frida 16.2.1 → 16.2.3

package/releng/meson/mesonbuild/compilers/detect.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1396 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+# Copyright 2012-2022 The Meson development team
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from ..mesonlib import (
+    MesonException, EnvironmentException, MachineChoice, join_args,
+    search_version, is_windows, Popen_safe, Popen_safe_logged, windows_proof_rm,
+)
+from ..envconfig import BinaryTable
+from .. import mlog
+
+from ..linkers import guess_win_linker, guess_nix_linker
+
+import subprocess
+import platform
+import re
+import shutil
+import tempfile
+import os
+import typing as T
+
+if T.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .compilers import Compiler
+    from .c import CCompiler
+    from .cpp import CPPCompiler
+    from .fortran import FortranCompiler
+    from .rust import RustCompiler
+    from ..linkers.linkers import StaticLinker, DynamicLinker
+    from ..environment import Environment
+
+
+# Default compilers and linkers
+# =============================
+
+defaults: T.Dict[str, T.List[str]] = {}
+
+# List of potential compilers.
+if is_windows():
+    # Intel C and C++ compiler is icl on Windows, but icc and icpc elsewhere.
+    # Search for icl before cl, since Intel "helpfully" provides a
+    # cl.exe that returns *exactly the same thing* that microsofts
+    # cl.exe does, and if icl is present, it's almost certainly what
+    # you want.
+    defaults['c'] = ['icl', 'cl', 'cc', 'gcc', 'clang', 'clang-cl', 'pgcc']
+    # There is currently no pgc++ for Windows, only for  Mac and Linux.
+    defaults['cpp'] = ['icl', 'cl', 'c++', 'g++', 'clang++', 'clang-cl']
+    defaults['fortran'] = ['ifort', 'gfortran', 'flang', 'pgfortran', 'g95']
+    # Clang and clang++ are valid, but currently unsupported.
+    defaults['objc'] = ['cc', 'gcc']
+    defaults['objcpp'] = ['c++', 'g++']
+    defaults['cs'] = ['csc', 'mcs']
+else:
+    if platform.machine().lower() == 'e2k':
+        defaults['c'] = ['cc', 'gcc', 'lcc', 'clang']
+        defaults['cpp'] = ['c++', 'g++', 'l++', 'clang++']
+        defaults['objc'] = ['clang']
+        defaults['objcpp'] = ['clang++']
+    else:
+        defaults['c'] = ['cc', 'gcc', 'clang', 'nvc', 'pgcc', 'icc', 'icx']
+        defaults['cpp'] = ['c++', 'g++', 'clang++', 'nvc++', 'pgc++', 'icpc', 'icpx']
+        defaults['objc'] = ['cc', 'gcc', 'clang']
+        defaults['objcpp'] = ['c++', 'g++', 'clang++']
+    defaults['fortran'] = ['gfortran', 'flang', 'nvfortran', 'pgfortran', 'ifort', 'ifx', 'g95']
+    defaults['cs'] = ['mcs', 'csc']
+defaults['d'] = ['ldc2', 'ldc', 'gdc', 'dmd']
+defaults['java'] = ['javac']
+defaults['cuda'] = ['nvcc']
+defaults['rust'] = ['rustc']
+defaults['swift'] = ['swiftc']
+defaults['vala'] = ['valac']
+defaults['cython'] = ['cython', 'cython3'] # Official name is cython, but Debian renamed it to cython3.
+defaults['static_linker'] = ['ar', 'gar']
+defaults['strip'] = ['strip']
+defaults['vs_static_linker'] = ['lib']
+defaults['clang_cl_static_linker'] = ['llvm-lib']
+defaults['cuda_static_linker'] = ['nvlink']
+defaults['gcc_static_linker'] = ['gcc-ar']
+defaults['clang_static_linker'] = ['llvm-ar']
+defaults['nasm'] = ['nasm', 'yasm']
+
+
+def compiler_from_language(env: 'Environment', lang: str, for_machine: MachineChoice) -> T.Optional[Compiler]:
+    lang_map: T.Dict[str, T.Callable[['Environment', MachineChoice], Compiler]] = {
+        'c': detect_c_compiler,
+        'cpp': detect_cpp_compiler,
+        'objc': detect_objc_compiler,
+        'cuda': detect_cuda_compiler,
+        'objcpp': detect_objcpp_compiler,
+        'java': detect_java_compiler,
+        'cs': detect_cs_compiler,
+        'vala': detect_vala_compiler,
+        'd': detect_d_compiler,
+        'rust': detect_rust_compiler,
+        'fortran': detect_fortran_compiler,
+        'swift': detect_swift_compiler,
+        'cython': detect_cython_compiler,
+        'nasm': detect_nasm_compiler,
+        'masm': detect_masm_compiler,
+    }
+    return lang_map[lang](env, for_machine) if lang in lang_map else None
+
+def detect_compiler_for(env: 'Environment', lang: str, for_machine: MachineChoice, skip_sanity_check: bool, subproject: str) -> T.Optional[Compiler]:
+    comp = compiler_from_language(env, lang, for_machine)
+    if comp is None:
+        return comp
+    assert comp.for_machine == for_machine
+    env.coredata.process_compiler_options(lang, comp, env, subproject)
+    if not skip_sanity_check:
+        comp.sanity_check(env.get_scratch_dir(), env)
+    env.coredata.compilers[comp.for_machine][lang] = comp
+    return comp
+
+
+# Helpers
+# =======
+
+def _get_compilers(env: 'Environment', lang: str, for_machine: MachineChoice) -> T.Tuple[T.List[T.List[str]], T.List[str]]:
+    '''
+    The list of compilers is detected in the exact same way for
+    C, C++, ObjC, ObjC++, Fortran, CS so consolidate it here.
+    '''
+    value = env.lookup_binary_entry(for_machine, lang)
+    if value is not None:
+        comp, ccache = BinaryTable.parse_entry(value)
+        # Return value has to be a list of compiler 'choices'
+        compilers = [comp]
+    else:
+        if not env.machines.matches_build_machine(for_machine):
+            raise EnvironmentException(f'{lang!r} compiler binary not defined in cross or native file')
+        compilers = [[x] for x in defaults[lang]]
+        ccache = BinaryTable.detect_compiler_cache()
+
+    return compilers, ccache
+
+def _handle_exceptions(
+        exceptions: T.Mapping[str, T.Union[Exception, str]],
+        binaries: T.List[T.List[str]],
+        bintype: str = 'compiler') -> T.NoReturn:
+    errmsg = f'Unknown {bintype}(s): {binaries}'
+    if exceptions:
+        errmsg += '\nThe following exception(s) were encountered:'
+        for c, e in exceptions.items():
+            errmsg += f'\nRunning `{c}` gave "{e}"'
+    raise EnvironmentException(errmsg)
+
+
+# Linker specific
+# ===============
+
+def detect_static_linker(env: 'Environment', compiler: Compiler) -> StaticLinker:
+    from . import d
+    from ..linkers import linkers
+    linker = env.lookup_binary_entry(compiler.for_machine, 'ar')
+    if linker is not None:
+        trials = [linker]
+    else:
+        default_linkers = [[l] for l in defaults['static_linker']]
+        if compiler.language == 'cuda':
+            trials = [defaults['cuda_static_linker']] + default_linkers
+        elif compiler.get_argument_syntax() == 'msvc':
+            trials = [defaults['vs_static_linker'], defaults['clang_cl_static_linker']]
+        elif compiler.id == 'gcc':
+            # Use gcc-ar if available; needed for LTO
+            trials = [defaults['gcc_static_linker']] + default_linkers
+        elif compiler.id == 'clang':
+            # Use llvm-ar if available; needed for LTO
+            llvm_ar = defaults['clang_static_linker']
+            # Extract the version major of the compiler to use as a suffix
+            suffix = compiler.version.split('.')[0]
+            # Prefer suffixed llvm-ar first, then unsuffixed then the defaults
+            trials = [[f'{llvm_ar[0]}-{suffix}'], llvm_ar] + default_linkers
+        elif compiler.language == 'd':
+            # Prefer static linkers over linkers used by D compilers
+            if is_windows():
+                trials = [defaults['vs_static_linker'], defaults['clang_cl_static_linker'], compiler.get_linker_exelist()]
+            else:
+                trials = default_linkers
+        elif compiler.id == 'intel-cl' and compiler.language == 'c': # why not cpp? Is this a bug?
+            # Intel has it's own linker that acts like microsoft's lib
+            trials = [['xilib']]
+        elif is_windows() and compiler.id == 'pgi': # this handles cpp / nvidia HPC, in addition to just c/fortran
+            trials = [['ar']]  # For PGI on Windows, "ar" is just a wrapper calling link/lib.
+        elif is_windows() and compiler.id == 'nasm':
+            # This may well be LINK.EXE if it's under a MSVC environment
+            trials = [defaults['vs_static_linker'], defaults['clang_cl_static_linker']] + default_linkers
+        else:
+            trials = default_linkers
+    popen_exceptions = {}
+    for linker in trials:
+        linker_name = os.path.basename(linker[0])
+
+        if any(os.path.basename(x) in {'lib', 'lib.exe', 'llvm-lib', 'llvm-lib.exe', 'xilib', 'xilib.exe'} for x in linker):
+            arg = '/?'
+        elif linker_name in {'ar2000', 'ar2000.exe', 'ar430', 'ar430.exe', 'armar', 'armar.exe', 'ar6x', 'ar6x.exe'}:
+            arg = '?'
+        else:
+            arg = '--version'
+        try:
+            p, out, err = Popen_safe_logged(linker + [arg], msg='Detecting archiver via')
+        except OSError as e:
+            popen_exceptions[join_args(linker + [arg])] = e
+            continue
+        if "xilib: executing 'lib'" in err:
+            return linkers.IntelVisualStudioLinker(linker, getattr(compiler, 'machine', None))
+        if '/OUT:' in out.upper() or '/OUT:' in err.upper():
+            return linkers.VisualStudioLinker(linker, getattr(compiler, 'machine', None))
+        if 'ar-Error-Unknown switch: --version' in err:
+            return linkers.PGIStaticLinker(linker)
+        if p.returncode == 0 and 'armar' in linker_name:
+            return linkers.ArmarLinker(linker)
+        if 'DMD32 D Compiler' in out or 'DMD64 D Compiler' in out:
+            assert isinstance(compiler, d.DCompiler)
+            return linkers.DLinker(linker, compiler.arch)
+        if 'LDC - the LLVM D compiler' in out:
+            assert isinstance(compiler, d.DCompiler)
+            return linkers.DLinker(linker, compiler.arch, rsp_syntax=compiler.rsp_file_syntax())
+        if 'GDC' in out and ' based on D ' in out:
+            assert isinstance(compiler, d.DCompiler)
+            return linkers.DLinker(linker, compiler.arch)
+        if err.startswith('Renesas') and 'rlink' in linker_name:
+            return linkers.CcrxLinker(linker)
+        if out.startswith('GNU ar') and 'xc16-ar' in linker_name:
+            return linkers.Xc16Linker(linker)
+        if "-->  error: bad option 'e'" in err: # TI
+            if 'ar2000' in linker_name:
+                return linkers.C2000Linker(linker)
+            else:
+                return linkers.TILinker(linker)
+        if 'Texas Instruments Incorporated' in out:
+            if 'ar6000' in linker_name:
+                return linkers.C6000Linker(linker)
+        if out.startswith('The CompCert'):
+            return linkers.CompCertLinker(linker)
+        if out.strip().startswith('Metrowerks') or out.strip().startswith('Freescale'):
+            if 'ARM' in out:
+                return linkers.MetrowerksStaticLinkerARM(linker)
+            else:
+                return linkers.MetrowerksStaticLinkerEmbeddedPowerPC(linker)
+        if p.returncode == 0:
+            return linkers.ArLinker(compiler.for_machine, linker)
+        if p.returncode == 1 and err.startswith('usage'): # OSX
+            return linkers.AppleArLinker(compiler.for_machine, linker)
+        if p.returncode == 1 and err.startswith('Usage'): # AIX
+            return linkers.AIXArLinker(linker)
+        if p.returncode == 1 and err.startswith('ar: bad option: --'): # Solaris
+            return linkers.ArLinker(compiler.for_machine, linker)
+    _handle_exceptions(popen_exceptions, trials, 'linker')
+    raise EnvironmentException('Unreachable code (exception to make mypy happy)')
+
+
+# Compilers
+# =========
+
+
+def _detect_c_or_cpp_compiler(env: 'Environment', lang: str, for_machine: MachineChoice, *, override_compiler: T.Optional[T.List[str]] = None) -> Compiler:
+    """Shared implementation for finding the C or C++ compiler to use.
+
+    the override_compiler option is provided to allow compilers which use
+    the compiler (GCC or Clang usually) as their shared linker, to find
+    the linker they need.
+    """
+    from . import c, cpp
+    from ..linkers import linkers
+    popen_exceptions: T.Dict[str, T.Union[Exception, str]] = {}
+    compilers, ccache = _get_compilers(env, lang, for_machine)
+    if override_compiler is not None:
+        compilers = [override_compiler]
+    is_cross = env.is_cross_build(for_machine)
+    info = env.machines[for_machine]
+    cls: T.Union[T.Type[CCompiler], T.Type[CPPCompiler]]
+    lnk: T.Union[T.Type[StaticLinker], T.Type[DynamicLinker]]
+
+    for compiler in compilers:
+        if isinstance(compiler, str):
+            compiler = [compiler]
+        compiler_name = os.path.basename(compiler[0])
+
+        if any(os.path.basename(x) in {'cl', 'cl.exe', 'clang-cl', 'clang-cl.exe'} for x in compiler):
+            # Watcom C provides it's own cl.exe clone that mimics an older
+            # version of Microsoft's compiler. Since Watcom's cl.exe is
+            # just a wrapper, we skip using it if we detect its presence
+            # so as not to confuse Meson when configuring for MSVC.
+            #
+            # Additionally the help text of Watcom's cl.exe is paged, and
+            # the binary will not exit without human intervention. In
+            # practice, Meson will block waiting for Watcom's cl.exe to
+            # exit, which requires user input and thus will never exit.
+            if 'WATCOM' in os.environ:
+                def sanitize(p: str) -> str:
+                    return os.path.normcase(os.path.abspath(p))
+
+                watcom_cls = [sanitize(os.path.join(os.environ['WATCOM'], 'BINNT', 'cl')),
+                              sanitize(os.path.join(os.environ['WATCOM'], 'BINNT', 'cl.exe')),
+                              sanitize(os.path.join(os.environ['WATCOM'], 'BINNT64', 'cl')),
+                              sanitize(os.path.join(os.environ['WATCOM'], 'BINNT64', 'cl.exe'))]
+                found_cl = sanitize(shutil.which('cl'))
+                if found_cl in watcom_cls:
+                    mlog.debug('Skipping unsupported cl.exe clone at:', found_cl)
+                    continue
+            arg = '/?'
+        elif 'armcc' in compiler_name:
+            arg = '--vsn'
+        elif 'ccrx' in compiler_name:
+            arg = '-v'
+        elif 'xc16' in compiler_name:
+            arg = '--version'
+        elif 'ccomp' in compiler_name:
+            arg = '-version'
+        elif compiler_name in {'cl2000', 'cl2000.exe', 'cl430', 'cl430.exe', 'armcl', 'armcl.exe', 'cl6x', 'cl6x.exe'}:
+            # TI compiler
+            arg = '-version'
+        elif compiler_name in {'icl', 'icl.exe'}:
+            # if you pass anything to icl you get stuck in a pager
+            arg = ''
+        else:
+            arg = '--version'
+
+        cmd = compiler + [arg]
+        try:
+            p, out, err = Popen_safe_logged(cmd, msg='Detecting compiler via')
+        except OSError as e:
+            popen_exceptions[join_args(cmd)] = e
+            continue
+
+        if 'ccrx' in compiler_name:
+            out = err
+
+        full_version = out.split('\n', 1)[0]
+        version = search_version(out)
+
+        guess_gcc_or_lcc: T.Optional[str] = None
+        if 'Free Software Foundation' in out or out.startswith('xt-'):
+            guess_gcc_or_lcc = 'gcc'
+        if 'e2k' in out and 'lcc' in out:
+            guess_gcc_or_lcc = 'lcc'
+        if 'Microchip Technology' in out:
+            # this output has "Free Software Foundation" in its version
+            guess_gcc_or_lcc = None
+
+        if guess_gcc_or_lcc:
+            defines = _get_gnu_compiler_defines(compiler)
+            if not defines:
+                popen_exceptions[join_args(compiler)] = 'no pre-processor defines'
+                continue
+
+            if guess_gcc_or_lcc == 'lcc':
+                version = _get_lcc_version_from_defines(defines)
+                cls = c.ElbrusCCompiler if lang == 'c' else cpp.ElbrusCPPCompiler
+            else:
+                version = _get_gnu_version_from_defines(defines)
+                cls = c.GnuCCompiler if lang == 'c' else cpp.GnuCPPCompiler
+
+            linker = guess_nix_linker(env, compiler, cls, version, for_machine)
+
+            return cls(
+                ccache, compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross,
+                info, defines=defines, full_version=full_version,
+                linker=linker)
+
+        if 'Emscripten' in out:
+            cls = c.EmscriptenCCompiler if lang == 'c' else cpp.EmscriptenCPPCompiler
+            env.coredata.add_lang_args(cls.language, cls, for_machine, env)
+
+            # emcc requires a file input in order to pass arguments to the
+            # linker. It'll exit with an error code, but still print the
+            # linker version.
+            with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix='.c') as f:
+                cmd = compiler + [cls.LINKER_PREFIX + "--version", f.name]
+                _, o, _ = Popen_safe(cmd)
+
+            linker = linkers.WASMDynamicLinker(
+                compiler, for_machine, cls.LINKER_PREFIX,
+                [], version=search_version(o))
+            return cls(
+                ccache, compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                linker=linker, full_version=full_version)
+
+        if 'Arm C/C++/Fortran Compiler' in out:
+            arm_ver_match = re.search(r'version (\d+)\.(\d+)\.?(\d+)? \(build number (\d+)\)', out)
+            assert arm_ver_match is not None, 'for mypy'  # because mypy *should* be complaining that this could be None
+            version = '.'.join([x for x in arm_ver_match.groups() if x is not None])
+            if lang == 'c':
+                cls = c.ArmLtdClangCCompiler
+            elif lang == 'cpp':
+                cls = cpp.ArmLtdClangCPPCompiler
+            linker = guess_nix_linker(env, compiler, cls, version, for_machine)
+            return cls(
+                ccache, compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                linker=linker)
+        if 'armclang' in out:
+            # The compiler version is not present in the first line of output,
+            # instead it is present in second line, startswith 'Component:'.
+            # So, searching for the 'Component' in out although we know it is
+            # present in second line, as we are not sure about the
+            # output format in future versions
+            arm_ver_match = re.search('.*Component.*', out)
+            if arm_ver_match is None:
+                popen_exceptions[join_args(compiler)] = 'version string not found'
+                continue
+            arm_ver_str = arm_ver_match.group(0)
+            # Override previous values
+            version = search_version(arm_ver_str)
+            full_version = arm_ver_str
+            cls = c.ArmclangCCompiler if lang == 'c' else cpp.ArmclangCPPCompiler
+            linker = linkers.ArmClangDynamicLinker(for_machine, version=version)
+            env.coredata.add_lang_args(cls.language, cls, for_machine, env)
+            return cls(
+                ccache, compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                full_version=full_version, linker=linker)
+        if 'CL.EXE COMPATIBILITY' in out:
+            # if this is clang-cl masquerading as cl, detect it as cl, not
+            # clang
+            arg = '--version'
+            try:
+                p, out, err = Popen_safe(compiler + [arg])
+            except OSError as e:
+                popen_exceptions[join_args(compiler + [arg])] = e
+            version = search_version(out)
+            match = re.search('^Target: (.*?)-', out, re.MULTILINE)
+            if match:
+                target = match.group(1)
+            else:
+                target = 'unknown target'
+            cls = c.ClangClCCompiler if lang == 'c' else cpp.ClangClCPPCompiler
+            linker = guess_win_linker(env, ['lld-link'], cls, version, for_machine)
+            return cls(
+                compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info, target,
+                linker=linker)
+
+        # must be detected here before clang because TI compilers contain 'clang' in their output and so that they can be detected as 'clang'
+        ti_compilers = {
+           'TMS320C2000 C/C++': (c.C2000CCompiler, cpp.C2000CPPCompiler, linkers.C2000DynamicLinker),
+           'TMS320C6x C/C++': (c.C6000CCompiler, cpp.C6000CPPCompiler, linkers.C6000DynamicLinker),
+           'TI ARM C/C++ Compiler': (c.TICCompiler, cpp.TICPPCompiler, linkers.TIDynamicLinker),
+           'MSP430 C/C++': (c.TICCompiler, cpp.TICPPCompiler, linkers.TIDynamicLinker)
+        }
+        for indentifier, compiler_classes in ti_compilers.items():
+            if indentifier in out:
+                cls = compiler_classes[0] if lang == 'c' else compiler_classes[1]
+                lnk = compiler_classes[2]
+                env.coredata.add_lang_args(cls.language, cls, for_machine, env)
+                linker = lnk(compiler, for_machine, version=version)
+                return cls(
+                    ccache, compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                    full_version=full_version, linker=linker)
+
+        if 'clang' in out or 'Clang' in out:
+            linker = None
+
+            defines = _get_clang_compiler_defines(compiler)
+
+            # Even if the for_machine is darwin, we could be using vanilla
+            # clang.
+            if 'Apple' in out:
+                cls = c.AppleClangCCompiler if lang == 'c' else cpp.AppleClangCPPCompiler
+            else:
+                cls = c.ClangCCompiler if lang == 'c' else cpp.ClangCPPCompiler
+
+            if 'windows' in out or env.machines[for_machine].is_windows():
+                # If we're in a MINGW context this actually will use a gnu
+                # style ld, but for clang on "real" windows we'll use
+                # either link.exe or lld-link.exe
+                try:
+                    linker = guess_win_linker(env, compiler, cls, version, for_machine, invoked_directly=False)
+                except MesonException:
+                    pass
+            if linker is None:
+                linker = guess_nix_linker(env, compiler, cls, version, for_machine)
+
+            return cls(
+                ccache, compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                defines=defines, full_version=full_version, linker=linker)
+
+        if 'Intel(R) C++ Intel(R)' in err:
+            version = search_version(err)
+            target = 'x86' if 'IA-32' in err else 'x86_64'
+            cls = c.IntelClCCompiler if lang == 'c' else cpp.IntelClCPPCompiler
+            env.coredata.add_lang_args(cls.language, cls, for_machine, env)
+            linker = linkers.XilinkDynamicLinker(for_machine, [], version=version)
+            return cls(
+                compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info, target,
+                linker=linker)
+        if 'Intel(R) oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler for applications' in err:
+            version = search_version(err)
+            target = 'x86' if 'IA-32' in err else 'x86_64'
+            cls = c.IntelLLVMClCCompiler if lang == 'c' else cpp.IntelLLVMClCPPCompiler
+            env.coredata.add_lang_args(cls.language, cls, for_machine, env)
+            linker = linkers.XilinkDynamicLinker(for_machine, [], version=version)
+            return cls(
+                compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info, target,
+                linker=linker)
+        if 'Microsoft' in out or 'Microsoft' in err:
+            # Latest versions of Visual Studio print version
+            # number to stderr but earlier ones print version
+            # on stdout.  Why? Lord only knows.
+            # Check both outputs to figure out version.
+            for lookat in [err, out]:
+                version = search_version(lookat)
+                if version != 'unknown version':
+                    break
+            else:
+                raise EnvironmentException(f'Failed to detect MSVC compiler version: stderr was\n{err!r}')
+            cl_signature = lookat.split('\n', maxsplit=1)[0]
+            match = re.search(r'.*(x86|x64|ARM|ARM64)([^_A-Za-z0-9]|$)', cl_signature)
+            if match:
+                target = match.group(1)
+            else:
+                m = f'Failed to detect MSVC compiler target architecture: \'cl /?\' output is\n{cl_signature}'
+                raise EnvironmentException(m)
+            cls = c.VisualStudioCCompiler if lang == 'c' else cpp.VisualStudioCPPCompiler
+            linker = guess_win_linker(env, ['link'], cls, version, for_machine)
+            # As of this writing, CCache does not support MSVC but sccache does.
+            if 'sccache' not in ccache:
+                ccache = []
+            return cls(
+                ccache, compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info, target,
+                full_version=cl_signature, linker=linker)
+        if 'PGI Compilers' in out:
+            cls = c.PGICCompiler if lang == 'c' else cpp.PGICPPCompiler
+            env.coredata.add_lang_args(cls.language, cls, for_machine, env)
+            linker = linkers.PGIDynamicLinker(compiler, for_machine, cls.LINKER_PREFIX, [], version=version)
+            return cls(
+                ccache, compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross,
+                info, linker=linker)
+        if 'NVIDIA Compilers and Tools' in out:
+            cls = c.NvidiaHPC_CCompiler if lang == 'c' else cpp.NvidiaHPC_CPPCompiler
+            env.coredata.add_lang_args(cls.language, cls, for_machine, env)
+            linker = linkers.NvidiaHPC_DynamicLinker(compiler, for_machine, cls.LINKER_PREFIX, [], version=version)
+            return cls(
+                ccache, compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross,
+                info, linker=linker)
+        if '(ICC)' in out:
+            cls = c.IntelCCompiler if lang == 'c' else cpp.IntelCPPCompiler
+            l = guess_nix_linker(env, compiler, cls, version, for_machine)
+            return cls(
+                ccache, compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                full_version=full_version, linker=l)
+        if 'Intel(R) oneAPI' in out:
+            cls = c.IntelLLVMCCompiler if lang == 'c' else cpp.IntelLLVMCPPCompiler
+            l = guess_nix_linker(env, compiler, cls, version, for_machine)
+            return cls(
+                ccache, compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                full_version=full_version, linker=l)
+        if 'ARM' in out and not ('Metrowerks' in out or 'Freescale' in out):
+            cls = c.ArmCCompiler if lang == 'c' else cpp.ArmCPPCompiler
+            env.coredata.add_lang_args(cls.language, cls, for_machine, env)
+            linker = linkers.ArmDynamicLinker(for_machine, version=version)
+            return cls(
+                ccache, compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross,
+                info, full_version=full_version, linker=linker)
+        if 'RX Family' in out:
+            cls = c.CcrxCCompiler if lang == 'c' else cpp.CcrxCPPCompiler
+            env.coredata.add_lang_args(cls.language, cls, for_machine, env)
+            linker = linkers.CcrxDynamicLinker(for_machine, version=version)
+            return cls(
+                ccache, compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                full_version=full_version, linker=linker)
+
+        if 'Microchip Technology' in out:
+            cls = c.Xc16CCompiler
+            env.coredata.add_lang_args(cls.language, cls, for_machine, env)
+            linker = linkers.Xc16DynamicLinker(for_machine, version=version)
+            return cls(
+                ccache, compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                full_version=full_version, linker=linker)
+
+        if 'CompCert' in out:
+            cls = c.CompCertCCompiler
+            env.coredata.add_lang_args(cls.language, cls, for_machine, env)
+            linker = linkers.CompCertDynamicLinker(for_machine, version=version)
+            return cls(
+                ccache, compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                full_version=full_version, linker=linker)
+
+        if 'Metrowerks C/C++' in out or 'Freescale C/C++' in out:
+            if 'ARM' in out:
+                cls = c.MetrowerksCCompilerARM if lang == 'c' else cpp.MetrowerksCPPCompilerARM
+                lnk = linkers.MetrowerksLinkerARM
+            else:
+                cls = c.MetrowerksCCompilerEmbeddedPowerPC if lang == 'c' else cpp.MetrowerksCPPCompilerEmbeddedPowerPC
+                lnk = linkers.MetrowerksLinkerEmbeddedPowerPC
+
+            mwcc_ver_match = re.search(r'Version (\d+)\.(\d+)\.?(\d+)? build (\d+)', out)
+            assert mwcc_ver_match is not None, 'for mypy'  # because mypy *should* be complaning that this could be None
+            compiler_version = '.'.join(x for x in mwcc_ver_match.groups() if x is not None)
+
+            env.coredata.add_lang_args(cls.language, cls, for_machine, env)
+            ld = env.lookup_binary_entry(for_machine, cls.language + '_ld')
+
+            if ld is not None:
+                _, o_ld, _ = Popen_safe(ld + ['--version'])
+
+                mwld_ver_match = re.search(r'Version (\d+)\.(\d+)\.?(\d+)? build (\d+)', o_ld)
+                assert mwld_ver_match is not None, 'for mypy'  # because mypy *should* be complaning that this could be None
+                linker_version = '.'.join(x for x in mwld_ver_match.groups() if x is not None)
+
+                linker = lnk(ld, for_machine, version=linker_version)
+            else:
+                raise EnvironmentException(f'Failed to detect linker for {cls.id!r} compiler. Please update your cross file(s).')
+
+            return cls(
+                ccache, compiler, compiler_version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                full_version=full_version, linker=linker)
+
+    _handle_exceptions(popen_exceptions, compilers)
+    raise EnvironmentException(f'Unknown compiler {compilers}')
+
+def detect_c_compiler(env: 'Environment', for_machine: MachineChoice) -> Compiler:
+    return _detect_c_or_cpp_compiler(env, 'c', for_machine)
+
+def detect_cpp_compiler(env: 'Environment', for_machine: MachineChoice) -> Compiler:
+    return _detect_c_or_cpp_compiler(env, 'cpp', for_machine)
+
+def detect_cuda_compiler(env: 'Environment', for_machine: MachineChoice) -> Compiler:
+    from .cuda import CudaCompiler
+    from ..linkers.linkers import CudaLinker
+    popen_exceptions = {}
+    is_cross = env.is_cross_build(for_machine)
+    compilers, ccache = _get_compilers(env, 'cuda', for_machine)
+    info = env.machines[for_machine]
+    for compiler in compilers:
+        arg = '--version'
+        try:
+            p, out, err = Popen_safe_logged(compiler + [arg], msg='Detecting compiler via')
+        except OSError as e:
+            popen_exceptions[join_args(compiler + [arg])] = e
+            continue
+        # Example nvcc printout:
+        #
+        #     nvcc: NVIDIA (R) Cuda compiler driver
+        #     Copyright (c) 2005-2018 NVIDIA Corporation
+        #     Built on Sat_Aug_25_21:08:01_CDT_2018
+        #     Cuda compilation tools, release 10.0, V10.0.130
+        #
+        # search_version() first finds the "10.0" after "release",
+        # rather than the more precise "10.0.130" after "V".
+        # The patch version number is occasionally important; For
+        # instance, on Linux,
+        #    - CUDA Toolkit 8.0.44 requires NVIDIA Driver 367.48
+        #    - CUDA Toolkit 8.0.61 requires NVIDIA Driver 375.26
+        # Luckily, the "V" also makes it very simple to extract
+        # the full version:
+        version = out.strip().rsplit('V', maxsplit=1)[-1]
+        cpp_compiler = detect_cpp_compiler(env, for_machine)
+        cls = CudaCompiler
+        env.coredata.add_lang_args(cls.language, cls, for_machine, env)
+        linker = CudaLinker(compiler, for_machine, CudaCompiler.LINKER_PREFIX, [], version=CudaLinker.parse_version())
+        return cls(ccache, compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, host_compiler=cpp_compiler, info=info, linker=linker)
+    raise EnvironmentException(f'Could not find suitable CUDA compiler: "{"; ".join([" ".join(c) for c in compilers])}"')
+
+def detect_fortran_compiler(env: 'Environment', for_machine: MachineChoice) -> Compiler:
+    from . import fortran
+    from ..linkers import linkers
+    popen_exceptions: T.Dict[str, T.Union[Exception, str]] = {}
+    compilers, ccache = _get_compilers(env, 'fortran', for_machine)
+    is_cross = env.is_cross_build(for_machine)
+    info = env.machines[for_machine]
+    cls: T.Type[FortranCompiler]
+    for compiler in compilers:
+        for arg in ['--version', '-V']:
+            try:
+                p, out, err = Popen_safe_logged(compiler + [arg], msg='Detecting compiler via')
+            except OSError as e:
+                popen_exceptions[join_args(compiler + [arg])] = e
+                continue
+
+            version = search_version(out)
+            full_version = out.split('\n', 1)[0]
+
+            guess_gcc_or_lcc: T.Optional[str] = None
+            if 'GNU Fortran' in out:
+                guess_gcc_or_lcc = 'gcc'
+            if 'e2k' in out and 'lcc' in out:
+                guess_gcc_or_lcc = 'lcc'
+
+            if guess_gcc_or_lcc:
+                defines = _get_gnu_compiler_defines(compiler)
+                if not defines:
+                    popen_exceptions[join_args(compiler)] = 'no pre-processor defines'
+                    continue
+                if guess_gcc_or_lcc == 'lcc':
+                    version = _get_lcc_version_from_defines(defines)
+                    cls = fortran.ElbrusFortranCompiler
+                    linker = guess_nix_linker(env, compiler, cls, version, for_machine)
+                    return cls(
+                        compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                        defines, full_version=full_version, linker=linker)
+                else:
+                    version = _get_gnu_version_from_defines(defines)
+                    cls = fortran.GnuFortranCompiler
+                    linker = guess_nix_linker(env, compiler, cls, version, for_machine)
+                    return cls(
+                        compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                        defines, full_version=full_version, linker=linker)
+
+            if 'Arm C/C++/Fortran Compiler' in out:
+                cls = fortran.ArmLtdFlangFortranCompiler
+                arm_ver_match = re.search(r'version (\d+)\.(\d+)\.?(\d+)? \(build number (\d+)\)', out)
+                assert arm_ver_match is not None, 'for mypy'  # because mypy *should* be complaining that this could be None
+                version = '.'.join([x for x in arm_ver_match.groups() if x is not None])
+                linker = guess_nix_linker(env, compiler, cls, version, for_machine)
+                return cls(
+                    compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                    linker=linker)
+            if 'G95' in out:
+                cls = fortran.G95FortranCompiler
+                linker = guess_nix_linker(env, compiler, cls, version, for_machine)
+                return cls(
+                    compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                    full_version=full_version, linker=linker)
+
+            if 'Sun Fortran' in err:
+                version = search_version(err)
+                cls = fortran.SunFortranCompiler
+                linker = guess_nix_linker(env, compiler, cls, version, for_machine)
+                return cls(
+                    compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                    full_version=full_version, linker=linker)
+
+            if 'Intel(R) Fortran Compiler for applications' in err:
+                version = search_version(err)
+                target = 'x86' if 'IA-32' in err else 'x86_64'
+                cls = fortran.IntelLLVMClFortranCompiler
+                env.coredata.add_lang_args(cls.language, cls, for_machine, env)
+                linker = linkers.XilinkDynamicLinker(for_machine, [], version=version)
+                return cls(
+                    compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                    target, linker=linker)
+
+            if 'Intel(R) Visual Fortran' in err or 'Intel(R) Fortran' in err:
+                version = search_version(err)
+                target = 'x86' if 'IA-32' in err else 'x86_64'
+                cls = fortran.IntelClFortranCompiler
+                env.coredata.add_lang_args(cls.language, cls, for_machine, env)
+                linker = linkers.XilinkDynamicLinker(for_machine, [], version=version)
+                return cls(
+                    compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                    target, linker=linker)
+
+            if 'ifort (IFORT)' in out:
+                cls = fortran.IntelFortranCompiler
+                linker = guess_nix_linker(env, compiler, cls, version, for_machine)
+                return cls(
+                    compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                    full_version=full_version, linker=linker)
+
+            if 'ifx (IFORT)' in out or 'ifx (IFX)' in out:
+                cls = fortran.IntelLLVMFortranCompiler
+                linker = guess_nix_linker(env, compiler, cls, version, for_machine)
+                return cls(
+                    compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                    full_version=full_version, linker=linker)
+
+            if 'PathScale EKOPath(tm)' in err:
+                return fortran.PathScaleFortranCompiler(
+                    compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                    full_version=full_version)
+
+            if 'PGI Compilers' in out:
+                cls = fortran.PGIFortranCompiler
+                env.coredata.add_lang_args(cls.language, cls, for_machine, env)
+                linker = linkers.PGIDynamicLinker(compiler, for_machine,
+                                                  cls.LINKER_PREFIX, [], version=version)
+                return cls(
+                    compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                    full_version=full_version, linker=linker)
+
+            if 'NVIDIA Compilers and Tools' in out:
+                cls = fortran.NvidiaHPC_FortranCompiler
+                env.coredata.add_lang_args(cls.language, cls, for_machine, env)
+                linker = linkers.PGIDynamicLinker(compiler, for_machine,
+                                                  cls.LINKER_PREFIX, [], version=version)
+                return cls(
+                    compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                    full_version=full_version, linker=linker)
+
+            if 'flang' in out or 'clang' in out:
+                cls = fortran.FlangFortranCompiler
+                linker = None
+                if 'windows' in out or env.machines[for_machine].is_windows():
+                    # If we're in a MINGW context this actually will use a gnu
+                    # style ld, but for flang on "real" windows we'll use
+                    # either link.exe or lld-link.exe
+                    try:
+                        linker = guess_win_linker(
+                            env, compiler, cls, version,
+                            for_machine, invoked_directly=False
+                        )
+                    except MesonException:
+                        pass
+                if linker is None:
+                    linker = guess_nix_linker(env, compiler, cls,
+                                              version, for_machine)
+                return cls(
+                    compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                    full_version=full_version, linker=linker)
+
+            if 'Open64 Compiler Suite' in err:
+                cls = fortran.Open64FortranCompiler
+                linker = guess_nix_linker(env,
+                                          compiler, cls, version, for_machine)
+                return cls(
+                    compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                    full_version=full_version, linker=linker)
+
+            if 'NAG Fortran' in err:
+                full_version = err.split('\n', 1)[0]
+                version = full_version.split()[-1]
+                cls = fortran.NAGFortranCompiler
+                env.coredata.add_lang_args(cls.language, cls, for_machine, env)
+                linker = linkers.NAGDynamicLinker(
+                    compiler, for_machine, cls.LINKER_PREFIX, [],
+                    version=version)
+                return cls(
+                    compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                    full_version=full_version, linker=linker)
+
+    _handle_exceptions(popen_exceptions, compilers)
+    raise EnvironmentException('Unreachable code (exception to make mypy happy)')
+
+def detect_objc_compiler(env: 'Environment', for_machine: MachineChoice) -> 'Compiler':
+    return _detect_objc_or_objcpp_compiler(env, 'objc', for_machine)
+
+def detect_objcpp_compiler(env: 'Environment', for_machine: MachineChoice) -> 'Compiler':
+    return _detect_objc_or_objcpp_compiler(env, 'objcpp', for_machine)
+
+def _detect_objc_or_objcpp_compiler(env: 'Environment', lang: str, for_machine: MachineChoice) -> 'Compiler':
+    from . import objc, objcpp
+    popen_exceptions: T.Dict[str, T.Union[Exception, str]] = {}
+    compilers, ccache = _get_compilers(env, lang, for_machine)
+    is_cross = env.is_cross_build(for_machine)
+    info = env.machines[for_machine]
+    comp: T.Union[T.Type[objc.ObjCCompiler], T.Type[objcpp.ObjCPPCompiler]]
+
+    for compiler in compilers:
+        arg = ['--version']
+        try:
+            p, out, err = Popen_safe_logged(compiler + arg, msg='Detecting compiler via')
+        except OSError as e:
+            popen_exceptions[join_args(compiler + arg)] = e
+            continue
+        version = search_version(out)
+        if 'Free Software Foundation' in out:
+            defines = _get_gnu_compiler_defines(compiler)
+            if not defines:
+                popen_exceptions[join_args(compiler)] = 'no pre-processor defines'
+                continue
+            version = _get_gnu_version_from_defines(defines)
+            comp = objc.GnuObjCCompiler if lang == 'objc' else objcpp.GnuObjCPPCompiler
+            linker = guess_nix_linker(env, compiler, comp, version, for_machine)
+            return comp(
+                ccache, compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                defines, linker=linker)
+        if 'clang' in out:
+            linker = None
+            defines = _get_clang_compiler_defines(compiler)
+            if not defines:
+                popen_exceptions[join_args(compiler)] = 'no pre-processor defines'
+                continue
+            if 'Apple' in out:
+                comp = objc.AppleClangObjCCompiler if lang == 'objc' else objcpp.AppleClangObjCPPCompiler
+            else:
+                comp = objc.ClangObjCCompiler if lang == 'objc' else objcpp.ClangObjCPPCompiler
+            if 'windows' in out or env.machines[for_machine].is_windows():
+                # If we're in a MINGW context this actually will use a gnu style ld
+                try:
+                    linker = guess_win_linker(env, compiler, comp, version, for_machine)
+                except MesonException:
+                    pass
+
+            if not linker:
+                linker = guess_nix_linker(env, compiler, comp, version, for_machine)
+            return comp(
+                ccache, compiler, version, for_machine,
+                is_cross, info, linker=linker, defines=defines)
+    _handle_exceptions(popen_exceptions, compilers)
+    raise EnvironmentException('Unreachable code (exception to make mypy happy)')
+
+def detect_java_compiler(env: 'Environment', for_machine: MachineChoice) -> Compiler:
+    from .java import JavaCompiler
+    exelist = env.lookup_binary_entry(for_machine, 'java')
+    info = env.machines[for_machine]
+    if exelist is None:
+        # TODO support fallback
+        exelist = [defaults['java'][0]]
+
+    try:
+        p, out, err = Popen_safe_logged(exelist + ['-version'], msg='Detecting compiler via')
+    except OSError:
+        raise EnvironmentException('Could not execute Java compiler: {}'.format(join_args(exelist)))
+    if 'javac' in out or 'javac' in err:
+        version = search_version(err if 'javac' in err else out)
+        if not version or version == 'unknown version':
+            parts = (err if 'javac' in err else out).split()
+            if len(parts) > 1:
+                version = parts[1]
+        comp_class = JavaCompiler
+        env.coredata.add_lang_args(comp_class.language, comp_class, for_machine, env)
+        return comp_class(exelist, version, for_machine, info)
+    raise EnvironmentException('Unknown compiler: ' + join_args(exelist))
+
+def detect_cs_compiler(env: 'Environment', for_machine: MachineChoice) -> Compiler:
+    from . import cs
+    compilers, ccache = _get_compilers(env, 'cs', for_machine)
+    popen_exceptions = {}
+    info = env.machines[for_machine]
+    for comp in compilers:
+        try:
+            p, out, err = Popen_safe_logged(comp + ['--version'], msg='Detecting compiler via')
+        except OSError as e:
+            popen_exceptions[join_args(comp + ['--version'])] = e
+            continue
+
+        version = search_version(out)
+        cls: T.Type[cs.CsCompiler]
+        if 'Mono' in out:
+            cls = cs.MonoCompiler
+        elif "Visual C#" in out:
+            cls = cs.VisualStudioCsCompiler
+        else:
+            continue
+        env.coredata.add_lang_args(cls.language, cls, for_machine, env)
+        return cls(comp, version, for_machine, info)
+
+    _handle_exceptions(popen_exceptions, compilers)
+    raise EnvironmentException('Unreachable code (exception to make mypy happy)')
+
+def detect_cython_compiler(env: 'Environment', for_machine: MachineChoice) -> Compiler:
+    """Search for a cython compiler."""
+    from .cython import CythonCompiler
+    compilers, _ = _get_compilers(env, 'cython', MachineChoice.BUILD)
+    is_cross = env.is_cross_build(for_machine)
+    info = env.machines[for_machine]
+
+    popen_exceptions: T.Dict[str, Exception] = {}
+    for comp in compilers:
+        try:
+            _, out, err = Popen_safe_logged(comp + ['-V'], msg='Detecting compiler via')
+        except OSError as e:
+            popen_exceptions[join_args(comp + ['-V'])] = e
+            continue
+
+        version: T.Optional[str] = None
+        # 3.0
+        if 'Cython' in out:
+            version = search_version(out)
+        # older
+        elif 'Cython' in err:
+            version = search_version(err)
+        if version is not None:
+            comp_class = CythonCompiler
+            env.coredata.add_lang_args(comp_class.language, comp_class, for_machine, env)
+            return comp_class([], comp, version, for_machine, info, is_cross=is_cross)
+    _handle_exceptions(popen_exceptions, compilers)
+    raise EnvironmentException('Unreachable code (exception to make mypy happy)')
+
+def detect_vala_compiler(env: 'Environment', for_machine: MachineChoice) -> Compiler:
+    from .vala import ValaCompiler
+    exelist = env.lookup_binary_entry(for_machine, 'vala')
+    is_cross = env.is_cross_build(for_machine)
+    info = env.machines[for_machine]
+    if exelist is None:
+        # TODO support fallback
+        exelist = [defaults['vala'][0]]
+
+    try:
+        p, out = Popen_safe_logged(exelist + ['--version'], msg='Detecting compiler via')[0:2]
+    except OSError:
+        raise EnvironmentException('Could not execute Vala compiler: {}'.format(join_args(exelist)))
+    version = search_version(out)
+    if 'Vala' in out:
+        comp_class = ValaCompiler
+        env.coredata.add_lang_args(comp_class.language, comp_class, for_machine, env)
+        return comp_class(exelist, version, for_machine, is_cross, info)
+    raise EnvironmentException('Unknown compiler: ' + join_args(exelist))
+
+def detect_rust_compiler(env: 'Environment', for_machine: MachineChoice) -> RustCompiler:
+    from . import rust
+    from ..linkers import linkers
+    popen_exceptions: T.Dict[str, Exception] = {}
+    compilers, _ = _get_compilers(env, 'rust', for_machine)
+    is_cross = env.is_cross_build(for_machine)
+    info = env.machines[for_machine]
+
+    cc = detect_c_compiler(env, for_machine)
+    is_link_exe = isinstance(cc.linker, linkers.VisualStudioLikeLinkerMixin)
+    override = env.lookup_binary_entry(for_machine, 'rust_ld')
+
+    for compiler in compilers:
+        arg = ['--version']
+        try:
+            out = Popen_safe_logged(compiler + arg, msg='Detecting compiler via')[1]
+        except OSError as e:
+            popen_exceptions[join_args(compiler + arg)] = e
+            continue
+
+        version = search_version(out)
+        cls: T.Type[RustCompiler] = rust.RustCompiler
+
+        # Clippy is a wrapper around rustc, but it doesn't have rustc in it's
+        # output. We can otherwise treat it as rustc.
+        if 'clippy' in out:
+            # clippy returns its own version and not the rustc version by
+            # default so try harder here to get the correct version.
+            # Also replace the whole output with the rustc output in
+            # case this is later used for other purposes.
+            arg = ['--rustc', '--version']
+            try:
+                out = Popen_safe(compiler + arg)[1]
+            except OSError as e:
+                popen_exceptions[join_args(compiler + arg)] = e
+                continue
+            version = search_version(out)
+
+            cls = rust.ClippyRustCompiler
+
+        if 'rustc' in out:
+            # On Linux and mac rustc will invoke gcc (clang for mac
+            # presumably) and it can do this windows, for dynamic linking.
+            # this means the easiest way to C compiler for dynamic linking.
+            # figure out what linker to use is to just get the value of the
+            # C compiler and use that as the basis of the rust linker.
+            # However, there are two things we need to change, if CC is not
+            # the default use that, and second add the necessary arguments
+            # to rust to use -fuse-ld
+
+            if any(a.startswith('linker=') for a in compiler):
+                mlog.warning(
+                    'Please do not put -C linker= in your compiler '
+                    'command, set rust_ld=command in your cross file '
+                    'or use the RUSTC_LD environment variable, otherwise meson '
+                    'will override your selection.')
+
+            compiler = compiler.copy()  # avoid mutating the original list
+
+            if override is None:
+                extra_args: T.Dict[str, T.Union[str, bool]] = {}
+                always_args: T.List[str] = []
+                if is_link_exe:
+                    compiler.extend(cls.use_linker_args(cc.linker.exelist[0], ''))
+                    extra_args['direct'] = True
+                    extra_args['machine'] = cc.linker.machine
+                else:
+                    exelist = cc.linker.exelist + cc.linker.get_always_args()
+                    if os.path.basename(exelist[0]) in {'ccache', 'sccache'}:
+                        del exelist[0]
+                    c = exelist.pop(0)
+                    compiler.extend(cls.use_linker_args(c, ''))
+
+                    # Also ensure that we pass any extra arguments to the linker
+                    for l in exelist:
+                        compiler.extend(['-C', f'link-arg={l}'])
+
+                # This trickery with type() gets us the class of the linker
+                # so we can initialize a new copy for the Rust Compiler
+                # TODO rewrite this without type: ignore
+                assert cc.linker is not None, 'for mypy'
+                if is_link_exe:
+                    linker = type(cc.linker)(for_machine, always_args, exelist=cc.linker.exelist,   # type: ignore
+                                             version=cc.linker.version, **extra_args)               # type: ignore
+                else:
+                    linker = type(cc.linker)(compiler, for_machine, cc.LINKER_PREFIX,
+                                             always_args=always_args, version=cc.linker.version,
+                                             **extra_args)
+            elif 'link' in override[0]:
+                linker = guess_win_linker(env,
+                                          override, cls, version, for_machine, use_linker_prefix=False)
+                # rustc takes linker arguments without a prefix, and
+                # inserts the correct prefix itself.
+                assert isinstance(linker, linkers.VisualStudioLikeLinkerMixin)
+                linker.direct = True
+                compiler.extend(cls.use_linker_args(linker.exelist[0], ''))
+            else:
+                # On linux and macos rust will invoke the c compiler for
+                # linking, on windows it will use lld-link or link.exe.
+                # we will simply ask for the C compiler that corresponds to
+                # it, and use that.
+                cc = _detect_c_or_cpp_compiler(env, 'c', for_machine, override_compiler=override)
+                linker = cc.linker
+
+                # Of course, we're not going to use any of that, we just
+                # need it to get the proper arguments to pass to rustc
+                c = linker.exelist[1] if linker.exelist[0].endswith('ccache') else linker.exelist[0]
+                compiler.extend(cls.use_linker_args(c, ''))
+
+            env.coredata.add_lang_args(cls.language, cls, for_machine, env)
+            return cls(
+                compiler, version, for_machine, is_cross, info,
+                linker=linker)
+
+    _handle_exceptions(popen_exceptions, compilers)
+    raise EnvironmentException('Unreachable code (exception to make mypy happy)')
+
+def detect_d_compiler(env: 'Environment', for_machine: MachineChoice) -> Compiler:
+    from . import c, d
+    info = env.machines[for_machine]
+
+    # Detect the target architecture, required for proper architecture handling on Windows.
+    # MSVC compiler is required for correct platform detection.
+    c_compiler = {'c': detect_c_compiler(env, for_machine)}
+    is_msvc = isinstance(c_compiler['c'], c.VisualStudioCCompiler)
+    if not is_msvc:
+        c_compiler = {}
+
+    # Import here to avoid circular imports
+    from ..environment import detect_cpu_family
+    arch = detect_cpu_family(c_compiler)
+    if is_msvc and arch == 'x86':
+        arch = 'x86_mscoff'
+
+    popen_exceptions = {}
+    is_cross = env.is_cross_build(for_machine)
+    compilers, ccache = _get_compilers(env, 'd', for_machine)
+    cls: T.Type[d.DCompiler]
+    for exelist in compilers:
+        # Search for a D compiler.
+        # We prefer LDC over GDC unless overridden with the DC
+        # environment variable because LDC has a much more
+        # up to date language version at time (2016).
+        if os.path.basename(exelist[-1]).startswith(('ldmd', 'gdmd')):
+            raise EnvironmentException(
+                f'Meson does not support {exelist[-1]} as it is only a DMD frontend for another compiler.'
+                'Please provide a valid value for DC or unset it so that Meson can resolve the compiler by itself.')
+        try:
+            p, out = Popen_safe(exelist + ['--version'])[0:2]
+        except OSError as e:
+            popen_exceptions[join_args(exelist + ['--version'])] = e
+            continue
+        version = search_version(out)
+        full_version = out.split('\n', 1)[0]
+
+        if 'LLVM D compiler' in out:
+            cls = d.LLVMDCompiler
+            # LDC seems to require a file
+            # We cannot use NamedTemporaryFile on windows, its documented
+            # to not work for our uses. So, just use mkstemp and only have
+            # one path for simplicity.
+            o, f = tempfile.mkstemp('.d')
+            os.close(o)
+
+            try:
+                if info.is_windows() or info.is_cygwin():
+                    objfile = os.path.basename(f)[:-1] + 'obj'
+                    linker = guess_win_linker(env,
+                                              exelist,
+                                              cls, full_version, for_machine,
+                                              use_linker_prefix=True, invoked_directly=False,
+                                              extra_args=[f])
+                else:
+                    # LDC writes an object file to the current working directory.
+                    # Clean it up.
+                    objfile = os.path.basename(f)[:-1] + 'o'
+                    linker = guess_nix_linker(env,
+                                              exelist, cls, full_version, for_machine,
+                                              extra_args=[f])
+            finally:
+                windows_proof_rm(f)
+                windows_proof_rm(objfile)
+
+            return cls(
+                exelist, version, for_machine, info, arch,
+                full_version=full_version, linker=linker, version_output=out)
+        elif 'gdc' in out:
+            cls = d.GnuDCompiler
+            linker = guess_nix_linker(env, exelist, cls, version, for_machine)
+            return cls(
+                exelist, version, for_machine, info, arch,
+                is_cross=is_cross, full_version=full_version, linker=linker)
+        elif 'The D Language Foundation' in out or 'Digital Mars' in out:
+            cls = d.DmdDCompiler
+            # DMD seems to require a file
+            # We cannot use NamedTemporaryFile on windows, its documented
+            # to not work for our uses. So, just use mkstemp and only have
+            # one path for simplicity.
+            o, f = tempfile.mkstemp('.d')
+            os.close(o)
+
+            # DMD as different detection logic for x86 and x86_64
+            arch_arg = '-m64' if arch == 'x86_64' else '-m32'
+
+            try:
+                if info.is_windows() or info.is_cygwin():
+                    objfile = os.path.basename(f)[:-1] + 'obj'
+                    linker = guess_win_linker(env,
+                                              exelist, cls, full_version, for_machine,
+                                              invoked_directly=False, extra_args=[f, arch_arg])
+                else:
+                    objfile = os.path.basename(f)[:-1] + 'o'
+                    linker = guess_nix_linker(env,
+                                              exelist, cls, full_version, for_machine,
+                                              extra_args=[f, arch_arg])
+            finally:
+                windows_proof_rm(f)
+                windows_proof_rm(objfile)
+
+            return cls(
+                exelist, version, for_machine, info, arch,
+                full_version=full_version, linker=linker)
+        raise EnvironmentException('Unknown compiler: ' + join_args(exelist))
+
+    _handle_exceptions(popen_exceptions, compilers)
+    raise EnvironmentException('Unreachable code (exception to make mypy happy)')
+
+def detect_swift_compiler(env: 'Environment', for_machine: MachineChoice) -> Compiler:
+    from .swift import SwiftCompiler
+    exelist = env.lookup_binary_entry(for_machine, 'swift')
+    is_cross = env.is_cross_build(for_machine)
+    info = env.machines[for_machine]
+    if exelist is None:
+        # TODO support fallback
+        exelist = [defaults['swift'][0]]
+
+    try:
+        p, _, err = Popen_safe_logged(exelist + ['-v'], msg='Detecting compiler via')
+    except OSError:
+        raise EnvironmentException('Could not execute Swift compiler: {}'.format(join_args(exelist)))
+    version = search_version(err)
+    if 'Swift' in err:
+        # As for 5.0.1 swiftc *requires* a file to check the linker:
+        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix='.swift') as f:
+            cls = SwiftCompiler
+
+            outhandle, outfile = tempfile.mkstemp('.out')
+            os.close(outhandle)
+
+            try:
+                linker = guess_nix_linker(env,
+                                          exelist, cls, version, for_machine,
+                                          extra_args=[f.name, '-o', outfile])
+            finally:
+                windows_proof_rm(outfile)
+        return cls(
+            exelist, version, for_machine, is_cross, info, linker=linker)
+
+    raise EnvironmentException('Unknown compiler: ' + join_args(exelist))
+
+def detect_nasm_compiler(env: 'Environment', for_machine: MachineChoice) -> Compiler:
+    from .asm import NasmCompiler, YasmCompiler, MetrowerksAsmCompilerARM, MetrowerksAsmCompilerEmbeddedPowerPC
+    compilers, _ = _get_compilers(env, 'nasm', for_machine)
+    is_cross = env.is_cross_build(for_machine)
+
+    # We need a C compiler to properly detect the machine info and linker
+    cc = detect_c_compiler(env, for_machine)
+    if not is_cross:
+        from ..environment import detect_machine_info
+        info = detect_machine_info({'c': cc})
+    else:
+        info = env.machines[for_machine]
+
+    popen_exceptions: T.Dict[str, Exception] = {}
+    for comp in compilers:
+        if comp == ['nasm'] and is_windows() and not shutil.which(comp[0]):
+            # nasm is not in PATH on Windows by default
+            default_path = os.path.join(os.environ['ProgramFiles'], 'NASM')
+            comp[0] = shutil.which(comp[0], path=default_path) or comp[0]
+        try:
+            output = Popen_safe_logged(comp + ['--version'], msg='Detecting compiler via')[1]
+        except OSError as e:
+            popen_exceptions[' '.join(comp + ['--version'])] = e
+            continue
+
+        version = search_version(output)
+        if 'NASM' in output:
+            comp_class = NasmCompiler
+            env.coredata.add_lang_args(comp_class.language, comp_class, for_machine, env)
+            return comp_class([], comp, version, for_machine, info, cc.linker, is_cross=is_cross)
+        elif 'yasm' in output:
+            comp_class = YasmCompiler
+            env.coredata.add_lang_args(comp_class.language, comp_class, for_machine, env)
+            return comp_class([], comp, version, for_machine, info, cc.linker, is_cross=is_cross)
+        elif 'Metrowerks' in output or 'Freescale' in output:
+            if 'ARM' in output:
+                comp_class_mwasmarm = MetrowerksAsmCompilerARM
+                env.coredata.add_lang_args(comp_class_mwasmarm.language, comp_class_mwasmarm, for_machine, env)
+                return comp_class_mwasmarm([], comp, version, for_machine, info, cc.linker, is_cross=is_cross)
+            else:
+                comp_class_mwasmeppc = MetrowerksAsmCompilerEmbeddedPowerPC
+                env.coredata.add_lang_args(comp_class_mwasmeppc.language, comp_class_mwasmeppc, for_machine, env)
+                return comp_class_mwasmeppc([], comp, version, for_machine, info, cc.linker, is_cross=is_cross)
+
+    _handle_exceptions(popen_exceptions, compilers)
+    raise EnvironmentException('Unreachable code (exception to make mypy happy)')
+
+def detect_masm_compiler(env: 'Environment', for_machine: MachineChoice) -> Compiler:
+    # We need a C compiler to properly detect the machine info and linker
+    is_cross = env.is_cross_build(for_machine)
+    cc = detect_c_compiler(env, for_machine)
+    if not is_cross:
+        from ..environment import detect_machine_info
+        info = detect_machine_info({'c': cc})
+    else:
+        info = env.machines[for_machine]
+
+    from .asm import MasmCompiler, MasmARMCompiler
+    comp_class: T.Type[Compiler]
+    if info.cpu_family == 'x86':
+        comp = ['ml']
+        comp_class = MasmCompiler
+        arg = '/?'
+    elif info.cpu_family == 'x86_64':
+        comp = ['ml64']
+        comp_class = MasmCompiler
+        arg = '/?'
+    elif info.cpu_family == 'arm':
+        comp = ['armasm']
+        comp_class = MasmARMCompiler
+        arg = '-h'
+    elif info.cpu_family == 'aarch64':
+        comp = ['armasm64']
+        comp_class = MasmARMCompiler
+        arg = '-h'
+    else:
+        raise EnvironmentException(f'Platform {info.cpu_family} not supported by MASM')
+
+    popen_exceptions: T.Dict[str, Exception] = {}
+    try:
+        output = Popen_safe(comp + [arg])[2]
+        version = search_version(output)
+        env.coredata.add_lang_args(comp_class.language, comp_class, for_machine, env)
+        return comp_class([], comp, version, for_machine, info, cc.linker, is_cross=is_cross)
+    except OSError as e:
+        popen_exceptions[' '.join(comp + [arg])] = e
+    _handle_exceptions(popen_exceptions, [comp])
+    raise EnvironmentException('Unreachable code (exception to make mypy happy)')
+
+# GNU/Clang defines and version
+# =============================
+
+def _get_gnu_compiler_defines(compiler: T.List[str]) -> T.Dict[str, str]:
+    """
+    Detect GNU compiler platform type (Apple, MinGW, Unix)
+    """
+    # Arguments to output compiler pre-processor defines to stdout
+    # gcc, g++, and gfortran all support these arguments
+    args = compiler + ['-E', '-dM', '-']
+    mlog.debug(f'Running command: {join_args(args)}')
+    p, output, error = Popen_safe(args, write='', stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
+    if p.returncode != 0:
+        raise EnvironmentException('Unable to detect GNU compiler type:\n'
+                                   f'Compiler stdout:\n{output}\n-----\n'
+                                   f'Compiler stderr:\n{error}\n-----\n')
+    # Parse several lines of the type:
+    # `#define ___SOME_DEF some_value`
+    # and extract `___SOME_DEF`
+    defines: T.Dict[str, str] = {}
+    for line in output.split('\n'):
+        if not line:
+            continue
+        d, *rest = line.split(' ', 2)
+        if d != '#define':
+            continue
+        if len(rest) == 1:
+            defines[rest[0]] = ''
+        if len(rest) == 2:
+            defines[rest[0]] = rest[1]
+    return defines
+
+def _get_clang_compiler_defines(compiler: T.List[str]) -> T.Dict[str, str]:
+    """
+    Get the list of Clang pre-processor defines
+    """
+    args = compiler + ['-E', '-dM', '-']
+    mlog.debug(f'Running command: {join_args(args)}')
+    p, output, error = Popen_safe(args, write='', stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
+    if p.returncode != 0:
+        raise EnvironmentException('Unable to get clang pre-processor defines:\n'
+                                   f'Compiler stdout:\n{output}\n-----\n'
+                                   f'Compiler stderr:\n{error}\n-----\n')
+    defines: T.Dict[str, str] = {}
+    for line in output.split('\n'):
+        if not line:
+            continue
+        d, *rest = line.split(' ', 2)
+        if d != '#define':
+            continue
+        if len(rest) == 1:
+            defines[rest[0]] = ''
+        if len(rest) == 2:
+            defines[rest[0]] = rest[1]
+    return defines
+
+def _get_gnu_version_from_defines(defines: T.Dict[str, str]) -> str:
+    dot = '.'
+    major = defines.get('__GNUC__', '0')
+    minor = defines.get('__GNUC_MINOR__', '0')
+    patch = defines.get('__GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__', '0')
+    return dot.join((major, minor, patch))
+
+def _get_lcc_version_from_defines(defines: T.Dict[str, str]) -> str:
+    dot = '.'
+    generation_and_major = defines.get('__LCC__', '100')
+    generation = generation_and_major[:1]
+    major = generation_and_major[1:]
+    minor = defines.get('__LCC_MINOR__', '0')
+    return dot.join((generation, major, minor))