tribunal-kit 9.2.4 → 9.2.5

package/.agents/skills/python-pro/SKILL.md

@@ -1,305 +1,305 @@
----
-name: python-pro
-description: "Use when Python 3.12+ specialist. FastAPI, Pydantic v2, asyncio, modern types, pytest. Use when building Python APIs, data pipelines, automation, or any Python code."
-version: 5.0.0
-last-updated: 2026-09-13
-skills:
-  - python-patterns
-  - data-validation-schemas
-  - api-patterns
-tools: Read, Grep, Glob, Bash, Edit, Write
-scripts-binding:
-  - .agent/scripts/lint_runner.js
-  - .agent/scripts/verify_all.js
----
-
-# Python 3.12+ — Dense Reference
-
----
-
-## 🛠️ Technical Architecture & Reference Recipes
-
----
-
-## 2026 Python 3.12+ Performance & Logic Invariants
-
-1. **Structured Concurrency with `TaskGroup`**:
-   ```python
-   async with asyncio.TaskGroup() as tg:
-       task1 = tg.create_task(fetch_user(user_id))
-       task2 = tg.create_task(fetch_orders(user_id))
-   # If either fails, the other is cancelled immediately; exceptions grouped in ExceptionGroup
-   ```
-2. **PEP 695 Native Type Aliases & Generics**:
-   ```python
-   type Coordinates = tuple[float, float]
-   def get_first[T](items: list[T]) -> T | None:
-       return items[0] if items else None
-   ```
-3. **Pydantic v2 Zero-Copy Deserialization**: Use `TypeAdapter(list[Model]).validate_python(data)` for batch parsing.
-4. **Connection Pooling & Lifespan**: Always manage client lifecycles using `lifespan` context managers rather than re-instantiating HTTP/DB clients per request.
-
-## Hallucination Traps (Read First)
-
-- ❌ `from typing import List, Dict, Optional, Union, TypeVar` → ✅ Native `list[str]`, `dict[k,v]`, `X | None`, `type Alias = ...`
-- ❌ `user.dict()` / `user.json()` / `UserCreate.parse_obj()` → ✅ Pydantic v2: `model_dump()`, `model_dump_json()`, `model_validate()`
-- ❌ Pydantic `class Config: orm_mode = True` → ✅ `model_config = {"from_attributes": True}`
-- ❌ `@validator` / `@root_validator` → ✅ `@field_validator` / `@model_validator`
-- ❌ `@app.on_event("startup")` → ✅ FastAPI `lifespan` context manager
-- ❌ `import requests` in async code → ✅ `httpx.AsyncClient()`
-- ❌ `asyncio.gather()` leaving orphaned tasks on error → ✅ `asyncio.TaskGroup()`
-- ❌ `except Exception as e: pass` → ✅ Always log or re-raise
-
----
-
-## Type System (3.12+)
-
-```python
-# Built-in generics (3.9+) — no typing imports needed for basic types
-def process(items: list[str]) -> dict[str, int]: ...
-def find(user_id: int) -> User | None: ...      # 3.10+ union
-def parse(raw: str) -> int | float | None: ...
-
-# Generic syntax (3.12+)
-def first[T](items: list[T]) -> T | None:
-    return items[0] if items else None
-type Point = tuple[float, float]                 # 3.12+ type alias
-
-# Protocol (structural typing — duck typing with types)
-from typing import Protocol, runtime_checkable
-@runtime_checkable
-class Renderable(Protocol):
-    def render(self) -> str: ...
-
-# TypedDict — typed dict with optional keys
-from typing import TypedDict, NotRequired
-class UserPayload(TypedDict):
-    name: str; email: str
-    age: NotRequired[int]                         # optional key
-
-# ParamSpec — preserve signatures in decorators
-from typing import TypeVar, ParamSpec
-from collections.abc import Callable
-T = TypeVar("T"); P = ParamSpec("P")
-def with_logging(func: Callable[P, T]) -> Callable[P, T]:
-    def wrapper(*args: P.args, **kwargs: P.kwargs) -> T:
-        result = func(*args, **kwargs)
-        return result
-    return wrapper
-```
-
----
-
-## Pydantic v2
-
-```python
-from pydantic import BaseModel, Field, field_validator, model_validator
-from enum import Enum
-
-class Role(str, Enum):
-    ADMIN = "admin"; USER = "user"
-
-class UserCreate(BaseModel):
-    name: str = Field(..., min_length=2, max_length=100)
-    email: str = Field(..., pattern=r"^[\w.-]+@[\w.-]+\.\w+$")
-    age: int = Field(..., ge=13, le=120)
-    role: Role = Role.USER
-    tags: list[str] = Field(default_factory=list)
-
-    @field_validator("name")
-    @classmethod
-    def name_titlecase(cls, v: str) -> str:
-        if not v[0].isupper(): raise ValueError("Name must start with uppercase")
-        return v.strip()
-
-    @model_validator(mode="after")
-    def check_admin_age(self) -> "UserCreate":
-        if self.role == Role.ADMIN and self.age < 18:
-            raise ValueError("Admins must be 18+")
-        return self
-
-class UserResponse(BaseModel):
-    id: int; name: str; email: str
-    model_config = {"from_attributes": True}  # ORM mode (was orm_mode=True in v1)
-
-# Serialization
-user.model_dump()                # ✅ (was .dict())
-user.model_dump_json()           # ✅ (was .json())
-user.model_dump(exclude={"password"}, mode="json")
-UserCreate.model_validate({"name": "Alice", "email": "a@b.com", "age": 30})  # ✅ (was parse_obj)
-UserCreate.model_validate_json('{"name": "Bob", ...}')
-```
-
----
-
-## FastAPI
-
-```python
-from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException, Depends, Query, Path, status
-from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
-
-@asynccontextmanager
-async def lifespan(app: FastAPI):
-    await init_db(); await redis.connect()   # startup
-    yield
-    await redis.close()                       # shutdown
-
-app = FastAPI(title="My API", version="1.0.0", lifespan=lifespan)
-
-# CORS — never "*" in production
-from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
-app.add_middleware(CORSMiddleware,
-    allow_origins=["https://myapp.com"],      # ❌ NEVER ["*"]
-    allow_credentials=True, allow_methods=["GET","POST","PUT","DELETE"], allow_headers=["*"])
-
-# Routes
-@app.get("/users", response_model=list[UserResponse])
-async def list_users(skip: int = Query(0, ge=0), limit: int = Query(20, le=100)) -> list[UserResponse]:
-    return await db.execute(select(User).offset(skip).limit(limit))
-
-@app.post("/users", response_model=UserResponse, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
-async def create_user(payload: UserCreate) -> UserResponse:
-    user = User(**payload.model_dump())
-    db.add(user); await db.commit(); await db.refresh(user)
-    return user
-
-# Dependency Injection
-async def get_db() -> AsyncGenerator[AsyncSession, None]:
-    async with async_session() as session:
-        try: yield session
-        finally: await session.close()
-
-async def get_current_user(token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db)) -> User:
-    payload = decode_jwt(token)
-    user = await db.get(User, payload["sub"])
-    if not user: raise HTTPException(status_code=401, detail="Invalid credentials")
-    return user
-
-def require_role(role: Role):
-    async def checker(user: User = Depends(get_current_user)) -> User:
-        if user.role != role: raise HTTPException(status_code=403, detail="Forbidden")
-        return user
-    return checker
-
-# Background Tasks
-from fastapi import BackgroundTasks
-@app.post("/orders")
-async def create_order(order: OrderCreate, bg: BackgroundTasks) -> OrderResponse:
-    result = await save_order(order)
-    bg.add_task(send_email, result.email)
-    return result
-
-# Exception handlers
-from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
-@app.exception_handler(AppError)
-async def app_error(request: Request, exc: AppError) -> JSONResponse:
-    return JSONResponse(status_code=exc.status_code, content={"error": exc.message})
-```
-
----
-
-## Async Patterns
-
-```python
-import asyncio, httpx
-
-# Parallel calls — await all simultaneously
-async def fetch_all() -> tuple:
-    async with httpx.AsyncClient() as client:
-        users, posts = await asyncio.gather(
-            client.get("/users"), client.get("/posts")
-        )
-    return users.json(), posts.json()
-
-# Timeout
-async with asyncio.timeout(5.0):      # 3.11+ (was asyncio.wait_for)
-    result = await slow_operation()
-
-# Semaphore — limit concurrent ops
-sem = asyncio.Semaphore(10)
-async def limited_fetch(url: str) -> dict:
-    async with sem:
-        async with httpx.AsyncClient() as client:
-            return (await client.get(url)).json()
-
-# Producer-Consumer
-async def producer(q: asyncio.Queue[str]):
-    for item in data: await q.put(item)
-    await q.put(None)  # sentinel
-
-async def consumer(q: asyncio.Queue[str]):
-    while (item := await q.get()) is not None:
-        await process(item)
-        q.task_done()
-```
-
----
-
-## Error Handling
-
-```python
-# NEVER silently swallow exceptions
-try: result = await risky_op()
-except SpecificError as e: logger.error("Failed: %s", e); raise
-except Exception: logger.exception("Unexpected"); raise
-
-# Custom exceptions with context
-class ServiceError(Exception):
-    def __init__(self, msg: str, code: int = 500, context: dict | None = None):
-        super().__init__(msg)
-        self.code = code; self.context = context or {}
-
-# Context managers for cleanup
-from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
-@asynccontextmanager
-async def managed_connection():
-    conn = await db.connect()
-    try: yield conn
-    finally: await conn.close()
-```
-
----
-
-## Testing (pytest)
-
-```python
-import pytest
-from httpx import AsyncClient, ASGITransport
-
-@pytest.fixture
-async def client():
-    async with AsyncClient(transport=ASGITransport(app=app), base_url="http://test") as c:
-        yield c
-
-@pytest.mark.anyio
-async def test_create_user(client: AsyncClient):
-    r = await client.post("/users", json={"name": "Alice", "email": "a@b.com", "age": 25})
-    assert r.status_code == 201
-    assert r.json()["name"] == "Alice"
-
-# Fixtures with factories (avoid fixtures that return complex data directly)
-@pytest.fixture
-def make_user(db_session):
-    async def _make(name="Alice", role="user"):
-        return await User.create(db=db_session, name=name, role=role)
-    return _make
-```
-
----
-
-## Project Structure
-
-```
-my-api/
-├── app/
-│   ├── main.py           # FastAPI app + lifespan
-│   ├── models/           # SQLAlchemy ORM models
-│   ├── schemas/          # Pydantic request/response models
-│   ├── routers/          # APIRouter groups
-│   ├── services/         # Business logic (no FastAPI imports)
-│   ├── dependencies.py   # Shared Depends() callables
-│   └── config.py         # Settings via pydantic-settings
-├── tests/
-├── alembic/              # Migrations
-└── pyproject.toml
-```
+---
+name: python-pro
+description: "Use when Python 3.12+ specialist. FastAPI, Pydantic v2, asyncio, modern types, pytest. Use when building Python APIs, data pipelines, automation, or any Python code."
+version: 5.0.0
+last-updated: 2026-09-13
+skills:
+  - python-patterns
+  - data-validation-schemas
+  - api-patterns
+tools: Read, Grep, Glob, Bash, Edit, Write
+scripts-binding:
+  - .agent/scripts/lint_runner.js
+  - .agent/scripts/verify_all.js
+---
+
+# Python 3.12+ — Dense Reference
+
+---
+
+## 🛠️ Technical Architecture & Reference Recipes
+
+---
+
+## 2026 Python 3.12+ Performance & Logic Invariants
+
+1. **Structured Concurrency with `TaskGroup`**:
+   ```python
+   async with asyncio.TaskGroup() as tg:
+       task1 = tg.create_task(fetch_user(user_id))
+       task2 = tg.create_task(fetch_orders(user_id))
+   # If either fails, the other is cancelled immediately; exceptions grouped in ExceptionGroup
+   ```
+2. **PEP 695 Native Type Aliases & Generics**:
+   ```python
+   type Coordinates = tuple[float, float]
+   def get_first[T](items: list[T]) -> T | None:
+       return items[0] if items else None
+   ```
+3. **Pydantic v2 Zero-Copy Deserialization**: Use `TypeAdapter(list[Model]).validate_python(data)` for batch parsing.
+4. **Connection Pooling & Lifespan**: Always manage client lifecycles using `lifespan` context managers rather than re-instantiating HTTP/DB clients per request.
+
+## Hallucination Traps (Read First)
+
+- ❌ `from typing import List, Dict, Optional, Union, TypeVar` → ✅ Native `list[str]`, `dict[k,v]`, `X | None`, `type Alias = ...`
+- ❌ `user.dict()` / `user.json()` / `UserCreate.parse_obj()` → ✅ Pydantic v2: `model_dump()`, `model_dump_json()`, `model_validate()`
+- ❌ Pydantic `class Config: orm_mode = True` → ✅ `model_config = {"from_attributes": True}`
+- ❌ `@validator` / `@root_validator` → ✅ `@field_validator` / `@model_validator`
+- ❌ `@app.on_event("startup")` → ✅ FastAPI `lifespan` context manager
+- ❌ `import requests` in async code → ✅ `httpx.AsyncClient()`
+- ❌ `asyncio.gather()` leaving orphaned tasks on error → ✅ `asyncio.TaskGroup()`
+- ❌ `except Exception as e: pass` → ✅ Always log or re-raise
+
+---
+
+## Type System (3.12+)
+
+```python
+# Built-in generics (3.9+) — no typing imports needed for basic types
+def process(items: list[str]) -> dict[str, int]: ...
+def find(user_id: int) -> User | None: ...      # 3.10+ union
+def parse(raw: str) -> int | float | None: ...
+
+# Generic syntax (3.12+)
+def first[T](items: list[T]) -> T | None:
+    return items[0] if items else None
+type Point = tuple[float, float]                 # 3.12+ type alias
+
+# Protocol (structural typing — duck typing with types)
+from typing import Protocol, runtime_checkable
+@runtime_checkable
+class Renderable(Protocol):
+    def render(self) -> str: ...
+
+# TypedDict — typed dict with optional keys
+from typing import TypedDict, NotRequired
+class UserPayload(TypedDict):
+    name: str; email: str
+    age: NotRequired[int]                         # optional key
+
+# ParamSpec — preserve signatures in decorators
+from typing import TypeVar, ParamSpec
+from collections.abc import Callable
+T = TypeVar("T"); P = ParamSpec("P")
+def with_logging(func: Callable[P, T]) -> Callable[P, T]:
+    def wrapper(*args: P.args, **kwargs: P.kwargs) -> T:
+        result = func(*args, **kwargs)
+        return result
+    return wrapper
+```
+
+---
+
+## Pydantic v2
+
+```python
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field, field_validator, model_validator
+from enum import Enum
+
+class Role(str, Enum):
+    ADMIN = "admin"; USER = "user"
+
+class UserCreate(BaseModel):
+    name: str = Field(..., min_length=2, max_length=100)
+    email: str = Field(..., pattern=r"^[\w.-]+@[\w.-]+\.\w+$")
+    age: int = Field(..., ge=13, le=120)
+    role: Role = Role.USER
+    tags: list[str] = Field(default_factory=list)
+
+    @field_validator("name")
+    @classmethod
+    def name_titlecase(cls, v: str) -> str:
+        if not v[0].isupper(): raise ValueError("Name must start with uppercase")
+        return v.strip()
+
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def check_admin_age(self) -> "UserCreate":
+        if self.role == Role.ADMIN and self.age < 18:
+            raise ValueError("Admins must be 18+")
+        return self
+
+class UserResponse(BaseModel):
+    id: int; name: str; email: str
+    model_config = {"from_attributes": True}  # ORM mode (was orm_mode=True in v1)
+
+# Serialization
+user.model_dump()                # ✅ (was .dict())
+user.model_dump_json()           # ✅ (was .json())
+user.model_dump(exclude={"password"}, mode="json")
+UserCreate.model_validate({"name": "Alice", "email": "a@b.com", "age": 30})  # ✅ (was parse_obj)
+UserCreate.model_validate_json('{"name": "Bob", ...}')
+```
+
+---
+
+## FastAPI
+
+```python
+from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException, Depends, Query, Path, status
+from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
+
+@asynccontextmanager
+async def lifespan(app: FastAPI):
+    await init_db(); await redis.connect()   # startup
+    yield
+    await redis.close()                       # shutdown
+
+app = FastAPI(title="My API", version="1.0.0", lifespan=lifespan)
+
+# CORS — never "*" in production
+from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
+app.add_middleware(CORSMiddleware,
+    allow_origins=["https://myapp.com"],      # ❌ NEVER ["*"]
+    allow_credentials=True, allow_methods=["GET","POST","PUT","DELETE"], allow_headers=["*"])
+
+# Routes
+@app.get("/users", response_model=list[UserResponse])
+async def list_users(skip: int = Query(0, ge=0), limit: int = Query(20, le=100)) -> list[UserResponse]:
+    return await db.execute(select(User).offset(skip).limit(limit))
+
+@app.post("/users", response_model=UserResponse, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+async def create_user(payload: UserCreate) -> UserResponse:
+    user = User(**payload.model_dump())
+    db.add(user); await db.commit(); await db.refresh(user)
+    return user
+
+# Dependency Injection
+async def get_db() -> AsyncGenerator[AsyncSession, None]:
+    async with async_session() as session:
+        try: yield session
+        finally: await session.close()
+
+async def get_current_user(token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db)) -> User:
+    payload = decode_jwt(token)
+    user = await db.get(User, payload["sub"])
+    if not user: raise HTTPException(status_code=401, detail="Invalid credentials")
+    return user
+
+def require_role(role: Role):
+    async def checker(user: User = Depends(get_current_user)) -> User:
+        if user.role != role: raise HTTPException(status_code=403, detail="Forbidden")
+        return user
+    return checker
+
+# Background Tasks
+from fastapi import BackgroundTasks
+@app.post("/orders")
+async def create_order(order: OrderCreate, bg: BackgroundTasks) -> OrderResponse:
+    result = await save_order(order)
+    bg.add_task(send_email, result.email)
+    return result
+
+# Exception handlers
+from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
+@app.exception_handler(AppError)
+async def app_error(request: Request, exc: AppError) -> JSONResponse:
+    return JSONResponse(status_code=exc.status_code, content={"error": exc.message})
+```
+
+---
+
+## Async Patterns
+
+```python
+import asyncio, httpx
+
+# Parallel calls — await all simultaneously
+async def fetch_all() -> tuple:
+    async with httpx.AsyncClient() as client:
+        users, posts = await asyncio.gather(
+            client.get("/users"), client.get("/posts")
+        )
+    return users.json(), posts.json()
+
+# Timeout
+async with asyncio.timeout(5.0):      # 3.11+ (was asyncio.wait_for)
+    result = await slow_operation()
+
+# Semaphore — limit concurrent ops
+sem = asyncio.Semaphore(10)
+async def limited_fetch(url: str) -> dict:
+    async with sem:
+        async with httpx.AsyncClient() as client:
+            return (await client.get(url)).json()
+
+# Producer-Consumer
+async def producer(q: asyncio.Queue[str]):
+    for item in data: await q.put(item)
+    await q.put(None)  # sentinel
+
+async def consumer(q: asyncio.Queue[str]):
+    while (item := await q.get()) is not None:
+        await process(item)
+        q.task_done()
+```
+
+---
+
+## Error Handling
+
+```python
+# NEVER silently swallow exceptions
+try: result = await risky_op()
+except SpecificError as e: logger.error("Failed: %s", e); raise
+except Exception: logger.exception("Unexpected"); raise
+
+# Custom exceptions with context
+class ServiceError(Exception):
+    def __init__(self, msg: str, code: int = 500, context: dict | None = None):
+        super().__init__(msg)
+        self.code = code; self.context = context or {}
+
+# Context managers for cleanup
+from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
+@asynccontextmanager
+async def managed_connection():
+    conn = await db.connect()
+    try: yield conn
+    finally: await conn.close()
+```
+
+---
+
+## Testing (pytest)
+
+```python
+import pytest
+from httpx import AsyncClient, ASGITransport
+
+@pytest.fixture
+async def client():
+    async with AsyncClient(transport=ASGITransport(app=app), base_url="http://test") as c:
+        yield c
+
+@pytest.mark.anyio
+async def test_create_user(client: AsyncClient):
+    r = await client.post("/users", json={"name": "Alice", "email": "a@b.com", "age": 25})
+    assert r.status_code == 201
+    assert r.json()["name"] == "Alice"
+
+# Fixtures with factories (avoid fixtures that return complex data directly)
+@pytest.fixture
+def make_user(db_session):
+    async def _make(name="Alice", role="user"):
+        return await User.create(db=db_session, name=name, role=role)
+    return _make
+```
+
+---
+
+## Project Structure
+
+```
+my-api/
+├── app/
+│   ├── main.py           # FastAPI app + lifespan
+│   ├── models/           # SQLAlchemy ORM models
+│   ├── schemas/          # Pydantic request/response models
+│   ├── routers/          # APIRouter groups
+│   ├── services/         # Business logic (no FastAPI imports)
+│   ├── dependencies.py   # Shared Depends() callables
+│   └── config.py         # Settings via pydantic-settings
+├── tests/
+├── alembic/              # Migrations
+└── pyproject.toml
+```