node-opcua-address-space 2.180.0 → 2.181.0

package/src/address_space.ts

@@ -1,1631 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * @module node-opcua-address-space
- */
-
-import chalk from "chalk";
-import type {
-    AddReferenceOpts,
-    BaseNode,
-    IEventData,
-    IHistoricalDataNodeOptions,
-    ISessionContext,
-    IVariableHistorian,
-    IVariableHistorianOptions,
-    MethodCallInterceptor,
-    RaiseEventData,
-    ShutdownTask,
-    UADataType,
-    UAEventType,
-    UAMethod,
-    UAObject,
-    UAObjectType,
-    UAReference,
-    UAReferenceType,
-    UAVariable,
-    UAVariableType,
-    UAView
-} from "node-opcua-address-space-base";
-import { assert } from "node-opcua-assert";
-import type { ExtraDataTypeManager } from "node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object";
-import { DataTypeIds, VariableTypeIds } from "node-opcua-constants";
-import { BrowseDirection, NodeClass, QualifiedName } from "node-opcua-data-model";
-import { make_debugLog, make_errorLog, make_warningLog } from "node-opcua-debug";
-import type { ExtensionObject } from "node-opcua-extension-object";
-import {
-    coerceExpandedNodeId,
-    coerceNodeId,
-    type INodeId,
-    makeNodeId,
-    NodeId,
-    type NodeIdLike,
-    NodeIdType,
-    resolveNodeId,
-    sameNodeId
-} from "node-opcua-nodeid";
-import { ObjectRegistry } from "node-opcua-object-registry";
-import { BrowseResult } from "node-opcua-service-browse";
-import { StatusCodes } from "node-opcua-status-code";
-import type {
-    BrowseDescription,
-    BrowsePathTargetOptions,
-    BrowseResultOptions,
-    ModelChangeStructureDataType,
-    RelativePathElement
-} from "node-opcua-types";
-import { BrowsePath, BrowsePathResult } from "node-opcua-types";
-import { isNullOrUndefined, lowerFirstLetter, randomBytes } from "node-opcua-utils";
-import { DataType, Variant, VariantArrayType, type VariantOptions, type VariantT } from "node-opcua-variant";
-import { adjustBrowseDirection } from "../source/helpers/adjust_browse_direction";
-import type { ExtensionObjectConstructorFuncWithSchema } from "../source/interfaces/extension_object_constructor";
-import type { UARootFolder } from "../source/ua_root_folder";
-import type { AddressSpacePrivate } from "./address_space_private";
-import { UAAcknowledgeableConditionImplBase, UAConditionImplBase } from "./alarms_and_conditions";
-import { BaseNodeImpl } from "./base_node_impl";
-import { EventData } from "./event_data";
-import { AddressSpace_installHistoricalDataNode } from "./historical_access/address_space_historical_data_node";
-import { isNonEmptyQualifiedName, NamespaceImpl } from "./namespace_impl";
-import type { NamespacePrivate } from "./namespace_private";
-import { ReferenceImpl } from "./reference_impl";
-import { UADataTypeImpl } from "./ua_data_type_impl";
-import { UAObjectImpl } from "./ua_object_impl";
-import { UAObjectTypeImpl } from "./ua_object_type_impl";
-import { UAReferenceTypeImpl } from "./ua_reference_type_impl";
-import type { UAVariableImpl } from "./ua_variable_impl";
-
-const doDebug = false;
-const errorLog = make_errorLog(__filename);
-const debugLog = make_debugLog(__filename);
-const warningLog = make_warningLog(__filename);
-
-const Dequeue = require("dequeue");
-
-const regexNumberColumnString = /^([0-9]+):(.*)/;
-const enumerationTypeNodeId = coerceNodeId(DataTypeIds.Enumeration);
-/**
- * Extracts the namespace and browse name as a string from the given input.
- *
- * @param addressSpace The address space instance.
- * @param browseNameOrNodeId A NodeIdLike, QualifiedName, or string representing the browse name or node id.
- * @param namespaceIndex Optional namespace index.
- * @returns A tuple containing the NamespacePrivate and the browse name as a string.
- */
-function _extract_namespace_and_browse_name_as_string(
-    addressSpace: AddressSpace,
-    browseNameOrNodeId: NodeIdLike | QualifiedName,
-    namespaceIndex?: number
-): [NamespacePrivate, string] {
-    assert(!namespaceIndex || namespaceIndex >= 0);
-
-    let result: [NamespacePrivate, string] | undefined;
-
-    if (namespaceIndex !== undefined && namespaceIndex > 0) {
-        assert(typeof browseNameOrNodeId === "string", "expecting a string when namespaceIndex is specified");
-        result = [addressSpace.getNamespace(namespaceIndex), browseNameOrNodeId.toString()];
-    } else if (typeof browseNameOrNodeId === "string") {
-        // we may have a string like "ns=1;i=1234" or "ns=1:MyBrowseName"
-        if (isNodeIdString(browseNameOrNodeId)) {
-            return _extract_namespace_and_browse_name_as_string(
-                addressSpace,
-                addressSpace.resolveNodeId(browseNameOrNodeId),
-                namespaceIndex
-            );
-        }
-        // we must have a BrowseName string
-        if (browseNameOrNodeId.indexOf(":") >= 0) {
-            const a = browseNameOrNodeId.split(":");
-            namespaceIndex = a.length === 2 ? parseInt(a[0], 10) : namespaceIndex;
-            browseNameOrNodeId = a.length === 2 ? a[1] : browseNameOrNodeId;
-        }
-        result = [addressSpace.getNamespace(namespaceIndex || 0), browseNameOrNodeId];
-    } else if (browseNameOrNodeId instanceof QualifiedName) {
-        namespaceIndex = browseNameOrNodeId.namespaceIndex;
-        result = [addressSpace.getNamespace(namespaceIndex), browseNameOrNodeId.name || ""];
-    } else if (typeof browseNameOrNodeId === "number") {
-        result = [addressSpace.getDefaultNamespace(), DataType[browseNameOrNodeId]];
-    } else if (browseNameOrNodeId instanceof NodeId) {
-        // we have a nodeId
-        const nodeId = browseNameOrNodeId as NodeId;
-        namespaceIndex = nodeId.namespace;
-        const node = addressSpace.findNode(nodeId);
-        const browseName = node ? node.browseName.toString() : "UnknownNode";
-        result = [addressSpace.getNamespace(namespaceIndex), browseName];
-    }
-
-    /* c8 ignore next */
-    if (!result?.[0]) {
-        throw new Error(` Cannot find namespace associated with ${browseNameOrNodeId} ${namespaceIndex}`);
-    }
-    return result as [NamespacePrivate, string];
-}
-
-/**
- * returns true if str matches a nodeID, e.g i=123 or ns=...
- */
-function isNodeIdString(str: unknown): boolean {
-    if (typeof str !== "string") {
-        return false;
-    }
-    return str.substring(0, 2) === "i=" || str.substring(0, 3) === "ns=";
-}
-
-/**
- * `AddressSpace` is a collection of UA nodes.
- *
- *     const addressSpace = AddressSpace.create();
- */
-export interface IHistorizerFactory {
-    create(node: UAVariable, options: IVariableHistorianOptions): IVariableHistorian;
-}
-
-export class AddressSpace implements AddressSpacePrivate {
-    public get rootFolder(): UARootFolder {
-        const rootFolder = this.findNode(this.resolveNodeId("RootFolder"));
-        if (!rootFolder) {
-            // throw new Error("AddressSpace doesn't contain rootFolder object");
-            return null as unknown as UARootFolder;
-        }
-        return rootFolder as unknown as UARootFolder;
-    }
-
-    public static isNonEmptyQualifiedName = isNonEmptyQualifiedName;
-    public static historizerFactory?: IHistorizerFactory;
-
-    public static create(): AddressSpace {
-        return new AddressSpace();
-    }
-
-    private static registry = new ObjectRegistry();
-
-    /***
-     * @internal
-     * @private
-     */
-    public suspendBackReference = false;
-    public isFrugal = false;
-    public historizingNodes: Set<UAVariable> = new Set();
-    public _condition_refresh_in_progress = false;
-
-    public readonly isNodeIdString = isNodeIdString;
-    private readonly _private_namespaceIndex: number;
-    private readonly _namespaceArray: NamespacePrivate[];
-    private _shutdownTask?: ShutdownTask[];
-    private _eventIdCounter?: Buffer;
-    public $$extraDataTypeManager?: ExtraDataTypeManager;
-    private _modelChangeTransactionCounter = 0;
-    private _modelChanges: ModelChangeStructureDataType[] = [];
-    public _methodCallInterceptors: MethodCallInterceptor[] = [];
-
-    constructor() {
-        this._private_namespaceIndex = 1;
-        this._namespaceArray = [];
-        // special namespace 0 is reserved for the UA namespace
-        this.registerNamespace("http://opcfoundation.org/UA/");
-        AddressSpace.registry.register(this);
-    }
-
-    public toJSON(): Record<string, string | number | undefined> {
-        return {
-            namespaces: this._namespaceArray.length
-        };
-    }
-
-    public toString(): string {
-        return `AddressSpace({ namespaces: ${this._namespaceArray.length} })`;
-    }
-
-    public [Symbol.for("nodejs.util.inspect.custom")](): string {
-        return this.toString();
-    }
-    /**
-     * @internal
-     */
-    public getDataTypeManager(): ExtraDataTypeManager {
-        if (!this.$$extraDataTypeManager) {
-            throw new Error("expecting a $$extraDataTypeManager please make sure ensureDatatypeExtracted is called");
-        }
-        return this.$$extraDataTypeManager;
-    }
-
-    public getNamespaceUri(namespaceIndex: number): string {
-        assert(namespaceIndex >= 0 && namespaceIndex < this._namespaceArray.length);
-        return this._namespaceArray[namespaceIndex].namespaceUri;
-    }
-
-    /***
-     */
-    public getNamespace(namespaceIndexOrName: string | number): NamespacePrivate {
-        if (typeof namespaceIndexOrName === "number") {
-            const namespaceIndex = namespaceIndexOrName;
-            assert(namespaceIndex >= 0 && namespaceIndex < this._namespaceArray.length, "invalid namespace index ( out of bound)");
-            return this._namespaceArray[namespaceIndex];
-        } else {
-            const namespaceUri = namespaceIndexOrName;
-            assert(typeof namespaceUri === "string");
-            const index = this.getNamespaceIndex(namespaceUri);
-            return this._namespaceArray[index];
-        }
-    }
-
-    /***
-     * @return  the  default namespace (standard OPCUA namespace)
-     */
-    public getDefaultNamespace(): NamespacePrivate {
-        return this.getNamespace(0);
-    }
-
-    /***
-     *
-     * objects instances managed by the server will be created in this namespace.
-     *
-     * @return  address space own namespace
-     */
-    public getOwnNamespace(): NamespacePrivate {
-        /* c8 ignore next */
-        if (this._private_namespaceIndex >= this._namespaceArray.length) {
-            throw new Error("please create the private namespace");
-        }
-        return this.getNamespace(this._private_namespaceIndex);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * @return the namespace index of a namespace given by its namespace uri
-     *
-     */
-    public getNamespaceIndex(namespaceUri: string): number {
-        assert(typeof namespaceUri === "string");
-        return this._namespaceArray.findIndex((ns: NamespacePrivate) => ns.namespaceUri === namespaceUri);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     *
-     * register a new namespace,
-     * it is OK to call registerNamespace even if namespace has already been registered;
-     * in this case the registerNamespace has no effect and returns the existing namespace.
-     *
-     * @param namespaceUri {string}
-     * @returns {Namespace}
-     */
-    public registerNamespace(namespaceUri: string): NamespacePrivate {
-        let index = this._namespaceArray.findIndex((ns) => ns.namespaceUri === namespaceUri);
-        if (index !== -1) {
-            assert(this._namespaceArray[index].addressSpace === this);
-            return this._namespaceArray[index];
-        }
-        index = this._namespaceArray.length;
-        this._namespaceArray.push(
-            new NamespaceImpl({
-                addressSpace: this,
-                index,
-                namespaceUri,
-                publicationDate: new Date(),
-                version: "undefined"
-            })
-        );
-        return this._namespaceArray[index];
-    }
-
-    /***
-     * @return {Namespace[]} the namespace array
-     */
-    public getNamespaceArray(): NamespacePrivate[] {
-        return this._namespaceArray;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     *
-     * @param alias {String} the alias name
-     * @param nodeId {NodeId}
-     * @internal
-     */
-    public addAlias(alias: string, nodeId: NodeId): void {
-        assert(typeof alias === "string");
-        assert(nodeId instanceof NodeId);
-        this.getNamespace(nodeId.namespace).addAlias(alias, nodeId);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * find an node by node Id
-     * @param nodeId   a nodeId or a string coerce-able to nodeID, representing the object to find.
-     * @return {BaseNode|null}
-     */
-    public findNode(nodeId: NodeIdLike): BaseNode | null {
-        if (!(nodeId instanceof NodeId)) {
-            nodeId = this.resolveNodeId(nodeId);
-        }
-        if (nodeId.namespace < 0 || nodeId.namespace >= this._namespaceArray.length) {
-            // namespace index is out of bound
-            return null;
-        }
-        const namespace = this._namespaceArray[nodeId.namespace];
-        return namespace.findNode2(nodeId) as BaseNode;
-    }
-
-    public findMethod(nodeId: NodeId | string): UAMethod | null {
-        const node = this.findNode(nodeId);
-        if (!node || node.nodeClass !== NodeClass.Method) {
-            return null;
-        }
-        return node as UAMethod;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * resolved a string or a nodeId to a nodeID
-     */
-    public resolveNodeId(nodeId: NodeIdLike): NodeId {
-        if (typeof nodeId === "string") {
-            const m = nodeId.match(regexNumberColumnString);
-            if (m && m.length === 3) {
-                const namespaceIndex = parseInt(m[1], 10);
-                const aliasName = m[2];
-                const namespace = this.getNamespace(namespaceIndex);
-                // check if the string is a known alias
-                const aliasNodeId = namespace.resolveAlias(aliasName);
-                if (aliasNodeId !== null) {
-                    return aliasNodeId;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        const namespaceArray: string[] = this.getNamespaceArray().map((a) => a.namespaceUri);
-
-        return resolveNodeId(nodeId, { namespaceArray });
-    }
-
-    /**
-     *
-     * @param objectType  {String|NodeId|QualifiedName}
-     * @param [namespaceIndex=0 {Number}] an optional namespace index
-     * @return {UAObjectType|null}
-     *
-     * @example
-     *
-     * ```javascript
-     *     const objectType = addressSpace.findObjectType("ns=0;i=58");
-     *     objectType.browseName.toString().should.eql("BaseObjectType");
-     *
-     *     const objectType = addressSpace.findObjectType("BaseObjectType");
-     *     objectType.browseName.toString().should.eql("BaseObjectType");
-     *
-     *     const objectType = addressSpace.findObjectType(resolveNodeId("ns=0;i=58"));
-     *     objectType.browseName.toString().should.eql("BaseObjectType");
-     *
-     *     const objectType = addressSpace.findObjectType("CustomObjectType",36);
-     *     objectType.nodeId.namespace.should.eql(36);
-     *     objectType.browseName.toString().should.eql("BaseObjectType");
-     *
-     *     const objectType = addressSpace.findObjectType("36:CustomObjectType");
-     *     objectType.nodeId.namespace.should.eql(36);
-     *     objectType.browseName.toString().should.eql("BaseObjectType");
-     * ```
-     */
-    public findObjectType(objectType: NodeIdLike, namespaceIndex?: number): UAObjectType | null {
-        if (objectType instanceof NodeId) {
-            return _find_by_node_id<UAObjectType>(this, objectType, namespaceIndex);
-        }
-        const [namespace, browseName] = _extract_namespace_and_browse_name_as_string(this, objectType, namespaceIndex);
-        return namespace.findObjectType(browseName);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * @param variableType  {String|NodeId}
-     * @param [namespaceIndex=0 {Number}] an optional namespace index
-     * @return {UAObjectType|null}
-     *
-     * @example
-     *
-     * ```javascript
-     *     const objectType = addressSpace.findVariableType("ns=0;i=62");
-     *     objectType.browseName.toString().should.eql("BaseVariableType");
-     *
-     *     const objectType = addressSpace.findVariableType("BaseVariableType");
-     *     objectType.browseName.toString().should.eql("BaseVariableType");
-     *
-     *     const objectType = addressSpace.findVariableType(resolveNodeId("ns=0;i=62"));
-     *     objectType.browseName.toString().should.eql("BaseVariableType");
-     * ```
-     */
-    public findVariableType(variableType: string | NodeId, namespaceIndex?: number): UAVariableType | null {
-        if (variableType instanceof NodeId) {
-            return _find_by_node_id<UAVariableType>(this, variableType, namespaceIndex);
-        }
-        const [namespace, browseName] = _extract_namespace_and_browse_name_as_string(this, variableType, namespaceIndex);
-        return namespace.findVariableType(browseName);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Find the DataType node from a NodeId or a browseName
-     * @param dataType {String|NodeId}
-     * @param [namespaceIndex=0 {Number}] an optional namespace index
-     * @return {DataType|null}
-     *
-     *
-     * @example
-     *
-     * ```javascript
-     *      const dataDouble = addressSpace.findDataType("Double");
-     *      const dataDouble = addressSpace.findDataType(resolveNodeId("ns=0;i=3"));
-     * ```
-     */
-    public findDataType(dataType: number | string | NodeId | DataType, namespaceIndex?: number): UADataType | null {
-        // startingNode i=24  :
-        // BaseDataType
-        // +-> Boolean (i=1) {BooleanDataType (ns=2:9898)
-        // +-> String (i=12)
-        //     +->NumericRange
-        //     +->Time
-        // +-> DateTime
-        // +-> Structure
-        //       +-> Node
-        //            +-> ObjectNode
-        if (dataType instanceof UADataTypeImpl) {
-            return this.findDataType(dataType.nodeId);
-        } else if (dataType instanceof NodeId) {
-            return _find_by_node_id<UADataType>(this, dataType, namespaceIndex);
-        }
-        if (typeof dataType === "number") {
-            if (DataType[dataType] !== undefined) {
-                return this.findDataType(makeNodeId(dataType, 0)) as UADataType;
-            } else {
-                return this.findDataType(resolveNodeId(dataType));
-            }
-        }
-        const res = _extract_namespace_and_browse_name_as_string(this, dataType, namespaceIndex);
-        const namespace = res[0];
-        const browseName = res[1];
-        return namespace.findDataType(browseName) as UADataType;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     *
-     * @example
-     *
-     *     const dataType = addressSpace.findDataType("ns=0;i=12");
-     *     addressSpace.findCorrespondingBasicDataType(dataType).should.eql(DataType.String);
-     *
-     *     const dataType = addressSpace.findDataType("ServerStatusDataType"); // ServerStatus
-     *     addressSpace.findCorrespondingBasicDataType(dataType).should.eql(DataType.ExtensionObject);
-     *
-     */
-    public findCorrespondingBasicDataType(dataTypeNode: NodeIdLike | UADataType): DataType {
-        const _orig_dataTypeNode = dataTypeNode;
-        if (typeof dataTypeNode === "string") {
-            const resolvedDataType = this.resolveNodeId(dataTypeNode);
-            /* c8 ignore next */
-            if (!resolvedDataType) {
-                throw new Error(`Cannot resolve ${_orig_dataTypeNode.toString()}`);
-            }
-            dataTypeNode = resolvedDataType;
-        }
-
-        if (dataTypeNode instanceof NodeId) {
-            const foundDataTypeNode = this.findDataType(dataTypeNode);
-            /* c8 ignore next */
-            if (!foundDataTypeNode) {
-                throw Error(`cannot find dataTypeNode ${_orig_dataTypeNode.toString()}`);
-            }
-            dataTypeNode = foundDataTypeNode;
-        }
-        /* c8 ignore next */
-        if (!(dataTypeNode instanceof UADataTypeImpl)) {
-            throw new Error(
-                "we are expecting an UADataType here :  " +
-                    _orig_dataTypeNode.toString() +
-                    " should not refer to a  " +
-                    (dataTypeNode as BaseNode).browseName.name
-            );
-        }
-
-        if (sameNodeId(enumerationTypeNodeId, dataTypeNode?.nodeId)) {
-            return DataType.Int32;
-        }
-        const n = dataTypeNode.nodeId as INodeId;
-
-        if (n.namespace === 0 && n.value === 29) {
-            // Number
-            return DataType.Null; //which one ?
-        }
-
-        if (n.namespace === 0 && n.value === 0) {
-            return DataType.Null;
-        }
-
-        if (n.identifierType === NodeIdType.NUMERIC && n.namespace === 0 && n.value <= 25) {
-            return n.value as DataType;
-        }
-
-        const result = this.findCorrespondingBasicDataType(dataTypeNode.subtypeOfObj as UADataType);
-
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * find a ReferenceType by its inverse name.
-     * @param inverseName  the inverse name of the ReferenceType to find
-     * @deprecated
-     */
-    public findReferenceTypeFromInverseName(inverseName: string): UAReferenceType | null {
-        return this.getDefaultNamespace().findReferenceTypeFromInverseName(inverseName) as UAReferenceType;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * @param refType {String|NodeId}
-     * @param [namespaceIndex=0 {Number}] an optional namespace index
-     * @return {ReferenceType|null}
-     *
-     * refType could be
-     *   - a string representing a nodeid       : e.g.    `i=9004` or ns=1;i=6030
-     *   - a string representing a browse name  : e.g     `"HasTypeDefinition"`.
-     *     In this case it should be in the alias list.
-     *
-     */
-    public findReferenceType(refType: NodeIdLike, namespaceIndex?: number): UAReferenceType | null {
-        // startingNode ns=0;i=31 : References
-        //  +-> References i=31
-        //           +->(hasSubtype) NonHierarchicalReferences
-        //                  +->(hasSubtype) HasTypeDefinition
-        //           +->(hasSubtype) HierarchicalReferences
-        //                  +->(hasSubtype) HasChild/ChildOf
-        //                                  +->(hasSubtype) Aggregates/AggregatedBy
-        //                                                  +-> HasProperty/PropertyOf
-        //                                                  +-> HasComponent/ComponentOf
-        //                                                  +-> HasHistoricalConfiguration/HistoricalConfigurationOf
-        //                                 +->(hasSubtype) HasSubtype/HasSupertype
-        //                  +->(hasSubtype) Organizes/OrganizedBy
-        //                  +->(hasSubtype) HasEventSource/EventSourceOf
-        let node: UAReferenceType | null;
-
-        if ((!(refType instanceof NodeId) && isNodeIdString(refType)) || typeof refType === "number") {
-            refType = resolveNodeId(refType);
-        }
-        if (refType instanceof NodeId) {
-            node = this.findNode(refType) as UAReferenceType;
-            /* c8 ignore next */
-            if (!(node && node.nodeClass === NodeClass.ReferenceType)) {
-                // throw new Error("cannot resolve referenceId "+ refType.toString());
-                return null;
-            }
-        } else {
-            assert(typeof refType === "string");
-            node = this._findReferenceType(refType, namespaceIndex) as UAReferenceType;
-        }
-        return node;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * returns the inverse name of the referenceType.
-     *
-     * @param referenceType {String} : the reference type name
-     * @return {String} the name of the inverse reference type.
-     *
-     * @example
-     *
-     *    ```javascript
-     *    addressSpace.inverseReferenceType("OrganizedBy").should.eql("Organizes");
-     *    addressSpace.inverseReferenceType("Organizes").should.eql("OrganizedBy");
-     *    ```
-     *
-     */
-    public inverseReferenceType(referenceType: string): string {
-        assert(typeof referenceType === "string");
-        const n1 = this.findReferenceType(referenceType);
-        if (n1) {
-            return n1.inverseName?.text as string;
-        } else {
-            const n2 = this.findReferenceTypeFromInverseName(referenceType);
-            return n2?.browseName.toString() || "";
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * find an EventType node in the address space
-     * @param eventTypeId {String|NodeId|UAObjectType} the eventType to find
-     * @param namespaceIndex the namespace index of the event to find
-     * @return {UAObjectType|null} the EventType found or null.
-     *
-     * note:
-     *    - the method with throw an exception if a node is found
-     *      that is not a BaseEventType or a subtype of it.
-     *
-     * @example
-     *
-     *     var evtType = addressSpace.findEventType("AuditEventType");
-     *
-     */
-    public findEventType(eventTypeId: NodeIdLike | UAEventType, namespaceIndex?: number): UAEventType | null {
-        let eventType: UAEventType;
-
-        if (eventTypeId instanceof BaseNodeImpl) {
-            eventType = eventTypeId as BaseNode as UAEventType;
-        } else {
-            eventType = this.findObjectType(eventTypeId as NodeIdLike, namespaceIndex) as UAEventType;
-        }
-        if (!eventType) {
-            return null;
-        }
-
-        const baseEventType = this.findObjectType("BaseEventType");
-
-        /* c8 ignore next */
-        if (!baseEventType) {
-            throw new Error("expecting BaseEventType - please check you nodeset xml file!");
-        }
-
-        if (sameNodeId(eventType.nodeId, baseEventType.nodeId)) {
-            return eventType as UAObjectType;
-        }
-        /* eventTypeNode should be a sub type of "BaseEventType" */
-        /* c8 ignore next */
-        if (!eventType.isSubtypeOf(baseEventType)) {
-            throw new Error("findEventType: event found is not subType of BaseEventType");
-        }
-        return eventType as UAEventType;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * EventId is generated by the Server to uniquely identify a particular Event Notification.
-     * @return {Variant}  dataType: "ByteString"
-     */
-    public generateEventId(): VariantT<Buffer, DataType.ByteString> {
-        /*
-         * OpcUA 1.02 part 5 : 6.4.2 BaseEventType
-         * The Server is responsible to ensure that each Event has its unique EventId.
-         * It may do this, for example, by putting GUIDs into the ByteString.
-         * Clients can use the EventId to assist in minimizing or eliminating gaps and overlaps that may occur during
-         * a redundancy fail-over. The EventId shall always be returned as value and the Server is not allowed to
-         * return a StatusCode for the EventId indicating an error.
-         *
-         */
-        const offset = 16;
-        if (!this._eventIdCounter) {
-            this._eventIdCounter = randomBytes(20);
-            this._eventIdCounter.writeInt32BE(0, offset);
-        }
-        this._eventIdCounter.writeInt32BE(this._eventIdCounter.readInt32BE(offset) + 1, offset);
-
-        return new Variant({
-            dataType: DataType.ByteString,
-            value: Buffer.from(this._eventIdCounter)
-        }) as VariantT<Buffer, DataType.ByteString>;
-    }
-
-    /*=
-     * construct a simple javascript object with all the default properties of the event
-     *
-     *
-     * eventTypeId can be a UAEventType
-     *
-     * @private
-     */
-    public constructEventData(eventTypeId: UAEventType, dataInput: Record<string, unknown>): IEventData {
-        const data: RaiseEventData = (dataInput || {}) as RaiseEventData;
-
-        // construct the reference dataStructure to store event Data
-        let eventTypeNode: UAEventType | null = eventTypeId;
-
-        // make sure that eventType is really a object that derived from EventType
-        if (eventTypeId instanceof UAObjectTypeImpl) {
-            eventTypeNode = this.findEventType(eventTypeId) as UAEventType | null;
-        }
-        /* c8 ignore next */
-        if (!eventTypeNode) throw new Error(` cannot find EventType for ${eventTypeId}`);
-
-        assert(eventTypeNode instanceof UAObjectTypeImpl, "eventTypeId must represent a UAObjectType");
-
-        // eventId
-        assert(!Object.hasOwn(data, "eventId"), "eventId constructEventData : options object should not have eventId property");
-        data.eventId = data.eventId || this.generateEventId();
-
-        // eventType
-        data.eventType = { dataType: DataType.NodeId, value: eventTypeNode.nodeId };
-
-        // sourceNode
-        assert(Object.hasOwn(data, "sourceNode"), "expecting a source node to be defined");
-        data.sourceNode = new Variant(data.sourceNode);
-        assert(data.sourceNode.dataType === DataType.NodeId);
-
-        // sourceName
-        const sourceNode = this.findNode(data.sourceNode.value);
-        if (!sourceNode) {
-            warningLog(
-                `constructEventData: cannot find sourceNode ${data.sourceNode.value?.toString()} for event ${eventTypeNode.browseName.toString()}`
-            );
-        }
-        data.sourceName = data.sourceName || {
-            dataType: DataType.String,
-            value: sourceNode?.getDisplayName("en") || ""
-        };
-
-        const nowUTC = new Date();
-
-        // time (UtcTime)
-        // TODO
-        data.time = data.time || { dataType: DataType.DateTime, value: nowUTC };
-
-        // receivedTime  (UtcTime)
-        // TODO
-        data.receiveTime = data.receiveTime || { dataType: DataType.DateTime, value: nowUTC };
-
-        // localTime  (UtcTime)
-        // TODO
-        data.localTime = data.localTime || { dataType: DataType.DateTime, value: nowUTC };
-
-        // message  (LocalizedText)
-        data.message = data.message || { dataType: DataType.LocalizedText, value: { text: "" } };
-
-        // severity  (UInt16)
-        data.severity = data.severity || { dataType: DataType.UInt16, value: 0 };
-
-        // xx // reminder : event type cannot be instantiated directly !
-        // xx assert(eventTypeNode.isAbstract);
-
-        const baseObjectType = this.findObjectType("BaseObjectType"); // i=58
-        /* c8 ignore next */
-        if (!baseObjectType) {
-            throw new Error("BaseObjectType must be defined in the address space");
-        }
-
-        const hasProperty = (data: RaiseEventData, propertyName: string): boolean => Object.hasOwn(data, propertyName);
-
-        const visitedProperties: { [key: string]: number } = {};
-        const alreadyVisited = (key: string) => Object.hasOwn(visitedProperties, key);
-        const markAsVisited = (key: string) => (visitedProperties[key] = 1);
-
-        function _process_var(self: BaseNode, prefixLower: string, prefixStandard: string, node: BaseNode) {
-            const lowerName = prefixLower + lowerFirstLetter(node.browseName?.name || "");
-            const fullBrowsePath = prefixStandard + node.browseName.toString();
-            if (alreadyVisited(lowerName)) {
-                return;
-            }
-            markAsVisited(lowerName);
-
-            if (hasProperty(data, lowerName)) {
-                eventData._createValue(fullBrowsePath, node, data[lowerName] as VariantOptions);
-            } else {
-                // add a property , but with a null variant
-                eventData._createValue(fullBrowsePath, node, { dataType: DataType.Null });
-
-                // c8 ignore next
-                if (doDebug) {
-                    if (node.modellingRule === "Mandatory") {
-                        errorLog(
-                            chalk.red("ERROR : AddressSpace#constructEventData(eventType,options) " + "cannot find property ") +
-                                self.browseName.toString() +
-                                " => " +
-                                chalk.cyan(lowerName)
-                        );
-                    } else {
-                        errorLog(
-                            chalk.yellow(
-                                "Warning : AddressSpace#constructEventData(eventType,options)" + " cannot find property "
-                            ) +
-                                self.browseName.toString() +
-                                " => " +
-                                chalk.cyan(lowerName)
-                        );
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        // verify that all elements of data are valid
-        function verify_data_is_valid(data1: Record<string, unknown>) {
-            Object.keys(data1).forEach((k: string) => {
-                if (k === "$eventDataSource") {
-                    return;
-                }
-                /* c8 ignore next */
-                if (!alreadyVisited(k)) {
-                    warningLog(
-                        "constructEventData:  cannot find property '" +
-                            k +
-                            "' in [ " +
-                            Object.keys(visitedProperties).join(", ") +
-                            "] when filling " +
-                            eventTypeNode?.browseName.toString()
-                    );
-                }
-            });
-        }
-
-        const populate_data = (self: UAObjectType, eventData1: EventData) => {
-            if (sameNodeId(baseObjectType?.nodeId, self.nodeId)) {
-                return; // nothing to do
-            }
-
-            const baseTypeNodeId = self.subtypeOf;
-            /* c8 ignore next */
-            if (!baseTypeNodeId) {
-                throw new Error(`Object ${self.browseName.toString()} with nodeId ${self.nodeId} has no Type`);
-            }
-
-            const baseType = this.findNode(baseTypeNodeId);
-            /* c8 ignore next */
-            if (!baseType) {
-                throw new Error(chalk.red("Cannot find object with nodeId ") + baseTypeNodeId);
-            }
-
-            // subtypeOf always points to another node in the ObjectType hierarchy
-            populate_data(baseType as UAObjectType, eventData1);
-
-            // get properties and components from base class
-            const properties = self.getProperties();
-            const components = self.getComponents();
-            const children = ([] as BaseNode[]).concat(properties, components);
-
-            // c8 ignore next
-            if (doDebug) {
-                debugLog(` ${chalk.bgWhite.cyan(self.browseName.toString())}`);
-            }
-
-            for (const node of children) {
-                // only keep those that have a "HasModellingRule"
-                if (!node.modellingRule) {
-                    continue;
-                }
-                // ignore also methods
-                if (node.nodeClass === NodeClass.Method) {
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                _process_var(self, "", "", node);
-
-                // also store value in index
-                // xx eventData.__nodes[node.nodeId.toString()] = eventData[lowerName];
-
-                const children2 = node.getAggregates();
-                if (children2.length > 0) {
-                    const lowerName = lowerFirstLetter(node.browseName.name || "");
-                    const standardName = node.browseName.toString();
-                    for (const child2 of children2) {
-                        _process_var(self, `${lowerName}.`, `${standardName}.`, child2);
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        };
-
-        const eventData = new EventData(eventTypeNode);
-
-        // verify standard properties...
-        populate_data(eventTypeNode, eventData);
-
-        verify_data_is_valid(data);
-
-        return eventData;
-    }
-
-    // - Browse --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    /**
-     * browse some path.
-     *
-     * @param  {BrowsePath} browsePath
-     * @return {BrowsePathResult}
-     *
-     * This service can be used translates one or more browse paths into NodeIds.
-     * A browse path is constructed of a starting Node and a RelativePath. The specified starting Node
-     * identifies the Node from which the RelativePath is based. The RelativePath contains a sequence of
-     * ReferenceTypes and BrowseNames.
-     *
-     *   |StatusCode                    |                                                            |
-     *   |------------------------------|:-----------------------------------------------------------|
-     *   |BadNodeIdUnknown              |                                                            |
-     *   |BadNodeIdInvalid              |                                                            |
-     *   |BadNothingToDo                | - the relative path contains an empty list )               |
-     *   |BadBrowseNameInvalid          | - target name is missing in relative path                  |
-     *   |UncertainReferenceOutOfServer | - The path element has targets which are in another server.|
-     *   |BadTooManyMatches             |                                                            |
-     *   |BadQueryTooComplex            |                                                            |
-     *   |BadNoMatch                    |                                                            |
-     *
-     *
-     *
-     */
-    public browsePath(browsePath: BrowsePath): BrowsePathResult {
-        assert(browsePath instanceof BrowsePath);
-
-        const startingNode = this.findNode(browsePath.startingNode);
-
-        if (!startingNode) {
-            return new BrowsePathResult({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadNodeIdUnknown });
-        }
-
-        if (!browsePath.relativePath.elements || browsePath.relativePath.elements.length === 0) {
-            return new BrowsePathResult({
-                statusCode: StatusCodes.BadNothingToDo,
-                targets: []
-            });
-        }
-
-        const elements_length = browsePath.relativePath.elements.length;
-        // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-        // verify standard RelativePath construction
-        //   from OPCUA 1.03 - PArt 3 - 7.6 RelativePath:
-        //   TargetName  The BrowseName of the target node.
-        //               The final element may have an empty targetName. In this situation all targets of the
-        //               references identified by the referenceTypeId are the targets of the RelativePath.
-        //               The targetName shall be specified for all other elements.
-        //               The current path cannot be followed any further if no targets with the specified
-        //               BrowseName exist.
-        //   Let's detect null targetName which are not in last position and return BadBrowseNameInvalid if not
-        //
-        const empty_targetName_not_in_lastPos = browsePath.relativePath.elements.reduce((prev, e, index) => {
-            const is_last = index + 1 === elements_length;
-            const isBad = !is_last && (!e.targetName || e.targetName.isEmpty());
-            return prev + (isBad ? 1 : 0);
-        }, 0);
-        if (empty_targetName_not_in_lastPos) {
-            return new BrowsePathResult({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadBrowseNameInvalid });
-        }
-
-        // from OPCUA 1.03 - PArt 3 - 5.8.4 TranslateBrowsePathToNodeIds
-        // TranslateBrowsePathToNodeIds further restrict RelativePath targetName rules:
-        // The last element in the relativePath shall always have a targetName specified.
-        const last_el = browsePath.relativePath.elements[elements_length - 1];
-        if (!last_el.targetName?.name || last_el.targetName.name.length === 0) {
-            return new BrowsePathResult({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadBrowseNameInvalid });
-        }
-
-        const res: BrowsePathTargetOptions[] = [];
-
-        const explore_element = (curNodeObject: BaseNode, elements: RelativePathElement[], index: number) => {
-            const element = elements[index];
-            const is_last = index + 1 === elements.length;
-            const nodeIds = curNodeObject.browseNodeByTargetName(element, is_last);
-            const targets = nodeIds.map((nodeId: NodeId) => {
-                return {
-                    remainingPathIndex: elements.length - index,
-                    targetId: nodeId
-                };
-            });
-
-            if (!is_last) {
-                // explorer
-                for (const target of targets) {
-                    const node = this.findNode(target.targetId);
-                    if (!node) {
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                    explore_element(node, elements, index + 1);
-                }
-            } else {
-                for (const target of targets) {
-                    res.push({
-                        remainingPathIndex: 0xffffffff,
-                        targetId: coerceExpandedNodeId(target.targetId)
-                    });
-                }
-            }
-        };
-
-        explore_element(startingNode, browsePath.relativePath.elements, 0);
-
-        if (res.length === 0) {
-            return new BrowsePathResult({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadNoMatch });
-        }
-
-        return new BrowsePathResult({
-            statusCode: StatusCodes.Good,
-            targets: res
-        });
-    }
-
-    // - Extension Object ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    public getExtensionObjectConstructor(dataType: NodeId | UADataType): ExtensionObjectConstructorFuncWithSchema {
-        assert(dataType, "expecting a dataType");
-
-        if (dataType instanceof NodeId) {
-            const tmp = this.findNode(dataType);
-            /* c8 ignore next */
-            if (!tmp) {
-                throw new Error(`getExtensionObjectConstructor: cannot resolve dataType ${dataType}`);
-            }
-            dataType = tmp as UADataType;
-        }
-        /* c8 ignore next */
-        if (!(dataType instanceof UADataTypeImpl)) {
-            // may be dataType was the NodeId of the "Binary Encoding" node
-            throw new Error(`getExtensionObjectConstructor: dataType has unexpected type${dataType}`);
-        }
-        const _dataType = dataType as UADataTypeImpl;
-
-        // to do verify that dataType is of type "Structure"
-        const structureDataType = this.findDataType("Structure");
-        /* c8 ignore next */
-        if (!structureDataType) {
-            throw new Error("getExtensionObjectConstructor: cannot find 'Structure' DataType in standard address Space");
-        }
-        /* c8 ignore next */
-        if (!_dataType.isSubtypeOf(structureDataType)) {
-            // c8 ignore next
-            doDebug && debugLog(_dataType.toString());
-        }
-        assert(_dataType.isSubtypeOf(structureDataType));
-        if (!_dataType._extensionObjectConstructor) {
-            if (!this.$$extraDataTypeManager) {
-                throw new Error(
-                    `getExtensionObjectConstructor: cannot build a constructor for ${_dataType.browseName.toString()} (${_dataType.nodeId.toString()}): ` +
-                        "the DataType manager is not initialised. " +
-                        "Make sure generateAddressSpace() completed successfully and/or that ensureDatatypeExtracted(addressSpace) was awaited before using structured DataTypes."
-                );
-            }
-            const dataTypeManager = this.$$extraDataTypeManager;
-            _dataType._extensionObjectConstructor = dataTypeManager.getExtensionObjectConstructorFromDataType(
-                _dataType.nodeId
-            ) as ExtensionObjectConstructorFuncWithSchema;
-        }
-        assert(_dataType._extensionObjectConstructor, "dataType must have a constructor");
-        const Constructor = _dataType._extensionObjectConstructor;
-        return Constructor;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * @param dataType
-     * @param [options]
-     * @return the constructed extension object
-     *
-     *
-     * @example
-     *
-     *             // example 1
-     *             var extObj = addressSpace.constructExtensionObject("BuildInfo",{ productName: "PRODUCT_NAME"});
-     *
-     *             // example 2
-     *             serverStatusDataType.nodeClass.should.eql(NodeClass.DataType);
-     *             serverStatusDataType.browseName.toString().should.eql("ServerStatusDataType");
-     *             var serverStatus  = addressSpace.constructExtensionObject(serverStatusDataType);
-     *             serverStatus.should.be.instanceof(ServerStatusDataType);
-     */
-    public constructExtensionObject(dataType: UADataType | NodeId, options?: Record<string, unknown>): ExtensionObject {
-        const Constructor = this.getExtensionObjectConstructor(dataType);
-        return new Constructor(options);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * cleanup all resources maintained by this addressSpace.
-     */
-    public dispose(): void {
-        this._namespaceArray.map((namespace: NamespacePrivate) => namespace.dispose());
-        AddressSpace.registry.unregister(this);
-        /* c8 ignore next */
-        if (this._shutdownTask && this._shutdownTask.length > 0) {
-            throw new Error("AddressSpace#dispose : shutdown has not been called");
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * register a function that will be called when the server will perform its shut down.
-     */
-    public registerShutdownTask(task: ShutdownTask): void {
-        this._shutdownTask = this._shutdownTask || [];
-        assert(typeof task === "function");
-        this._shutdownTask.push(task);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Register a method call interceptor.
-     * Interceptors are called sequentially before each UAMethod.execute().
-     * If any interceptor returns a non-Good StatusCode, the method call
-     * is rejected and subsequent interceptors are skipped.
-     */
-    public addMethodCallInterceptor(interceptor: MethodCallInterceptor): void {
-        assert(typeof interceptor === "function");
-        this._methodCallInterceptors.push(interceptor);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Remove a previously registered method call interceptor.
-     */
-    public removeMethodCallInterceptor(interceptor: MethodCallInterceptor): void {
-        const index = this._methodCallInterceptors.indexOf(interceptor);
-        if (index !== -1) {
-            this._methodCallInterceptors.splice(index, 1);
-        }
-    }
-
-    public async shutdown(): Promise<void> {
-        const performTasks = async (tasks: ShutdownTask[]) => {
-            // perform registerShutdownTask
-            for (const task of tasks) {
-                await task.call(this);
-            }
-        };
-        if (this._shutdownTask) {
-            const tasks = this._shutdownTask;
-            this._shutdownTask = [];
-            await performTasks(tasks);
-        }
-    }
-
-    public browseSingleNode(nodeId: NodeIdLike, browseDescription: BrowseDescription, context?: ISessionContext): BrowseResult {
-        const browseResult: BrowseResultOptions = {
-            continuationPoint: undefined,
-            references: null,
-            statusCode: StatusCodes.Good
-        };
-
-        if (!browseDescription || browseDescription.browseDirection === BrowseDirection.Invalid) {
-            browseResult.statusCode = StatusCodes.BadBrowseDirectionInvalid;
-            return new BrowseResult(browseResult);
-        }
-
-        browseDescription.browseDirection = adjustBrowseDirection(browseDescription.browseDirection, BrowseDirection.Forward);
-
-        /* c8 ignore next */
-        if (typeof nodeId === "number") {
-            throw new Error("Not Implemented");
-        }
-
-        if (typeof nodeId === "string") {
-            const node = this.findNode(this.resolveNodeId(nodeId));
-            if (node) {
-                nodeId = node.nodeId;
-            }
-        }
-
-        // check if referenceTypeId is correct
-        if (browseDescription.referenceTypeId instanceof NodeId) {
-            if (browseDescription.referenceTypeId.value === 0) {
-                (browseDescription as unknown as { referenceTypeId: NodeId | null }).referenceTypeId = null;
-            } else {
-                const rf = this.findNode(browseDescription.referenceTypeId);
-                if (!rf || !(rf instanceof UAReferenceTypeImpl)) {
-                    browseResult.statusCode = StatusCodes.BadReferenceTypeIdInvalid;
-                    return new BrowseResult(browseResult);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        const obj = this.findNode(nodeId);
-
-        if (!obj) {
-            // Object Not Found
-            browseResult.statusCode = StatusCodes.BadNodeIdUnknown;
-        } else {
-            browseResult.statusCode = StatusCodes.Good;
-            browseResult.references = obj.browseNode(browseDescription, context);
-        }
-        return new BrowseResult(browseResult);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * @param folder
-     * @private
-     */
-    public _coerceFolder(folder: UAObject): BaseNode | null {
-        folder = this._coerceNode(folder) as UAObject;
-        /* c8 ignore next */
-        if (folder && !_isFolder(this, folder)) {
-            throw new Error(`Parent folder must be of FolderType ${folder.typeDefinition.toString()}`);
-        }
-        return folder;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     *
-     * @param view
-     * @param modelChange
-     * @private
-     */
-    public _collectModelChange(_view: UAView | null, modelChange: ModelChangeStructureDataType): void {
-        this._modelChanges.push(modelChange);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     *
-     * walk up the hierarchy of objects until a view is found
-     * objects may belong to multiples views.
-     * Note: this method doesn't return the main view => Server object.
-     * @param node {BaseNode}
-     * @return {BaseNode[]}
-     */
-    /**
-     *
-     * @param node
-     * @private
-     */
-    public extractRootViews(node: UAObject | UAVariable): UAView[] {
-        assert(node.nodeClass === NodeClass.Object || node.nodeClass === NodeClass.Variable);
-
-        const visitedMap: Record<string, BaseNode> = {};
-
-        const q = new Dequeue();
-        q.push(node);
-
-        const objectsFolder = this.rootFolder.objects;
-        assert(objectsFolder instanceof UAObjectImpl);
-
-        const results: UAView[] = [];
-
-        while (q.length) {
-            node = q.shift();
-
-            const references = node.findReferencesEx("HierarchicalReferences", BrowseDirection.Inverse);
-
-            const parentNodes = references.map((r: UAReference) => ReferenceImpl.resolveReferenceNode(this, r) as BaseNode);
-
-            for (const parent of parentNodes) {
-                if (sameNodeId(parent.nodeId, objectsFolder.nodeId)) {
-                    continue; // nothing to do
-                }
-                if (parent.nodeClass === NodeClass.View) {
-                    results.push(parent as UAView);
-                } else {
-                    const key = parent.nodeId.toString();
-                    if (Object.hasOwn(visitedMap, key)) {
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                    visitedMap[key] = parent;
-                    q.push(parent);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        return results;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     *
-     * @param func
-     * @private
-     */
-    public modelChangeTransaction(func: () => void): void {
-        this._modelChangeTransactionCounter = this._modelChangeTransactionCounter || 0;
-
-        function beginModelChange(this: AddressSpace) {
-            this._modelChanges = this._modelChanges || [];
-            assert(this._modelChangeTransactionCounter >= 0);
-            this._modelChangeTransactionCounter += 1;
-        }
-
-        function endModelChange(this: AddressSpace) {
-            this._modelChangeTransactionCounter -= 1;
-
-            if (this._modelChangeTransactionCounter === 0) {
-                if (this._modelChanges.length === 0) {
-                    return; // nothing to do
-                }
-                // increase version number of participating nodes
-
-                // https://github.com/you-dont-need/You-Dont-Need-Lodash-Underscore
-                // const nodeIds = _.uniq(this._modelChanges.map((c: any) => c.affected));
-                const nodeIds = [...new Set(this._modelChanges.map((c) => c.affected))];
-
-                const nodes = nodeIds.map((nodeId: NodeId) => this.findNode(nodeId));
-
-                nodes.forEach(_increase_version_number);
-                // raise events
-
-                if (this.rootFolder.objects.server) {
-                    const eventTypeNode = this.findEventType("GeneralModelChangeEventType");
-
-                    if (eventTypeNode) {
-                        this.rootFolder.objects.server.raiseEvent(eventTypeNode, {
-                            // Part 5 - 6.4.32 GeneralModelChangeEventType
-                            changes: {
-                                dataType: DataType.ExtensionObject,
-                                arrayType: VariantArrayType.Array,
-                                value: this._modelChanges
-                            }
-                        });
-                    }
-                }
-                this._modelChanges = [];
-                // _notifyModelChange(this);
-            }
-        }
-
-        beginModelChange.call(this);
-        try {
-            func();
-        } catch (err) {
-            errorLog("modelChangeTransaction", (err as Error)?.message);
-            throw err;
-        } finally {
-            endModelChange.call(this);
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * normalize the ReferenceType field of the Reference Object
-     * @param params.referenceType  {String|nodeId}
-     * @param params.isForward  {Boolean} default value: true;
-     * @return {Object} a new reference object  with the normalized name { referenceType: <value>, isForward: <flag>}
-     */
-    public normalizeReferenceType(params: AddReferenceOpts | ReferenceImpl): UAReference {
-        if (params instanceof ReferenceImpl) {
-            // a reference has already been normalized
-            return params;
-        }
-        // ----------------------------------------------- handle is forward
-        assert(params.isForward === undefined || typeof params.isForward === "boolean");
-        params.isForward = isNullOrUndefined(params.isForward) ? true : !!params.isForward;
-
-        // referenceType = Organizes   , isForward = true =>   referenceType = Organizes , isForward = true
-        // referenceType = Organizes   , isForward = false =>  referenceType = Organizes , isForward = false
-        // referenceType = OrganizedBy , isForward = true =>   referenceType = Organizes , isForward = **false**
-        // referenceType = OrganizedBy , isForward = false =>  referenceType = Organizes , isForward =  **true**
-
-        // ----------------------------------------------- handle referenceType
-        if (params.referenceType instanceof UAReferenceTypeImpl) {
-            params.referenceType = params.referenceType as UAReferenceTypeImpl;
-            params.referenceType = params.referenceType.nodeId;
-        } else if (typeof params.referenceType === "string") {
-            const inv = this.findReferenceTypeFromInverseName(params.referenceType);
-            if (inv) {
-                params.referenceType = inv.nodeId;
-                params._referenceType = inv;
-                params.isForward = !params.isForward;
-            } else {
-                params.referenceType = resolveNodeId(params.referenceType);
-                const refType = this.findReferenceType(params.referenceType);
-                if (refType) {
-                    params._referenceType = refType;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        assert(params.referenceType instanceof NodeId);
-
-        // ----------- now resolve target NodeId;
-        if (params.nodeId instanceof BaseNodeImpl) {
-            assert(!Object.hasOwn(params, "node"));
-            params.node = params.nodeId as BaseNode;
-            params.nodeId = params.node.nodeId;
-        } else {
-            let _nodeId = params.nodeId as NodeId;
-            assert(!!_nodeId, "missing 'nodeId' in reference");
-            const _nodeIdWithNodeId = _nodeId as unknown as { nodeId?: NodeId };
-            if (_nodeId && _nodeIdWithNodeId.nodeId) {
-                _nodeId = _nodeIdWithNodeId.nodeId;
-            }
-            _nodeId = resolveNodeId(_nodeId);
-            params.nodeId = _nodeId;
-        }
-        return new ReferenceImpl(params);
-    }
-
-    public normalizeReferenceTypes(references?: AddReferenceOpts[] | ReferenceImpl[] | null): UAReference[] {
-        if (!references || references.length === 0) {
-            return [];
-        }
-        return references.map((el) => this.normalizeReferenceType(el));
-    }
-
-    // -- Historical Node  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    /**
-     *
-     * @param node
-     * @param options
-     */
-    public installHistoricalDataNode(node: UAVariable, options?: IHistoricalDataNodeOptions): void {
-        AddressSpace_installHistoricalDataNode.call(this, node as UAVariableImpl, options);
-    }
-
-    // -- Alarms & Conditions  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    /**
-     *
-     */
-    public installAlarmsAndConditionsService(): void {
-        UAConditionImplBase.install_condition_refresh_handle(this);
-        UAAcknowledgeableConditionImplBase.install_method_handle_on_type(this);
-    }
-
-    // -- internal stuff -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    public _coerceNode(node: string | BaseNode | NodeId): BaseNode | null {
-        // coerce to BaseNode object
-        if (node instanceof BaseNodeImpl) {
-            return node as BaseNode;
-        }
-        // it's a node id like
-        // coerce parent folder to an object
-        const returnValue = this.findNode(resolveNodeId(node as NodeIdLike));
-        /*
-         if (!hasTypeDefinition(node as BaseNode)) {
-             node = this.findNode(node.nodeId) || node;
-             if (!node || !hasTypeDefinition(node)) {
-                 return null;
-             }
-         }
-         */
-        return returnValue;
-    }
-
-    public _coerce_DataType(dataType: number | NodeId | string | BaseNode): NodeId {
-        if (dataType instanceof NodeId) {
-            // xx assert(self.findDataType(dataType));
-            return dataType;
-        }
-        if (dataType === 0) {
-            return NodeId.nullNodeId;
-        }
-        return this._coerce_Type(dataType, DataTypeIds, "DataTypeIds", AddressSpace.prototype.findDataType);
-    }
-
-    public _coerceTypeDefinition(typeDefinition: string | NodeId): NodeId {
-        if (typeof typeDefinition === "string") {
-            // coerce parent folder to an node
-            const typeDefinitionNode = this.findNode(typeDefinition);
-            /* c8 ignore next */
-            if (!typeDefinitionNode) {
-                throw new Error(`_coerceTypeDefinition: cannot find node ${typeDefinition}`);
-            }
-            typeDefinition = typeDefinitionNode.nodeId;
-        }
-        assert(typeDefinition instanceof NodeId);
-        return typeDefinition;
-    }
-
-    public _coerceType<T extends BaseNode>(baseType: string | NodeId | BaseNode, topMostBaseType: string, nodeClass: NodeClass): T {
-        assert(typeof topMostBaseType === "string");
-        const topMostBaseTypeNode = this.findNode(topMostBaseType) as T;
-
-        /* c8 ignore next */
-        if (!topMostBaseTypeNode) {
-            throw new Error(`Cannot find topMostBaseTypeNode ${topMostBaseType.toString()}`);
-        }
-        assert(topMostBaseTypeNode instanceof BaseNodeImpl);
-        assert(topMostBaseTypeNode.nodeClass === nodeClass);
-
-        if (!baseType) {
-            return topMostBaseTypeNode;
-        }
-        assert(typeof baseType === "string" || baseType instanceof BaseNodeImpl || baseType instanceof NodeId);
-        let baseTypeNode: T;
-        if (baseType instanceof BaseNodeImpl) {
-            baseTypeNode = baseType as BaseNode as T;
-        } else {
-            baseTypeNode = this.findNode(baseType as NodeIdLike) as T;
-        }
-
-        /* c8 ignore next*/
-        if (!baseTypeNode) {
-            throw new Error(`Cannot find ObjectType or VariableType for ${baseType.toString()}`);
-        }
-        const baseTypeNodeWithIsSubtypeOf = baseTypeNode as unknown as { isSubtypeOf?: (t: BaseNode) => boolean };
-        /* c8 ignore next */
-        if (!baseTypeNodeWithIsSubtypeOf.isSubtypeOf) {
-            throw new Error(`Cannot find ObjectType or VariableType for ${baseType.toString()}`);
-        }
-        /* c8 ignore next */
-        if (!baseTypeNodeWithIsSubtypeOf.isSubtypeOf(topMostBaseTypeNode)) {
-            throw new Error("wrong type ");
-        }
-        return baseTypeNode;
-    }
-
-    public _coerce_VariableTypeIds(dataType: NodeId | string | BaseNode): NodeId {
-        return this._coerce_Type(dataType, VariableTypeIds, "VariableTypeIds", AddressSpace.prototype.findVariableType);
-    }
-
-    public _register(node: BaseNode): void {
-        assert(node.nodeId instanceof NodeId);
-        const namespace = this.getNamespace(node.nodeId.namespace);
-        namespace._register(node);
-    }
-
-    public deleteNode(nodeOrNodeId: NodeId | BaseNode): void {
-        _getNamespace(this, nodeOrNodeId).deleteNode(nodeOrNodeId);
-    }
-
-    public isEnumeration(dataType: NodeId): boolean {
-        // DataType must be one of Enumeration
-        const dataTypeNode = this.findDataType(dataType) as UADataType;
-        if (!dataTypeNode) {
-            throw new Error(` Cannot find  DataType  ${dataType.toString()} in standard address Space`);
-        }
-
-        const enumerationNode = this.findDataType("Enumeration");
-        if (!enumerationNode) {
-            throw new Error(" Cannot find 'Enumeration' DataType in standard address Space");
-        }
-        return dataTypeNode.isSubtypeOf(enumerationNode);
-    }
-
-    private _coerce_Type(
-        dataType: BaseNode | string | NodeId | number,
-        typeMap: Record<string, number | string>,
-        typeMapName: string,
-        finderMethod: (this: AddressSpace, nodeId: NodeId) => BaseNode | null
-    ): NodeId {
-        if (typeof dataType === "number") {
-            return this._coerce_Type(coerceNodeId(dataType), typeMap, typeMapName, finderMethod);
-        }
-        if (dataType instanceof BaseNodeImpl) {
-            dataType = dataType.nodeId;
-        }
-        assert(typeMap !== null && typeof typeMap === "object");
-        let nodeId: NodeId | null;
-        if (typeof dataType === "string") {
-            if (isNodeIdString(dataType)) {
-                const nodeId = this.resolveNodeId(dataType);
-                if (nodeId.isEmpty()) {
-                    // this is a valid dataType NodeId, but it has no definition in the address space
-                    return NodeId.nullNodeId;
-                }
-                const node = this.findNode(nodeId);
-                if (node) {
-                    // if dataType is a nodeId string, we can use it directly
-                    return node.nodeId;
-                } else {
-                    warningLog("Expecting valid nodeId of a DataType : ", nodeId.toString());
-                    return nodeId;
-                }
-            }
-            const namespace0 = this.getDefaultNamespace();
-            // resolve dataType
-            nodeId = namespace0.resolveAlias(dataType);
-            if (!nodeId) {
-                // dataType was not found in the aliases database
-                if (typeMap[dataType]) {
-                    nodeId = makeNodeId(typeMap[dataType], 0);
-                    return nodeId;
-                } else {
-                    nodeId = resolveNodeId(dataType);
-                }
-            }
-        } else if (typeof dataType === "number") {
-            nodeId = makeNodeId(dataType, 0);
-        } else {
-            nodeId = resolveNodeId(dataType as NodeIdLike);
-        }
-        /* c8 ignore next */
-        if (nodeId == null || !(nodeId instanceof NodeId)) {
-            throw new Error("Expecting valid nodeId ");
-        }
-        const el = finderMethod.call(this, nodeId);
-
-        if (!el) {
-            // verify that node Id exists in standard type map typeMap
-            const find = Object.values(typeMap).filter((a) => a === nodeId?.value);
-            /* c8 ignore next */
-            if (find.length !== 1) {
-                throw new Error(` cannot find ${dataType.toString()} in typeMap ${typeMapName} L = ${find.length}`);
-            }
-        }
-        return nodeId;
-    }
-
-    private _findReferenceType(refType: NodeId | string, namespaceIndex?: number): UAReferenceType | null {
-        if (refType instanceof NodeId) {
-            return _find_by_node_id<UAReferenceType>(this, refType, namespaceIndex);
-        }
-        const [namespace, browseName] = _extract_namespace_and_browse_name_as_string(this, refType, namespaceIndex);
-        return namespace.findReferenceType(browseName);
-    }
-}
-
-function _getNamespace(addressSpace: AddressSpace, nodeOrNodId: BaseNode | NodeId): NamespacePrivate {
-    const nodeId: NodeId = nodeOrNodId instanceof BaseNodeImpl ? nodeOrNodId.nodeId : (nodeOrNodId as NodeId);
-    return addressSpace.getNamespace(nodeId.namespace);
-}
-
-function _find_by_node_id<T extends BaseNode>(addressSpace: AddressSpace, nodeId: NodeId, _namespaceIndex?: number): T {
-    const obj = addressSpace.findNode(nodeId);
-    return obj as T;
-}
-
-/**
- * return true if nodeId is a UAFolder
- * @param addressSpace
- * @param folder
- * @return {Boolean}
- * @private
- */
-function _isFolder(addressSpace: AddressSpace, folder: UAObject): boolean {
-    const folderType = addressSpace.findObjectType("FolderType") as UAObjectType;
-    assert(folder instanceof BaseNodeImpl);
-    assert(folder.typeDefinitionObj);
-    return folder.typeDefinitionObj.isSubtypeOf(folderType);
-}
-
-function _increase_version_number(node: BaseNode | null) {
-    const uaNodeVersion = node?.getNodeVersion();
-    if (uaNodeVersion) {
-        const rawValue = uaNodeVersion.readValue().value.value || "";
-        let previousValue = parseInt(rawValue || "0", 10);
-        if (Number.isNaN(previousValue)) {
-            warningLog("NodeVersion was ", rawValue);
-            previousValue = 0;
-        }
-        uaNodeVersion.setValueFromSource({
-            dataType: DataType.String,
-            value: (previousValue + 1).toString()
-        });
-    }
-}