n\n/** Pa·s, `L^-1 M T^-1`: the named shape of `dimensional/types.ts`. @internal */\nexport { VISCOSITY };\n\n/** The diffusion models, in design-note order; the last four were added to close Sprint 4. @internal */\nexport const DIFFUSION_MODELS: readonly AtlasModel[] = [\n  model({\n    id: 'model-random-walk',\n    stateSpace: 'P(n, k): probability at lattice site n ∈ ℤ after k ∈ ℕ steps',\n    dynamics: 'P(n, k+1) = ½ P(n−1, k) + ½ P(n+1, k), sites Δx apart, steps Δt apart',\n    observables: ['P(n, k)', 'mean-square displacement ⟨x²⟩'],\n    parameters: [\n      { name: 'dx', dim: LENGTH },\n      { name: 'dt', dim: TIME },\n    ],\n    canonicalRefs: [],\n  }),\n  model({\n    id: 'model-fick',\n    stateSpace: 'c(x, t), x ∈ ℝ',\n    dynamics: '∂c/∂t = D ∂²c/∂x² (Fick’s second law)',\n    observables: ['c(x, t)', 'total amount ∫c dx', 'variance of c'],\n    parameters: [\n      { name: 'D', dim: DIFFUSIVITY },\n      { name: 'ell', dim: LENGTH },\n    ],\n    canonicalRefs: [],\n  }),\n  model({\n    id: 'model-heat',\n    stateSpace: 'T(x, t), x ∈ ℝ',\n    dynamics: 'ρ c_p ∂T/∂t = κ ∂²T/∂x²',\n    observables: ['T(x, t)', 'heat content ∫ρ c_p T dx'],\n    parameters: [\n      { name: 'kappa', dim: THERMAL_CONDUCTIVITY },\n      { name: 'rho', dim: DENSITY },\n      { name: 'cp', dim: SPECIFIC_HEAT },\n      { name: 'ell', dim: LENGTH },\n    ],\n    canonicalRefs: ['CE-thermal-diffusivity'],\n  }),\n  model({\n    id: 'model-schrodinger-free',\n    stateSpace: 'ψ(x, t) ∈ ℂ, x ∈ ℝ',\n    dynamics: 'i ħ ∂ψ/∂t = −(ħ²/2m) ∂²ψ/∂x²',\n    observables: ['|ψ|²', 'position spread σx'],\n    parameters: [\n      { name: 'hbar', dim: ACTION },\n      { name: 'm', dim: MASS },\n    ],\n    canonicalRefs: [],\n  }),\n  model({\n    id: 'model-langevin',\n    stateSpace: '(x, v)(t), a Brownian particle',\n    dynamics: 'm v̇ = −γ v + ξ(t), ⟨ξ(t)ξ(t′)⟩ = 2γ k_B T δ(t − t′), ẋ = v',\n    observables: ['⟨x²⟩(t)', '⟨v²⟩ = k_B T/m'],\n    parameters: [\n      { name: 'm', dim: MASS },\n      { name: 'gamma', dim: DAMPING },\n      { name: 'kT', dim: ENERGY },\n    ],\n    canonicalRefs: [],\n  }),\n  model({\n    id: 'model-stokes-drag',\n    stateSpace: 'a sphere of radius a moving at speed v through a viscous fluid',\n    dynamics: 'F = −6π η a v (creeping flow, Re ≪ 1)',\n    observables: ['drag force F', 'friction coefficient γ = 6πηa'],\n    parameters: [\n      { name: 'eta', dim: VISCOSITY },\n      { name: 'a', dim: LENGTH },\n    ],\n    canonicalRefs: ['CE-stokes-drag'],\n  }),\n  model({\n    id: 'model-telegraph',\n    stateSpace: 'u(x, t), x ∈ ℝ',\n    dynamics: 'τ u_tt + u_t = D u_xx (Cattaneo: diffusion with a relaxation time)',\n    observables: ['u(x, t)', 'mode decay rates', 'signal speed √(D/τ)'],\n    parameters: [\n      { name: 'tau', dim: TIME },\n      { name: 'D', dim: DIFFUSIVITY },\n    ],\n    canonicalRefs: [],\n  }),\n  model({\n    id: 'model-laplace-1d',\n    stateSpace: 'T(x) on [0, ℓ] with fixed end values',\n    dynamics: 'T_xx = 0, so T is linear between T(0) and T(ℓ)',\n    observables: ['T(x)', 'steady heat flux'],\n    parameters: [{ name: 'ell', dim: LENGTH }],\n    canonicalRefs: [],\n  }),\n];\n\n/** Look up a diffusion model by id, throwing on an unknown one. @internal */\nexport function getDiffusionModel(id: string): AtlasModel {\n  const found = DIFFUSION_MODELS.find((m) => m.id === id);\n  if (found === undefined) throw new Error(`unknown diffusion model id: ${id}`);\n  return found;\n}\n"]}

package/dist/atlas/diffusion/numerics.d.ts

@@ -108,9 +108,10 @@ export interface WickFixture {
 export declare function wickHeatResidual(resolution: number, f: WickFixture, kernel: (x: number, tau: number, s: number, hbar: number, m: number) => number): number;
 /**
  * WD3b — `∫ φ(x, τ)² dx` of the Wick-rotated free kernel, by the trapezoid
- * rule over `[−halfWidth, halfWidth]`. The Schrödinger norm `∫|ψ|² dx` is
- * conserved; this one DECAYS with τ, which is the unitarity the continuation
- * does not preserve.
+ * rule (MathTS `trapz` on the uniform grid, times its spacing) over
+ * `[−halfWidth, halfWidth]`. The Schrödinger norm `∫|ψ|² dx` is conserved;
+ * this one DECAYS with τ, which is the unitarity the continuation does not
+ * preserve.
  *
  * @internal
  */
@@ -131,7 +132,7 @@ export interface LangevinFixture {
  *
  * The second moments are integrated from the LANGEVIN model's own moment
  * equations, `d⟨x²⟩/dt = 2⟨xv⟩`, `d⟨xv⟩/dt = ⟨v²⟩ − (γ/m)⟨xv⟩`, with
- * `⟨v²⟩ = k_B T/m` held at equipartition, by `solveODESystem` with `dt` on a fine fixed grid. The
+ * `⟨v²⟩ = k_B T/m` held at equipartition, by `integrateRK4` (MathTS `solveODESystem` with `dt`) on a fine fixed grid. The
  * diffusion coefficient `D = k_B T/γ` (Einstein) enters only the DENOMINATOR:
  * the ratio tends to 1 in the diffusive regime `t ≫ τ_p`.
  *
@@ -147,6 +148,17 @@ export declare function langevinMsdRatio(resolution: number, f: LangevinFixture)
  * @internal
  */
 export declare function telegraphSlowRateRatio(tau: number, D: number, q: number): number;
+/**
+ * The slow-mode decay-rate EXCESS over diffusion, `telegraphSlowRateRatio − 1`,
+ * as the cancellation-free `4ε / (1 + √(1 − 4ε))²` with `ε = τ D q²`: the
+ * relative error `ab-telegraph-diffusion` states its bound in. Subtracting 1
+ * from the ratio loses the leading digits as ε → 0 (at ε = 1e-9 the naive
+ * difference was 8e-8 relative off), so the bridge reads this function.
+ * NaN for ε > 1/4, as the ratio is.
+ *
+ * @internal
+ */
+export declare function telegraphSlowRateExcess(tau: number, D: number, q: number): number;
 /**
  * The oscillation frequency of a telegraph mode in its underdamped range,
  * divided by the undamped wave frequency `c q` with `c² = D/τ`:

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package/dist/atlas/diffusion/numerics.js

@@ -8,7 +8,10 @@
  *
  * @module atlas/diffusion/numerics
  */
-import { solveODESystem } from '@danielsimonjr/mathts-functions';
+import { trapz } from '@danielsimonjr/mathts-functions';
+import { integrateRK4 } from '../../numerical/null-ray-integrator.js';
+// `logChoose` is `ln C(n, k)` through MathTS `lgamma`, the one owner of the log binomial coefficient.
+import { logChoose } from '../../numerical/statistics.js';
 /**
  * The Gaussian solution of `∂c/∂t = D ∂²c/∂x²` from a point source of unit
  * mass, evaluated at `x`: `(4πDt)^{-1/2} exp(−x²/(4Dt))`.
@@ -18,13 +21,6 @@ import { solveODESystem } from '@danielsimonjr/mathts-functions';
 export function diffusionKernel(x, t, D) {
     return Math.exp(-(x * x) / (4 * D * t)) / Math.sqrt(4 * Math.PI * D * t);
 }
-/** `ln C(n, k)` by summing logs — exact enough for the n ≤ 10⁵ used here. */
-function logBinomial(n, k) {
-    let s = 0;
-    for (let i = 1; i <= k; i++)
-        s += Math.log(n - k + i) - Math.log(i);
-    return s;
-}
 /**
  * WD1 — the probability DENSITY at the origin of a symmetric lattice random
  * walk after `steps` steps, under the closure `D = Δx²/(2Δt)` at fixed `D`
@@ -43,7 +39,7 @@ export function randomWalkCentralDensity(steps, D, t) {
     const n = 2 * Math.ceil(steps / 2);
     const dt = t / n;
     const dx = Math.sqrt(2 * D * dt);
-    const logP = logBinomial(n, n / 2) - n * Math.LN2;
+    const logP = logChoose(n, n / 2) - n * Math.LN2;
     return Math.exp(logP) / (2 * dx);
 }
 /**
@@ -59,7 +55,7 @@ export function randomWalkDensity(site, steps, D, t) {
         return 0;
     const dx = Math.sqrt((2 * D * t) / n);
     const k = (n + site) / 2;
-    return Math.exp(logBinomial(n, k) - n * Math.LN2) / (2 * dx);
+    return Math.exp(logChoose(n, k) - n * Math.LN2) / (2 * dx);
 }
 /**
  * The exact solution of the DIFFUSION equation with coefficient `D` from the
@@ -133,20 +129,17 @@ export function wickHeatResidual(resolution, f, kernel) {
 }
 /**
  * WD3b — `∫ φ(x, τ)² dx` of the Wick-rotated free kernel, by the trapezoid
- * rule over `[−halfWidth, halfWidth]`. The Schrödinger norm `∫|ψ|² dx` is
- * conserved; this one DECAYS with τ, which is the unitarity the continuation
- * does not preserve.
+ * rule (MathTS `trapz` on the uniform grid, times its spacing) over
+ * `[−halfWidth, halfWidth]`. The Schrödinger norm `∫|ψ|² dx` is conserved;
+ * this one DECAYS with τ, which is the unitarity the continuation does not
+ * preserve.
  *
  * @internal
  */
 export function wickKernelSquaredNorm(tau, f, kernel, halfWidth = 20, cells = 4000) {
     const dx = (2 * halfWidth) / cells;
-    let sum = 0;
-    for (let i = 0; i <= cells; i++) {
-        const v = kernel(-halfWidth + i * dx, tau, f.s, f.hbar, f.m);
-        sum += (i === 0 || i === cells ? 0.5 : 1) * v * v;
-    }
-    return sum * dx;
+    const squares = Array.from({ length: cells + 1 }, (_, i) => kernel(-halfWidth + i * dx, tau, f.s, f.hbar, f.m) ** 2);
+    return trapz(squares) * dx;
 }
 /**
  * WD4 — `⟨x²⟩(t) / (2Dt)` for the Langevin model `m v̇ = −γv + ξ`,
@@ -155,7 +148,7 @@ export function wickKernelSquaredNorm(tau, f, kernel, halfWidth = 20, cells = 40
  *
  * The second moments are integrated from the LANGEVIN model's own moment
  * equations, `d⟨x²⟩/dt = 2⟨xv⟩`, `d⟨xv⟩/dt = ⟨v²⟩ − (γ/m)⟨xv⟩`, with
- * `⟨v²⟩ = k_B T/m` held at equipartition, by `solveODESystem` with `dt` on a fine fixed grid. The
+ * `⟨v²⟩ = k_B T/m` held at equipartition, by `integrateRK4` (MathTS `solveODESystem` with `dt`) on a fine fixed grid. The
  * diffusion coefficient `D = k_B T/γ` (Einstein) enters only the DENOMINATOR:
  * the ratio tends to 1 in the diffusive regime `t ≫ τ_p`.
  *
@@ -167,9 +160,8 @@ export function langevinMsdRatio(resolution, f) {
     const v2 = f.kT / f.m;
     const steps = Math.max(2000, Math.ceil(200 * resolution));
     const h = tEnd / steps;
-    const sol = solveODESystem((_t, y) => [2 * y[1], v2 - y[1] / tauP], [0, 0], [0, steps * h], { dt: h });
-    const end = sol.y[sol.y.length - 1];
-    const x2 = end?.[0] ?? Number.NaN;
+    const end = integrateRK4((_t, y) => [2 * y[1], v2 - y[1] / tauP], [0, 0], 0, steps * h, steps);
+    const x2 = end[0] ?? Number.NaN;
     const D = f.kT / f.gamma;
     return x2 / (2 * D * tEnd);
 }
@@ -188,7 +180,29 @@ export function telegraphSlowRateRatio(tau, D, q) {
     const disc = 1 - 4 * eps;
     if (disc < 0)
         return Number.NaN;
-    return (1 - Math.sqrt(disc)) / (2 * eps);
+    // `(1 − √(1 − 4ε))/(2ε)` is algebraically `2/(1 + √(1 − 4ε))`, which does not cancel as
+    // ε → 0 (the naive form was 26× the true `ratio − 1` at ε = 1e-9).
+    return 2 / (1 + Math.sqrt(disc));
+}
+/**
+ * The slow-mode decay-rate EXCESS over diffusion, `telegraphSlowRateRatio − 1`,
+ * as the cancellation-free `4ε / (1 + √(1 − 4ε))²` with `ε = τ D q²`: the
+ * relative error `ab-telegraph-diffusion` states its bound in. Subtracting 1
+ * from the ratio loses the leading digits as ε → 0 (at ε = 1e-9 the naive
+ * difference was 8e-8 relative off), so the bridge reads this function.
+ * NaN for ε > 1/4, as the ratio is.
+ *
+ * @internal
+ */
+export function telegraphSlowRateExcess(tau, D, q) {
+    const eps = tau * D * q * q;
+    if (eps === 0)
+        return 0;
+    const disc = 1 - 4 * eps;
+    if (disc < 0)
+        return Number.NaN;
+    const s = 1 + Math.sqrt(disc);
+    return (4 * eps) / (s * s);
 }
 /**
  * The oscillation frequency of a telegraph mode in its underdamped range,