frida 16.2.1 → 16.2.3

package/releng/meson/mesonbuild/backend/vs2010backend.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2078 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+# Copyright 2014-2016 The Meson development team
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+import copy
+import itertools
+import os
+import xml.dom.minidom
+import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
+import uuid
+import typing as T
+from pathlib import Path, PurePath, PureWindowsPath
+import re
+from collections import Counter
+
+from . import backends
+from .. import build
+from .. import mlog
+from .. import compilers
+from .. import mesonlib
+from ..mesonlib import (
+    File, MesonBugException, MesonException, replace_if_different, OptionKey, version_compare, MachineChoice
+)
+from ..environment import Environment, build_filename
+from .. import coredata
+
+if T.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ..arglist import CompilerArgs
+    from ..interpreter import Interpreter
+
+    Project = T.Tuple[str, Path, str, MachineChoice]
+
+def autodetect_vs_version(build: T.Optional[build.Build], interpreter: T.Optional[Interpreter]) -> backends.Backend:
+    vs_version = os.getenv('VisualStudioVersion', None)
+    vs_install_dir = os.getenv('VSINSTALLDIR', None)
+    if not vs_install_dir:
+        raise MesonException('Could not detect Visual Studio: Environment variable VSINSTALLDIR is not set!\n'
+                             'Are you running meson from the Visual Studio Developer Command Prompt?')
+    # VisualStudioVersion is set since Visual Studio 11.0, but sometimes
+    # vcvarsall.bat doesn't set it, so also use VSINSTALLDIR
+    if vs_version == '11.0' or 'Visual Studio 11' in vs_install_dir:
+        from mesonbuild.backend.vs2012backend import Vs2012Backend
+        return Vs2012Backend(build, interpreter)
+    if vs_version == '12.0' or 'Visual Studio 12' in vs_install_dir:
+        from mesonbuild.backend.vs2013backend import Vs2013Backend
+        return Vs2013Backend(build, interpreter)
+    if vs_version == '14.0' or 'Visual Studio 14' in vs_install_dir:
+        from mesonbuild.backend.vs2015backend import Vs2015Backend
+        return Vs2015Backend(build, interpreter)
+    if vs_version == '15.0' or 'Visual Studio 17' in vs_install_dir or \
+       'Visual Studio\\2017' in vs_install_dir:
+        from mesonbuild.backend.vs2017backend import Vs2017Backend
+        return Vs2017Backend(build, interpreter)
+    if vs_version == '16.0' or 'Visual Studio 19' in vs_install_dir or \
+       'Visual Studio\\2019' in vs_install_dir:
+        from mesonbuild.backend.vs2019backend import Vs2019Backend
+        return Vs2019Backend(build, interpreter)
+    if vs_version == '17.0' or 'Visual Studio 22' in vs_install_dir or \
+       'Visual Studio\\2022' in vs_install_dir:
+        from mesonbuild.backend.vs2022backend import Vs2022Backend
+        return Vs2022Backend(build, interpreter)
+    if 'Visual Studio 10.0' in vs_install_dir:
+        return Vs2010Backend(build, interpreter)
+    raise MesonException('Could not detect Visual Studio using VisualStudioVersion: {!r} or VSINSTALLDIR: {!r}!\n'
+                         'Please specify the exact backend to use.'.format(vs_version, vs_install_dir))
+
+
+def split_o_flags_args(args: T.List[str]) -> T.List[str]:
+    """
+    Splits any /O args and returns them. Does not take care of flags overriding
+    previous ones. Skips non-O flag arguments.
+
+    ['/Ox', '/Ob1'] returns ['/Ox', '/Ob1']
+    ['/Oxj', '/MP'] returns ['/Ox', '/Oj']
+    """
+    o_flags = []
+    for arg in args:
+        if not arg.startswith('/O'):
+            continue
+        flags = list(arg[2:])
+        # Assume that this one can't be clumped with the others since it takes
+        # an argument itself
+        if 'b' in flags:
+            o_flags.append(arg)
+        else:
+            o_flags += ['/O' + f for f in flags]
+    return o_flags
+
+def generate_guid_from_path(path, path_type) -> str:
+    return str(uuid.uuid5(uuid.NAMESPACE_URL, 'meson-vs-' + path_type + ':' + str(path))).upper()
+
+def detect_microsoft_gdk(platform: str) -> bool:
+    return re.match(r'Gaming\.(Desktop|Xbox.XboxOne|Xbox.Scarlett)\.x64', platform, re.IGNORECASE)
+
+def filtered_src_langs_generator(sources: T.List[str]):
+    for src in sources:
+        ext = src.split('.')[-1]
+        if compilers.compilers.is_source_suffix(ext):
+            yield compilers.compilers.SUFFIX_TO_LANG[ext]
+
+# Returns the source language (i.e. a key from 'lang_suffixes') of the most frequent source language in the given
+# list of sources.
+# We choose the most frequent language as 'primary' because it means the most sources in a target/project can
+# simply refer to the project's shared intellisense define and include fields, rather than have to fill out their
+# own duplicate full set of defines/includes/opts intellisense fields.  All of which helps keep the vcxproj file
+# size down.
+def get_primary_source_lang(target_sources: T.List[File], custom_sources: T.List[str]) -> T.Optional[str]:
+    lang_counts = Counter([compilers.compilers.SUFFIX_TO_LANG[src.suffix] for src in target_sources if compilers.compilers.is_source_suffix(src.suffix)])
+    lang_counts += Counter(filtered_src_langs_generator(custom_sources))
+    most_common_lang_list = lang_counts.most_common(1)
+    # It may be possible that we have a target with no actual src files of interest (e.g. a generator target),
+    # leaving us with an empty list, which we should handle -
+    return most_common_lang_list[0][0] if most_common_lang_list else None
+
+# Returns a dictionary (by [src type][build type]) that contains a tuple of -
+# (pre-processor defines, include paths, additional compiler options)
+# fields to use to fill in the respective intellisense fields of sources that can't simply
+# reference and re-use the shared 'primary' language intellisense fields of the vcxproj.
+def get_non_primary_lang_intellisense_fields(vslite_ctx: dict,
+                                             target_id: str,
+                                             primary_src_lang: str) -> T.Dict[str, T.Dict[str, T.Tuple[str, str, str]]]:
+    defs_paths_opts_per_lang_and_buildtype = {}
+    for buildtype in coredata.get_genvs_default_buildtype_list():
+        captured_build_args = vslite_ctx[buildtype][target_id] # Results in a 'Src types to compile args' dict
+        non_primary_build_args_per_src_lang = [(lang, build_args) for lang, build_args in captured_build_args.items() if lang != primary_src_lang] # Only need to individually populate intellisense fields for sources of non-primary types.
+        for src_lang, args_list in non_primary_build_args_per_src_lang:
+            if src_lang not in defs_paths_opts_per_lang_and_buildtype:
+                defs_paths_opts_per_lang_and_buildtype[src_lang] = {}
+            defs_paths_opts_per_lang_and_buildtype[src_lang][buildtype] = Vs2010Backend._extract_nmake_fields(args_list)
+    return defs_paths_opts_per_lang_and_buildtype
+
+class Vs2010Backend(backends.Backend):
+
+    name = 'vs2010'
+
+    def __init__(self, build: T.Optional[build.Build], interpreter: T.Optional[Interpreter], gen_lite: bool = False):
+        super().__init__(build, interpreter)
+        self.project_file_version = '10.0.30319.1'
+        self.sln_file_version = '11.00'
+        self.sln_version_comment = '2010'
+        self.platform_toolset = None
+        self.vs_version = '2010'
+        self.windows_target_platform_version = None
+        self.subdirs = {}
+        self.handled_target_deps = {}
+        self.gen_lite = gen_lite  # Synonymous with generating the simpler makefile-style multi-config projects that invoke 'meson compile' builds, avoiding native MSBuild complications
+
+    def get_target_private_dir(self, target):
+        return os.path.join(self.get_target_dir(target), target.get_id())
+
+    def generate_genlist_for_target(self, genlist: T.Union[build.GeneratedList, build.CustomTarget, build.CustomTargetIndex], target: build.BuildTarget, parent_node: ET.Element, generator_output_files: T.List[str], custom_target_include_dirs: T.List[str], custom_target_output_files: T.List[str]) -> None:
+        if isinstance(genlist, build.GeneratedList):
+            for x in genlist.depends:
+                self.generate_genlist_for_target(x, target, parent_node, [], [], [])
+        target_private_dir = self.relpath(self.get_target_private_dir(target), self.get_target_dir(target))
+        down = self.target_to_build_root(target)
+        if isinstance(genlist, (build.CustomTarget, build.CustomTargetIndex)):
+            for i in genlist.get_outputs():
+                # Path to the generated source from the current vcxproj dir via the build root
+                ipath = os.path.join(down, self.get_target_dir(genlist), i)
+                custom_target_output_files.append(ipath)
+            idir = self.relpath(self.get_target_dir(genlist), self.get_target_dir(target))
+            if idir not in custom_target_include_dirs:
+                custom_target_include_dirs.append(idir)
+        else:
+            generator = genlist.get_generator()
+            exe = generator.get_exe()
+            infilelist = genlist.get_inputs()
+            outfilelist = genlist.get_outputs()
+            source_dir = os.path.join(down, self.build_to_src, genlist.subdir)
+            idgroup = ET.SubElement(parent_node, 'ItemGroup')
+            samelen = len(infilelist) == len(outfilelist)
+            for i, curfile in enumerate(infilelist):
+                if samelen:
+                    sole_output = os.path.join(target_private_dir, outfilelist[i])
+                else:
+                    sole_output = ''
+                infilename = os.path.join(down, curfile.rel_to_builddir(self.build_to_src, target_private_dir))
+                deps = self.get_target_depend_files(genlist, True)
+                base_args = generator.get_arglist(infilename)
+                outfiles_rel = genlist.get_outputs_for(curfile)
+                outfiles = [os.path.join(target_private_dir, of) for of in outfiles_rel]
+                generator_output_files += outfiles
+                args = [x.replace("@INPUT@", infilename).replace('@OUTPUT@', sole_output)
+                        for x in base_args]
+                args = self.replace_outputs(args, target_private_dir, outfiles_rel)
+                args = [x.replace("@SOURCE_DIR@", self.environment.get_source_dir())
+                        .replace("@BUILD_DIR@", target_private_dir)
+                        for x in args]
+                args = [x.replace("@CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR@", source_dir) for x in args]
+                args = [x.replace("@SOURCE_ROOT@", self.environment.get_source_dir())
+                        .replace("@BUILD_ROOT@", self.environment.get_build_dir())
+                        for x in args]
+                args = [x.replace('\\', '/') for x in args]
+                # Always use a wrapper because MSBuild eats random characters when
+                # there are many arguments.
+                tdir_abs = os.path.join(self.environment.get_build_dir(), self.get_target_dir(target))
+                cmd, _ = self.as_meson_exe_cmdline(
+                    exe,
+                    self.replace_extra_args(args, genlist),
+                    workdir=tdir_abs,
+                    capture=outfiles[0] if generator.capture else None,
+                    force_serialize=True,
+                    env=genlist.env
+                )
+                deps = cmd[-1:] + deps
+                abs_pdir = os.path.join(self.environment.get_build_dir(), self.get_target_dir(target))
+                os.makedirs(abs_pdir, exist_ok=True)
+                cbs = ET.SubElement(idgroup, 'CustomBuild', Include=infilename)
+                ET.SubElement(cbs, 'Command').text = ' '.join(self.quote_arguments(cmd))
+                ET.SubElement(cbs, 'Outputs').text = ';'.join(outfiles)
+                ET.SubElement(cbs, 'AdditionalInputs').text = ';'.join(deps)
+
+    def generate_custom_generator_commands(self, target, parent_node):
+        generator_output_files = []
+        custom_target_include_dirs = []
+        custom_target_output_files = []
+        for genlist in target.get_generated_sources():
+            self.generate_genlist_for_target(genlist, target, parent_node, generator_output_files, custom_target_include_dirs, custom_target_output_files)
+        return generator_output_files, custom_target_output_files, custom_target_include_dirs
+
+    def generate(self,
+                 capture: bool = False,
+                 vslite_ctx: dict = None) -> T.Optional[dict]:
+        # Check for (currently) unexpected capture arg use cases -
+        if capture:
+            raise MesonBugException('We do not expect any vs backend to generate with \'capture = True\'')
+        host_machine = self.environment.machines.host.cpu_family
+        if host_machine in {'64', 'x86_64'}:
+            # amd64 or x86_64
+            target_system = self.environment.machines.host.system
+            if detect_microsoft_gdk(target_system):
+                self.platform = target_system
+            else:
+                self.platform = 'x64'
+        elif host_machine == 'x86':
+            # x86
+            self.platform = 'Win32'
+        elif host_machine in {'aarch64', 'arm64'}:
+            target_cpu = self.environment.machines.host.cpu
+            if target_cpu == 'arm64ec':
+                self.platform = 'arm64ec'
+            else:
+                self.platform = 'arm64'
+        elif 'arm' in host_machine.lower():
+            self.platform = 'ARM'
+        else:
+            raise MesonException('Unsupported Visual Studio platform: ' + host_machine)
+
+        build_machine = self.environment.machines.build.cpu_family
+        if build_machine in {'64', 'x86_64'}:
+            # amd64 or x86_64
+            self.build_platform = 'x64'
+        elif build_machine == 'x86':
+            # x86
+            self.build_platform = 'Win32'
+        elif build_machine in {'aarch64', 'arm64'}:
+            target_cpu = self.environment.machines.build.cpu
+            if target_cpu == 'arm64ec':
+                self.build_platform = 'arm64ec'
+            else:
+                self.build_platform = 'arm64'
+        elif 'arm' in build_machine.lower():
+            self.build_platform = 'ARM'
+        else:
+            raise MesonException('Unsupported Visual Studio platform: ' + build_machine)
+
+        self.buildtype = self.environment.coredata.get_option(OptionKey('buildtype'))
+        self.optimization = self.environment.coredata.get_option(OptionKey('optimization'))
+        self.debug = self.environment.coredata.get_option(OptionKey('debug'))
+        try:
+            self.sanitize = self.environment.coredata.get_option(OptionKey('b_sanitize'))
+        except MesonException:
+            self.sanitize = 'none'
+        sln_filename = os.path.join(self.environment.get_build_dir(), self.build.project_name + '.sln')
+        projlist = self.generate_projects(vslite_ctx)
+        self.gen_testproj()
+        self.gen_installproj()
+        self.gen_regenproj()
+        self.generate_solution(sln_filename, projlist)
+        self.generate_regen_info()
+        Vs2010Backend.touch_regen_timestamp(self.environment.get_build_dir())
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def get_regen_stampfile(build_dir: str) -> None:
+        return os.path.join(os.path.join(build_dir, Environment.private_dir), 'regen.stamp')
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def touch_regen_timestamp(build_dir: str) -> None:
+        with open(Vs2010Backend.get_regen_stampfile(build_dir), 'w', encoding='utf-8'):
+            pass
+
+    def get_vcvars_command(self):
+        has_arch_values = 'VSCMD_ARG_TGT_ARCH' in os.environ and 'VSCMD_ARG_HOST_ARCH' in os.environ
+
+        # Use vcvarsall.bat if we found it.
+        if 'VCINSTALLDIR' in os.environ:
+            vs_version = os.environ['VisualStudioVersion'] \
+                if 'VisualStudioVersion' in os.environ else None
+            relative_path = 'Auxiliary\\Build\\' if vs_version is not None and vs_version >= '15.0' else ''
+            script_path = os.environ['VCINSTALLDIR'] + relative_path + 'vcvarsall.bat'
+            if os.path.exists(script_path):
+                if has_arch_values:
+                    target_arch = os.environ['VSCMD_ARG_TGT_ARCH']
+                    host_arch = os.environ['VSCMD_ARG_HOST_ARCH']
+                else:
+                    target_arch = os.environ.get('Platform', 'x86')
+                    host_arch = target_arch
+                arch = host_arch + '_' + target_arch if host_arch != target_arch else target_arch
+                return f'"{script_path}" {arch}'
+
+        # Otherwise try the VS2017 Developer Command Prompt.
+        if 'VS150COMNTOOLS' in os.environ and has_arch_values:
+            script_path = os.environ['VS150COMNTOOLS'] + 'VsDevCmd.bat'
+            if os.path.exists(script_path):
+                return '"%s" -arch=%s -host_arch=%s' % \
+                    (script_path, os.environ['VSCMD_ARG_TGT_ARCH'], os.environ['VSCMD_ARG_HOST_ARCH'])
+        return ''
+
+    def get_obj_target_deps(self, obj_list):
+        result = {}
+        for o in obj_list:
+            if isinstance(o, build.ExtractedObjects):
+                result[o.target.get_id()] = o.target
+        return result.items()
+
+    def get_target_deps(self, t: T.Dict[T.Any, build.Target], recursive=False):
+        all_deps: T.Dict[str, build.Target] = {}
+        for target in t.values():
+            if isinstance(target, build.CustomTarget):
+                for d in target.get_target_dependencies():
+                    # FIXME: this isn't strictly correct, as the target doesn't
+                    # Get dependencies on non-targets, such as Files
+                    if isinstance(d, build.Target):
+                        all_deps[d.get_id()] = d
+            elif isinstance(target, build.RunTarget):
+                for d in target.get_dependencies():
+                    all_deps[d.get_id()] = d
+            elif isinstance(target, build.BuildTarget):
+                for ldep in target.link_targets:
+                    if isinstance(ldep, build.CustomTargetIndex):
+                        all_deps[ldep.get_id()] = ldep.target
+                    else:
+                        all_deps[ldep.get_id()] = ldep
+                for ldep in target.link_whole_targets:
+                    if isinstance(ldep, build.CustomTargetIndex):
+                        all_deps[ldep.get_id()] = ldep.target
+                    else:
+                        all_deps[ldep.get_id()] = ldep
+
+                for ldep in target.link_depends:
+                    if isinstance(ldep, build.CustomTargetIndex):
+                        all_deps[ldep.get_id()] = ldep.target
+                    elif isinstance(ldep, File):
+                        # Already built, no target references needed
+                        pass
+                    else:
+                        all_deps[ldep.get_id()] = ldep
+
+                for obj_id, objdep in self.get_obj_target_deps(target.objects):
+                    all_deps[obj_id] = objdep
+            else:
+                raise MesonException(f'Unknown target type for target {target}')
+
+            for gendep in target.get_generated_sources():
+                if isinstance(gendep, build.CustomTarget):
+                    all_deps[gendep.get_id()] = gendep
+                elif isinstance(gendep, build.CustomTargetIndex):
+                    all_deps[gendep.target.get_id()] = gendep.target
+                else:
+                    generator = gendep.get_generator()
+                    gen_exe = generator.get_exe()
+                    if isinstance(gen_exe, build.Executable):
+                        all_deps[gen_exe.get_id()] = gen_exe
+                    for d in itertools.chain(generator.depends, gendep.depends):
+                        if isinstance(d, build.CustomTargetIndex):
+                            all_deps[d.get_id()] = d.target
+                        elif isinstance(d, build.Target):
+                            all_deps[d.get_id()] = d
+                        # FIXME: we don't handle other kinds of deps correctly here, such
+                        # as GeneratedLists, StructuredSources, and generated File.
+
+        if not t or not recursive:
+            return all_deps
+        ret = self.get_target_deps(all_deps, recursive)
+        ret.update(all_deps)
+        return ret
+
+    def generate_solution_dirs(self, ofile: str, parents: T.Sequence[Path]) -> None:
+        prj_templ = 'Project("{%s}") = "%s", "%s", "{%s}"\n'
+        iterpaths = reversed(parents)
+        # Skip first path
+        next(iterpaths)
+        for path in iterpaths:
+            if path not in self.subdirs:
+                basename = path.name
+                identifier = generate_guid_from_path(path, 'subdir')
+                # top-level directories have None as their parent_dir
+                parent_dir = path.parent
+                parent_identifier = self.subdirs[parent_dir][0] \
+                    if parent_dir != PurePath('.') else None
+                self.subdirs[path] = (identifier, parent_identifier)
+                prj_line = prj_templ % (
+                    self.environment.coredata.lang_guids['directory'],
+                    basename, basename, self.subdirs[path][0])
+                ofile.write(prj_line)
+                ofile.write('EndProject\n')
+
+    def generate_solution(self, sln_filename: str, projlist: T.List[Project]) -> None:
+        default_projlist = self.get_build_by_default_targets()
+        default_projlist.update(self.get_testlike_targets())
+        sln_filename_tmp = sln_filename + '~'
+        # Note using the utf-8 BOM requires the blank line, otherwise Visual Studio Version Selector fails.
+        # Without the BOM, VSVS fails if there is a blank line.
+        with open(sln_filename_tmp, 'w', encoding='utf-8-sig') as ofile:
+            ofile.write('\nMicrosoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version %s\n' % self.sln_file_version)
+            ofile.write('# Visual Studio %s\n' % self.sln_version_comment)
+            prj_templ = 'Project("{%s}") = "%s", "%s", "{%s}"\n'
+            for prj in projlist:
+                if self.environment.coredata.get_option(OptionKey('layout')) == 'mirror':
+                    self.generate_solution_dirs(ofile, prj[1].parents)
+                target = self.build.targets[prj[0]]
+                lang = 'default'
+                if hasattr(target, 'compilers') and target.compilers:
+                    for lang_out in target.compilers.keys():
+                        lang = lang_out
+                        break
+                prj_line = prj_templ % (
+                    self.environment.coredata.lang_guids[lang],
+                    prj[0], prj[1], prj[2])
+                ofile.write(prj_line)
+                target_dict = {target.get_id(): target}
+                # Get recursive deps
+                recursive_deps = self.get_target_deps(
+                    target_dict, recursive=True)
+                ofile.write('EndProject\n')
+                for dep, target in recursive_deps.items():
+                    if prj[0] in default_projlist:
+                        default_projlist[dep] = target
+
+            test_line = prj_templ % (self.environment.coredata.lang_guids['default'],
+                                     'RUN_TESTS', 'RUN_TESTS.vcxproj',
+                                     self.environment.coredata.test_guid)
+            ofile.write(test_line)
+            ofile.write('EndProject\n')
+            if self.gen_lite: # REGEN is replaced by the lighter-weight RECONFIGURE utility, for now.  See comment in 'gen_regenproj'
+                regen_proj_name = 'RECONFIGURE'
+                regen_proj_fname = 'RECONFIGURE.vcxproj'
+            else:
+                regen_proj_name = 'REGEN'
+                regen_proj_fname = 'REGEN.vcxproj'
+            regen_line = prj_templ % (self.environment.coredata.lang_guids['default'],
+                                      regen_proj_name, regen_proj_fname,
+                                      self.environment.coredata.regen_guid)
+            ofile.write(regen_line)
+            ofile.write('EndProject\n')
+            install_line = prj_templ % (self.environment.coredata.lang_guids['default'],
+                                        'RUN_INSTALL', 'RUN_INSTALL.vcxproj',
+                                        self.environment.coredata.install_guid)
+            ofile.write(install_line)
+            ofile.write('EndProject\n')
+            ofile.write('Global\n')
+            ofile.write('\tGlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = '
+                        'preSolution\n')
+            multi_config_buildtype_list = coredata.get_genvs_default_buildtype_list() if self.gen_lite else [self.buildtype]
+            for buildtype in multi_config_buildtype_list:
+                ofile.write('\t\t%s|%s = %s|%s\n' %
+                            (buildtype, self.platform, buildtype,
+                             self.platform))
+            ofile.write('\tEndGlobalSection\n')
+            ofile.write('\tGlobalSection(ProjectConfigurationPlatforms) = '
+                        'postSolution\n')
+            # REGEN project (multi-)configurations
+            for buildtype in multi_config_buildtype_list:
+                ofile.write('\t\t{%s}.%s|%s.ActiveCfg = %s|%s\n' %
+                            (self.environment.coredata.regen_guid, buildtype,
+                                self.platform, buildtype, self.platform))
+                if not self.gen_lite: # With a 'genvslite'-generated solution, the regen (i.e. reconfigure) utility is only intended to run when the user explicitly builds this proj.
+                    ofile.write('\t\t{%s}.%s|%s.Build.0 = %s|%s\n' %
+                                (self.environment.coredata.regen_guid, buildtype,
+                                    self.platform, buildtype, self.platform))
+            # Create the solution configuration
+            for project_index, p in enumerate(projlist):
+                if p[3] is MachineChoice.BUILD:
+                    config_platform = self.build_platform
+                else:
+                    config_platform = self.platform
+                # Add to the list of projects in this solution
+                for buildtype in multi_config_buildtype_list:
+                    ofile.write('\t\t{%s}.%s|%s.ActiveCfg = %s|%s\n' %
+                                (p[2], buildtype, self.platform,
+                                 buildtype, config_platform))
+                    # If we're building the solution with Visual Studio's build system, enable building of buildable
+                    # projects.  However, if we're building with meson (via --genvslite), then, since each project's
+                    # 'build' action just ends up doing the same 'meson compile ...' we don't want the 'solution build'
+                    # repeatedly going off and doing the same 'meson compile ...' multiple times over, so we default
+                    # to building the startup project, which is the first listed project in the solution file by
+                    # default for Visual Studio. The user is free to change this afterwards, but this provides a
+                    # sensible default.
+                    if (not self.gen_lite or project_index == 0) and \
+                       p[0] in default_projlist and \
+                       not isinstance(self.build.targets[p[0]], build.RunTarget):
+                        ofile.write('\t\t{%s}.%s|%s.Build.0 = %s|%s\n' %
+                                    (p[2], buildtype, self.platform,
+                                     buildtype, config_platform))
+            # RUN_TESTS and RUN_INSTALL project (multi-)configurations
+            for buildtype in multi_config_buildtype_list:
+                ofile.write('\t\t{%s}.%s|%s.ActiveCfg = %s|%s\n' %
+                            (self.environment.coredata.test_guid, buildtype,
+                             self.platform, buildtype, self.platform))
+                ofile.write('\t\t{%s}.%s|%s.ActiveCfg = %s|%s\n' %
+                            (self.environment.coredata.install_guid, buildtype,
+                             self.platform, buildtype, self.platform))
+            ofile.write('\tEndGlobalSection\n')
+            ofile.write('\tGlobalSection(SolutionProperties) = preSolution\n')
+            ofile.write('\t\tHideSolutionNode = FALSE\n')
+            ofile.write('\tEndGlobalSection\n')
+            if self.subdirs:
+                ofile.write('\tGlobalSection(NestedProjects) = '
+                            'preSolution\n')
+                for p in projlist:
+                    if p[1].parent != PurePath('.'):
+                        ofile.write("\t\t{{{}}} = {{{}}}\n".format(p[2], self.subdirs[p[1].parent][0]))
+                for subdir in self.subdirs.values():
+                    if subdir[1]:
+                        ofile.write("\t\t{{{}}} = {{{}}}\n".format(subdir[0], subdir[1]))
+                ofile.write('\tEndGlobalSection\n')
+            ofile.write('EndGlobal\n')
+        replace_if_different(sln_filename, sln_filename_tmp)
+
+    def generate_projects(self, vslite_ctx: dict = None) -> T.List[Project]:
+        startup_project = self.environment.coredata.options[OptionKey('backend_startup_project')].value
+        projlist: T.List[Project] = []
+        startup_idx = 0
+        for (i, (name, target)) in enumerate(self.build.targets.items()):
+            if startup_project and startup_project == target.get_basename():
+                startup_idx = i
+            outdir = Path(
+                self.environment.get_build_dir(),
+                self.get_target_dir(target)
+            )
+            outdir.mkdir(exist_ok=True, parents=True)
+            fname = name + '.vcxproj'
+            target_dir = PurePath(self.get_target_dir(target))
+            relname = target_dir / fname
+            projfile_path = outdir / fname
+            proj_uuid = self.environment.coredata.target_guids[name]
+            generated = self.gen_vcxproj(target, str(projfile_path), proj_uuid, vslite_ctx)
+            if generated:
+                projlist.append((name, relname, proj_uuid, target.for_machine))
+
+        # Put the startup project first in the project list
+        if startup_idx:
+            projlist.insert(0, projlist.pop(startup_idx))
+
+        return projlist
+
+    def split_sources(self, srclist):
+        sources = []
+        headers = []
+        objects = []
+        languages = []
+        for i in srclist:
+            if self.environment.is_header(i):
+                headers.append(i)
+            elif self.environment.is_object(i):
+                objects.append(i)
+            elif self.environment.is_source(i):
+                sources.append(i)
+                lang = self.lang_from_source_file(i)
+                if lang not in languages:
+                    languages.append(lang)
+            elif self.environment.is_library(i):
+                pass
+            else:
+                # Everything that is not an object or source file is considered a header.
+                headers.append(i)
+        return sources, headers, objects, languages
+
+    def target_to_build_root(self, target):
+        if self.get_target_dir(target) == '':
+            return ''
+
+        directories = os.path.normpath(self.get_target_dir(target)).split(os.sep)
+        return os.sep.join(['..'] * len(directories))
+
+    def quote_arguments(self, arr):
+        return ['"%s"' % i for i in arr]
+
+    def add_project_reference(self, root: ET.Element, include: str, projid: str, link_outputs: bool = False) -> None:
+        ig = ET.SubElement(root, 'ItemGroup')
+        pref = ET.SubElement(ig, 'ProjectReference', Include=include)
+        ET.SubElement(pref, 'Project').text = '{%s}' % projid
+        if not link_outputs:
+            # Do not link in generated .lib files from dependencies automatically.
+            # We only use the dependencies for ordering and link in the generated
+            # objects and .lib files manually.
+            ET.SubElement(pref, 'LinkLibraryDependencies').text = 'false'
+
+    def add_target_deps(self, root: ET.Element, target):
+        target_dict = {target.get_id(): target}
+        for dep in self.get_target_deps(target_dict).values():
+            if dep.get_id() in self.handled_target_deps[target.get_id()]:
+                # This dependency was already handled manually.
+                continue
+            relpath = self.get_target_dir_relative_to(dep, target)
+            vcxproj = os.path.join(relpath, dep.get_id() + '.vcxproj')
+            tid = self.environment.coredata.target_guids[dep.get_id()]
+            self.add_project_reference(root, vcxproj, tid)
+
+    def create_basic_project(self, target_name, *,
+                             temp_dir,
+                             guid,
+                             conftype='Utility',
+                             target_ext=None,
+                             target_platform=None) -> T.Tuple[ET.Element, ET.Element]:
+        root = ET.Element('Project', {'DefaultTargets': "Build",
+                                      'ToolsVersion': '4.0',
+                                      'xmlns': 'http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003'})
+
+        confitems = ET.SubElement(root, 'ItemGroup', {'Label': 'ProjectConfigurations'})
+        if not target_platform:
+            target_platform = self.platform
+
+        multi_config_buildtype_list = coredata.get_genvs_default_buildtype_list() if self.gen_lite else [self.buildtype]
+        for buildtype in multi_config_buildtype_list:
+            prjconf = ET.SubElement(confitems, 'ProjectConfiguration',
+                                    {'Include': buildtype + '|' + target_platform})
+            ET.SubElement(prjconf, 'Configuration').text = buildtype
+            ET.SubElement(prjconf, 'Platform').text = target_platform
+
+        # Globals
+        globalgroup = ET.SubElement(root, 'PropertyGroup', Label='Globals')
+        guidelem = ET.SubElement(globalgroup, 'ProjectGuid')
+        guidelem.text = '{%s}' % guid
+        kw = ET.SubElement(globalgroup, 'Keyword')
+        kw.text = self.platform + 'Proj'
+
+        ET.SubElement(root, 'Import', Project=r'$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.Default.props')
+
+        # Configuration
+        type_config = ET.SubElement(root, 'PropertyGroup', Label='Configuration')
+        ET.SubElement(type_config, 'ConfigurationType').text = conftype
+        if self.platform_toolset:
+            ET.SubElement(type_config, 'PlatformToolset').text = self.platform_toolset
+
+        # This must come AFTER the '<PropertyGroup Label="Configuration">' element;  importing before the 'PlatformToolset' elt
+        # gets set leads to msbuild failures reporting -
+        #   "The build tools for v142 (Platform Toolset = 'v142') cannot be found. ... please install v142 build tools."
+        # This is extremely unhelpful and misleading since the v14x build tools ARE installed.
+        ET.SubElement(root, 'Import', Project=r'$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.props')
+
+        # This attribute makes sure project names are displayed as expected in solution files even when their project file names differ
+        pname = ET.SubElement(globalgroup, 'ProjectName')
+        pname.text = target_name
+
+        if not self.gen_lite: # Plenty of elements aren't necessary for 'makefile'-style project that just redirects to meson builds
+            # XXX Wasn't here before for anything but gen_vcxproj , but seems fine?
+            ns = ET.SubElement(globalgroup, 'RootNamespace')
+            ns.text = target_name
+
+            p = ET.SubElement(globalgroup, 'Platform')
+            p.text = target_platform
+            if self.windows_target_platform_version:
+                ET.SubElement(globalgroup, 'WindowsTargetPlatformVersion').text = self.windows_target_platform_version
+            ET.SubElement(globalgroup, 'UseMultiToolTask').text = 'true'
+
+            ET.SubElement(type_config, 'CharacterSet').text = 'MultiByte'
+            # Fixme: wasn't here before for gen_vcxproj()
+            ET.SubElement(type_config, 'UseOfMfc').text = 'false'
+
+            # Project information
+            direlem = ET.SubElement(root, 'PropertyGroup')
+            fver = ET.SubElement(direlem, '_ProjectFileVersion')
+            fver.text = self.project_file_version
+            outdir = ET.SubElement(direlem, 'OutDir')
+            outdir.text = '.\\'
+            intdir = ET.SubElement(direlem, 'IntDir')
+            intdir.text = temp_dir + '\\'
+
+            tname = ET.SubElement(direlem, 'TargetName')
+            tname.text = target_name
+
+            if target_ext:
+                ET.SubElement(direlem, 'TargetExt').text = target_ext
+
+            ET.SubElement(direlem, 'EmbedManifest').text = 'false'
+
+        return (root, type_config)
+
+    def gen_run_target_vcxproj(self, target: build.RunTarget, ofname: str, guid: str) -> None:
+        (root, type_config) = self.create_basic_project(target.name,
+                                                        temp_dir=target.get_id(),
+                                                        guid=guid)
+        depend_files = self.get_target_depend_files(target)
+
+        if not target.command:
+            # This is an alias target and thus doesn't run any command. It's
+            # enough to emit the references to the other projects for them to
+            # be built/run/..., if necessary.
+            assert isinstance(target, build.AliasTarget)
+            assert len(depend_files) == 0
+        else:
+            assert not isinstance(target, build.AliasTarget)
+
+            target_env = self.get_run_target_env(target)
+            _, _, cmd_raw = self.eval_custom_target_command(target)
+            wrapper_cmd, _ = self.as_meson_exe_cmdline(target.command[0], cmd_raw[1:],
+                                                       force_serialize=True, env=target_env,
+                                                       verbose=True)
+            self.add_custom_build(root, 'run_target', ' '.join(self.quote_arguments(wrapper_cmd)),
+                                  deps=depend_files)
+
+        # The import is needed even for alias targets, otherwise the build
+        # target isn't defined
+        ET.SubElement(root, 'Import', Project=r'$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets')
+        self.add_regen_dependency(root)
+        self.add_target_deps(root, target)
+        self._prettyprint_vcxproj_xml(ET.ElementTree(root), ofname)
+
+    def gen_custom_target_vcxproj(self, target: build.CustomTarget, ofname: str, guid: str) -> None:
+        if target.for_machine is MachineChoice.BUILD:
+            platform = self.build_platform
+        else:
+            platform = self.platform
+        (root, type_config) = self.create_basic_project(target.name,
+                                                        temp_dir=target.get_id(),
+                                                        guid=guid,
+                                                        target_platform=platform)
+        # We need to always use absolute paths because our invocation is always
+        # from the target dir, not the build root.
+        target.absolute_paths = True
+        (srcs, ofilenames, cmd) = self.eval_custom_target_command(target, True)
+        depend_files = self.get_target_depend_files(target, True)
+        # Always use a wrapper because MSBuild eats random characters when
+        # there are many arguments.
+        tdir_abs = os.path.join(self.environment.get_build_dir(), self.get_target_dir(target))
+        extra_bdeps = target.get_transitive_build_target_deps()
+        wrapper_cmd, _ = self.as_meson_exe_cmdline(target.command[0], cmd[1:],
+                                                   # All targets run from the target dir
+                                                   workdir=tdir_abs,
+                                                   extra_bdeps=extra_bdeps,
+                                                   capture=ofilenames[0] if target.capture else None,
+                                                   feed=srcs[0] if target.feed else None,
+                                                   force_serialize=True,
+                                                   env=target.env,
+                                                   verbose=target.console)
+        if target.build_always_stale:
+            # Use a nonexistent file to always consider the target out-of-date.
+            ofilenames += [self.nonexistent_file(os.path.join(self.environment.get_scratch_dir(),
+                                                 'outofdate.file'))]
+        self.add_custom_build(root, 'custom_target', ' '.join(self.quote_arguments(wrapper_cmd)),
+                              deps=wrapper_cmd[-1:] + srcs + depend_files, outputs=ofilenames,
+                              verify_files=not target.build_always_stale)
+        ET.SubElement(root, 'Import', Project=r'$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets')
+        self.generate_custom_generator_commands(target, root)
+        self.add_regen_dependency(root)
+        self.add_target_deps(root, target)
+        self._prettyprint_vcxproj_xml(ET.ElementTree(root), ofname)
+
+    def gen_compile_target_vcxproj(self, target: build.CompileTarget, ofname: str, guid: str) -> None:
+        if target.for_machine is MachineChoice.BUILD:
+            platform = self.build_platform
+        else:
+            platform = self.platform
+        (root, type_config) = self.create_basic_project(target.name,
+                                                        temp_dir=target.get_id(),
+                                                        guid=guid,
+                                                        target_platform=platform)
+        ET.SubElement(root, 'Import', Project=r'$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets')
+        target.generated = [self.compile_target_to_generator(target)]
+        target.sources = []
+        self.generate_custom_generator_commands(target, root)
+        self.add_regen_dependency(root)
+        self.add_target_deps(root, target)
+        self._prettyprint_vcxproj_xml(ET.ElementTree(root), ofname)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def lang_from_source_file(cls, src):
+        ext = src.split('.')[-1]
+        if ext in compilers.c_suffixes:
+            return 'c'
+        if ext in compilers.cpp_suffixes:
+            return 'cpp'
+        raise MesonException(f'Could not guess language from source file {src}.')
+
+    def add_pch(self, pch_sources, lang, inc_cl):
+        if lang in pch_sources:
+            self.use_pch(pch_sources, lang, inc_cl)
+
+    def create_pch(self, pch_sources, lang, inc_cl):
+        pch = ET.SubElement(inc_cl, 'PrecompiledHeader')
+        pch.text = 'Create'
+        self.add_pch_files(pch_sources, lang, inc_cl)
+
+    def use_pch(self, pch_sources, lang, inc_cl):
+        pch = ET.SubElement(inc_cl, 'PrecompiledHeader')
+        pch.text = 'Use'
+        header = self.add_pch_files(pch_sources, lang, inc_cl)
+        pch_include = ET.SubElement(inc_cl, 'ForcedIncludeFiles')
+        pch_include.text = header + ';%(ForcedIncludeFiles)'
+
+    def add_pch_files(self, pch_sources, lang, inc_cl):
+        header = os.path.basename(pch_sources[lang][0])
+        pch_file = ET.SubElement(inc_cl, 'PrecompiledHeaderFile')
+        # When USING PCHs, MSVC will not do the regular include
+        # directory lookup, but simply use a string match to find the
+        # PCH to use. That means the #include directive must match the
+        # pch_file.text used during PCH CREATION verbatim.
+        # When CREATING a PCH, MSVC will do the include directory
+        # lookup to find the actual PCH header to use. Thus, the PCH
+        # header must either be in the include_directories of the target
+        # or be in the same directory as the PCH implementation.
+        pch_file.text = header
+        pch_out = ET.SubElement(inc_cl, 'PrecompiledHeaderOutputFile')
+        pch_out.text = f'$(IntDir)$(TargetName)-{lang}.pch'
+
+        # Need to set the name for the pdb, as cl otherwise gives it a static
+        # name. Which leads to problems when there is more than one pch
+        # (e.g. for different languages).
+        pch_pdb = ET.SubElement(inc_cl, 'ProgramDataBaseFileName')
+        pch_pdb.text = f'$(IntDir)$(TargetName)-{lang}.pdb'
+
+        return header
+
+    def is_argument_with_msbuild_xml_entry(self, entry):
+        # Remove arguments that have a top level XML entry so
+        # they are not used twice.
+        # FIXME add args as needed.
+        if entry[1:].startswith('fsanitize'):
+            return True
+        return entry[1:].startswith('M')
+
+    def add_additional_options(self, lang, parent_node, file_args):
+        args = []
+        for arg in file_args[lang].to_native():
+            if self.is_argument_with_msbuild_xml_entry(arg):
+                continue
+            if arg == '%(AdditionalOptions)':
+                args.append(arg)
+            else:
+                args.append(self.escape_additional_option(arg))
+        ET.SubElement(parent_node, "AdditionalOptions").text = ' '.join(args)
+
+    # Set up each project's source file ('CLCompile') element with appropriate preprocessor, include dir, and compile option values for correct intellisense.
+    def add_project_nmake_defs_incs_and_opts(self, parent_node, src: str, defs_paths_opts_per_lang_and_buildtype: dict, platform: str):
+        # For compactness, sources whose type matches the primary src type (i.e. most frequent in the set of source types used in the target/project,
+        # according to the 'captured_build_args' map), can simply reference the preprocessor definitions, include dirs, and compile option NMake fields of
+        # the project itself.
+        # However, if a src is of a non-primary type, it could have totally different defs/dirs/options so we're going to have to fill in the full, verbose
+        # set of values for these fields, which needs to be fully expanded per build type / configuration.
+        #
+        # FIXME:  Suppose a project contains .cpp and .c src files with different compile defs/dirs/options, while also having .h files, some of which
+        # are included by .cpp sources and others included by .c sources:  How do we know whether the .h source should be using the .cpp or .c src
+        # defs/dirs/options?  Might it also be possible for a .h header to be shared between .cpp and .c sources?  If so, I don't see how we can
+        # correctly configure these intellisense fields.
+        # For now, all sources/headers that fail to find their extension's language in the '...nmake_defs_paths_opts...' map will just adopt the project
+        # defs/dirs/opts that are set for the nominal 'primary' src type.
+        ext = src.split('.')[-1]
+        lang = compilers.compilers.SUFFIX_TO_LANG.get(ext, None)
+        if lang in defs_paths_opts_per_lang_and_buildtype.keys():
+            # This is a non-primary src type for which can't simply reference the project's nmake fields;
+            # we must laboriously fill in the fields for all buildtypes.
+            for buildtype in coredata.get_genvs_default_buildtype_list():
+                (defs, paths, opts) = defs_paths_opts_per_lang_and_buildtype[lang][buildtype]
+                condition = f'\'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)\'==\'{buildtype}|{platform}\''
+                ET.SubElement(parent_node, 'PreprocessorDefinitions', Condition=condition).text = defs
+                ET.SubElement(parent_node, 'AdditionalIncludeDirectories', Condition=condition).text = paths
+                ET.SubElement(parent_node, 'AdditionalOptions', Condition=condition).text = opts
+        else: # Can't find bespoke nmake defs/dirs/opts fields for this extention, so just reference the project's fields
+            ET.SubElement(parent_node, 'PreprocessorDefinitions').text = '$(NMakePreprocessorDefinitions)'
+            ET.SubElement(parent_node, 'AdditionalIncludeDirectories').text = '$(NMakeIncludeSearchPath)'
+            ET.SubElement(parent_node, 'AdditionalOptions').text = '$(AdditionalOptions)'
+
+    def add_preprocessor_defines(self, lang, parent_node, file_defines):
+        defines = []
+        for define in file_defines[lang]:
+            if define == '%(PreprocessorDefinitions)':
+                defines.append(define)
+            else:
+                defines.append(self.escape_preprocessor_define(define))
+        ET.SubElement(parent_node, "PreprocessorDefinitions").text = ';'.join(defines)
+
+    def add_include_dirs(self, lang, parent_node, file_inc_dirs):
+        dirs = file_inc_dirs[lang]
+        ET.SubElement(parent_node, "AdditionalIncludeDirectories").text = ';'.join(dirs)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def escape_preprocessor_define(define: str) -> str:
+        # See: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb383819.aspx
+        table = str.maketrans({'%': '%25', '$': '%24', '@': '%40',
+                               "'": '%27', ';': '%3B', '?': '%3F', '*': '%2A',
+                               # We need to escape backslash because it'll be un-escaped by
+                               # Windows during process creation when it parses the arguments
+                               # Basically, this converts `\` to `\\`.
+                               '\\': '\\\\'})
+        return define.translate(table)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def escape_additional_option(option: str) -> str:
+        # See: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb383819.aspx
+        table = str.maketrans({'%': '%25', '$': '%24', '@': '%40',
+                               "'": '%27', ';': '%3B', '?': '%3F', '*': '%2A', ' ': '%20'})
+        option = option.translate(table)
+        # Since we're surrounding the option with ", if it ends in \ that will
+        # escape the " when the process arguments are parsed and the starting
+        # " will not terminate. So we escape it if that's the case.  I'm not
+        # kidding, this is how escaping works for process args on Windows.
+        if option.endswith('\\'):
+            option += '\\'
+        return f'"{option}"'
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def split_link_args(args):
+        """
+        Split a list of link arguments into three lists:
+        * library search paths
+        * library filenames (or paths)
+        * other link arguments
+        """
+        lpaths = []
+        libs = []
+        other = []
+        for arg in args:
+            if arg.startswith('/LIBPATH:'):
+                lpath = arg[9:]
+                # De-dup library search paths by removing older entries when
+                # a new one is found. This is necessary because unlike other
+                # search paths such as the include path, the library is
+                # searched for in the newest (right-most) search path first.
+                if lpath in lpaths:
+                    lpaths.remove(lpath)
+                lpaths.append(lpath)
+            elif arg.startswith(('/', '-')):
+                other.append(arg)
+            # It's ok if we miss libraries with non-standard extensions here.
+            # They will go into the general link arguments.
+            elif arg.endswith('.lib') or arg.endswith('.a'):
+                # De-dup
+                if arg not in libs:
+                    libs.append(arg)
+            else:
+                other.append(arg)
+        return lpaths, libs, other
+
+    def _get_cl_compiler(self, target):
+        for lang, c in target.compilers.items():
+            if lang in {'c', 'cpp'}:
+                return c
+        # No source files, only objects, but we still need a compiler, so
+        # return a found compiler
+        if len(target.objects) > 0:
+            for lang, c in self.environment.coredata.compilers[target.for_machine].items():
+                if lang in {'c', 'cpp'}:
+                    return c
+        raise MesonException('Could not find a C or C++ compiler. MSVC can only build C/C++ projects.')
+
+    def _prettyprint_vcxproj_xml(self, tree: ET.ElementTree, ofname: str) -> None:
+        ofname_tmp = ofname + '~'
+        tree.write(ofname_tmp, encoding='utf-8', xml_declaration=True)
+
+        # ElementTree cannot do pretty-printing, so do it manually
+        doc = xml.dom.minidom.parse(ofname_tmp)
+        with open(ofname_tmp, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as of:
+            of.write(doc.toprettyxml())
+        replace_if_different(ofname, ofname_tmp)
+
+    # Returns:  (target_args,file_args), (target_defines,file_defines), (target_inc_dirs,file_inc_dirs)
+    def get_args_defines_and_inc_dirs(self, target, compiler, generated_files_include_dirs, proj_to_src_root, proj_to_src_dir, build_args):
+        # Arguments, include dirs, defines for all files in the current target
+        target_args = []
+        target_defines = []
+        target_inc_dirs = []
+        # Arguments, include dirs, defines passed to individual files in
+        # a target; perhaps because the args are language-specific
+        #
+        # file_args is also later split out into defines and include_dirs in
+        # case someone passed those in there
+        file_args: T.Dict[str, CompilerArgs] = {l: c.compiler_args() for l, c in target.compilers.items()}
+        file_defines = {l: [] for l in target.compilers}
+        file_inc_dirs = {l: [] for l in target.compilers}
+        # The order in which these compile args are added must match
+        # generate_single_compile() and generate_basic_compiler_args()
+        for l, comp in target.compilers.items():
+            if l in file_args:
+                file_args[l] += compilers.get_base_compile_args(
+                    target.get_options(), comp)
+                file_args[l] += comp.get_option_compile_args(
+                    target.get_options())
+
+        # Add compile args added using add_project_arguments()
+        for l, args in self.build.projects_args[target.for_machine].get(target.subproject, {}).items():
+            if l in file_args:
+                file_args[l] += args
+        # Add compile args added using add_global_arguments()
+        # These override per-project arguments
+        for l, args in self.build.global_args[target.for_machine].items():
+            if l in file_args:
+                file_args[l] += args
+        # Compile args added from the env or cross file: CFLAGS/CXXFLAGS, etc. We want these
+        # to override all the defaults, but not the per-target compile args.
+        for l in file_args.keys():
+            file_args[l] += target.get_option(OptionKey('args', machine=target.for_machine, lang=l))
+        for args in file_args.values():
+            # This is where Visual Studio will insert target_args, target_defines,
+            # etc, which are added later from external deps (see below).
+            args += ['%(AdditionalOptions)', '%(PreprocessorDefinitions)', '%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)']
+            # Add custom target dirs as includes automatically, but before
+            # target-specific include dirs. See _generate_single_compile() in
+            # the ninja backend for caveats.
+            args += ['-I' + arg for arg in generated_files_include_dirs]
+            # Add include dirs from the `include_directories:` kwarg on the target
+            # and from `include_directories:` of internal deps of the target.
+            #
+            # Target include dirs should override internal deps include dirs.
+            # This is handled in BuildTarget.process_kwargs()
+            #
+            # Include dirs from internal deps should override include dirs from
+            # external deps and must maintain the order in which they are
+            # specified. Hence, we must reverse so that the order is preserved.
+            #
+            # These are per-target, but we still add them as per-file because we
+            # need them to be looked in first.
+            for d in reversed(target.get_include_dirs()):
+                # reversed is used to keep order of includes
+                for i in reversed(d.expand_incdirs(self.environment.get_build_dir())):
+                    try:
+                        # Add source subdir first so that the build subdir overrides it
+                        args.append('-I' + os.path.join(proj_to_src_root, i.source))
+                        if i.build is not None:
+                            args.append('-I' + self.relpath(i.build, target.subdir))
+                    except ValueError:
+                        # Include is on different drive
+                        args.append('-I' + os.path.normpath(i.build))
+                for i in d.expand_extra_build_dirs():
+                    args.append('-I' + self.relpath(i, target.subdir))
+        # Add per-target compile args, f.ex, `c_args : ['/DFOO']`. We set these
+        # near the end since these are supposed to override everything else.
+        for l, args in target.extra_args.items():
+            if l in file_args:
+                file_args[l] += args
+        # The highest priority includes. In order of directory search:
+        # target private dir, target build dir, target source dir
+        for args in file_args.values():
+            t_inc_dirs = [self.relpath(self.get_target_private_dir(target),
+                                       self.get_target_dir(target))]
+            if target.implicit_include_directories:
+                t_inc_dirs += ['.', proj_to_src_dir]
+            args += ['-I' + arg for arg in t_inc_dirs]
+
+        # Split preprocessor defines and include directories out of the list of
+        # all extra arguments. The rest go into %(AdditionalOptions).
+        for l, args in file_args.items():
+            for arg in args[:]:
+                if arg.startswith(('-D', '/D')) or arg == '%(PreprocessorDefinitions)':
+                    file_args[l].remove(arg)
+                    # Don't escape the marker
+                    if arg == '%(PreprocessorDefinitions)':
+                        define = arg
+                    else:
+                        define = arg[2:]
+                    # De-dup
+                    if define not in file_defines[l]:
+                        file_defines[l].append(define)
+                elif arg.startswith(('-I', '/I')) or arg == '%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)':
+                    file_args[l].remove(arg)
+                    # Don't escape the marker
+                    if arg == '%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)':
+                        inc_dir = arg
+                    else:
+                        inc_dir = arg[2:]
+                    # De-dup
+                    if inc_dir not in file_inc_dirs[l]:
+                        file_inc_dirs[l].append(inc_dir)
+                    # Add include dirs to target as well so that "Go to Document" works in headers
+                    if inc_dir not in target_inc_dirs:
+                        target_inc_dirs.append(inc_dir)
+
+        # Split compile args needed to find external dependencies
+        # Link args are added while generating the link command
+        for d in reversed(target.get_external_deps()):
+            # Cflags required by external deps might have UNIX-specific flags,
+            # so filter them out if needed
+            if d.name != 'openmp':
+                d_compile_args = compiler.unix_args_to_native(d.get_compile_args())
+                for arg in d_compile_args:
+                    if arg.startswith(('-D', '/D')):
+                        define = arg[2:]
+                        # De-dup
+                        if define in target_defines:
+                            target_defines.remove(define)
+                        target_defines.append(define)
+                    elif arg.startswith(('-I', '/I')):
+                        inc_dir = arg[2:]
+                        # De-dup
+                        if inc_dir not in target_inc_dirs:
+                            target_inc_dirs.append(inc_dir)
+                    else:
+                        target_args.append(arg)
+
+        if '/Gw' in build_args:
+            target_args.append('/Gw')
+
+        return (target_args, file_args), (target_defines, file_defines), (target_inc_dirs, file_inc_dirs)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def get_build_args(compiler, optimization_level: str, debug: bool, sanitize: str) -> T.List[str]:
+        build_args = compiler.get_optimization_args(optimization_level)
+        build_args += compiler.get_debug_args(debug)
+        build_args += compiler.sanitizer_compile_args(sanitize)
+
+        return build_args
+
+    # Used in populating a simple nmake-style project's intellisense fields.
+    # Given a list of compile args, for example -
+    #    [ '-I..\\some\\dir\\include', '-I../../some/other/dir', '/MDd', '/W2', '/std:c++17', '/Od', '/Zi', '-DSOME_DEF=1', '-DANOTHER_DEF=someval', ...]
+    # returns a tuple of pre-processor defs (for this example) -
+    #    'SOME_DEF=1;ANOTHER_DEF=someval;'
+    # and include paths, e.g. -
+    #    '..\\some\\dir\\include;../../some/other/dir;'
+    # and finally any remaining compiler options, e.g. -
+    #    '/MDd /W2 /std:c++17 /Od/Zi'
+    @staticmethod
+    def _extract_nmake_fields(captured_build_args: list[str]) -> T.Tuple[str, str, str]:
+        include_dir_options = [
+            '-I',
+            '/I',
+            '-isystem', # regular gcc / clang option to denote system header include search paths
+            '/clang:-isystem', # clang-cl (msvc 'cl'-style clang wrapper) option to pass '-isystem' option to clang driver
+            '/imsvc', # clang-cl option to 'Add directory to system include search path'
+            '/external:I', # msvc cl option to add 'external' include search paths
+        ]
+
+        defs = ''
+        paths = '$(VC_IncludePath);$(WindowsSDK_IncludePath);'
+        additional_opts = ''
+        for arg in captured_build_args:
+            if arg.startswith(('-D', '/D')):
+                defs += arg[2:] + ';'
+            else:
+                opt_match = next((opt for opt in include_dir_options if arg.startswith(opt)), None)
+                if opt_match:
+                    paths += arg[len(opt_match):] + ';'
+                elif arg.startswith(('-', '/')):
+                    additional_opts += arg + ' '
+        return (defs, paths, additional_opts)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def get_nmake_base_meson_command_and_exe_search_paths() -> T.Tuple[str, str]:
+        meson_cmd_list = mesonlib.get_meson_command()
+        assert (len(meson_cmd_list) == 1) or (len(meson_cmd_list) == 2)
+        # We expect get_meson_command() to either be of the form -
+        #   1:  ['path/to/meson.exe']
+        # or -
+        #   2:  ['path/to/python.exe', 'and/path/to/meson.py']
+        # so we'd like to ensure our makefile-style project invokes the same meson executable or python src as this instance.
+        exe_search_paths = os.path.dirname(meson_cmd_list[0])
+        nmake_base_meson_command = os.path.basename(meson_cmd_list[0])
+        if len(meson_cmd_list) != 1:
+            # We expect to be dealing with case '2', shown above.
+            # With Windows, it's also possible that we get a path to the second element of meson_cmd_list that contains spaces
+            # (e.g. 'and/path to/meson.py').  So, because this will end up directly in the makefile/NMake command lines, we'd
+            # better always enclose it in quotes.  Only strictly necessary for paths with spaces but no harm for paths without -
+            nmake_base_meson_command += ' \"' + meson_cmd_list[1] + '\"'
+            exe_search_paths += ';' + os.path.dirname(meson_cmd_list[1])
+
+        # Additionally, in some cases, we appear to have to add 'C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows' to the 'Path' environment (via the
+        # ExecutablePath element), without which, the 'meson compile ...' (NMakeBuildCommandLine) command can fail (failure to find
+        # stdio.h and similar), so something is quietly switching some critical build behaviour based on the presence of these in
+        # the 'Path'.
+        # Not sure if this ultimately comes down to some 'find and guess' hidden behaviours within meson or within MSVC tools, but
+        # I guess some projects may implicitly rely on this behaviour.
+        # Things would be cleaner, more robust, repeatable, and portable if meson (and msvc tools) replaced all this kind of
+        # find/guess behaviour with the requirement that things just be explicitly specified by the user.
+        # An example of this can be seen with -
+        #   1:  Download https://github.com/facebook/zstd source
+        #   2:  cd to the 'zstd-dev\build\meson' dir
+        #   3:  meson setup -Dbin_programs=true -Dbin_contrib=true --genvslite vs2022 builddir_vslite
+        #   4:  Open the generated 'builddir_vslite_vs\zstd.sln' and build through a project, which should explicitly add the above to
+        #       the project's 'Executable Directories' paths and build successfully.
+        #   5:  Remove 'C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;' from the same project's 'Executable Directories' paths and rebuild.
+        #       This should now fail.
+        # It feels uncomfortable to do this but what better alternative is there (and might this introduce new problems)? -
+        exe_search_paths += ';C:\\Windows\\system32;C:\\Windows'
+        # A meson project that explicitly specifies compiler/linker tools and sdk/include paths is not going to have any problems
+        # with this addition.
+
+        return (nmake_base_meson_command, exe_search_paths)
+
+    def add_gen_lite_makefile_vcxproj_elements(self,
+                                               root: ET.Element,
+                                               platform: str,
+                                               target_ext: str,
+                                               vslite_ctx: dict,
+                                               target,
+                                               proj_to_build_root: str,
+                                               primary_src_lang: T.Optional[str]) -> None:
+        ET.SubElement(root, 'ImportGroup', Label='ExtensionSettings')
+        ET.SubElement(root, 'ImportGroup', Label='Shared')
+        prop_sheets_grp = ET.SubElement(root, 'ImportGroup', Label='PropertySheets')
+        ET.SubElement(prop_sheets_grp, 'Import', {'Project': r'$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props',
+                                                  'Condition': r"exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')",
+                                                  'Label': 'LocalAppDataPlatform'
+                                                  })
+        ET.SubElement(root, 'PropertyGroup', Label='UserMacros')
+
+        (nmake_base_meson_command, exe_search_paths) = Vs2010Backend.get_nmake_base_meson_command_and_exe_search_paths()
+
+        # Relative path from this .vcxproj to the directory containing the set of '..._[debug/debugoptimized/release]' setup meson build dirs.
+        proj_to_multiconfigured_builds_parent_dir = os.path.join(proj_to_build_root, '..')
+
+        # Conditional property groups per configuration (buildtype). E.g. -
+        #   <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='release|x64'">
+        multi_config_buildtype_list = coredata.get_genvs_default_buildtype_list()
+        for buildtype in multi_config_buildtype_list:
+            per_config_prop_group = ET.SubElement(root, 'PropertyGroup', Condition=f'\'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)\'==\'{buildtype}|{platform}\'')
+            (_, build_dir_tail) = os.path.split(self.src_to_build)
+            meson_build_dir_for_buildtype = build_dir_tail[:-2] + buildtype # Get the buildtype suffixed 'builddir_[debug/release/etc]' from 'builddir_vs', for example.
+            proj_to_build_dir_for_buildtype = str(os.path.join(proj_to_multiconfigured_builds_parent_dir, meson_build_dir_for_buildtype))
+            ET.SubElement(per_config_prop_group, 'OutDir').text = f'{proj_to_build_dir_for_buildtype}\\'
+            ET.SubElement(per_config_prop_group, 'IntDir').text = f'{proj_to_build_dir_for_buildtype}\\'
+            ET.SubElement(per_config_prop_group, 'NMakeBuildCommandLine').text = f'{nmake_base_meson_command} compile -C "{proj_to_build_dir_for_buildtype}"'
+            ET.SubElement(per_config_prop_group, 'NMakeOutput').text = f'$(OutDir){target.name}{target_ext}'
+            captured_build_args = vslite_ctx[buildtype][target.get_id()]
+            # 'captured_build_args' is a dictionary, mapping from each src file type to a list of compile args to use for that type.
+            # Usually, there's just one but we could have multiple src types.  However, since there's only one field for the makefile
+            # project's NMake... preprocessor/include intellisense fields, we'll just use the first src type we have to fill in
+            # these fields.  Then, any src files in this VS project that aren't of this first src type will then need to override
+            # its intellisense fields instead of simply referencing the values in the project.
+            ET.SubElement(per_config_prop_group, 'NMakeReBuildCommandLine').text = f'{nmake_base_meson_command} compile -C "{proj_to_build_dir_for_buildtype}" --clean && {nmake_base_meson_command} compile -C "{proj_to_build_dir_for_buildtype}"'
+            ET.SubElement(per_config_prop_group, 'NMakeCleanCommandLine').text = f'{nmake_base_meson_command} compile -C "{proj_to_build_dir_for_buildtype}" --clean'
+            # Need to set the 'ExecutablePath' element for the above NMake... commands to be able to invoke the meson command.
+            ET.SubElement(per_config_prop_group, 'ExecutablePath').text = exe_search_paths
+            # We may not have any src files and so won't have a primary src language.  In which case, we've nothing to fill in for this target's intellisense fields -
+            if primary_src_lang:
+                primary_src_type_build_args = captured_build_args[primary_src_lang]
+                preproc_defs, inc_paths, other_compile_opts = Vs2010Backend._extract_nmake_fields(primary_src_type_build_args)
+                ET.SubElement(per_config_prop_group, 'NMakePreprocessorDefinitions').text = preproc_defs
+                ET.SubElement(per_config_prop_group, 'NMakeIncludeSearchPath').text = inc_paths
+                ET.SubElement(per_config_prop_group, 'AdditionalOptions').text = other_compile_opts
+
+            # Unless we explicitly specify the following empty path elements, the project is assigned a load of nasty defaults that fill these
+            # with values like -
+            #    $(VC_IncludePath);$(WindowsSDK_IncludePath);
+            # which are all based on the current install environment (a recipe for non-reproducibility problems), not the paths that will be used by
+            # the actual meson compile jobs.  Although these elements look like they're only for MSBuild operations, they're not needed with our simple,
+            # lite/makefile-style projects so let's just remove them in case they do get used/confused by intellisense.
+            ET.SubElement(per_config_prop_group, 'IncludePath')
+            ET.SubElement(per_config_prop_group, 'ExternalIncludePath')
+            ET.SubElement(per_config_prop_group, 'ReferencePath')
+            ET.SubElement(per_config_prop_group, 'LibraryPath')
+            ET.SubElement(per_config_prop_group, 'LibraryWPath')
+            ET.SubElement(per_config_prop_group, 'SourcePath')
+            ET.SubElement(per_config_prop_group, 'ExcludePath')
+
+    def add_non_makefile_vcxproj_elements(
+            self,
+            root: ET.Element,
+            type_config: ET.Element,
+            target,
+            platform: str,
+            subsystem,
+            build_args,
+            target_args,
+            target_defines,
+            target_inc_dirs,
+            file_args
+            ) -> None:
+        compiler = self._get_cl_compiler(target)
+        buildtype_link_args = compiler.get_optimization_link_args(self.optimization)
+
+        # Prefix to use to access the build root from the vcxproj dir
+        down = self.target_to_build_root(target)
+
+        # FIXME: Should the following just be set in create_basic_project(), even if
+        # irrelevant for current target?
+
+        # FIXME: Meson's LTO support needs to be integrated here
+        ET.SubElement(type_config, 'WholeProgramOptimization').text = 'false'
+        # Let VS auto-set the RTC level
+        ET.SubElement(type_config, 'BasicRuntimeChecks').text = 'Default'
+        # Incremental linking increases code size
+        if '/INCREMENTAL:NO' in buildtype_link_args:
+            ET.SubElement(type_config, 'LinkIncremental').text = 'false'
+
+        # Build information
+        compiles = ET.SubElement(root, 'ItemDefinitionGroup')
+        clconf = ET.SubElement(compiles, 'ClCompile')
+        if True in ((dep.name == 'openmp') for dep in target.get_external_deps()):
+            ET.SubElement(clconf, 'OpenMPSupport').text = 'true'
+        # CRT type; debug or release
+        vscrt_type = target.get_option(OptionKey('b_vscrt'))
+        vscrt_val = compiler.get_crt_val(vscrt_type, self.buildtype)
+        if vscrt_val == 'mdd':
+            ET.SubElement(type_config, 'UseDebugLibraries').text = 'true'
+            ET.SubElement(clconf, 'RuntimeLibrary').text = 'MultiThreadedDebugDLL'
+        elif vscrt_val == 'mt':
+            # FIXME, wrong
+            ET.SubElement(type_config, 'UseDebugLibraries').text = 'false'
+            ET.SubElement(clconf, 'RuntimeLibrary').text = 'MultiThreaded'
+        elif vscrt_val == 'mtd':
+            # FIXME, wrong
+            ET.SubElement(type_config, 'UseDebugLibraries').text = 'true'
+            ET.SubElement(clconf, 'RuntimeLibrary').text = 'MultiThreadedDebug'
+        else:
+            ET.SubElement(type_config, 'UseDebugLibraries').text = 'false'
+            ET.SubElement(clconf, 'RuntimeLibrary').text = 'MultiThreadedDLL'
+        # Sanitizers
+        if '/fsanitize=address' in build_args:
+            ET.SubElement(type_config, 'EnableASAN').text = 'true'
+        # Debug format
+        if '/ZI' in build_args:
+            ET.SubElement(clconf, 'DebugInformationFormat').text = 'EditAndContinue'
+        elif '/Zi' in build_args:
+            ET.SubElement(clconf, 'DebugInformationFormat').text = 'ProgramDatabase'
+        elif '/Z7' in build_args:
+            ET.SubElement(clconf, 'DebugInformationFormat').text = 'OldStyle'
+        else:
+            ET.SubElement(clconf, 'DebugInformationFormat').text = 'None'
+        # Runtime checks
+        if '/RTC1' in build_args:
+            ET.SubElement(clconf, 'BasicRuntimeChecks').text = 'EnableFastChecks'
+        elif '/RTCu' in build_args:
+            ET.SubElement(clconf, 'BasicRuntimeChecks').text = 'UninitializedLocalUsageCheck'
+        elif '/RTCs' in build_args:
+            ET.SubElement(clconf, 'BasicRuntimeChecks').text = 'StackFrameRuntimeCheck'
+        # Exception handling has to be set in the xml in addition to the "AdditionalOptions" because otherwise
+        # cl will give warning D9025: overriding '/Ehs' with cpp_eh value
+        if 'cpp' in target.compilers:
+            eh = target.get_option(OptionKey('eh', machine=target.for_machine, lang='cpp'))
+            if eh == 'a':
+                ET.SubElement(clconf, 'ExceptionHandling').text = 'Async'
+            elif eh == 's':
+                ET.SubElement(clconf, 'ExceptionHandling').text = 'SyncCThrow'
+            elif eh == 'none':
+                ET.SubElement(clconf, 'ExceptionHandling').text = 'false'
+            else:  # 'sc' or 'default'
+                ET.SubElement(clconf, 'ExceptionHandling').text = 'Sync'
+
+        if len(target_args) > 0:
+            target_args.append('%(AdditionalOptions)')
+            ET.SubElement(clconf, "AdditionalOptions").text = ' '.join(target_args)
+        ET.SubElement(clconf, 'AdditionalIncludeDirectories').text = ';'.join(target_inc_dirs)
+        target_defines.append('%(PreprocessorDefinitions)')
+        ET.SubElement(clconf, 'PreprocessorDefinitions').text = ';'.join(target_defines)
+        ET.SubElement(clconf, 'FunctionLevelLinking').text = 'true'
+        # Warning level
+        warning_level = T.cast('str', target.get_option(OptionKey('warning_level')))
+        warning_level = 'EnableAllWarnings' if warning_level == 'everything' else 'Level' + str(1 + int(warning_level))
+        ET.SubElement(clconf, 'WarningLevel').text = warning_level
+        if target.get_option(OptionKey('werror')):
+            ET.SubElement(clconf, 'TreatWarningAsError').text = 'true'
+        # Optimization flags
+        o_flags = split_o_flags_args(build_args)
+        if '/Ox' in o_flags:
+            ET.SubElement(clconf, 'Optimization').text = 'Full'
+        elif '/O2' in o_flags:
+            ET.SubElement(clconf, 'Optimization').text = 'MaxSpeed'
+        elif '/O1' in o_flags:
+            ET.SubElement(clconf, 'Optimization').text = 'MinSpace'
+        elif '/Od' in o_flags:
+            ET.SubElement(clconf, 'Optimization').text = 'Disabled'
+        if '/Oi' in o_flags:
+            ET.SubElement(clconf, 'IntrinsicFunctions').text = 'true'
+        if '/Ob1' in o_flags:
+            ET.SubElement(clconf, 'InlineFunctionExpansion').text = 'OnlyExplicitInline'
+        elif '/Ob2' in o_flags:
+            ET.SubElement(clconf, 'InlineFunctionExpansion').text = 'AnySuitable'
+        # Size-preserving flags
+        if '/Os' in o_flags or '/O1' in o_flags:
+            ET.SubElement(clconf, 'FavorSizeOrSpeed').text = 'Size'
+        # Note: setting FavorSizeOrSpeed with clang-cl conflicts with /Od and can make debugging difficult, so don't.
+        elif '/Od' not in o_flags:
+            ET.SubElement(clconf, 'FavorSizeOrSpeed').text = 'Speed'
+        # Note: SuppressStartupBanner is /NOLOGO and is 'true' by default
+        self.generate_lang_standard_info(file_args, clconf)
+
+        resourcecompile = ET.SubElement(compiles, 'ResourceCompile')
+        ET.SubElement(resourcecompile, 'PreprocessorDefinitions')
+
+        # Linker options
+        link = ET.SubElement(compiles, 'Link')
+        extra_link_args = compiler.compiler_args()
+        extra_link_args += compiler.get_optimization_link_args(self.optimization)
+        # Generate Debug info
+        if self.debug:
+            self.generate_debug_information(link)
+        else:
+            ET.SubElement(link, 'GenerateDebugInformation').text = 'false'
+        if not isinstance(target, build.StaticLibrary):
+            if isinstance(target, build.SharedModule):
+                extra_link_args += compiler.get_std_shared_module_link_args(target.get_options())
+            # Add link args added using add_project_link_arguments()
+            extra_link_args += self.build.get_project_link_args(compiler, target.subproject, target.for_machine)
+            # Add link args added using add_global_link_arguments()
+            # These override per-project link arguments
+            extra_link_args += self.build.get_global_link_args(compiler, target.for_machine)
+            # Link args added from the env: LDFLAGS, or the cross file. We want
+            # these to override all the defaults but not the per-target link
+            # args.
+            extra_link_args += self.environment.coredata.get_external_link_args(
+                target.for_machine, compiler.get_language())
+            # Only non-static built targets need link args and link dependencies
+            extra_link_args += target.link_args
+            # External deps must be last because target link libraries may depend on them.
+            for dep in target.get_external_deps():
+                # Extend without reordering or de-dup to preserve `-L -l` sets
+                # https://github.com/mesonbuild/meson/issues/1718
+                if dep.name == 'openmp':
+                    ET.SubElement(clconf, 'OpenMPSupport').text = 'true'
+                else:
+                    extra_link_args.extend_direct(dep.get_link_args())
+            for d in target.get_dependencies():
+                if isinstance(d, build.StaticLibrary):
+                    for dep in d.get_external_deps():
+                        if dep.name == 'openmp':
+                            ET.SubElement(clconf, 'OpenMPSupport').text = 'true'
+                        else:
+                            extra_link_args.extend_direct(dep.get_link_args())
+        # Add link args for c_* or cpp_* build options. Currently this only
+        # adds c_winlibs and cpp_winlibs when building for Windows. This needs
+        # to be after all internal and external libraries so that unresolved
+        # symbols from those can be found here. This is needed when the
+        # *_winlibs that we want to link to are static mingw64 libraries.
+        extra_link_args += compiler.get_option_link_args(target.get_options())
+        (additional_libpaths, additional_links, extra_link_args) = self.split_link_args(extra_link_args.to_native())
+
+        # Add more libraries to be linked if needed
+        for t in target.get_dependencies():
+            if isinstance(t, build.CustomTargetIndex):
+                # We don't need the actual project here, just the library name
+                lobj = t
+            else:
+                lobj = self.build.targets[t.get_id()]
+            linkname = os.path.join(down, self.get_target_filename_for_linking(lobj))
+            if t in target.link_whole_targets:
+                if compiler.id == 'msvc' and version_compare(compiler.version, '<19.00.23918'):
+                    # Expand our object lists manually if we are on pre-Visual Studio 2015 Update 2
+                    l = t.extract_all_objects(False)
+
+                    # Unfortunately, we can't use self.object_filename_from_source()
+                    for gen in l.genlist:
+                        for src in gen.get_outputs():
+                            if self.environment.is_source(src):
+                                path = self.get_target_generated_dir(t, gen, src)
+                                gen_src_ext = '.' + os.path.splitext(path)[1][1:]
+                                extra_link_args.append(path[:-len(gen_src_ext)] + '.obj')
+
+                    for src in l.srclist:
+                        if self.environment.is_source(src):
+                            target_private_dir = self.relpath(self.get_target_private_dir(t),
+                                                              self.get_target_dir(t))
+                            rel_obj = self.object_filename_from_source(t, src, target_private_dir)
+                            extra_link_args.append(rel_obj)
+
+                    extra_link_args.extend(self.flatten_object_list(t))
+                else:
+                    # /WHOLEARCHIVE:foo must go into AdditionalOptions
+                    extra_link_args += compiler.get_link_whole_for(linkname)
+                # To force Visual Studio to build this project even though it
+                # has no sources, we include a reference to the vcxproj file
+                # that builds this target. Technically we should add this only
+                # if the current target has no sources, but it doesn't hurt to
+                # have 'extra' references.
+                trelpath = self.get_target_dir_relative_to(t, target)
+                tvcxproj = os.path.join(trelpath, t.get_id() + '.vcxproj')
+                tid = self.environment.coredata.target_guids[t.get_id()]
+                self.add_project_reference(root, tvcxproj, tid, link_outputs=True)
+                # Mark the dependency as already handled to not have
+                # multiple references to the same target.
+                self.handled_target_deps[target.get_id()].append(t.get_id())
+            else:
+                # Other libraries go into AdditionalDependencies
+                if linkname not in additional_links:
+                    additional_links.append(linkname)
+        for lib in self.get_custom_target_provided_libraries(target):
+            additional_links.append(self.relpath(lib, self.get_target_dir(target)))
+
+        if len(extra_link_args) > 0:
+            extra_link_args.append('%(AdditionalOptions)')
+            ET.SubElement(link, "AdditionalOptions").text = ' '.join(extra_link_args)
+        if len(additional_libpaths) > 0:
+            additional_libpaths.insert(0, '%(AdditionalLibraryDirectories)')
+            ET.SubElement(link, 'AdditionalLibraryDirectories').text = ';'.join(additional_libpaths)
+        if len(additional_links) > 0:
+            additional_links.append('%(AdditionalDependencies)')
+            ET.SubElement(link, 'AdditionalDependencies').text = ';'.join(additional_links)
+        ofile = ET.SubElement(link, 'OutputFile')
+        ofile.text = f'$(OutDir){target.get_filename()}'
+        subsys = ET.SubElement(link, 'SubSystem')
+        subsys.text = subsystem
+        if isinstance(target, (build.SharedLibrary, build.Executable)) and target.get_import_filename():
+            # DLLs built with MSVC always have an import library except when
+            # they're data-only DLLs, but we don't support those yet.
+            ET.SubElement(link, 'ImportLibrary').text = target.get_import_filename()
+        if isinstance(target, (build.SharedLibrary, build.Executable)):
+            # Add module definitions file, if provided
+            if target.vs_module_defs:
+                relpath = os.path.join(down, target.vs_module_defs.rel_to_builddir(self.build_to_src))
+                ET.SubElement(link, 'ModuleDefinitionFile').text = relpath
+        if self.debug:
+            pdb = ET.SubElement(link, 'ProgramDataBaseFileName')
+            pdb.text = f'$(OutDir){target.name}.pdb'
+        targetmachine = ET.SubElement(link, 'TargetMachine')
+        if target.for_machine is MachineChoice.BUILD:
+            targetplatform = platform.lower()
+        else:
+            targetplatform = self.platform.lower()
+        if targetplatform == 'win32':
+            targetmachine.text = 'MachineX86'
+        elif targetplatform == 'x64' or detect_microsoft_gdk(targetplatform):
+            targetmachine.text = 'MachineX64'
+        elif targetplatform == 'arm':
+            targetmachine.text = 'MachineARM'
+        elif targetplatform == 'arm64':
+            targetmachine.text = 'MachineARM64'
+        elif targetplatform == 'arm64ec':
+            targetmachine.text = 'MachineARM64EC'
+        else:
+            raise MesonException('Unsupported Visual Studio target machine: ' + targetplatform)
+        # /nologo
+        ET.SubElement(link, 'SuppressStartupBanner').text = 'true'
+        # /release
+        if not target.get_option(OptionKey('debug')):
+            ET.SubElement(link, 'SetChecksum').text = 'true'
+
+    # Visual studio doesn't simply allow the src files of a project to be added with the 'Condition=...' attribute,
+    # to allow us to point to the different debug/debugoptimized/release sets of generated src files for each of
+    # the solution's configurations.  Similarly, 'ItemGroup' also doesn't support 'Condition'.  So, without knowing
+    # a better (simple) alternative, for now, we'll repoint these generated sources (which will be incorrectly
+    # pointing to non-existent files under our '[builddir]_vs' directory) to the appropriate location under one of
+    # our buildtype build directores (e.g. '[builddir]_debug').
+    # This will at least allow the user to open the files of generated sources listed in the solution explorer,
+    # once a build/compile has generated these sources.
+    #
+    # This modifies the paths in 'gen_files' in place, as opposed to returning a new list of modified paths.
+    def relocate_generated_file_paths_to_concrete_build_dir(self, gen_files: T.List[str], target: T.Union[build.Target, build.CustomTargetIndex]) -> None:
+        (_, build_dir_tail) = os.path.split(self.src_to_build)
+        meson_build_dir_for_buildtype = build_dir_tail[:-2] + coredata.get_genvs_default_buildtype_list()[0] # Get the first buildtype suffixed dir (i.e. '[builddir]_debug') from '[builddir]_vs'
+        # Relative path from this .vcxproj to the directory containing the set of '..._[debug/debugoptimized/release]' setup meson build dirs.
+        proj_to_build_root = self.target_to_build_root(target)
+        proj_to_multiconfigured_builds_parent_dir = os.path.join(proj_to_build_root, '..')
+        proj_to_build_dir_for_buildtype = str(os.path.join(proj_to_multiconfigured_builds_parent_dir, meson_build_dir_for_buildtype))
+        relocate_to_concrete_builddir_target = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(proj_to_build_dir_for_buildtype, self.get_target_dir(target)))
+        for idx, file_path in enumerate(gen_files):
+            gen_files[idx] = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(relocate_to_concrete_builddir_target, file_path))
+
+    # Returns bool indicating whether the .vcxproj has been generated.
+    # Under some circumstances, it's unnecessary to create some .vcxprojs, so, when generating the .sln,
+    # we need to respect that not all targets will have generated a project.
+    def gen_vcxproj(self, target: build.BuildTarget, ofname: str, guid: str, vslite_ctx: dict = None) -> bool:
+        mlog.debug(f'Generating vcxproj {target.name}.')
+        subsystem = 'Windows'
+        self.handled_target_deps[target.get_id()] = []
+
+        if self.gen_lite:
+            if not isinstance(target, build.BuildTarget):
+                # Since we're going to delegate all building to the one true meson build command, we don't need
+                # to generate .vcxprojs for targets that don't add any source files or just perform custom build
+                # commands.  These are targets of types CustomTarget or RunTarget.  So let's just skip generating
+                # these otherwise insubstantial non-BuildTarget targets.
+                return False
+            conftype = 'Makefile'
+        elif isinstance(target, build.Executable):
+            conftype = 'Application'
+            # If someone knows how to set the version properly,
+            # please send a patch.
+            subsystem = target.win_subsystem.split(',')[0]
+        elif isinstance(target, build.StaticLibrary):
+            conftype = 'StaticLibrary'
+        elif isinstance(target, build.SharedLibrary):
+            conftype = 'DynamicLibrary'
+        elif isinstance(target, build.CustomTarget):
+            self.gen_custom_target_vcxproj(target, ofname, guid)
+            return True
+        elif isinstance(target, build.RunTarget):
+            self.gen_run_target_vcxproj(target, ofname, guid)
+            return True
+        elif isinstance(target, build.CompileTarget):
+            self.gen_compile_target_vcxproj(target, ofname, guid)
+            return True
+        else:
+            raise MesonException(f'Unknown target type for {target.get_basename()}')
+
+        (sources, headers, objects, _languages) = self.split_sources(target.sources)
+        if target.is_unity:
+            sources = self.generate_unity_files(target, sources)
+        if target.for_machine is MachineChoice.BUILD:
+            platform = self.build_platform
+        else:
+            platform = self.platform
+
+        tfilename = os.path.splitext(target.get_filename())
+
+        (root, type_config) = self.create_basic_project(tfilename[0],
+                                                        temp_dir=target.get_id(),
+                                                        guid=guid,
+                                                        conftype=conftype,
+                                                        target_ext=tfilename[1],
+                                                        target_platform=platform)
+
+        generated_files, custom_target_output_files, generated_files_include_dirs = self.generate_custom_generator_commands(
+            target, root)
+        (gen_src, gen_hdrs, gen_objs, _gen_langs) = self.split_sources(generated_files)
+        (custom_src, custom_hdrs, custom_objs, _custom_langs) = self.split_sources(custom_target_output_files)
+        gen_src += custom_src
+        gen_hdrs += custom_hdrs
+
+        compiler = self._get_cl_compiler(target)
+        build_args = Vs2010Backend.get_build_args(compiler, self.optimization, self.debug, self.sanitize)
+
+        assert isinstance(target, (build.Executable, build.SharedLibrary, build.StaticLibrary, build.SharedModule)), 'for mypy'
+        # Prefix to use to access the build root from the vcxproj dir
+        proj_to_build_root = self.target_to_build_root(target)
+        # Prefix to use to access the source tree's root from the vcxproj dir
+        proj_to_src_root = os.path.join(proj_to_build_root, self.build_to_src)
+        # Prefix to use to access the source tree's subdir from the vcxproj dir
+        proj_to_src_dir = os.path.join(proj_to_src_root, self.get_target_dir(target))
+
+        (target_args, file_args), (target_defines, file_defines), (target_inc_dirs, file_inc_dirs) = self.get_args_defines_and_inc_dirs(
+            target, compiler, generated_files_include_dirs, proj_to_src_root, proj_to_src_dir, build_args)
+
+        if self.gen_lite:
+            assert vslite_ctx is not None
+            primary_src_lang = get_primary_source_lang(target.sources, custom_src)
+            self.add_gen_lite_makefile_vcxproj_elements(root, platform, tfilename[1], vslite_ctx, target, proj_to_build_root, primary_src_lang)
+        else:
+            self.add_non_makefile_vcxproj_elements(root, type_config, target, platform, subsystem, build_args, target_args, target_defines, target_inc_dirs, file_args)
+
+        meson_file_group = ET.SubElement(root, 'ItemGroup')
+        ET.SubElement(meson_file_group, 'None', Include=os.path.join(proj_to_src_dir, build_filename))
+
+        # Visual Studio can't load projects that present duplicated items. Filter them out
+        # by keeping track of already added paths.
+        def path_normalize_add(path, lis):
+            normalized = os.path.normcase(os.path.normpath(path))
+            if normalized not in lis:
+                lis.append(normalized)
+                return True
+            else:
+                return False
+
+        pch_sources = {}
+        if self.target_uses_pch(target):
+            for lang in ['c', 'cpp']:
+                pch = target.get_pch(lang)
+                if not pch:
+                    continue
+                if compiler.id == 'msvc':
+                    if len(pch) == 1:
+                        # Auto generate PCH.
+                        src = os.path.join(proj_to_build_root, self.create_msvc_pch_implementation(target, lang, pch[0]))
+                        pch_header_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.join(proj_to_src_dir, pch[0]))
+                    else:
+                        src = os.path.join(proj_to_src_dir, pch[1])
+                        pch_header_dir = None
+                    pch_sources[lang] = [pch[0], src, lang, pch_header_dir]
+                else:
+                    # I don't know whether its relevant but let's handle other compilers
+                    # used with a vs backend
+                    pch_sources[lang] = [pch[0], None, lang, None]
+
+        previous_includes = []
+        if len(headers) + len(gen_hdrs) + len(target.extra_files) + len(pch_sources) > 0:
+            if self.gen_lite and gen_hdrs:
+                # Although we're constructing our .vcxproj under our '..._vs' directory, we want to reference generated files
+                # in our concrete build directories (e.g. '..._debug'), where generated files will exist after building.
+                self.relocate_generated_file_paths_to_concrete_build_dir(gen_hdrs, target)
+
+            inc_hdrs = ET.SubElement(root, 'ItemGroup')
+            for h in headers:
+                relpath = os.path.join(proj_to_build_root, h.rel_to_builddir(self.build_to_src))
+                if path_normalize_add(relpath, previous_includes):
+                    ET.SubElement(inc_hdrs, 'CLInclude', Include=relpath)
+            for h in gen_hdrs:
+                if path_normalize_add(h, previous_includes):
+                    ET.SubElement(inc_hdrs, 'CLInclude', Include=h)
+            for h in target.extra_files:
+                relpath = os.path.join(proj_to_build_root, h.rel_to_builddir(self.build_to_src))
+                if path_normalize_add(relpath, previous_includes):
+                    ET.SubElement(inc_hdrs, 'CLInclude', Include=relpath)
+            for headers in pch_sources.values():
+                path = os.path.join(proj_to_src_dir, headers[0])
+                if path_normalize_add(path, previous_includes):
+                    ET.SubElement(inc_hdrs, 'CLInclude', Include=path)
+
+        previous_sources = []
+        if len(sources) + len(gen_src) + len(pch_sources) > 0:
+            if self.gen_lite:
+                # Get data to fill in intellisense fields for sources that can't reference the project-wide values
+                defs_paths_opts_per_lang_and_buildtype = get_non_primary_lang_intellisense_fields(
+                    vslite_ctx,
+                    target.get_id(),
+                    primary_src_lang)
+                if gen_src:
+                    # Although we're constructing our .vcxproj under our '..._vs' directory, we want to reference generated files
+                    # in our concrete build directories (e.g. '..._debug'), where generated files will exist after building.
+                    self.relocate_generated_file_paths_to_concrete_build_dir(gen_src, target)
+
+            inc_src = ET.SubElement(root, 'ItemGroup')
+            for s in sources:
+                relpath = os.path.join(proj_to_build_root, s.rel_to_builddir(self.build_to_src))
+                if path_normalize_add(relpath, previous_sources):
+                    inc_cl = ET.SubElement(inc_src, 'CLCompile', Include=relpath)
+                    if self.gen_lite:
+                        self.add_project_nmake_defs_incs_and_opts(inc_cl, relpath, defs_paths_opts_per_lang_and_buildtype, platform)
+                    else:
+                        lang = Vs2010Backend.lang_from_source_file(s)
+                        self.add_pch(pch_sources, lang, inc_cl)
+                        self.add_additional_options(lang, inc_cl, file_args)
+                        self.add_preprocessor_defines(lang, inc_cl, file_defines)
+                        self.add_include_dirs(lang, inc_cl, file_inc_dirs)
+                        ET.SubElement(inc_cl, 'ObjectFileName').text = "$(IntDir)" + \
+                            self.object_filename_from_source(target, s)
+            for s in gen_src:
+                if path_normalize_add(s, previous_sources):
+                    inc_cl = ET.SubElement(inc_src, 'CLCompile', Include=s)
+                    if self.gen_lite:
+                        self.add_project_nmake_defs_incs_and_opts(inc_cl, s, defs_paths_opts_per_lang_and_buildtype, platform)
+                    else:
+                        lang = Vs2010Backend.lang_from_source_file(s)
+                        self.add_pch(pch_sources, lang, inc_cl)
+                        self.add_additional_options(lang, inc_cl, file_args)
+                        self.add_preprocessor_defines(lang, inc_cl, file_defines)
+                        self.add_include_dirs(lang, inc_cl, file_inc_dirs)
+                        s = File.from_built_file(target.get_output_subdir(), s)
+                        ET.SubElement(inc_cl, 'ObjectFileName').text = "$(IntDir)" + \
+                            self.object_filename_from_source(target, s)
+            for lang, headers in pch_sources.items():
+                impl = headers[1]
+                if impl and path_normalize_add(impl, previous_sources):
+                    inc_cl = ET.SubElement(inc_src, 'CLCompile', Include=impl)
+                    self.create_pch(pch_sources, lang, inc_cl)
+                    if self.gen_lite:
+                        self.add_project_nmake_defs_incs_and_opts(inc_cl, impl, defs_paths_opts_per_lang_and_buildtype, platform)
+                    else:
+                        self.add_additional_options(lang, inc_cl, file_args)
+                        self.add_preprocessor_defines(lang, inc_cl, file_defines)
+                        pch_header_dir = pch_sources[lang][3]
+                        if pch_header_dir:
+                            inc_dirs = copy.deepcopy(file_inc_dirs)
+                            inc_dirs[lang] = [pch_header_dir] + inc_dirs[lang]
+                        else:
+                            inc_dirs = file_inc_dirs
+                        self.add_include_dirs(lang, inc_cl, inc_dirs)
+                        # XXX: Do we need to set the object file name here too?
+
+        additional_objects = []
+        for o in self.flatten_object_list(target, proj_to_build_root)[0]:
+            assert isinstance(o, str)
+            additional_objects.append(o)
+        for o in custom_objs:
+            additional_objects.append(o)
+
+        # VS automatically links CustomBuild outputs whose name ends in .obj or .res,
+        # but the others need to be included explicitly
+        explicit_link_gen_objs = [obj for obj in gen_objs if not obj.endswith(('.obj', '.res'))]
+
+        previous_objects = []
+        if len(objects) + len(additional_objects) + len(explicit_link_gen_objs) > 0:
+            inc_objs = ET.SubElement(root, 'ItemGroup')
+            for s in objects:
+                relpath = os.path.join(proj_to_build_root, s.rel_to_builddir(self.build_to_src))
+                if path_normalize_add(relpath, previous_objects):
+                    ET.SubElement(inc_objs, 'Object', Include=relpath)
+            for s in additional_objects + explicit_link_gen_objs:
+                if path_normalize_add(s, previous_objects):
+                    ET.SubElement(inc_objs, 'Object', Include=s)
+
+        ET.SubElement(root, 'Import', Project=r'$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets')
+        self.add_regen_dependency(root)
+        if not self.gen_lite:
+            # Injecting further target dependencies into this vcxproj implies and forces a Visual Studio BUILD dependency,
+            # which we don't want when using 'genvslite'.  A gen_lite build as little involvement with the visual studio's
+            # build system as possible.
+            self.add_target_deps(root, target)
+        self._prettyprint_vcxproj_xml(ET.ElementTree(root), ofname)
+        if self.environment.coredata.get_option(OptionKey('layout')) == 'mirror':
+            self.gen_vcxproj_filters(target, ofname)
+        return True
+
+    def gen_vcxproj_filters(self, target, ofname):
+        # Generate pitchfork of filters based on directory structure.
+        root = ET.Element('Project', {'ToolsVersion': '4.0',
+                                      'xmlns': 'http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003'})
+        filter_folders = ET.SubElement(root, 'ItemGroup')
+        filter_items = ET.SubElement(root, 'ItemGroup')
+        mlog.debug(f'Generating vcxproj filters {target.name}.')
+
+        def relative_to_defined_in(file):
+            # Get the relative path to file's directory from the location of the meson.build that defines this target.
+            return os.path.dirname(self.relpath(PureWindowsPath(file.subdir, file.fname), self.get_target_dir(target)))
+
+        found_folders_to_filter = {}
+        all_files = target.sources + target.extra_files
+
+        # Build a dictionary of all used relative paths (i.e. from the meson.build defining this target)
+        # for all sources.
+        for i in all_files:
+            if not os.path.isabs(i.fname):
+                dirname = relative_to_defined_in(i)
+                if dirname:
+                    found_folders_to_filter[dirname] = ''
+
+        # Now walk up each of those relative paths checking for empty intermediate dirs to generate the filter.
+        for folder in found_folders_to_filter:
+            dirname = folder
+            filter = ''
+
+            while dirname:
+                basename = os.path.basename(dirname)
+
+                if filter == '':
+                    filter = basename
+                else:
+                    # Use '/' to squash empty dirs. To actually get a '\', use '%255c'.
+                    filter = basename + ('\\' if dirname in found_folders_to_filter else '/') + filter
+
+                dirname = os.path.dirname(dirname)
+
+            # Don't add an empty filter, breaks all other (?) filters.
+            if filter != '':
+                found_folders_to_filter[folder] = filter
+                filter_element = ET.SubElement(filter_folders, 'Filter', {'Include': filter})
+                uuid_element = ET.SubElement(filter_element, 'UniqueIdentifier')
+                uuid_element.text = '{' + str(uuid.uuid4()).upper() + '}'
+
+        sources, headers, objects, _ = self.split_sources(all_files)
+        down = self.target_to_build_root(target)
+
+        def add_element(type_name, elements):
+            for i in elements:
+                if not os.path.isabs(i.fname):
+                    dirname = relative_to_defined_in(i)
+
+                    if dirname and dirname in found_folders_to_filter:
+                        relpath = os.path.join(down, i.rel_to_builddir(self.build_to_src))
+                        target_element = ET.SubElement(filter_items, type_name, {'Include': relpath})
+                        filter_element = ET.SubElement(target_element, 'Filter')
+                        filter_element.text = found_folders_to_filter[dirname]
+
+        add_element('ClCompile', sources)
+        add_element('ClInclude', headers)
+        add_element('Object', objects)
+
+        self._prettyprint_vcxproj_xml(ET.ElementTree(root), ofname + '.filters')
+
+    def gen_regenproj(self):
+        # To fully adapt the REGEN work for a 'genvslite' solution, to check timestamps, settings, and regenerate the
+        # '[builddir]_vs' solution/vcxprojs, as well as regenerating the accompanying buildtype-suffixed ninja build
+        # directories (from which we need to first collect correct, updated preprocessor defs and compiler options in
+        # order to fill in the regenerated solution's intellisense settings) would require some non-trivial intrusion
+        # into the 'meson --internal regencheck ./meson-private' execution path (and perhaps also the '--internal
+        # regenerate' and even 'meson setup --reconfigure' code).  So, for now, we'll instead give the user a simpler
+        # 'reconfigure' utility project that just runs 'meson setup --reconfigure [builddir]_[buildtype] [srcdir]' on
+        # each of the ninja build dirs.
+        #
+        # FIXME:  That will keep the building and compiling correctly configured but obviously won't update the
+        # solution and vcxprojs, which may allow solution src files and intellisense options to go out-of-date;  the
+        # user would still have to manually 'meson setup --genvslite [vsxxxx] [builddir] [srcdir]' to fully regenerate
+        # a complete and correct solution.
+        if self.gen_lite:
+            project_name = 'RECONFIGURE'
+            ofname = os.path.join(self.environment.get_build_dir(), 'RECONFIGURE.vcxproj')
+            conftype = 'Makefile'
+            # I find the REGEN project doesn't work; it fails to invoke the appropriate -
+            #    python meson.py --internal regencheck builddir\meson-private
+            # command, despite the fact that manually running such a command in a shell runs just fine.
+            # Running/building the regen project produces the error -
+            #    ...Microsoft.CppBuild.targets(460,5): error MSB8020: The build tools for ClangCL (Platform Toolset = 'ClangCL') cannot be found. To build using the ClangCL build tools, please install ...
+            # Not sure why but a simple makefile-style project that executes the full '...regencheck...' command actually works (and seems a little simpler).
+            # Although I've limited this change to only happen under '--genvslite', perhaps ...
+            # FIXME : Should all utility projects use the simpler and less problematic makefile-style project?
+        else:
+            project_name = 'REGEN'
+            ofname = os.path.join(self.environment.get_build_dir(), 'REGEN.vcxproj')
+            conftype = 'Utility'
+
+        guid = self.environment.coredata.regen_guid
+        (root, type_config) = self.create_basic_project(project_name,
+                                                        temp_dir='regen-temp',
+                                                        guid=guid,
+                                                        conftype=conftype
+                                                        )
+
+        if self.gen_lite:
+            (nmake_base_meson_command, exe_search_paths) = Vs2010Backend.get_nmake_base_meson_command_and_exe_search_paths()
+            all_configs_prop_group = ET.SubElement(root, 'PropertyGroup')
+
+            # Multi-line command to reconfigure all buildtype-suffixed build dirs
+            multi_config_buildtype_list = coredata.get_genvs_default_buildtype_list()
+            (_, build_dir_tail) = os.path.split(self.src_to_build)
+            proj_to_multiconfigured_builds_parent_dir = '..' # We know this RECONFIGURE.vcxproj will always be in the '[buildir]_vs' dir.
+            proj_to_src_dir = self.build_to_src
+            reconfigure_all_cmd = ''
+            for buildtype in multi_config_buildtype_list:
+                meson_build_dir_for_buildtype = build_dir_tail[:-2] + buildtype # Get the buildtype suffixed 'builddir_[debug/release/etc]' from 'builddir_vs', for example.
+                proj_to_build_dir_for_buildtype = str(os.path.join(proj_to_multiconfigured_builds_parent_dir, meson_build_dir_for_buildtype))
+                reconfigure_all_cmd += f'{nmake_base_meson_command} setup --reconfigure "{proj_to_build_dir_for_buildtype}" "{proj_to_src_dir}"\n'
+            ET.SubElement(all_configs_prop_group, 'NMakeBuildCommandLine').text = reconfigure_all_cmd
+            ET.SubElement(all_configs_prop_group, 'NMakeReBuildCommandLine').text = reconfigure_all_cmd
+            ET.SubElement(all_configs_prop_group, 'NMakeCleanCommandLine').text = ''
+
+            #Need to set the 'ExecutablePath' element for the above NMake... commands to be able to execute
+            ET.SubElement(all_configs_prop_group, 'ExecutablePath').text = exe_search_paths
+        else:
+            action = ET.SubElement(root, 'ItemDefinitionGroup')
+            midl = ET.SubElement(action, 'Midl')
+            ET.SubElement(midl, "AdditionalIncludeDirectories").text = '%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)'
+            ET.SubElement(midl, "OutputDirectory").text = '$(IntDir)'
+            ET.SubElement(midl, 'HeaderFileName').text = '%(Filename).h'
+            ET.SubElement(midl, 'TypeLibraryName').text = '%(Filename).tlb'
+            ET.SubElement(midl, 'InterfaceIdentifierFilename').text = '%(Filename)_i.c'
+            ET.SubElement(midl, 'ProxyFileName').text = '%(Filename)_p.c'
+            regen_command = self.environment.get_build_command() + ['--internal', 'regencheck']
+            cmd_templ = '''call %s > NUL
+"%s" "%s"'''
+            regen_command = cmd_templ % \
+                (self.get_vcvars_command(), '" "'.join(regen_command), self.environment.get_scratch_dir())
+            self.add_custom_build(root, 'regen', regen_command, deps=self.get_regen_filelist(),
+                                  outputs=[Vs2010Backend.get_regen_stampfile(self.environment.get_build_dir())],
+                                  msg='Checking whether solution needs to be regenerated.')
+
+        ET.SubElement(root, 'Import', Project=r'$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets')
+        ET.SubElement(root, 'ImportGroup', Label='ExtensionTargets')
+        self._prettyprint_vcxproj_xml(ET.ElementTree(root), ofname)
+
+    def gen_testproj(self):
+        project_name = 'RUN_TESTS'
+        ofname = os.path.join(self.environment.get_build_dir(), f'{project_name}.vcxproj')
+        guid = self.environment.coredata.test_guid
+        if self.gen_lite:
+            (root, type_config) = self.create_basic_project(project_name,
+                                                            temp_dir='install-temp',
+                                                            guid=guid,
+                                                            conftype='Makefile'
+                                                            )
+            (nmake_base_meson_command, exe_search_paths) = Vs2010Backend.get_nmake_base_meson_command_and_exe_search_paths()
+            multi_config_buildtype_list = coredata.get_genvs_default_buildtype_list()
+            (_, build_dir_tail) = os.path.split(self.src_to_build)
+            proj_to_multiconfigured_builds_parent_dir = '..' # We know this .vcxproj will always be in the '[buildir]_vs' dir.
+            # Add appropriate 'test' commands for the 'build' action of this project, for all buildtypes
+            for buildtype in multi_config_buildtype_list:
+                meson_build_dir_for_buildtype = build_dir_tail[:-2] + buildtype # Get the buildtype suffixed 'builddir_[debug/release/etc]' from 'builddir_vs', for example.
+                proj_to_build_dir_for_buildtype = str(os.path.join(proj_to_multiconfigured_builds_parent_dir, meson_build_dir_for_buildtype))
+                test_cmd = f'{nmake_base_meson_command} test -C "{proj_to_build_dir_for_buildtype}" --no-rebuild'
+                if not self.environment.coredata.get_option(OptionKey('stdsplit')):
+                    test_cmd += ' --no-stdsplit'
+                if self.environment.coredata.get_option(OptionKey('errorlogs')):
+                    test_cmd += ' --print-errorlogs'
+                condition = f'\'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)\'==\'{buildtype}|{self.platform}\''
+                prop_group = ET.SubElement(root, 'PropertyGroup', Condition=condition)
+                ET.SubElement(prop_group, 'NMakeBuildCommandLine').text = test_cmd
+                #Need to set the 'ExecutablePath' element for the NMake... commands to be able to execute
+                ET.SubElement(prop_group, 'ExecutablePath').text = exe_search_paths
+        else:
+            (root, type_config) = self.create_basic_project(project_name,
+                                                            temp_dir='test-temp',
+                                                            guid=guid)
+
+            action = ET.SubElement(root, 'ItemDefinitionGroup')
+            midl = ET.SubElement(action, 'Midl')
+            ET.SubElement(midl, "AdditionalIncludeDirectories").text = '%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)'
+            ET.SubElement(midl, "OutputDirectory").text = '$(IntDir)'
+            ET.SubElement(midl, 'HeaderFileName').text = '%(Filename).h'
+            ET.SubElement(midl, 'TypeLibraryName').text = '%(Filename).tlb'
+            ET.SubElement(midl, 'InterfaceIdentifierFilename').text = '%(Filename)_i.c'
+            ET.SubElement(midl, 'ProxyFileName').text = '%(Filename)_p.c'
+            # FIXME: No benchmarks?
+            test_command = self.environment.get_build_command() + ['test', '--no-rebuild']
+            if not self.environment.coredata.get_option(OptionKey('stdsplit')):
+                test_command += ['--no-stdsplit']
+            if self.environment.coredata.get_option(OptionKey('errorlogs')):
+                test_command += ['--print-errorlogs']
+            self.serialize_tests()
+            self.add_custom_build(root, 'run_tests', '"%s"' % ('" "'.join(test_command)))
+
+        ET.SubElement(root, 'Import', Project=r'$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets')
+        self.add_regen_dependency(root)
+        self._prettyprint_vcxproj_xml(ET.ElementTree(root), ofname)
+
+    def gen_installproj(self):
+        project_name = 'RUN_INSTALL'
+        ofname = os.path.join(self.environment.get_build_dir(), f'{project_name}.vcxproj')
+        guid = self.environment.coredata.install_guid
+        if self.gen_lite:
+            (root, type_config) = self.create_basic_project(project_name,
+                                                            temp_dir='install-temp',
+                                                            guid=guid,
+                                                            conftype='Makefile'
+                                                            )
+            (nmake_base_meson_command, exe_search_paths) = Vs2010Backend.get_nmake_base_meson_command_and_exe_search_paths()
+            multi_config_buildtype_list = coredata.get_genvs_default_buildtype_list()
+            (_, build_dir_tail) = os.path.split(self.src_to_build)
+            proj_to_multiconfigured_builds_parent_dir = '..' # We know this .vcxproj will always be in the '[buildir]_vs' dir.
+            # Add appropriate 'install' commands for the 'build' action of this project, for all buildtypes
+            for buildtype in multi_config_buildtype_list:
+                meson_build_dir_for_buildtype = build_dir_tail[:-2] + buildtype # Get the buildtype suffixed 'builddir_[debug/release/etc]' from 'builddir_vs', for example.
+                proj_to_build_dir_for_buildtype = str(os.path.join(proj_to_multiconfigured_builds_parent_dir, meson_build_dir_for_buildtype))
+                install_cmd = f'{nmake_base_meson_command} install -C "{proj_to_build_dir_for_buildtype}" --no-rebuild'
+                condition = f'\'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)\'==\'{buildtype}|{self.platform}\''
+                prop_group = ET.SubElement(root, 'PropertyGroup', Condition=condition)
+                ET.SubElement(prop_group, 'NMakeBuildCommandLine').text = install_cmd
+                #Need to set the 'ExecutablePath' element for the NMake... commands to be able to execute
+                ET.SubElement(prop_group, 'ExecutablePath').text = exe_search_paths
+        else:
+            self.create_install_data_files()
+
+            (root, type_config) = self.create_basic_project(project_name,
+                                                            temp_dir='install-temp',
+                                                            guid=guid)
+
+            action = ET.SubElement(root, 'ItemDefinitionGroup')
+            midl = ET.SubElement(action, 'Midl')
+            ET.SubElement(midl, "AdditionalIncludeDirectories").text = '%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)'
+            ET.SubElement(midl, "OutputDirectory").text = '$(IntDir)'
+            ET.SubElement(midl, 'HeaderFileName').text = '%(Filename).h'
+            ET.SubElement(midl, 'TypeLibraryName').text = '%(Filename).tlb'
+            ET.SubElement(midl, 'InterfaceIdentifierFilename').text = '%(Filename)_i.c'
+            ET.SubElement(midl, 'ProxyFileName').text = '%(Filename)_p.c'
+            install_command = self.environment.get_build_command() + ['install', '--no-rebuild']
+            self.add_custom_build(root, 'run_install', '"%s"' % ('" "'.join(install_command)))
+
+        ET.SubElement(root, 'Import', Project=r'$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets')
+        self.add_regen_dependency(root)
+        self._prettyprint_vcxproj_xml(ET.ElementTree(root), ofname)
+
+    def add_custom_build(self, node: ET.Element, rulename: str, command: str, deps: T.Optional[T.List[str]] = None,
+                         outputs: T.Optional[T.List[str]] = None, msg: T.Optional[str] = None, verify_files: bool = True) -> None:
+        igroup = ET.SubElement(node, 'ItemGroup')
+        rulefile = os.path.join(self.environment.get_scratch_dir(), rulename + '.rule')
+        if not os.path.exists(rulefile):
+            with open(rulefile, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+                f.write("# Meson regen file.")
+        custombuild = ET.SubElement(igroup, 'CustomBuild', Include=rulefile)
+        if msg:
+            message = ET.SubElement(custombuild, 'Message')
+            message.text = msg
+        if not verify_files:
+            ET.SubElement(custombuild, 'VerifyInputsAndOutputsExist').text = 'false'
+
+        # If a command ever were to change the current directory or set local
+        # variables this would need to be more complicated, as msbuild by
+        # default executes all CustomBuilds in a project using the same
+        # shell. Right now such tasks are all done inside the meson_exe
+        # wrapper. The trailing newline appears to be necessary to allow
+        # parallel custom builds to work.
+        ET.SubElement(custombuild, 'Command').text = f"{command}\n"
+
+        if not outputs:
+            # Use a nonexistent file to always consider the target out-of-date.
+            outputs = [self.nonexistent_file(os.path.join(self.environment.get_scratch_dir(),
+                                                          'outofdate.file'))]
+        ET.SubElement(custombuild, 'Outputs').text = ';'.join(outputs)
+        if deps:
+            ET.SubElement(custombuild, 'AdditionalInputs').text = ';'.join(deps)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def nonexistent_file(prefix: str) -> str:
+        i = 0
+        file = prefix
+        while os.path.exists(file):
+            file = '%s%d' % (prefix, i)
+        return file
+
+    def generate_debug_information(self, link: ET.Element) -> None:
+        # valid values for vs2015 is 'false', 'true', 'DebugFastLink'
+        ET.SubElement(link, 'GenerateDebugInformation').text = 'true'
+
+    def add_regen_dependency(self, root: ET.Element) -> None:
+        # For now, with 'genvslite' solutions, REGEN is replaced by the lighter-weight RECONFIGURE utility that is
+        # no longer a forced build dependency.  See comment in 'gen_regenproj'
+        if not self.gen_lite:
+            regen_vcxproj = os.path.join(self.environment.get_build_dir(), 'REGEN.vcxproj')
+            self.add_project_reference(root, regen_vcxproj, self.environment.coredata.regen_guid)
+
+    def generate_lang_standard_info(self, file_args: T.Dict[str, CompilerArgs], clconf: ET.Element) -> None:
+        pass